Segments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

20.

Segments

Our reportable segments are separated by region based on the three regions in which we conduct our business: New York, San Francisco and Washington, D.C. Our determination of segments is aligned with our method of internal reporting and the way our Chief Executive Officer, who is also our Chief Operating Decision Maker, makes key operating decisions, evaluates financial results and manages our business.

The following tables provide Net Operating Income (“NOI”) for each reportable segment for the periods set forth below.

	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
(Amounts in thousands)	Total			New York			San Francisco			Washington, D.C.			Other
Property-related revenues	$	185,793		$	121,096		$	57,184		$	7,403		$	110
Property-related operating expenses		(68,381	)		(48,103	)		(16,346	)		(2,920	)		(1,012	)
NOI from unconsolidated joint ventures		5,411			4,657			700			-			54
NOI⁽¹⁾	$	122,823		$	77,650		$	41,538		$	4,483		$	(848	)

	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
(Amounts in thousands)	Total			New York			San Francisco			Washington, D.C.			Other
Property-related revenues	$	180,806		$	113,645		$	51,899		$	15,449		$	(187	)
Property-related operating expenses		(68,978	)		(47,161	)		(14,116	)		(5,845	)		(1,856	)
NOI from unconsolidated joint ventures		4,740			4,665			-			-			75
NOI⁽¹⁾	$	116,568		$	71,149		$	37,783		$	9,604		$	(1,968	)

⁽¹⁾

NOI is used to measure the operating performance of our properties. NOI consists of rental revenue (which includes property rentals, tenant reimbursements and lease termination income) and certain other property-related revenue less operating expenses (which includes property-related expenses such as cleaning, security, repairs and maintenance, utilities, property administration and real estate taxes). We use NOI internally as a performance measure and believe it provides useful information to investors regarding our financial condition and results of operations because it reflects only those income and expense items that are incurred at the property level. Other real estate companies may use different methodologies for calculating NOI and, accordingly, our presentation of NOI may not be comparable to other real estate companies.

The following table provides a reconciliation of NOI to net income attributable to common stockholders for the periods set forth below.

	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(Amounts in thousands)	2019			2018
NOI	$	122,823		$	116,568
Add (subtract) adjustments to arrive to net income:
Fee income		5,999			3,465
Depreciation and amortization expense		(63,089	)		(65,156	)
General and administrative expenses		(17,443	)		(12,631	)
NOI from unconsolidated joint ventures		(5,411	)		(4,740	)
Interest and other income, net		3,900			2,016
Interest and debt expense		(36,924	)		(36,082	)
Other, net		(1,717	)		(248	)
Net income before income taxes		8,138			3,192
Income tax expense		(1,138	)		(477	)
Net income		7,000			2,715
Less: net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in:
Consolidated joint ventures		(2,794	)		(1,055	)
Consolidated real estate fund		(94	)		(430	)
Operating Partnership		(403	)		(116	)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	3,709		$	1,114

The following table provides the total assets for each of our reportable segments as of the dates set forth below.

(Amounts in thousands)
Total Assets as of:	Total		New York		San Francisco		Washington, D.C.		Other
March 31, 2019	$	8,721,637	$	5,528,411	$	2,444,347	$	302,754	$	446,125
December 31, 2018		8,755,978		5,583,022		2,388,094		305,980		478,882