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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 pursuant to the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements included in the Trust’s 2021 Annual Report. The Company has consistently applied its accounting policies to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements.
Noncontrolling Interests
 
As of September 30, 2022, the Trust held a 95.1% interest in the Operating Partnership. As the sole general partner and the majority interest holder, the Trust consolidates the financial position and results of operations of the Operating Partnership.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests - Partially Owned Properties

In connection with the Company’s acquisitions of the medical office building, ambulatory surgery center, and hospital located on the Great Falls Hospital campus in Great Falls, Montana, physicians affiliated with the sellers retained non-controlling interests which were, at the holders’ option, able to be redeemed at any time after May 1, 2023. Due to the redemption provision, which was outside of the control of the Trust, the Trust classified the investment in the mezzanine section of its consolidated balance sheets. On July 14, 2022, the Company disposed of these three properties and removed the related redeemable noncontrolling interest from its consolidated balance sheets.

Through a consolidated joint venture with MedProperties Realty Advisors, LLC (“MedProperties”), the Company acquired Calko Medical Center in Brooklyn, New York. As part of the joint venture, MedProperties can redeem its interest, at their option, at any time after September 9, 2025. Due to the redemption provision, which is outside of the control of the Company, the Company classifies the noncontrolling interests in the mezzanine section of its consolidated balance sheets. The Company records the carrying amount of the redeemable noncontrolling interests at the greater of the carrying value or redemption value.

Dividends and Distributions
 
On September 23, 2022, the Trust announced that its Board of Trustees authorized and the Trust declared a cash dividend of $0.23 per common share for the quarter ended September 30, 2022. The dividend was paid on October 14, 2022 to common shareholders and holders of record of partnership interests of the Operating Partnership (“OP Units”) as of the close of business on October 4, 2022.
 
Tax Status of Dividends and Distributions

The Company’s distributions of current and accumulated earnings and profits for U.S. federal income tax purposes generally are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Distributions in excess of these earnings and profits generally are treated as a non-taxable reduction of the shareholders’ basis in the shares to the extent thereof (non-dividend distributions) and thereafter as taxable gain.

Any cash distributions received by an OP Unit holder in respect of its OP Units generally will not be taxable to such OP Unit holder for U.S. federal income tax purposes, to the extent that such distribution does not exceed the OP Unit holder’s basis in its OP Units. Any such distribution will instead reduce the OP Unit holder’s basis in its OP Units (and OP Unit holders will be subject to tax on the taxable income allocated to them by the Operating Partnership in respect of their OP Units when such income is earned by the Operating Partnership, with such income allocation increasing the OP Unit holders’ basis in their OP Units).

The Company has elected taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”) status for certain of its corporate subsidiaries and, as a result, these entities will incur both federal and state income taxes on any taxable income of such entities after consideration of any net operating losses. To date, these income taxes have been de minimis.

Impairment of Intangible and Long-Lived Assets

The Company periodically evaluates its long-lived assets, primarily consisting of investments in real estate, for impairment indicators or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the recorded amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable. The Company did not record impairment charges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The Company recorded an impairment charge of $0.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Assets Held for Sale

The Company may sell properties from time to time for various reasons, including favorable market conditions. The Company classifies certain long-lived assets as held for sale once the criteria, as defined by GAAP, have been met. The Company classifies a real estate property as held for sale when: (i) management has approved the disposition of the property, (ii) the property is available for sale in its present condition, (iii) an active program to locate a buyer has been initiated, (iv) it is probable that the property will be disposed of within one year, (v) the property is being marketed at a reasonable price relative to its fair value, and (vi) it is unlikely that the disposition plan will significantly change or be withdrawn. Following the classification of a property as “held for sale,” no further depreciation or amortization is recorded for the asset and the book value of the asset is written down to the lower of carrying value or fair market value, less cost to sell. As of September 30, 2022, the Company did not classify any properties as held for sale.

Real Estate Loans Receivable, Net
 
Real estate loans receivable consists of nine mezzanine loans, five term loans, and one construction loan as of September 30, 2022. Generally, each mezzanine loan is collateralized by a pledge of the borrower’s ownership interest in the respective real estate owner, each term loan is secured by a mortgage on a related medical office building, and construction loans are secured by mortgages on the land and the improvements as constructed. The reserve for loan losses was $0.3 million as of September 30, 2022.

Rental and Related Revenues

Rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the related leases when collectability is probable. Recognizing rental revenue on a straight-line basis for leases may result in recognizing revenue for amounts more or less than amounts currently due from tenants. Amounts recognized in excess of amounts currently due from tenants, excluding assets classified as held for sale, are included in other assets and were approximately $99.5 million and $95.4 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. If the Company determines that collectability of straight-line rents is not probable, income recognition is limited to the lesser of cash collected, or lease income reflected on a straight-line basis, plus variable rent when it becomes accruable.

In accordance with ASC 842, Leases, Topic 842, if the collectability of a lease changes after the commencement date, any difference between lease income that would have been recognized and the lease payments shall be recognized as an adjustment to lease income. Bad debt recognized as an adjustment to rental and related revenues was $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and insignificant for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Rental revenue is adjusted by the amortization of lease inducements and above-market or below-market rents on certain leases. Lease inducements and above-market or below-market rents are amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining lease term. Rental and related revenues also include expense recoveries, which relate to tenant reimbursement of real estate taxes, insurance, and other operating expenses that are recognized in the period the applicable expenses are incurred. The reimbursements are recorded gross, as these costs are incurred by the Company and reimbursed by the tenants. We have certain tenants with absolute net leases. Under these lease agreements, the tenant is responsible for operating and building expenses and we do not recognize expense recoveries.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, that provides optional relief to applying reference rate reform to changing reference rates, contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR, which has been discontinued at the end of 2021. The amendments in this update are effective immediately and may be applied through December 31, 2022, though in October 2022, the FASB extended this date through December 31, 2024. The Company will continue to use published LIBOR rates through June of 2023 at which time the Company does not expect the replacement benchmark to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40), which simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity, including convertible instruments and contracts on an entity’s own equity. The ASU is part of the FASB’s simplification initiative, which aims to reduce unnecessary complexity in U.S. GAAP. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15,
2021, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2020-06 on January 1, 2022, with no material effect on its consolidated financial statements.