Fair Value of Financial Instruments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2016

Fair Value of Financial Instruments, Assets and Equity Investments

Financial Instruments Measured and Recognized at Fair Value

We estimate fair value at a price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the principal market for the asset or liability. Our valuation techniques require inputs that we categorize using a three level hierarchy, from highest to lowest level of observable inputs. Level 1 inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs are quoted prices or other market data for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs based upon our own judgment and assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. Classification of a financial asset or liability within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Other than the derivative instruments discussed in “Note 10 – Derivative Instruments,” we had no other material assets or liabilities measured and recognized at fair value on a recurring basis at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments

Our other financial instruments include short-term borrowings and long-term debt. The carrying value of our short-term borrowings approximates their fair value due to the short-term duration of the associated interest rate periods. These short-term borrowings are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

The fair value of our long-term debt fluctuates with changes in applicable interest rates among other factors. Fair value will generally exceed carrying value when the current market interest rate is lower than the interest rate at which the debt was originally issued and will generally be less than the carrying value when the market rate is greater than interest rate at which the debt was originally issued. The fair value of our long-term debt is classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy and is established based on observable inputs in less active markets.

The fair value and carrying value of our senior notes were as follows:



(Dollars in millions)	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
Fair value	$	6,104	$	5,095
Carrying value	6,490		6,099

Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements

During the second quarter of 2015, long-lived pressure pumping assets and an equity investment were impaired and written down to their estimated fair values. The Level 3 fair value of the long-lived assets was determined using a combination of the cost approach and the market approach, which used inputs that included replacement costs (unobservable), physical deterioration estimates (unobservable), and market sales data for comparable assets. The equity investment Level 3 fair value was determined using an income based approach utilizing estimates of future cash flow, discount rate, long-term growth rate, and marketability discount, all of which were unobservable.

During the second quarter of 2016, we adjusted the note from PDVSA to its estimated fair value. The Level 3 fair value was estimated based on unobservable pricing indications.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details