Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

11. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering assumptions, the Company follows a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

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Level 1: Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

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Level 2: Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-derived valuations, in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets. The fair value of the Company’s debt reflects a Level 2 measurement and was estimated based on quoted prices for the Company’s debt instruments in an inactive market.

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Level 3: Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions. Level 3 liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis consist of the Company’s contingent consideration related to the acquisition of Motto.

A summary of the Company’s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis is as follows (in thousands):


	As of December 31, 2019							As of December 31, 2018
	Fair Value		Level 1			Level 3		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	$	5,005	$	—	—	$	5,005	$	5,070	$	—	$	—	$	5,070

The Company is required to pay additional purchase consideration totaling 8% of gross receipts collected by Motto each year (the “Revenue Share Year”) through September 30, 2026, with no limitation as to the maximum payout. The annual payment is required to be made within 120 days of the end of each Revenue Share Year. Each Revenue Share Year ends September 30. The fair value of the contingent purchase consideration represents the forecasted discounted cash payments that the Company expects to pay. Increases or decreases in the fair value of the contingent purchase consideration can result from changes in discount rates as well as the timing and amount of forecasted revenues. The forecasted revenue growth assumption that is most sensitive related to assumed franchise sales count for which the forecast assumes between 50 and 80 franchises sold annually. This assumption is based on historical sales and an assumption of growth over time. A 10% reduction in the number of franchise sales would decrease the liability by $0.3 million. A 1% change to the discount rate applied to the forecast changes the liability by approximately $0.2 million. The Company measures this liability each reporting period and recognizes changes in fair value, if any, in “Selling, operating and administrative expenses” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income.

The table below presents a reconciliation of the contingent consideration (in thousands):


Balance at January 1, 2018	$	6,580
Fair value adjustments ^(a)		(1,289)
Cash payments		(221)
Balance at December 31, 2018		5,070
Fair value adjustments ^(a)		241
Cash payments		(306)
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	5,005

(a)	Fair value adjustments relate to realignment of future franchise sales assumptions to more closely reflect historical sales trends from inception to date.

The Company assesses categorization of assets and liabilities by level at each measurement date, and transfers between levels are recognized on the actual date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer. There were no transfers between Levels I, II and III during the year ended December 31, 2019.

The following table summarizes the carrying value and estimated fair value of the Senior Secured Credit Facility (in thousands):


	December 31,				December 31,
	2019				2018
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value Level 2		Carrying Amount		Fair Value Level 2
Senior Secured Credit Facility	$	225,319	$	227,363	$	227,152	$	221,673

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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