Derivative Instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivative Instruments

Derivative Instruments

From time to time, we may enter into derivative financial instrument transactions to manage or reduce our market risk. We manage our debt portfolio to achieve an overall desired position of fixed and floating rates, and we may employ interest rate swaps as a tool to achieve that goal. We enter into foreign currency forward contracts and cross-currency swap contracts to economically hedge our exposure to fluctuations in various foreign currencies. The major risks from interest rate derivatives include changes in the interest rates affecting the fair value of such instruments, potential increases in interest expense due to market increases in floating interest rates, changes in foreign exchange rates and the creditworthiness of the counterparties in such transactions.

In light of events in the global credit markets and the potential impact of these events on the liquidity of the banking industry, we continue to monitor the creditworthiness of our counterparties, which are multinational commercial banks. The fair values of all our outstanding derivative instruments are determined using a model with Level 2 inputs including quoted market prices for contracts with similar terms and maturity dates. Level 2 values for financial assets and liabilities are based on quoted prices in inactive markets, or whose values are based on models. Level 2 inputs to those models are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Fair Value Hedges

We may use interest rate swaps to help mitigate exposures related to changes in the fair values of the fixed-rate debt. The interest rate swap is recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. The carrying value of fixed-rate debt is also adjusted for changes in interest rates, with the changes in value recorded in earnings. After termination of the hedge, any discount or premium on the fixed-rate debt is amortized to interest expense over the remaining term of the debt.

 As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, we had net unamortized premiums on fixed-rate debt of $23 million and $33 million, respectively, associated with fair value hedge swap terminations. These premiums are being amortized over the remaining term of the originally hedged debt as a reduction of interest expense which are included in the line captioned “Interest Expense, Net” on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Cash Flow Hedges

In 2008, we entered into interest rate derivative instruments to hedge projected exposures to interest rates in anticipation of a debt offering. These hedges were terminated at the time of the issuance of the debt, and the associated loss is being amortized from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to interest expense over the remaining term of the debt. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, we had net unamortized losses of $10 million and $11 million, respectively, associated with our cash flow hedge terminations.

Foreign Currency Derivative Instruments

At December 31, 2015 and 2014, we had outstanding foreign currency forward contracts with total notional amounts aggregating $1.7 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively. The notional amounts of our foreign currency forward contracts do not generally represent amounts exchanged by the parties and thus are not a measure of the cash requirements related to these contracts or of any possible loss exposure. The amounts actually exchanged are calculated by reference to the notional amounts and by other terms of the derivative contracts, such as exchange rates.

Our foreign currency forward contracts and cross-currency swaps are not designated as hedges, and the changes in fair value of the contracts are recorded in current earnings each period in the line captioned “Other, Net” on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The total estimated fair values of these foreign currency forward contracts and amounts receivable or owed associated with closed foreign currency contracts and the total estimated fair value of our cross-currency contracts are as follows:

	December 31,
(Dollars in millions)	2015			2014			Classifications
Derivative assets not designated as hedges:
Foreign currency forward contracts	$	5		$	12		Other Current Assets
Derivative liabilities not designated as hedges:
Foreign currency forward contracts	(14		)	(17		)	Other Current Liabilities
Cross-currency swap contracts	—			(5		)	Other Liabilities

The amount of derivative instruments’ gain or (loss) on the Consolidated Statements of Operations is in the table below.

	Year Ended December 31,
(Dollars in millions)	2015			2014			2013			Classification
Foreign currency forward contracts	$	(115	)	$	(22	)	$	(12	)	Other, Net
Cross-currency swap contracts	13			16			13			Other, Net