Revenues

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected term of one year or less, which primarily represent the transaction price allocated to the remaining display period for unsatisfied transit franchise contracts. Unsatisfied performance obligations with an original expected term of over one year relate to multi-year marketing and multimedia rights agreements with customers of our Sports Marketing operating segment, the value of which is $86.9 million as of December 31, 2019, are expected to be satisfied over the next 5 years.

For all revenue sources, we evaluate whether we should be considered the principal (i.e., report revenues on a gross basis) or an agent (i.e., report revenues on a net basis). Except for an insignificant number of smaller sports marketing contracts, we are considered the principal in our arrangements and report revenues on a gross basis, wherein the amounts billed to customers are recorded as revenues, and amounts paid to municipalities, transit operators, educational institutions and suppliers are recorded as expenses. We are considered the principal because we control the advertising space and multi-media rights before and after the contract term, are primarily responsible to our customers, have discretion in pricing and typically have inventory risk.

For space provided to advertisers through the use of an advertising agency whose commission is calculated based on a stated percentage of gross advertising spending, our Revenues are reported net of agency commissions.

The following table summarizes revenues by source:



	Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)	2019		2018		2017
Billboard:
Static displays	$	894.1	$	858.1	$	839.7
Digital displays	252.7		216.1		173.7
Other	43.1		38.2		45.6
Billboard revenues	1,189.9		1,112.4		1,059.0
Transit:
Static displays	370.7		339.9		339.5
Digital displays	112.4		59.6		45.3
Other	43.5		39.5		35.9
Total transit revenues	526.6		439.0		420.7
Sports marketing and other	65.7		54.8		40.8
Transit and other revenues	592.3		493.8		461.5
Total revenues	$	1,782.2	$	1,606.2	$	1,520.5

Rental income was $1,149.8 million in 2019, $1,076.9 million in 2018 and $1,001.8 million in 2017, and is recorded in Billboard revenues on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

The following table summarizes revenues by geography:



	Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)	2019		2018		2017
United States:
Billboard	$	1,114.9	$	1,040.8	$	997.9
Transit and other	513.8		426.0		408.6
Sports marketing and other	65.7		54.8		40.8
Total United States revenues	1,694.4		1,521.6		1,447.3
Canada	87.8		84.6		73.2
Total revenues	$	1,782.2	$	1,606.2	$	1,520.5

Our revenues are sensitive to fluctuations in advertising expenditures, general economic conditions and other external events beyond our control.

Contract Costs and Balances

Variable sales commission costs directly associated with billboard display revenues are considered direct lease acquisition costs in accordance with the lease accounting standard and are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the related customer lease term (see Note 6. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets to the Consolidated Financial Statements). Amortization of direct lease acquisition costs is presented within Amortization expense in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Variable sales commission costs which are directly associated with transit display and other revenues are included in Selling, general, and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statement of Operations, and are expensed as incurred since the amortization period of the asset would have been less than one year.

Amounts to be collected from customers for revenues recognized in previous periods are included in Receivables, less allowance, on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. Amounts collected from customers for revenues to be recognized in future periods are included in Deferred revenues on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. We recognized substantially all of the Deferred revenues on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of December 31, 2018, during the three months ended March 31, 2019.