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ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES (Policies)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 8-03 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments), which the Company considers necessary, for a fair presentation of those financial statements. The results of operations and cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 may not necessarily be indicative of results that may be expected for any succeeding quarter or for the entire fiscal year. The information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements of QPAGOS for the year ended December 31, 2016, included in the current report on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on April 17, 2017.

 

All amounts referred to in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are in United States Dollars ($) unless stated otherwise.

Principles of Consolidation
Principles of Consolidation

 

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary and its indirect subsidiaries. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements. The entities included in these consolidated financial statements are as follows:

 

QPAGOS – Parent Company

Qpagos Corporation – 100% owned

Qpagos, S.A.P.I de C.V., a Mexican entity (99.996% owned)

Redpag Electrónicos, S.A.P.I. de C.V., a Mexican entity (99.990% owned)

Mexican Operations
  c) Mexican Operations

  

The financial statements of the Company’s Mexican operations are measured using local currencies as their functional currencies. 

 

The Company translates the assets and liabilities of its Mexican subsidiaries at the exchange rates in effect at year end and the results of operations at the average rate throughout the year. The translation adjustments are recorded directly as a separate component of stockholders’ equity, while transaction gains (losses) are included in net income (loss). All sales to customers are in Mexico.

Use of Estimates
  d) Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions, which are evaluated on an ongoing basis, that affect the amounts reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the amounts of revenues and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those estimates and judgments. In particular, significant estimates and judgments include those related to: the estimated useful lives for plant and equipment, the fair value of warrants and stock options granted for services or compensation, estimates of the probability and potential magnitude of contingent liabilities, derivative liabilities, the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets due to continuing operating losses, those related to revenue recognition and the allowance for doubtful accounts. 

 

Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the consolidated financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate could change in the near-term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from our estimates.

Contingencies
  e) Contingencies

 

Certain conditions may exist as of the date the financial statements are issued, which may result in a loss to the Company but which will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. 

 

The Company’s management assesses such contingent liabilities, and such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. 

 

If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability would be accrued in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. If the assessment indicates that a potential material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss if determinable and material would be disclosed. Loss contingencies considered to be remote by management are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the guarantee would be disclosed.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments
  f) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The Company adopted the guidance of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820 for fair value measurements which clarifies the definition of fair value, prescribes methods for measuring fair value, and establishes a fair value hierarchy to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

 

Level 1-Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities available at the measurement date.

 

Level 2-Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.

 

Level 3-Inputs are unobservable inputs which reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions on what assumptions the market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best available information.

 

The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for cash, accounts receivable, other current assets, other assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and notes payable, approximate fair value due to the relatively short period to maturity for these instruments. The Company did not identify any other assets or liabilities that are required to be presented on the balance sheets at fair value in accordance with the accounting guidance.

 

ASC 825-10 “Financial Instruments” allows entities to voluntarily choose to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value (fair value option). The fair value option may be elected on an instrument-by-instrument basis and is irrevocable, unless a new election date occurs. If the fair value option is elected for an instrument, unrealized gains and losses for that instrument should be reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. The Company did not elect to apply the fair value option to any outstanding instruments.

Risks and Uncertainties
  g) Risks and Uncertainties

 

The Company’s operations will be subject to significant risk and uncertainties including financial, operational, regulatory and other risks associated, including the potential risk of business failure. The recent global economic crisis has caused a general tightening in the credit markets, lower levels of liquidity, increases in the rates of default and bankruptcy, and extreme volatility in credit, equity and fixed income markets. These conditions not only limit the Company’s access to capital, but also make it difficult for its customers, vendors and the Company to accurately forecast and plan future business activities.

 

The Company’s operations are carried out in Mexico. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environment in Mexico and by the general state of that economy. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
  h) Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In July 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. (“ASU’’) 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480) and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815). The amendments in this Update provide guidance about:

 

  1. Accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features

 

  2. Replacement of the indefinite deferral for mandatorily redeemable financial instruments of certain non-public entities and certain non-controlling interests

 

The amendments in Part I of this Update change the classification analysis of certain equity-linked financial instruments (or embedded features) with down round features. When determining whether certain financial instruments should be classified as liabilities or equity instruments, a down round feature no longer precludes equity classification when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to an entity’s own stock. The amendments also clarify existing disclosure requirements for equity-classified instruments. As a result, a freestanding equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded conversion option) no longer would be accounted for as a derivative liability at fair value as a result of the existence of a down round feature. For freestanding equity classified financial instruments, the amendments require entities that present earnings per share (EPS) in accordance with Topic 260 to recognize the effect of the down round feature when it is triggered. That effect is treated as a dividend and as a reduction of income available to common shareholders in basic EPS. Convertible instruments with embedded conversion options that have down round features are now subject to the specialized guidance for contingent beneficial conversion features (in Subtopic 470-20, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options), including related EPS guidance (in Topic 260).

 

The amendments in Part II of this Update recharacterize the indefinite deferral of certain provisions of Topic 480 that now are presented as pending content in the Codification, to a scope exception. Those amendments do not have an accounting effect.

 

The amendments in Part I of this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted for all entities, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. The amendments in Part 1 of this Update should be applied in either of the following ways: 1. Retrospectively to outstanding financial instruments with a down round feature by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the statement of financial position as of the beginning of the first fiscal year and interim period(s) in which the pending content that links to this paragraph is effective 2. Retrospectively to outstanding financial instruments with a down round feature for each prior reporting period presented in accordance with the guidance on accounting changes in paragraphs 250-10-45-5 through 45-10.

 

The amendments in Part II of this Update do not require any transition guidance because those amendments do not have an accounting effect.

 

The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging, an amendment to Topic 815. The amendments in this Update better align an entity’s risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedge results. To meet that objective, the amendments expand and refine hedge accounting for both nonfinancial and financial risk components 2 and align the recognition and presentation of the effects of the hedging instrument and the hedged item in the financial statements. The amendments in this Update require an entity to present the earnings effect of the hedging instrument in the same income statement line item in which the earnings effect of the hedged item is reported.

 

The amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is permitted in any interim period after issuance of the Update. All transition requirements and elections should be applied to hedging relationships existing (that is, hedging relationships in which the hedging instrument has not expired, been sold, terminated, or exercised or the entity has not removed the designation of the hedging relationship) on the date of adoption. The effect of adoption should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In September 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-13, Revenue Recognition (Topic 605), Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), Leases (Topic 840), and Leases (Topic 842). The amendments in this ASU deals with the transition and effective dates of implementing to ASU 2014-09, Revenue from contracts with customers, ASU 2016-08, Revenue from contracts with customers, principal versus agent considerations, ASU 2016-10, revenues from contacts with customers; identifying performance obligations and licensing, ASU 2016-12, revenues from contacts with customers, narrow scope improvements and practical expedients, 2016-20, technical corrections and improvements and ASU 2017-05, other income, gains and losses from the derecognition of non-financial assets.

 

The transition provisions require adoption of Topic 606 for annual reporting periods commencing after December 15, 2017 and the adoption of Topic 842 for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 for public business entities, if the requirements of a public business entity as defined in ASU 2017-122 are not met, may adopt Topic 606 for annual reporting periods commencing after December 15, 2018 and for Topic 842 for annual reporting periods commencing after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted of both Topics. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.

 

Any new accounting standards, not disclosed above, that have been issued or proposed by FASB that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the financial statements upon adoption. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents
  i) Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, the Company had no cash equivalents.

 

The Company assesses credit risk associated with cash by periodically evaluating the credit quality of its primary financial institution in the United States. The balance at times may exceed federally insured limits. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, cash balances in the United States did not exceed the federally insured limit.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
  j) Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

Accounts receivable are reported at realizable value, net of allowances for doubtful accounts, which is estimated and recorded in the period the related revenue is recorded. The Company has a standardized approach to estimate and review the collectability of its receivables based on a number of factors, including the period they have been outstanding. Historical collection and payer reimbursement experience is an integral part of the estimation process related to allowances for doubtful accounts. In addition, the Company regularly assesses the state of its billing operations in order to identify issues, which may impact the collectability of these receivables or reserve estimates. Revisions to the allowance for doubtful accounts estimates are recorded as an adjustment to bad debt expense. Receivables deemed uncollectible are charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts at the time such receivables are written-off. Recoveries of receivables previously written-off are recorded as credits to the allowance for doubtful accounts. There were no recoveries during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Cost Method Investments
Cost Method Investments

 

Investee companies not accounted for under the consolidation or the equity method are accounted for under the cost method of accounting. Under this method, the Company’s share of earnings or losses of such investee companies is not included in the condensed consolidated balance sheet or statement of operations and comprehensive loss. However, impairment charges are recognized in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. If circumstances suggest that the value of the investee company has subsequently recovered, such recovery is not recorded. There is no impairment of investment at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

Inventory
Inventory

 

The Company primarily values inventories at net realizable value applied on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company identifies and writes down its excess and obsolete inventories to net realizable value based on usage forecasts, order volume and inventory aging. With the development of new products, the Company also rationalizes its product offerings and will write-down discontinued product to the lower of cost or net realizable value.

Advances received from customers
  m) Advances received from customers

 

Other than the sale of kiosks to customers, the provision of services through our kiosks is conducted on a cash basis. Customers are required to deposit cash with the Company to meet anticipated demand for services provided through kiosks either owned or operated by them. The services provided through the customer owned or operated kiosks are deducted from the deposits held on their behalf, the Company requires that these deposits be replenished as and when the services are provided.

Revenue Recognition
  n) Revenue Recognition

 

The Company’s revenue recognition policy is consistent with the requirements of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 605, Revenue Recognition (ASC 605). In general, the Company records revenue when it is realized, or realizable and earned. The Company considers revenue to be realized, or realizable and earned when, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the products or services have been approved by the customer after delivery and/or installation acceptance or performance of services; the sales price is fixed or determinable within the contract; and collectability is reasonably assured.

 

The Company has the following sources of revenue which is recognized on the basis described below.

 

  Revenue from the sale of services.

 

Prepaid services are acquired from providers and is sold to end-users through kiosks that the Company owns or kiosks that are owned by third parties. The Company recognizes the revenue on the sale of these services when the end-user deposits funds into the terminal and the prepaid service is delivered to the end-user. The revenue is recognized at the gross value, including margin, of the prepaid service to the Company, net of any value-added tax which is collected on behalf of the Mexican Revenue Authorities.

 

  Payment processing provided to end-users

 

The Company provides a secure means for end-users to pay for certain services, such as utilities through our kiosks. The Company earns either a fixed per-transaction fee or a fixed percentage of the service sold. The Company acts as a collection agent and recognizes the payment processing fee, net of any value-added taxes collected on behalf of the Mexican Revenue Authorities, when the funds are deposited into the kiosk and the customer has settled his liability or has acquired a prepaid service.

 

  Revenue from the sale of kiosks.

 

The Company imports, assembles and sell kiosks that are used to generate the revenues discussed above. Revenue is recognized on the full value of the kiosks sold, net of any valued added taxation collected on behalf of the Mexican Revenue Authorities, when the customer takes delivery of the kiosk and all the risks and rewards of ownership are passed to the customer.

 

The Company does not enter into any leasing of kiosks arrangements with customers and the Company does not generate any revenues from merchants who access its terminals as yet.