EX-99.2 3 exhibit99-2.htm EXHIBIT 99.2 Tower One Wireless Corp: Exhibit 99.2 - Filed by newsfilecorp.com

TOWER ONE WIRELESS CORP.

Yearly Report

December 31, 2019

MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

1.1 Date of Report June 15, 2020

The following amended management's discussion and analysis ("MD&A") has been prepared as of June 15, 2020 and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, which are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"). All amounts are stated in Canadian dollars unless otherwise indicated.

This MD&A includes certain statements that may be deemed "forward-looking statements". Forward-looking statements are often, but not always, identified by the use of words such as "anticipate", "plan", "estimate", "expect", "may", "project", "predict", "potential", "could", "might", "should" and other similar expressions. Although the Company believes the expectations expressed in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, such statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results or developments may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements include market prices, continued availability of capital and financing and general economic, market or business conditions. Investors are cautioned that any such statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results or developments may differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements.

1.2        Nature of Business

Tower One Wireless Corp. ("Tower One" or the "Company") is a pure-play, build-to-suit ("BTS") tower owner, operator and developer of multitenant communications real estate. The Company's primary business is the leasing of space on communications sites to mobile network operators ("MNOs"). The Company offers tower-related services in the largest Spanish speaking countries in Latin America: Argentina, Colombia and Mexico. These tower-related services include site acquisition, zoning and permitting, structural analysis, and construction which primarily supports the Company's site leasing business, including the addition of new tenants and equipment on its sites. BTS is where a long-term site lease is in hand with a tenant prior to undergoing construction. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had a total of 9 signed master lease agreements ("MLAs") with major MNOs in Argentina, Colombia and Mexico and a total backlog of over 100 sites. In Argentina, the Company had executed MLAs with Claro, Telecom and DirecTV and a backlog of more than 30 sites. In Colombia, the Company had executed MLAs with Claro, Telefónica, Avantel and DirecTV and a backlog of approximately 60 sites. In Mexico, the Company had executed MLAs with Altan and AT&T and a backlog of approximately 10 sites

Tower One Wireless Corp. ("Tower One" or the "Company") was incorporated under the laws of the Province of British Columbia, Canada on September 12, 2005. On October 14, 2011, the Company became a reporting company in British Columbia and was approved by the Canadian Securities Exchange ("CSE") and commenced trading on November 16, 2011. The Company's registered office is located at Suite 605, 815 Hornby Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6Z 2E6.


On January 17, 2017, Tower One completed a Share Exchange Agreement (the "Agreement") with Tower Three SAS ("Tower Three") and the shareholders of Tower Three SAS.  According to the Agreement, Tower One acquired Tower Three by issuing shares which resulted in the shareholders of Tower Three obtaining control of the Company (the "Acquisition").  Accordingly, this transaction was recorded as a reverse acquisition for accounting purposes, with Tower Three being identified as the accounting acquirer.  The condensed consolidated interim financial statements are a continuation of the financial statements of Tower Three while the capital structure is that of the Company. The historical operation assets and liabilities of Tower Three are included in the condensed consolidated interim financial statements and the comparative figures are those of Tower Three.

Tower Three SAS was incorporated on December 30, 2015 under the Laws of Colombia. Tower Three has secured 4G LTE cellular tower development contracts in Colombia. The Company focuses primarily on building cellular towers in municipalities where there currently is very limited or no cellular coverage, which enhances the probability of multiple carriers sharing the tower and minimizes competitive risk.

On March 31, 2017, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Offer Agreement with the shareholders of Evolution Technology SA ("Evotech") to acquire 65% ownership interest in Evotech. Evotech is a private company incorporated under the laws of Argentina.  Evotech's intended business is to obtain rights and permits for approval of constructing the towers in various locations in Argentina.  At the time of the acquisition, Evotech had a MLA with a single MNO. The MLA in place allows for the Company to be granted Cellular Search Rings, which are desired coordinates for a tower, and outlines the terms for each tower build.

On October 18, 2017, the Company acquired a 70% ownership interest in Tower Construction & Technical Services, Inc. ("TCTS"). TCTS is a private company incorporated in Florida, USA.  The Company has decided to divest itself of TCTS.

On April 3, 2018, the Company acquired a 90% ownership interest in Comercializadora Mexmaken, S.A. de C.V. ("Mexmaken").  Mexmaken is a private company incorporated under the laws of the United Mexican State on September 9, 2015.

On March 1, 2019, the Company entered into an agreement to buy the remaining 30% ownership interest of TCTS from its previous shareholders for US$ 80,000. With this agreement, Tower One Wireless owns 100% of the shares of TCTS.

On August 1, 2019, the Company entered into a 50% joint venture with an international operator (the "JV Partner") that has experience in running over 600 crews in their markets and installing Ericsson and Nokia equipment in Latin America. The strategic decision was made to enhance TCTS's ability to provide quality service to its customers and to leverage on the expertise in managing construction crews efficiently. As part of the agreement, the JV Partner made an investment of US$250,000 into TCTS for a 50% ownership interest in the subsidiary. These funds were used for operations.

On October 18, 2019, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement with the shareholder of Innervisions Telecom S.A.S. ("Innervisions") to acquire the remaining 10% ownership interest, through its Colombian Subsidiary, Tower Three S.A.S. To obtain the 10% ownership interest, the Company received the remaining 300 shares in exchange for a purchase price of COP $7,000,000.


1.3        Overall Performance

Highlights during the year ending December 31, 2019:

  • The Company has signed 2 new MLAs, one in Argentina and the other in Colombia.

  • A total of 63 new towers were constructed during this year, and 13 new collocations were signed.

  • As of December 31, 2019, an additional 61 sites were in different stages of Work in Progress (31 in Argentina, 30 in Colombia and 10 in Mexico).

  • The Company announced that in the first quarter 2019, 22 towers were sold in Colombia.

  • The Company announced that in the first quarter 2020, 9 towers were sold in Argentina, and 1 more is expected to be sold in the third quarter 2020.

  • The Company announced a comprehensive update on recent company milestones throughout Argentina, Colombia, and Mexico. The Company now has a total of one hundred and fourteen  (114) completed wireless towers throughout Argentina, Colombia and Mexico, with twenty two (22) collocations hosting up to three (3) Mobile Network Operators per tower; and sixty one (61) additional towers are now under construction in Argentina, Colombia and Mexico. Tower One has a backlog of over one hundred sites awarded for Build To Suit "BTS" tower construction and intends to aggressively expand its portfolio of completed and tenanted towers throughout 2020-2021.

  • During the year, 15,924,860 warrants were granted.

  • In the second quarter of 2019, the Company repaid 50% of the original principal amount of the convertible debentures for $750,000.

  • During the year, the Company renegotiated the terms of the loans with three of the related party lenders, in consideration for the extension of the maturity date of the loans, the Company agreed to incur total penalties of $212,312 (US $160,000) which were added to the principal balance of the loans. In addition, the Company agreed to add the interest accrued as of the date of renegotiation of $539,236 (US $395,259) to the principal balance of the loans and to reduce the interest rate to 12%. The renegotiation of the loans was deemed to be an extinguishment of the original liabilities and $212,312 was recorded as a loss on extinguishment.

  • During the year, the Company issued 9,880 bonds with an aggregate principal amount of $988,000 in addition to the bonds issued in 2018, the total principal amount is $1,954,300. The bonds mature on September 21, 2021, bear simple interest on the Principal Amount at a fixed rate of 10% per annum payable monthly on the last day of each month, and are secured by all of the Company's assets.

  • During the year, the Company entered into a development agreement (the "Development Deal") with a third party that provides funding for the development of up to 150 towers in Mexico and Colombia, valued in more than $26,000,000

  • Management continued to actively focus on capital raising to support the Company's tower business and general working capital.

1.4    Results of Operations

Selected Annual Information and Results of Operations

 

December 31,

2019

$

December 31,

2018

$

December 31,

2017

$

Net loss

 

(8,147,268)

 

(9,131,285)

(9,863,677)

Basic and diluted loss per share

 

(0.13)

 

(0.10)

(0.16)

Cash

 

56,629

 

346,103

284,225

Total Assets

 

16,001,049

 

12,581,840

5,301,044

Non-Current Liabilities

 

4,284,401

 

1,188,226

 

588,824

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company incurred net loss from the operations of $8,147,268 (December 31, 2018- $9,131,285). Included in the net loss for the year-ended December 31, 2019 is share-based compensation of $nil (December 31, 2018 - $1,913,692). The decrease in net loss is mainly due to the increase of the company's revenues of $5,413,594 for the year-ended December 31, 2019 compared to $1,556,742 for the year-ended December 31, 2018 This decreases in net loss was partially offset by an increase in operating expenses and cost of sales.

As at December 31, 2019, the Company had a negative working capital of $17,058,758 from continuing operations (December 31, 2018- $9,434,546) and an accumulated deficit of $23,585,459 (December 31, 2018 - $19,009,676). The decrease in the working capital during the year was as a result of the increase in the advances received under the Development Deal which are recorded under Customer Deposits in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

Total revenue increased to $5,413,594 for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to $1,556,742 as of December 31, 2018, as a result of placing BTS towers in-service and commencing service during the year together with the sale of the 22 towers in Colombia. The Company expects to generate revenues in 2020 mostly from monthly lease payments by MNOs on existing and future tower sites and the sale of the 10 towers in Argentina.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company incurred professional fees in the amount of $2,366,030 (December 31, 2018 - $1,834,575) the main difference is due to an increase of the management's salary. Professional fees include consulting services, legal fees and related expenses.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, office and miscellaneous expenses increased to $949,670 compared to $675,553 for the year ended December 31, 2018 mainly due to the growth of the operational activities in Colombia, Mexico and Argentina.


During the year ended December 31, 2019, advertising and promotion decreased to $46,789 compared to $1,403,270 for the year ended December 31, 2018 mainly due to a change on the marketing strategy decided by the management of the company.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company incurred travel expense in the amount of $214,065 (December 31, 2018 - $201,888) related to extensive travel throughout Colombia, Mexico and Argentina to find out optimal locations for cellphone towers, in addition to the travels related to management, that were focused in new investments together with the integration of the operations in all the countries.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company incurred transfer agent fees in the amount of $13,790 mainly due to exercise of options and warrants in the year. The Company incurred $1,912,553 in interest, financing charges and bank charges during the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to $769,322 in the prior year due to interest and penalties for the previous and existing loans, bank fees and transfer charges in Colombia, Mexico and Argentina.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, maintenance and operation expenses decreased to $1,001,161 from $1,517,698 compared to December 31, 2018 mainly due to the efficiencies achieved by the Company incurring operating costs in order to generate revenue.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recorded $327,696 in unrealized foreign exchange loss due to differences in functional and presentation currency which has been booked to accumulated other comprehensive loss. The Company's presentation currency is the Canadian Dollar. The functional currency of each of the entities included in the consolidated group is as follows: Tower One Wireless Corp. Canadian Dollar; Tower Three and Innervisions is the Colombian Peso; Evolution Technology S.A. and Tower 3 is the Argentina Peso; TCTS is the US Dollar; and Mexmaken is the Mexican Peso.

The results and financial position of a subsidiary whose functional currency is not the currency of a hyperinflationary economy is translated into the presentation currency using the following procedures:

i. Assets and liabilities for each statement of financial position presented (i.e. including comparatives) are translated at the closing rate at the date of the statement of financial position;

ii. Income and expenses for each statement presenting profit or loss and other comprehensive income (i.e. including comparatives) are translated at exchange rates at the dates of the transactions; and

iii. All resulting exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income.

The results and financial position of a subsidiary whose functional currency is the currency of a hyperinflationary economy are translated into the presentation currency using the following procedures:

i. All amounts (i.e. assets, liabilities, equity items, income and expenses, including comparatives) are translated at the closing rate at the date of the most recent statement of financial position, except that

ii. When amounts are translated into a non-hyperinflationary presentation currency (i.e. CAD), comparative amounts remain unchanged from those reported in the prior periods.

When an entity's functional currency is the currency of a hyperinflationary economy, the entity shall restate its financial statements in accordance with IAS 29 - Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies before applying the translation method described above. When the economy ceases to be hyperinflationary and the entity no longer restates its financial statements in accordance with IAS 29, it shall use as the historical costs for translation into the presentation currency the amounts restated to the price level at the date the entity ceased restating its financial statements.


Selected Quarterly Information

 

December 31,

2019

$

September 30,

2019

$

June 30,

2019

$

March 31,

2019

$

December 31,

2018

$

September 30,

2018

$

June 30,

2018

$

March 31,

2018

$

Revenue

(185,606)

841,491

266,724

4,490,985

1,210,225

138,067

116,095

92,355

Net loss from continuing operations

(4,272,091)

(2,578,192)

(2,598,967)

1,301,982

(4,581,549)

(87,721)

(1,396,524)

(3,065,491)

Basic and diluted loss per share from continuing operations

(0.09)

(0.02)

(0.03)

0.01

(0.04)

(0.00)

(0.02)

(0.04)

Cash

56,629

166,943

48,325

247,534

346,103

53,843

62,128

433,063

Total Assets

16,001,049

15,243,472

15,857,084

15,125,858

12,581,840

7,997,727

6,940,929

6,998,547

Non-Current Liabilities

4,284,401

1,894,082

3,027,561

2,269,698

1,188,226

823,224

548,324

588,824

Significant factors and trends that have impacted Tower One's results during the years presented above include the following:

a) The gain on net monetary position in the total amount of $2,087,881 was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2019 due to Argentina being in a hyper-inflationary economy

b) The impairment of investments in the total amount of $1,531,742 incurred in the fourth quarter of 2019 was a one-time expense; in 2018 the amount recorded in the fourth quarter related to impairment of investments was $2,358,674

c) The Company incurred significant amount in advertising and promotion in the first two quarters of 2018 mainly due to more marketing and promotional efforts and actively promoting its business and market awareness.

1.5    Liquidity and Capital Resources

As at December 31, 2019, the Company has total assets of $16,001,049, cash of $56,629 and a negative working capital from operations of $17,058,758. The decrease in working capital is primarily due to building towers, operating activities and the increase of advances relating to the development agreement.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company received $3,119,626 from operating activities compared to an outflow of $1,202,203 during the year ended December 31, 2018.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company spent $3,482,264 primarily on building towers, compared to $8,418,197 during the year ended December 31, 2018. 


During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company received cash from bonds payable of $859,560 ($888,996 - December 31, 2018), loans of $1,173,953 ($1,756,309 - December 31, 2018), loans from related parties of $1,969,187 ($1,366,710 - December 31, 2018); repaid loans for  $1,467,004 ($156,819 - December 31, 2018), loans from related parties for  $1,140,500 ($534,612 - December 31, 2018) and convertible debt for $750,000 ($nil - December 31, 2018).

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, share capital was $16,876,382 comprising 63,389,446 issued and outstanding common shares and outstanding and an additional 30,000,000 common shares held in escrow as of December 2019.

At present, the Company's operations generate minimal cash inflows and its financial success after December 31, 2019 is dependent on management's ability to continue to obtain sufficient funding to sustain operations of building towers in municipalities where there currently is very limited or no cellular coverage, which enhances the probability of multiple carriers sharing the tower and minimizes competitive risk.

The Company may not be able to generate sufficient cash flows from its operations in the foreseeable future to support its working capital needs. As a result, the Company will have to rely on funding through future equity issuances and through short-term and long term borrowing in order to finance ongoing operations and the construction of cellular towers. The ability of the Company to raise capital will depend on market conditions and it may not be possible for the Company to issue shares on acceptable terms or at all. 

1.6   Share Capital

As at December 31, 2019, the Company had 63,389,446 common shares issued and outstanding and an additional 30,000,000 common shares held in escrow. As at the date of this report, the Company had 94,103,732 common shares issued and outstanding.

1.7   Share Purchase Warrants

As at December 31, 2019, the Company had 32,215,433 warrants issued and outstanding. 

1.8  Stock Options

As at December 31, 2019, the Company had 1,275,000 stock options issued and outstanding of which all the options are exercisable.

1.9  Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

There are no off-balance sheet arrangements to which the Company is committed. The Company is not a party to any off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future material effect on the Company's financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues, expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.


1.10  Transactions with Related Parties

Loans payable to related parties include loans and advances received from related individuals and companies. As at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company has the following loan balances with related parties:

Balance, December 31,

 

 

 

2019

2018

Currency

Rate

Terms

$

$

 

%

 

         

4,047,119

2,283,937

US$

12% - 24%

Unsecured, due on demand

-

207,803

Colombian Pesos

0%

Unsecured, due on demand

13,068       

        124,844

Argentinian Pesos

18%

Unsecured, due on demand

4,060,187

2,616,584

 

 

 

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company had finance expenses of $212,312 (US$160,000) (2018 - $552,360; 2017 - $Nil) in connection with these monthly penalties.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company has incurred interest expense of $492,729 (US$371,342) in connection with the related party loans noted above. As at December 31, 2019, $252,144 ($2018 - $335,330) of unpaid interest and loan penalties have been included within interest payable on the consolidated statement of financial position.

As at December 31, 2019, the Company has advanced $Nil (2018 - $224,976) to related parties in connection with costs to be incurred on behalf of the Company. This amount was included within other receivables on the consolidated statement of financial position. The amounts advanced are unsecured, non-interest bearing and due on demand.

Key management personnel receive compensation in the form of short-term employee benefits, share-based payments, and post-employment benefits. Key management personnel include the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Operating Officer. The remuneration of key management is as follows (expressed in US$):

                        2019     2018     2017  
    $     $     $  
Consulting fees paid to the CEO   204,000     165,605     151,200  
Consulting fees paid to the COO   204,000     114,546     -  
Consulting fees paid to the CFO*   262,100     99,092     120,055  
    670,100     379,243     271,255  

*The renumeration fees paid to the CFO includes amounts paid to the previous CFO of the Company.

The remuneration of the CEO/COO/CFO are included in the wages and benefits in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company has not granted stock options to directors and officers (2018 - $1,913,692; 2017 - $3,832,497).


1.11  Subsequent Events

  • Subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company further extended the term of the convertible debentures with the existing lenders. In consideration for the extension of financing terms with existing lenders, the Company agreed to pay a penalty of $50,000 to be satisfied by the issuance of 714,286 common shares of the Company. Accordingly, the Company issued 714,286 common shares to the lenders of the convertible debentures subsequent to year end.
  • Subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2019, 30,000,000 common shares of the Company were released from escrow.
  • Since March 2020, the outbreak of the novel strain of coronavirus, specifically identified as "COVID-19", has resulted in governments worldwide enacting emergency measures to combat the spread of the virus. These measures, which include the implementation of travel bans, self-imposed quarantine periods and physical distancing, have caused material disruption to business globally resulting in an economic slowdown. Global equity markets have experienced significant volatility and weakness. The duration and impact of the COVID-19 outbreak is unknown at this time, as is the efficacy of the government and central bank interventions. It is not possible to reliably estimate the length and severity of these developments and the impact on the financial results and condition of the Company in future periods.

1.12    Changes in Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial data is based on accounting principles and practices consistent with those used in the preparation of the audited financial statements of the Company as at December 31, 2018. 

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019.

The following is a summary of significant accounting policies used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements:

  • Loss per Share
  • Revenue recognition
  • Foreign currency translation
  • Property and equipment
  • Intangible asset
  • Impairment
  • Share Capital
  • Share-based payments
  • Income taxes
  • Provisions
  • Financial Instruments
  • IFRS-16 Leases (implemented in 2019)

The mandatory adoption of IFRS 16 on January 1, 2019 resulted in increase to the Company's assets and liabilities from the initial recognition of a right-of-use asset and lease liability of $1,374,800.


1.13   Financial Instruments and Other Instruments

As at December 31, 2019, the Company's financial instruments consist of cash, amounts receivable, other receivables, bank indebtedness, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, customer deposits, interest payable, promissory note payable, convertible debentures, loans payable, loans from related parties, bonds payable and lease liabilities. 

The Company provides information about financial instruments that are measured at fair value, grouped into Level 1 to 3 based on the degree to which the inputs used to determine the fair value are observable.

 Level 1 fair value measurements are those derived from quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 Level 2 fair value measurements are those derived from inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable either directly or indirectly.

 Level 3 fair value measurements are those derived from valuation techniques that include inputs that are not based on observable market data.

Cash is measured using level 1 fair value inputs.  The carrying values of the amounts receivable, other receivables, bank indebtedness, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, customer deposits, interest payable, promissory note payable, convertible debentures, loans payable and loans from related parties approximate their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. The bond payable and lease liabilities is classified as level 3.

The Company is exposed to varying degrees to a variety of financial instrument related risks:

Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash. To minimize the credit risk the Company places cash with a high credit quality financial institution.

With respect to its accounts receivable, the Company assesses the credit rating of all customers and maintains provisions for potential credit losses, and any such losses to date have been within management's expectations. The Company's credit risk with respect to accounts receivable and maximum exposure thereto is $1,808,397 (2018 - $454,024). Accounts receivable are shown net of provision of credit losses of $150,551 (2018 - $nil)

Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that future cash flows of the Company's assets and liabilities can change due to a change in interest rates. Loans payable have a fixed interest rate between 12% and 18%, and cash earns interest at a nominal rate. The Company is not exposed to significant interest rate risk.

Fair value estimates of financial instruments are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant information about financial markets and specific financial instruments. As these estimates are subjective in nature, involving uncertainties and matters of significant judgment, they cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions can significantly affect estimated fair values.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due.  The Company's objective in managing liquidity risk is to ensure that it has sufficient liquidity available to meet its liabilities when due.  The Company uses cash to settle its financial obligations as they fall due.  The ability to do this relies on the Company's ability to collect its revenue in a timely manner, continuous support from shareholders and investors and maintain sufficient cash on hand.  To the extent that the Company does not believe it has sufficient liquidity to meet its current obligations, the Board of Directors considers securing additional funds through issuances of equity and debt or partnering transactions.


The Company monitors its risk of shortage of funds by monitoring the maturity dates of existing trade and other accounts payable. The following table summarizes the maturities of the Company's financial liabilities as at December 31, 2019 based on the undiscounted contractual cash flows:

    Carrying
amount
    Contractual
cash flows
    Less than
1 year
    1 - 3
years
    4 - 5
years
    After 5
years
 
    $     $     $     $     $     $  
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities   4,035,983     4,035,983     4,035,983     -     -     -  
Interest payable   357,913     357,913     357,913     -     -     -  
Convertible debentures   745,000     745,000     745,000     -     -     -  
Loans payable   1,263,055     1,263,055     1,263,055     -     -     -  
Loans from related parties   4,060,187     4,060,187     4,060,187     -     -     -  
Bonds payable   1,787,351     1,954,300     -     1,954,300     -     -  
Lease liability   2,703,129     5,587,147     654,231     1,801,543     1,169,009     1,962,364  
Total   14,952,618     17,836,636     11,210,840     3,755,843     1,169,009     1,962,364  

The Company has a working capital deficiency as of December 31, 2019 of $17,058,756. Customer deposits consist of funds received from customers in advance of Towers sold. As of December 31, 2019, the Company received $8,526,085 (December 31, 2018 - $Nil) in customer deposits.

Currency Risk

The Company generates revenues and incurs expenses and capital expenditures primarily in Canada, Colombia, Argentina, USA and Mexico and is exposed to the resulting risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Some administrative and head office related expenses are incurred in Canada. In addition, the Company holds financial assets and liabilities in foreign currencies that expose the Company to foreign exchange risks. A significant change in the currency exchange rates between the Canadian dollar relative to the Colombia Peso, Argentina Peso US dollars or Mexican Peso could have a material adverse effect on the Company's results of operations, financial position and/or cash flows. The Company has not hedged its exposure to currency fluctuations.


At December 31, 2019, the Company had the following financial instruments denominated in foreign currencies:

    Argentinian Pesos     Colombian Pesos     Mexican Pesos     United States Dollars     Total  
    $     $     $     $     $  
Cash   23,209     3,940     579     17,152     44,880  
Amounts receivable   372,833     409,665     225,651     138,712     1,146,861  
Accounts payable   (501,981 )   (912,245 )   (1,133,691 )   (374,901 )   (2,922,818 )
Customer deposits   -     (4,227,680 )   (4,298,405 )   -     (8,526,085 )
Interest payable   -     -     -     (357,913 )   (357,913 )
Lease liability   (557,751 )   (851,590 )   (1,293,788 )   -     (2,703,129 )
Loans payable   (383,291 )   (41,845 )   -     (837,919 )   (1,263,055 )
Loans from related parties   (13,068 )   -     -     (4,047,119 )   (4,060,187 )
Total   (1,060,049 )   (5,619,755 )   (6,499,654 )   (5,461,988 )   (18,641,446 )

1.14  Estimates

The Company makes estimates and assumptions about the future that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. Estimates and judgments are continually evaluated based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.  Significant areas requiring the use of management estimates include the following:

(i)  Intangible Assets - useful lives

The Company records intangible assets purchased in a business combination at their fair value.  Determining fair value requires management to use estimates that could be material.  Following initial recognition, the Company carries the value of intangible assets at cost less accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses.  Amortization is recorded on a straight-line basis based upon management's estimate of the useful life and residual value. The estimates are reviewed at least annually and are updated if expectations change as a result of technical obsolescence or legal and other limits to use. A change in the useful life or residual value will impact the reported carrying value of the intangible assets resulting in a change in related amortization expense.

(ii) Inputs into Black-Scholes model

The Company has applied estimates with respect to the valuation of shares issued for non-cash consideration. Shares are valued first at the fair value of services received, and if this not readily determinable, at the fair value of the equity instruments granted at the date the Company receives the goods or services.

The Company measures the cost of equity-settled transactions with employees by reference to the fair value of services performed, and if the fair value of the services performed is not readily determinable, at the fair value of the equity instruments at the date at which they are granted. Estimating fair value for share-based compensation transactions requires determining the most appropriate valuation model, which is dependent on the terms and conditions of the grant. This estimate also requires determining the most appropriate inputs to the valuation model including the fair value of the underlying common shares, the expected life of the share option, volatility and dividend yield. The fair value of the underlying common shares is assessed as the quoted market price on grant date. The assumptions and models used for estimating fair value for share-based compensation transactions are discussed in Note 18. Actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions.


The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and further periods if the review affects both current and future periods. 

(iii)  Property and Equipment - useful lives

Amortization is recorded on a declining balance basis based upon management's estimate of the useful life and residual value. The estimates are reviewed at least annually and are updated if expectations change as a result of the physical condition, technical obsolescence or legal and other limits to use. A change in the useful life or residual value will impact the reported carrying value of towers and equipment resulting in a change in related amortization expense.

(iv) Incremental borrowing rate

The Company uses estimation in determining the incremental borrowing rate used to measure the lease liabilities. This rate represents the rate that the Company would incur to obtain the funds necessary to purchase the asset of a similar value, with similar payment terms and security in similar economic environment.

v)  Allowance for credit losses

The Company provides for doubtful debts by analyzing the historical default experience and current information available about a customer's credit worthiness on an account by account basis. Uncertainty relates to the actual collectability of customer balances that can vary from the Company's estimation. At December 31, 2019, the Company has an allowance for doubtful accounts of $150,551 (2018 - $Nil).

vi) Discount rate used for convertible debentures

The carrying value of the convertible debentures is subject to management's estimates in determining an appropriate discount rate based on similar instruments with no conversion features.

vii) Recoverability of asset carrying values

Determining the amount of impairment of goodwill, intangible assets, and property and equipment requires an estimation of the recoverable amount, which is defined as the higher of fair value less the cost of disposal or value in use. Many factors used in assessing recoverable amounts are outside of the control of management and it is reasonably likely that assumptions and estimates will change from period to period.


viii) Fair value of assets acquired in a business combination

The determination of fair value of assets acquired requires management to make assumptions and estimates about future events. The assumptions and estimates with respect to determining the fair value of the assets acquired require judgment and include estimates of future cash flows.

Use of Judgments

Critical accounting judgments are accounting policies that have been identified as being complex or involving subjective judgments or assessments with a significant risk of material adjustment in the year: 

(i)  Going concern 

The assessment of whether the going concern assumption is appropriate requires management to take into account all available information about the future, which is at least, but not limited to, twelve months from the end of the reporting period. The Company is aware that material uncertainties related to events or conditions may cast significant doubt upon the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.

(ii) Income taxes

The measurement of income taxes payable and deferred income tax assets and liabilities requires management to make judgments in the interpretation and application of the relevant tax laws. The actual amount of income taxes only becomes final upon filing and acceptance of the tax return by the relevant tax authorities, which occurs subsequent to the issuance of the consolidated financial statements. 

(iii) Determination of control in business acquisitions

The determination of the acquirer in business acquisitions is subject to judgment and requires the Company to determine which party obtains control of the combining entities. Management applies judgment in determining control by assessing the following three factors: whether the Company has power; whether the Company has exposure or rights to variable returns; and whether the Company has the ability to use its power to affect the amount of its returns. In exercising this judgment, management reviewed the representation on the Board of Directors and key management personnel, the party that initiated the transaction, and each of the entities' activities.

The assessment of whether an acquisition constitutes a business is also subject to judgment and requires the Company to review whether the acquired entity contains all three elements of a business, including inputs, processes and the ability to create output. 

(iv)  Intangible Assets - impairment

The application of the Company's accounting policy for intangible assets expenditures requires judgment in determining whether it is likely that future economic benefits will flow to the Company, which may be based on assumptions about future events or circumstances. Estimates and assumptions may change if new information becomes available.  If, after expenditures are capitalized, information becomes available suggesting that the recovery of expenditures is unlikely, the amount capitalized is written off in profit or loss in the period the new information becomes available.


(v) Compound financial instruments

In accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangement, convertible debentures are compound financial instruments that are accounted for separately by their components: a financial liability and an equity instrument.

The identification of convertible debenture components is based on interpretations of the substance of the contractual arrangement and therefore requires judgment from management. The separation of the components affects the initial recognition of the convertible debenture at issuance and the subsequent recognition of interest on the liability component. The determination of the fair value of the liability is also based on a number of assumptions, including contractual future cash flows, discount factors and the presence of any derivative financial instruments.

(vi)  Asset held-for-sale and discontinued operations

Judgment is required in determining whether an asset meets the criteria for classification as "assets held for sale" in the consolidated statements of financial position. Criteria considered by management include the existence of and commitment to a plan to dispose of the assets, the expected selling price of the assets, the expected timeframe of the completion of the anticipated sale and the period of time any amounts have been classified within assets held for sale. The Company reviews the criteria for assets held for sale each period and reclassifies such assets to or from this financial position category as appropriate. In addition, there is a requirement to periodically evaluate and record assets held for sale at the lower of their carrying value and fair value less costs to sell. 

Judgment is applied in determining whether disposal groups represent a component of the entity, the results of which should be recorded as discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

(vii)  Property and Equipment and intangibles - impairment

At the end of each reporting period, management makes a judgment whether there are any indications of impairment of its property and equipment and intangibles. If there are indications of impairment, management performs an impairment test on a cash-generating unit basis. The impairment test compares the recoverable amount of the asset to its carrying amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of the asset's value in use (present value of the estimated future cash flows) and its estimated fair value less costs of disposal.

(viii)  Determination of functional currency and hyperinflationary economies

The determination of the functional currency for the Company and its subsidiaries was based on management's judgment of the underlying transactions, events and conditions relevant to each entity. The determination of whether an entity operates in a hyperinflationary economy was based on management's judgment of the underlying economic condition of the country the entity operates in.


(ix) Application of IFRS 16

The Company applies judgment in determining whether the contract contains an identified asset, whether the Company has the right to control the asset, and the lease term. The lease term is based on considering facts and circumstances, both qualitative and quantitative, that can create economic incentive to exercise renewal options.

(x) Modification versus extinguishment of financial liability

Judgment is required in applying IFRS 9 Financial Instruments to determine whether the amended terms of the loan agreement is a substantial modification of an existing financial liability and whether it should be accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liabilities

1.15 Other MD&A Requirements

For more information about the Company, see http://www.toweronewireless.com/. The Company has not filed an AIF Annual Information Form.

Disclosure of Outstanding Share Data

As of the reporting date, there were 94,103,732 common shares issued and outstanding.

Risk Factors

The Company is focused on more select market introduction and development primarily on building towers in municipalities while instituting cost control of product development. The failure to generate future sales in the Company's main products could have a significant and adverse effect on the Company.

The Company success will depend in large measure on certain key personnel. The loss of the services of such key personnel could have a material adverse effect on the Company. The Company does not anticipate having key person insurance in effect for management. The contributions of these individuals to the immediate operations of the Company are of central importance. In addition, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to continue to attract and retain all personnel necessary for the development and operation of its business.

The Company has incurred a net loss for the year ended December 31, 2019 of $8,147,268 and has a deficit of $23,585,459. Management is continuing efforts to attract additional equity and capital investors and implement cost control measures to maintain adequate levels of working capital. Nevertheless, there can be no assurance provided with respect to the successful outcome of these ongoing actions. If the Company is unable to obtain additional financing on reasonable terms, the Company may be required to curtail or reduce its operations to continue as a going concern.