Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Income Taxes

Schedule of effective tax rates differing from U.S. federal statutory rate

	December 31,
	2022				2021				2020
	(in thousands, except percentages)
U.S. federal taxes (benefit) at statutory rate	$	(114,832)	(21.00)	%	$	(98,931)	(21.00)	%	$	(48,226)	(21.00)	%
State tax expense		(21,676)	(3.96)	%		(29,206)	(6.20)	%		(10,672)	(4.65)	%
Research and development credits		(7,024)	(1.28)	%		(9,193)	(1.95)	%		(3,964)	(1.73)	%
Stock-based compensation		3,949	0.72	%		(46,128)	(9.80)	%		(23,791)	(10.36)	%
Foreign tax		332	0.06	%		167	0.04	%		55	0.02	%
Other nondeductible items		1,964	0.36	%		344	0.07	%		792	0.35	%
Nondeductible officers' compensation		4,883	0.89	%		24,387	5.18	%		8,984	3.91	%
Acquisition costs		3,226	0.59	%		8,901	2	%		—	—	%
Change in valuation allowance		130,156	23.80	%		150,277	31.90	%		76,920	33.50	%
Provision for income taxes	$	978	0.18	%	$	618	0.13	%	$	98	0.04	%

Schedule of tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets

	December 31,
	2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards	$	358,109	$	315,552
Intangibles		4,068		4,443
Research and development tax credit carryforwards		52,319		38,725
Capitalized research costs		59,128		—
Reserves and accruals		22,781		14,098
Lease Liabilities		21,000		16,843
Deferred revenue		5,094		6,363
Stock-based compensation		23,814		15,928
Total deferred tax assets before valuation allowance		546,313		411,952
Less: valuation allowance		(526,235)		(396,079)
Total deferred tax assets after valuation allowance		20,078		15,873
Deferred tax liabilities:
Fixed Assets		(1,219)		—
Right-of-use lease assets		(18,859)		(15,873)
Total deferred tax liabilities		(20,078)		(15,873)
Net deferred tax assets	$	—	$	—

Schedule of reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits

	December 31,
	2022		2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Balance at beginning of year	$	17,514	$	11,500	$	8,619
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year		6,301		6,017		2,889
Additions (reductions) for tax positions of prior years		29		(3)		(8)
Balance at end of year	$	23,844	$	17,514	$	11,500