Intangible Assets and Goodwill

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Intangible Assets and Goodwill

7. Intangible Assets and Goodwill

The following table provides the components of the Company’s intangible assets (in thousands, except weighted average amortization period in years):

	Weighted
	Average	As of December 31, 2024						As of December 31, 2023
	Amortization	Initial		Accumulated		Net		Initial		Accumulated		Net
	Period	Cost		Amortization		Balance		Cost		Amortization		Balance
Franchise agreements	11.9	$	222,055	$	(140,869)	$	81,186	$	225,716	$	(124,200)	$	101,516
Other intangible assets:
Software (a)	3.8	$	57,243	$	(46,829)	$	10,414	$	52,918	$	(39,192)	$	13,726
Trademarks	9.0		900		(684)		216		971		(649)		322
Non-compete agreements	5.0		12,721		(9,969)		2,752		13,051		(8,156)		4,895
Training materials	—		2,400		(2,400)		—		2,400		(2,400)		—
Other	7.0		870		(870)		—		870		(637)		233
Total other intangible assets	4.3	$	74,134	$	(60,752)	$	13,382	$	70,210	$	(51,034)	$	19,176

(a) As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, capitalized software development costs of $1.2 million and $1.0 million, respectively, were related to technology projects not yet complete and ready for their intended use and thus were not subject to amortization.

Amortization expense was $27.2 million, $29.9 million and $33.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

As of December 31, 2024, the estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets includes the estimated amortization expense associated with the Company’s intangible assets assumed with the Company’s acquisitions (in thousands):

2025	$	23,135
2026		16,770
2027		9,685
2028		8,258
2029		6,983
Thereafter		29,737
	$	94,568

The following table presents changes to goodwill by reportable segment for the period from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2024 (in thousands):

	Real Estate		Mortgage		Total
Balance, January 1, 2023	$	239,993	$	18,633	$	258,626
Impairment charge		—		(18,633)		(18,633)
Effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates		1,171		—		1,171
Balance, January 1, 2024	$	241,164	$	—	$	241,164
Effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates		(3,925)		—		(3,925)
Balance, December 31, 2024	$	237,239	$	—	$	237,239

Impairment charge - goodwill

The Company assesses goodwill for impairment at least annually or whenever an event occurs, or circumstances change that would indicate impairment may have occurred at the reporting unit level. Reporting units are driven by the level at which segment management reviews operating results.

During the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company tested and identified impairment indicators associated with the Mortgage reporting unit in the Mortgage Segment, primarily due to a decline in projected net cash flows resulting from continued macroeconomic pressures and revised franchise sales forecasts. Therefore, the Company fully impaired the reporting unit’s goodwill and recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $18.6 million in “Settlement and impairment charges” in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

During the fourth quarter of 2022, in connection with the strategic shift and restructuring of its business, the Company made the decision to wind down the Gadberry Group reporting unit in the Real Estate segment. Therefore, the Company fully impaired the Gadberry Group reporting unit goodwill and recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $7.1 million, in “Settlement and impairment charges” in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).