Summary of significant accounting policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Summary of significant accounting policies

2.1Basis of preparation

The Company prepared these unaudited consolidated financial statements in compliance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the SEC regarding interim financial reporting. Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to authoritative U.S. GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”).

The unaudited consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars, except where otherwise indicated. Transactions denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars are presented in the transaction currency with the U.S. dollar amount included in parenthesis, converted at the foreign exchange rate as of the transaction date.

Use of estimates

2.3Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Recent accounting pronouncements

2.5Recent accounting pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Effective January 1, 2018 the Company adopted new revenue recognition policies in accordance with ASC 606. The new revenue recognition policies replace the existing policies in accordance with ASC 605. The Company elected to implement ASC 606 by applying it to active collaboration arrangements as of January 1, 2018 and to record a cumulative adjustment of revenue previously recognized to the accumulated loss as of December 31, 2017. The impact of implementing ASC 606 is summarized below:

Recognized $2.5 million and $7.1 million of license revenue during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively related to the collaboration with BMS compared to $1.0 million and $3.2 million, respectively, that would have been recognized in accordance with the previous revenue recognition policies;

Continued to present revenue recognized during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, in accordance with the previous revenue recognition policies;

Decreased the accumulated loss by $24.9 million as of January 1, 2018 and decreased deferred revenue as of the same date by $24.9 million.

In accordance with the previous revenue recognition policies the Company had concluded that the BMS collaboration agreement consisted of three performance obligations, (i) technology (license and target selections), know‑how and manufacturing in the field of gene therapy and development and active contribution to the development through the joint steering committee participations, (ii) provision of employees, goods and services for research, and (iii) clinical and commercial manufacturing. The Company determined that these three performance obligations are substantially identical with the performance obligations in accordance with its new revenue recognition policies:

(i)

Providing access to its technology and know-how in the field of gene therapy as well as actively contributing to the target selection, the collaboration as a whole, the development during the target selection, the pre-clinical and the clinical phase through participating in joint steering committee and other governing bodies (“License Revenue”);

(ii)

Providing pre-clinical research activities (“Collaboration Revenue”); and

(iii)

Providing clinical and commercial manufacturing services for products (“Manufacturing Revenue”).

License Revenue

The Company previously recognized License Revenue over the expected performance period on a straight-line basis commencing on May 21, 2015. The Company now recognizes License Revenue over the expected performance period based on its progress toward the completion of its services (see note 4 for a detailed discussion).

Collaboration and Manufacturing Revenue

The adoption of the new revenue recognition policies did not materially impact the recognition of Collaboration or Manufacturing Revenue.

ASU 2017-09: Compensation (topic 718)- scope of modification accounting

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation-stock compensation (topic 718) -- scope of modification accounting (“ASU 2017-09”), which provides clarity regarding the applicability of modification accounting in relation to share-based payment awards. Under the new guidance, modification accounting is required only if the fair value, the vesting conditions, or the classification of the award (as equity or liability) changes as a result of the change in terms or conditions. The standard became effective on January 1, 2018 and needs to be applied prospectively. Application of ASU 2017-09 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements in the three or nine month period ended September 30, 2018.

ASU 2016-05: Derivatives and Hedging: Effect of Derivative Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-05, Derivatives and Hedging: Effect of Derivative Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships (“ASU 2016-05”) and ASU 2016-06, Derivatives and Hedging: Contingent Put and Call Options in Debt Instruments. Both ASUs address issues regarding hedge accounting. Application of the standard was effective on January 1, 2018 and did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements in the three or nine month period ended September 30, 2018.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Effective

There have been no new accounting pronouncements or changes to accounting pronouncements during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, as compared to the recent accounting pronouncements described in Note 2.3.23 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, which could be expected to materially impact the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements except the one discussed below:

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). Under the new guidance, lessees will be required to recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from operating leases. A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. Lessees and lessors are required to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2019 and early application is permitted. The Company does expect ASU 2016-02 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements, primarily from recognition of a right-of-use asset and lease liability in the balance sheet and a shift of cash outflows from operating activities to financing activities.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) which modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. The effective date for the standard is fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, which for the Company is January 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The new disclosure requirements for changes in unrealized gains and losses in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 measurements, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs and the amended requirements for the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively. The Company does not expect ASU 2018-13 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements