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Note 9 - Fair Value Disclosure
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements  
Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]
Note
9.
Fair Value Disclosure
 
FASB ASC
820
“Fair Value Measurement” defines fair value and provides the framework for measuring fair value and required disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability at the transaction date. ASC
820
establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used in valuation methods to determine fair value.
 
The
three
levels of fair value hierarchy are as follows:
 
  Level I – Fair value is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible to the Company for identical assets. These generally provide the most reliable evidence and are used to measure fair value whenever available.
 
  Level II – Fair value is based on significant inputs, other than Level I inputs, that are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset through corroboration with observable market data. Level II inputs include quoted market prices in active markets for similar assets, quoted market prices in markets that are
not
active for identical or similar assets, and other observable inputs.
 
  Level III – Fair value would be based on significant unobservable inputs. Examples of valuation methodologies that would result in Level III classification include option pricing models, discounted cash flows, and other similar techniques.
 
This hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available. The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
 
The following table presents the financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and reported on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition as of the dates indicated, by level within the fair value hierarchy. The majority of the Company’s securities are included in Level II of the fair value hierarchy. Fair values for Level II securities were primarily determined by a
third
party pricing service using both quoted prices for similar assets, when available, and model-based valuation techniques that derive fair value based on market-corroborated data, such as instruments with similar prepayment speeds and default interest rates. The standard inputs that are normally used include benchmark yields of like securities, reportable trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads,
two
-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, and reference data including market research publications.
 
        (Dollars in thousands)
    Fair Value
Hierarchy
  September 30,
2017
  December 31,
2016
Available for Sales Securities:                        
U.S. Government Agencies    
Level II
    $
58,380
    $
66,156
 
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions    
Level II
     
37,808
     
35,735
 
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Government-Sponsored Enterprises    
Level II
     
17,859
     
2,619
 
Equity Securities - Mutual Funds    
Level I
     
510
     
507
 
Equity Securities - Other    
Level I
     
1,332
     
1,191
 
Total Available for Sale Securities    
 
    $
115,889
    $
106,208
 
 
The following table presents the financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition as of the dates indicated by level within the fair value hierarchy. The table also presents the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements. Impaired loans that are collateral dependent are written down to fair value through the establishment of specific reserves. Techniques used to value the collateral that secure the impaired loans include quoted market prices for identical assets classified as Level I inputs or observable inputs, employed by certified appraisers, for similar assets classified as Level II inputs. In cases where valuation techniques included inputs that are unobservable and are based on estimates and assumptions developed by management based on the best information available under each circumstance, the asset valuation is classified as Level III inputs.
 
        (Dollars in thousands)                    
        Fair Value at           Significant    
Financial Asset   Fair Value
Hierarchy
  September 30,
2017
  December 31,
2016
  Valuation
Techniques
  Significant
Unobservable Inputs
  Unobservable
Input Value
   
Impaired Loans  
 Level III
  $
2,271
    $
2,497
   
Market Comparable Properties
 
Marketability Discount
 
10%
to
30%
(1)
 
OREO  
 Level III
   
169
     
-
   
Market Comparable Properties
 
Marketability Discount
 
10%
to
50%
(1)
 
 
(
1
)
Range includes discounts taken since appraisal and estimated values.
 
Impaired loans are evaluated when a loan is identified as impaired and valued at the lower of cost or fair value at that time. Fair value is measured based on the value of the collateral securing these loans and is classified as Level III in the fair value hierarchy. At
September 30, 2017
and
December 31, 2016,
the fair value of impaired loans consists of the loan balances of
$3.3
million and
$3.7
million, respectively, less their specific valuation allowances of
$1.0
million and
$1.2
million, respectively.
 
Other real estate owned (OREO) properties are evaluated at the time of acquisition and recorded at fair value, less estimated selling costs. After acquisition, other real estate owned is recorded at the lower of cost or fair value, less estimated selling costs. The fair value of an other real estate owned property is determined from a qualified independent appraisal and is classified as Level III in the fair value hierarchy. During the
three
months ended
September 30, 2017,
one
residential real estate loan for
$14,000
moved into OREO. During the
nine
months ended
September 30, 2017,
two
residential real estate loans for
$155,000
and
$14,000
moved into OREO. During the
nine
months ended
September 30, 2016,
two
commercial real estate properties for
$3.2
million were foreclosed on, moved into OREO, evaluated for fair value and recorded a prior
first
quarter gain on the valuation adjustment on foreclosed real estate for approximately
$566,000.
This recognized gain on the valuation adjustment was supported by independent appraisals of the
two
properties. One property was subject to a tentative sales agreement with a current customer which closed in the prior year. The other property was transferred into premises and equipment of the Company due to its location and the Company’s need of a new headquarters location.
 
Financial instruments are defined as cash, evidence of an ownership in an entity, or a contract which creates an obligation or right to receive or deliver cash or another financial instrument from/to a
second
entity on potentially favorable or unfavorable terms.
 
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. If
no
readily available market exists, the fair value estimates for financial instruments should be based upon management’s judgment regarding current economic conditions, interest rate risk, expected cash flows, future estimated losses and other factors, as determined through various option pricing formulas or simulation modeling. As many of these assumptions result from judgments made by management based upon estimates which are inherently uncertain, the resulting estimated fair values
may
not
be indicative of the amount realizable in the sale of a particular financial instrument. In addition, changes in the assumptions on which the estimated fair values are based
may
have significant impact on the resulting estimated fair values.
 
As certain assets such as deferred tax assets and premises and equipment are
not
considered financial instruments, the estimated fair value of financial instruments would
not
represent the full value of the Company.
 
The Company employs simulation modeling in determining the estimated fair value of financial instruments for which quoted market prices are
not
available, based upon the following assumptions:
 
Cash and Due From Banks, Restricted Stock, Bank-Owned Life Insurance, Accrued Interest Receivable, Short-Term Borrowings, and Accrued Interest Payable
 
The fair value is equal to the current carrying value.
 
Investment Securities
 
The fair value of investment securities is equal to the available quoted market price. If
no
quoted market price is available, fair value is estimated using the quoted market price for similar securities or matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique, used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted market prices for the specific securities, but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices.
 
Loans Receivable
 
For variable-rate loans that reprice frequently and with
no
significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values. Fair values for certain mortgage loans and other consumer loans are based on quoted market prices of similar loans sold in conjunction with securitization transactions, adjusted for differences in loan characteristics. Fair values for other loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using market interest rates for comparable loans. Fair values for nonperforming loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses or underlying collateral values, where applicable.
 
Deposit Liabilities
 
The fair values disclosed for demand deposits, are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The carrying amounts of variable-rate, fixed-term money market accounts and certificates of deposit approximate their fair values at the reporting date. Fair values for fixed-rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies market interest rates on comparable instruments to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits.
 
Borrowed Funds
 
Fair values of borrowed funds are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on current market rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements.
 
Commitments to Extend Credit
 
These financial instruments are generally
not
subject to sale and estimated fair values are
not
readily available. The carrying value, represented by the net deferred fee arising from the unrecognized commitment or letter of credit, and the fair value determined by discounting the remaining contractual fee over the term of the commitment using fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements with similar credit risk, are
not
considered material for disclosure. The contractual amounts of unfunded commitments and letters of credit are presented in Note
8.
 
The following table presents the estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments at the dates indicated.
 
        (Dollars in thousands)
        September 30, 2017   December 31, 2016
    Fair Value
Hierarchy
  Carrying
Value
  Fair
Value
  Carrying
Value
  Fair
Value
Financial Assets:                                    
Cash and Due From Banks:                                    
Interest Bearing  
Level I
  $
31,979
    $
31,979
    $
7,699
    $
7,699
 
Non-Interest Bearing  
Level I
   
11,766
     
11,766
     
6,583
     
6,583
 
Investment Securities:                                    
Available for Sale  
See Above
   
115,889
     
115,889
     
106,208
     
106,208
 
Loans, Net  
Level III
   
695,718
     
706,433
     
674,094
     
684,777
 
Restricted Stock  
Level II
   
3,712
     
3,712
     
3,665
     
3,665
 
Bank-Owned Life Insurance  
Level II
   
19,035
     
19,035
     
18,687
     
18,687
 
Accrued Interest Receivable  
Level II
   
2,572
     
2,572
     
2,441
     
2,441
 
                                     
Financial Liabilities:                                    
Deposits  
Level II
   
762,374
     
738,836
     
698,218
     
697,806
 
Short-term Borrowings  
Level II
   
24,662
     
24,662
     
27,027
     
27,027
 
Other Borrowed Funds  
Level II
   
24,500
     
24,671
     
28,000
     
28,098
 
Accrued Interest Payable  
Level II
   
413
     
413
     
334
     
334