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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) - USD ($)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Cash Flows from Operating activities:    
Net loss $ (6,656,039) $ (7,021,123)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash    
Stock-based compensation expense 518,624 986,132
Depreciation expense 512,332 550,640
Amortization of mining rights 303,918 307,294
Accretion expense 248,291 249,016
Amortization of finance right-to-use assets - related party 126,296 0
Amortization of issuance costs and debt discount 28,912 25,407
Investment in other entities - Related Parties, net 10,866 214,975
Gain on sale of equipment 0 (400,000)
Issuance of common shares for services 0 43,800
Unrealized gain on short-term investments 4,455 26,819
Change in current assets and liabilities:    
Receivables (30,630) 0
Interest receivable 0 (47,542)
Due from related party (40,000) 0
Inventories (118,300) 0
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 18,619 (11,251)
Trade and non-trade payable 1,528,575 (254,784)
Accounts payable related party (54,639) 763,054
Accrued expenses (57,499) (244,116)
Accrued litigation settlement 59,177 59,835
Accrued interest 2,429,722 0
Accrued interest on finance lease liability - related party 90,488 0
Operating lease assets and liabilities, net 3,916 (21,945)
Operating lease assets and liabilities, net - related party (361,935) 23,752
Cash used in operating activities (1,434,850) (4,750,471)
Cash Flows from Investing activities:    
Purchase of property and equipment, net of capitalized interest income and (expense) 158,499 (882,426)
Restricted investments purchased (298,958) (143,425,715)
Proceeds from maturity of restricted investments 151,205,321 0
Proceeds from sale of equipment 0 400,000
Proceeds from short-term investments, net 582,903 103,444
Cash used in provided by investing activities 151,647,765 (143,804,697)
Cash Flows from Financing activities:    
Proceeds from convertible promissory note - related party 0 142,471
Proceeds from convertible promissory note 1,450,000 0
Proceeds received from other financing obligation 0 72,402
Proceeds from the exercise of stock option 0 156,898
Proceeds from tax exempt bonds, net 0 149,719,203
Repayments of other financing obligation (1,373,201) (1,857,897)
Cash provided by financing activities 76,799 148,233,077
Increase (decrease) in cash 150,289,714 (322,091)
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, beginning of period 4,113,329 5,077,560
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, end of period 154,403,043 4,755,469
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION    
Common stock issued to settle accounts payable and accrued expenses 1,544,103 0
Acquisition of PPE through convertible promissory note - related party   53,664
Dividend-in-kind of Novustera, Inc. common stock to shareholders $ 0 $ 1,361,788