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Nov. 28, 2020
TrimTabs All Cap International Free-Cash-Flow ETF
TrimTabs International Free Cash Flow Quality ETF
Investment Objective
The TrimTabs International Free Cash Flow Quality ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to generate long-term returns in excess of the total return of the S&P Developed ex-U.S. BMI® Index (the “Index”), with similar volatility to that Index.
Fees and Expenses
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold and sell Shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table or example below.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
Management Fee1
0.59%
Other Expenses0.00%
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses0.02%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses0.61%
Example
The following example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. The example does not reflect any brokerage commissions that you may pay on purchases and sales of Shares.
Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
One YearThree YearsFive YearsTen Years
$62$195$340$762
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund may pay transaction costs, including commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 45% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”). To pursue its investment objective, the Fund invests, under normal market circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in equity securities of companies from foreign countries, or depositary receipts representing such securities. The Fund considers an issuer to be from a foreign country if: (i) its securities are organized under the laws of a foreign country or the issuer maintains its principal place of business in a foreign country; (ii) its securities are traded principally in a foreign country; or (iii) during the issuer's most recent fiscal year, it derived at least 50% of its revenues or profits from goods produced or sold, investments made, or services performed in a foreign country or has at least 50% of its assets in a foreign country. The companies in which the Fund primarily invests are those with listed issuers in the Index, which includes only companies from developed foreign markets from Europe, Japan and the Asia-Pacific region. The Fund seeks to invest in stocks of any market capitalization that have fundamental characteristics, which TrimTabs Asset Management, LLC (the “Adviser”) believes are associated with superior long-term performance, based on the extensive historical research of the Adviser.
The Adviser designed the following quantitative stock selection rules to make allocation decisions and to seek to protect against dramatic over- or under-weighting of individual securities in the Fund’s portfolio.
Decile Rankings of Index Stocks. The Adviser employs a quantamental process using proprietary quantitative models to generate decile rankings (i.e., top 10%, top 20%, top 30%, etc.) for stocks included in the Index, which is based on the following criteria:
(1) Strong Free Cash Flow: based on proprietary measures of Free Cash Flow profitability and growth (Free Cash Flow (FCF) represents the cash that a company is able to generate after accounting for capital expenditures);
(2) High-Quality Balance Sheet: based on proprietary measures of quality, leverage and underlying trends;
(3) Actual Share Reduction: based on the relative decrease and trend in their outstanding shares over different periods in real-time.
The top decile of stocks ranked represent the companies with (1) the strongest proprietary Free Cash Flow rankings, (2) the highest proprietary balance sheet rankings, and (3) the largest share reduction rankings, respectively, based on the Adviser’s sequential layering process.

Stock Selection Algorithm. The Adviser uses a mathematical formula, known as an “algorithm,” to combine the three rankings into a single ranking for each stock (“combined ranking”).
The relative weight the algorithm gives to each factor essentially varies according to the degree of change of each of these factors for each individual company during the measurement period.
The Fund then normally invests equally in 80 to 120 stocks in the top 10% of stocks based on their combined ranking, subject to the Adviser’s determination that each stock is sufficiently liquid and the Adviser’s discretion to adjust allocations.
From time to time the Fund may focus its investment (i.e., invest more than 15% of its total assets) in one or more particular sectors or geographic regions. As of September 30, 2020, the Fund focuses its investments in Japan and Europe, and also in the industrials and information technology sectors.
Principal Risks
An investment in the Fund involves risk, including those described below. There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. An investor may lose money by investing in the Fund.
Foreign Investment Risk. Returns on investments in foreign securities could be more volatile than, or trail the returns on, investments in U.S. securities. Exposures to foreign securities entail special risks, including due to: differences in information available about foreign issuers; differences in investor protection standards in other jurisdictions; capital controls risks, including the risk of a foreign jurisdiction imposing restrictions on the ability to repatriate or transfer currency or other assets; political, diplomatic and economic risks; regulatory risks; and foreign market and trading risks, including the costs of trading and risks of settlement in foreign jurisdictions. In addition, the Fund’s investments in securities denominated in other currencies could decline due to changes in local currency relative to the value of the U.S. dollar, which may affect the Fund’s returns.
Equity Investing Risk. An investment in the Fund involves risks similar to those of investing in any fund holding equity securities, such as market fluctuations, changes in interest rates and perceived trends in stock prices. The values of equity securities could decline generally or could underperform other investments. In addition, securities may decline in value due to factors affecting a specific issuer, market or securities markets generally.
Geographic Region Risk. To the extent that the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in a specific geographic region or a particular country, the Fund will generally have more exposure to that region or country’s economic risks. In the event of economic or political turmoil or a deterioration of diplomatic relations in a region or country where a significant portion of the Fund’s assets are invested, the Fund may experience substantial illiquidity or reduction in the value of the Fund’s investments. Adverse conditions in a certain region or country can also adversely affect securities of issuers in other countries whose economies appear to be unrelated.
Asia-Pacific Risk. Investments in securities of issuers in Asia-Pacific countries involve risks that are specific to the Asia-Pacific region, including certain legal, regulatory, political and economic risks. Certain Asia-Pacific countries have experienced expropriation and/or nationalization of assets, confiscatory taxation, political instability, armed conflict and social instability as a result of religious, ethnic, socio-economic and/or political unrest. Some economies in this region are dependent on a range of commodities, and are strongly affected by international commodity prices and particularly vulnerable to price changes for these products. The market for securities in this region may also be directly influenced by the flow of international capital, and by the economic and market conditions of neighboring countries. Many Asia-Pacific economies have experienced rapid growth and industrialization, and there is no assurance that this growth rate will be maintained. Some Asia-Pacific economies are highly dependent on trade and economic conditions in other countries can impact these economies.
Japan Risk. The Japanese economy may be subject to considerable degrees of economic, political and social instability. Since 2000, Japan’s economic growth rate has remained relatively low. In addition, Japan is subject to the risk of natural disasters, such as earthquakes and tsunamis.
Europe Risk. Decreasing imports or exports, changes in governmental or European Union (the “EU”) regulations on trade, changes in the exchange rate of the euro, the default or threat of default by an EU member country on its sovereign debt, and/or an economic recession in an EU member country may have a significant adverse effect on the securities of EU issuers. The European financial markets have recently experienced volatility and adversity due to concerns about withdrawal of member countries from the EU and economic downturns and rising government debt levels in several European countries. These events have adversely affected the exchange rate of the euro and may continue to significantly affect every country in Europe.
Large Capitalization Company Risk. The Fund’s investments in large capitalization companies may underperform other segments of the market because they may be less responsive to competitive challenges and opportunities and unable to attain high growth rates during periods of economic expansion.
Sector Focus Risk. To the extent that the Fund’s investments are focused on a particular industry or group of industries or sector, the Fund is subject to loss due to adverse occurrences that may affect that sector or group of industries or sector. Focusing on a particular sector or group of industries could increase the Fund’s volatility over the short term.
Small and Medium Capitalization Company Risk. Investing in securities of small and medium capitalization companies involves greater risk than customarily is associated with investing in larger, more established companies. These companies’ securities may be more volatile and less liquid than those of more established companies. Often, small and medium capitalization companies and the industries in which they focus are still evolving and, as a result, they may be more sensitive to changing market conditions. Small and medium capitalization companies may be particularly affected by interest rate increases, as they may find it more difficult to borrow money to continue or expand operations or may have difficulty in repaying any loans which are floating rate.
Depositary Receipts Risk. The risks of investments in depositary receipts are substantially similar to Foreign Investment Risks. In addition, depositary receipts may not track the price of the underlying foreign securities, and their value may change materially at times when the U.S. markets are not open for trading.
Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes that are based on quantitative stock selection rules and algorithms (the "quantitative investment process"). There can be no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective or that the quantitative investment process will produce the intended results. The Fund may be adversely affected by imperfections, errors or limitations in the construction or implementation of the quantitative investment process and/or the Adviser's ability to monitor and timely adjust the metrics or update the data or features underlying the quantitative investment process. Any of these factors could result in the Fund underperforming comparable investment vehicles.
Market Events Risk. The value of securities in the Fund's portfolio may decline due to daily fluctuations in the securities markets that are generally beyond the Fund's control, including the quality of the Fund's investments, economic conditions, adverse investor sentiment, poor management decisions, lower demand for a company's goods or services, and general market conditions. In a declining market, the prices for all securities (including those in the Fund's portfolio) may decline, regardless of their long-term prospects. Security values tend to move in cycles, with periods when
securities markets generally rise and periods when they generally decline. In addition, local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issue, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the Fund, its investments and the trading of its Shares. For example, an outbreak of an infectious respiratory illness, COVID-19, has resulted in travel restrictions, disruption of healthcare systems, prolonged quarantines, cancellations, supply chain disruptions, lower consumer demand, layoffs, ratings downgrades, defaults and other significant economic impacts. Certain markets have experienced temporary closures, extreme volatility, severe losses, reduced liquidity and increased trading costs. These events will have an impact on the Fund and its investments and could impact the Fund's ability to purchase or sell securities or cause increased premiums or discounts to the Fund's net asset value ("NAV"). The ongoing effects of COVID-19, and the length of its impact on the Fund or its investments, are unpredictable.

ETF Risk. As an ETF, the Fund is subject to the following risks:
Authorized Participants Concentration Risk. The Fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as Authorized Participants (“APs”). To the extent that those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, Shares may trade at a discount to NAV and possibly face delisting.
Flash Crash Risk. Sharp price declines in securities owned by the Fund may trigger trading halts, which may result in the Fund’s shares trading in the market at an increasingly large discount to NAV during part (or all) of a trading day. Shareholders could suffer significant losses to the extent that they sell Shares at these temporarily low market prices.
International Closed Markets Trading Risk. Because certain of the Fund’s investments trade in markets that are closed when the Fund and Exchange are open, there are likely to be deviations between the current prices of such investments and the prices at which such investments are valued by the Fund. As a result, Shares may appear to trade at a significant discount or premium to NAV.
Large Shareholder Risk. Certain shareholders, including the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser, or groups of related shareholders, such as those investing through one or more model portfolios, may own a substantial amount of the Fund’s Shares. Redemptions by large shareholders could have a significant negative impact on the Fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on the Exchange and may, therefore, have a material upward or downward effect on the market price of the Shares.
Premium-Discount Risk. Shares may trade above or below their NAV. Accordingly, investors may pay more than NAV when purchasing Shares or receive less than NAV when selling Shares. The market prices of Shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV, changes in the relative supply of, and demand for, Shares, and changes in the liquidity, or the perceived liquidity, of the Fund’s holdings.
Secondary Market Trading Risk. Investors buying or selling Shares in the secondary market may pay brokerage commissions or other charges, which may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell relatively small amounts of Shares. Although the Shares are listed on the Exchange, there can be no assurance that an active or liquid trading market for them will develop or be maintained. In addition, trading in Shares on the Exchange may be halted.
Investment Risk. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. When you sell your Shares, they could be worth less than what you paid for them.
Performance
The following performance information indicates some of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows the Fund’s performance for the calendar years ended December 31, 2019. The table illustrates how the Fund’s average annual returns for the 1-year and since inception periods compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. The Fund’s past performance, before and after taxes, does not necessarily indicate how it will perform in the future. Updated performance information is also available on the Fund’s website at www.trimtabsfunds.com.
Calendar Year Total Returns
cik0001604813-20200731_g2.jpg
For the year-to-date period ended September 30, 2020, the Fund’s total return was 1.90% During the period of time shown in the bar chart, the Fund’s highest quarterly return was 11.54% for the quarter ended March 31, 2019, and the lowest quarterly return was -15.61% for the quarter ended December 31, 2018.
Average Annual Total Returns For the Period Ended December 31, 2019
TrimTabs International Free Cash Flow Quality ETF1 Year
Since Inception
(6/27/2017)
Return Before Taxes24.04%4.46%
Return After Taxes on Distributions23.70%4.32%
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Shares14.83%3.57%
S&P Developed ex-U.S. BMI® Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)
22.11%5.66%
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates during the period covered by the table above and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Shares through tax advantaged arrangements such as an individual retirement account (“IRA”) or other tax-advantaged accounts.
TrimTabs All Cap U.S. Free-Cash-Flow ETF
TrimTabs U.S. Free Cash Flow Quality ETF
Investment Objective
The TrimTabs U.S. Free Cash Flow Quality ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to generate long-term returns in excess of the total return of the Russell 3000® Index (the “Index”), with less volatility than the Index.
Fees and Expenses
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold and sell Shares. You may also pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries on the purchase and sale of Shares, which are not reflected in the table or example below.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
Management Fee1
0.59%
Other Expenses0.00%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses0.59%
Example
The following example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. The example does not reflect any brokerage commissions that you may pay on purchases and sales of Shares.
Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
One YearThree YearsFive YearsTen Years
$60$189$329$738
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund may pay transaction costs, including commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 83% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”). To pursue its investment objective,
the Fund invests, under normal market circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in equity securities of companies from the United States. The Fund considers an issuer to be from the United States if: (i) its securities are organized under the laws of the United States or the issuer maintains its principal place of business in the United States; (ii) its securities are traded principally in the United States; or (iii) during the issuer's most recent fiscal year, it derived at least 50% of its revenues or profits from goods produced or sold, investments made, or services performed in the United States or has at least 50% of its assets in the United States. The Fund seeks to invest in stocks of any market capitalization that have fundamental characteristics, which TrimTabs Asset Management, LLC (the “Adviser”) believes are associated with superior long-term performance, based on the extensive historical research of the Adviser.
The Adviser designed the following quantitative stock selection rules to make allocation decisions and to seek to protect against dramatic over- or under-weighting of individual securities in the Fund’s portfolio.
Decile Rankings of Index Stocks. The Adviser employs a quantamental process using proprietary quantitative models to generate decile rankings (i.e., top 10%, top 20%, top 30%, etc.) for stocks included in the Index, which is based on the following criteria:
(1) Strong Free Cash Flow: based on proprietary measures of Free Cash Flow profitability and growth (Free Cash Flow (FCF) represents the cash that a company is able to generate after accounting for capital expenditures);
(2) High-Quality Balance Sheet: based on proprietary measures of quality, leverage and underlying trends;
(3) Actual Share Reduction: based on the relative decrease and trend in their outstanding shares over different periods in real-time.
The top decile of stocks ranked represent the companies with (1) the strongest proprietary Free Cash Flow rankings, (2) the highest proprietary balance sheet rankings, and (3) the largest share reduction rankings, respectively, based on the Adviser’s sequential layering process.

Stock Selection Algorithm. The Adviser uses a mathematical formula, known as an “algorithm,” to combine the three rankings into a single ranking for each stock (“combined ranking”).
The relative weight the algorithm gives to each factor essentially varies according to the degree of change of each of these factors for each individual company during the measurement period.
The Fund then normally invests equally in 80 to 120 stocks in the top 10% of stocks based on their combined ranking, subject to the Adviser’s determination that each stock is sufficiently liquid and the Adviser’s discretion to adjust allocations.
From time to time the Fund may focus its investment (i.e., invest more than 15% of its total assets) in one or more particular sectors. As of September 30, 2020, the Fund focuses its investments in the consumer discretionary and information technology sectors.
Principal Risks
An investment in the Fund involves risk, including those described below. There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. An investor may lose money by investing in the Fund.
Geographic Region Risk. Because the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in the U.S., the Fund will generally have more exposure to economic risks affecting the U.S. In the event of economic or political turmoil or a deterioration of diplomatic relations in the U.S., the Fund may experience substantial illiquidity or reduction in the value of the Fund’s investments. Adverse conditions in other countries whose economies appear to be unrelated can also adversely affect the Fund’s U.S. investments.
Equity Investing Risk. An investment in the Fund involves risks similar to those of investing in any fund holding equity securities, such as market fluctuations, changes in interest rates and perceived trends in stock prices. The values of equity securities could decline generally or could underperform other investments. In addition, securities may decline in value due to factors affecting a specific issuer, market or securities markets generally.
Sector Focus Risk. To the extent that the Fund’s investments are focused on a particular industry or group of industries or sector, the Fund is subject to loss due to adverse occurrences that may affect that sector or group of industries or sector. Focusing on a particular sector or group of industries could increase the Fund’s volatility over the short term.
Large Capitalization Company Risk. The Fund’s investments in large capitalization companies may underperform other segments of the market because they may be less responsive to competitive challenges and opportunities and unable to attain high growth rates during periods of economic expansion.
Small and Medium Capitalization Company Risk. Investing in securities of small and medium capitalization companies involves greater risk than customarily is associated with investing in larger, more established companies. These companies’ securities may be more volatile and less liquid than those of more established companies. Often, small and medium capitalization companies and the industries in which they focus are still evolving and, as a result, they may be more sensitive to changing market conditions. Small and medium capitalization companies may be particularly affected by interest rate increases, as they may find it more difficult to borrow money to continue or expand operations, or may have difficulty in repaying any loans which are floating rate.
Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes that are based on quantitative stock selection rules and algorithms (the "quantitative investment process"). There can be no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective or that the quantitative investment process will produce the intended results. The Fund may be adversely affected by imperfections, errors or limitations in the construction or implementation of the quantitative investment process and/or the Adviser's ability to monitor and timely adjust the metrics or update the data or features underlying the quantitative investment process. Any of these factors could result in the Fund underperforming comparable investment vehicles.
Market Events Risk. The value of securities in the Fund's portfolio may decline due to daily fluctuations in the securities markets that are generally beyond the Fund's control, including the quality of the Fund's investments, economic conditions, adverse investor sentiment, poor management decisions, lower demand for a company's goods or services, and general market conditions. In a declining market, the prices for all securities (including those in the Fund's portfolio) may decline, regardless of their long-term prospects. Security values tend to move in cycles, with periods when securities markets generally rise and periods when they generally decline. In addition, local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious illness or other public health issue, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on the Fund, its investments and the trading of its Shares. For example, an outbreak of an infectious respiratory illness, COVID-19, has
resulted in travel restrictions, disruption of healthcare systems, prolonged quarantines, cancellations, supply chain disruptions, lower consumer demand, layoffs, ratings downgrades, defaults and other significant economic impacts. Certain markets have experienced temporary closures, extreme volatility, severe losses, reduced liquidity and increased trading costs. These events will have an impact on the Fund and its investments and could impact the Fund's ability to purchase or sell securities or cause increased premiums or discounts to the Fund's net asset value ("NAV"). The ongoing effects of COVID-19, and the length of its impact on the Fund or its investments, are unpredictable.

ETF Risk. As an ETF, the Fund is subject to the following risks:
Authorized Participants Concentration Risk. The Fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as Authorized Participants (“APs”). To the extent that those APs exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders, Shares may trade at a discount to NAV and possibly face delisting.
Flash Crash Risk. Sharp price declines in securities owned by the Fund may trigger trading halts, which may result in the Fund’s shares trading in the market at an increasingly large discount to NAV during part (or all) of a trading day. Shareholders could suffer significant losses to the extent that they sell Shares at these temporarily low market prices.
Large Shareholder Risk. Certain shareholders, including the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser, or groups of related shareholders, such as those investing through one or more model portfolios, may own a substantial amount of the Fund’s Shares. Redemptions by large shareholders could have a significant negative impact on the Fund. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on the Exchange and may, therefore, have a material upward or downward effect on the market price of the Shares.
Premium-Discount Risk. Shares may trade above or below their NAV. Accordingly, investors may pay more than NAV when purchasing Shares or receive less than NAV when selling Shares. The market prices of Shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV, changes in the relative supply of, and demand for, Shares, and changes in the liquidity, or the perceived liquidity, of the Fund’s holdings.
Secondary Market Trading Risk. Investors buying or selling Shares in the secondary market may pay brokerage commissions or other charges, which may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell relatively small amounts of Shares. Although the Shares are listed on the Exchange, there can be no assurance that an active or liquid trading market for them will develop or be maintained. In addition, trading in Shares on the Exchange may be halted.
Investment Risk. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. When you sell your Shares, they could be worth less than what you paid for them.
Performance
The following performance information indicates some of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows the Fund’s performance for the calendar years ended December 31, 2019. The table illustrates how the Fund’s average annual returns for the 1-year and since inception periods compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. The Fund’s past performance, before and after taxes, does not necessarily indicate how it will perform in the future. Updated performance information is also available on the Fund’s website at www.trimtabsfunds.com.
Calendar Year Total Returns
cik0001604813-20200731_g3.jpg
For the year-to-date period ended September 30, 2020, the Fund’s total return was 4.63%. During the period of time shown in the bar chart, the Fund’s highest quarterly return was 12.89% for the quarter ended March 31, 2019, and the lowest quarterly return was -16.97% for the quarter ended December 31, 2018.
Average Annual Total Returns For the Period Ended December 31, 2019
TrimTabs U.S. Free Cash Flow Quality ETF1 Year
Since Inception
(9/27/2016)
Return Before Taxes25.95%15.63%
Return After Taxes on Distributions25.74%15.47%
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Shares15.52%12.32%
Russell 3000® Index
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)
31.02%14.92%
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates during the period covered by the table above and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. The “Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares” may be higher than other return figures because when a capital loss occurs upon redemption of portfolio shares, a tax deduction is provided that benefits the investor. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Shares through tax advantaged arrangements such as an individual retirement account (“IRA”) or other tax-advantaged accounts.