10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2018

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 001-36570

ZOSANO PHARMA CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	45-4488360
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

34790 Ardentech Court

Fremont, CA 94555

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(510) 745-1200

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	☒
Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

As of August 2, 2018, the registrant had a total of 11,973,039 shares of its common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, outstanding.

Zosano Pharma Corporation

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

INDEX

		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION			3
Item 1.	Financial Statements		3
	Condensed Balance Sheets		3
	Condensed Statements of Operations		4
	Condensed Statements of Cash Flows		5
	Notes to Condensed Financial Statements		6
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		15
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		22
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures		22
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION			22
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings		22
Item 1A	Risk Factors		22
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		23
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities		23
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures		23
Item 5.	Other Information		23
Item 6.	Exhibits		23
SIGNATURES			24

2

ZOSANO PHARMA CORPORATION

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except par value and share amounts)

	June 30,			December 31,
	2018			2017
	(unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	16,197		$	11,651
Short-term investments in marketable securities at fair value		21,441			—
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		869			1,742
Total current assets		38,507			13,393
Restricted cash		35			35
Property and equipment, net		6,132			4,152
Other long-term assets		552			420
Total assets	$	45,226		$	18,000
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	2,391		$	1,511
Accrued compensation		1,434			1,571
Deferred revenue		62			—
Secured promissory note (including accrued interest), net of issuance costs		3,600			6,687
Other accrued liabilities		741			688
Total current liabilities		8,228			10,457
Deferred rent		918			495
Total liabilities		9,146			10,952
Commitments and contingencies (note 6)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017; none issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017		—			—
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 250,000,000 and 100,000,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively; 11,973,039 and 1,973,039 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively		1			—
Additional paid-in capital		278,995			232,922
Accumulated deficit		(242,916	)		(225,874	)
Stockholders’ equity		36,080			7,048
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	45,226		$	18,000

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

3

ZOSANO PHARMA CORPORATION

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(unaudited; in thousands, except per share amounts)

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Revenue	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
Operating expenses:
Research and development		6,533			4,363			12,339			8,989
General and administrative		2,272			2,188			4,532			4,310
Total operating expenses		8,805			6,551			16,871			13,299
Loss from operations		(8,805	)		(6,551	)		(16,871	)		(13,299	)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense, net		(33	)		(207	)		(174	)		(454	)
Other income, net		2			12			3			10
Net loss	$	(8,836	)	$	(6,746	)	$	(17,042	)	$	(13,743	)
Net loss per common share – basic and diluted	$	(0.75	)	$	(3.44	)	$	(2.47	)	$	(9.22	)
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per common share – basic and diluted		11,753			1,960			6,890			1,491

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

4

ZOSANO PHARMA CORPORATION

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited; in thousands)

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(17,042	)	$	(13,743	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		391			1,261
Stock-based compensation		469			416
Gain on sale of equipment		—			(13	)
Gross unrealized losses of marketable securities		14			—
Amortization of debt discount/accretion of premium		(5	)		(11	)
Accretion of interest		36			48
Deferred rent		515			75
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Interest receivable		56			—
Prepaid expenses and other assets		579			(1,156	)
Accounts payable		615			(236	)
Accrued compensation and other accrued liabilities		(83	)		(766	)
Deferred revenue		62			—
Net cash used in operating activities		(14,393	)		(14,125	)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment		(2,106	)		(625	)
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment		—			22
Purchase of marketable securities		(37,475	)		(7,071	)
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities		16,000			—
Net cash used in investing activities		(23,581	)		(7,674	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from public offering of securities, net of underwriting commissions, discounts and other offering costs		45,603			26,623
Proceeds from exercise of warrants and issuance of common stock		—			4,041
Payment of loan principal		(3,083	)		(2,846	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and issuance of common stock		—			137
Net cash provided by financing activities		42,520			27,955
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		4,546			6,156
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		11,686			15,038
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	16,232		$	21,194
Supplemental cash flow information:
Interest paid	$	203		$	540
Acquisition of property and equipment under accounts payable	$	264		$	7
Offering costs accrued but not yet paid	$	98		$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

5

Zosano Pharma Corporation

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

June 30, 2018

(unaudited)

1. Organization and Basis of Presentation

The Company

Zosano Pharma Corporation (the “Company”) is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company focused on providing rapid systemic administration of therapeutics to patients using our proprietary Adhesive Dermally-Applied Microarray, or ADAM™, technology. In February 2017, the Company announced positive results from its ZOTRIP pivotal efficacy trial, or ZOTRIP trial, that evaluated M207, which is its proprietary formulation of zolmitriptan delivered via the Company’s ADAM technology, as an acute treatment for migraine. The Company is focused on developing products where rapid administration of established molecules with known safety and efficacy profiles provides an increased benefit to patients, for markets where patients remain underserved by existing therapies. The Company anticipates that many of our current and future development programs may enable the Company to utilize a regulatory pathway that would streamline clinical development and accelerate the path towards commercialization.

Basis of Presentation

The condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, the instructions to Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X. They do not include all the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the six months ended June 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2018, or any other subsequent period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017, included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K and filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filed March 12, 2018.

On January 23, 2018, the Company’s stockholders approved an increase to the number of authorized shares of the Company’s common stock from 100,000,000 to 250,000,000 shares. On January 23, 2018, the board of directors approved a 1-for-20 reverse stock split of our outstanding common stock, which was effected on January 25, 2018. At the effective time, every twenty shares of common stock issued and outstanding were automatically combined into one share of issued and outstanding common stock. The par value of the Company’s stock remained unchanged at $0.0001 per share. No fractional shares of our common stock were issued in the reverse stock split, but in lieu thereof, each holder of common stock who would otherwise have been entitled to a fraction of a share in the reverse stock split received a cash payment. In addition, by reducing the number of the Company’s outstanding shares, its loss per share in all prior periods increased by a factor of twenty. A proportionate adjustment was also made to the per share exercise price and the number of shares issuable upon the exercise of its outstanding equity awards, options and warrants to purchase shares of its common stock and to the number of shares reserved for issuance pursuant to its equity incentive compensation plans. The reverse stock split affected all stockholders uniformly. As a result of the reverse stock split, the number of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock as of January 25, 2018 decreased from 39,460,931 (pre-split) shares to 1,973,039 (post-split) shares. Unless otherwise noted, all share and per share information included in the financial statements have been retroactively adjusted to give effect to the reverse stock split.

Liquidity

As of June 30, 2018, the Company has an accumulated deficit of $242.9 million, as well as recurring operating losses and negative cash flows from operating activities. Cash and cash equivalents at June 30, 2018 were approximately $16.2 million and short-term investments of $21.4 million. On April 3, 2018, the Company closed a public offering of 10,000,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $5.00 per share. The Company received gross proceeds of $50.0 million and approximately $45.6 million of net proceeds from the offering and plans to use the net proceeds from the offering to complete the long-term safety study of M207, and for working capital and general corporate purposes. The Company believes the completion of the public offering will allow it to continue executing on the timely filing of its NDA for M207, which it expects will occur in the fourth quarter of 2019. We expect cash and cash equivalents and investments will be sufficient to enable us to fund our anticipated level of operations based on our current operating plans beyond twelve months following the date of issuance of this Quarterly Report on From 10-Q.

6

The Company has financed its operations through the sale of equity securities and debt financing. To date, none of the Company’s product candidates have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for sale. The Company will continue to require additional financing to develop its product candidate, develop additional product candidates and fund operating losses. Management intends to seek capital to support the Company’s initiatives through financing activities such as public or private offerings of its common stock, and/or preferred stock offerings, issuances of debt and convertible debt instruments and collaborative or other arrangements with corporate partners. However, if such financing is not available at adequate levels or on acceptable terms, the Company could be required to significantly reduce its operating expenses and delay, reduce the scope of or eliminate some of its development programs, out-license intellectual property rights, or a combination of the above, which may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and/or its ability to meet its scheduled obligations on a timely basis, if at all.

The Company will continue to evaluate its timelines, strategic needs, and balance sheet requirements. There can be no assurance that if the Company attempts to raise additional capital, it will be successful in doing so on terms acceptable to the Company, or at all. Further there can be no assurance that it will be able to gain access and/or be able to execute on securing new sources of funding, new development opportunities, successfully obtain regulatory approvals for and commercialize new products, achieve significant product revenues from its products, or achieve or sustain profitability in the future.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies during the six months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to the significant accounting policies described in Note 2 of the “Notes to Financial Statements” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the accompanying condensed financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to amounts shown in the statement of cash flows in thousand:

	June 30,
	2018		2017
Cash and cash equivalents	$	16,197	$	21,159
Restricted cash		35		35
	$	16,232	$	21,194

Restricted Cash

The Company’s restricted cash consists of funds set aside by a contractual pledge and security agreement with a bank whereby $35,000 is held as a security for corporate purchasing cards.

Marketable Securities

The Company classifies its investments in marketable securities as available-for sale. Investments with original maturities between three and twelve (12) months are considered short-term investments. Investments with original maturities greater than 12 months are considered long-term investments. The Company’s investments that are classified as available-for-sale are recorded at fair value based upon quoted market prices at period end. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded in earnings. Realized gains and losses are included in earnings and are derived using the specific identification method for determining the cost of investments sold.

7

Fair Value Instruments

The Company records its financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the reporting date. The accounting guidance establishes a three-tiered hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value as follows:

• Level 1: Inputs which include quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

• Level 2: Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

• Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable, approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value of the Company’s short-term notes payable approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing are consistent with current market rates and the duration to maturity is short.

Revenue

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. In accordance with ASC Topic 606, the Company recognizes revenue when the customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which it expects to receive in exchange for those goods and services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company deems are within the scope of ASC Topic 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) calculate transfer price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligation in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists of amounts related to fees resulting from feasibility research projects received prior to satisfying the revenue recognition criteria (see, Revenue) and are recognized as deferred revenue in our balance sheet. Amounts are recognized as revenue upon satisfaction of the performance obligation as prescribed under ASC Topic 606.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred and consist of costs related to (i) furthering the Company’s research and development efforts, and (ii) designing and manufacturing products that incorporate the Company’s ADAM technology for the Company’s clinical and nonclinical studies.

Net Loss Per Common Share

Basic net loss per common share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive common stock equivalents. Diluted earnings per common share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding for the period. For purposes of this calculation, warrants and options to purchase common stock are considered potentially dilutive common stock equivalents. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, diluted net loss per common share was the same as basic net loss per common share since the effect of inclusion of potentially dilutive common stock equivalents would have an antidilutive effect due to the loss reported. The following outstanding common stock equivalents were excluded from the computations of diluted net loss per common share for the periods presented as the effect of including such securities would be antidilutive:

	June 30,
	2018		2017
Warrants to purchase common stock		199,524		347,311
Options to purchase common stock		1,186,318		109,173
		1,385,842		456,484

8

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718); Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting which aligned certain aspects of share-based payments accounting between employees and non-employees. Specifically nonemployee share-based payment awards within the scope of Topic 718 are measured at grant-date fair value of the equity instruments that an entity is obligated to issue when the good has been delivered or the service has been rendered and any other conditions necessary to earn the right to benefit from the instruments have been satisfied and an entity considers the probability of satisfying performance conditions when nonemployee share-based payment awards contain such conditions. ASU No. 2018-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than an entity’s adoption date of Topic 606. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2018-07 to determine the impact to its condensed financial statements and related disclosures.

In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), (Part I) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception, which allows for the exclusion of a down round feature, when evaluating whether or not an instrument or embedded feature requires derivative classification. ASU No. 2017-11 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2017-11 to determine the impact to its condensed financial statements and related disclosures.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This new guidance is intended to present credit losses on available for sale debt securities as an allowance rather than as a write-down. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual reporting periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Adoption of ASU 2016-13 is not expected to have a significant impact in the Company’s financial statements and disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. Under the new guidance, lessees will be required to recognize substantially all leases on the balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and recognize a corresponding lease liability. The accounting applied by a lessor is largely unchanged from that applied under previous U.S. GAAP. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard on our financial position, results of operation or cash flows.

3. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments in Marketable Securities

As June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, cash, cash equivalent, and investments in marketable securities, comprised of funds in depository, money market accounts, U.S. treasury securities, commercial paper, and corporate bonds. The Company classifies all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase as cash equivalents. The following table presents cash equivalents and investments carried at fair value in accordance with the fair value hierarchy defined in Note 2.

			Fair Value Measurements
			Quoted prices in active market Level I		Significant other observable inputs Level II		Significant unobservable inputs Level III
	(unaudited; in thousands)
As of June 30, 2018:
Cash and restricted cash, included in cash equivalents (1)	$	1,893
	Total
Money market funds, included in cash equivalents		5,109		5,109		—		—
Commercial paper, included in cash equivalents		5,733		—		5,733		—
U.S. treasuries, included in cash equivalents		1,000		1,000		—		—
U.S. government agencies, included in cash equivalents		2,497		—		2,497		—
Commercial paper		5,205		—		5,205		—
Corporate notes and bonds		6,482		—		6,482		—
U.S. treasuries		9,754		9,754		—		—
Total	$	35,780	$	15,863	$	19,917		—
As of December 31, 2017:
Cash and restricted cash, included in cash equivalents (1)	$	4,587
	Total
Money market funds, included in cash equivalents		6,414		6,414		—		—
U.S. government agencies, included in cash equivalents		650		—		650		—
Total	$	7,064	$	6,414	$	650		—

(1) Not subject to leveling

9

As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 available-for-sale investments are detailed as follows:

	June 30, 2018
	Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
	(unaudited; in thousands)
Commercial paper	$	10,943		—		(5	)	$	10,938
Corporate notes and bonds		6,489		—		(7	)		6,482
U.S. Treasuries		10,756		—		(2	)		10,754
U.S. Government agencies		2,497		—		—			2,497
	$	30,685	$	—	$	(14	)	$	30,671
	December 31, 2017
	Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
	(in thousands)
U.S. government agency bonds	$	650		—		—		$	650
	$	650	$	—	$	—		$	650

4. Property and Equipment

The following summarizes the Company’s property and equipment for each of the periods presented:

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	(unaudited; in thousands)
Laboratory and office equipment	$	1,343		$	1,159
Manufacturing equipment		10,423			10,387
Computer equipment and software		223			209
Leasehold improvements		16,460			15,660
Construction in progress		3,637			2,351
		32,086			29,766
Less: accumulated depreciation		(25,954	)		(25,614	)
	$	6,132		$	4,152

10

Depreciation and amortization expense was approximately $0.2 million and $0.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense was $0.4 million and $1.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

5. Debt Financing

Senior Secured Term Loan with Hercules

The Company entered into a loan and security agreement with Hercules Capital Inc, (“Hercules”). Hercules provided the Company a $15 million loan (“Hercules Term Loan”) of which equal installment payments of principal and interest are due monthly, with all outstanding amounts due and payable on December 1, 2018. The Hercules Term Loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to the greater of (i) 7.95%, or (ii) 7.95% plus the prime rate as quoted in the Wall Street Journal minus 5.25%. The interest rate on the Hercules Term Loan was 7.95% as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. On June 1, 2017, the Company paid a $100,000 legacy end of term charge and is required to pay a $351,135 end of term charge on the earlier of loan maturity or at the date the Company prepays the Hercules Term Loan. The Company may prepay all, but not less than all, of the Hercules Term Loan with no prepayment charge. The Hercules Term Loan is secured by a first priority security interest and lien in and to all of the Company’s tangible and intangible properties and assets, including intellectual properties.

The following is a summary of the Company’s debt, net of unamortized debt discount and issuance costs for the periods presented:

	June 30,			December 31,
	2018			2017
	(unaudited; in thousands)
Principal amount	$	3,233		$	6,316
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs		(2	)		(10	)
unamortized fair value of free standing warrant		(4	)		(18	)
Plus: unamortized fair value debt premium		8			35
accrued terminal interest		344			320
accrued interest		21			44
Secured promissory note, net of unamortized debt issuance cost and premium, current	$	3,600		$	6,687

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recorded total interest expense of $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company recorded interest expense of $0.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively, related to the Hercules Term Loan.

6. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is not party to any material pending legal proceedings. However, the Company may from time to time become involved in litigation relating to claims arising in the ordinary course of business.

Operating lease

The Company has an operating lease with BMR-34790 Ardentech Court LP, an affiliate of BMR Holdings and related party, for its office, research and development, and manufacturing facilities in Fremont, California. On June 6, 2017, the Company entered into the seventh amendment to the existing lease (“Seventh Amendment”), effective as of May 30, 2017. The Company entered into the eighth amendment to the existing lease (“Eight Amendment”), effective as of May 30, 2018.

Under the Seventh Amendment, the Company extended the term of the lease for the Company’s headquarters in Fremont, California through August 31, 2024, with an option to further extend the lease for an additional 65 months, subject to certain terms and conditions. The Company has agreed to pay a monthly base rent of $136,191 for the period commencing September 1, 2017, and ending on August 31, 2018, with an increase on September 1, 2018, and annual increases on September 1 of each subsequent year until the lease year beginning September 1, 2023. The Seventh Amendment also provides for rent abatements, subject to certain conditions, totaling $275,552 and certain tenant improvements to be completed at the Landlord’s expense (not to exceed $975,000 or, under certain conditions, $1,100,000). The Company will incur additional expense of approximately $0.4 million under the lease in connection with roof repairs that will be treated as additional rent and paid over the term of the lease.

11

The Eighth Amendment extended the deadline for the Company to cause certain tenant improvements to be completed at the landlord’s expense from May 30, 2018 to September 30, 2018. No change to the financial statements resulted from the terms of the Eighth Amendment. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recorded rental expense under the related party operating lease of $0.4 million and $0.8 million, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company recorded rental expense under the related party operating lease of $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

As of June 30, 2018, future minimum payments under the Company’s non-cancelable related party operating lease for each year ending December 31 are as follows:

	Total
	(unaudited; in thousands)
Remaining of 2018	$	833
2019		1,754
2020		1,807
2021		1,861
2022		1,914
2023 and thereafter		3,310
	$	11,479

Severance obligations

The Company has entered into employment agreements with some of its executive officers. Generally, the terms of these agreements provide that, if the Company terminates the officer other than for cause, death, or disability, or if the officer terminates his or her employment with the Company for good cause, the officer shall be entitled to receive certain severance compensation and benefits as described in each such agreement.

On May 15, 2018, Georgia Erbez resigned as Chief Business Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Pursuant to the terms of a Separation Agreement entered into May 10, 2018, the Company agreed to pay severance totaling approximately $201,000, including base salary and benefit continuation coverage, for the six months following the separation date. Accordingly, as of June 30, 2018, the Company has approximately $152,000 of remaining severance related to this arrangement accrued and unpaid. In addition, 25% of the unvested portion of Ms. Erbez’ equity awards at the time of her resignation were accelerated. Her vested options remain exercisable for a period of eighteen months following her resignation.

On May 8, 2017, Konstantinos Alataris resigned as President and Chief Executive Officer. Pursuant to the terms of a Separation Agreement, the Company agreed to pay severance totaling approximately $252,000, including base salary and benefit continuation coverage, for six months following the separation date. As of June 30, 2018, the Company had no severance due to Dr. Alataris related to his separation agreement.

Other commitments

As of June 30, 2018, the Company has an equipment purchase commitment related to its pre-commercialization manufacturing activities aggregating approximately $12.2 million. The terms of the purchase commitment are contingent upon performance of certain milestones.

7. Stockholders’ Equity

On January 24, 2018, the Company amended its certificate of incorporation to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance from 100,000,000 to 250,000,000. On January 25, 2018, we effected a 1-for-20 reverse stock split of our outstanding common stock.

Equity Line of Credit

On October 20, 2017, the Company entered into a purchase agreement and a registration rights agreement with an accredited investor, Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (“Lincoln Park”), providing for the purchase of up to $35.0 million worth of the Company’s common stock over the term of the purchase agreement (the “Equity Line of Credit).

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Under the terms and subject to the conditions of the Equity Line of Credit, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to sell to Lincoln Park, and Lincoln Park is obligated to purchase, up to $35.0 million worth of shares of the Company’s common stock. The Company’s board of directors reserved 392,104 shares for issuance pursuant to the Equity Line of Credit (inclusive of commitment shares). On October 20, 2017, the Company issued 11,375 shares of its common stock, as initial commitment shares, to Lincoln Park with a fair value of $15.30 which was recorded as deferred financing costs and is included within other current assets in the accompanying balance sheet as of June 30, 2018. The deferred financing costs are amortized as interest expense using the effective interest rate method over the term of the Equity Line of Credit as there is no guaranty that additional shares will be sold under the Equity Line of Credit. Additionally, the Company will issue, pro rata, up to an additional 11,375 shares of its common stock as additional commitment shares to Lincoln Park in connection with any additional purchases. Such future sales of common stock by the Company, if any, will be subject to certain limitations, and may occur from time to time, at the Company’s option, over the 30-month period that commenced on November 21, 2017, the date that the registration statement was declared effective by the SEC, and the other conditions of the Equity Line of Credit were satisfied. No sales of common stock have been made under the Lincoln Park purchase agreement as of June 30, 2018.

Public Offering – March 2017

On March 22, 2017, the Company completed a registered public offering of 977,500 shares of common stock at a price of $30.00 per share, which included the exercise in full by the underwriters of their over-allotment option to purchase up to 127,500 additional shares of common stock. The total proceeds from the offering were $26.6 million, net of underwriter’s discounts and commissions and offering expenses.

Public Offering – April 2018

On April 3, 2018, the Company closed a public offering of 10,000,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $5.00 per share. We received gross proceeds of $50.0 million and approximately $45.6 million of net proceeds from this offering. The offering was made by the Company pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 previously filed with the SEC on December 22, 2017, as amended and declared effective by the SEC on March 28, 2018.

Warrants

Below is a table summarizing the warrants issued and outstanding for each of the periods presented:

	Warrants Outstanding as of As of December 31, 2017		Warrants Exercised		Warrants Expired		Warrants Outstanding As of June 30, 2018		Exercise Price		Expiration Date
PIPE Financing - Series B		195,906		—		—		195,906	$	31.00		8/19/2021
Hercules - June 2014		1,583		—		—		1,583	$	176.80		1/27/2020
Hercules - June 2015		2,035		—		—		2,035	$	147.40		6/23/2020
Total		199,524		—		—		199,524

As of June 30, 2018, the Company had 199,524 warrants outstanding classified as equity warrants. Each warrant grants the holder the right to purchase one share of common stock. Equity warrants are recorded at their relative fair market value in the stockholders’ equity section of the balance sheet. The Company’s equity warrants can only be settled through the issuance of shares and do not have any anti-dilution or price reset provisions.

8. Stock-Based Compensation

The Amended and Restated 2014 Equity and Incentive Plan

The Amended and Restated 2014 Equity and Incentive Plan (the “2014 Plan”) provides for the issuance of (i) cash awards and (ii) equity-based awards, denominated in shares of the Company’s common stock, including incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, unrestricted stock awards, performance share awards and dividend equivalent rights. Incentive stock options may be granted only to Company employees. Nonqualified stock options may be granted to Company employees, outside directors and consultants. As of June 30, 2018, the Company had reserved 1,348,173 shares of our common stock for issuance under our 2014 Plan, subject to automatic annual increases as set forth in the plan. Options and awards under the 2014 Plan may be granted for periods of up to ten years. Employee options granted by the Company generally vest over four years. Restricted stock awards granted to employees, directors and consultants can be subject to the same vesting conditions and the right of repurchase by the Company on unvested shares as determined by our board of directors. As of June 30, 2018, the Company had 179,475 shares available for grant under the 2014 Plan. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company granted 131,000 stock option awards to non-employee Directors.

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The following table summarizes option and award activity, excluding inducement grants, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 (unaudited):

									Weighted-
							Weighted-		Average
							Average		Remaining
	Shares			Outstanding			Exercise		Contractual		Aggregate
	Available for			Number			Price per		Term		Intrinsic
	Grant			of Shares			Share		(In Years)		Value
Balance at December 31, 2017		29,571			99,029		$	25.33
Additional shares reserved		1,225,223			—		$	—
Options granted		(1,079,700	)		1,079,700		$	4.28
Options cancelled/forfeited/expired		6,248			(6,248	)	$	23.03
Shares expired under 2012 Plan		(1,867	)		—		$	—
Balance at June 30, 2018		179,475			1,172,481		$	5.96		9.67	$	—
Exercisable at June 30, 2018					81,371		$	18.34		8.73	$	—
Vested or expected to vest at June 30, 2018					1,060,324		$	6.09		9.66	$	—

The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the option and the estimated fair value of the Company’s common stock for in-the-money options at June 30, 2018.

Inducement Grants

The Company has also awarded inducement grants to purchase common stock to new employees outside the existing equity compensation plans in accordance with Nasdaq listing rule 5635(c)(4). Such options vest at a rate of 25% of the shares on the first anniversary of the commencement of such employee’s employment with the Company, and then one forty-eighth (1/48) of the shares monthly thereafter subject to such employee’s continued service. The following table summarizes the Company’s inducement grant stock option activities:

				Weighted-		Remaining
	Outstanding			Average		Contractual		Aggregate
	Number			Exercise		Term		Intrinsic
	of Shares			Price per Share		(In Years)		Value
Balance at December 31, 2017		19,350		$	19.12
Options granted		—		$	—
Options cancelled/forfeited/expired		(5,513	)	$	15.40
Balance at June 30, 2018		13,837		$	20.60		5.02	$	—
Exercisable at June 30, 2018		9,165		$	17.78		3.07	$	—
Vested or expected to vest at June 30, 2018		13,430		$	20.43		4.91	$	—

The following summarizes the composition of stock options outstanding and exercisable within the approved stock options plans, which excludes inducement grants, as of June 30, 2018:

	Options Outstanding						Options Exercisable
			Weighted-
			Average		Weighted				Weighted
			Remaining		Average				Average
	Number of		Contractual		Exercise		Number of		Exercise
Exercise Price	Shares		Life (in years)		Price		Shares		Price
$4.24 - $4.24		946,064		9.79	$	4.24		39,504	$	4.24
$4.24 - $146.60		224,767		9.21	$	11.87		40,587	$	26.79
$181.00 - $181.00		100		6.81	$	181.00		83	$	181.00
$182.60 - $182.60		150		6.82	$	182.60		118	$	182.60
$185.80 - $185.80		1,400		6.89	$	185.80		1,079	$	185.80

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Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Total stock-based compensation expense recognized was as follows:

	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	(unaudited; in thousands)				(unaudited; in thousands)
Research and development	$	142	$	76	$	209	$	137
General and administrative		188		107		260		279
	$	330	$	183	$	469	$	416

As of June 30, 2018, the Company had $3.8 million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation, net of estimated forfeitures, related to outstanding stock options that will be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.7 years.

The Company’s stock-based compensation expense for stock options is estimated at the grant date based on the award’s fair value as calculated by the Black-Scholes option pricing model and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires various highly judgmental assumptions including expected volatility and expected term. The expected volatility is based on the historical stock volatilities of several of the Company’s publicly listed peers over a period equal to the expected terms of the options as the Company does not have sufficient trading history to use the volatility of its own common stock. To estimate the expected term, the Company has opted to use the simplified method which is the use of the midpoint of the vesting term and the contractual term. If any of the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model changes significantly, stock-based compensation expense may differ materially in the future from that recorded in the current period. In addition, the Company estimates the forfeiture rate based on historical experience and its expectations regarding future pre-vesting termination behavior of employees. To the extent that the actual forfeiture rate is different from this estimate, stock-based compensation expense is adjusted accordingly.

The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions for the Black-Scholes option-pricing model used in determining the fair value of options granted:

	For the three months ended June 30,		For the six months ended June 30,
	2018	2017	2018	2017
Dividend yield	0%	0%	0%	0%
Risk-free interest rate	2.74% - 3.11%	1.90%	2.74% - 3.11%	1.90% - 2.13%
Expected volatility	89%	89%	89%	89%
Expected term (years)	6.08	6.08	6.08	6.08

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and accompanying notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the financial statements and accompanying notes thereto and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, on March 12, 2018, as amended. This discussion contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. We use words such as “may,” “continue,” “goal,” “would,” “could,” “might,” “project,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “forecast,” “designated,” “approximate,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “predict,” “potential,” “believe,” “should” or negatives of these words and similar expressions and references to future periods to identify forward-looking statements. Although we believe the expectations reflected in these forward- looking statements are reasonable, such statements are inherently subject to risk and we can give no assurances that our expectations will prove to be correct. These statements appearing throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are statements regarding our intent, belief, or current expectations, primarily regarding our operations. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. As a result of many factors, such as those set forth under “Risk Factors” under Item 1A of Part II below, and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this report or to reflect actual outcomes.

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Overview

Zosano Pharma Corporation is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company focused on providing rapid systemic administration of therapeutics to patients using our proprietary Adhesive Dermally-Applied Microarray, or ADAM™, technology. In February 2017, we announced positive results from our ZOTRIP pivotal efficacy trial, or ZOTRIP trial, that evaluated M207, which is our proprietary formulation of zolmitriptan delivered via our ADAM™ technology, as an acute treatment for migraine. We are focused on developing products where rapid administration of established molecules with known safety and efficacy profiles provides an increased benefit to patients, for markets where patients remain underserved by existing therapies. We anticipate that many of our current and future development programs may enable us to utilize a regulatory pathway that would streamline clinical development and accelerate the path towards commercialization.

ADAM™ is our proprietary, investigational technology platform designed to offer rapid drug absorption into the bloodstream, which can result in an improved pharmacokinetic profile compared to original dosage forms. ADAM™ consists of an array of drug-coated titanium microprojections mounted on an adhesive backing that is pressed on to the skin using a reusable handheld applicator. The microprojections penetrate the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of skin of the epidermis, and allow the drug to be absorbed into very small blood vessels, microcapillaries, that connect to the larger blood vessels that transport the drug to the systemic circulation. We focus on developing products based on our ADAM™ technology for indications in which rapid onset, ease of use and stability offer significant therapeutic and practical advantages, for markets where there is a need for more effective therapies.

Our development efforts are focused on our product candidate, M207. M207 is our proprietary formulation of zolmitriptan delivered utilizing our ADAM™ technology. Zolmitriptan is one of a class of serotonin receptor agonists known as triptans and is used as an acute treatment for migraine. Migraine is a debilitating neurological disease, symptoms of which include moderate to severe headache pain, nausea and vomiting, and abnormal sensitivity to light and sound. The objective of M207 is to provide faster onset of efficacy and sustained freedom from migraine symptoms by delivering rapid absorption while avoiding the gastrointestinal tract. The United States Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, has indicated that one positive pivotal efficacy study, in addition to the required safety study, would be sufficient for approval of M207 for the treatment of migraine.

We have no product sales to date, and we will not have product sales unless and until we receive approval from the FDA or equivalent foreign regulatory bodies, to market and sell our product candidate. Accordingly, our success depends not only on the development, but also on our ability to finance the development of the product. We will require substantial additional funding to complete development and seek regulatory approval for these products. Additionally, we currently have no sales, marketing or distribution capabilities and thus our ability to market our products in the future will depend in part on our ability to develop such capabilities either alone or with collaboration partners.

M207 Clinical Trial and Long-Term Safety Study

In November 2017, we announced the initiation of our long-term safety study for M207 as an acute treatment for migraine, with the enrollment of the first subject in the study. M207-ADAM is an open label study evaluating the safety of the 3.8 mg dose of zolmitriptan in migraine subjects who have historically experienced at least two migraines per month. Subjects are expected to treat a minimum of two migraines per month on average, with no maximum treatment limits. The study will evaluate at least 150 subjects for six months, and 50 subjects for a year at 31 sites in the U.S. The study is open-label, with investigator visits at months one, two, three, six, nine and twelve. The primary objective of our long-term safety study is to assess the safety of M207 during repeated use over six and twelve months. Other endpoints are electrocardiography and laboratory parameters, as well as percentage of headaches with pain-free response.

In March 2018, we announced that the 100^th subject had enrolled and received M207 in the long-term safety study. As of June 2018, 344 subjects have qualified and received study drug. Study subjects have treated more than 2,500 migraines since study initiation. We expect clinical completion by March 2019, when at least 50 of these subjects will complete one year in the study and have treated at least two migraines per month. As of the date of this filing, we have begun manufacturing of our registration batches in support of the NDA.

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In April 2018, we closed an underwritten public offering pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 of 10,000,000 shares of our common stock sold at a price of $5.00 per share. Net proceeds to us, after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and reimbursable costs of approximately $3.7 million and offering expenses of approximately $0.7 million, were approximately $45.6 million.

We will need additional financing for manufacturing, operations, and commercialization of M207, if approved. While we are pursuing clinical development and regulatory approval of our M207 product candidate through commercialization, we remain open to opportunities with potential strategic partners to ensure our product candidate has the best chance of commercial success.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our condensed financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). The preparation of our financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts and disclosures reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Our management believes judgment is involved in determining revenue recognition, the fair value-based measurement of stock-based compensation, and accruals. Our management evaluates estimates and assumptions as facts and circumstances dictate. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions, and those differences could be material to the financial statements. If our assumptions change, we may need to revise our estimates, or take other corrective actions, either of which may also have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, liquidity and financial condition.

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012. Emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have irrevocably elected not to avail ourselves of this exemption from new or revised accounting standards, and, therefore, will be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.

There have been no significant and material changes in our critical accounting policies and use of estimates during the six months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to those disclosed in “Part II, Item 7 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed with the SEC.

Financial Operations Overview

As of June 30, 2018, we had an accumulated deficit of $242.9 million. We have incurred significant losses and expect to incur significant losses in the foreseeable future as we advance M207 into later stages of development, and if approved, commercialization. On April 3, 2018, the Company closed a public offering of 10,000,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $5.00 per share. The net proceeds of the offering were approximately $45.6 million. We plan to use the net proceeds from this offering to complete the long-term safety study of M207 and for working capital and general corporate purposes. We believe the completion of this public offering will allow us to continue executing on the timely filing of our NDA for M207, which we expect will occur in the fourth quarter of 2019.

We expect our research and development expenses to increase significantly as we continue to advance M207 through clinical development. Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with our technology and drug development, we are unable to predict the timing or amount of expenses incurred or when, or if, we will be able to achieve commercialization, revenue or profitability.

Research and development expenses

Research and development expenses represent costs incurred to conduct research, such as the discovery and development of our proprietary product candidates. We recognize all research and development expenses as they are incurred.

Research and development expenses consist of:

• production costs which include, but are not limited to, employee-related expenses, including salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation expense, and fees paid to conduct nonclinical studies, drug formulation, and cost of consumables used in nonclinical and clinical trials;

• expenses related to the purchase of active pharmaceutical ingredients and raw materials for the production of product candidates based on our ADAM technology, including fees paid to contract manufacturing organizations (“CMOs”);

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• fees paid to contract research organizations (“CROs”), clinical consultants, clinical trial sites and vendors, including institutional review boards (“IRBs”), in conjunction with implementing and monitoring our clinical trials and acquiring and evaluating clinical trial data, including all related fees, such as for investigator grants, subject screening fees, laboratory work and statistical compilation and analysis;

• fees paid to conduct clinical studies, drug formulation, and cost of consumables used in nonclinical and clinical trials;

• other consulting fees paid to third parties; and

• allocation of certain shared costs, such as facilities-related costs and information technology (“IT”) support services.

For the immediate future, our research and development efforts and resources will be focused primarily on advancing our product candidate M207 through clinical development.

We cannot forecast with any degree of certainty if any of our product candidates will be subject to future collaborations or how such arrangements would affect our development plans or capital requirements. As a result of the uncertainties discussed above, we are unable to determine the duration and completion costs of our research and development projects or when and to what extent we will generate revenue from the commercialization and sale of any of our product candidates.

General and administrative expenses

General and administrative expenses consist principally of personnel-related costs, professional fees for legal, consulting, audit and tax services, rent and other general operating expenses not otherwise included in research and development.

Other income and expenses

Interest expense, net. Interest expense, net of interest income, consists primarily of interest costs related to our debt and the amortization of debt discount and issuance costs. Interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2018 reflects accrued and paid interest related to our secured term loan facility (“Hercules Term Loan”) with Hercules Capital, Inc. (“Hercules”), and the related amortization of debt discount and issuance costs.

Other income, net. Other income, net of other expense, consists of certain miscellaneous income or expenses that are not included in other categories of the condensed statements of operations. (See explanations under the subheading, Results of Operations).

Results of Operations

Comparison of the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017

Research and development expenses

	Three months ended June 30,				Change
	2018		2017		Amount		%
	(In thousands)
Research and development	$	6,533	$	4,363	$	2,170		50	%

Research and development expenses increased approximately $2.2 million, or 50%, for the three months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to the same period in 2017. The increase in research and development expense was primarily attributable to an increase in clinical trial costs of $1.8 million related to the M207 long-term safety study and to an additional increase of $0.3 million in costs for clinical supplies for materials to support production of registration batches.

General and administrative expenses

	Three months ended June 30,				Change
	2018		2017		Amount		%
	(In thousands)
General and administrative	$	2,272	$	2,188	$	84		4	%

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General and administrative expenses increased approximately $0.1 million, or 4%, for the three months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the same period in 2017. Increases in expenses were primarily due to increase in rent for our corporate headquarters.

Other income (expenses)

	Three months ended June 30,						Change
	2018			2017			Amount		%
	(In thousands)
Interest expense, net	$	(33	)	$	(207	)	$	174		84	%
Other income, net		16			12			4		(33	%)

Interest expense, net decreased approximately $0.2 million, or 84%, for the three months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to the same period in 2017. Interest expense is primarily attributable to the Hercules Term Loan. The decrease in interest expense is attributable to the lower interest costs resulting from the lower loan principal balance during the three months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the same period in 2017.

Comparison of the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017

Research and development expenses

	Six months ended June 30,				Change
	2018		2017		Amount		%
	(In thousands)
Research and development	$	12,339	$	8,989	$	3,350		37	%

Research and development expenses increased approximately $3.3 million, or 37%, for the six months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to the same period in 2017. The increase in research and development expense was primarily attributable to an increase in clinical trial costs of $2.6 million related to the long-term safety study and to an additional increase $0.7 million attributed to an increase related to the production of our registration batches.

General and administrative expenses

	Six months ended June 30,				Change
	2018		2017		Amount		%
	(In thousands)
General and administrative	$	4,532	$	4,310	$	222		5	%

General and administrative expenses increased approximately $0.2 million or 5% for the six months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the same period in 2017. Increases in expenses were primarily due to increase in building rent and franchise taxes.

Other income (expenses)

	Six months ended June 30,						Change
	2018			2017			Amount		%
	(In thousands)
Interest expense, net	$	(174	)	$	(454	)	$	280		62	%
Other income, net		17			10			7		(70	%)

Interest expense, net decreased approximately $0.3 million, or 62%, for the six months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to the same period in 2017. Interest expense is primarily attributable to the Hercules Term Loan. The decrease in interest expense is attributable to the lower interest costs resulting from the lower loan principal balance during the six months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the same period in 2017.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Since our inception in October 2006, we have funded our operations primarily through a combination of equity offerings, secured and unsecured borrowings from private investors, bank credit facilities, and licensing and service revenue from our license and collaboration agreements. We have incurred recurring operating losses and negative cash flows from operating activities since inception, and as of June 30, 2018, had an accumulated deficit of $242.9 million. We expect to incur additional losses in the future to conduct research and development of our M207 product candidate and to conduct pre-commercialization manufacturing activities. As of June 30, 2018, we had approximately $37.6 million in cash, cash equivalents, and investments.

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On April 3, 2018, the Company closed a public offering of 10,000,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $5.00 per share. The Company received gross proceeds of $50.0 million and approximately $45.6 million of net proceeds from the offering and plans to use the net proceeds from the offering to complete the long-term safety study of M207, and for working capital and general corporate purposes. As of June 30, 2018, the Company has an equipment purchase commitment related to its pre-commercialization activities aggregating approximately $12.2 million. Upon execution of the purchase order, the Company made an initial payment of $1.5 million which was recorded in construction-in-progress. The terms of the purchase commitment are contingent upon performance of certain milestones.

The Company believes the completion of the public offering will allow it to continue executing on the timely filing of its NDA for M207, which it expects will occur in the fourth quarter of 2019. We expect cash and cash equivalents and investments will be sufficient to enable us to fund our anticipated level of operations based on our current operating plans beyond twelve months following the date of issuance of this Quarterly Report on From 10-Q.

On October 20, 2017, we entered into a purchase agreement (“Lincoln Park Purchase Agreement”) with Lincoln Park Capital, LLC (“Lincoln Park”). Under the terms and subject to the conditions of the Lincoln Park Purchase Agreement, we have the right, but not the obligation, to sell to Lincoln Park up to $35.0 million worth of shares of our common stock. See Note 7 to the accompanying condensed financial statements for additional information on the Lincoln Park Purchase Agreement. No sales of common stock have been made under the Lincoln Park purchase agreement as of June 30, 2018.

The Company has financed its operations primarily through the sale of equity securities, debt financing and payments received under licensing and collaboration agreements with pharmaceutical companies. To date, none of the Company’s product candidates have been approved by the FDA for sale. The Company will continue to require additional financing to develop its product candidate, develop additional product candidates and fund operating losses. Management intends to seek capital to support the Company’s initiatives through equity or debt financing, collaboration or other arrangements with corporate partners, and/or other sources of financing. Management plans to meet its operating cash flow requirements include financing activities such as public or private offerings of its common stock, and/or preferred stock offerings, issuances of debt and convertible debt instruments and collaborative or other arrangements with corporate resources. However, if such financing is not available at adequate levels or on acceptable terms, the Company could be required to significantly reduce its operating expenses and delay, reduce the scope of or eliminate some of its development programs, out-license intellectual property rights, or a combination of the above, which may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and/or its ability to meet its scheduled obligations on a timely basis, if at all.

We will continue to require additional financing to develop our product candidates and fund operating losses. Our plans to meet our operating cash flow requirements include financing activities such as private placements of our common stock, preferred stock offerings, issuances of debt and convertible debt instruments and collaborative or other arrangements with corporate sources. We anticipate that we will need to raise substantial additional capital, the requirements of which will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to:

• the scope, progress, expansion, costs, and results of our clinical trials;

• the scope, progress, expansion, and costs of manufacturing our product candidates;

• the timing of and costs involved in obtaining regulatory approvals;

• the type, number, costs, and results of the product candidate development programs which we are pursuing or may choose to pursue in the future;

• our ability to establish and maintain development partnering arrangements;

• the timing, receipt and amount of contingent, royalty, and other payments from any of our future development partners;

• the emergence of competing technologies and other adverse market developments;

• the costs of maintaining, expanding, and protecting our intellectual property portfolio, including potential litigation costs and liabilities;

• the resources we devote to marketing, and if approved, commercializing our product candidates;

• our ability to draw funds from our loan and security agreement; and

• the costs associated with being a public company.

20

If we are unable to raise additional funds when needed, we may be required to delay, reduce, or terminate our development programs and clinical trials. We may also be required to sell or license to others technologies or clinical product candidates or programs that we would prefer to develop and commercialize ourselves.

There are no assurances that such additional funding will be achieved and that we will succeed in our future operations. Adequate additional funding may not be available to us on acceptable terms or at all. Our inability to obtain required funding in the near future or our inability to obtain funding on favorable terms will have a material adverse effect on our operations and strategic development plan for future growth. If we cannot successfully raise additional capital and implement our strategic development plan, our liquidity, financial condition and business prospects will be materially and adversely affected, and we may have to cease operations.

The following table shows a summary of our cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017
	(In thousands)
Net cash (used in) provided by:
Operating activities	$	(14,128	)	$	(14,125	)
Investing activities		(23,846	)		(7,674	)
Financing activities		42,520			27,955
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	$	4,546		$	6,156

Operating Cash Flow: Net cash used in operating activities was approximately $14.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. Net cash used during the first six months of 2018 was primarily due to clinical trial costs for the M207 long-term safety study production and support, in addition to other research and development and administrative expenses incurred in the course of our continuing operations. Net cash used during the first six months of 2017 was primarily due to the closing costs of the ZOTRIP study and professional fees and administrative expenses incurred in the course of our continuing operations.

Investing Cash Flow: Net cash used in investing activities was approximately $23.8 million and $7.7 million for the six months ending June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Net cash used in investing activities during the first six months of 2018 was primarily the result of the purchase of certain marketable securities. Net cash used in investing activities during the first six months of 2017 was primarily due to the purchase of investments in marketable securities.

Financing Cash Flow: Net cash provided by financing activities was approximately $42.5 million and $28.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Net cash provided by financing activities for the first six months of 2018 was primarily due to proceeds from a registered public offering of $45.6, net of underwriter’s discounts, commissions, and offering expenses. Net cash generated by financing activities for the first six months of 2017 was primarily due to proceeds from a registered public offering of $26.6 million, net of underwriter’s discounts, commissions, and offering expenses and to warrant exercises to purchase 136,301 shares common stock for proceeds of $4.0 million. The increase was partially offset by payments on the Hercules Term Loan of approximately $2.8 million.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

Our primary contractual obligations as of June 30, 2018, consist of operating leases of approximately $11.5 million and short-term debt obligations of approximately $3.6 million (including end of term payments and periodic interest payments). Operating leases represent our future minimum rental commitments under our operating leases through August 2024. See Note 6 to the accompanying condensed financial statements for a discussion of the related party operating lease for our headquarters. Debt obligations include the Hercules Term Loan, maturing in December 2018. See Note 5 to the accompanying condensed financial statements for a discussion of the Hercules Term Loan. As of June 30, 2018, the Company has an equipment purchase commitment related to its pre-commercialization activities aggregating approximately $12.2 million. Upon execution of the purchase order, the Company made an initial payment of $1.5 million which was recorded in construction-in-progress. The terms of the purchase commitment are contingent upon performance of certain milestones.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 to the accompanying condensed financial statements for the Recent Accounting Pronouncements.

21

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We currently have no off-balance sheet arrangements, such as structured finance, special purpose entities or variable interest entities.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. Financial instruments which potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, as well as investments in short-term marketable securities. We had cash and cash equivalents of $16.2 million as of June 30, 2018, which consisted of bank deposits and money market funds.

Our cash and cash equivalents are held for working capital purposes. Cash balances are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to regulatory limits, and we are exposed to credit risk when our cash balances exceed FDIC insurance limits. Our total cash and cash equivalent balances exceed the maximum amounts insured by the FDIC.

Our primary exposure to market risk is interest rate sensitivity, which is affected by changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates. We hold interest-earning instruments, which carry a degree of interest rate risk. In addition, the interest rate on our outstanding term loan is variable. To date, fluctuations in interest income and expense have not been significant. However, fluctuations in market interest rates in the future could have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer, who is currently our principal executive and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2018. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.

Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2018, our Chief Executive Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to, and are effective to, provide assurance at a reasonable level that the information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Our management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2018, identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are not party to any material pending legal proceedings. However, we may from time to time become involved in litigation relating to claims arising in the ordinary course of our business.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 includes a detailed discussion of our risk factors under the heading “Part I, Item 1A—Risk Factors.” There have been no material changes from such risk factors during the six months ended June 30, 2018. You should consider carefully the risk factors discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, and all other information contained in or incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q before making an investment decision. If any of the risks discussed in the Annual Report on Form 10-K actually occur, they may materially harm our business, financial condition, operating results, cash flows or growth prospects. As a result, the market price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment. Additional risks and uncertainties that are not yet identified or that we think are immaterial may also materially harm our business, financial condition, operating results, cash flows or growth prospects and could result in a complete loss of your investment.

22

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit     number	Description
10.1	Separation Agreement, dated May  10, 2018, between Zosano Pharma Corporation and Georgia Erbez (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 15, 2018).
10.2	Zosano Pharma Corporation Amended and Restated 2014 Equity and Incentive Plan, as amended on May  31, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on June 5, 2018).
10.3	Employment Letter Agreement, dated as of June  7, 2018 between Zosano Pharma Corporation and John Walker (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on June 12, 2018).
10.4†	Eighth Amendment to Lease entered into as of May 30, 2018 by and between Zosano Pharma Corporation and BMR-34790 Ardentech Court LP.
10.5	Purchase Order by and between Zosano Pharma Corporation and Harro Hoflinger Packaging System (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on August, 6, 2018)
31.1†	Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1*	Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section  906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS†	XBRL Instance Document XBRL
101.SCH†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE†	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

† Filed herewith

^*  Exhibit 32.1 is being furnished and shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, nor shall such exhibit be deemed to be incorporated by reference in any registration statement or other document filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as otherwise specifically stated in such filing.

23

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Dated: August 9, 2018	Zosano Pharma Corporation (Registrant)
	/s/ John Walker
	John Walker
	Chief Executive Officer

24

EX-10.4

Exhibit 10.4

EIGHTH AMENDMENT TO LEASE

THIS EIGHTH AMENDMENT TO LEASE (this “Amendment”) is entered into as of this 30th day of May, 2018, by and between BMR-34790 ARDENTECH COURT LP, a Delaware limited partnership (“Landlord,” formerly known as BMR-34790 Ardentech Court LLC), and ZOSANO PHARMA CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (“Tenant,” as successor-in-interest to ZP Opco, Inc., formerly known as Zosano Pharma, Inc. and, previously, The Macroflux Corporation).

RECITALS

A. Landlord and Tenant are parties to that certain Lease dated as of May 1, 2007, as amended by that certain First Amendment to Lease dated as of June 20, 2008, that certain Second Amendment to Lease dated as of October 16, 2008, that certain Third Amendment to Lease dated as of April 29, 2011, that certain Fourth Amendment to Lease dated as of July 31, 2011, that certain Fifth Amendment to Lease dated as of April 1, 2012, that certain Sixth Amendment to Lease dated as of June 24, 2015 and that certain Seventh Amendment to Lease dated as of May 30, 2017 (the “Seventh Amendment”) (collectively, and as the same may have been further amended, amended and restated, supplemented or modified from time to time, the “Existing Lease”), whereby Tenant leases certain premises (the “Premises”) from Landlord at 34790 Ardentech Court in Fremont, California (the “Building”);

B. WHEREAS, Landlord and Tenant desire to make certain modifications to the Existing Lease in connection with the TI Deadline (as defined in the Seventh Amendment); and

C. WHEREAS, Landlord and Tenant desire to modify and amend the Existing Lease only in the respects and on the conditions hereinafter stated.

AGREEMENT

NOW, THEREFORE, Landlord and Tenant, in consideration of the mutual promises contained herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, and intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:

1. Definitions. For purposes of this Amendment, capitalized terms shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Existing Lease unless otherwise defined herein. The Existing Lease, as amended by this Amendment, is referred to collectively herein as the “Lease.” From and after the date hereof, the term “Lease,” as used in the Existing Lease, shall mean the Existing Lease, as amended by this Amendment.

2. TI Deadline. The TI Deadline (as defined in Section 7.2 of the Seventh Amendment) is hereby amended to mean September 30, 2018.

3. Additional Insureds. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Lease, the insurance required to be maintained by Tenant under the Lease shall name Landlord, BioMed Realty LLC, BioMed Realty, L.P., BRE Edison L.P., BRE Edison LLC, BRE Edison Holdings L.P., BRE Edison Holdings LLC, BRE Edison Parent L.P. and their respective officers, employees, agents, general partners, members, subsidiaries, affiliates and lenders, as additional insureds.

BioMed Realty form dated 9/28/17

4. Broker. Tenant represents and warrants that it has not dealt with any broker or agent in the negotiation for or the obtaining of this Amendment, other than Kidder Mathews (“Broker”), and agrees to reimburse, indemnify, save, defend (at Landlord’s option and with counsel reasonably acceptable to Landlord, at Tenant’s sole cost and expense) and hold harmless Landlord and its affiliates, and their respective employees, agents, contractors and lenders, for, from and against any and all cost or liability for compensation claimed by any such broker or agent employed or engaged by it or claiming to have been employed or engaged by it, other than Broker.

5. No Default. Tenant represents, warrants and covenants that, to the best of Tenant’s knowledge, Landlord and Tenant are not in default of any of their respective obligations under the Existing Lease and no event has occurred that, with the passage of time or the giving of notice (or both) would constitute a default by either Landlord or Tenant thereunder.

6. Notices. Tenant confirms that, notwithstanding anything in the Lease to the contrary, notices delivered to Tenant pursuant to the Lease should be sent to:

Zosano Pharma Corporation

34790 Ardentech Court

Fremont, CA 94555-3657

with a copy to:

Foley Hoag LLP

155 Seaport Boulevard

Boston, Massachusetts 02210

Attn: Jeffrey Quillen, Esq.

7. Effect of Amendment. Except as modified by this Amendment, the Existing Lease and all the covenants, agreements, terms, provisions and conditions thereof shall remain in full force and effect and are hereby ratified and affirmed. In the event of any conflict between the terms contained in this Amendment and the Existing Lease, the terms herein contained shall supersede and control the obligations and liabilities of the parties.

8. Successors and Assigns. Each of the covenants, conditions and agreements contained in this Amendment shall inure to the benefit of and shall apply to and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective heirs, legatees, devisees, executors, administrators and permitted successors and assigns and sublessees. Nothing in this section shall in any way alter the provisions of the Lease restricting assignment or subletting.

9. Miscellaneous. This Amendment becomes effective only upon execution and delivery hereof by Landlord and Tenant. The captions of the paragraphs and subparagraphs in this Amendment are inserted and included solely for convenience and shall not be considered or given any effect in construing the provisions hereof. All exhibits hereto are incorporated herein by reference. Submission of this instrument for examination or signature by Tenant does not constitute a reservation of or option for a lease, and shall not be effective as a lease, lease amendment or otherwise until execution by and delivery to both Landlord and Tenant.

2

10. Authority. Tenant guarantees, warrants and represents that the individual or individuals signing this Amendment have the power, authority and legal capacity to sign this Amendment on behalf of and to bind all entities, corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies, joint venturers or other organizations and entities on whose behalf such individual or individuals have signed.

11. Counterparts; Facsimile and PDF Signatures. This Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which, when taken together, shall constitute one and the same document. A facsimile or portable document format (PDF) signature on this Amendment shall be equivalent to, and have the same force and effect as, an original signature.

[REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

3

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Landlord and Tenant have executed this Amendment as of the date and year first above written.

LANDLORD:

BMR-34790 ARDENTECH COURT LP,

a Delaware limited partnership

By:	/s/ Kevin M. Simonsen
Name:	Kevin M. Simonsen
Title:	Sr. Vice President, Sr. Counsel

TENANT:

ZOSANO PHARMA CORPORATION,

a Delaware corporation

By:	/s/ John Walker
Name:	John Walker
Title:	Chairman & Chief Executive Officer

4

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO EXCHANGE ACT RULE 13a-14(a) AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY

ACT OF 2002

I, John Walker, certify that:

1.    I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Zosano Pharma Corporation;

2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.    I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)    Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.    I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 9, 2018	By:	/s/ John Walker
		John Walker
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, I, John Walker, the Chief Executive Officer of Zosano Pharma Corporation (the “Company”), hereby certify that:

1.    The Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2018 of the Company (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.    The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: August 9, 2018	By:	/s/ John Walker
		John Walker
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer)

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Aug. 02, 2018
Document And Entity Information [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2018
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2018
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Trading Symbol	ZSAN
Entity Registrant Name	Zosano Pharma Corp
Entity Central Index Key	0001587221
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Smaller Reporting Company
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		11,973,039

XML

Condensed Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 16,197	$ 11,651
Short-term investments in marketable securities at fair value	21,441	0
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	869	1,742
Total current assets	38,507	13,393
Restricted cash	35	35
Property and equipment, net	6,132	4,152
Other long-term assets	552	420
Total assets	45,226	18,000
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	2,391	1,511
Accrued compensation	1,434	1,571
Deferred revenue	62	0
Secured promissory note (including accrued interest), net of issuance costs	3,600	6,687
Other accrued liabilities	741	688
Total current liabilities	8,228	10,457
Deferred rent	918	495
Total liabilities	9,146	10,952
Commitments and contingencies (note 6)
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017; none issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017	0	0
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 250,000,000 and 100,000,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively; 11,973,039 and 1,973,039 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively	1	0
Additional paid-in capital	278,995	232,922
Accumulated deficit	(242,916)	(225,874)
Stockholders' equity	36,080	7,048
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 45,226	$ 18,000

XML

Condensed Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, par value	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, shares authorized	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock, par value	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized	250,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	11,973,039	1,973,039
Common stock, shares outstanding	11,973,039	1,973,039

XML

Condensed Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Operating expenses:
Research and development	6,533	4,363	12,339	8,989
General and administrative	2,272	2,188	4,532	4,310
Total operating expenses	8,805	6,551	16,871	13,299
Loss from operations	(8,805)	(6,551)	(16,871)	(13,299)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense, net	(33)	(207)	(174)	(454)
Other income, net	2	12	3	10
Net loss	$ (8,836)	$ (6,746)	$ (17,042)	$ (13,743)
Net loss per common share - basic and diluted	$ (0.75)	$ (3.44)	$ (2.47)	$ (9.22)
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per common share - basic and diluted	11,753	1,960	6,890	1,491

XML

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (17,042)	$ (13,743)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	391	1,261
Stock-based compensation	469	416
Gain on sale of equipment	0	(13)
Gross unrealized losses of marketable securities	14	0
Amortization of debt discount/accretion of premium	(5)	(11)
Accretion of interest	36	48
Deferred rent	515	75
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Interest receivable	56	0
Prepaid expenses and other assets	579	(1,156)
Accounts payable	615	(236)
Accrued compensation and other accrued liabilities	(83)	(766)
Deferred revenue	62	0
Net cash used in operating activities	(14,393)	(14,125)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment	(2,106)	(625)
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment	0	22
Purchase of marketable securities	(37,475)	(7,071)
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities	16,000	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(23,581)	(7,674)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from public offering of securities, net of underwriting commissions, discounts and other offering costs	45,603	26,623
Proceeds from exercise of warrants and issuance of common stock	0	4,041
Payment of loan principal	(3,083)	(2,846)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and issuance of common stock	0	137
Net cash provided by financing activities	42,520	27,955
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	4,546	6,156
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	11,686	15,038
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	16,232	21,194
Supplemental cash flow information:
Interest paid	203	540
Acquisition of property and equipment under accounts payable	264	7
Offering costs accrued but not yet paid	$ 98	$ 0

XML

Organization and Basis of Presentation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Organization and Basis of Presentation

1. Organization and Basis of Presentation

The Company

Zosano Pharma Corporation (the “Company”) is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company focused on providing rapid systemic administration of therapeutics to patients using our proprietary Adhesive Dermally-Applied Microarray, or ADAM™, technology. In February 2017, the Company announced positive results from its ZOTRIP pivotal efficacy trial, or ZOTRIP trial, that evaluated M207, which is its proprietary formulation of zolmitriptan delivered via the Company’s ADAM technology, as an acute treatment for migraine. The Company is focused on developing products where rapid administration of established molecules with known safety and efficacy profiles provides an increased benefit to patients, for markets where patients remain underserved by existing therapies. The Company anticipates that many of our current and future development programs may enable the Company to utilize a regulatory pathway that would streamline clinical development and accelerate the path towards commercialization.

Basis of Presentation

The condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, the instructions to Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X. They do not include all the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the six months ended June 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2018, or any other subsequent period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017, included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K and filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filed March 12, 2018.

On January 23, 2018, the Company’s stockholders approved an increase to the number of authorized shares of the Company’s common stock from 100,000,000 to 250,000,000 shares. On January 23, 2018, the board of directors approved a 1-for-20 reverse stock split of our outstanding common stock, which was effected on January 25, 2018. At the effective time, every twenty shares of common stock issued and outstanding were automatically combined into one share of issued and outstanding common stock. The par value of the Company’s stock remained unchanged at $0.0001 per share. No fractional shares of our common stock were issued in the reverse stock split, but in lieu thereof, each holder of common stock who would otherwise have been entitled to a fraction of a share in the reverse stock split received a cash payment. In addition, by reducing the number of the Company’s outstanding shares, its loss per share in all prior periods increased by a factor of twenty. A proportionate adjustment was also made to the per share exercise price and the number of shares issuable upon the exercise of its outstanding equity awards, options and warrants to purchase shares of its common stock and to the number of shares reserved for issuance pursuant to its equity incentive compensation plans. The reverse stock split affected all stockholders uniformly. As a result of the reverse stock split, the number of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock as of January 25, 2018 decreased from 39,460,931 (pre-split) shares to 1,973,039 (post-split) shares. Unless otherwise noted, all share and per share information included in the financial statements have been retroactively adjusted to give effect to the reverse stock split.

Liquidity

As of June 30, 2018, the Company has an accumulated deficit of $242.9 million, as well as recurring operating losses and negative cash flows from operating activities. Cash and cash equivalents at June 30, 2018 were approximately $16.2 million and short-term investments of $21.4 million. On April 3, 2018, the Company closed a public offering of 10,000,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $5.00 per share. The Company received gross proceeds of $50.0 million and approximately $45.6 million of net proceeds from the offering and plans to use the net proceeds from the offering to complete the long-term safety study of M207, and for working capital and general corporate purposes. The Company believes the completion of the public offering will allow it to continue executing on the timely filing of its NDA for M207, which it expects will occur in the fourth quarter of 2019. We expect cash and cash equivalents and investments will be sufficient to enable us to fund our anticipated level of operations based on our current operating plans beyond twelve months following the date of issuance of this Quarterly Report on From 10-Q.

The Company has financed its operations through the sale of equity securities and debt financing. To date, none of the Company’s product candidates have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for sale. The Company will continue to require additional financing to develop its product candidate, develop additional product candidates and fund operating losses. Management intends to seek capital to support the Company’s initiatives through financing activities such as public or private offerings of its common stock, and/or preferred stock offerings, issuances of debt and convertible debt instruments and collaborative or other arrangements with corporate partners. However, if such financing is not available at adequate levels or on acceptable terms, the Company could be required to significantly reduce its operating expenses and delay, reduce the scope of or eliminate some of its development programs, out-license intellectual property rights, or a combination of the above, which may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and/or its ability to meet its scheduled obligations on a timely basis, if at all.

The Company will continue to evaluate its timelines, strategic needs, and balance sheet requirements. There can be no assurance that if the Company attempts to raise additional capital, it will be successful in doing so on terms acceptable to the Company, or at all. Further there can be no assurance that it will be able to gain access and/or be able to execute on securing new sources of funding, new development opportunities, successfully obtain regulatory approvals for and commercialize new products, achieve significant product revenues from its products, or achieve or sustain profitability in the future.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies during the six months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to the significant accounting policies described in Note 2 of the “Notes to Financial Statements” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the accompanying condensed financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to amounts shown in the statement of cash flows in thousand:

	June 30,
	2018		2017
Cash and cash equivalents	$	16,197	$	21,159
Restricted cash		35		35
	$	16,232	$	21,194

Restricted Cash

The Company’s restricted cash consists of funds set aside by a contractual pledge and security agreement with a bank whereby $35,000 is held as a security for corporate purchasing cards.

Marketable Securities

The Company classifies its investments in marketable securities as available-for sale. Investments with original maturities between three and twelve (12) months are considered short-term investments. Investments with original maturities greater than 12 months are considered long-term investments. The Company’s investments that are classified as available-for-sale are recorded at fair value based upon quoted market prices at period end. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded in earnings. Realized gains and losses are included in earnings and are derived using the specific identification method for determining the cost of investments sold.

Fair Value Instruments

The Company records its financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the reporting date. The accounting guidance establishes a three-tiered hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value as follows:

• Level 1: Inputs which include quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

• Level 2: Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

• Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable, approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value of the Company’s short-term notes payable approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing are consistent with current market rates and the duration to maturity is short.

Revenue

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. In accordance with ASC Topic 606, the Company recognizes revenue when the customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which it expects to receive in exchange for those goods and services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company deems are within the scope of ASC Topic 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) calculate transfer price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligation in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists of amounts related to fees resulting from feasibility research projects received prior to satisfying the revenue recognition criteria (see, Revenue) and are recognized as deferred revenue in our balance sheet. Amounts are recognized as revenue upon satisfaction of the performance obligation as prescribed under ASC Topic 606.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred and consist of costs related to (i) furthering the Company’s research and development efforts, and (ii) designing and manufacturing products that incorporate the Company’s ADAM technology for the Company’s clinical and nonclinical studies.

Net Loss Per Common Share

Basic net loss per common share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive common stock equivalents. Diluted earnings per common share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding for the period. For purposes of this calculation, warrants and options to purchase common stock are considered potentially dilutive common stock equivalents. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, diluted net loss per common share was the same as basic net loss per common share since the effect of inclusion of potentially dilutive common stock equivalents would have an antidilutive effect due to the loss reported. The following outstanding common stock equivalents were excluded from the computations of diluted net loss per common share for the periods presented as the effect of including such securities would be antidilutive:

	June 30,
	2018		2017
Warrants to purchase common stock		199,524		347,311
Options to purchase common stock		1,186,318		109,173
		1,385,842		456,484

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718); Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting which aligned certain aspects of share-based payments accounting between employees and non-employees. Specifically nonemployee share-based payment awards within the scope of Topic 718 are measured at grant-date fair value of the equity instruments that an entity is obligated to issue when the good has been delivered or the service has been rendered and any other conditions necessary to earn the right to benefit from the instruments have been satisfied and an entity considers the probability of satisfying performance conditions when nonemployee share-based payment awards contain such conditions. ASU No. 2018-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than an entity’s adoption date of Topic 606. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2018-07 to determine the impact to its condensed financial statements and related disclosures.

In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), (Part I) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception, which allows for the exclusion of a down round feature, when evaluating whether or not an instrument or embedded feature requires derivative classification. ASU No. 2017-11 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2017-11 to determine the impact to its condensed financial statements and related disclosures.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This new guidance is intended to present credit losses on available for sale debt securities as an allowance rather than as a write-down. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual reporting periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Adoption of ASU 2016-13 is not expected to have a significant impact in the Company’s financial statements and disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. Under the new guidance, lessees will be required to recognize substantially all leases on the balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and recognize a corresponding lease liability. The accounting applied by a lessor is largely unchanged from that applied under previous U.S. GAAP. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard on our financial position, results of operation or cash flows.

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Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments in Marketable Securities

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments in Marketable Securities

3. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments in Marketable Securities

As June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, cash, cash equivalent, and investments in marketable securities, comprised of funds in depository, money market accounts, U.S. treasury securities, commercial paper, and corporate bonds. The Company classifies all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase as cash equivalents. The following table presents cash equivalents and investments carried at fair value in accordance with the fair value hierarchy defined in Note 2.

			Fair Value Measurements
			Quoted prices in active market Level I		Significant other observable inputs Level II		Significant unobservable inputs Level III
	(unaudited; in thousands)
As of June 30, 2018:
Cash and restricted cash, included in cash equivalents (1)	$	1,893
	Total
Money market funds, included in cash equivalents		5,109		5,109		—		—
Commercial paper, included in cash equivalents		5,733		—		5,733		—
U.S. treasuries, included in cash equivalents		1,000		1,000		—		—
U.S. government agencies, included in cash equivalents		2,497		—		2,497		—
Commercial paper		5,205		—		5,205		—
Corporate notes and bonds		6,482		—		6,482		—
U.S. treasuries		9,754		9,754		—		—
Total	$	35,780	$	15,863	$	19,917		—
As of December 31, 2017:
Cash and restricted cash, included in cash equivalents (1)	$	4,587
	Total
Money market funds, included in cash equivalents		6,414		6,414		—		—
U.S. government agencies, included in cash equivalents		650		—		650		—
Total	$	7,064	$	6,414	$	650		—

(1) Not subject to leveling

As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 available-for-sale investments are detailed as follows:

	June 30, 2018
	Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
	(unaudited; in thousands)
Commercial paper	$	10,943		—		(5	)	$	10,938
Corporate notes and bonds		6,489		—		(7	)		6,482
U.S. Treasuries		10,756		—		(2	)		10,754
U.S. Government agencies		2,497		—		—			2,497
	$	30,685	$	—	$	(14	)	$	30,671
	December 31, 2017
	Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
	(in thousands)
U.S. government agency bonds	$	650		—		—		$	650
	$	650	$	—	$	—		$	650

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Property and Equipment

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment

4. Property and Equipment

The following summarizes the Company’s property and equipment for each of the periods presented:

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	(unaudited; in thousands)
Laboratory and office equipment	$	1,343		$	1,159
Manufacturing equipment		10,423			10,387
Computer equipment and software		223			209
Leasehold improvements		16,460			15,660
Construction in progress		3,637			2,351
		32,086			29,766
Less: accumulated depreciation		(25,954	)		(25,614	)
	$	6,132		$	4,152

Depreciation and amortization expense was approximately $0.2 million and $0.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense was $0.4 million and $1.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

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Debt Financing

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt Financing

5. Debt Financing

Senior Secured Term Loan with Hercules

The Company entered into a loan and security agreement with Hercules Capital Inc, (“Hercules”). Hercules provided the Company a $15 million loan (“Hercules Term Loan”) of which equal installment payments of principal and interest are due monthly, with all outstanding amounts due and payable on December 1, 2018. The Hercules Term Loan bears interest at a variable rate equal to the greater of (i) 7.95%, or (ii) 7.95% plus the prime rate as quoted in the Wall Street Journal minus 5.25%. The interest rate on the Hercules Term Loan was 7.95% as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. On June 1, 2017, the Company paid a $100,000 legacy end of term charge and is required to pay a $351,135 end of term charge on the earlier of loan maturity or at the date the Company prepays the Hercules Term Loan. The Company may prepay all, but not less than all, of the Hercules Term Loan with no prepayment charge. The Hercules Term Loan is secured by a first priority security interest and lien in and to all of the Company’s tangible and intangible properties and assets, including intellectual properties.

The following is a summary of the Company’s debt, net of unamortized debt discount and issuance costs for the periods presented:

	June 30,			December 31,
	2018			2017
	(unaudited; in thousands)
Principal amount	$	3,233		$	6,316
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs		(2	)		(10	)
unamortized fair value of free standing warrant		(4	)		(18	)
Plus: unamortized fair value debt premium		8			35
accrued terminal interest		344			320
accrued interest		21			44
Secured promissory note, net of unamortized debt issuance cost and premium, current	$	3,600		$	6,687

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recorded total interest expense of $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company recorded interest expense of $0.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively, related to the Hercules Term Loan.

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Commitments and Contingencies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

6. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is not party to any material pending legal proceedings. However, the Company may from time to time become involved in litigation relating to claims arising in the ordinary course of business.

Operating lease

The Company has an operating lease with BMR-34790 Ardentech Court LP, an affiliate of BMR Holdings and related party, for its office, research and development, and manufacturing facilities in Fremont, California. On June 6, 2017, the Company entered into the seventh amendment to the existing lease (“Seventh Amendment”), effective as of May 30, 2017. The Company entered into the eighth amendment to the existing lease (“Eight Amendment”), effective as of May 30, 2018.

Under the Seventh Amendment, the Company extended the term of the lease for the Company’s headquarters in Fremont, California through August 31, 2024, with an option to further extend the lease for an additional 65 months, subject to certain terms and conditions. The Company has agreed to pay a monthly base rent of $136,191 for the period commencing September 1, 2017, and ending on August 31, 2018, with an increase on September 1, 2018, and annual increases on September 1 of each subsequent year until the lease year beginning September 1, 2023. The Seventh Amendment also provides for rent abatements, subject to certain conditions, totaling $275,552 and certain tenant improvements to be completed at the Landlord’s expense (not to exceed $975,000 or, under certain conditions, $1,100,000). The Company will incur additional expense of approximately $0.4 million under the lease in connection with roof repairs that will be treated as additional rent and paid over the term of the lease.

The Eighth Amendment extended the deadline for the Company to cause certain tenant improvements to be completed at the landlord’s expense from May 30, 2018 to September 30, 2018. No change to the financial statements resulted from the terms of the Eighth Amendment. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recorded rental expense under the related party operating lease of $0.4 million and $0.8 million, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company recorded rental expense under the related party operating lease of $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

As of June 30, 2018, future minimum payments under the Company’s non-cancelable related party operating lease for each year ending December 31 are as follows:

	Total
	(unaudited; in thousands)
Remaining of 2018	$	833
2019		1,754
2020		1,807
2021		1,861
2022		1,914
2023 and thereafter		3,310
	$	11,479

Severance obligations

The Company has entered into employment agreements with some of its executive officers. Generally, the terms of these agreements provide that, if the Company terminates the officer other than for cause, death, or disability, or if the officer terminates his or her employment with the Company for good cause, the officer shall be entitled to receive certain severance compensation and benefits as described in each such agreement.

On May 15, 2018, Georgia Erbez resigned as Chief Business Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Pursuant to the terms of a Separation Agreement entered into May 10, 2018, the Company agreed to pay severance totaling approximately $201,000, including base salary and benefit continuation coverage, for the six months following the separation date. Accordingly, as of June 30, 2018, the Company has approximately $152,000 of remaining severance related to this arrangement accrued and unpaid. In addition, 25% of the unvested portion of Ms. Erbez’ equity awards at the time of her resignation were accelerated. Her vested options remain exercisable for a period of eighteen months following her resignation.

On May 8, 2017, Konstantinos Alataris resigned as President and Chief Executive Officer. Pursuant to the terms of a Separation Agreement, the Company agreed to pay severance totaling approximately $252,000, including base salary and benefit continuation coverage, for six months following the separation date. As of June 30, 2018, the Company had no severance due to Dr. Alataris related to his separation agreement.

Other commitments

As of June 30, 2018, the Company has an equipment purchase commitment related to its pre-commercialization manufacturing activities aggregating approximately $12.2 million. The terms of the purchase commitment are contingent upon performance of certain milestones.

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Stockholders' Equity

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Federal Home Loan Banks [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

7. Stockholders’ Equity

On January 24, 2018, the Company amended its certificate of incorporation to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance from 100,000,000 to 250,000,000. On January 25, 2018, we effected a 1-for-20 reverse stock split of our outstanding common stock.

Equity Line of Credit

On October 20, 2017, the Company entered into a purchase agreement and a registration rights agreement with an accredited investor, Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (“Lincoln Park”), providing for the purchase of up to $35.0 million worth of the Company’s common stock over the term of the purchase agreement (the “Equity Line of Credit).

Under the terms and subject to the conditions of the Equity Line of Credit, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to sell to Lincoln Park, and Lincoln Park is obligated to purchase, up to $35.0 million worth of shares of the Company’s common stock. The Company’s board of directors reserved 392,104 shares for issuance pursuant to the Equity Line of Credit (inclusive of commitment shares). On October 20, 2017, the Company issued 11,375 shares of its common stock, as initial commitment shares, to Lincoln Park with a fair value of $15.30 which was recorded as deferred financing costs and is included within other current assets in the accompanying balance sheet as of June 30, 2018. The deferred financing costs are amortized as interest expense using the effective interest rate method over the term of the Equity Line of Credit as there is no guaranty that additional shares will be sold under the Equity Line of Credit. Additionally, the Company will issue, pro rata, up to an additional 11,375 shares of its common stock as additional commitment shares to Lincoln Park in connection with any additional purchases. Such future sales of common stock by the Company, if any, will be subject to certain limitations, and may occur from time to time, at the Company’s option, over the 30-month period that commenced on November 21, 2017, the date that the registration statement was declared effective by the SEC, and the other conditions of the Equity Line of Credit were satisfied. No sales of common stock have been made under the Lincoln Park purchase agreement as of June 30, 2018.

Public Offering – March 2017

On March 22, 2017, the Company completed a registered public offering of 977,500 shares of common stock at a price of $30.00 per share, which included the exercise in full by the underwriters of their over-allotment option to purchase up to 127,500 additional shares of common stock. The total proceeds from the offering were $26.6 million, net of underwriter’s discounts and commissions and offering expenses.

Public Offering – April 2018

On April 3, 2018, the Company closed a public offering of 10,000,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $5.00 per share. We received gross proceeds of $50.0 million and approximately $45.6 million of net proceeds from this offering. The offering was made by the Company pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 previously filed with the SEC on December 22, 2017, as amended and declared effective by the SEC on March 28, 2018.

Warrants

Below is a table summarizing the warrants issued and outstanding for each of the periods presented:

	Warrants Outstanding as of As of December 31, 2017		Warrants Exercised		Warrants Expired		Warrants Outstanding As of June 30, 2018		Exercise Price		Expiration Date
PIPE Financing - Series B		195,906		—		—		195,906	$	31.00		8/19/2021
Hercules - June 2014		1,583		—		—		1,583	$	176.80		1/27/2020
Hercules - June 2015		2,035		—		—		2,035	$	147.40		6/23/2020
Total		199,524		—		—		199,524

As of June 30, 2018, the Company had 199,524 warrants outstanding classified as equity warrants. Each warrant grants the holder the right to purchase one share of common stock. Equity warrants are recorded at their relative fair market value in the stockholders’ equity section of the balance sheet. The Company’s equity warrants can only be settled through the issuance of shares and do not have any anti-dilution or price reset provisions.

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Stock-Based Compensation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

8. Stock-Based Compensation

The Amended and Restated 2014 Equity and Incentive Plan

The Amended and Restated 2014 Equity and Incentive Plan (the “2014 Plan”) provides for the issuance of (i) cash awards and (ii) equity-based awards, denominated in shares of the Company’s common stock, including incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, unrestricted stock awards, performance share awards and dividend equivalent rights. Incentive stock options may be granted only to Company employees. Nonqualified stock options may be granted to Company employees, outside directors and consultants. As of June 30, 2018, the Company had reserved 1,348,173 shares of our common stock for issuance under our 2014 Plan, subject to automatic annual increases as set forth in the plan. Options and awards under the 2014 Plan may be granted for periods of up to ten years. Employee options granted by the Company generally vest over four years. Restricted stock awards granted to employees, directors and consultants can be subject to the same vesting conditions and the right of repurchase by the Company on unvested shares as determined by our board of directors. As of June 30, 2018, the Company had 179,475 shares available for grant under the 2014 Plan. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company granted 131,000 stock option awards to non-employee Directors.

The following table summarizes option and award activity, excluding inducement grants, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 (unaudited):

									Weighted-
							Weighted-		Average
							Average		Remaining
	Shares			Outstanding			Exercise		Contractual		Aggregate
	Available for			Number			Price per		Term		Intrinsic
	Grant			of Shares			Share		(In Years)		Value
Balance at December 31, 2017		29,571			99,029		$	25.33
Additional shares reserved		1,225,223			—		$	—
Options granted		(1,079,700	)		1,079,700		$	4.28
Options cancelled/forfeited/expired		6,248			(6,248	)	$	23.03
Shares expired under 2012 Plan		(1,867	)		—		$	—
Balance at June 30, 2018		179,475			1,172,481		$	5.96		9.67	$	—
Exercisable at June 30, 2018					81,371		$	18.34		8.73	$	—
Vested or expected to vest at June 30, 2018					1,060,324		$	6.09		9.66	$	—

The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the option and the estimated fair value of the Company’s common stock for in-the-money options at June 30, 2018.

Inducement Grants

The Company has also awarded inducement grants to purchase common stock to new employees outside the existing equity compensation plans in accordance with Nasdaq listing rule 5635(c)(4). Such options vest at a rate of 25% of the shares on the first anniversary of the commencement of such employee’s employment with the Company, and then one forty-eighth (1/48) of the shares monthly thereafter subject to such employee’s continued service. The following table summarizes the Company’s inducement grant stock option activities:

				Weighted-		Remaining
	Outstanding			Average		Contractual		Aggregate
	Number			Exercise		Term		Intrinsic
	of Shares			Price per Share		(In Years)		Value
Balance at December 31, 2017		19,350		$	19.12
Options granted		—		$	—
Options cancelled/forfeited/expired		(5,513	)	$	15.40
Balance at June 30, 2018		13,837		$	20.60		5.02	$	—
Exercisable at June 30, 2018		9,165		$	17.78		3.07	$	—
Vested or expected to vest at June 30, 2018		13,430		$	20.43		4.91	$	—

The following summarizes the composition of stock options outstanding and exercisable within the approved stock options plans, which excludes inducement grants, as of June 30, 2018:

	Options Outstanding						Options Exercisable
			Weighted-
			Average		Weighted				Weighted
			Remaining		Average				Average
	Number of		Contractual		Exercise		Number of		Exercise
Exercise Price	Shares		Life (in years)		Price		Shares		Price
$4.24 - $4.24		946,064		9.79	$	4.24		39,504	$	4.24
$4.24 - $146.60		224,767		9.21	$	11.87		40,587	$	26.79
$181.00 - $181.00		100		6.81	$	181.00		83	$	181.00
$182.60 - $182.60		150		6.82	$	182.60		118	$	182.60
$185.80 - $185.80		1,400		6.89	$	185.80		1,079	$	185.80

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Total stock-based compensation expense recognized was as follows:

	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	(unaudited; in thousands)				(unaudited; in thousands)
Research and development	$	142	$	76	$	209	$	137
General and administrative		188		107		260		279
	$	330	$	183	$	469	$	416

As of June 30, 2018, the Company had $3.8 million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation, net of estimated forfeitures, related to outstanding stock options that will be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.7 years.

The Company’s stock-based compensation expense for stock options is estimated at the grant date based on the award’s fair value as calculated by the Black-Scholes option pricing model and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires various highly judgmental assumptions including expected volatility and expected term. The expected volatility is based on the historical stock volatilities of several of the Company’s publicly listed peers over a period equal to the expected terms of the options as the Company does not have sufficient trading history to use the volatility of its own common stock. To estimate the expected term, the Company has opted to use the simplified method which is the use of the midpoint of the vesting term and the contractual term. If any of the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model changes significantly, stock-based compensation expense may differ materially in the future from that recorded in the current period. In addition, the Company estimates the forfeiture rate based on historical experience and its expectations regarding future pre-vesting termination behavior of employees. To the extent that the actual forfeiture rate is different from this estimate, stock-based compensation expense is adjusted accordingly.

The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions for the Black-Scholes option-pricing model used in determining the fair value of options granted:

	For the three months ended June 30,		For the six months ended June 30,
	2018	2017	2018	2017
Dividend yield	0%	0%	0%	0%
Risk-free interest rate	2.74% - 3.11%	1.90%	2.74% - 3.11%	1.90% - 2.13%
Expected volatility	89%	89%	89%	89%
Expected term (years)	6.08	6.08	6.08	6.08

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Organization and Basis of Presentation (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, the instructions to Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X. They do not include all the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the six months ended June 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2018, or any other subsequent period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017, included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K and filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filed March 12, 2018.

On January 23, 2018, the Company’s stockholders approved an increase to the number of authorized shares of the Company’s common stock from 100,000,000 to 250,000,000 shares. On January 23, 2018, the board of directors approved a 1-for-20 reverse stock split of our outstanding common stock, which was effected on January 25, 2018. At the effective time, every twenty shares of common stock issued and outstanding were automatically combined into one share of issued and outstanding common stock. The par value of the Company’s stock remained unchanged at $0.0001 per share. No fractional shares of our common stock were issued in the reverse stock split, but in lieu thereof, each holder of common stock who would otherwise have been entitled to a fraction of a share in the reverse stock split received a cash payment. In addition, by reducing the number of the Company’s outstanding shares, its loss per share in all prior periods increased by a factor of twenty. A proportionate adjustment was also made to the per share exercise price and the number of shares issuable upon the exercise of its outstanding equity awards, options and warrants to purchase shares of its common stock and to the number of shares reserved for issuance pursuant to its equity incentive compensation plans. The reverse stock split affected all stockholders uniformly. As a result of the reverse stock split, the number of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock as of January 25, 2018 decreased from 39,460,931 (pre-split) shares to 1,973,039 (post-split) shares. Unless otherwise noted, all share and per share information included in the financial statements have been retroactively adjusted to give effect to the reverse stock split.

Liquidity

Liquidity

As of June 30, 2018, the Company has an accumulated deficit of $242.9 million, as well as recurring operating losses and negative cash flows from operating activities. Cash and cash equivalents at June 30, 2018 were approximately $16.2 million and short-term investments of $21.4 million. On April 3, 2018, the Company closed a public offering of 10,000,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $5.00 per share. The Company received gross proceeds of $50.0 million and approximately $45.6 million of net proceeds from the offering and plans to use the net proceeds from the offering to complete the long-term safety study of M207, and for working capital and general corporate purposes. The Company believes the completion of the public offering will allow it to continue executing on the timely filing of its NDA for M207, which it expects will occur in the fourth quarter of 2019. We expect cash and cash equivalents and investments will be sufficient to enable us to fund our anticipated level of operations based on our current operating plans beyond twelve months following the date of issuance of this Quarterly Report on From 10-Q.

The Company has financed its operations through the sale of equity securities and debt financing. To date, none of the Company’s product candidates have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for sale. The Company will continue to require additional financing to develop its product candidate, develop additional product candidates and fund operating losses. Management intends to seek capital to support the Company’s initiatives through financing activities such as public or private offerings of its common stock, and/or preferred stock offerings, issuances of debt and convertible debt instruments and collaborative or other arrangements with corporate partners. However, if such financing is not available at adequate levels or on acceptable terms, the Company could be required to significantly reduce its operating expenses and delay, reduce the scope of or eliminate some of its development programs, out-license intellectual property rights, or a combination of the above, which may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and/or its ability to meet its scheduled obligations on a timely basis, if at all.

The Company will continue to evaluate its timelines, strategic needs, and balance sheet requirements. There can be no assurance that if the Company attempts to raise additional capital, it will be successful in doing so on terms acceptable to the Company, or at all. Further there can be no assurance that it will be able to gain access and/or be able to execute on securing new sources of funding, new development opportunities, successfully obtain regulatory approvals for and commercialize new products, achieve significant product revenues from its products, or achieve or sustain profitability in the future.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the accompanying condensed financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to amounts shown in the statement of cash flows in thousand:

	June 30,
	2018		2017
Cash and cash equivalents	$	16,197	$	21,159
Restricted cash		35		35
	$	16,232	$	21,194

Restricted Cash

Restricted Cash

The Company’s restricted cash consists of funds set aside by a contractual pledge and security agreement with a bank whereby $35,000 is held as a security for corporate purchasing cards.

Marketable Securities

Marketable Securities

The Company classifies its investments in marketable securities as available-for sale. Investments with original maturities between three and twelve (12) months are considered short-term investments. Investments with original maturities greater than 12 months are considered long-term investments. The Company’s investments that are classified as available-for-sale are recorded at fair value based upon quoted market prices at period end. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded in earnings. Realized gains and losses are included in earnings and are derived using the specific identification method for determining the cost of investments sold.

Fair Value Instruments

Fair Value Instruments

The Company records its financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the reporting date. The accounting guidance establishes a three-tiered hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value as follows:

• Level 1: Inputs which include quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

• Level 2: Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

• Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable, approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value of the Company’s short-term notes payable approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing are consistent with current market rates and the duration to maturity is short.

Revenue

Revenue

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. In accordance with ASC Topic 606, the Company recognizes revenue when the customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which it expects to receive in exchange for those goods and services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company deems are within the scope of ASC Topic 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) calculate transfer price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligation in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists of amounts related to fees resulting from feasibility research projects received prior to satisfying the revenue recognition criteria (see, Revenue) and are recognized as deferred revenue in our balance sheet. Amounts are recognized as revenue upon satisfaction of the performance obligation as prescribed under ASC Topic 606.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred and consist of costs related to (i) furthering the Company’s research and development efforts, and (ii) designing and manufacturing products that incorporate the Company’s ADAM technology for the Company’s clinical and nonclinical studies.

Net Loss Per Common Share

Net Loss Per Common Share

Basic net loss per common share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive common stock equivalents. Diluted earnings per common share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding for the period. For purposes of this calculation, warrants and options to purchase common stock are considered potentially dilutive common stock equivalents. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, diluted net loss per common share was the same as basic net loss per common share since the effect of inclusion of potentially dilutive common stock equivalents would have an antidilutive effect due to the loss reported. The following outstanding common stock equivalents were excluded from the computations of diluted net loss per common share for the periods presented as the effect of including such securities would be antidilutive:

	June 30,
	2018		2017
Warrants to purchase common stock		199,524		347,311
Options to purchase common stock		1,186,318		109,173
		1,385,842		456,484

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718); Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting which aligned certain aspects of share-based payments accounting between employees and non-employees. Specifically nonemployee share-based payment awards within the scope of Topic 718 are measured at grant-date fair value of the equity instruments that an entity is obligated to issue when the good has been delivered or the service has been rendered and any other conditions necessary to earn the right to benefit from the instruments have been satisfied and an entity considers the probability of satisfying performance conditions when nonemployee share-based payment awards contain such conditions. ASU No. 2018-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than an entity’s adoption date of Topic 606. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2018-07 to determine the impact to its condensed financial statements and related disclosures.

In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), (Part I) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception, which allows for the exclusion of a down round feature, when evaluating whether or not an instrument or embedded feature requires derivative classification. ASU No. 2017-11 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2017-11 to determine the impact to its condensed financial statements and related disclosures.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This new guidance is intended to present credit losses on available for sale debt securities as an allowance rather than as a write-down. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual reporting periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Adoption of ASU 2016-13 is not expected to have a significant impact in the Company’s financial statements and disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. Under the new guidance, lessees will be required to recognize substantially all leases on the balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and recognize a corresponding lease liability. The accounting applied by a lessor is largely unchanged from that applied under previous U.S. GAAP. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard on our financial position, results of operation or cash flows.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Reconciliation of Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to amounts shown in the statement of cash flows in thousand:

	June 30,
	2018		2017
Cash and cash equivalents	$	16,197	$	21,159
Restricted cash		35		35
	$	16,232	$	21,194

Schedule of Outstanding Common Stock Equivalents Excluded From Computations of Diluted Net Loss per Common Share

The following outstanding common stock equivalents were excluded from the computations of diluted net loss per common share for the periods presented as the effect of including such securities would be antidilutive:

	June 30,
	2018		2017
Warrants to purchase common stock		199,524		347,311
Options to purchase common stock		1,186,318		109,173
		1,385,842		456,484

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Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments in Marketable Securities (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]

Summary of Cash Equivalents and Investments Carried at Fair Value

 The following table presents cash equivalents and investments carried at fair value in accordance with the fair value hierarchy defined in Note 2.

			Fair Value Measurements
			Quoted prices in active market Level I		Significant other observable inputs Level II		Significant unobservable inputs Level III
	(unaudited; in thousands)
As of June 30, 2018:
Cash and restricted cash, included in cash equivalents (1)	$	1,893
	Total
Money market funds, included in cash equivalents		5,109		5,109		—		—
Commercial paper, included in cash equivalents		5,733		—		5,733		—
U.S. treasuries, included in cash equivalents		1,000		1,000		—		—
U.S. government agencies, included in cash equivalents		2,497		—		2,497		—
Commercial paper		5,205		—		5,205		—
Corporate notes and bonds		6,482		—		6,482		—
U.S. treasuries		9,754		9,754		—		—
Total	$	35,780	$	15,863	$	19,917		—
As of December 31, 2017:
Cash and restricted cash, included in cash equivalents (1)	$	4,587
	Total
Money market funds, included in cash equivalents		6,414		6,414		—		—
U.S. government agencies, included in cash equivalents		650		—		650		—
Total	$	7,064	$	6,414	$	650		—

(1) Not subject to leveling

Summary of Investment Available for Sale

As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 available-for-sale investments are detailed as follows:

	June 30, 2018
	Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
	(unaudited; in thousands)
Commercial paper	$	10,943		—		(5	)	$	10,938
Corporate notes and bonds		6,489		—		(7	)		6,482
U.S. Treasuries		10,756		—		(2	)		10,754
U.S. Government agencies		2,497		—		—			2,497
	$	30,685	$	—	$	(14	)	$	30,671
	December 31, 2017
	Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
	(in thousands)
U.S. government agency bonds	$	650		—		—		$	650
	$	650	$	—	$	—		$	650

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Property and Equipment (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Schedule of Property and Equipment

The following summarizes the Company’s property and equipment for each of the periods presented:

	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	(unaudited; in thousands)
Laboratory and office equipment	$	1,343		$	1,159
Manufacturing equipment		10,423			10,387
Computer equipment and software		223			209
Leasehold improvements		16,460			15,660
Construction in progress		3,637			2,351
		32,086			29,766
Less: accumulated depreciation		(25,954	)		(25,614	)
	$	6,132		$	4,152

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Debt Financing (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Debt, Net of Unamortized Debt Discount and Issuance Costs

The following is a summary of the Company’s debt, net of unamortized debt discount and issuance costs for the periods presented:

	June 30,			December 31,
	2018			2017
	(unaudited; in thousands)
Principal amount	$	3,233		$	6,316
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs		(2	)		(10	)
unamortized fair value of free standing warrant		(4	)		(18	)
Plus: unamortized fair value debt premium		8			35
accrued terminal interest		344			320
accrued interest		21			44
Secured promissory note, net of unamortized debt issuance cost and premium, current	$	3,600		$	6,687

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Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Future Minimum Payments under Non-Cancellable Related Party Operating Lease

As of June 30, 2018, future minimum payments under the Company’s non-cancelable related party operating lease for each year ending December 31 are as follows:

	Total
	(unaudited; in thousands)
Remaining of 2018	$	833
2019		1,754
2020		1,807
2021		1,861
2022		1,914
2023 and thereafter		3,310
	$	11,479

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Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Federal Home Loan Banks [Abstract]

Summary of Warrants Issued and Outstanding

Below is a table summarizing the warrants issued and outstanding for each of the periods presented:

	Warrants Outstanding as of As of December 31, 2017		Warrants Exercised		Warrants Expired		Warrants Outstanding As of June 30, 2018		Exercise Price		Expiration Date
PIPE Financing - Series B		195,906		—		—		195,906	$	31.00		8/19/2021
Hercules - June 2014		1,583		—		—		1,583	$	176.80		1/27/2020
Hercules - June 2015		2,035		—		—		2,035	$	147.40		6/23/2020
Total		199,524		—		—		199,524

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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Summary of Stock Option and Award Activity Excluding Inducement Grants

The following table summarizes option and award activity, excluding inducement grants, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 (unaudited):

									Weighted-
							Weighted-		Average
							Average		Remaining
	Shares			Outstanding			Exercise		Contractual		Aggregate
	Available for			Number			Price per		Term		Intrinsic
	Grant			of Shares			Share		(In Years)		Value
Balance at December 31, 2017		29,571			99,029		$	25.33
Additional shares reserved		1,225,223			—		$	—
Options granted		(1,079,700	)		1,079,700		$	4.28
Options cancelled/forfeited/expired		6,248			(6,248	)	$	23.03
Shares expired under 2012 Plan		(1,867	)		—		$	—
Balance at June 30, 2018		179,475			1,172,481		$	5.96		9.67	$	—
Exercisable at June 30, 2018					81,371		$	18.34		8.73	$	—
Vested or expected to vest at June 30, 2018					1,060,324		$	6.09		9.66	$	—

Summary of Company's Inducement Grant Stock Option Activities

The following table summarizes the Company’s inducement grant stock option activities:

				Weighted-		Remaining
	Outstanding			Average		Contractual		Aggregate
	Number			Exercise		Term		Intrinsic
	of Shares			Price per Share		(In Years)		Value
Balance at December 31, 2017		19,350		$	19.12
Options granted		—		$	—
Options cancelled/forfeited/expired		(5,513	)	$	15.40
Balance at June 30, 2018		13,837		$	20.60		5.02	$	—
Exercisable at June 30, 2018		9,165		$	17.78		3.07	$	—
Vested or expected to vest at June 30, 2018		13,430		$	20.43		4.91	$	—

Summary of Stock Options Outstanding and Exercisable within the Approved Stock Options Plans, Excludes Inducement Grants

The following summarizes the composition of stock options outstanding and exercisable within the approved stock options plans, which excludes inducement grants, as of June 30, 2018:

	Options Outstanding						Options Exercisable
			Weighted-
			Average		Weighted				Weighted
			Remaining		Average				Average
	Number of		Contractual		Exercise		Number of		Exercise
Exercise Price	Shares		Life (in years)		Price		Shares		Price
$4.24 - $4.24		946,064		9.79	$	4.24		39,504	$	4.24
$4.24 - $146.60		224,767		9.21	$	11.87		40,587	$	26.79
$181.00 - $181.00		100		6.81	$	181.00		83	$	181.00
$182.60 - $182.60		150		6.82	$	182.60		118	$	182.60
$185.80 - $185.80		1,400		6.89	$	185.80		1,079	$	185.80

Summary of Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Total stock-based compensation expense recognized was as follows:

	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	(unaudited; in thousands)				(unaudited; in thousands)
Research and development	$	142	$	76	$	209	$	137
General and administrative		188		107		260		279
	$	330	$	183	$	469	$	416

Schedule of Weighted-Average Assumptions for the Black-Scholes Option-Pricing Model Used in Determining the Fair Value of Options Granted

The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions for the Black-Scholes option-pricing model used in determining the fair value of options granted:

	For the three months ended June 30,		For the six months ended June 30,
	2018	2017	2018	2017
Dividend yield	0%	0%	0%	0%
Risk-free interest rate	2.74% - 3.11%	1.90%	2.74% - 3.11%	1.90% - 2.13%
Expected volatility	89%	89%	89%	89%
Expected term (years)	6.08	6.08	6.08	6.08

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Organization and Basis of Presentation - Additional Information (Detail) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands						3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Apr. 03, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jan. 25, 2018 shares	Jan. 23, 2018 $ / shares shares	Jan. 22, 2018 $ / shares shares	Mar. 22, 2017 $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Jan. 24, 2018 shares	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Common stock shares authorized | shares		250,000,000	250,000,000	100,000,000			250,000,000		100,000,000	100,000,000
Stockholders equity reverse stock split			1-for-20				1-for-20
Stock split ratio		0.05	0.05
Common stock par value | $ / shares			$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001			$ 0.0001			$ 0.0001
Common shares outstanding change due to split | shares			1,973,039	39,460,931
Accumulated deficit							$ (242,916)			$ (225,874)
Cash and cash equivalents							16,197	$ 21,159		11,651
Common stock shares issued | shares	10,000,000				977,500
Offering price per share | $ / shares	$ 5.00				$ 30.00
Gross proceeds from issuance of stock	$ 50,000
Proceeds from issuance of stock	$ 45,600					$ 26,600	45,603	$ 26,623
Short-term investments							$ 21,441			$ 0

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Summary of Reconciliation of Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 16,197	$ 11,651	$ 21,159
Restricted cash	35		35
Total	$ 16,232	$ 11,686	$ 21,194	$ 15,038

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Detail) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)
Regulatory Assets [Abstract]
Restricted cash	$ 35,000

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Outstanding Common Stock Equivalents Excluded From Computations of Diluted Net Loss per Common Share (Detail) - shares shares in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Common stock excluded from computation of diluted net loss per share	1,385,842	456,484
Warrants to Purchase Common Stock [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Common stock excluded from computation of diluted net loss per share	199,524	347,311
Options to Purchase Common Stock [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Common stock excluded from computation of diluted net loss per share	1,186,318	109,173

XML

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments in Marketable Securities - Summary of Cash Equivalents and Investments Carried at Fair Value (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Cash and restricted cash, included in cash equivalents	$ 16,232	$ 11,686	$ 21,194	$ 15,038
Available for sale securities	30,671	650
Commercial Paper [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	10,938
Corporate Notes and Bonds [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	6,482
U.S Treasuries [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	10,754
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Cash and restricted cash, included in cash equivalents	1,893	4,587
Available for sale securities	35,780	7,064
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Money Market Funds Included In Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	5,109	6,414
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Commercial Paper Included In Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	5,733
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | US Treasury Securities Included in Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	1,000
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | US Government Agencies Debt Securities Included in Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	2,497	650
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Commercial Paper [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	5,205
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Corporate Notes and Bonds [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	6,482
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | U.S Treasuries [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	9,754
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level I [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	15,863	6,414
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level I [Member] | Money Market Funds Included In Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	5,109	6,414
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level I [Member] | Commercial Paper Included In Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level I [Member] | US Treasury Securities Included in Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	1,000
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level I [Member] | US Government Agencies Debt Securities Included in Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	0	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level I [Member] | Commercial Paper [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level I [Member] | Corporate Notes and Bonds [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level I [Member] | U.S Treasuries [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	9,754
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level II [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	19,917	650
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level II [Member] | Money Market Funds Included In Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	0	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level II [Member] | Commercial Paper Included In Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	5,733
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level II [Member] | US Treasury Securities Included in Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level II [Member] | US Government Agencies Debt Securities Included in Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	2,497	650
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level II [Member] | Commercial Paper [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	5,205
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level II [Member] | Corporate Notes and Bonds [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	6,482
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level II [Member] | U.S Treasuries [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level III [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	0	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level III [Member] | Money Market Funds Included In Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	0	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level III [Member] | Commercial Paper Included In Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level III [Member] | US Treasury Securities Included in Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level III [Member] | US Government Agencies Debt Securities Included in Cash Equivalents [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	0	$ 0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level III [Member] | Commercial Paper [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level III [Member] | Corporate Notes and Bonds [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	0
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Level III [Member] | U.S Treasuries [Member]
Schedule Of Cash Equivalents And Available For Sale Investments [Line Items]
Available for sale securities	$ 0

XML

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments in Marketable Securities - Summary of Investment Available for Sale (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Cost	$ 30,685	$ 650
Gross Unrealized Gains	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	(14)	0
Estimated Fair Value	30,671	650
Commercial Paper [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Cost	10,943
Gross Unrealized Gains	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	(5)
Estimated Fair Value	10,938
Corporate Notes and Bonds [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Cost	6,489
Gross Unrealized Gains	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	(7)
Estimated Fair Value	6,482
U.S Treasuries [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Cost	10,756
Gross Unrealized Gains	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	(2)
Estimated Fair Value	10,754
U.S Government Agency Bonds [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Cost	2,497	650
Gross Unrealized Gains	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	0	0
Estimated Fair Value	$ 2,497	$ 650

XML

Property and Equipment - Schedule of Property and Equipment (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 32,086	$ 29,766
Less: accumulated depreciation	(25,954)	(25,614)
Property and equipment, net	6,132	4,152
Laboratory and Office Equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	1,343	1,159
Manufacturing Equipment [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	10,423	10,387
Computer Equipment and Software [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	223	209
Leasehold Improvements [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	16,460	15,660
Construction in Progress [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 3,637	$ 2,351

XML

Property and Equipment - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Depreciation and amortization expense	$ 200	$ 600	$ 391	$ 1,261

XML

Debt Financing - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2014	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017	Jun. 01, 2017
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest expense		$ 100,000	$ 200,000	$ 300,000	$ 500,000
Senior Secured Term Loan with Hercules [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt interest rate						7.95%
Senior Subordinated Notes [Member] | Senior Secured Term Loan with Hercules [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt payment terms				Equal installment payments of principal and interest are due monthly, with all outstanding amounts due and payable on December 1, 2018.
Debt face amount		15,000,000		$ 15,000,000
Debt payment, due and payable date				Dec. 01, 2018
Debt effective interest rate	7.95%
Debt variable interest rate	7.95%
Debt additional variable interest rate decrease	5.25%
Debt end of term charge							$ 100,000
Debt prepayment penalty description				The Company may prepay all, but not less than all, of the Hercules Term Loan with no prepayment charge.
Additional debt end of term charge		$ 351,135		$ 351,135
Debt interest rate		7.95%		7.95%
Senior Subordinated Notes [Member] | Senior Secured Term Loan with Hercules [Member] | After June 23, 2017 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment penalty charge on outstanding principal after lock-in period	$ 0

XML

Debt Financing - Summary of Debt, Net of Unamortized Debt Discount and Issuance Costs (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Debt
Principal amount	$ 3,233	$ 6,316
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs	(2)	(10)
unamortized fair value of free standing warrant	(4)	(18)
Plus: unamortized fair value debt premium	8	35
accrued terminal interest	344	320
accrued interest	21	44
Secured promissory note, net of unamortized debt issuance cost and premium, current	$ 3,600	$ 6,687

XML

Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)				3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	May 10, 2018	Jun. 06, 2017	May 08, 2017	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Purchase commitments related to fixed assets						$ 12,200,000
Chief Executive Officer [Member] | Employee Severance [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Severance cost			$ 252,000
Term of base salary and benefit continuation coverage on separation agreement			6 months
Chief Financial Officer [Member] | Employee Severance [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Severance cost	$ 201,000
Term of base salary and benefit continuation coverage on separation agreement						6 months
Accrued and unpaid severance cost						$ 152,000
Percentage of unvested portion of equity awards at time of resignation						25.00%
Seventh Amendment to Lease Agreement [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Operating lease amendment description						Under the Seventh Amendment, the Company extended the term of the lease for the Company’s headquarters in Fremont, California through August 31, 2024, with an option to further extend the lease for an additional 65 months, subject to certain terms and conditions. The Company has agreed to pay a monthly base rent of $136,191 for the period commencing September 1, 2017, and ending on August 31, 2018, with an increase on September 1, 2018, and annual increases on September 1 of each subsequent year until the lease year beginning September 1, 2023. The Seventh Amendment also provides for rent abatements, subject to certain conditions, totaling $275,552 and certain tenant improvements to be completed at the Landlord’s expense (not to exceed $975,000 or, under certain conditions, $1,100,000). The Company will incur additional expense of approximately $0.4 million under the lease in connection with roof repairs that will be treated as additional rent and paid over the term of the lease.
Extended lease term		65 months
Monthly base rent payable		$ 136,191
Rent abatements		275,552
Tenant improvements		975,000
Tenant improvements under certain conditions		1,100,000
Additional expense incurred under operating lease		$ 400,000
Eight Amendment [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Rental expense				$ 400,000	$ 200,000	$ 800,000	$ 400,000

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Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Future Minimum Payments under Non-Cancellable Related Party Operating Lease (Detail) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
Operating lease future minimum payments due, remaining of 2018	$ 833
Operating lease future minimum payments due, 2019	1,754
Operating lease future minimum payments due, 2020	1,807
Operating lease future minimum payments due, 2021	1,861
Operating lease future minimum payments due, 2022	1,914
2023 and thereafter	3,310
Operating lease future minimum payments due	$ 11,479

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Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Detail) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands						3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Apr. 03, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jan. 25, 2018 shares	Jan. 23, 2018 shares	Oct. 20, 2017 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Mar. 22, 2017 $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2018 USD ($) shares	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($) shares	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Jan. 24, 2018 shares	Jan. 22, 2018 shares	Dec. 31, 2017 shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized		250,000,000	250,000,000				250,000,000		100,000,000	100,000,000	100,000,000
Reverse stock split, conversion ratio		0.05	0.05
Reverse stock split description			1-for-20				1-for-20
Common stock shares issued	10,000,000				977,500
Offering price per share | $ / shares	$ 5.00				$ 30.00
Proceeds from issuance of stock | $	$ 45,600					$ 26,600	$ 45,603	$ 26,623
Gross proceeds from issuance of stock | $	$ 50,000
Equity warrants outstanding							199,524				199,524
Number of securities called by each warrant							1
Lincoln Park Capital Fund Llc [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock shares issued							0
Over-Allotment [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock shares issued						127,500
Equity Lines of Credit [Member] | Lincoln Park Capital Fund Llc [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares obligated to purchase | $				$ 35,000
Common stock shares issued				11,375
Fair value of share | $ / shares				$ 15.30
Additional shares committed to issue				11,375
Equity Lines of Credit [Member] | Director [Member] | Lincoln Park Capital Fund Llc [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares reserved for future issuance				392,104

XML

Stockholders' Equity - Summary of Warrants Issued and Outstanding (Detail) - $ / shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants Exercised	0
Warrants Expired	0
Warrants Outstanding	199,524	199,524
Hercules - June 2014 [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants Exercised	0
Warrants Expired	0
Warrants Outstanding	1,583	1,583
Exercise Price	$ 176.80
Expiration Date	Jan. 27, 2020
Hercules - June 2015 [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants Exercised	0
Warrants Expired	0
Warrants Outstanding	2,035	2,035
Exercise Price	$ 147.40
Expiration Date	Jun. 23, 2020
Private Investment in Public Equity (PIPE) [Member] | Series B [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants Exercised	0
Warrants Expired	0
Warrants Outstanding	195,906	195,906
Exercise Price	$ 31.00
Expiration Date	Aug. 19, 2021

XML

Stock-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares available for grant	179,475	29,571
Stock option awards granted	1,079,700
Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense	$ 3.8
Weighted-average period of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense	3 years 8 months 12 days
New Employee [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting percentage	25.00%
Vesting term	Options vest at a rate of 25% of the shares on the first anniversary of the commencement of such employee’s employment with the Company, and then one forty-eighth (1/48) of the shares monthly thereafter subject to such employee’s continued service.
Non Employee Director [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock option awards granted	131,000
Amended and Restated 2014 Equity and Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common stock reserved for future issuance	1,348,173
Options vested period	4 years
Shares available for grant	179,475
Amended and Restated 2014 Equity and Incentive Plan [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Options grant period	10 years

XML

Stock-Based Compensation - Summary of Stock Option and Award Activity Excluding Inducement Grants (Detail) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable | $	$ 0
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested or expected to vest | $	$ 0
Shares Available for Grant, Beginning balance	29,571
Shares Available for Grant, Options reserved	1,225,223
Shares Available for Grant, Options granted	(1,079,700)
Shares Available for Grant, Options cancelled/forfeited/expired	6,248
Shares Available for Grant, Shares expired under 2012 Plan	(1,867)
Shares Available for Grant, Ending balance	179,475
Outstanding Number of Shares, Beginning balance	99,029
Outstanding Number of Shares, Options granted	1,079,700
Outstanding Number of Shares, Options cancelled/forfeited/expired	(6,248)
Outstanding Number of Shares, Ending balance	1,172,481
Outstanding Number of Shares, Exercisable	81,371
Outstanding Number of Shares, Restricted stock vested and released	1,060,324
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, beginning balance | $ / shares	$ 25.33
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Options granted | $ / shares	4.28
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Options cancelled/forfeited/expired | $ / shares	23.03
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Ending balance | $ / shares	5.96
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Exercisable | $ / shares	18.34
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Vested or expected to vest | $ / shares	$ 6.09
Average Remaining Contractual Term	9 years 8 months 2 days
Average Remaining Contractual Term, Exercisable	8 years 8 months 23 days
Average Remaining Contractual Term, Vested or expected to vest	9 years 7 months 28 days

XML

Stock-Based Compensation - Summary of Company's Inducement Grant Stock Option Activities (Detail) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Outstanding Number of Shares, Beginning balance | shares	99,029
Outstanding Number of Shares, Options granted | shares	1,079,700
Shares Available for Grant, Options cancelled/forfeited/expired | shares	6,248
Outstanding Number of Shares, Ending balance | shares	1,172,481
Outstanding Number of Shares, Exercisable | shares	81,371
Outstanding Number of Shares, Restricted stock vested and released | shares	1,060,324
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, beginning balance | $ / shares	$ 25.33
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Options granted | $ / shares	4.28
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Options cancelled/forfeited/expired | $ / shares	23.03
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Ending balance | $ / shares	5.96
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Exercisable | $ / shares	18.34
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Vested or expected to vest | $ / shares	$ 6.09
Remaining Contractual Term	9 years 8 months 2 days
Remaining Contractual Term, Exercisable	8 years 8 months 23 days
Remaining Contractual Term, Vested or expected to vest	9 years 7 months 28 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable | $	$ 0
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested or expected to vest | $	$ 0
Inducement Grant [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Outstanding Number of Shares, Beginning balance | shares	19,350
Outstanding Number of Shares, Options granted | shares	0
Shares Available for Grant, Options cancelled/forfeited/expired | shares	(5,513)
Outstanding Number of Shares, Ending balance | shares	13,837
Outstanding Number of Shares, Exercisable | shares	9,165
Outstanding Number of Shares, Restricted stock vested and released | shares	13,430
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, beginning balance | $ / shares	$ 19.12
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Options granted | $ / shares	0
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Options cancelled/forfeited/expired | $ / shares	15.40
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Ending balance | $ / shares	20.60
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Exercisable | $ / shares	17.78
Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share, Vested or expected to vest | $ / shares	$ 20.43
Remaining Contractual Term	5 years 7 days
Remaining Contractual Term, Exercisable	3 years 26 days
Remaining Contractual Term, Vested or expected to vest	4 years 10 months 28 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding | $	$ 0
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable | $	0
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested or expected to vest | $	$ 0

XML

Stock-Based Compensation - Summary of Stock Options Outstanding and Exercisable within the Approved Stock Options Plans, Excludes Inducement Grants (Detail) - 2012 and 2014 Plan Excluding Inducement Grants [Member]	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018 $ / shares shares
$4.24 - $4.24 [Member]
Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]
Options Outstanding, Exercise Price, Minimum	$ 4.24
Options Outstanding, Exercise Price, Maximum	$ 4.24
Options Outstanding, Number of Shares | shares	946,064
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)	9 years 9 months 14 days
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price	$ 4.24
Options Exercisable, Number of Shares | shares	39,504
Options Exercisable,Weighted Average Exercise Price	$ 4.24
$4.24 - $146.60 [Member]
Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]
Options Outstanding, Exercise Price, Minimum	4.24
Options Outstanding, Exercise Price, Maximum	$ 146.60
Options Outstanding, Number of Shares | shares	224,767
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)	9 years 2 months 16 days
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price	$ 11.87
Options Exercisable, Number of Shares | shares	40,587
Options Exercisable,Weighted Average Exercise Price	$ 26.79
$181.00 - $181.00 [Member]
Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]
Options Outstanding, Exercise Price, Minimum	181.00
Options Outstanding, Exercise Price, Maximum	$ 181.00
Options Outstanding, Number of Shares | shares	100
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)	6 years 9 months 22 days
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price	$ 181.00
Options Exercisable, Number of Shares | shares	83
Options Exercisable,Weighted Average Exercise Price	$ 181.00
$182.60 - $182.60 [Member]
Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]
Options Outstanding, Exercise Price, Minimum	182.60
Options Outstanding, Exercise Price, Maximum	$ 182.60
Options Outstanding, Number of Shares | shares	150
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)	6 years 9 months 25 days
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price	$ 182.60
Options Exercisable, Number of Shares | shares	118
Options Exercisable,Weighted Average Exercise Price	$ 182.60
$185.80 - $185.80 [Member]
Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]
Options Outstanding, Exercise Price, Minimum	185.80
Options Outstanding, Exercise Price, Maximum	$ 185.80
Options Outstanding, Number of Shares | shares	1,400
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)	6 years 10 months 21 days
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price	$ 185.80
Options Exercisable, Number of Shares | shares	1,079
Options Exercisable,Weighted Average Exercise Price	$ 185.80

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Stock-Based Compensation - Summary of Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 330	$ 183	$ 469	$ 416
Research and Development [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	142	76	209	137
General and administrative [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 188	$ 107	$ 260	$ 279

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Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Weighted-Average Assumptions for the Black-Scholes Option-Pricing Model Used in Determining the Fair Value of Options Granted (Detail)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]
Dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Risk-free interest rate		1.90%
Risk-free interest rate, minimum	2.74%		2.74%	1.90%
Risk-free interest rate, maximum	3.11%		3.11%	2.13%
Expected volatility	89.00%	89.00%	89.00%	89.00%
Expected term (years)	6 years 29 days	6 years 29 days	6 years 29 days	6 years 29 days