6-K 1 a51292539.htm GRANA Y MONTERO S.A.A. 6-K a51292539.htm
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.  20549
 
FORM 6-K
 
REPORT OF FOREIGN ISSUER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15b-16 OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the month of March 2016

 Commission File Number 001-35591

GRAÑA Y MONTERO S.A.A.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
GRAÑA Y MONTERO GROUP
(Translation of registrant’s name into English)
 
Republic of Peru
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
Avenida Paseo de la República 4667, Lima 34,
Surquillo, Lima
Peru
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F.
 
Form 20-F ___X____ Form 40-F _______
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1): [ ]
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7): [ ]
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
 
Yes _______ No ___X____
 
If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b): Not applicable.
 
 
 

 
 


___________________________
/s/Dennis Gray Febres
Stock Market Representative
Graña y Montero S.A.A.


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


GRAÑA Y MONTERO S.A.A.

 
 



By: /s/ DENNIS GRAY FEBRES

Name: Dennis Gray Febres

Title: Stock Market Representative

March 02, 2016

 
 

 


(Free translation from the original in Spanish)

(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)


GRAÑA Y MONTERO S.A.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES


CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2013, 2014 AND 2015
 
 
 
 

 
 
(Free translation from the original in Spanish)

(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)

 
GRAÑA Y MONTERO S.A.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES


CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2013, 2014 AND 2015


 
CONTENTS  Pages 
   
   
Independent auditor’s report  1 - 2 
   
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 
   
Consolidated Income Statement 
   
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
   
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
   
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 
   
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 8 - 109 
 
 
 
 

 
 
(Free translation from the original in Spanish)

(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)


INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors
Graña y Montero S.A.A.


March 1, 2016


We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Graña y Montero S.A.A. and subsidiaries, which comprise the consolidated statements of financial position at December 31, 2015 and 2014 and the consolidated statements of income, and comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information included in notes 1 to 36.

Management’s responsibility for the consolidated financial statements

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, and for such internal control as Management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

Auditor’s responsibility

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with International Standards on Auditing approved for application in Peru by the Board of Deans of Institutes of Peruvian Certified Public Accountants. Those standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the Group’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group’s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.
 
 
 

 
 
(Free translation from the original in Spanish)

(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)


INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors
Graña y Montero S.A.A.


March 1, 2016



We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Graña y Montero S.A.A. and subsidiaries, which comprise the consolidated statements of financial position at December 31, 2015 and 2014 and the consolidated statements of income, and comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information included in notes 1 to 36.

Management’s responsibility for the consolidated financial statements

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, and for such internal control as Management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

Auditor’s responsibility

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with International Standards on Auditing approved for application in Peru by the Board of Deans of Institutes of Peruvian Certified Public Accountants. Those standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the Group’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group’s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.
 

 
 

 

(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)

March 1, 2016
Graña y Montero S.A.A.


We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

Opinion

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Graña y Montero S.A.A. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2014 and 2015, their financial performance and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards.





Countersigned by




------------------------------------------------------(partner)
Hernán Aparicio P.
Peruvian Certified Public Accountant
Registration No.01-020944

 
- 2 -

 
 
(Free translation from the original in Spanish)
                                   
                                         
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
                       
                                         
GRAÑA Y MONTERO S.A.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
                             
                                         
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
                             
                                         
ASSETS
                   
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
                 
                                         
         
At December 31
             
At December 31
 
   
Note
   
2014
   
2015
       
Note
   
2014
   
2015
 
                                         
Current assets
                   
Current liabilities
                 
Cash and cash equivalents
  8       818,402       554,002    
Other financial liabilities
  18       1,425,455       1,228,020  
Financial asset at fair value through profit or loss
          5,601       3,153    
Bonds
  19       -       37,083  
Trade accounts receivables
  10       1,084,544       1,050,791    
Trade accounts payable
  20       1,177,581       1,635,760  
Unbilled work in progress
  11       1,161,798       1,319,187    
Accounts payable to related parties
  12       83,027       77,830  
Accounts receivable from related parties
  12       99,061       280,153    
Current income tax
          89,614       34,116  
Other accounts receivable
  13       584,975       824,589    
Other accounts payable
  21       1,007,743       1,066,000  
Inventories
  14       833,570       1,159,154    
Other provisions
  22       11,441       13,468  
Prepaid expenses
          26,438       40,023    
Total current liabilities
          3,794,861       4,092,277  
            4,614,389       5,231,052                            
                         
Non-current liabilities
                     
Non-current assets classified as held for sale
          9,513       22,511    
Other financial liabilities
  18       326,124       553,336  
                         
Long-term bonds
  19       -       757,008  
Total current assets
          4,623,902       5,253,563    
Long-term trade accounts payable
  20       3,779       -  
                         
Other long-term accounts payable
  21       281,651       246,396  
Non-current assets
                       
Long-term accounts payable to related parties
  12       -       20,136  
Long-term trade accounts receivable
  10       579,956       621,831    
Other provisions
  22       54,174       35,618  
Long-term unbilled work in progress
  11       35,971       59,754    
Derivative financial instruments
          2,999       2,331  
Prepaid expenses
          9,478       22,386    
Deferred income tax liabilities
  24       93,386       101,664  
Other long-term accounts receivable
  13       44,553       65,929    
Total non-current liabilities
          762,113       1,716,489  
Available-for-sale financial assets
  9       93,144       120,134    
Total liabilities
          4,556,974       5,808,766  
Investments in associates and joint ventures
  15       229,563       646,884                            
Investment property
          36,244       34,702    
Equity
  23                  
Property, plant and equipment
  16       1,147,018       1,111,757    
Capital
          660,054       660,054  
Intangible assets
  17       778,743       881,020    
Other capital reserves
          132,011       132,011  
Deferred income tax asset
  24       152,109       173,851    
Voluntary reserve
          -       29,974  
Total non-current assets
          3,106,779       3,738,248    
Share premium
          899,311       897,532  
                         
Other reserves
          (113,895 )     (129,059 )
                         
Retained earnings
          1,113,696       1,064,044  
                         
Equity attributable to controlling interest in the Company
 
 
      2,691,177       2,654,556  
                         
Non-controlling interest
          482,530       528,489  
                         
Total equity
          3,173,707       3,183,045  
Total assets
          7,730,681       8,991,811    
Total liabilities and equity
          7,730,681       8,991,811  
 
The accompanying notes on pages 8 to 109 are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
 
- 3 -

 
 
(Free translation from the original in Spanish)
                     
                       
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
             
                       
GRAÑA Y MONTERO S.A.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
                     
                       
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT
                     
                       
       
For the year ended
 
       
December 31,
 
   
Note
 
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
                       
                       
Revenues from construction activities
        3,820,393       4,749,159       5,513,655  
Revenues from services provided
        1,748,127       1,912,646       1,901,498  
Revenue from real estate and sale of goods
        398,980       346,875       417,280  
          5,967,500       7,008,680       7,832,433  
                             
Cost of construction activities
        (3,354,420 )     (4,336,388 )     (5,310,003 )
Cost of services provided
        (1,349,850 )     (1,489,574 )     (1,523,358 )
Cost of real estate and goods sold
        (259,108 )     (231,150 )     (296,267 )
    26     (4,963,378 )     (6,057,112 )     (7,129,628 )
Gross profit
        1,004,122       951,568       702,805  
                             
Administrative expenses
  26     (361,792 )     (421,367 )     (413,380 )
Other income and expenses
  28     25,302       15,136       57,287  
Profit /(loss) from the sale of investments
  15 - 5a     5,722       -       (8,289 )
Operating profit
        673,354       545,337       338,423  
                             
Financial expenses
  27     (152,802 )     (102,816 )     (176,802 )
Financial income
  27     40,353       11,462       38,107  
Share of the profit or loss in associates and joint
                           
ventures under the equity method of accounting
  15     33,562       53,445       17,603  
Profit before income tax
        594,467       507,428       217,331  
Income tax
  29     (182,323 )     (146,196 )     (75,619 )
Profit for the year
        412,144       361,232       141,712  
                             
Profit attributable to:
                           
Owners of the Company
        320,016       299,743       88,154  
Non-controlling interest
        92,128       61,489       53,558  
          412,144       361,232       141,712  
                             
Basic and Diluted earnings per share from continuing operations
                           
attributable to owners of the Company during the year
  34     0.533       0.454       0.134  
 
The accompanying notes on pages 8 to 109 are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
 
- 4 -

 
 
(Free translation from the original in Spanish)
                     
                       
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
                 
                       
GRAÑA Y MONTERO S.A.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
                     
                       
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
                     
                       
       
For the year ended
 
       
December 31,
 
   
Note
 
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
                       
                       
Profit for the year
        412,144       361,232       141,712  
Other comprehensive income:
                           
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss
                           
Remeasurement of actuarial gains and losses, net of tax
  30     (6,121 )     (1,777 )     (3,860 )
                             
Items that may be subsequently  reclassified to profit or loss
                           
Cash flow hedge, net of tax
  30     3,733       568       723  
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax
        (1,071 )     (20,463 )     (44,649 )
Change in value of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax
  9     19,060       4,649       19,973  
Exchange difference from net investment in a foreign operation, net of tax
  30     -       (12,794 )     (5,221 )
          21,722       (28,040 )     (29,174 )
Other comprenhensive income for the year, net of tax
        15,601       (29,817 )     (33,034 )
Total comprehensive income for the year
        427,745       331,415       108,678  
                             
Comprehensive income attributable to:
                           
Owners of  the Company
        337,564       277,912       70,069  
Non-controlling interest
        90,181       53,503       38,609  
          427,745       331,415       108,678  
 
The accompanying notes on pages 8 to 109 are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
 
- 5 -

 
 
(Free translation from the original in Spanish)
                                                       
                                                             
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
                                     
                                                             
GRAÑA Y MONTERO S.A.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
                                                       
                                                             
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
                                     
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECENBER 31, 2013, 2014 AND 2015
                                           
                                                             
                                                             
   
Attributable to the controlling interests of the Company
             
               
Other
                                           
   
Number of
   
Issued
   
capital
   
Voluntary
   
Share
   
Other
   
Retained
         
Non-controlling
 
   
shares in
   
capital
   
reserves
   
reserves
   
premium
   
reserves
   
earnings
   
Total
   
interest
   
Total
 
   
In thousands
                                                 
                                                             
Balances as of January 1, 2013
    558,284       558,284       107,011       -       6,656       (3,716 )     723,972       1,392,207       391,034       1,783,241  
Profit for the year
    -       -       -       -       -       -       320,016       320,016       92,128       412,144  
Cash flow hedge
    -       -       -       -       -       3,546       -       3,546       187       3,733  
Adjustment for actuarial gains and losses
    -       -       -       -       -       -       (4,591 )     (4,591 )     (1,530 )     (6,121 )
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    -       -       -       -       -       (467 )     -       (467 )     (604 )     (1,071 )
Change in value of available-for-sale financial assets
    -       -       -       -       -       19,060       -       19,060       -       19,060  
Comprehensive income of the year
    -       -       -       -       -       22,139       315,425       337,564       90,181       427,745  
Transactions with shareholders:
                                                                               
- Transfer to legal reserve
    -       -       4,646       -       -       -       (4,646 )     -       -       -  
- Dividend distribution (Note 33 and 35 g)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       (86,985 )     (86,985 )     (51,794 )     (138,779 )
- Issuance of shares (Note 23 c)
    101,770       101,770       -       -       1,055,488       -       -       1,157,258       -       1,157,258  
- Contributions of non-controlling shareholders (Note 35 d)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       34,774       34,774  
- Additional acquisition of non-controlling (Note 35 a)
    -       -       -       -       (34,611 )     -       -       (34,611 )     (29,257 )     (63,868 )
- Deconsolidation of former subsidiaries (Note 35 e)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       (19,377 )     (19,377 )
- Purchase of subsidiaries (Note 32 c)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       15,701       15,701  
Total transactions with shareholders
    101,770       101,770       4,646       -       1,020,877       -       (91,631 )     1,035,662       (49,953 )     985,709  
Balances as of December 31, 2013
    660,054       660,054       111,657       -       1,027,533       18,423       947,766       2,765,433       431,262       3,196,695  
                                                                                 
Balances as of January 1, 2014
    660,054       660,054       111,657       -       1,027,533       18,423       947,766       2,765,433       431,262       3,196,695  
Profit for the year
    -       -       -       -       -       -       299,743       299,743       61,489       361,232  
Cash flow hedge
    -       -       -       -       -       540       -       540       28       568  
Adjustment for actuarial gains and losses
    -       -       -       -       -       -       (1,332 )     (1,332 )     (445 )     (1,777 )
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    -       -       -       -       -       (13,086 )     -       (13,086 )     (7,377 )     (20,463 )
Change in value of available-for-sale financial assets
    -       -       -       -       -       4,649       -       4,649       -       4,649  
Exchange difference from net investment in a foreign operation
    -       -       -       -       -       (12,602 )     -       (12,602 )     (192 )     (12,794 )
Comprehensive income of the year
    -       -       -       -       -       (20,499 )     298,411       277,912       53,503       331,415  
Transactions with shareholders:
                                                                               
- Transfer to legal reserve
    -       -       20,354       -       -       -       (20,354 )     -       -       -  
- Dividend distribution (Note 33 and 35 g)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       (112,127 )     (112,127 )     (68,062 )     (180,189 )
- Contributions of non-controlling shareholders (Note 35 d)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       47,376       47,376  
- Additional acquisition of non-controlling (Note 35 a)
    -       -       -       -       (128,222 )     -       -       (128,222 )     (50,109 )     (178,331 )
- Sale to non-controlling interest in GyM Chile Spa (Note 35 b)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       1,627       1,627  
- Deconsolidation of subsidiaries (Note 35 e)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       2,284       2,284  
- Put option liability from acquisition of non-controlling (Note 21)
    -       -       -       -       -       (111,819 )             (111,819 )     (2,010 )     (113,829 )
- Purchase of subsidiaries (Note 32 a)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       66,659       66,659  
Total transactions with shareholders
    -       -       20,354       -       (128,222 )     (111,819 )     (132,481 )     (352,168 )     (2,235 )     (354,403 )
Balances as of December 31, 2014
    660,054       660,054       132,011       -       899,311       (113,895 )     1,113,696       2,691,177       482,530       3,173,707  
                                                                                 
Balances as of January 1, 2015
    660,054       660,054       132,011       -       899,311       (113,895 )     1,113,696       2,691,177       482,530       3,173,707  
Profit for the year
    -       -       -       -       -       -       88,154       88,154       53,558       141,712  
Cash flow hedge
    -       -       -       -       -       687       -       687       36       723  
Adjustment for actuarial gains and losses
    -       -       -       -       -       -       (2,921 )     (2,921 )     (939 )     (3,860 )
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    -       -       -       -       -       (30,687 )     -       (30,687 )     (13,962 )     (44,649 )
Change in value of available-for-sale financial assets
    -       -       -       -       -       19,973       -       19,973       -       19,973  
Exchange difference from net investment in a foreign operation
    -       -       -       -       -       (5,137 )     -       (5,137 )     (84 )     (5,221 )
Comprehensive income for the year
    -       -       -       -       -       (15,164 )     85,233       70,069       38,609       108,678  
Transactions with shareholders:
                                                                               
- Transfer to legal reserve
    -       -       -       29,974       -       -       (29,974 )     -       -       -  
- Dividend distribution (Note 33 and 35 f)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       (104,911 )     (104,911 )     (4,535 )     (109,446 )
- Contributions of non-controlling shareholders (Note 35 d)
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       10,329       10,329  
- Additional acquisition of non-controlling (Note 35 a)
    -       -       -       -       (894 )     -       -       (894 )     (971 )     (1,865 )
- Sale to non-controlling interest (Nota 35 b)
    -       -       -       -       (885 )     -       -       (885 )     2,527       1,642  
Total transactions with shareholders
    -       -       -       29,974       (1,779 )     -       (134,885 )     (106,690 )     7,350       (99,340 )
Balances at December 31, 2015
    660,054       660,054       132,011       29,974       897,532       (129,059 )     1,064,044       2,654,556       528,489       3,183,045  
 
The accompanying notes on pages 8 to 109 are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
 
- 6 -

 
 
(Free translation from the original in Spanish)
                     
                       
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
       
                       
GRAÑA Y MONTERO S.A.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
                     
                       
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
                     
                       
       
For the year ended
 
       
December 31
 
   
Note
 
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
                       
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
                     
Profit before income tax
        594,467       507,428       217,331  
Adjustments to  profit not affecting cash flows from
                           
operating activities:
                           
Depreciation
  16     181,479       185,310       217,070  
Amortization of other assets
  17     78,387       74,730       89,355  
Impairment of inventory
        2,239       62       17  
Impairment of accounts receivable and other accounts receivable
        110       71       5,806  
Impairment of property, plant and equipment
        -       2,415       9,677  
Impairment of other assets
        774       14,170       -  
Recovery of impairment of inventory
        -       (1,169 )     -  
Change in the fair value of a financial asset through profit or loss
        -       -       (2,740 )
Change in the fair value of the liability for put option
  21     -       -       (18,627 )
Provisions
  22     15,084       6,559       6,398  
Dividends income from available-for-sale financial assets
  28     (1,170 )     (9,350 )     (7,215 )
Financial expenses, net
        94,483       76,102       129,365  
Share in the profits of associates and joint ventures
                           
under the equity method
  15 a-b     (33,562 )     (53,445 )     (34,872 )
Reversal of provisions
  28     (14,556 )     (9,394 )     (7,796 )
Derecognition of investments
  15     -       -       2,755  
Profit on sale of property, plant and equipment
  16     (734 )     (4,845 )     (17,385 )
Profit on sale of investments in associates
  15 a     (5,722 )     -       -  
Loss on sale of a financial asset through profit or loss
        -       -       279  
Loss on sale of non-current asset held for sale
        -       -       171  
Loss on sale of investments in subsidiaries
        -       -       8,289  
Net variations in assets and liabilities:
                           
Decrease in trade accounts receivable and unbilled work in progress
        (783,965 )     (594,993 )     (99,446 )
(Decrease) increase in other accounts receivable
        (33,606 )     32,159       (188,053 )
Decrease in other accounts receivable from related parties
        (34,089 )     (15,291 )     (133,286 )
Decrease in inventories
        (21,071 )     (51,489 )     (215,196 )
Increase (decrease) in prepaid expenses and other assets
        (539 )     (8,634 )     11,667  
Increase in trade accounts payables
        56,836       82,051       199,400  
Decrease in  other accounts payable
        (145,379 )     (19,731 )     (45,096 )
Increase (decrease) in other accounts payable to related parties
        (15,177 )     55,316       13,961  
Decrease in other provisions
        (16,269 )     (7,208 )     (6,770 )
Sale of a financial asset through profit or loss
        -       -       4,604  
Payments for purchases of intangibles - Concessions
        (2,329 )     (82,698 )     (142,575 )
Interest paid
        (61,013 )     (46,411 )     (114,027 )
Income tax paid
        (190,556 )     (154,878 )     (150,434 )
Net cash applied to operating activities
        (335,878 )     (23,163 )     (267,373 )
                             
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
                           
Sale of investment in associates
        6,800       -       -  
Sale of investment in subsidiary
        -       -       26  
Sale of property, plant and equipment
        15,861       42,968       55,832  
Sale of non-current assets held for sale
        -       -       8,801  
Return of contributions
        -       -       481  
Interest received
        21,601       8,909       32,162  
Dividends received
  15 - 28     5,858       46,068       59,175  
Payment for purchase of a non-current asset held for sale
        -       -       (22,297 )
Payment for purchase of available-for-sale financial assets
        (56,100 )     -       -  
Payments for purchase of property, plant and equipment
        (197,553 )     (265,567 )     (193,156 )
Payment for purchae of investment property
        (2,974 )     (1,450 )     (748 )
Payment for purchase of intangibles
        (22,375 )     (60,846 )     (32,883 )
Payment for purchase and contributions to associates and joint ventures
  15 -a,b     -       (129,859 )     (463,103 )
Direct cash outflows for acquisition of subsidiaries
  32     (93,504 )     (170,372 )     -  
Net cash applied to investing activities
        (322,386 )     (530,149 )     (555,710 )
                             
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
                           
Loans received
        1,351,964       2,770,286       4,442,858  
Bonds issued
        -       -       814,016  
Payment of loans received
        (1,493,943 )     (2,053,422 )     (4,563,855 )
Payment of issued bonds
        -       -       (16,480 )
Payment of bond issuance costs
        -       -       (18,516 )
Dividends paid to owners of the parent
        (86,986 )     (112,127 )     (104,911 )
Dividends paid to non-controlling interest
        (51,794 )     (63,990 )     (4,535 )
Cash received from non-controlling shareholders
  35-d     34,774       47,376       10,329  
Acquisition of interest in a subsidiary of non-controlling shareholders
  35-a     (63,868 )     (177,451 )     (1,865 )
Sale of interest in a subsidiary of non-controlling shareholders
  35-b     -       1,627       1,642  
Issuance of shares, net of related expenses
        1,147,418       -       -  
Net cash  provided by financing activities
        837,565       412,299       558,683  
Net incresase(decrease) in cash
        179,301       (141,013 )     (264,400 )
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year
        780,114       959,415       818,402  
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year
        959,415       818,402       554,002  
                             
NON-CASH TRANSACTIONS:
                           
Debt capitalization
        7,989       -       -  
Acquisition of assets through finance leases
        43,812       163,399       92,093  
Adjustment for deconsolidation of subsidiaries
        (19,943 )     2,284       9,298  
Change in fair value of available-for-sale financial assets
        19,060       4,649       19,973  
Accounts payable - acquisition of Morelco
        -       45,684       -  
Liability for put option on the acquisition of non-controlling interest
        -       113,829       -  
Establishment of joint operation - Panorama Plaza de negocios (net assets)
        -       -       36,180  
 
The accompanying notes on pages 8 to 109 are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
 
- 7 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
GRAÑA Y MONTERO S.A.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES


NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2013, 2014 AND 2015


1
GENERAL INFORMATION

a)
Incorporation and operations -

Graña y Montero S.A.A. (hereinafter indistinctly the Company or the Parent) was established in Peru on August 12, 1996 as a result of the equity spin-off of Inversiones GyM S.A. (formerly Graña y Montero S.A.). The Company’s legal address is Av. Paseo de la República 4675, Surquillo Lima, Peru and it is listed on the Lima Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).

The Company is the parent company of the Graña y Montero Group (hereinafter the Group) and it is mainly engaged in holding the investments in the different companies of the Group. Additionally, the Company provides services of general management, financial management, commercial management, legal advisory and human resources management to the Group´s companies; it is also engaged in the leasing of offices to the Group’s companies.

The Group is a conglomerate of companies with operations including different business activities, of which the most significant are engineering and construction, infrastructure (public concession ownership and operation), real estate businesses and services. See details of operating segments in Note 6.

b)
Issuance of new common shares -

At the Board of Shareholders’ General Meeting held on March 26, 2013, and the subsequent Board of Directors’ meetings held on May 30, July 23 and August 22, 2013, shareholders agreed to the issuance of common shares through a public offering of American Depositary Shares (ADS) registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).

As a consequence in July and August 2013, the Company issued 101,769,600 new common shares, equivalent to 20,353,920 ADS in two tranches, with a unit price of US$21.13, resulting total proceeds of US$430,078, equivalent to S/1,195,793 before issuance related costs.

The total outstanding common shares as of the date of the financial statements are 660,053,790 shares listed in the Lima Stock Exchange, from that 253,635,480 shares are represented in ADS in the NYSE.

The additional share capital obtained by this transaction in comparison with the nominal value of the shares amounted to S/1,055,488 (net of commissions, other related costs and tax effects for that amounted to S/38,535) recorded as share premium in the consolidated statement of financial position (Note 23).

c)
Authorization for issue of the financial statements -

The consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015 have been prepared and authorized by Management and Board of Directors on January 29, 2016, which will submit them for consideration and approval in the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting to be held within the term established by Peruvian law. Management expects that the financial statements as of December 31, 2015 will be approved with no changes.

 
- 8 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)

2
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

2.1
Basis of preparation -

The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and interpretations issued by the IFRS Interpretations Committee (IFRIC) applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. The financial statements comply with IFRS as issued by the IASB.

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, except for derivative financial instruments, financial assets at fair value through profit and loss, available-for-sale financial assets measured at fair value and liabilities for a put option and pension plans that are measured at fair value. The financial statements are presented in thousands of Peruvian Soles, unless otherwise stated.

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires Management to exercise its judgment in the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies. The areas involving a higher degree of judgment or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated financial statements are disclosed in Note 4.

2.2
Consolidation of financial statements -

a)
Subsidiaries -

Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity when the group is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are deconsolidated from the date that control ceases.

The Group applies the acquisition method to account for business combinations. The consideration transferred for the acquisition of a subsidiary is the fair value of the assets transferred, the liabilities assumed to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity instruments issued by the Group. The consideration transferred includes the fair value of any asset or liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement in favor of the selling party. Identifiable assets acquired,liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date.

The Group assesses the measurement of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree on an acquisition-by-acquisition basis, either at fair value or at the non-controlling interest’s proportionate share of the recognized amounts of the acquirer’s identifiable net assets or the fair value of the shares held by non-controlling shareholders. At December 31, 2015 and 2014 the measurement of the non-controlling interest in the Group´s acquisitions, was made at the non-controlling interest´s proportionate share of the recognized amounts of the acquiree´s identifiable net assets.

Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred.

If the business combination is achieved in stages, the carrying amount of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest in the acquiree is re-measured to fair value at the acquisition date; any gains or losses arising from such re-measurement are recognized in profit or loss.

 
- 9 -

 

(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Any contingent consideration assumed by the Group with the selling party is recognized at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration is recognized in accordance with IAS 39 either in profit or loss.

Goodwill is initially measured as the excess of the acquisition cost, the fair value at the acquisition date of any interest previously acquired plus the fair value of the non-controlling interest, over the net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed. If the acquisition cost is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognized in profit or loss as a bargain purchase at the time of acquisition.

For consolidating subsidiaries, balances, income and expenses from transactions between Group companies are eliminated. Profits and losses resulting from inter-company transactions that are recognized as assets are also eliminated. If required, accounting policies of subsidiaries are changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group.
 
b)
Changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries without change of control -
 
Transactions with non-controlling interests that do not result in loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions, that is, as transactions with the owners in their capacity as owners. The difference between fair value of any consideration paid and the relevant share acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is recorded in equity. Gains or losses on disposals to non-controlling interest, are also recorded in equity at the time of disposal.
 
c)
Disposal of subsidiaries -

When the Group ceases to have control over a subsidiary any retained interest in the entity is re-measured to its fair value at the date when control is lost, with the change in carrying amount recognized in profit or loss at such date. The fair value is the initial carrying amount for the purposes of subsequently accounting for the retained interest as an associate, joint venture or financial asset. In addition, any amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income in respect of that entity are accounted for as if the Group had directly disposed of the related assets or liabilities. This may mean that the amount previously recognized in other comprehensive income is reclassified to profit or loss.

d)
Joint arrangements -

Contracts in which the Group and one or more of the contracting parties have joint control on the relevant joint activities are called joint arrangements.

Investments in joint arrangements are classified as either joint operations or joint ventures depending on the contractual rights and obligations of each investor. The Group has assessed the nature of its joint arrangements and determined them to have both joint ventures, as well as joint operations.

Joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method.

Under the equity method of accounting, interests in joint ventures are initially recognized at cost and adjusted thereafter to recognize the Group’s share of the post-acquisition profits or losses and movements in other comprehensive income. When the Group’s share of losses in a joint venture equals or exceeds its interests in the joint ventures (which includes any long-term interests that, in substance, form part of the group’s net investment in the joint ventures), the Group does not recognize further losses, unless it has incurred obligations or made payments on behalf of the joint ventures. The Group investment includes identified goodwill in its acquisition.

 
- 10 -

 

(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)

Unrealized gains on transactions between the Group and its joint ventures are eliminated to the extent of the Group’s interest in the joint ventures. Unrealized losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. Accounting policies of the joint ventures have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group.

The Group assesses on an annual basis whether there is any objective evidence that the investment in the joint ventures and associate is impaired. If this is the case, the Group calculates the amount of impairment as the difference between the recoverable amount of the associate and its carrying value and recognizes the impairment loss in ‘share of profit or loss in associates and joint ventures under the equity method of accounting’ in the income statement.

Joint operation is a joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement, have rights to the assets, and obligations for the liabilities, relating to the arrangement. Each party recognizes its assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses and its share of any asset and liability jointly held and of any revenue or expense arisen from the joint operation.

e)
Associates -

Associates are all entities over which the Group has significant influence but not control, generally accompanying a holding of between 20% and 50% of the voting rights. Investments in associates are accounted for using the equity method of accounting (see above section d).

If ownership interest in an associate is reduced but significant influence is retained, only a proportionate share of the amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income is reclassified to profit or loss, where appropriate. The Group’s share of post-acquisition profit or loss is recognized in profit or loss, and its share of post-acquisition movements in profit or loss is recognized in other comprehensive income with a corresponding adjustment to the cost of the investment. When the Group’s share of losses in an associate equals or exceeds its interest in the associate, including any other unsecured receivables, the Group does not recognize further losses, unless it has incurred legal or assumed obligations or made payments on behalf of the associate.

Profits and losses resulting from upstream and downstream transactions between the Group and its associates are recognized in the Group’s financial statements only to the extent of unrelated investor’s interests in the associates. Unrealized losses are eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. Accounting policies of associates are changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group.

Dilution gains and losses arising in investments in associates are recognized in profit or loss.

Impairment losses are measured and recorded in accordance with section d) above.

2.3
Segment reporting -

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-maker of the Group.

If an entity changes the structure of its internal organization in a manner that causes the composition of its reportable segments to change, the Group restates the information for earlier periods unless the information is not available.
 
 
- 11 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
2.4
Foreign currency translation -
 
a)
Functional and presentation currency -
 
Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which each entity operates (the functional currency). The consolidated financial statements are presented in Peruvian Soles, which is the Company’s functional currency and the Group’s presentation currency. All subsidiaries, joint arrangements and associates use the Peruvian Sol as their functional currency, except for foreign entities, for which the functional currency is the currency of the country in which they operate.

b)
Transactions and balances -

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transactions or valuation when items are re-measured. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the changes at year-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognized in the income statement, except when deferred in equity as qualifying cash flow hedges.

Foreign exchange gains and losses of all monetary items are presented in the income statement within financial expenses and financial income.

c)
Group companies -

The results and financial position of all the Group entities (none of which has the currency of a hyper-inflationary economy) that have a functional currency different from the presentation currency of the Group are translated into the presentation currency as follows:

 
i)
assets and liabilities for each statement of the financial position presented are translated using the closing rate at the date of the statement of financial position;

 
ii)
income and expenses for each income statement are translated at the average exchange rate (unless this average is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case income and expenses are translated using the rate on the date of the transaction);

 
iii)
capital is translated by using the historical exchange rate for each capital contribution made; and

 
iv)
all resulting exchange differences are recognized as separate components in other comprehensive income.

Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising because of the acquisition of a foreign entity are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign entity and are translated at the closing exchange rate. Exchange differences arising are recognized in other comprehensive income.

Exchange differences arising on loans from the Parent to its subsidiaries in foreign currencies are recognized in the separate financial statements of the Parent and individual financial statements of the subsidiaries. In the consolidated financial statements, such exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income and are subsequently re-classified in the income statement on the disposal of the subsidiary or debt repayment; to the extent such loans qualifying as part of the “net investment of the foreign operation”.
 
 
- 12 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
2.5
Public services concession agreements -

Concession agreements signed between the Group and the Peruvian Government entitles the Group, as a Concessionaire, to assume obligations for the construction or improvement of infrastructure and which qualify as public service concessions as defined by IFRIC 12, “Service Concession Arrangements”. The consideration to be received from the Government for the services of constructing or improving public infrastructure is recognized as a financial asset or as an intangible asset (bifurcated), as set forth below.

Under these agreements (the grantor), the government controls and regulates services provided by the Group with the infrastructure and dictates to whom it must provide them and at what price. The concession agreement establishes the obligation for the Group to return the infrastructure to the grantor at the end of the concession period or when there is an expiration event.
This feature gives the grantor control of the risks and rewards of the residual value of the assets at the end of the concession period. For this reason, the Group will not recognize the infrastructure as part of its property, plant and equipment.

The Group manages three types of concessions which accounting recognition is as follows:

a)
Recognizes a financial asset to the extent that it has a contractual right to receive cash or another financial assets either because the Government secures the payment of specified or determinable amounts or because the Government will cover any difference arising from the amounts actually received from public service users in relation with the specified or determinable amounts. These financial assets are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently at amortized cost (the financial model).

b)
Recognizes an intangible asset to the extent that the service agreement grants the Group a contractual right to charge users of the public service. The resulting intangible asset is measured at cost and is amortized as described in Note 2.15 (intangible asset model).

c)
Recognizes a financial asset and an intangible asset when the Group recovers its investment partially by a financial asset and partially by an intangible asset (the bifurcated model).

2.6
Cash and cash equivalents -

In the consolidated statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, on-demand bank deposits, other highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less and bank overdrafts. In the consolidated financial statements, bank overdrafts are included in the balance of financial obligations as current liabilities in the statement of financial position.

2.7
Financial assets -

2.7.1
Classification -

The Group classifies its financial assets in the following categories: financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, financial assets held-to-maturity, loans and account receivables and financial assets available for sale. The classification depends on the purpose for which the financial assets were acquired. Management determines the classification of its financial assets at initial recognition. As of the date of the financial statements, the Group has classified its financial assets in the following three categories:
 
 
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(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
a)
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss -

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are non-derivatives that are designated by the Group as at fair value upon initial recognition and are held-for-trading. They are included in current assets. The changes in their fair value are recognized in profit or loss in item “Other income and expenses, net” in the income statement.

b)
Loans and accounts receivable -

Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. They are included in current assets, except for those which maturity is greater than 12 months after the statement of financial position. These are classified as non-current assets. The Group’s loans and receivables comprise ‘trade accounts receivables’, ‘accounts receivable from related parties’, ‘other accounts receivable’, ‘unbilled work in progress’ and ‘cash and cash equivalents’.

c)
Available-for-sale financial assets -

Available-for-sale financial assets are non-derivatives that are either designated in this category or not classified in any of the other categories. They are included in non-current assets unless Management intends to dispose of them within 12 months of the date of the statement of financial position.

2.7.2
Recognition and measurement -

Regular purchases and sales of financial assets are recognized on the trade-date, the date on which the Group commits to purchase or sell the asset. Investments are initially recognized at fair value plus transaction costs for all financial assets not carried at fair value through profit or loss. Financial assets are derecognized when the rights to receive cash flows from the investments have expired or have been transferred and the Group has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership. Available-for-sale financial assets are subsequently carried at fair value. Loans and receivables are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

Gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of the ‘financial assets at fair value through profit or loss’ category are presented in profit or loss within ‘Other income and expenses, net’ in the period in which they arise. Dividend income from financial assets at fair value through profit or loss is recognized in the income statement as part of other income when the group’s right to receive payments is established.

Changes in the fair value of monetary securities classified as available for sale are recognized in other comprehensive income. When a financial asset classified as available for sale is sold or impaired, the accumulated fair value adjustments recognized in equity are reclassified to profit or loss.

Dividends on available-for-sale equity instruments are recognized in the income statement as part of “other income and expenses, net” when the Group’s right to receive payments is established.

2.8
Impairment of financial assets -

a)
Assets carried at amortized cost -

The Group assesses at the end of each reporting period whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. If a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired, the impairment losses are incurred only if there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the asset (a ‘loss event’) and that loss event (or events) has an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or group of financial assets that can be reliably estimated.
 
 
- 14 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)

Evidence of impairment may include indications that the debtors or a group of debtors is experiencing significant financial difficulty, default or delinquency in interest or principal payments, the probability that they will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganization, and where observable data indicate that there is a measurable decrease in the estimated future cash flows, such as changes in arrears or economic conditions that correlate with defaults.

For the loans and receivables category, the amount of the loss is measured as the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows (excluding future credit losses that have not been incurred) discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate. The carrying amount of the asset is reduced and the amount of the loss is recognized in the statement of comprehensive income. If a loan or an account receivable has a variable interest rate, the discount rate for measuring any impairment loss is the current effective interest rate determined under the contract. As a practical expedient, the Group may measure impairment on the basis of an instrument’s fair value using an observable market price.

If, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment was recognized (such as an improvement in the debtor’s credit rating), the reversal of the previously recognized impairment loss is recognized in the income statement.

b)
Assets classified as available-for-sale -

The Group assesses at the end of each reporting period whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset or a group of financial assets classified and available for sale is impaired.

For debt securities, if any such evidence exist the cumulative loss – measured as the difference between the acquisition cost and the current fair value, less any impairment loss on that financial asset previously recognized in profit or loss – is removed from equity and recognized in profit or loss. If, in a subsequent period, the fair value of a debt instrument classified as available for sale increases and the increase can be objectively related to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized in profit or loss, the impairment loss is reversed through the income statement.

For equity investments, a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the security below its cost is also evidence that the assets are impaired. If any such evidence exists for available-for-sale financial assets, the cumulative loss - measured as the difference between the acquisition cost and the current fair value, less any impairment loss on that financial asset previously recognized in profit or loss - is removed from equity and recognized in profit or loss. Impairment losses recognized in the income statement on equity instruments are not reversed through the income statement.

2.9
Derivative financial instruments and hedging activities -

Derivatives are initially recognized at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair value. The method of recognizing the resulting gain or loss depends on whether the derivative is designated as a hedging instrument, and if so, the nature of the item being hedged.

The Group designates certain derivatives as hedges of a particular risk associated with a recognized asset or liability (fair value hedge) or a highly probable forecast transaction (cash flow hedge).

The Group documents, at the inception of the transaction, the relationship between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategy for undertaking various hedging transactions. The Group also documents its assessment, both at hedge inception and on an ongoing basis, of whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of hedged items.
 
 
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(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)

The fair values of various derivative instruments used for hedging purposes and changes in the account reserves for hedging in equity are disclosed in Note 7. The full fair value of a hedging derivative is classified as a non-current asset or liability when the remaining maturity period of the hedged item is more than 12 months and as a current asset or liability when the remaining maturity period of the hedged item is less than 12 months. Trading derivatives are classified as a current asset or liability.

Cash flow hedge -

The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges is recognized as other comprehensive income. The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognized immediately in the income statement.

Amounts accumulated in equity are reclassified to profit or loss in the periods when the hedged item affects profit or loss (for example, when the forecasted sale that is hedged takes place).

The gain or loss relating to the effective portion of interest rate swaps hedging variable rate borrowings is recognized in the income statement as ‘Financial income or expenses’. However, when the forecasted transaction that is hedged results in the recognition of a non-financial asset (for example, inventory or fixed assets), the gains or losses previously deferred in equity are transferred from equity and are included in the initial measurement of the cost of the non-financial asset. The deferred amounts are ultimately recognized in cost of goods sold in the case of inventory or in depreciation in the case of fixed assets. When a hedging instrument expires or is sold, or when a hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, any cumulative gain or loss existing in equity at that time remains in equity and is recognized when the forecasted transaction is ultimately recognized in the income statement. When a forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss that was reported in equity is immediately transferred to the income statement within ‘other (losses) gains- net’.

2.10
Trade receivables -

Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for goods or services sold by the Company’s subsidiaries. If collection is expected in one year or less, they are classified as current assets. If not, they are presented as non-current assets.

Trade receivables are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less any provision for impairment, except for receivables of less than one year that are stated at nominal amount which is similar to their fair values since they are short term.

2.11
Unbilled work in progress -

Unbilled work in progress comprises the estimation made by the Management of the Engineering and Construction segment related to the unbilled rights receivable for services rendered and not yet approved by the client (valuation based on the percentage of completion).

It also includes the balance of work in progress costs incurred that relates to future activities of the construction contracts (see Note 2.25 for detail on Revenue from construction activities)

2.12
Inventories -

Inventory mainly includes land, work in progress and finished properties which is assigned to the real- estate activity. It also includes material used in the construction activity. Goods and supplies correspond to goods that the Group trades as part of its IT segment. Materials and supplies used in construction activities and IT equipment are determined under the weighted average cost method.
 
 
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(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Land intended to carry out real estate projects is recognized at acquisition cost. Work in progress and finished properties comprise design costs, material, labor costs, (directly attributable to the acquisition, construction and production of qualified assets), other indirect costs and general expenses related to the construction and do not include exchange differences.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less applicable variable selling expenses. The Company reviews annually whether inventories have been impaired identifying three groups of inventories to measure their net realizable value: i) the first group consists of land bought for future real estate projects: these are compared to their net appraisal value; if the acquisition value is higher, a provision of impairment is made; ii) the second group consists of land under construction, impairment is measured based on cost projections; if these costs are higher than selling prices of each real estate unit, a provision is made for impairment: and iii) the third group comprises completed real estate units; these inventory items are compared to the selling prices less selling expenses; if these selling expenses are higher, a provision for impairment is made. For the reductions in the carrying amount of these inventories to their net realizable value, a provision is made for impairment of inventories with a charge to profit or loss for the year in which those reductions occur.

Materials and other supplies are not written down below cost if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to generate margin. When a decline in the price of materials indicates that the cost of the finished products exceeds net their realizable value, the materials are written down to their replacement cost.

2.13
Investment properties -

Investment properties are shown at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Subsequent costs attributable to investment properties are capitalized only if it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the Company and the cost of these assets can be measured reliably; if not, they are recognized as expenses when incurred.

Repair and maintenance expenses are recognized in profit and loss when they are incurred. A property’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the property’s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount.

The cost and accumulated depreciation on disposals are eliminated from the respective accounts and the resulting gain or loss is recognized in profit or loss for the period. The depreciation of this asset is calculated under the straight-line method at a rate that is considered sufficient to absorb the property’s cost over its estimated useful life and considering its significant components with substantially different useful lives (each component is treated separately for depreciation purposes and depreciated over its individual useful life). The estimated useful life of investments properties fluctuate between 5 and 50 years.

The Group maintains only one investment property, a Shopping Mall owned by the subsidiary Viva GyM S.A. Its fair value amounted to US$16.7 million at December 31, 2015 (US$19 million at December 31, 2014). The stores in this mall are leased to third parties under operating leases.

2.14
Property, plant and equipment -

Property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less depreciation. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of these items.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or are recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of the replaced asset is derecognized. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to the income statement during the financial period in which they are incurred.
 
 
- 17 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)

Assets in the construction stage are capitalized as a separate component. At their completion, the cost of such assets is transferred to their definitive category.

Replacement units are major spare parts in which depreciation starts when the units are installed for use within the related asset.

Land is not depreciated. Depreciation of machinery and equipment and vehicles recognized as “Major equipment” are depreciated based on their hours of use. Under this method, the total number of work hours that machinery and equipment is capable to produce is estimated and a charge per hour is determined. The depreciation of other assets that do not qualify as “Major equipment” is calculated under the straight-line method to allocate their cost less their residual values over their estimated useful lives, as follows:
 
  Years
   
Buildings and facilities Between 3 and 50
Machinery and equipment Between 4 and 10
Vehicles Between 2 and 10
Furniture and fixtures Between 2 and 10
Other equipment Between 2 and 10
 
The assets’ residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted as appropriate, at each date of the statement of financial position. An asset’s carrying amount is written-down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset’s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount. Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognized in “Other income and expenses” in the income statement.

Non-current assets (or disposal groups) are classified as non-current assets held for sale when its carrying amount is recovered mainly through a sale operation and this sale is considered highly probable. These are estimated through the lowest carrying amount and the fair value amount less sale costs.

2.15
Intangible assets -

a)
Goodwill -

Goodwill arises on the acquisition of subsidiaries and represents the excess of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the acquisition-date fair value of any previous equity interest in the acquiree over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. If the total of consideration transferred, non-controlling interest recognized and previously held interest measured at fair value is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, in the case of a bargain purchase, the difference is recognized directly in the income statement.

Goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated to each of the cash-generating units (CGU), or group of CGUs, that is expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. Each unit or group of units to which the goodwill is allocated represents the lowest level within the entity at which the goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes. Goodwill is monitored at the operating segment level.

Goodwill impairment reviews are undertaken annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate a potential impairment. The carrying value of goodwill is compared to its recoverable amount, which is the higher of its value in use and its fair value less costs of disposal. Any impairment is recognized immediately as an expense in item “other income and expenses” and is not subsequently reversed.
 
 
- 18 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
b)
Trademarks -
 
Separately acquired trademarks are shown at historical cost. Trademarks acquired in a business combination are recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. Trademarks have an indefinite useful life.

c)
Concession rights -

The intangible asset related to the right to charge users for the services related to service concessions agreements (Note 2.5 and Note 5.b) is initially recorded at the fair value of construction or improvement services. It is amortized under the straight-line method, from the date when toll collection started using the lower of its estimated expected useful life or effective period of the concession agreement.

d)
Contractual relationships with customers -

Contractual relationships with customers are assets resulting from business combinations that were initially recognized at fair value, as determined based on the future cash flows expected from those relationships over an estimated period of time based on the time period those customers will remain as customers of the Group (the estimation of useful life is based on the contract terms which fluctuate between 2 and 5 years). The useful life and the impairment of these assets are individually assessed.

e)
Cost of development of wells -

Costs incurred to prepare the wells to extract the hydrocarbons associated with Block I and Block V, are capitalized as intangible assets. The Company capitalizes the development stage costs associated with preparing the wells for extraction. These costs are amortized based on the useful life of the wells (9 and 10 years for Blocks I and V, respectively), which is less than the overall period of the service contract with Perupetro.

f)
Internally generated software and development costs -

Costs associated with maintaining computer software programs are recognized as an expense as incurred. Development costs that are directly attributable to the design and testing of identifiable and unique software products controlled by the Group are recognized as intangible assets when the following criteria are met:

it is technically feasible to complete the software product so that it will be available for use;
management intends to complete the software product and use or sell it;
there is an ability to use or sell the software product;
it can be demonstrated how the software product will generate probable future economic benefits;
adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the software product are available; and
the expenditure attributable to the software product during its development can be reliably measured.

Directly attributable costs, such as development employee costs and an appropriate portion of relevant overhead, are capitalized as part of the software.

Other development expenditures that do not meet these recognition criteria are expensed as incurred. Development costs previously recognized as an expense are not recognized as an asset in a subsequent period. Computer software development costs recognized as assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives not exceeding three years.
 
 
- 19 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
g)
Rights of use of land -

Rights of use of land are stated at historical cost less amortization and any accumulated impairment losses. The useful life of this asset is based on the agreement signed (60 years) and their effective period may be extended if agreed by the parties. Amortization will begin when it becomes ready for its intended use by Management.

2.16
Impairment of non-financial assets -

Assets that have an indefinite useful life are not subject to amortization and are tested annually for impairment. Assets that are subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.
An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to sell and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (cash-generating units). Non-financial assets other than goodwill that were adjusted for impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of such impairment at each reporting date.

2.17
Trade payables -

Trade payables are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business. Accounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less (or in the normal operating cycle of the business if longer). If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities.

Trade payables are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, except for payables of less than one year that are stated at nominal amount which is similar to their fair values since they are short term.

2.18
Other financial liabilities -

They comprise loans and bonds issued by the Group, which are recognized initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently carried at amortized cost; any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognized in the income statement over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

Fees paid for entering into loan facilities are recognized as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down. In this case, the fee is deferred until the draw-down occurs.

2.19
Borrowing costs -

General and specific borrowing costs directly attributable to acquisitions, construction or development of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time (over 12 months) to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. The assets in which the Group proceeds to capitalize borrowing costs are intangible assets and inventories (Note 17 and 14). The Company suspends capitalization of a qualifying asset during periods in which active development is interrupted.

Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalization. All other borrowing costs are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred.
 
 
- 20 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
2.20
Current and deferred income tax -

The tax expense for the period comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognized in the income statement, except to the extent that it relates to items recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognized in the statement of comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the date of the statement of financial position in the countries where the Company and its subsidiaries operate and generate taxable income. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. Management, where appropriate, establishes provisions on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.

Deferred income tax is recognized, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the financial statements. However, deferred tax liabilities are not recognized if they arise from the initial recognition of goodwill; deferred income tax is not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss. Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realized or the deferred income tax liability is settled.

Deferred income tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilized.

Deferred income tax is provided on temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries and associates, except for deferred income tax liability where the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference is controlled by the Group and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when the deferred income tax assets and liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority.

The deferred income tax arising from the temporary differences in investments in subsidiaries, associates and interest in joint-controlled businesses is not recognized as the tax legislation in Chile, Colombia, Panama, Brazil, Bolivia, Guyana, Dominican Republic and Peru does not consider the income from dividends as a taxable item and the Group expects to recover the investment through the dividends rather than their sale.

2.21
Employee benefits -

a)
Profit sharing -

The Peruvian entities of the Group recognize a liability and an expense for statutory workers’ profit sharing under laws and regulations currently in force. Workers’ profit sharing is equivalent to 5% of the taxable income determined separately by each of the Group’s Peruvian entities, according to the income tax law currently in force. The branch based in the Dominican Republic has a similar profit sharing scheme, which rate is 10% of the taxable income. For the particular case of Chile, workers’ profit sharing is a component of remuneration (equivalent to 4.75% of the minimum annual salarie) rather than a percentage based on profit. In Brazil, Colombia and Guyana no such benefits are paid to workers. In Bolivia workers’ profit sharing is equivalent to a one-month salary and their total amount cannot exceed 25% of profits.
 
 
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(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
b)
Bonuses -

The Peruvian entities of the Group recognize an expense and the related liability for statutory bonuses based on applicable laws and regulations effective in Peru. Statutory bonuses comprise two additional one-month salaries paid every year in July and December, respectively. According to Chilean legislation, employees receive a fixed amount in September and December. In Brazil, Colombia and Dominican Republic these benefits are not provided to employees. In Brazil, Colombia and Dominican Republic no such benefits are paid to workers. In Bolivia a statutory bonus is paid to workers that equals an additional one-month salary and settled net every December, without deductions per year of service as well as an additional one-month salary, which is dependent on the country growth to be equal or above 4.5%. In Guyana, statutory bonuses are paid once in December (equivalent to a one-month salary) and the second one is prorated on a monthly basis along the year (also equivalent to a one-month salary).

c)
Severance indemnities -

The employees’ severance payments for time of service of the Group’s Peruvian staff comprise their indemnification rights, calculated in accordance with the regulations in force, which have to be credited to the bank accounts designated by workers in May and November each year. The compensation for time of service amounts to an additional one-month’s salary effective at the date of bank deposits. In Colombia, this is 1.11 times the monthly remuneration and in Chile i is 3.8% of the monthly salary. There is no such benefit in Guyana. The Group does not have any additional payment obligation once the annual deposits are made of the amounts workers are entitled to.

d)
Vacation leave -

Annual vacation leave is recognized on an accrual and cumulative basis. Provision for the estimated obligations of annual vacations is recognized at the date of the statement of financial position and it corresponds to one month for Peruvian and Brazilian employees and fifteen days for Chilean, Dominican and Colombian employees per year. In Bolivia vacation leave depends on seniority of a worker and range from fifteen to thirty days.

e)
Pension plans -

The subsidiary CAM has in place a pension plan scheme with its workers. These commitments comprise both defined benefit and defined contribution plans. A defined benefit plan defines an amount of pension benefit that an employee will receive on retirement, usually dependent on one or more factors such as age, years of service and compensation.

The liability recognized in the statement of financial position with respect to the defined benefit pension plan is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method. The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows using interest rates of high-quality corporate bonds that are denominated in the currency in which the benefits will be paid, and that have terms to maturity approximating to the terms of the related pension obligation. In countries where there is no deep market in such bonds, the market rates on government bonds are used.

Remeasurements arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or credited to equity in other comprehensive income in the period in which they arise.
 
 
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(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
2.22
Other provisions -

a)
General -

Provisions are recognized when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events; it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation; and the amount has been reliably estimated. Provisions are reviewed at year – end. If the time value of money is significant, provisions are discounted using a pre-tax rate that reflects, when applicable, the specific risks related to the liability. Reversal of the discount due to the passage of time results in the obligation being recognized with a charge to the income statement as a financial expense. Provisions are not recognized for future operating losses.

Contingent obligations are disclosed for possible obligations that are not yet determined to be probable. Contingent assets are not recognized and only disclosed if it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the Company.

b)
Provision for the closure of production wells -

Group entities recognize a provision for the closure of operating units that correspond to the legal obligation to close oil production wells once the production phase has been completed. At the initial date of recognition, the liability that arises from said obligation is measured at cash flow discounted to present value, the same amount is simultaneously charged to the intangible account in the statement of financial position. Subsequently, the liability will increase in each period to reflect the financial cost considered in the initial measurement of the discount, and the capitalized cost is depreciated based on the useful life of the related asset. When a liability is settled, the Group’s entities will recognize any gain or loss that may arise. The fair value changes estimated for the initial obligation and interest rates are recognized as an increase or decrease of the carrying amount of the obligation and related asset, according to IFRIC 1 ‘Changes in Existing Decommissioning, Restoration and Similar Liabilities’; any decrease in the provision, and any decrease of the asset that may exceed the carrying amount of said asset is immediately recognized in the income statement.

If the review of the estimated obligation results in the need to increase the provision and, accordingly, increase the carrying amount of the asset, the Group’s entities will also take into consideration if said increase corresponds to an indicator that the asset has been impaired and, if so, impairment tests are carried out, according to the guidelines of IAS 36, “Impairment of assets” (Note 2.16).

c)
Provision for periodic maintenance -

The service concession arrangement of Norvial has maintenance obligations that it must fulfill during the operation phase to maintain the infrastructure to a specific level of service at all times and to restore the infrastructure to a specified level condition before it is handed back to the grantor. The Group recognizes and measures such obligations, except for an upgrade element, in accordance with IAS 37, 'Provisions, contingent assets and liabilities. The Company apply a criteria of maintenance provision based on the use of the infrastructure, so the level of use of the road is the fact that determines the amount of the obligation over the time.

2.23
Put option arrangement -

This liability is measured by the expected cash outflows that would be required if the option is exercised discounted at the date of the financial statements. Subsequently, the financial liability is updated for changes in the expected cash outflows that would be required and the financial component for the passage of time. The effects of this update are recognized in profit or loss.
 
 
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(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
2.24
Capital -

Common shares are classified as equity.

Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity, as a deduction, net of taxes, of the proceeds.

Where any Group company purchases the Company’s equity shares (treasury shares), the consideration paid, including any directly attributable incremental costs (net of income taxes) is deducted from equity attributable to the company’s equity holders until the shares are cancelled or reissued. Where such shares are subsequently reissued, any consideration received, net of any directly attributable incremental transaction costs and the related income tax effects is included in equity attributable to the Group’s equity holders.

2.25
Revenue recognition -

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Revenue is stated net of sales rebates, discounts and value added taxes and after eliminating sales between Group companies.

The Group recognizes revenue when the amount of revenue can be reliably measured; when it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the entity; and when specific criteria have been met for each of the Group’s activities.

The Group’s revenue recognition policy is described as follows:

i)
Revenue from construction activities -

Revenues from construction contracts are recognized using the percentage-of-completion of the contract based on the completion of a physical proportion of the contract work considering total costs and revenues estimated at the end of the project, in accordance with IAS 11, Construction Contracts. Under the physical proportion method revenues are determined based on the proportion of actual physical completion compared to the total contract physical construction commitment.

When it is probable that the total costs of contract will be above the related revenue, the expected loss will be immediately expensed.

When the outcome of a construction contract cannot be estimated reliably, the associated revenue are recognized to the extent costs incurred are recoverable.

Revenue is billed once approval is received by the owners of the work in progress.

In the statement of financial position the Company shows the net position of each contract as an asset or a liability. A contract is considered an asset when the costs incurred plus recognized earnings less the sum of all the recognized losses and assessments exceed in-process billings; this asset is shown in the statement of financial position as “Unbilled work in progress”; otherwise they are presented as a liability within “Trade payables”.

Accounts receivable derived from work services are shown net of the advances received from customers to the extent the related contracts include settlement provisions.

A variation is an instruction by the customer for a change in the scope of the work to be performed under the contract. A variation may lead to an increase or a decrease in contract revenue. A variation is included in contract revenue when it is probable that the customer will approve the variation and the amount of revenue arising from the variation; and the amount of revenue can be reliably measured.
 
 
- 24 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)

A claim is an amount that the Group seeks to collect from the customer or third party as reimbursement for costs not included in the contract price. Claims are included in contract revenue only when negotiations have reached an advanced stage such that it is probable that the customer will accept the claim; and the amount that it is probable will be accepted by the customer can be measured reliably.

ii)
Revenue from engineering, advisory, consulting services and other services -

For sales of services, revenue is recognized in the accounting period in which the services are rendered.

iii)
Sales of real-estate properties -

Revenue from sales of real estate properties is recognized in the results of the period when sales occur, that is, when the properties are delivered and the risks and rewards inherent to ownership are transferred to the buyer and the collection of the corresponding receivables is reasonably assured.

iv)
Revenue from IT services -

The sale of computer equipment includes some services to be provided in a subsequent date to the asset sale as installation and maintenance. When sales agreements include multiple elements, the amount of the revenue is attributed to each element based on their related fair values. The fair value of each element is determined based on the market price prevailing for each element when sold separately. Revenue derived from computer equipment is recognized when the related risks and rewards are transferred to the customer, which occurs upon delivery. Revenue relating to each service element is recognized as a percentage of the total services to be performed during the period of service.

v)
Interest income -

Revenue from interest is recognized on a time-proportion basis, using the effective interest method.

vi)
Dividend income -

Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive payment is established as approved at the General Shareholders’ Meeting.

vii)
Revenue for concession services -

Revenue for concession services is recognized according to its nature. Construction and restoration activities are accounted for applying the percentage-of-completion method as described above and operation and maintenance services in the accounting period when they are provided (see Note 2.5).

2.26
Construction contract costs -

Construction contract costs are recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.

Contract costs include all direct costs such as materials, labor, subcontracting costs, manufacturing and supply costs of equipment, start-up costs and indirect costs. Periodically, the Company evaluates the reasonableness of the estimates used in the determination of the percentage-of-completion. If, as a result of this evaluation, there are modifications to the revenue or cost previously estimated, or if the total estimated cost of the project exceeds expected revenues, an adjustment is made in order to reflect the effect in results of the period in which the adjustment or loss is incurred.
 
 
- 25 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)

When the outcome of a construction work cannot be estimated reliably, the revenue of the contract is recognized only up to the amount of the contractual costs incurred and that are likely to be recovered.

Changes in contract relating to the work to be performed, lawsuits and payment of incentives are included in the revenue from the contract to the extent that they have been agreed with the client and can be measured reliably.

2.27
Leases -

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases (net of any incentives received from the lessor) are charged to the profit or loss of the period on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease. The Group’s major operating leases are computer and printing equipment leases and the temporary rent of the facilities in the district of Miraflores.

The Group leases certain property, plant and equipment. Leases of property, plant and equipment where the Group has substantially assumed all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are capitalized at the lease’s commencement at the lower of the fair value of the leased property and the present value of the minimum lease payments.
Each lease payment is allocated between the liability and finance charges in order to obtain a constant rate on the balance pending payment. The corresponding rental obligations, net of finance charges, are included in other long-term payables. The interest element of the finance cost is charged to the income statement over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period. The property, plant and equipment acquired under finance leases are depreciated over the shorter of the useful life of the asset and the lease term.

2.28
Dividend distribution -

Dividend distribution to the Company’s shareholders is recognized as a liability in the financial statements in the period in which the dividends are approved by the Company’s shareholders.

2.29
Significant non-operating items -

Significant non-operating items are separately shown in the financial statements when they are necessary to provide a better understanding of the Group’s financial performance. These material items are income or expenses shown separately due to the significance of their nature or amount.

2.30
New standards, amendments and interpretations -

a)
New standards, amendments and interpretations adopted by the Group in 2015

The Company has used for the first time the following IFRS and amendments to IFRS in the preparation of its financial statements for 2015:

-
IFRS annual improvements for 2010-2012 and 2011-2013 cycles.
-
Defined Benefit Plans: Employee contributions – amendment to IAS 19, ‘Employee Benefits’.

Adoption of annual improvement for the 2010-2012 and 2011-2013 cycles have only required additional minor disclosures. This improvements have not had a significant impact on the current and prior years and they are not likely to affect future periods.
 
 
- 26 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
b)
New standards and amendments and interpretations effective for the financial statements for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016 not yet adopted -

-
IFRS 9, ‘Financial instruments,’ addresses the classification, measurement and recognition of financial assets and financial liabilities. The complete version of IFRS 9 was issued in July 2015. It replaces the guidance in IAS 39 that relates to the classification and measurement of financial instruments.

IFRS 9 retains but simplifies the mixed measurement model and establishes three primary measurement categories for financial assets: amortized cost, fair value through Other Comprehensive Income and fair value through Profit and Loss. The basis of classification depends on the entity’s business model and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset. Investments in equity instruments are required to be measured at fair value through profit or loss with the irrevocable option at inception to present changes in fair value in Other Comprehensive Income not recycling. There is now a new expected credit losses model that replaces the incurred loss impairment model used in IAS 39. For financial liabilities there were no changes to classification and measurement except for the recognition of changes in own credit risk in other comprehensive income, for liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss. IFRS 9 relaxes the requirements for hedge effectiveness by replacing the bright line hedge effectiveness tests. It requires an economic relationship between the hedged item and hedging instrument and for the ‘hedged ratio’ to be the same as the one management actually use for risk management purposes. Contemporaneous documentation is still required but is different to that currently prepared under IAS 39.

The standard is effective for accounting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. As part of the evaluation of the impact of to this standard, the Group does not expect the changes introduced by the IFRS 9 may have a material impact on the criteria and measurement of financial assets and liabilities that are currently applied by the Group.

-
IFRS 15, ‘Revenue from contracts with customers’

The standard replaces IAS 18 ‘Revenue’ and IAS 11 ‘Construction contracts’ and related interpretations. The new standard is based on the principle that revenue is recognized when control of a good or service transfers to a customer – so the notion of control replaces the existing notion of risks and rewards. The newly issued standard introduces a five-step process for revenue recognition, as follows: (i) identifying the contract with a customer, (ii) identifying separate performance obligation, (iii) determining the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the separate performance obligations and (v) Recognize Revenue When (or as) Performance Obligations Are Satisfied. The application of IFRS 15 may have an effect on the timing and amount of revenue recognition as well as on the business processes, systems and internal controls that may require changes for adequately meeting the new requirements. Entities have the option of a full retrospective application and a retrospective application with additional disclosures. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018 and earlier application is permitted. The Group is assessing the impact of IFRS 15 application of which is not expected to have a significant impact on revenue recognition. The Company is considering transition options established for IFRS 15 and the effect on the current contracts signed with the other subsidiaries.
 
 
- 27 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
-
Amendments to IFRS 11, ‘Joint arrangements’.

The amendments to IFRS 11 clarify the accounting for the acquisition of an interest in a joint operation where the activities of the operation constitute a business. They require an investor to apply the principles of business combination accounting (NIIF 3) when it acquires an interest in a joint operation that constitutes a business. This includes: (i) measuring identifiable assets and liabilities at fair value, (ii) expensing acquisition-related costs, (iii) recognizing deferred tax, and (iv) recognizing the residual as goodwill, and testing this for impairment annually. Existing interests in the joint operation are not remeasured on acquisition of an additional interest, provided joint control is maintained. The amendments also apply when a joint operation is formed and an existing business is contributed.
 
-
IAS 1 “Presentation of financial statements” disclosure initiative.
 
The amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements are made in the context of the IASB’s Disclosure Initiative, which explores how financial statement disclosures can be improved. The amendments provide clarifications on a number of issues, including:
 
(i)
Materiality: an entity should not aggregate or disaggregate information in a manner that obscures useful information. Where items are material, sufficient information must be provided to explain the impact on the financial position or performance.

(ii)
Disaggregation and subtotals: line items specified in IAS 1 may need to be disaggregated where this is relevant to an understanding of the entity’s financial position or performance. There is also new guidance on the use of subtotals.

(iii)
OCI arising from investments accounted for under the equity method: The amendments require that the share of other comprehensive income arising from investments accounted for under the equity method is grouped based on whether the items will or will not subsequently be reclassified to profit or loss. Each group should then be presented as a single line item in the statement of other comprehensive income.

(iv)
Notes: confirmation that the notes do not need to be presented in a particular order.

-
IFRS 16 “Leases”

On January 13, 2016, IFRS 16, ‘Leases’ (IFRS 16) was issued replacing the current guidance (IAS 17, ‘Leases’ and IFRIC 4, ‘Determining whether an arrangement contains a lease” and other related standards). IFRS 16 introduces a new definition of a lease and a new accounting model that will have a material impact on lessees. As a result of the new accounting treatment, an entity is required to recognize in the statement of financial position, at the inception of the lease, an asset for the right of use of the leased asset and a liability for the obligations to make future contractual payments. At initial recognition, the asset and liability will be measured at the present value of the minimum lease payment under contract. As a result of this change, a large number of leases classified as “operating leases” under the current standards will be shown on the face of the statement of financial position from the inception of the lease.

This new accounting model is applicable to all contracts qualifying as leases, excepted for those contracts with an effective period of less than 12 months (considering in that determination the likelihood of contract extension) and lease contracts of assets that are considered immaterial.

The standard applies to annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019, with earlier application permitted if IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, is also applied.
 
 
- 28 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)

The Group is currently evaluating the impact these standards may have on the preparation of its financial statements. There are no other IFRSs or IFRIC interpretations that are not yet effective that would be expected to have a material impact on the Group’s financial statements.

2.31
Reclassifications -

The Group has changed its accounting policy for the presentation of interest payments in the Statement of Cash Flows under Operating activities. Until 2014, interest payments were presented under Financing activities; the change in 2015 resulted from Management's assessment that interest payable on obtaining notes and bank borrowings are mainly related and have been used to meet working capital needs for the concession projects signed with the Peruvian Government and other major projects in the Construction segment; accordingly, the change is intended to provide the financial statements users with more relevant and consistent information by presenting interest within cash flows from operating activities considering their nature and main purpose. For comparison purposes the change in accounting policy has been applied to 2013 and 2014 figures.

Additionally, due the review of the provisional allocation of the purchase price in business combination transactions some assets and liabilities of 2014 figures were adjusted (note 32-a).

3
FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT

Financial risk management is carried out by the Group’s Management. Management oversees the general management of risks in specific areas, such as foreign exchange rate risk, price risk, cash flow and fair value interest rate risk, credit risk, the use of derivative and non-derivative financial instruments and the investment of excess liquidity as well as financial risks, and carries out periodic supervision and monitoring.

3.1
Financial risk factors

The Group’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including foreign exchange risk, price risk, fair value interest rate risk and cash flow interest rate risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The Group’s overall risk management program focuses on the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to minimize potential adverse effects on the Group’s financial performance. The Group uses derivative financial instruments to hedge certain risk exposures in one of its subsidiaries and considers the use of other derivatives in the event that it identifies risks that may generate an adverse effect for the Group in the short and medium-term.

a)
Market risks -

i)
Foreign exchange risk -

The Group is exposed to exchange rate risk as a result of the transactions carried out locally in foreign currency and due to its operations abroad. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, this exposure is mainly concentrated in fluctuations of the U.S. dollar, Chilean and Colombian Pesos. The foreign exchange risk of the investments in Brazil, Bolivia, Panama and Dominican Republic are not significant due their level of operations.

As of December 31, 2015, the consolidated statement of financial position includes assets and liabilities in foreign currency (mainly in U.S.dollar) equivalent to S/1,659 million and S/2,404 million, respectively (S/1,316 million and S/1,677 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2014) equivalent to US$486.7 million and US$704.5 million respectively (US$455.5 million and US$580 million, respectively as of December, 2014).

During 2015, the Peruvian Sol the Chilean and Colombian Pesos have been exposed against the U.S. dollar. The Group’s exchange gains and losses for 2015 amounted to S/427.2 million and S/510.1 million, respectively (S/357.3 million and S/401.6 million, respectively in 2014, and S/431 million and S/501 million, respectively in 2013).
 
 
- 29 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
If, at December 31, 2015, the Peruvian Sol and the Chilean and Colombian Pesos had strengthened/weakened by 2% against the U.S. dollar, with all variables held constant, the pre-tax profit for the year would have increased/decreased by S/1.7 million (S/0.9 million in 2014 and S/1.4 million in 2013).

As of December 31, 2015, the consolidated statement of changes in equity comprises a foreign currency translation adjustment originated by its subsidiaries. Their financial position include assets and liabilities in functional currency equivalent to Ch$85,238 million and Ch$80,378 million, respectively (Ch$109,187 million and Ch$62,163 million, respectively as of December, 2014), Col$265,370 million and Col$309,446 million respectively (Col$189,649 million and Col$149,150 million, respectively as of December, 2014), b$61.4 million and b$92.6 million respectively (b$0.1 million and b$0.2 million, respectively as of December, 2014). At the end of 2015, the Group does not maintain records in reales (R$20.1 million and R$7.1 million respectively, as of December, 2014).

The Group´s foreign exchange translation adjustment for 2015 amounted to S/44.6 million (S/20.5 million in 2014 and S/1.1 million in 2013).

ii)
Price risk -

Management considers that the exposure of the Group to the price risk of its investments in mutual funds, bonds and equity securities is low, since the invested amounts are not significant. Any fluctuation in their fair value will not have any significant impact on the balances reported in the consolidated financial statements.

iii)
Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk -

The Group’s interest rate risk mainly arises from its long-term borrowings. Borrowings issued at variable rates expose the Group to cash flow interest rate risk. Borrowings issued at fixed rates expose the Group to fair value interest rate risk. Group policy is to maintain most of its borrowings in fixed rate instruments; 72.7% of total debt in 2015 (97% in 2014) was contracted at fixed rates and 27.3% at variable rates (3% in 2014), which is comprised of a 23.6% rate plus VAC (adjusted for inflation) and the remaining 3.7% at variable rate.

The debt subject to rate + VAC is the interest rate on a bond issued in Peruvian soles to finance the Metro Line 1 Project (GyM Ferrovías). Any increase in the interest rate resulting from higher inflation will have no significant impact on the Group’s profit because these revenues are also adjusted for inflation.

During 2015 and 2014 the Group’s borrowings at variable rates are denominated in Peruvian Soles and U.S. dollars and the Group’s policy is to manage their cash flow risk by using interest-rate swaps, which are recognized under hedge accounting. The increase or decrease of 5% in interest rate would not have a material effect on the Group’s results. There was no material ineffectiveness on cash flow hedges occurred in fiscal years 2015 and 2014.

b)
Credit risk -

Credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents and deposits with banks and financial institutions, as well as customer credit counterparties, including the outstanding balance of accounts receivable and committed transactions. For banks and financial institutions, only independently rated parties with a minimum rating of ‘A’ are accepted.

For accounts receivable, Management of each of the Group’s companies evaluates the credit quality of the client taking into consideration its financial position, past experience and other factors. Individual risk limits are set based on internal or external ratings in accordance with limits set by the board. The utilization of credit limits is regularly monitored.
 
 
- 30 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
With respect to loans to related parties, the Group has measures in place to ensure the recovery of these loans through the controls maintained by the Corporate Finance Management and the performance evaluation conducted by the Board.

No credit limits were exceeded during the reporting period, and Management does not expect the Group to incur any losses from performance by these counterparties.
 
c)
Liquidity risk -
 
Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and cash equivalents, the availability of funding through an adequate number of sources of committed credit facilities and the capacity to close out positions in the market. In this sense, the Group has no significant liquidity risks given the fact that historically its cash flows have enabled it to maintain sufficient cash to meet its obligations.

Group Corporate Finance monitors rolling forecasts of the Group’s liquidity requirements to ensure it has sufficient cash to meet operational needs while maintaining sufficient headroom on its undrawn committed borrowing facilities (Note 18), so that the Group does not breach borrowing limits or covenants, where applicable, on any of its borrowing facilities. Less significant financing transactions are controlled by the Finance Management of each subsidiary.

Such forecasting takes into consideration the Group’s debt financing plans, covenant compliance, compliance with internal statement of financial position ratio targets and, if applicable, external regulatory or legal requirements; for example, foreign currency restrictions.

Surplus cash held by the operating entities over the balance required for working capital management are invested in interest-bearing checking accounts or time deposits, selecting instruments with appropriate maturities and sufficient liquidity.

The following table analyzes the Group’s financial liabilities into relevant maturity groupings based on the remaining period from the date of the statement of financial position to the contractual maturity date. The amounts disclosed in the table are the contractual undiscounted cash flows.
 
   
Less than 1
   
From 1 to
   
From 2 to
   
Over
       
   
year
   
2 years
   
5 years
   
5 years
   
Total
 
                               
At December 31, 2014
                             
Other financial liabilities (except
                             
for finance leases)
    1,318,817       72,696       56,206       -       1,447,719  
Finance leases
    138,988       92,242       122,378       11,224       364,832  
Trade accounts payables
    1,177,581       3,779       -       -       1,181,360  
Accounts payables to related parties
    83,027       -       -       -       83,027  
Other accounts payables
    77,213       31,352       146,278       -       254,843  
Other non-financial liabilities
    -       2,999       -       -       2,999  
      2,795,626       203,068       324,862       11,224       3,334,780  
                                         
At December 31, 2015
                                       
Other financial liabilities (except
                                       
for finance leases)
    1,102,855       181,729       223,713       -       1,508,297  
Finance leases
    157,957       118,311       42,513       10,431       329,212  
Bonds
    69,823       82,916       217,418       1,445,187       1,815,344  
Trade accounts payables
    1,635,760       -       -       -       1,635,760  
Accounts payables to related parties
    77,830       19,728       -       408       97,966  
Other accounts payables
    181,113       36,456       121,678       -       339,247  
Other non-financial liabilities
    -       2,331       -       -       2,331  
      3,225,338       441,471       605,322       1,456,026       5,728,157  
 
 
- 31 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
3.2
Capital management -
 
The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns for shareholders, benefits for other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital.

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debt.

The Group monitors capital on the basis of the gearing ratio. This ratio is calculated as net debt divided by total capital. Net debt is calculated as total borrowings (including current and non-current borrowings), less cash and cash equivalents. Total capital is calculated as ‘equity’ as shown in the consolidated statement of financial position plus net debt.

As of December 31, 2015, the gearing ratio is presented below indicating the Company’s strategy to keep it in a range from 0.10 to 0.70.

As of December 31, the gearing ratio was as follows:
 
   
2014
    2015  
             
Total financial liabilities
    1,751,579       2,575,447  
Less: Cash and cash equivalents
    (818,402 )     (554,002 )
Net debt
    933,177       2,021,445  
Total equity
    3,173,707       3,183,045  
Total capital
    4,106,884       5,204,490  
                 
Gearing ratio
    0.23       0.39  
 
3.3
Fair value estimation -
 
For the classification of the type of valuation used by the Group for its financial instruments at fair value, the following levels of measurement have been established.
 
-
Level 1: Measurement based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
-
Level 2: Measurement based on inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (that is, as prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices).
-
Level 3: Measurement based on inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (that is, unobservable inputs, generally based on internal estimates and assumptions of the Group).
 
 
- 32 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
The following table presents the financial assets and liabilities of the Group measured at fair value at December 31, 2014 and 2015:
 
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
 
                         
At December 31, 2014
                       
                         
Financial assets
                       
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss:
                       
- Mutual funds
    18,724       -       -       18,724  
Derivatives used for hedging
    -       2,999       -       2,999  
Available-for-sale financial assets:
                               
- TGP S.A. investment (i)
    -       -       93,144       93,144  
                                 
Financial liabilities
                               
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss:
                               
- Put option (ii)
    -       -       113,829       113,829  
                                 
At December 31, 2015
                               
                                 
Financial assets
                               
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss:
                               
- Mutual funds
    10,104       -       -       10,104  
Derivatives used for hedging
    -       2,331       -       2,331  
Available-for-sale financial assets:
                               
- TGP S.A. investment (i)
    -       -       120,134       120,134  
                                 
Financial liabilities
                               
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss:
                               
- Put option (ii)
    -       -       111,349       111,349  
 
There were no transfers between levels 1 and 2 during the year.
 
Financial instruments in level 3 -
 
i)
The fair value of the investment held in Transportadora de Gas del Perú S.A. (TGP) classified as available-for-sale financial asset was based on observable inputs in the market and unobservable inputs. The Group calculated its fair value based on its discounted cash flows as of the financial statement date. The information used to determine the fair value of this investment corresponds to Level 3 (Note 9).
 
The following table shows the changes in fair value by the investment held in Transportadora de Gas del Perú S.A. (TGP) for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2015:
 
 
 
2014
   
2015
 
             
Opening balance
    88,333       93,144  
Gains recognised in the period
    4,811       26,990  
Closing balance
    93,144       120,134  
 
ii)
The fair value of the liability for put option was determined on the basis of the discounted cash flows (EBITDA) over a period of three years. The discount rate is a risk-free rate available to comparable market participants (FED rates). The information used to determine the fair value of this put option corresponds to Level 3 (Note 21).
 
 
- 33 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
The following table shows the changes in fair value generated from the put option liability for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2015:
 
 
 
2014
   
2015
 
             
Opening balance
    -       113,829  
Additions
    113,829          
Gains recognised in the period
    -       (2,480 )
Closing balance
    113,829       111,349  
 
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents correspond to their fair values. The Company considers that the carrying amount of trade accounts receivable and payable is similar to their fair values. The fair value of financial liabilities, disclosed in Note 18-c) and Note 19, has been estimated by discounting the future contractual cash flows at the interest rate currently prevailing in the market and which is available to the Company for similar financial instruments (Level 2).

4
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGMENTS

Estimates and judgments used are continuously evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.
 
4.1
Critical accounting estimates and assumptions
 
The Company makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are addressed below.
 
a)
Estimated impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite useful life -
 
Impairment reviews are undertaken annually to determine if goodwill arising from business acquisitions and other intangible assets with indefinite useful life have suffered any impairment, in accordance with the policy described in Note 2.15-a). For this purpose, goodwill is attributed to the different CGUs to which it relates while other intangible assets with indefinite useful life are assessed individually. The recoverable amounts of the CGUs and of other intangible assets with indefinite useful life have been determined based on the higher of their value-in-use and fair value less costs to sale. This evaluation requires the exercise of Management’s professional judgment to analyze any potential indicators of impairment as well as the use of estimates in determining the value in use, including the preparation of future cash flows, macro-economic forecasts as well as defining the interest rate at which said cash flows will be discounted.

If the Group experiences a significant drop in revenues or a drastic increase in costs or changes in other factors the fair value of business units might decrease. If management determines the factors that reduce the fair value of the business are permanent, those economic factors will be taken into consideration to determine the recoverable amount of the business units and, therefore, goodwill as well as other intangible assets with indefinite useful life may be deemed to be impaired, which may cause their write-down to be necessary.

Based on the impairment tests performed by Group Management, no goodwill nor intangible (trademarks) impairment losses were required to be recognized because the recoverable amount of the CGUs subject to testing was substantially higher than their related carrying amounts.

The most significant assumptions are revenue, gross margin, growth rate and discount rate which are included in Note 17.
 
 
- 34 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
At December 31, 2015 and 2014 the Group has performed a sensitivity analysis increasing or decreasing those assumptions by a 10%, with all the other variables held constant, as follows:
 
 
 
Difference between recoverble amount and carrying amounts
 
Goodwill
 
2015
   
2014
 
                         
Gross margin:
    -10 %     +10 %     -10 %     +10 %
Mining construction services
    68.69 %)     184.39 %     37.86 %)     151.26 %)
Engineering and construction
    (17.96 %)     30.43 %     22.72 %)     70.93 %)
Electromechanical
    159.40 %)     240.58 %     38.42 %)     105.92 %)
IT equipment and services
    92.38 %)     98.22 %     (2.63 %)     30.12 %)
Telecommunication services
    205.49 %)     619.81 %     156.17 %)     280.58 %)
                                 
Discount rate:
    -10 %     +10 %     -10 %     +10 %
Mining construction services
    116.77 %)     136.90 %     123.73 %)     64.31 %)
Engineering and construction
    (8.77 %)     26.15 %     68.06 %)     30.29 %)
Electromechanical
    234.27 %)     172.83 %     95.54 %)     48.78 %)
IT equipment and services
    132.94 %)     98.22 %     1.14 %)     25.88 %)
Telecommunication services
    468.23 %)     367.15 %     231.18 %)     199.01 %)
                                 
Trademarks
                               
Revenue:
    -10 %     +10 %     -10 %     +10 %
Morelco
    46.23 %)     78.73 %     -       -  
VyV-DSD
    32.87 %)     47.60 %     19.19 %     29.12 %)
                                 
Discount rate:
    -10 %     +10 %     -10 %     +10 %
Morelco
    89.07 %)     42.12 %     -       -  
VyV-DSD
    61.96 %)     23.43 %     27.16 %     8.97 %)
 
As a result of the sensitivity analysis fair value of goodwill and trademarks was found to be never below their related carrying amounts; and therefore, they are not impaired.

b)
Income taxes -
 
Determination of the tax obligations and expenses requires interpretations of the applicable tax laws and regulations. The Company seeks legal tax counsel’s advice before making any decision on tax matters. Although Management considers its estimates to be prudent and appropriate, differences of interpretation may arise with Tax Authorities (mainly Peruvian, Chilean and Colombian Authorities) which may require future tax adjustments.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated by taking the temporary differences of the tax basis of assets and liabilities and the financial statement basis using the tax rates in effect for each of the years in which the difference is expected to reverse. Any change in tax rates will affect the deferred tax assets and liabilities. This change will be recognized in income in the period the change takes effect.

Deferred income tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences and tax loss carryforwards can be utilized. For this purpose, the Group takes into consideration all available positive and negative evidence, including factors such as historical data, projected income, current operations and tax planning strategies. A tax benefit related to a tax position is only recognized if it is more likely than not that the benefit will ultimately be realized.
 
The maximum exposure of the Group related to tax contingencies amounts to S/37.9 million.
 
 
- 35 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
c)
Percentage of completion revenue recognition -
 
Revenue from construction contracts is recognized under the percentage-of-completion method which requires the final margin from construction contracts to be estimated. Projections of these margins are performed by Management based on work execution budgets and adjusted periodically based on updated information reflecting the actual performance of work.  In this regard, Management considers that the estimates made at the year-end closing are reasonable. When unapproved change orders occur, revenue is recognized equal to costs incurred (no profit component recognized) until the additional work is approved.

Contract revenue is recognized as revenue in the income statement in the accounting periods in which the work is performed. Contract costs are recognized as cost of sales in the income statement in the accounting period in which the work to which they relate is performed. However, any expected and probable excess of total contract costs over total contract revenue for the contract is expensed immediately. Furthermore, any changes in contract estimates are recognized as a change in accounting estimates and recognized in the period the change is made and in future periods as applicable. In certain construction contracts, the terms of these agreements allow for an amount to be withheld by the customers until construction has been completed. Under these contracts the full amount may not be recognized until the next operating cycle. As of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, a sensitivity analysis was performed considering a 10% increase/decrease in the Group’s gross margins, as follows:
 
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
                   
Sales
    3,820,393       4,749,159       5,513,655  
Gross profit
    465,973       412,771       203,652  
%
    12.20       8.69       3.69  
Plus 10%
    13.42       9.56       4.06  
Increase in pre-tax profit
    46,597       41,249       20,198  
      512,570       454,020       223,850  
                         
Less 10%
    10.98       7.82       3.32  
Decrease in pre-tax profit
    (46,597 )     (41,249 )     (20,198 )
      419,376       371,522       183,454  
 
d)
Provision for well closure costs -
 
The Group estimates the present value of its future obligation for well closure costs, or well closure liability, and increases the carrying amount of the asset that will be withdrawn in the future and that is shown under the heading of intangibles in the statement of financial position. The discount pre-tax rate used for the present value calculation was 2.09% based on the 7 year bond rate as of December, 2015 (2.17% based on the 10 year bond rate as of December, 2014).

At December 31, 2015 the present value of the estimated provision for closure activities for 78 wells amounted to S/7.3 million (S/7.2 million as of December 31, 2014 for closure activities for 78 wells). The well closure liability is adjusted to reflect the changes that resulted from the passage of time and from reviews of either the date of occurrence or the amount of the present value of the obligations originally estimated (Note 17).

If, at December 31, 2015 and 2014, the estimated rate would have increased or decreased by 10%, with all variables held constant, the impact on pre-tax profit would have not been significant.

During 2015, the Company recorded a provision amounting to S/0.1 million to reflect the estimated obligation to close productive wells included in the service agreements for Blocks I and V (S/2.7 million in 2014).  The provision for blocks III and IV at December 31, 2015 is nil because at year - end 2015 there is no available information regarding well numbers requiring to be closed.
 
 
- 36 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
4.2
Critical judgments in applying the entity’s accounting policies
 
Consolidation of entities in which the Group holds less than 50% -

The Company owns some direct and indirect subsidiaries of which the Group has control even though it has less than 50% of the voting rights. These subsidiaries mainly comprise indirect subsidiaries in the real-estate business owned through Viva GyM S.A., where even though the Group holds interest between 30% and 50%, has the power to affect the relevant activities that impact the subsidiaries’ returns. Additionally, the Group owns de facto control of Promotora Larcomar S.A. on which owns 46.55% of equity interest considering the fact that the ownership of the 53.45% is disperse.

5
INTERESTS IN OTHER ENTITIES

The consolidated financial statements of the Group include the accounts of the Company and of its subsidiaries. Additionally, the consolidated financial statements of the Group include its interest in joint operations in which the Company or certain subsidiaries have joint control with their joint operations partners (Note 2.2-d).
 
a)
Principal subsidiaries -
 
The following chart shows the principal direct and indirect subsidiaries allocated by operating segment (Note 6):
 
Name
 
Country
 
Economic activity
         
Engineering and Construction:
       
         
GyM S.A.
 
Peru and
Dominican Republic
 
Civil construction, electro-mechanic assembly, buildings, management and implementing
housing development projects and other related services.
         
Stracon GyM S.A.
 
Peru and
Panama
 
Mining contracting activities, providing mining services and carrying out drilling,
demolition and any other activity related to construction and electromechanics;
services in the power sector, as well as mining operations.
         
GyM Chile S.p.A.
 
Chile
 
Electromechanical assemblies and services to energy, oil, gas and mining sector.
         
V y V - DSD S.A. (*)
 
Chile
 
Electromechanical assemblies and services.
       
Develop activities related to the construction of engineering projects, civil construction
projects and electromechanical assemblies, as well as architectural design and
installations in general. Construction and electromechanical assemblies and services in
the areas of energy, oil and gas and mining.
         
GMI S.A.
 
Peru
 
Advisory and consultancy services in engineering, carrying out studies and projects,
managing projects and supervision of works.
         
Morelco S.A.S
 
Colombia and
Ecuador
 
Providing construction and assembly services, supplying equipment and material to
design, build, assemble, operate and maintain all types of mechanical engineering,
instrumentation and civil work.
 
 
- 37 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Name
 
Country
 
Economic activity
         
Infrastructure:
       
         
GMP S.A.
 
Peru
 
Concession of services for  treating and selling oil, natural gas and by-products as well
as for storing and dispatching fuel extracted from demonstrated feasible fields.
         
Oiltanking Andina
Services S.A.
 
Peru
 
Operation of the gas processing plant of Pisco – Camisea.
 
       
Transportadora de Gas
Natural Comprimido Andino
S.A.C.
 
Peru
 
Concession for constructing, operating and maintaining the supply
system of compressed natural gas in certain provinces of Peru.
 
       
GyM Ferrovías S.A.
 
Peru
 
Concession for operating the Lima Metro transportation system.
         
Survial S.A.
 
Peru
 
Concession for constructing, operating and maintaining the Section 1 of the
“Southern Inter-oceanic” road.
         
Norvial S.A.
 
Peru
 
Concession for restoring, operating and maintaining the “Ancón - Huacho - Pativilca”
section of the Panamericana Norte road.
         
Concesión Canchaque S.A.
  Peru   Concession for operating and maintaining the Buenos Aires - Canchaque road.
         
Concesionaria Vía
Expresa Sur S.A.
 
Peru
 
Concession for designing, constructing, operating and maintaining the Via Expresa -
Paseo de la República in Lima.
 
       
Real estate:
       
         
VIVA GyM S.A.
 
Peru
 
Developing and managing real estate projects directly or together with other partners.
         
Technical services:
       
         
GMD S.A.
 
Peru
 
Information technology services.
         
Gestión de Servicios
Digitales S.A.
 
Peru
 
Information technology services.
         
CAM Holding S.p,A.
 
Chile,
Brazil and
Colombia
 
Electric and technological services for the power industry.
       
 
Concar S.A.
 
Peru
 
Operating and maintaining roads under concession.
         
Coasin Instalaciones Ltda.
  Chile  
Installing and maintaining network and equipment for telecommunications.
         
Parent company operation:
       
         
Generadora Arabesco S.A.
  Peru   Implementing projects related to electric power-generating activities.
         
Larcomar S.A.
 
Peru
 
Exploiting land right to use the Larcomar Shopping Center.
         
Promotora Larcomar S.A.
  Peru  
Building a hotel complex on a plot of land located in the district of Miraflores.
 
 
- 38 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Name
 
Country
 
Economic activity
         
Promotores Asociados de
Inmobiliarias S.A.
 
Peru
 
Operating in the real-estate industry and engaged in the development and selling office
facilities in Peru.
 
     
 
Negocios del Gas S.A.
 
Peru
 
Construction, operation and maintenance of the pipeline system to transport natural gas
and liquids of natural gas.
 
(*)
The subsidiaries Ingeniería y Construcción, Vial y Vives S.A., DSD Construcciones y Montajes S.A. and GyM Minería S.A. (all from Chile) merged and combined in July 2014, The merged entity’s name is V y V – DSD S.A.
 
The following are the Group’s subsidiaries and related interests at December 31, 2015:
 
                     
Percentage of
 
   
Percentage of
   
Percentage of
   
Percentage of
   
ordinary shares
 
   
ordinary shares
   
ordinary shares
   
ordinary shares
   
held by non-
 
   
directly held by
   
held by
   
held by
   
controlling
 
   
Parent (%)
   
Subsidiaries (%)
   
the Group (%)
   
interests (%)
 
                         
Engineering and Construction:
                       
GyM S.A.
    98.23 %     -       98.23 %     1.77 %
- GyM S.A. subsidiarias
    -       82.49 %     82.49 %     17.51 %
Stracon GyM S.A.
    -       87.59 %     87.59 %     12.41 %
GyM  Chile SpA
    -       99.99 %     99.99 %     0.01 %
V y V – DSD S.A.
    -       80.79 %     80.79 %     19.21 %
GMI S.A.
    89.41 %     -       89.41 %     10.59 %
Morelco  S.A.S.
    -       70.00 %     70.00 %     30.00 %
                                 
Infrastructure:
                               
GMP S.A.
    95.00 %     -       95.00 %     5.00 %
Oiltanking Andina Services S.A.
    -       50.00 %     50.00 %     50.00 %
Transportadora de Gas Natural Comprimido
                               
Andino S.A.C
    -       99.93 %     99.93 %     0.07 %
GyM Ferrovias S.A.
    75.00 %     -       75.00 %     25.00 %
Survial S.A.
    99.99 %     -       99.99 %     0.01 %
Norvial S.A.
    67.00 %     -       67.00 %     33.00 %
Concesión Canchaque S.A.
    99.96 %     -       99.96 %     0.04 %
Concesionaria Vía Expresa Sur S.A.
    99.98 %     -       99.98 %     0.02 %
                                 
Real Estate:
                               
Viva GyM S.A.
    60.62 %     38.97 %     99.59 %     0.41 %
- Viva GyM S.A. subsidiarias
    -       53.81 %     53.81 %     46.19 %
                                 
Services:
                               
GMD S.A.
    89.37 %     -       89.37 %     10.63 %
Cam Holding S.p.A.
    100.00 %     -       100.00 %     -  
Concar S.A.
    99.81 %     -       99.81 %     0.19 %
Gestión de Servicios Digitales S.A.
    -       100.00 %     100.00 %     -  
Coasin Instalaciones Ltda.
    -       100.00 %     100.00 %     -  
CAM Servicios Perú
    73.16 %     -       73.16 %     26.84 %
                                 
Parent company operations:
                               
Generadora Arabesco S.A.
    99.00 %     -       99.00 %     1.00 %
Larcomar S.A.
    79.66 %     -       79.66 %     20.34 %
Promotora Larcomar S.A.
    46.55 %     -       46.55 %     53.45 %
Promotores Asociados de
                               
Inmobiliarias S.A.
    99.99 %     -       99.99 %     0.01 %
Negocios del Gas S.A.
    99.99 %     -       99.99 %     0.01 %
Agenera S.A.
    99.00 %     -       99.00 %     1.00 %
GYM Colombia S.A.
    66.20 %     33.80     100.00 %     -  
 
On November 17, 2015, Cam Holding S.p.A. sold 100% of its shares in Cam Brasil Multiservicos S.A., for US$300 thousands (S/1 million); as a result, a loss of S/8.3 million was recorded, which is shown in the statement of income, within “Profit /(loss) from sale of investments” (a cash balance of S/0.98 million was presented net of the cash received for the sale of this investment, in the cash flow statement).
 
 
- 39 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
In September 2015 the Company formed a subsidiary called Negocios del Gas S.A. with a capital contribution of US$118 million (S/392 million) for the purpose of providing services in the energy industry (note 15.a-i)

The following are the Group’s subsidiaries and related interests at December 31, 2014:
 
                         
                     
Percentage of
 
   
Percentage of
   
Percentage of
   
Percentage of
   
ordinary shares
 
   
ordinary shares
   
ordinary shares
   
ordinary shares
   
held by non-
 
   
directly held by
   
held by
   
held by
   
controlling
 
   
Parent (%)
   
Subsidiaries (%)
   
the Group (%)
   
interests (%)
 
                         
Engineering and Construction:
                       
GyM S.A.
    98.23 %     -       98.23 %     1.77 %
- GyM S.A. subsidiarias
    -       84.04 %     84.04 %     15.96 %
Stracon GyM S.A.
    -       87.64 %     87.64 %     12.36 %
GyM  Chile SpA
    -       99.99 %     99.99 %     0.01 %
V y V – DSD S.A.
    -       82.04 %     82.04 %     17.96 %
GMI S.A.
    89.41 %     -       89.41 %     10.59 %
Morelco  S.A.S.
    -       70.00 %     70.00 %     30.00 %
                                 
Infrastructure:
                               
GMP S.A.
    95.00 %     -       95.00 %     5.00 %
Oiltanking Andina Services S.A.
    -       50.00 %     50.00 %     50.00 %
Transportadora de Gas Natural Comprimido
                               
Andino S.A.C
    -       99.93 %     99.93 %     0.07 %
GyM Ferrovias S.A.
    75.00 %     -       75.00 %     25.00 %
Survial S.A.
    99.99 %     -       99.99 %     0.01 %
Norvial S.A.
    67.00 %     -       67.00 %     33.00 %
Concesión Canchaque S.A.
    99.96 %     -       99.96 %     0.04 %
Concesionaria Vía Expresa Sur S.A.
    99.98 %     -       99.98 %     0.02 %
                                 
Real Estate:
                               
Viva GyM S.A.
    60.62 %     38.97 %     99.59 %     0.41 %
- Viva GyM S.A. subsidiarias
    -       54.88 %     54.88 %     45.12 %
                                 
Services:
                               
GMD S.A.
    89.15 %     -       89.15 %     10.85 %
Cam Holding S.p.A.
    100.00 %     -       100.00 %     -  
Concar S.A.
    99.74 %     -       99.74 %     0.26 %
Gestión de Servicios Digitales S.A.
    -       100.00 %     100.00 %     -  
Coasin Instalaciones Ltda.
    -       100.00 %     100.00 %     -  
                                 
Parent company operations:
                               
Generadora Arabesco S.A.
    99.00 %     -       99.00 %     1.00 %
Larcomar S.A.
    79.66 %     -       79.66 %     20.34 %
Promotora Larcomar S.A.
    42.80 %     -       42.80 %     57.20 %
Promotores Asociados de Inmobiliarias S.A.
    99.99 %     -       99.99 %     0.01 %
Agenera S.A.
    99.00 %     -       99.00 %     1.00 %
GYM Colombia S.A.
   
100.00
%     -       100.00 %     - %
 
In December 2014, the Group through its subsidiary GyM S.A. acquired control over Morelco S.A.S. for a consideration amounting to US$87.5 million (equivalent to S/258.6 million).

In March 2014, the Group through its subsidiary CAM Chile S.A. acquired control of Coasin Instalaciones Ltda. (hereinafter Coasin) for a consideration amounting to US$2.1 million (equivalent to S/6.4 million).

In August 2013, the Group, through some of its subsidiaries (GyM Minería S.A., Ingeniería y Construcción Vial y Vives S.A. and GyM Chile S.p A.), acquired the control of DSD Construcciones y Montajes S.A. for a construction of US$37.2 million (equivalent to S/103.9 million).

The details of these transactions and their resulting accounting impact are disclosed in Note 32.
 
 
- 40 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
All investments in subsidiaries have been included in the consolidation. The percentage of voting rights in those subsidiaries is directly held by Parent Company and do not significantly differ from the percentage of shares held. There are no restriction to the access to and use of the Group’s assets and liabilities.

The following are the Group’s subsidiaries and related non-controlling interests at December 31:
 
 
 
2014
   
2015
 
             
Viva GyM S.A. and subsidiaries
    191,826       214,260  
Viva GyM S.A.
    8,414       1,481  
GyM S.A. and subsidiaries
    141,446       148,198  
GyM S.A.
    18,953       12,329  
Norvial S.A.
    41,820       52,993  
CAM Holding S.p.A.
    24,137       27,652  
GMP S.A.
    18,204       21,110  
GyM Ferrovias S.A.
    19,878       26,043  
Promotora Larcomar S.A.
    9,697       13,609  
Others
    8,155       10,814  
      482,530       528,489  
 
Summarized financial information of subsidiaries with material non-controlling interests
 
Set out below is the summarized financial information for each subsidiary that has non-controlling interests that are material to the Group.

Summarized statement of financial position
 
 
 
Viva GYM S.A.
   
GyM S.A.
   
Norvial S.A.
 
   
At December 31,
   
At December 31,
   
At December 31,
 
   
2014
   
2015
   
2014
   
2015
   
2014
   
2015
 
Current:
                                   
Assets
    760,815       1,109,270       2,611,130       3,140,222       6,092       43,513  
Current liabilities, net
    (266,576 )     (555,148 )     (2,443,061 )     (2,809,890 )     (109,134 )     (79,634 )
      494,239       554,122       168,069       330,332       (103,042 )     (36,121 )
Non-current:
                                               
Assets
    117,352       91,677       1,232,781       1,144,066       230,401       377,392  
Liabilities
    (138,880 )     (159,583 )     (445,242 )     (628,670 )     (633 )     (180,686 )
Total non-current net assets
                                               
(liabilities), net
    (21,528 )     (67,906 )     787,539       515,396       229,768       196,706  
Net assets
    472,711       486,216       955,608       845,728       126,726       160,585  
 
Summarized statement of income (P&L)
 
 
 
Viva GYM S.A.
   
GyM S.A.
   
Norvial S.A.
 
   
At December 31,
   
At December 31,
   
At December 31,
 
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
                                                       
Revenue
    313,731       224,560       215,764       3,904,101       4,861,362       5,672,856       92,252       178,170       246,231  
                                                                         
Pre-tax profit
    80,467       37,967       36,985       350,687       239,597       (41,874 )     40,341       41,998       54,470  
Income tax
    (21,427 )     (11,452 )     (7,649 )     (105,674 )     (54,657 )     (23,395 )     (10,245 )     (10,908 )     (13,611 )
Post-tax profit
    59,040 )     26,515       29,336       245,013       184,940       (65,269 )     30,096       31,090       40,859  
Other comprehensive
                                                                       
Income
    -       (25 )     -       (1,240 )     (26,199 )     (45,370 )     -       -       -  
Total comprehensive
                                                                       
income
    59,040       26,490       29,336       243,773       158,741       (110,639 )     30,096       31,090       40.859  
 
 
- 41 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Summarized statement of cash flows
 
 
 
Viva GYM S.A.
   
GyM S.A.
   
Norvial S.A.
 
   
At December 31,
   
At December 31,
   
At December 31,
 
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
                                                       
Cash flows from operating
                                                     
activities (used), net
    (52,174 )     9,916       (68,360 )     49,708       147,249       (301,676 )     37,192       (30,858 )     (111,423 )
Cash flows from investing
                                                                       
activities (used), net
    (4,854 )     (39,351 )     23,865       (122,020 )     (208,314 )     8,496       (96 )     (32 )     -  
Cash flows from financing
                                                                       
activities (used), net
    27,050       40,677       64,686       (86,237 )     79,432       176,984       (30,917 )     17,262       144,199  
Increase (decrease) in cash
                                                                       
And cash equivalents, net
    (29,978 )     11,242       20,191       (158,549 )     18,367       (115,101 )     6,179       (13,628 )     32,776  
Cash and cash equivalents
                                                                       
and overdrafts at the
                                                                       
beginning of the year
    73,004       43,026       54,268       422,901       264,353       282,721       12,949       19,128       5,500  
Cash and cash equivalents
                                                                       
at the end of the year
    43,026       54,268       74,459       264,352       282,720       167,620       19,128       5,500       38,276  
 
The information above is the amount before inter-company eliminations.
 
b)
Public services concessions -
 
The Group acts as concessionaire in various public services concessions. When applicable, revenue attributable to the construction or restoration of infrastructure has been accounted for by applying the models set forth in Note 2.5 (financial asset, intangible asset and bifurcated model). The concessions of the Group are described as follows:
 
 
- 42 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Name of
         
Returnable
     
Ordinary
 
Concession
 
Accounting
concession
 
Description
 
Investment
 
assets
 
Consideration
 
shares held
 
termination
 
model
                             
Survial S.A.
 
The Company operates and maintains
 
US$98.9 million
 
Infraestructure is returned
 
Transaction secured by
 
99.9%
 
2032
 
Financial asset
   
a 750 km road from the San Juan de
     
to the grantor at the end of
 
the Peruvian Government
           
   
Marcona port to Urcos, Peru, which is
     
concession agreement
 
involving from annual
           
   
connected to an interoceanic road.
         
payments for the
           
   
The road has five toll stations and
         
maintenance and operation
           
   
three weigh stations.
         
of the road, which is in
           
               
charge of the Peruvian
           
               
Ministry of Transport and
           
               
Communications (MTC).
           
                             
Canchaque S.A.C.
 
Under the Canchaque concession,
 
US$26.1 million
 
Infraestructure is returned
 
Transaction secured by
 
99.96%
 
2021
 
Financial asset
   
the Company operates and periodically
     
to the grantor at the end of
 
the Peruvian Government
           
   
maintains a 78 km road from the towns of
     
concession agreement
 
regardless the traffic
           
   
Buenos Aires to Canchaque, in Peru
         
volume.
           
   
The road has one toll station.
         
Revenue is secured by
           
               
an annual minimum
           
               
amount of US$0.3 million.
           
                             
La Chira S.A.
 
Designing, financing, constructing,
 
S/250 million
 
Infraestructure is returned
 
Transaction secured by
 
50.00%
 
2036
 
Financial asset
   
operating and maintening project
 
(estimated)
 
to the grantor at the end of
 
the Peruvian Government
           
   
called “Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas
     
concession agreement
 
consisting of annual payment settled by  
Sedapal S.A.
           
   
Residuales y Emisario Submarino La Chira”.
         
 
           
   
The Project will treat approximately 25%
         
 
           
   
of waste waters in Lima.
                       
                             
GyM Ferrovías S.A.
 
Concession for the operation of Line 1
 
S/548.8 million
 
Infraestructure is returned
 
Transaction secured by
 
75.00%
 
2041
 
Financial asset
   
of the Lima Metro, Peru’s only urban
     
to the grantor at the end of
 
the Peruvian Government
           
   
railway system.
     
concession agreement
 
involving a quarterly
         
 
   
The obligations under the contract include
         
payment received from
MTC based on km travelled per train
           
   
(i) the operation and maintenance of the
         
 
           
   
five existing trains, (ii) the operation and
         
.
           
   
maintenance and the acquisition of 19
                       
   
trains on behalf of the Peruvian
                       
 
 
government and (iii) the design and
                       
 
 
construction of the railway maintenance
                       
 
 
and repair yard.
                       
                             
Transportadora de
 
Concession to design, finance, build,
 
US$14.4 million
 
Infraestructure is returned
 
Transaction secured by
 
99.93%
 
2023
 
Financial asset
Gas Natural
 
maintain and operate the system supply
 
(estimated)
 
to the grantor at the end of
 
the Peruvian Government
     
With option
   
Comprimido Andino
 
of compressed natural gas in Jauja,
     
concession agreement
 
involving a monthly
     
of extension
   
S.A.C.
 
Huancayo, Huancavelica, Huamanga,
         
remuneration corresponding
     
to 20
   
   
Huanta, Andahuaylas, Abancay,
         
to investment, maintenance
     
additional
   
   
Cusco, Juliaca and Puno.
         
and operation costs.
     
years
   
 
 
- 43 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Name of
         
Returnable
     
Ordinary
 
Concession
 
Accounting
concession
 
Description
 
Investment
 
assets
 
Consideration
 
shares held
 
termination
 
model
                             
Norvial S.A.
 
The Company operates and maintains
 
US$152 million
 
Infrastructure is returned
 
From users (self-financed
 
67.00%
 
2028
 
Intangible
   
part of the only highway that connects
 
(estimated)
 
to the grantor at the end of
 
concession; revenue is
           
   
Lima to the northwest of Peru.
     
concession agreement
 
derived from collection of
           
   
This 183 km road known as Red Vial 5
         
tolls).
           
   
runs from the cities of Ancón to Pativilca
                       
   
and has three toll stations.
                       
                             
Vía Expresa Sur S.A.
 
The Company obtained the concession
 
US$196.8 million
 
Infraestructure is returned
 
Contract give the right
 
99.98%
 
2053
 
Bifurcated
   
for designing, financing, building,
 
(estimated)
 
to the grantor at the end of
 
of collection from users; however
           
   
operating and maintaining the
     
concession agreement
 
the Peruvian government
           
   
infrastructure associated with the Vía
         
shall pay the difference
           
   
Expresa Sur Project.
         
when the operating
           
   
This project involves the second stage
         
revenue obtained
           
   
expansion of the Via Expresa - Paseo
         
is below US$18 million
           
   
de la República,between Av. República
       
 
during the first two years
           
   
de Panamá and and Panamericana
         
and below US$19.7 million
           
   
highway.
         
from the third year to the
           
               
fifteenth year of the effective
           
               
period of the financing,
           
               
with a ceiling of US$10
           
               
million.
           
 
 
- 44 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
c)
Principal Joint Operations -
 
As of December 31, 2015, the Group participated in 65 Joint Operations in association with third parties (47 at December 31, 2014). The following table contains the principal Joint Operations in which the Group takes part:
 
   
Percentage of interest
 
Joint Operations
 
2014
   
2015
 
             
Graña y Montero S.A.A.
           
- Concesionaria la Chira S.A.
    50.00 %     50.00 %
                 
GyM S.A.
               
- Consorcio Constructor Alto Cayma
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio Rio Pallca – Huanza
    40.00 %     40.00 %
- Consorcio Alto Cayma
    49.00 %     49.00 %
- Consorcio Vial Ayacucho
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio Lima Actividades Comerciales
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio GyM – COSAPI
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio Atocongo
    40.00 %     40.00 %
- Consorcio Norte Pachacutec
    49.00 %     49.00 %
- Consorcio La Chira
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio Río Urubamba
    50.00 %     60.00 %
- Consorcio Vial Quinua
    46.00 %     46.00 %
- Consorcio Rio Mantaro
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio GyM – CONCIVILES
    66.70 %     66.70 %
- Consorcio Toromocho
    55.00 %     55.00 %
- Consorcio Construcciones y Montajes CCN
    25.00 %     25.00 %
- Consorcio CGB
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio HV GyM
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio Stracon Motta Engil JV
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio Huacho Pativilca
    67.00 %     67.00 %
- Consorcio Constructor Chavimochic
    26.50 %     26.50 %
- Consorcio Constructor Ductos del Sur
    -       29.00 %
- Consorcio Italo Peruano
    -       48.00 %
- Consorcio Incolur
    -       50.00 %
- Consorcio Menegua
    -       50.00 %
- Consorcio Energía y Vapor
    -       50.00 %
                 
GMP S.A.
               
- Consorcio Terminales
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Terminales del Perú
    50.00 %     50.00 %
                 
CONCAR S.A.
               
- Consorcio Ancón-Pativilca
    50.10 %     67.00 %
- Consorcio Peruano de Conservación
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio Manperán
    -       67.00 %
 
 
- 45 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
 
 
Percentage of interest
 
Joint Operations
 
2014
   
2015
 
             
GMD S.A.
           
- Consorcio Cosapi-Data – GMD S.A.
    70.00 %     70.00 %
- Consorcio The Louis Berger Group Inc. - GMD
    66.45 %     66.45 %
- Consorcio Procesos digitales
    43.65 %     43.65 %
- Consorcio GMD S.A. – Indra S.A.
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio Fábrica de Software
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio Gestión de Procesos Electorales (ONPE)
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio Lima Actividades Sur
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio Latino de Actividades Comerciales de
               
  Clientes Especiales
    -       50.00 %
- Consorcio Latino de Actividades Comerciales
    -       75.00 %
- Consorcio Gestión de Procesos Junta de Gobernadores
    -       45.00 %
- Consorcio Soluciones Digitales
    -       38.00 %
- Consorcio de Gestión de Información
    -       56.00 %
                 
Viva GyM S.A.
               
- Consorcio Panorama
    -       35.00 %
                 
Cam Holding S.p.A.
               
- Consorcio Mecam
    50.00 %     50.00 %
- Consorcio Seringel
    50.00 %     50.00 %
 
All of the joint arrangements listed above operate in Peru, Chile and Colombia.

The description of the main activities of the joint arrangements is as follows:
 
Joint arrangements in
 
Economic activity
     
Graña y Montero S.A.A.
 
Construction, operation and maintenance of La Chira waste water treatment plant in the south of Lima. The project is aimed to solve Lima’s environmental problems caused by sewage discharged directly into the sea.
     
GyM S.A.
 
The activities of the joint operations in each of the divisions are:
     
 
 
Civil works division: construction in general in the energy, mining, infrastructure, industry.
     
 
 
Electromechanical Division: assembly, installation and supply of materials and / or electromechanical equipment and laying of transmission lines.
     
 
 
Building division: building houses, offices and commercial premises.
     
 
 
Services division: mining services.
     
GMP S.A.
 
Consorcio Terminales and Terminales del Peru provide services for reception, storing, shipping and transportation for liquid hydrocarbons, such as gasoline, jet fuel, diesel fuel and residual among others.
 
 
- 46 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Joint arrangements in
 
Economic activity
     
CONCAR S.A.
 
Joint operations Concar provides rehabilitation service, routine and periodic maintenance of the road, further provides conservation services and supervision.
     
GMD S.A.
 
Outsourcing service of online BPO processes (Business Process Outsourcing).
     
Viva GyM S.A.
 
Construction of a five-star hotel with a convention center, a business center and entertainment center.
     
CAM Holding S.p.A.
 
Execution of outsourcing services to the electric power sector.
 
The Group’s consolidated financial statements do not include any other type of entities in addition to those mentioned above, such as trust funds or special purpose entities.

6
SEGMENT REPORTING

Operating segments are reported consistently with the internal reports that are reviewed by the Group’ chief decision-maker; that is, the Executive Committee, which is led by the Corporate General Manager.  This Committee is the chief operating decision maker, responsible for allocating resources and evaluating the performance of each operating segment.

The Group's operating segments are assessed by the activity of the following business units: (i) engineering and construction, (ii) infrastructure, (iii) real estate and (iv) technical services.

As set forth under IFRS 8, reportable segments by significance of income are: ‘engineering and construction’ and ‘technical services’.  However, the Group has voluntarily decided to report on all its operating segments as detailed in this Note.

The revenues derived from foreign operations (Chile, Brazil, Panama, Dominican Republic, Colombia, Bolivia and Guyana) comprise 27.1% of the Group’s total revenue in 2015 (19.9% in 2014 and 10.9% in 2013).

Inter-segmental sales transactions are carried out at arm’s length.  Revenues from external customers reported to the Corporate General Management are measured in a manner consistent with the preparation basis of the financial statements.

Group sales and receivables are not concentrated in a few customers.

The following segments set forth the principal activities of the Group:
 
a)
Engineering and construction: This segment includes: (i) engineering, from traditional engineering services such as structural, civil and design engineering, and architectural planning to advanced specialties including process design, simulation, and environmental services; (ii) civil works, such as the construction of hydroelectric power stations and other large infrastructure facilities; (iii) electro mechanic construction, such as concentrator plants, oil and natural gas pipelines, and transmission lines; (iv) building construction, such as office buildings, residential buildings, hotels, affordable housing projects, shopping centers and industrial facilities; (v) contract mining, such as earthworks, blasting, loading and hauling ore.
 
b)
Infrastructure: The Group has long-term concessions or similar contractual arrangements in Peru for three toll roads, the Lima Metro, a waste water treatment plant in Lima, multiple fuel storage facilities, four producing oil fields, and a gas processing plant.
 
 
- 47 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
c)
Real Estate: The Group develops and sells homes targeted to low and middle-income population sectors which are experiencing a significant increase in disposable income, as well as, to a lesser extent, office and commercial space.
 
d)
Technical Services: The Group provides: (i) operation and maintenance services for infrastructure assets; (ii) information technology (IT) services, including IT outsourcing, systems integration, application outsourcing and business process outsourcing services; and (iii) electricity networks services (maintenance) in telecommunications.
 
e)
Parent Company Operation corresponds to the services which the Holding company provides, managing, logistics and accounting services, among others, to the different related entities of the Group.
 
Below are shown the financial statements of the Group according to its operating segments:
 
 
- 48 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Operating segments financial position
                                                           
                                                             
Segment reporting
                                                           
                                                             
   
Engineering
   
Infrastructure
                                 
Parent
             
   
and construction
   
Energy
   
Toll roads
   
Mass transit
   
Water treatment
   
Real estate
   
Technical services
   
Company Operations
   
Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
As of December 31, 2014
                                                           
Assets.-
                                                           
Cash and cash equivalents
    285,367       54,085       53,312       51,522       8,407       54,268       134,678       176,763       -       818,402  
Financial asset at fair value through profit or loss
    5,601       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       5,601  
Trade accounts receivables
    581,150       35,201       46,598       71,817       -       57,584       292,160       34       -       1,084,544  
Unbilled work in progress
    1,145,412       1,414       -       -       14,972       -       -       -       -       1,161,798  
Accounts receivable from related parties
    121,989       6,723       -       216       -       6,561       65,242       371,765       (473,435 )     99,061  
Other accounts receivable
    389,805       10,781       9,042       29,515       3,154       11,409       63,797       66,414       1,058       584,975  
Inventories
    126,293       7,921       -       13,909       -       630,758       55,601       486       (1,398 )     833,570  
Prepaid expenses
    11,483       891       822       6,056       407       235       5,120       1,424       -       26,438  
Non-current assets classified as held for sale
    9,513       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       9,513  
Total current assets
    2,676,613       117,016       109,774       173,035       26,940       760,815       616,598       616,886       (473,775 )     4,623,902  
                                                                                 
Long-term trade accounts receivable
    -       -       -       579,956       -       -       -       -       -       579,956  
Long-term unbilled work in progress
    -       25,387       10,584       -       -       -       -       -       -       35,971  
Long-term accounts receivable from related parties
    -       -       408       -       -       -       433       182,548       (183,389 )     -  
Prepaid expenses
    -       -       2,416       7,062       -       -       -       -       -       9,478  
Other long-term accounts receivable
    6,192       4,449       11,776       4,131       1,587       9,705       4,496       2,217       -       44,553  
Available-for-sale financial assets
    -       1,058       -       -       -       -       2       93,144       (1,060 )     93,144  
Investments in associates and joint ventures
    161,938       7,316       -       -       -       62,863       10,059       1,729,640       (1,742,253 )     229,563  
Investment property
    -       -       -       -       -       36,244       -       -       -       36,244  
Property, plant and equipment
    651,165       193,183       2,036       14,270       -       7,344       166,322       119,483       (6,785 )     1,147,018  
Intangible assets
    323,231       146,477       234,923       6,247       1,100       1,187       33,508       17,417       14,653       778,743  
Deferred income tax asset
    107,469       714       4,604       244       -       9       37,557       926       586       152,109  
Total non-current assets
    1,249,995       378,584       266,747       611,910       2,687       117,352       252,377       2,145,375       (1,918,248 )     3,106,779  
Total assets
    3,926,608       495,600       376,521       784,945       29,627       878,167       868,975       2,762,261       (2,392,023 )     7,730,681  
                                                                                 
Liabilities.-
                                                                               
Borrowings
    629,584       69,577       95,902       404,915       -       144,314       80,531       632       -       1,425,455  
Trade accounts payable
    938,774       27,148       3,250       12,385       159       31,690       155,714       8,461       -       1,177,581  
Accounts payable to related parties
    89,445       1,061       55,679       278,819       24,552       24,106       82,203       12,421       (485,259 )     83,027  
Current income tax
    71,287       5,493       249       32       138       1,150       11,259       6       -       89,614  
Other accounts payable
    771,127       18,518       26,076       2,308       -       65,316       101,973       22,425       -       1,007,743  
Provisions
    -       8,414       -       -       -       -       3,027       -       -       11,441  
Total current liabilities
    2,500,217       130,211       181,156       698,459       24,849       266,576       434,707       43,945       (485,259 )     3,794,861  
                                                                                 
Borrowings
    144,081       99,767       633       -       -       16,368       63,070       2,205       -       326,124  
Long-term trade accounts payable
    -       -       1,622       2,157       -       -       -       -       -       3,779  
Other long-term accounts payable
    201,227       349       495       4,820       -       4,679       69,201       880       -       281,651  
Long-term accounts payable to related parties
    -       -       -       -       -       109,126       62,522       -       (171,648 )     -  
Provisions
    34,148       5,774       -       -       -       -       14,252       -       -       54,174  
Derivative financial instruments
    -       2,999       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       2,999  
Deferred income tax liability
    65,787       1,331       -       -       325       8,707       7,021       10,215       -       93,386  
Total non-current liabilities
    445,243       110,220       2,750       6,977       325       138,880       216,066       13,300       (171,648 )     762,113  
Total liabilities
    2,945,460       240,431       183,906       705,436       25,174       405,456       650,773       57,245       (656,907 )     4,556,974  
Equity attributable to controlling interest in the Company
    817,751       236,925       150,788       59,633       4,453       157,276       128,428       2,695,401       (1,559,478 )     2,691,177  
Non-controlling interest
    163,397       18,244       41,827       19,876       -       315,435       89,774       9,615       (175,638 )     482,530  
Total liabilities and equity
    3,926,608       495,600       376,521       784,945       29,627       878,167       868,975       2,762,261       (2,392,023 )     7,730,681  
 
 
- 49 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Operating segments financial position
                                                           
                                                             
Segment reporting
                                                           
                                                             
   
Engineering
   
Infrastructure
                                 
Parent
             
   
and construction
   
Energy
   
Toll roads
   
Mass
transit
   
Water treatment
   
Real
estate
   
Technical services
   
Company Operations
   
Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
As of December 31, 2015
                                                           
Assets.-
                                                           
Cash and cash equivalents
    172,116       42,638       58,640       111,454       9,094       74,459       60,193       25,408       -       554,002  
Financial asset at fair value through profit or loss
    3,153       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       3,153  
Trade accounts receivables
    614,917       43,260       22,045       63,516       -       59,108       247,945       -       -       1,050,791  
Unbilled work in progress
    1,301,501       -       -       -       17,686       -       -       -       -       1,319,187  
Accounts receivable from related parties
    316,188       12,145       18,820       301       -       34,724       48,520       132,735       (283,280 )     280,153  
Other accounts receivable
    599,127       25,857       5,699       25,668       10,250       20,535       102,204       35,249       -       824,589  
Inventories
    159,557       10,025       -       13,678       -       920,092       61,734       389       (6,321 )     1,159,154  
Prepaid expenses
    12,899       2,207       1,401       10,787       458       349       11,402       520       -       40,023  
Non-current assets classified as held for sale
    22,511       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       22,511  
Total current assets
    3,201,969       136,132       106,605       225,404       37,488       1,109,267       531,998       194,301       (289,601 )     5,253,563  
                                                                                 
Long-term trade accounts receivable
    -       -       -       621,831       -       -       -       -       -       621,831  
Long-term unbilled work in progress
    -       40,727       19,027       -       -       -       -       -       -       59,754  
Long-term accounts receivable from related parties
    -       -       408       -       -       -       500       256,022       (256,930 )     -  
Prepaid expenses
    -       3,692       15,584       2,112       998       -       -       -       -       22,386  
Other long-term accounts receivable
    534       14,214       30,473       2,198       1,589       14,726       -       2,195       -       65,929  
Available-for-sale financial assets
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       120,134       -       120,134  
Investments in associates and joint ventures
    122,717       8,265       -       -       -       28,732       9,228       2,582,913       (2,104,971 )     646,884  
Investment property
    -       -       -       -       -       34,702       -       -       -       34,702  
Property, plant and equipment
    606,158       198,774       1,624       217       -       11,303       170,660       130,113       (7,092 )     1,111,757  
Intangible assets
    302,992       137,130       364,819       311       -       1,043       37,564       23,561       13,600       881,020  
Deferred income tax asset
    126,550       1,325       3,003       -       -       1,171       39,825       656       1,321       173,851  
Total non-current assets
    1,158,951       404,127       434,938       626,669       2,587       91,677       257,777       3,115,594       (2,354,072 )     3,738,248  
Total assets
    4,360,920       540,259       541,543       852,073       40,075       1,200,944       789,775       3,309,895       (2,643,673 )     8,991,811  
                                                                                 
Liabilities.-
                                                                               
Borrowings
    652,974       101,096       55,428       -       -       224,380       91,366       102,776       -       1,228,020  
Bonds
    -       -       5,537       31,546       -       -       -       -       -       37,083  
Trade accounts payable
    1,409,982       35,428       3,768       24,498       154       14,334       134,973       12,623       -       1,635,760  
Accounts payable to related parties
    118,381       3,990       40,578       9,962       10,560       58,790       39,476       79,709       (283,616 )     77,830  
Current income tax
    19,337       -       753       -       166       26       13,750       84       -       34,116  
Other accounts payable
    645,648       20,340       2,841       1,682       -       257,616       125,020       12,853       -       1,066,000  
Provisions
    -       6,341       -       -       -       -       7,127       -       -       13,468  
Total current liabilities
    2,846,322       167,195       108,905       67,688       10,880       555,146       411,712       208,045       (283,616 )     4,092,277  
                                                                                 
Borrowings
    375,952       83,307       -       -       -       27,562       66,515       -       -       553,336  
Long-term bonds
    -       -       180,686       576,322       -       -       -       -       -       757,008  
Long-term trade accounts payable      -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -        -  
Other long-term accounts payable
    176,644       -       493       -       -       -       68,045       1,214       -       246,396  
Long-term accounts payable to related parties
    -       -       -       94,172       24,035       120,083       38,332       -       (256,486 )     20,136  
Provisions
    24,624       7,034       -       -       -       -       3,960       -       -       35,618  
Derivative financial instruments
    -       2,331       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       2,331  
Deferred income tax liability
    52,016       4,250       107       9,723       270       11,937       3,164       20,197       -       101,664  
Total non-current liabilities
    629,236       96,922       181,286       680,217       24,305       159,582       180,016       21,411       (256,486 )     1,716,489  
Total liabilities
    3,475,558       264,117       290,191       747,905       35,185       714,728       591,728       229,456       (540,102 )     5,808,766  
Equity attributable to controlling interest in the Company
    720,722       255,032       198,345       78,127       4,890       158,605       162,550       3,067,987       (1,991,702 )     2,654,556  
Non-controlling interest
    164,640       21,110       53,007       26,041       -       327,611       35,497       12,452       (111,869 )     528,489  
Total liabilities and equity
    4,360,920       540,259       541,543       852,073       40,075       1,200,944       789,775       3,309,895       (2,643,673 )     8,991,811  
 
 
- 50 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Operating segment performance
                                                           
                                                             
Segment Reporting
                                                           
                                                             
   
Engineering
   
Infrastructure
                                 
Parent
             
   
and
construction
   
Energy
   
Toll roads
   
Mass
transit
   
Water
treatment
   
Real
estate
   
Technical
services
   
Company
operations
   
Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
                                                             
Year 2013 -
                                                           
                                                             
Revenue
    4,075,255       321,097       195,861       118,541       45,489       313,731       1,169,115       51,525       (323,114 )     5,967,500  
Gross profit
    559,544       97,495       66,455       19,670       3,179       113,732       179,175       (4,031 )     (31,097 )     1,004,122  
Administrative expenses
    (217,927 )     (16,170 )     (6,600 )     (8,025 )     (212 )     (20,993 )     (132,486 )     (8,616 )     49,237       (361,792 )
Other income and expenses
    10,762       (3,561 )     (35 )     758       (2 )     (1,749 )     24,669       (2,689 )     (2,851 )     25,302  
Gains from the sale of investments
    -       -       -       -       -       3,197       -       2,525       -       5,722  
Profit before interests
                                                                               
and taxes
    352,379       77,764       59,820       12,403       2,965       94,187       71,358       (12,811 )     15,289       673,354  
Financial expenses
    (49,349 )     (14,264 )     (7,416 )     (40,012 )     (44 )     (14,639 )     (17,881 )     (21,615 )     12,418       (152,802 )
Financial income
    22,714       33       3,006       14,035       14       855       2,028       35,680       (38,012 )     40,353  
Share of the profit or loss
                                                                               
in associates and joint ventures
under the equity
                                                                               
method of accounting
    41,971       1,587       -       -       -       64       1,070       318,705       (329,835 )     33,562  
Profit before income tax
    367,715       65,120       55,410       (13,574 )     2,935       80,467       56,575       319,959       (340,140 )     594,467  
Income tax
    (111,240 )     (20,066 )     (14,971 )     477       (881 )     (21,427 )     (16,655 )     (781 )     3,221       (182,323 )
Net profit for the period
    256,475       45,054       40,439       (13,097 )     2,054       59,040       39,920       319,178       (336,919 )     412,144  
                                                                                 
Profit attributable to:
                                                                               
                                                                                 
Owners of the Company
    211,594       41,635       26,077       (9,823 )     2,054       19,154       34,296       319,275       (324,246 )     320,016  
Non-controlling interest
    44,881       3,419       14,362       (3,274 )     -       39,886       5,624       (97 )     (12,673 )     92,128  
Net profit for the period
    256,475       45,054       40,439       (13,097 )     2,054       59,040       39,920       319,178       (336,919 )     412,144  
 
 
- 51 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Operating segment performance
                                                           
                                                             
Segment Reporting
                                                           
                                                             
   
Engineering
   
Infrastructure
                                 
Parent
             
   
and
construction
   
Energy
   
Toll roads
   
Mass
transit
   
Water
treatment
   
Real
estate
   
Technical
services
   
Company
operations
   
Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
                                                             
Year 2014 -
                                                           
                                                             
Revenue
    5,035,674       350,339       338,153       166,951       29,323       224,560       1,208,168       53,241       (397,729 )     7,008,680  
Gross profit
    535,360       124,455       76,697       42,109       2,307       62,413       142,342       (7,574 )     (26,541 )     951,568  
Administrative expenses
    (258,554 )     (17,256 )     (8,035 )     (14,714 )     (317 )     (21,058 )     (122,506 )     (35,444 )     56,517       (421,367 )
Other income and expenses
    (9,796 )     (3,359 )     33       18       -       (852 )     5,856       22,063       1,173       15,136  
Operating profit
    267,010       103,840       68,695       27,413       1,990       40,503       25,692       (20,955 )     31,149       545,337  
Financial expenses
    (69,046 )     (11,564 )     (11,321 )     (5,245 )     (55 )     (14,807 )     (27,393 )     (1,725 )     38,340       (102,816 )
Financial income
    6,623       120       1,819       727       16       93       1,821       59,893       (59,650 )     11,462  
Share of the profit or loss
                                                                               
in associates and joint ventures
under the equity
                                                                               
method of accounting
    48,242       29       -       -       -       12,178       590       270,045       (277,639 )     53,445  
Profit before income tax
    252,829       92,425       59,193       22,895       1,951       37,967       710       307,258       (267,800 )     507,428  
Income tax
    (59,252 )     (29,768 )     (16,158 )     (10,842 )     (588 )     (11,452 )     (5,788 )     (12,582 )     234       (146,196 )
Profit for the year
    193,577       62,657       43,035       12,053       1,363       26,515       (5,078 )     294,676       (267,566 )     361,232  
                                                                                 
Profit attributable to:
                                                                               
                                                                                 
Owners of the Company
    164,095       59,010       32,774       9,040       1,363       9,527       (5,342 )     294,948       (265,672 )     299,743  
Non-controlling interest
    29,482       3,647       10,261       3,013       -       16,988       264       (272 )     (1,894 )     61,489  
      193,577       62,657       43,035       12,053       1,363       26,515       (5,078 )     294,676       (267,566 )     361,232  
 
 
- 52 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Operating segment performance
                                                           
                                                             
Segment Reporting
                                                           
                                                             
   
Engineering
   
Infrastructure
                                 
Parent
             
   
and
construction
   
Energy
   
Toll roads
   
Mass
transit
   
Water
treatment
   
Real
estate
   
Technical
services
   
Company
operations
   
Eliminations
   
Consolidated
 
                                                             
Year 2015 -
                                                           
                                                             
Revenue
    5,841,559       389,377       394,462       211,279       27,994       215,764       1,152,544       70,531       (471,077 )     7,832,433  
Gross profit
    357,274       63,530       78,544       48,804       2,225       51,755       178,303       (7,004 )     (70,626 )     702,805  
Administrative expenses
    (289,144 )     (18,214 )     (10,319 )     (10,529 )     (310 )     (20,521 )     (115,018 )     (29,882 )     80,557       (413,380 )
Other income and expenses
    30,616       1,365       55       2       -       1,759       15,348       11,114       (2,972 )     57,287  
Loss from the sale of investments
    -       -       -       -       -       -       (8,289 )     -       -       (8,289 )
Operating profit
    98,746       46,681       68,280       38,277       1,915       32,993       70,344       (25,772 )     6,959       338,423  
Financial expenses
    (127,383 )     (19,953 )     (4,713 )     (5,303 )     (45 )     (11,642 )     (32,246 )     (2,818 )     27,301       (176,802 )
Financial income
    8,875       158       8,722       2,316       121       746       2,145       56,101       (41,077 )     38,107  
Share of the profit or loss
                                                                               
in associates and joint ventures
under the equity
                                                                               
method of accounting
    (2,234 )     944       -       -       -       14,888       589       76,226       (72,810 )     17,603  
Profit before income tax
    (21,996 )     27,830       72,289       35,290       1,991       36,985       40,832       103,737       (79,627 )     217,331  
Income tax
    (29,441 )     (7,650 )     (18,794 )     (10,630 )     (520 )     (7,649 )     6,102       (9,208 )     2,171       (75,619 )
Profit for the year
    (51,437 )     20,180       53,495       24,660       1,471       29,336       46,934       94,529       (77,456 )     141,712  
                                                                                 
Profit attributable to:
                                                                               
                                                                                 
Owners of the Company
    (64,379 )     17,072       40,010       18,495       1,471       12,377       40,322       95,271       (72,485 )     88,154  
Non-controlling interest
    12,942       3,108       13,485       6,165       -       16,959       6,612       (742 )     (4,971 )     53,558  
      (51,437 )     20,180       53,495       24,660       1,471       29,336       46,934       94,529       (77,456 )     141,712  
 
 
- 53 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Segments by geographical area
 
   
2013
   
2014
    2015  
                   
Revenue:
                 
- Peru
    5,072,251       5,611,844       5,707,098  
- Chile
    631,883       1,011,822       944,198  
- Colombia
    112,573       125,929       778,333  
- Panama
    76,394       139,666       206,137  
- Guyana
    -       49,525       111,924  
- Brazil
    74,399       68,045       39,253  
- Bolivia
    -       1,849       45,490  
      5,967,500       7,008,680       7,832,433  
                         
Non-current assets:
                       
- Peru
            2,461,288       3,268,907  
- Chile
            359,686       320,094  
- Colombia
            272,543       124,820  
- Guyana
            2,974       8,800  
- Brazil
            8,398       -  
- Bolivia
            1,890       15,043  
- Panama
            -       584  
              3,106,779       3,738,248  
 
7
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
 
7.1
Financial instruments by category -
 
The classification of financial assets and liabilities per category is as follows:
 
 
 
At December 31,
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
Assets according to the statement of financial position
           
Loans and accounts receivable:
           
- Cash and cash equivalents
    818,402       554,002  
- Trade and other accounts receivable
               
   not including advances to suppliers
    1,206,057       1,291,133  
- Unbilled work in progress
    1,197,769       1,378,941  
- Financial assets related to concession agreements
    698,371       707,392  
- Accounts receivable from related parties
    99,061       280,153  
      4,019,660       4,211,621  
                 
Available-for-sale financial asset (Note 9)
    93,144       120,134  
                 
Financial asset at fair value through profit and loss
    5,601       3,153  
 
Financial assets related to concession agreements are recorded in the statement of financial position within the line items of other short-term accounts receivable and other long-term accounts receivable.
 
 
- 54 -

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
   
At December 31,
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Liabilities according to the statement of financial position
           
Other financial liabilities at amortized cost
           
- Other financial liabilities
    1,419,428       1,480,071  
- Finance leases
    332,151       301,285  
- Bonds
    -       794,091  
- Trade and other accounts payable
               
   (excluding non-financial liabilities)
    1,434,377       1,967,268  
- Accounts payable to related parties
    83,027       97,966  
      3,268,983       4,640,681  
Hedging derivatives:
               
- Derivative financial instruments
    2,999       2,331  
 
7.2
Credit quality of financial assets -
 
The credit quality of financial assets that are neither past due nor impaired can be assessed by reference to external risk ratings (if available) or to historical information about counterparty default rates.

The credit quality of financial assets is presented as follows:
 
   
At December 31,
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Cash and cash equivalents (*)
           
Banco de Crédito del Perú (A+)
    451,956       237,870  
Citibank (A)
    677       82,471  
Banco de la Nación (A)
    56,028       64,456  
Banco Continental (A+)
    76,408       43,074  
Banco Scotiabank (A+)
    11,611       38,345  
Banco Santander - Perú (A)
    183       21,660  
Banco Interbank (A)
    64,962       17,145  
Banco Santander - Chile (AAA)
    40,577       7,181  
Scotiabank Chile (AAA)
    -       6,758  
Banco de Crédito e Inversiones - Chile (AA+)
    10,597       6,331  
Banco Scotiabank de Guyana (A)
    -       5,462  
Banco Bogotá (A)
    67,959       4,124  
Larrain Vial de Chile (A)
    -       3,368  
Banco de Chile (AAA)
    5,328       1,523  
Banco Continental Chile (A)
    7,396       -  
ITAU - Chile (AA)
    7,391       -  
Others
    6,932       5,064  
      808,005       544,832  
 
The ratings in the above table “A and A+” represent high quality credit ratings. For banks located in Peru, the ratings were derived from risk rating agencies authorized by the Peruvian banking and insurance regulator “Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP” (SBS). For banks located in Chile, the ratings were derived from risk rating agencies authorized by the Chilean stock and insurance regulator “Superintendencia de Valores y Seguros” (SVS).
 
(*)
The difference between the balances shown above with the balances shown in the statement of financial position corresponds to cash on hand and in-transit remittances (Note 8).
 
 
- 55 -

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
The credit quality of customers is assessed in three categories (internal classification):
 
A:
new customers/related parties (less than 6 months),
B:
existing customers/related parties (with more than 6 months of trade relationship) with no previous default history; and
C:
existing customers/related parties (with more than 6 months of trade relationship) with previous default history.
 
  2014       2015  
Trade accounts receivable (Note 10 and Note 11)
           
Counterparties with no external risk rating
           
             
A 36,187       540,573  
B 2,700,295       2,168,513  
C 125,787       342,477  
  2,862,269       3,051,563  
Receivable from related parties (Note 12)
           
B 99,061       280,153  
 
The total number of accounts is in compliance with contract terms and conditions, none of them have been re-negotiated.

With respect to available-for-sale financial assets, the counterparty held an external credit rating of AAA at December 31, 2014 and 2015.

8
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

This account comprises:
 
   
At December 31,
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Cash on hand
    8,411       6,116  
Checking accounts
    530,246       411,695  
Time deposits (a)
    259,035       123,033  
In-transit remittances
    1,986       3,054  
Mutual funds
    18,724       10,104  
      818,402       554,002  
 
(a)
At December 31, 2015, this balance mostly comprises short-term deposits for GyM S.A., ViVa GyM S.A., GyM Ferrovías S.A. and Concar S.A. for S/36.7 million, S/33.0 million, S/23.0 million, and S/11.1 million, respectively. Interest rates range between 0.10% and 4.70% (GMH, GyM S.A., GyM Ferrovías S.A. and ViVa GyM S.A. for S/168 million, S/29 million, S/29 million and S/18 million, respectively with interest rates range between 0.10% and 3.97% at December 31,2014).

 
-56-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
9
OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS

This account comprises the investment held by the Company, directly and indirectly, in Transportadora de Gas del Perú S.A. (TGP), a Peruvian entity engaged in providing gas transportation services.

At December 31, 2015, the fair value of the Group’s interest in TGP equals S/120.1 million based on the discounted cash flow method (S/93.1 million at December 31, 2014). The information used in the calculation is as follows:
 
-
Discounted cash flows from operating activities of TGP net of cash flows from investment activities (CAPEX).
-
Cash flows were estimated for a 30 year term.
-
The discount rate used is 7.5% corresponding to estimated TGP’s WACC (8.1% at December 31,2014)
-
The interest of the Company in TGP is 1.64% at December 31, 2015 and 2014.
 
The fluctuation in the fair value of this investment in 2015 amounts to S/19.9 million (S/4.6 million in 2014) net of its income tax effect amounting to S/7 million (S/1.3 million in 2014), plus the adjustment for changes in income tax rate (see note 29-b) amounting to S/1.1 million, which has been recognized in the statement of other comprehensive income.

The most significant assumptions are the discount rate and cash flows affected by the U.S. Wholesale Price Index; the Group has performed a sensitivity analysis on this assumptions: if the discount rate was adjusted down by 5% the fair value would be 7.4% lower and if the discount rate was adjusted up by 5% the fair value would be 7.1% higher; if the cash flows were adjusted down by 5% the fair value would be 9.1% lower and if the cash flows were adjusted up by 5% the fair value would be 8.8% higher.

10
TRADE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

This account comprises:
 
   
At December 31
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Invoices receivable
    1,397,084       1,548,669  
Collection rights
    277,547       140,087  
      1,674,631       1,688,756  
Impairment of receivables
    (10,131 )     (16,134 )
      1,664,500       1,672,622  
Less: non-current portion
               
Invoices receivable
    (529,201 )     (610,695 )
Collection rights
    (50,755 )     (11,136 )
Total non-current
    (579,956 )     (621,831 )
Total current
    1,084,544       1,050,791  
 
Invoices receivable are related to estimated percentages of completion approved by clients.

The fair value of current receivables is similar to their carrying amount since their average collection turnover is less than 60 days. These current receivables do not bear interest and have no specific guarantees.

The non-current portion of the trade accounts receivable is related to GyM Ferrovías S.A.

 
-57-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Collection rights as of December 31, 2015 mainly comprises GyM Ferrovías S.A.,GMD S.A., GMI S.A. and Survial for S/65 million, S/37 million, S/22 million and S/16 million respectively (GyM Ferrovías S.A., CAM Holding S.A, GMD S.A., GMI S.A., Concar S.A., Viva GyM S.A. and Canchaque for S/116 million, S/51 million, S/31 million, S/37 million, S/35 million, S/6 million and S/2 million respectively in 2014).

The collection rights that arise from GyM Ferrovías S.A., a concession signed with the Peruvian Government comprising Line 1 of the Lima Metro (train line), by which this entity has to acquire, on the Government’s behalf, certain infrastructure needed for the implementation of the transport system that will be operated by the GyM Ferrovías S.A once completed (Note 5-b). This account will be amortized through the cash flows determined at the inception of the concession under the "price per kilometer traveled" method (PKT).

Collection rights from Survial S.A. consists of the PAMO provision, specifically the last instalment for the current year (October – December) set forth under the Concession Agreement; which is billed and actually cashed the month following the end of the quarter. At the reporting date, the October – December installment has already been invoiced.

For this purpose, the subsidiary has applied certain criteria to determine the amount of the interest to be accrued on the outstanding balances and the beginning of the collection of the amounts pending. These balances bear interest at a 7.7% rate and their collection began in 2014 jointly with the beginning of operation.

Aging of trade accounts receivable is as follows:
 
   
At December 31
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Current
    1,410,199       1,250,086  
Past due up to 30 days
    174,633       256,743  
Past due over 30 days
    89,799       181,927  
      1,674,631       1,688,756  
 
At December 31, 2015, trade accounts receivable totaling S/438.7 million (S/264.4 million in 2014) are past due but not impaired. The related customers do not have a historical record of default.

The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date is the carrying amount of the accounts receivable and of unbilled work in progress (note 11).

11
UNBILLED WORK IN PROGRESS

This account comprises:
 
   
At December 31
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Unbilled rights receivable
    966,924       1,163,473  
Deferred costs of work in progress
    230,845       215,468  
      1,197,769       1,378,941  
Less: non-current portion
               
Unbilled rights receivable
    (25,387 )     (40,727 )
Deferred costs of work in progress
    (10,584 )     (19,027 )
Total non-current
    (35,971 )     (59,754 )
Total current
    1,161,798       1,319,187  
 
 
-58-

 
 
  (All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Rights receivable correspond to the unbilled rights for services rendered by the Engineering and Construction Segment. Each month, under the percentage of completion method, the Company estimates the work completed to date. Based on its monthly estimates, the Company recognizes the corresponding revenue. Until such revenue is billed, it is recorded in the account rights receivable.

At December 31, 2015 and 2014, unbilled work in progress are presented net of advances received from clients for S/42.5 million and S/334 million, respectively the terms of which vary based on each contract. These advances substantially correspond to those received by subsidiary GyM S.A.

At December 31, 2015, advances amounting to S/33 million, correspond to a scheme by mean of which certain customers agree to grant revolving monthly advances which are settled with the amount billed the month following the reception of the advance (S/305 million at December 31, 2014). Other advances received from customers are recognized netting the corresponding receivables and are offset following the pattern of actual services provided. In these cases, if the contract is terminated, the amount received in advance is offset against any receivable balance determined by the work in progress at termination date.

Deferred costs of work in progress include all those expenditures incurred by the Group that relate to future activities to be performed under current construction contracts. At December 31, 2015, the balance mainly comprises costs incurred in the following projects: Kellar, Costa Norte, Proyecto Nuis, Menegua, Poliductos, Red de Gas de Contugas, Servicio Carretera Quinua San Francisco Tranch 2 and Incolur for S/38.4 million, S/34.1 million, S/28.8 million, S/27.3 million, S/21.8 million, S/17.3 million, S/7.6 million and S/1.8 million, respectively (concentrating Plant Cerro Verde, Las Bambas, Machu Picchu, Servicios Cerro del Águila and Chile Spa for S/53.8 million, S/32.9 million, S/31.4 million, S/22.3 million and S/12.7 million, respectively at December 31, 2014).

Other smaller projects for which certain cost amounting to S/6.8 million have been deferred are: CH Santa Teresa 90MW, Cerro Verde 2 Concentrating Plant Phase 1 and improvement and expansion of INEN (S/52 million for Red Gas Contugas, Preliminary work Aurora Gold, Pad I FASE III Cerro Verde at December 31, 2014).

The non-current portion mainly comprises the expenditures incurred by Concesionaria Vía Expresa Sur S.A. for S/19.0 million (S/10.5 million at December 31,2014) that related to future activities to be performed under the construction contract (implementation of the 4.6 km extension of Vía Expresa Sur connecting the district of “San Juan de Miraflores”). This Project is expected to be completed in August 2018.

Additionally the non-current portion comprises the expenditures incurred by the subsidiary GMP S.A. for S/40.7 million for work in progress related to Transportadora de Gas Natural Comprimido Andino Concession (S/25.4 million at December 31, 2014). This Concession is in a pre-operative stage.

12
TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES AND JOINT OPERATORS

a)Transactions with related parties -
 
Major transactions between the Company and its related parties are summarized as follows:
 
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
                   
Revenue from sale of goods and services:
                 
- Associates
    4,915       6,040       1,400  
- Joint operations
    67,601       43,897       52,384  
      72,516       49,937       53,784  
 
 
-59-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
    2013     2014     2015  
                   
Expenses from purchase of goods
                 
and services:
                 
- Associates
  5     42     18  
- Joint operations
  6,068     715     489  
    6,073     757     507  
 
Inter-company transactions are based on the price lists in force and terms and conditions that would be agreed with third parties.

b)
Key management compensation -

Key management includes directors (executives and non-executives), members of the Executive Committee and Internal Audit Management. The compensation paid or payable to key management in 2015 amounted to S/111.7 million (S/100.4 million at December 31, 2014).

c)
Balances at the end of the year resulting from the sale/purchase of goods/services -
 
   
At December 31,
   
At December 31,
 
   
2014
         
2015
       
   
Receivable
   
Payable
   
Receivable
   
Payable
 
                         
Joint operations:
                       
Consorcio Constructor Ductos del Sur
    -       -       154,383       -  
Consorcio GyM Conciviles
    48,581       -       57,679       -  
Consorcio Rio Urubamba
    5,107       3,796       10,856       2,819  
Consorcio Terminales del Perú
    -       -       9,459       -  
Adexus S.A.
    -       -       8,521       -  
Consorcio Peruano de Conservación
    15,365       -       6,270       -  
Consorcio Rio Mantaro
    -       -       6,021       15,941  
Energía y Vapor
    -       -       3,328       -  
Consorcio Terminales
    6,837       -       3,235       -  
Consorcio La Gloria
    3,805       3,423       3,116       3,077  
Ingeniería y Construcción Sigdo Koppers-Vial
    -       35,302       2,659       3,900  
Consorcio Constructor Chavimochic
    141       2,896       2,558       6,422  
Consorcio Menegua
    -       -       1,910       -  
Constructora incolur DSD Ltda.
    -       -       1,681       -  
Consorcio Lima
    877       -       1,430       -  
Consorcio Norte Pachacutec
    531       1,068       1,026       669  
Consorcio Italo Peruano
    -       -       465       21,907  
Consorcio Constructor Alto Cayma
    1,424       -       387       -  
Consorcio Construcciones y Montajes
    115       1,198       112       2,533  
Bechtel Vial y Vives Servicios Complementarios Ltda.
    96       4,648       84       6,956  
Consorcio Huacho Pativilca
    369       4,555       80       5,041  
Consorcio Tren Electrico
    7,380       -                  
Consorcio Sistemas SEC
    4,349       -       -       -  
Consorcio JV Panamá
    1,043       -       -       -  
Consorcio Ingenieria y Construcción Bechtel
    -       5,140       -       -  
Consorcio EIM ISA
    -       2,955       -       -  
Others
    3,041       3,953       4,893       4,275  
      99,061       68,934       280,153       73,540  
Other related parties:
                               
Ferrovias Argentina
    -       14,093       -       20,136  
Arturo Serna
    -       -       -       4,290  
      -       14,093       -       24,426  
      99,061       83,027       280,153       97,966  
Less non-current portion:
                               
Ferrovias Argentina
    -       -       -       (20,136 )
Current portion
    99,061       83,027       280,153       77,830  
 
 
-60-

 
 
  (All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Receivables and payables are mainly of current maturity and do not have specific guarantees. Accounts receivable from related parties have maturity periods of 60 days and arise from sale of goods and services. These balances are non-interest-bearing due to their short-term maturities and are not impaired.

Accounts payable to related parties have maturity periods of 60 days and arise from engineering, construction, maintenance and other services received. These balances are not interest bearing due to their short-term maturities.

Transactions with non-controlling interest are disclosed in Note 35.

13
OTHER ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

This account comprises:
 
   
At December 31,
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Advances to suppliers (a)
    162,544       170,126  
Fiscal credit (b)
    95,891       146,785  
Income tax on-account payments (c)
    90,088       165,705  
Guarantee deposits (d)
    103,086       115,573  
Loans to third parties
    11,904       83,657  
Taxes receivable (e)
    5,938       42,404  
Temporary tax on net assets
    19,223       20,051  
Claims to SUNAT (pre-paid taxes)
    14,572       19,544  
Rental and sale of equipment
    11,336       9,919  
Guarantee deposits
    9,938       9,696  
Petróleos del Perú S.A.- Petroperú S.A.
    2,518       8,891  
Receivables from personnel
    11,886       8,168  
Claims to third parties
    20,571       17,846  
Advances pending liquidation
    1,788       3,478  
Account receivable from sale of investments
    23,822       -  
Legal deposits
    4,170       -  
Other
    40,253       68,675  
      629,528       890,518  
Less non-current portion:
               
Fiscal credit (b)
    (35,926 )     (55,663 )
Petróleos del Perú S.A.- Petroperú S.A.
    -       (7,948 )
Advances to suppliers (a)
    (4,131 )     (2,200 )
Legal deposits
    (4,170 )     -  
Other
    (326 )     (118 )
      (44,553 )     (65,929 )
Current portion
    584,975       824,589  
 
Other receivables do not have past due nor impaired. Other non-current accounts receivable have maturities between 2 and 5 years. Company’s Management estimates that the fiscal credit will be applied against the credit balance of the corresponding tax over the medium term.

The fair value of the short-term receivables approximates to the carrying amount due to its short-term maturity. Non-current portion is not significant for the financial statements for any period shown.

Maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date is the carrying amount of each class of other receivables mentioned. The Group does not require guarantees.
 
 
-61-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
The following contains a description of major accounts receivable:

(a)
Advances to suppliers -

Mainly corresponds to advances amounting approximately to S/143 million (S/146.5 million in 2014) granted mainly by the subsidiary GyM S.A. to import the equipment of the projects, detailed as follows:
 
    At December 31,  
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Consorcio Río Mantaro
    81,153       76,417  
Antucoya - Vial Vives
    4,042       11,433  
Alsthom Transporte
    6,928       11,141  
Real state projects
    -       10,925  
Costa Norte
    -       7,670  
Gaseoducto del Sur
    -       6,017  
Panorama Plaza Negocios
    17,270       5,864  
OFP Administración Central
    2,087       4,232  
Centro de producción América TV.
            3,754  
Consorcio Bionergy
    -       2,363  
Poliducto de Occidente
    2,980       2,031  
Stracon GyM projects
    2,771       1,912  
ICHMA
    -       1,825  
Consorcio constructor Chavimochic
    1,368       1,781  
Servicios Codensa
    -       1,730  
30K Project - Fase I - Morelco
    -       1,461  
ABB AB Importaciones
    1,353       1,223  
Serv. ICAP
    -       1,116  
Oficinas Rivera Navarrete
    2,179       137  
EPC Planta Minera Inmaculada
    9,387       107  
ABB Inc.
    3,487       -  
Harvin Electric
    2,007       -  
Centro Empresarial Leuro
    1,651       298  
Consorcio Peruano de Conservación
    1,350       317  
Nuevo Campus Universitario UTEC
    1,104       -  
Projects for minor amounts
    21,427       16,372  
      162,544       170,126  
 
(b)
Fiscal credit -

Mainly corresponds to the subsidiaries GyM S.A., Viva GyM S.A., Norvial S.A., Survial S.A., GyM Ferrovias S.A., La Chira and GMP S.A. for S/41 million, S/22 million, S/15 million, S/14 million, S/13 million, S/12 million and S/3 million, respectively, (Survial S.A., GyM S.A. and GyM Ferrovías S.A., for S/10 million, S/28 million and S/25 million, respectively in 2014). Management considers that this fiscal credit related to value added tax payments will be recovered during the ordinary course of the future operations of these subsidiaries.

 
-62-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
(c)
Income tax on-account payment -

Mainly comprises income tax payments in advance from the subsidiaries GyM S.A., the Company, GMP S.A., CAM Holding S.p.A., Concar S.A. and Viva GyM S.A. for S/95 million, S/16 million, S/12 million, S/8 million, S/5 million and S/4 million, respectively (GyM S.A., la Compañía, CAM Holding S.p.A., Concar S.A. and Viva GyM S.A. for S/41 million, S/30 million, S/11 million, S/5 million and S/4 million, respectively in 2014).

(d)
Guarantee deposits -

Guarantee deposits are the funds retained by customers for work contracts assumed basically by subsidiary GyM S.A. These deposits are retained by the customers in order to have a guarantee that the subsidiary will perform its obligations under the contracts. The amounts retained will be recovered once the work has been completed. Such deposits mainly correspond to the following projects:
 
    At December 31  
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Machupicchu project
    11,495       13,622  
Security deposits (rental)
    2,222       11,310  
Las Acacias 30K-STAP 7
    -       8,813  
Panorama Plaza Negocios
    3,104       6,844  
Serv. ICAP
    -       5,977  
Warranty on sale agreement CAM Brasil
    -       5,689  
Minera Antucoya
    12,279       5,545  
Construcción Planta de Cal Pachachaca
    6,299       5,434  
Samsung Engineering Chile
    -       5,419  
Poliducto de Occidente Medellín
    -       4,999  
Costa Norte Santa Marta
    -       4,751  
La Zanja
    1,818       4,636  
Termosuria Villavicencio
    -       4,309  
Oficina principal
    -       3,868  
Minera Inmaculada
    1,069       3,648  
Oficina Rivera Navarrete 2
    670       2,374  
7005 OPR
    1,000       2,277  
San Pedro del Sur
    2,068       1,255  
Centro Empresarial Leuro
    3,130       756  
Empresa Colombiana de Petróleos S.A.
    38,100       -  
Minera los Pelambres
    5,168       -  
Nuevo Campus Universitario UTEC
    3,735       -  
Metapetroleum Corp
    2,966       -  
Maersk Container Industry San Antonio SPA
    1,562       -  
Other projects
    6,401       14,047  
      103,086       115,573  

(e)
Taxes receivable -

The balance corresponds to the PPUA subject to refund for the Chilean subsidiaries (Note 24).

 
-63-

 
 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
14
INVENTORIES

This account comprises:
 
   
At December 31
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Work in progress - Real estate
    84,683       415,538  
Land
    494,024       361,082  
Construction material
    125,665       160,475  
Finished properties
    51,767       136,621  
Merchandise and supplies
    83,752       87,643  
      839,891       1,161,359  
Impairment of inventories
    (6,321 )     (2,205 )
      833,570       1,159,154  
 
Work in progress - real estate -

At December 31 work in progress - real state comprises the following projects:
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
El Rancho
    -     166,256  
Klimt
    -     67,910  
Los Parques de Comas I
    -     65,433  
Los Parques del Callao
    -     57,672  
2da etapa Proyecto Los Parques de San Martín
    35,103       19,063  
Los Parques de Comas II
    -       11,913  
Villa El Salvador 2
    17,377       9,918  
Real 2
    -       7,497  
Rivera Navarrete
    22,330       -  
Parques de Piura
    9,751       -  
Other minors
    122       9,876  
      84,683       415,538  
 
During 2015, the Company has capitalized financing costs for these construction projects amounting to S/5.4 million at interest rates between 5.3% and 9.5% (S/5.9 million in 2014 at interest rates between 3.12% and 8.5% and S/6 million in 2013 at interest rates between 3.35% and 8.2%).

 
-64-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Land -

At December 31, land comprises properties for the development of the following projects of subsidiary Viva GyM:
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Lurin (a)
    91,000       92,071  
Miraflores (b)
    78,700       79,971  
San Miguel (c)
    67,300       69,859  
Ancón (d)
    -       33,068  
Villa el Salvador (e)
    19,143       19,143  
Nuevo Chimbote
    15,507       15,834  
San Martín de Porres
    12,600       12,978  
Huancayo
    11,210       11,324  
Comas (f)
    61,000       -  
San Isidro (g)
    52,000       -  
Callao (h)
    52,800       -  
Others
    32,764       26,834  
      494,024       361,082  

(a)
Plot of land of 750 hectares located in the district of Lurin, province Lima, for industrial development and public housing.
   
(b)
Plot of land located in Av. El Ejército, Urbanizacion. Santa Cruz, Miraflores, development complex consisting of a 5-star hotel, convention, business, cultural, commercial and residential building center.
   
(c)
Plot of land located in the district San Miguel of 1.4 hectares to develop a traditional mulit-family building of 1,004 apartments in 4 stages.
   
(d)
A 108-hectare land property in which a mega housing-project will be implemented, including appartments ranging from 55 m2 to 75 m2, as well as houses of 75 m2.
   
(e)
A 2.5-hectare land property in which a project will be implemented consisting of 2 condominiums of 18 buildings; each condo with 720 apartments.
   
(f)
Plot of land located in the district of Comas, which will be used to develop the project of approximately 8,000 social housing projects called Los Parques de Comas.
   
(g)
Plot of land located at Av. Pezet 583, San Isidro, development consisting of building with 32 apartments each of more than 300 m2 each.
   
(h)
Plot of land located at Av. Argentina 2430-Callao, for the project of approximately 984 housing in 3 phases called Los Parques del Callao.
 
Lands held since 2014 consists of current projects but construction has not yet begun. The additions in the balance at 2015 primarily reflects the costs of designers, license paperwork and other smaller expenses. Construction related to these projects is expected to begin in September 2016. Land properties located in Comas, San Isidro and Callao have been reclassified to “finished properties” and “work in progress” because these lands entered into the construction phase during the 2015.

 
-65-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Construction materials -

At December 31 construction materials relates to the following projects:
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Gaseoducto del Sur
    -       68,268  
Mina Constancia
    20,382       20,119  
Cerro del Aguila – Kallpa
    13,881       12,846  
Central de equipos
    4,361       6,875  
Planta Concentradora Cerro Verde 2 - 1era fase
    10,604       5,220  
La Zanja
    3,266       3,632  
Carretera Quinua San Franciso tramo 2
    -       3,123  
Shahuindo
    -       2,179  
Chavimochic
    -       2,076  
Construcción de Montaje Electromecánico
    3,373       2,001  
Planta Minera Inmaculada
    24,734       -  
Termoeléctrica Kelar
    3,790       -  
Planta de Cal de Pachachaca
    3,500       -  
Other minors
    37,774       34,136  
      125,665       160,475  
 
Finished properties -

At December 31 the balance of finished properties consists of the following investment properties:
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Panorama
    -       70,951  
Los Parques de San Martín de Porres
    23,579       21,557  
Rivera Navarrete
    -       14,085  
Villa El Salvador 2
    12,899       12,604  
Los Parques de Carabayllo 2da etapa
    -       9,848  
Los Parques de Comas II
    -       4,115  
Parque Central
    5,524       -  
El Sol
    4,432       -  
Otros menores
    5,333       3,461  
      51,767       136,621  
 
At December 31, 2015 borrowings are guaranteed with land and real state work in progress of the followings projects: Ancón, Los Parques de Callao y el Rancho. The amount guaranteed amounts to S/175 million (S/203.5 million in 2014).

15
INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES AND JOINT VENTURES

This account comprises:
 
   
At December 31,
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Associates
    82,494       500,581  
Joint ventures
    147,069       146,303  
      229,563       646,884  
 
 
-66-

 
 
The amounts recognized in the income statement are as follows:
 
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
                   
Associates
    11,104       29,132       32,679  
Joint ventures
    22,458       24,313       2,193  
      33,562       53,445       34,872  
 
a)
Investment in associates

Set out below are the associates of the Group at December 31, 2014 and 2015. The associates listed below have share capital solely consisting of common shares, which are held directly by the Group. None of the associates are listed companies; therefore, there is no quoted market price available for their shares.
 
                          Carrying amount  
    Class     Interest in capital       At December 31,  
Entity   of share     2014       2015       2014       2015  
          %       %                  
                                     
Gasoducto Sur Peruano S.A.
 
Common
    -       20.00       -       447,372  
Asociación en Participación Panorama
                                   
Plaza de Negocios
 
Common
    35.00       -       38,932       -  
Promoción Inmobiliaria del Sur S.A.
 
Common
    22.50       22.50       23,930       28,733  
Concesionaria Chavimochic S.A.C.
 
Common
    26.50       26.50       13,336       17,202  
Betchel Vial y Vives Servicios
                                   
Complementarios Ltda.
 
Common
    40.00       40.00       2,345       6,187  
JV Panama
 
Common
    15.00       -       2,755       -  
Others
                        1,196       1,087  
                          82,494       500,581  
 
The most significant associates are described as follows: 
 
i) Gasoducto Sur Peruano S.A. -

In November 2015 the Group acquired a 20% interest in Gasoducto Sur Peruano S.A. (GSP), an entity which, on July 22, 2014, signed a concession agreement with the Peruvian Government (Grantor) to build, operate and maintain the natural gas pipeline transportation system to satisfy the demand of the Peruvian southern region cities, such as: Quillabamba, Cusco, Puno, Arequipa, Moquegua and Tacna. Under the provisions of the concession agreement, the Grantor guarantee GSP returns on the investment made. The term of the concession is 34 years and GSP’s current activities substantially involve those needed for the constructions of the pipeline transport system. The estimated investment in constructing this infrastructure approximately amounts to US$ 5,900 million. In carrying out major activities for the construction and implementation of the pipeline transportation system, GSP has signed an engineering, procurement and construction contract (EPC) with Consorcio Constructor Ductos del Sur (CCDS). In conjunction with the acquisition of 20% interest in GSP, the Group obtains 29% interest in CCDS through its subsidiary GyM S.A.

This acquisition is part of the Group’s strategy to provide services to the energy sector; also, this acquisition has enabled the Group to increase its backlog volume relating to the engineering and construction segment.

GSP was originally incorporated by two entities, Inversiones en Infraestructura de Transporte de Ductos S.A.C. (IITD) and Enagás. The Group’s acquisition of GSP interest was made as a result of IITD’s assignment to the Group of its preferred subscription right to increase capital in GSP. According to the contract signed in November 2015, the economic impact for the Group from the acquisition of GSP is summarized as follows:

 
-67-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
(a) With respect to GSP acquisition, the Group has made capital contributions of US$131 million (equivalent to S/438 million) which includes premium on the par values of the subscribed shares. It is expected that additional contributions of the Group to GSP’s share capital during the Project’s construction phase amount to US$84 million, which would represent a total investment of the Group in GSP of US$215 million.

(b) The Group has the obligation to assume 20% of the performance bond required under the concession agreement and 20% of the collateral of a bridge loan obtained by GSP for US$600 million, and,

(c) With respect to the assignment of the preferred subscription right by IITD, the Group has the obligation to pay US$2.9 million (equivalent to S/ 9.7) and assumes an obligation with IITD to pay at the end of the first year of commercial operation of the concession, which is expected to begin on year 2018, or on the date the Group decides to sell part or the entirety of the acquired investment, 20% of the difference arising from the fair value of the acquired shares at that date and the expected fair value that those shares would have at the end of the first year of commercial operation, according to a valuation performed in 2014 by an appraiser.

At the acquisition date, the Group allocated the purchase price to the provisional determination of the fair values of the acquired assets and liabilities assumed.
 
ii) Asociación en Participación Panorama Plaza de Negocios -
 
It is through this associate that the Panorama real estate property Project is being developed, comprising the construction and sales of offices and commercial spaces in the district of Santiago de Surco. This Project was initially developed by a third party but in 2014 the Group joined the Project through its subsidiary Viva GyM S.A. and with a capital contribution of S/37.8 million; as a result the Group obtained 35% interest in the Project as well as significant influence in the operating decision-making.

On December 17, 2015 given the interest of both parties to directly and actively take part in the implementation and management of the Project, the decision was made to change its corporate structure, which resulted in the extinction of the associate and the formation of a joint operation that enabled the parties to have control over the joint operation without affecting their share in profits. From that date on, the Group has ceased to apply the equity method of accounting to recognize this investment and is recognizing it as a joint operation.
 
iii) Promoción Inmobiliaria del Sur S.A -

An entity with major asset in the form of land of 24,957,300 m2 located in Lurin, which will be used for real estate developments. Based on recent appraisals of the property, Management believes that the commercial value of this property is higher that its carrying amount.
 
iv Concesionaria Chavimochic S.A.C. -

An entity that was awarded with the implementation of the Chavimochic irrigation Project, including: a) design and construction of the work required for the third-phase of the Chavimochic irrigation project in the province of La Libertad; b) operation and maintenance of works; and c) water supply to the Project users. Construction activities started in 2015; the concession effective period is 25 years and the total entire investment amounts US$647 million.
 
 
-68-

 
 
  (All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
  The following table shows financial information of the principal associates:
 
  Summarized financial information for associates -
 
    Gasoducto Sur     Promoción Inmobiliaria           Asociación en  
    Peruano     del Sur S.A.     Chavimochic S.A.C.     Participación Panorama  
    At December 31,     At December 31,     At December 31,     Plaza de Negocios  
    2015     2014     2015     2014     2015     2014  
                                     
Current
                                   
Cash and cash equivalents
    223,405       48,545       40,704       5,200       18,778       52,748  
Other current assets (excluding cash)
    79,814       25,806       84,183       81,324       152,622       216,296  
Total current assets
    303,219       74,351       124,887       86,524       171,400       269,044  
                                                 
Financial liabilities (excluding trade accounts payables)
    2,209,045       -       -       30,288       105,617       2,385  
Other current liabilities
                                               
(including trade accounts payables)
    1,148,463       34,351       32,072       14,834       5,182       200,590  
Total current liabilities
    3,357,508       34,351       32,072       45,122       110,799       202,975  
                                                 
Non-current
                                               
Assets
    4,943,392       49,365       47,699       8,980       8,608       61,945  
Financial liabilities
    -       -       -       -       -       16,418  
Other liabilities
    7,442       -       13,090       57       2,547       247  
Net assets
    1,881,661       89,365       127,424       50,325       66,662       111,349  
 
                                                   
Asociación en
 
   
Gasoducto Sur
                                           
Participación Panorama
 
   
Peruano
     
Promoción Inmobiliaria del Sur S.A.
     
Chavimochic S.A.C.
     
Plaza de Negocios
 
   
2015
     
2013
     
2014
     
2015
     
2014
     
2015
      2014  
                                                       
Revenue
  3,007,799       44,552       88,870       90,970       67,473       376,124       9  
Depreciation and amortization
  (256 )     (69 )     (73 )     -       (216 )     (371 )     (489 )
Interest income
  -       52       29       54       61       203       10,918  
Interest expenses
  (31,953 )     (2 )     (3 )     ( 25 )     (126 )     (1,426 )     (7,420 )
Profit or loss from continuing
                                                     
operations
  69,191       43,234       82,080       80,372       175       22,995       955  
Income tax
  19,828       (13,365 )     (24,521 )     (25,373 )     57       (6,656 )     654  
Post-tax profit from continuin
                                                     
operations
  49,363       29,971       61,402       65,245       118       16,339       301  
Other comprehensive income
  -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Total comprehensive income
  49,363       29,971       61,402       65,245       118       16,339       301  
 
 
-69-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
The movement of the investments in associates is as follows:
 
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
                   
Opening balance
    24,719       28,209       82,494  
Acquisition through business combinations (Note 31)
    346       -       -  
Acquisition of Gaseoducto Sur Peruano (Note 15 a-i)
    -       -       437,494  
Acquisitions
    -       51,244       -  
Equity interest in results
    11,104       29,132       32,679  
Change in corporate structure of Panorama Project (Note 15 a-ii)
    -       -       (39,180 )
Dividends received
    (2,980 )     (25,191 )     (9,838 )
Sale of investments
    (6,684 )     -       -  
Derecognition of investments
    -       -       (2,755 )
Conversion adjustment
    1,704       (900 )     (313 )
Final balance
    28,209       82,494       500,581  
 
In addition to the GSP acquisition described in note 15 a-i); in 2013, 2014 and 2015 the following significant movements were carried out:
 
-
In March 2014, Constructora Norberto Odebrecht S.A. and Odebrecht Partipacoes e Investimentos S.A. formed Concesionaria Chavimochic S.A.C., in which the Company has 26.5% interest based on a capital contribution of S/13.3 million .
   
-
During 2015 the Group received dividends from Promoción Inmobiliaria del Sur S.A. amounting to 9.8 million (from Promoción Inmobiliaria del Sur S.A., Ingeniería y Construcción Vial y Vives OGP -1 Limitada y Betchel Vial y Vives Servicios Complementarios Ltda. for S/3.4 million , S/16.6 million and S/4.9 million, respectively during 2014).
   
-
The “share of the profit or loss in associates and joint ventures under the equity method” shown in the income statement includes S/17.3 million as expenses that subsidiary GyM S.A. had to pay in 2015 for the execution of the letter of guarantee by lower investment in JV Panama.
 
b) Investment in Joint Ventures -
 
Set out below are the joint ventures of the Group as of December 31, 2014 and 2015.
 
 
-70-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
i) Tecgas N.V.
 
This entity provides services of operations and maintenance of oil pipelines and related activities. Currently, its activities are focused in the service agreement of operations and maintenance of oil pipelines of the concession of Transportadora de Gas del Perú S.A.A. - TGP (its largest customer).

ii) Adexus S.A.

It is mainly engaged in integrating systems and providing specialized solutions and services in IT and communications to the financial telecom, manufacturing, mining, retail and other industries.

iii) Sistemas SEC -

The company’s activities include the renovation and automation of the electrical system and signaling of railways and communications within Santiago - Chillán - Bulnes - Caravans and Conception areas. The contract was awarded to SEC in 2005 for a period of 16 years.

iv) Constructora SK - VyV Ltda -

This entity is mainly engaged in the execution of civil construction work and industrial assembly, construction, buildings and carrying out engineering projects, in general, and any other business agreed upon by the partners for the project “Caserones” of the client Minera Lumina Cooper.

 
-71-

 
 
  (All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
  The following table shows financial information of the principal joint ventures:
 
  Summarized financial information for joint ventures -
 
    Constructora SK-VyV Ltda.     Sistemas SEC     Tecgas N.V     Adexus S.A.  
    At December 31,     At December 31,     At December 31,     At December 31,  
    2014     2015     2014     2015     2014     2015     2015  
                                           
Current
                                         
Cash and cash equivalents
    692       80       68       1,915       35,009       71,903       13,626  
Other current assets
                                                       
(excluding cash)
    91,606       7,810       18,329       8,611       53,370       41,219       128,616  
Total current assets
    92,298       7,890       18,397,       10,526       88,379       113,122       142,242  
                                                         
Financial liabilities
                                                       
(excluding trade accounts payables)
    68       1,091       42       -       -       -       100,618  
Other current liabilities
                                                       
(including trade accounts payables)
    7,921       269       8,867       11,765       81,917       103,941       68,116  
Total current liabilities
    7,989       1,360       8,909       11,765       81,917       103,941       168,734  
                                                         
Non-current
                                                       
Assets
    103       45       16,239       22,794       201,362       192,360       174,159  
Other liabilities
    91       -       5,198       2,724       59,126       47,686       63,397  
Net assets
    84,321       6,575       20,529       18,831       148,698       153,855       84,270  
                                                         
Revenue
    298,156       10,702       362       26,136       -       426,487       334,376  
Depreciation and amortization
    (426 )     -       (2,069 )     424       -       (11,749 )     (18,387 )
Interest income
    83       -       1,409       58       -       138       47  
Interest expenses
    -       -       (1,065 )     (278 )     -       (122 )     (23,026 )
Profit or loss from continuing operations
    6,916       7,826       2,474       1,374       -       1,876       (35,573 )
Income tax expense
    (8,964 )     (1,289 )     (1,305 )     (188 )     -       (892 )     2,391  
Post-tax profit from
                                                       
continuing operations
    37,952       6,537       (1,169 )     1,186       -       984       (33,182 )
Other comprehensive income
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Total comprehensive income
    37,952       6,537       (1,169 )     1,186       -       984       (33,182 )
 
 
-72-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
The movement of the investments in joint ventures is as follows:
 
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
                   
Opening balance
    12,727       59,758       147,069  
Acquisition through business
                       
combination (Note 31)
    2,262       -       -  
Acquisitions
    -       78,615       44,145  
Decrease in capital
    -       -       (3,364 )
Debt capitalization
    7,989       -       -  
Equity interests in results
    22,458       24,313       2,193  
Dividends received
    (1,708 )     (11,527 )     (42,122 )
Adjustment SEC (vi)
    9,379       -       -  
Adjustment LQS (vi)
    7,408       -       -  
Conversion adjustment
    (757 )     (4,090 )     (1,618 )
Final balance
    59,758       147,069       (146,303 )

In 2015, 2014 and 2013 the following significant movements were carried out:
 
i)
In December 2015 a share capital of Consorcio DSD Echevarría Izquierdo was decreased by S/3.3 million, which did not affect the interest of each party in the joint operation (50%). The purpose of the capital decrease resulted from the settlement of the obligations that the joint operation held with its partners Vial y Vives - DSD S.A. y Echevarría Izquierdo Montajes Industriales S.A.
 
 
ii)
In August 2015 the Company acquired a 44% interest in the share capital of Adexus S.A., amounting to S/44.1 million. This investment includes goodwill arising from the acquisition for S/20.7 million.
   
iii)
In December 2014, the Company acquired 51% of the share capital of Tecgas N.C. (current strategic partner of Transportadora de Gas del Perú), which holds 100% the share capital of Compañía Operadora de Gas del Amazonas (hereinafter COGA) for a total of S/75.8 million. This investment includes goodwill resulting from the purchase amounting to S/61.4 million.
   
iv)
In July 2014, the Company acquired 50% interest in the share capital of G.S.J.V. SCC, through its subsidiary GyM S.A. for S/2.78 million.
   
v)
The Group received dividends in 2015 from Constructora SK – VyV Ltda., for S/41.1 million (S/11.5 million in 2014).
   
vi)
In 2013 the Company re-evaluated the nature of the rights attributable to its partners under the provisions of IFRS 10 and concluded that the parties have joint control and are not subsidiaries; accordingly, Logística de Químicos del Sur S.A.C. (hereinafter LQS) and Sistemas SEC S.A. (hereinafter SEC) were removed from the Group consolidation and are recorded under the equity method of accounting. The effect of this re-evaluation on the total assets and equity is not significant for the years of the presented financial statements.
 
 
-73-

 
 
  (All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
16
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

 The movement in property, plant and equipment accounts and its corresponding accumulated depreciation for the year ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015 is as follows:
 
                           
Furniture and
 
Other
   
Replacement
 
In-transit
   
Work
       
   
Land
   
Buildings
   
Machinery
   
Vehicles
   
fixtures
   
equipment
   
units
   
units
   
inprogress
    Total  
At January 1, 2013
                                                           
Cost
    26,515       99,613       751,936       358,067       38,066       135,918       10,204       19,323       97,055       1,536,697  
Accumulated depreciation
    -       (20,728 )     (311,975 )     (135,669 )     (19,247 )     (95,494 )     (53 )     -       -       (583,166 )
Net cost
    26,515       78,885       439,961       222,398       18,819       40,424       10,151       19,323       97,055       953,531  
                                                                                 
Net opening cost
    26,515       78,885       439,961       222,398       18,819       40,424       10,151       19,323       97,055       953,531  
Additions
            6,713       63,155       31,445       3,419       22,061       3,537       19,585       91,450       241,365  
Acquisition of subsidiary – DSD (Note 31)
    2,965       624       44,493       2,973       94       1,773       -       -       -       52,922  
Deconsolidation SEC and LQS
    -       (1,555 )     (5,187 )     (119 )     (382 )     (158 )     -       -       (19,108 )     (26,509 )
Reclassifications
    147       10,184       (35,627 )     6,193       1,108       (4,417 )     (2,494 )     (15,823 )     (30,525 )     -  
Transfers to intangibles (Note 17)
    -       -       (948 )     -       -       -       -       -       (38,656 )     (39,604 )
Deduction for sale of assets
    -       (2,467 )     (20,432 )     (19,213 )     (2,579 )     (2,676 )     -       -       -       (47,367 )
Transfer to held for sale assets
    -       -       (5,706 )     (15,767 )     -       -       -       -       -       (21,473 )
Adjustments of cost - derecognition
    -       (2,641 )     (5,752 )     (1,592 )     (2,074 )     (3,004 )     (601 )     ( 1,256 )     (2,173 )     (19,093 )
Depreciation charge
    -       (7,387 )     (84,454 )     (59,126 )     (9,247 )     (19,235 )     (38 )     -       -       (179,487 )
Depreciation for transfers
    -       (144 )     (2,623 )     (1,746 )     (12 )     1,010       23       -       -       -  
Depreciation for sales deductions
    -       1,587       14,984       11,961       2,432       1,276       -       -       -       32,240  
Adjustments of accumulated depreciation - derecognition
    -       542       3,787       295       2,168       2,138       -       -       -       8,930  
Translations adjustments
    ( 285 )     (15 )     (2,102 )     ( 111 )     23       ( 59 )     -       -       -       (2,549 )
Net final cost
    29,342       84,326       474,803       181,083       13,769       39,133       10,578       21,829       98,043       952,906  
                                                                                 
At December 31, 2013
                                                                               
Cost
    29,342       110,456       855,084       361,876       37,675       149,438       10,646       21,829       98,043       1,674,389  
Accumulated depreciation
    -       (26,130 )     (380,281 )     (180,793 )     (23,906 )     (110,305 )     (68 )     -       -       (721,483 )
Net cost
    29,342       84,326       474,803       181,083       13,769       39,133       10,578       21,829       98,043       952,906  
 
 
-74-

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
                           
Furniture and
    Other    
Replacement
   
In-transit
    Work        
   
Land
   
Buildings
   
Machinery
   
Vehicles
   
fixtures
   
equipment
   
units
   
units
   
in progress
   
Total
 
                                                             
At January 1, 2014
                                                           
Cost
    29,342       110,456       855,084       361,876       37,675       149,438       10,646       21,829       98,043       1,674,389  
Accumulated depreciation
    -       (26,130 )     (380,281 )     (180,793 )     (23,906 )     (110,305 )     (68 )     -       -       (721,483 )
Net cost
    29,342       84,326       474,803       181,083       13,769       39,133       10,578       21,829       98,043       952,906  
                                                                                 
Net opening cost
    29,342       84,326       474,803       181,083       13,769       39,133       10,578       21,829       98,043       952,906  
Additions
    17       19,349       133,230       87,958       8,434       40,125       98       19,982       119,773       428,966  
Acquisition of subsidiary - Morelco (Note 31 a)
    1,993       8,869       53,942       1,844       254       1,653       -       -       526       69,081  
Acquisition of subsidiary - Coasin (Note 31 b)
    -       -       -       -       -       711       -       -       -       711  
Reclassifications
    -       67,454       24,523       (3,048 )     468       (3,316 )     (2,043 )     (31,415 )     (52,623 )     -  
Transfers to intangibles (Note 17)
    -       -       -               -       -       -       -       (66,604 )     (66,604 )
Deduction for sale of assets
    -       (3,066 )     (61,508 )     (52,364 )     (2,514 )     (3,087 )     (851 )     (830 )     -       (124,220 )
Adjustments of cost - derecognition
    -       (2,327 )     (10,404 )     (1,402 )     (585 )     (8,319 )     ( 605 )     -       801       (22,841 )
Depreciation charge
    -       (11,996 )     (89,463 )     (52,697 )     (6,896 )     (22,100 )     (7 )     -       -       (183,159 )
Depreciation for transfers
    -       (2,222 )     375       (3,036 )     958       3,925               -       -       -  
Depreciation for sale deductions
    -       2,959       45,001       33,458       2,214       2,394       71       -       -       86,097  
Adjustments of accumulated depreciation - derecognition
    -       1,910       8,339       1,253       351       5,753       -       -       -       17,606  
Translations adjustments
    (677 )     (285 )     (8,380 )     (787 )     (586 )     (336 )     -       (389 )     (85 )     (11,525 )
Net final cost
    30,675       164,971       570,458       192,262       15,867       56,536       7,241       9,177       99,831       1,147,018  
                                                                                 
At December 31, 2014
                                                                         
Cost
    30,675       200,450       (986,487 )     394,077       43,146       176,869       7,245       9,177       99,831       1,947,957  
Accumulated depreciation
    -       (35,479 )     416,029       (201,815 )     (27,279 )     (120,333 )     (4 )     -       -       (800,939 )
Net cost
    30,675       164,971       570,458       192,262       15,867       56,536       7,241       9,177       99,831       1,147,018  
 
 
-75-

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
   
Land
   
Buildings
   
Machinery
   
Vehicles
   
Furniture and fixtures
   
Other equipment
   
Replacement units
   
In-transit units
   
Work in progress
   
Total
 
                                                             
At January 1, 2015
                                                           
Cost
    30,675       200,450       986,487       394,077       43,146       176,869       7,245       9,177       99,831       1,947,957  
Accumulated depreciation
    -       (35,479 )     (416,029 )     (201,815 )     (27,279 )     (120,333 )     (4 )     -       -       (800,939 )
Net cost
    30,675       164,971       570,458       192,262       15,867       56,536       7,241       9,177       99,831       1,147,018  
                                                                                 
Net initial cost
    30,675       164,971       570,458       192,262       15,867       56,536       7,241       9,177       99,831       1,147,018  
Additions
    -       9,021       105,575       86,923       12,684       22,802       -       16,018       44,933       297,956  
CAM Brazil deconsolidation
    -       (839 )     (1,462 )     (633 )     (70 )     -       -       -       -       (3,004 )
Reclassifications
    -       36,180       32,389       9,300       1,245       7,272       10,529       (23,092 )     (73,823 )     -  
Transfers to intangibles (Note 17)
    -       -       68       -       -       -       -       -       (36,785 )     (36,717 )
Transfers to accounts receivable
    -       (3,635 )     -       -       (777 )     (4,442 )     -       -       (5,168 )     (14,022 )
Deduction for sale of assets
    (2,001 )     (1,235 )     (35,118 )     (42,464 )     (1,491 )     (7,979 )                     (14,185 )     (104,473 )
Adjustments of cost- derecognition
    -       (5,057 )     (10,224 )     (362 )     (2,299 )     (1,810 )     (2,326 )     (89 )     (1,206 )     (23,373 )
Depreciation charge
    -       (13,598 )     (116,993 )     (54,808 )     (5,156 )     (24,225 )     -       -       -       (214,780 )
Depreciation for sale deductions
    -       1,003       23,907       32,566       799       7,751       -       -       -       66,026  
Adjustments of accumulated depreciation - derecognition
    -       3,060       4,373       323       503       1,331       -       -       -       9,950  
Translations adjustments
    (265 )     (306 )     (8,288 )     (2,221 )     (128 )     (506 )     -       (197 )     (553 )     (12,464 )
Net final cost
    28,409       189,565       564,685       220,886       21,177       56,730       15,444       1,817       13,044       1,111,757  
                                                                                 
At December 31, 2015
                                                                               
Cost
    28,409       231,029       1,074,195       443,239       52,225       191,238       15,448       1,817       13,044       2,050,644  
Accumulated depreciation
    -       (41,464 )     (509,510 )     (222,353 )     (31,048 )     (134,508 )     (4 )     -       -       (938,887 )
Net cost
    28,409       189,565       564,685       220,886       21,177       56,730       15,444       1,817       13,044       1,111,757  
 
-76-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
In 2015 and 2014, additions to cost correspond to the acquisition of fixed assets under finance leases and by direct acquisition.

The balance of work in progress at December 31, 2015, relates mainly to investments made by the subsidiary GMP S.A. for S/3 million (S/47.4 million at December 31, 2014) for the activities of oil drilling in order to increase exploitation of oil and gas (4 wells in 2015 and 25 wells in 2014). Additionally, the balance includes the construction work of Larcomar Hotel Project for S/11.0 million (S/9.3 in 2014). At December 31, 2014 the balance included the construction of the offices in the new administrative headquarters of the Company in Petit Thouars Avenue, amounting to S/28.9 million and the subsidiary GyM S.A. maintained a balance of S/12.4 million relating to the construction of a corrective-preventive maintenance at the Constancia mine.

In 2015 the sale of fixed assets amounted to S/55.8 million (S/124.2 million and S/47.3 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively), resulting in a profit of S/17.4 million (a profit of S/4.9 million and S/0.7 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively), which is shown in the income statement under “other income and expenses” (Note 28).

Depreciation of fixed assets and investment properties for the year is broken down in the statement of income as follows:
 
    2013    
2014
   
2015
 
                   
Cost of services and goods
    166,098       168,634       196,725  
Administrative expenses
    13,389       14,525       18,055  
Total depreciation related to property, plant and equipment
    179,487       183,159       214,780  
                         
(+) Depreciation related to investment property
    1,992       2,151       2,290  
Total depreciation charged to expenses
    181,479       185,310       217,070  
 
The net carrying amount of machinery and equipment, vehicles and furniture and fixtures acquired under finance lease agreements is broken down as follows:

   
At December 31,
       
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Cost
    643,498       735,591  
Accumulated depreciation
    264,343       327,465  
Net cost
    379,155       408,126  
 
Property, plant and equipment amounting to S/56.7 million (S/60.1 million in 2014) have been pledged granted as guarantee of certain borrowings.
 
 
-77-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
17
INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The movement of intangible assets and that of their corresponding accumulated amortization, as of December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, is as follows:
 
    Goodwill    
Trade-
marks
   
Concession
rights
   
Contractual
relations
with clients
   
Internally
generated
software and
development
costs
   
Costs of
development
of wells
   
Development
costs
   
Land use
rights
   
Other
assets
    Totals  
At January 1, 2013
 
 
                                                       
Cost
    89,214       75,845       417,645       50,518       23,095       178,910       3,623       13,288       9,401       861,539  
Accumulated amortization and impairment
    (21,995 )     (410 )     (239,033 )     (12,054 )     (16,360 )     (87,376 )     (3,623 )     -       (290 )     (381,141 )
Net cost
    67,219       75,435       178,612       38,464       6,735       91,534       -       13,288       9,111       480,398  
                                                                                 
Net opening cost
    67,219       75,435       178,612       38,464       6,735       91,534       -       13,288       9,111       480,398  
Additions
    -       -       14,622       -       5,106       -       -       -       4,976       24,704  
Acquisition of subsidiary - DSD (Note 31)
    6,128       -       218       7,373       -       -       -       -       -       13,719  
Desconsolidation SEC and LQS
    -       -       (1,203 )     -       (902 )     -       -       -       (5 )     (2,110 )
Transfers from work in progress (Note 16)
    -       -       2,122       -       290       38,621       -       -       (1,429 )     39,604  
Derecognition - cost
    -       (33 )     (1,965 )     (100 )     (42 )     (317 )     -       -       (1,307 )     (3,764 )
Amortization charge
    -       (2,458 )     (18,816 )     (16,202 )     (7,084 )     (31,236 )     -       -       (2,591 )     (78,387 )
Derecognition – accumulated amortization
    -       -       (323 )     -       (6 )     -       -       -       322       (7 )
Translations adjustments
    -       -       6,728       -       -       -       -       -       -       6,728  
Net final cost
    73,347       72,944       179,995       29,535       4,097       98,602       -       13,288       9,077       480,885  
                                                                                 
At December 31, 2013
                                                                               
Cost
    95,342       75,812       438,167       57,791       27,547       217,214       3,623       13,288       11,636       940,420  
Accumulated amortization and impairment
    (21,995 )     (2,868 )     (258,172 )     (28,256 )     (23,450 )     (118,612 )     (3,623 )     -       (2,559 )     (459,535 )
Net cost
    73,347       72,944       179,995       29,535       4,097       98,602       -       13,288       9,077       480,885  
 
 
-78-

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
    Goodwill    
Trade-
marks
   
Concession
rights
   
Contractual
relations
with clients
   
Internally
generated
software and
development
costs
   
Costs of
development
of wells
   
Development
costs
   
Land use
rights
   
Other
assets
    Totals  
At January 1, 2014
 
 
                                                       
Cost
    95,342       75,812       438,167       57,791       27,5477       217,214       3,623       13,288       11,636       940,420  
Accumulated amortization and impairment
    (21,995 )     (2,868 )     (258,172 )     (28,256 )     (23,450 )     (118,612 )     (3,623 )     -       (2,559 )     (459,535 )
Net cost
    73,347       72,944       179,995       29,535       4,097       98,602       -       13,288       9,077       480,885  
                                                                                 
Net initial cost
    73,347       72,944       179,995       29,535       4,097       98,602       -       13,288       9,077       480,885  
Additions
    -       -       135,502       -       2,804       -       -       -       5,238       143,544  
Acquisition of subsidiary - Morelco (Note 31 a)
    103,055       33,326       847       30,318       -       -       -       -       -       167,546  
Acquisition of subsidiary - Coasin (Note 31 b)
    6,413       -       6       -       1,371       -       -       -       -       7,790  
Transfers from assets under construction (Note 16)
    -       -       1,845       -       1,677       64,759       -       -       (1,677 )     66,604  
Reclassifications
    -       -       920       -       180       (251 )     -       -       (849 )     -  
Derecognition - cost
    -       -       (16,016 )     -       (29 )     -       -       -       (91 )     (16,136 )
Amortization charge
    -       -       (26,823 )     (14,987 )     (3,013 )     (31,780 )     -       -       (778 )     (77,381 )
Derecognition - accumulated amortization
    -       -       15,491       -       1       -       -       -       -       15,492  
Amortization reversal (Vial y Vives)
    -       2,651       -       -       -       -                       -       2,651  
Translations adjustments
    (2,666 )     (6,303 )     (88 )     (1,876 )     (1,319 )     -                       -       (12,252 )
Net final cost
    180,149       102,618       291,679       42,990       5,769       131,330       -       13,288       10,920       778,743  
                                                                                 
At December 31, 2014
                                                                               
Cost
    202,144       102,835       561,183       86,233       32,231       281,722       3,623       13,288       14,257       1,297,516  
Accumulated amortization and impairment
    (21,995 )     (217 )     (269,504 )     (43,243 )     (26,462 )     (150,392 )     (3,623 )     -       (3,337 )     (518,773 )
Net cost
    180,149       102,618       291,679       42,990       5,769       131,330       -       13,288       10,920       778,743  
 
 
-79-

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
    Goodwill    
Trade-
marks
   
Concession
rights
   
Contractual
relations
with clients
   
Internally
generated
software and
development
costs
   
Costs of
development
of wells
   
Development
costs
   
Land use
rights
   
Other
assets
    Totals  
At January 1, 2015
 
 
                                                       
Cost
    202,144       102,835       561,183       86,233       32,231       281,722       3,623       13,288       14,257       1,297,516  
Accumulated amortization and impairment
    (21,995 )     (217 )     (269,504 )     (43,243 )     (26,462 )     (150,392 )     (3,623 )     -       (3,337 )     (518,773 )
Net cost
    180,149       102,618       291,679       42,990       5,769       131,330       -       13,288       10,920       778,743  
                                                                                 
Net initial cost
    180,149       102,618       291,679       42,990       5,769       131,330       -       13,288       10,920       778,743  
Additions
    5,418       -       165,149       -       9,141       -       -       -       3,429       183,137  
CAM Brazil Desconsolidation                                     (129 )                                     ( 129 )
Transfers from assets under construction (Note 16)     -       -       -       (68 )     1,562       33,396       -       -       1,827       36,717  
Transfers to accounts receivable     -       -       (2,278 )     -       -       -       -       -       -       (2,278 )
Transfers to pre-paid expenses     -       -       (10,923 )     -       -       -       -       -       (3,684 )     (14,607 )
Reclassifications     -       -       -       -       188       (188 )     -       -       (3 )     (3 )
Amortization charge     -       -       (25,683 )     (14,697 )     (6,033 )     (42,117 )     -       -       (825 )     (89,355 )
Translations adjustments     (759 )     (6,084 )     (51 )     (4,031 )     (280 )     -       -       -       -       (11,205 )
Net final cost     184,808       96,534       417,893       24,194       10,218       122,42       -       13,288       11,664       881,020  
                                                                                 
At December 31, 2015                                                                                
Cost     206,803       96,751       716,125       82,134       42,761       314,881       3,623       13,288       15,425       1,491,791  
Accumulated amortization and impairment     (21,995 )     (217 )     (298,232 )     (57,940 )     (32,543 )     (192,460 )     (3,623 )     -       (3,761 )     (610,771 )
Net cost     184,808       96,534       417,893       24,194       10,218       122,421       -       13,288       11,664       881,020  
 
 
-80-

 
 
  (All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
  a) Goodwill -
 
  Management reviews the results of its businesses based on the type of economic activity carried out.
 
  Goodwill from cash-generating units is allocated to the following segments:
 
   
At December 31,
       
   
2014
   
2015
 
             
Engineering and construction (Note 32 a and c)
    135,461       140,090  
Electromechanical
    20,737       20,737  
Mining construction services
    13,366       13,366  
Telecommunications services (Note 32 b)
    6,413       6,443  
IT equipment and services
    4,172       4,172  
      182,149       184,808  
 
As a result of the impairment testing on goodwill performed by Management on an annual basis the recoverable amount of the related cash-generating unit (CGU) is determined based on the higher of its value in use and fair value less cost to sale. Value in use is determined based on the future cash flows expected to be generated by the assessed CGU. As a result of these assessments no provisions for impairment were required.

The main criteria used by the Group to determine the value in use are as follows:
 
   
Mining
construction
services
   
Engineering and
construction
   
Electro-
mechanical
   
IT equipment
and services
   
Telecommu-
nication
services
 
                               
2014 -                              
Gross margin
    11.46 %     13.00% / 9.04 %     10.35 %     30.91 %     11.10 %
Growth rate
    2.00 %     3.00% / 4.00 %     2.00 %     -       5.00 %
Discount rate
    13.00 %     8.36% / 9.30 %     13.00 %     13.00 %     10.76 %
                                         
2015 -                                        
Gross margin
    11.81 %     11.50% / 10.80 %     10.33 %     24.31 %     14.39 %
Growth rate
    2.00 %     3.00% / 3.00 %     2.00 %     -       -  
Discount rate
    11.71 %     9.66% / 12.72 %     11.01 %     21.74 %     10.02 %
 
These assumptions have been used for the analysis of each CGU included in the operating segments for a period of 5 years.

Management determines the budgeted gross margins based on past results and market development expectations. Average growth rates are consistent with those prevailing in the industry. Discount rates used are pre-tax and reflect the specific risk related to the assessed CGUs.
 
b) Trademarks -
 
The Group acquired trademarks from the business combination processes of Vial y Vives S.A.C. (S/75.4 million) in October 2012 and of Morelco (S/33.3 million) in December 2014. Management has determined that both brands have indefinite lives; consequently, annual impairment tests are performed on these intangibles, as described in paragraph a) above. As a result of these tests, no provision for impairment was considered necessary to be recorded at December 31, 2015 and 2014.
 
 
-81-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Major assumptions used by the Group to determine the value in use are as follows:
 
   
Engineering and construction
   
2015
 
2014
   
VyV-DSD
   
Morelco
   
VyV - DSD
   
Morelco
 
                         
Revenue
    4.95 %     9.85 %     10.80 %     10.70 %
Growth rate
    3.00 %     3.00 %     4.00 %     3.00 %
Discount rate
    9.66 %     12.72 %     9.30 %     8.36 %

c) Concessions -
 
This intangible asset mainly includes the value attributable to the concession for the Ancón-Huacho-Pativilca road section of the Panamericana Norte highway. During 2015, the Company has capitalized financing costs for these concessions amounting to S/7.7 million at interest rates between 6.75% and 8.375% (S/0.7 million in 2014 at interest rate of 6.32%).

Intangibles arising from this concession as of December 31, 2015 mainly comprise i) the EPC contract for S/317.5 million (S/184.1 million as of December 31, 2014) by the construction of the second section of “Ancón-Huacho-Pativilca” highway, with an addition of S/133.2 million net of amortization, made effective in 2015 (an investment of S/82.7 in 2014) and, ii) improving road by S/19.6 million as of December 31, 2015 (S/21.5 million as of December 31, 2014). Under those contracts, the Concessionaire has to construct, improve and rehabilitate the road infrastructure over the effective period of the concession.

During the course of 2015 investments were made in concession Vía Expresa Sur for S/6.2 million (S/15.8 million in 2014) involving the extension of the Vía Expresa Sur to connect the district of San Juan de Miraflores, those amounts comprises an unsecured portion (53%) for the concessionaire (bifurcated model).
 
d) Costs of development of wells -
 
Through one of its subsidiaries, the Group operates and extracts oil from two fields (Block I and Block V) located in the province of Talara in northern Peru. Both oil fields are operated under long-term service agreements by which the Group provides hydrocarbon extraction services to Perupetro.

On December 10, 2014 the Peruvian Government granted subsidiary GMP S.A. a right of exploiting for 30 years the oil blocks III and IV (owned by the Peruvian government - Perupetro) located in the Talara, Piura basin.

Based on its winning technical – economic proposal, GMP was to begin drilling activities in 230 development wells in Block III and in 330 development wells in Block IV for 10 years. The expected total investment in both blocks totals US$560 million. Operations started in April 2015 in both blocks with a production of 1,700 bpd while the drilling obligation comes into effect one year after the beginning of operations.
 
 
-82-

 

(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
As part of the Group’s obligations under the relevant service agreements, certain costs will be incurred in preparing the wells in Blocks I, III, IV and V to be able to render hydrocarbons exploitation services which will be capitalized as in intangible at a carrying amount of S/110.2 million, S/0.1 million, S/0.2 million and S/7.9 million at December 31, 2015, respectively (S/125.1 million and S/6.2 million At December 31, 2014 in blocks I and V, respectively). All blocks are amortized on the basis of the useful lives of the wells (estimated to be 5 years), which is less than the total effective period of the service agreement with Perupetro. Regarding Blocks III and IV those costs have not been amortized in 2015 because the investment was actually performed on December 31, 2015.
 
e) Amortization of intangible assets -
 
Amortization of intangibles is broken down in the income statement as follows:
 
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
                   
Cost of sales (Note 26)
    67,254       68,089       81,841  
Administrative expenses (Note 26)
    11,133       6,641       7,514  
      78,387       74,730       89,355  
 
18
OTHER FINANCIAL LIABILITIES

This item comprises:
 
     
Total
   
Current
   
Non-current
     
As of December 31,
   
As of December 31,
   
As of December 31,
      2014      
2015
     
2014
     
2015
     
2014
     
2015
 
                                                 
Bank loans
    1,419,428       1,480,071       1,300,636       1,082,860       118,792       397,211  
Finance leases
    332,151       301,285       124,819       145,160       207,332       156,125  
      1,751,579       1,781,356       1,425,455       1,228,020       326,124       553,336  
 
a) Bank loans -
 
At December 31, 2015 and 2014 this item comprises bank borrowings contracted in local and foreign currency intended for working capital. These obligations are subject to fixed interest rates ranging between 1.0% and 13.1% in 2015 and between 1% and 9% in 2014.
 
               
Current
 
Non-current
   
Interest
   
Date of
   
At December 31
 
At December 31
 
   
rate
   
maturity
   
2014
   
2015
   
2014
   
2015
 
                                     
GyM S.A. (1)
    1.00% / 9.45 %     2016 / 2020       510,357       535,776       15,518       286,671  
Viva GyM S.A.
    5.24% / 8.50 %     2016       140,369       220,423       -       8,372  
Graña y Montero S.A.A.
    2.75 %     2016       -       102,776 -       -       -  
GMP S.A.
    2.13% / 5.95 %     2016 / 2020       67,195       95,824       82,258       70,220  
Norvial S.A.
    5.85% / 8.37 %     2016 / 2020       88,957       54,706       -       -  
CAM Holding S.A.
    4.85% / 13.07 %     2016 / 2018       38,699       42,534       21,016       31,948  
GMD S.A.
    4.90% / 6.30 %     2016       13,632       30,107       -       -  
GMI
    5.56 %     2016       15,659       714       -       -  
GyM Ferrovías S.A.
    5.75% / 5.90 %     2015       404,915       -       -       -  
Concar S.A.
    5.48% / 5.60 %     2015       14,566       -       -       -  
Survial S.A.
    7.05 %     2015       6,287       -       -       -  
                      1,300,636       1,082,860       118,792       397,211  
 
 
-83-

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
In 2015, subsidiaries Norvial S.A. and GyM Ferrovías S.A. issued bonds to raise capital intended for working capital and to repay short-term loans that were obtained in January and December 2014, respectively. Those loans were obtained from BCP amounting to S/120 million and US$12 million for Norvial S.A. and S/400 million for GyM Ferrovías S.A., which bore interest at rates ranging between 5.75% and 6.32% (Note 19).

At December 31, 2015 the Company has undrawn lines of credit for S/4,666 million (S/2,459 million at December 31, 2014)

b) Finance lease obligations -
 
                Current     Non-current  
   
Interest
   
Date of
   
At December 31
         
At December 31
       
   
rate
   
maturity
   
2014
   
2015
   
2014
   
2015
 
GyM S.A.
    1.90% / 8.96 %     2016 / 2023       103,445       116,205       128,563       88,715  
GMD S.A.
    4.99% / 7.00 %     2016 / 2020       4,921       10,474       23,603       20,024  
GMP S.A.
    2.65% / 7.20 %     2016 / 2018       2,382       5,272       17,509       13,087  
CAM Holding S.A.
    7.19% / 9.27 %     2016 / 2020       4,833       4,633       15,502       12,382  
Viva GyM S.A.
    7.30% / 8.95 %     2018 / 2022       3,945       3,957       16,368       19,190  
Concar S.A.
    3.23% / 5.48 %     2016 / 2018       3,880       3,618       2,949       2,161  
Norvial S.A.
    5.15 %     2016       658       722       633       -  
GMI S.A.
    6.90 %     2018       123       279       -       566  
Graña y Montero S.A.A.
    3.50% / 7.70 %     2015       632       -       2,205       -  
                      124,819       145,160       207,332       156,125  

The minimum payments to be made by maturity and present value of the finance lease obligations are as follows:
 
   
At December 31,
       
   
2014
   
2015
 
Up to 1 year
    138,988       157,957  
From 1 to 5 years
    214,620       160,824  
Over 5 years
    11,224       10,431  
      364,832       329,212  
Future financial charges on finance leases
    (32,681 )     (27,927 )
Present value of the obligations for finance lease contracts
    332,151       301,285  
 
The present value of finance lease obligations is broken down as follows:
 
   
At December 31,
       
   
2014
   
2015
 
Up to 1 year
    124,819       145,160  
From 1 year to 5 years
    197,716       146,316  
Over 5 years
    9,616       9,809  
      332,151       301,285  
 
 
-84-

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
c) Fair value of borrowings -

The carrying amount and fair value of borrowings are broken down as follows:

   
Carying amount
   
Fair value
 
   
2014
   
2015
   
2014
   
2015
 
Loans
    1,014,513       1,480,071       984,786       1,493,981  
Leases
    737,066       301,285       750,559       308,202  
      1,751,579       1,781,356       1,735,345       1,802,183  
 
Fair values are determined based on discounted cash flows using borrowing rates between 4.8% and 13.1% (between 4.4% and 8.0% in 2014) information that corresponds to level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

19
BONDS

At December 31, 2015 this item is broken down as follows:
 
   
Total
   
Current
   
Non-current
 
GyM Ferrovías (a)
    607,868       31,546       576,322  
Norvial (b)
    186,223       5,537       180,686  
      794,091       37,083       757,008  
 
a) GyM Ferrovías S.A. -

In February 2015 subsidiary GyM Ferrovías issued corporate bonds under the U.S. Regulation S. this issue was carried out in Peruvian Soles VAC (the Spanish acronym for constant value update) for a total amount of S/629 million. The issues costs for this transactions were for S/22 million. Maturity of these bonds is November 2039 and bear interest at a rate of 4.75% (plus VAC adjustment), they have a risk rating of AA+ (local grading) granted by Apoyo & Asociados Internacionales Clasificadora de Riesgo and a collateral structure that includes a mortgage on the concession to which GyM Ferrovías is a concessionaire, security on the shares of GyM Ferrovías, Assignment of the collection rights arising from the Management Trust, a Cash Flow and Reserve Trust for the Service of the Debt, Operation and Maintenance and in-progress Capex. At December 31, 2015 the Group made a payment of S/16.5 million.
 
Capital raised from bond issue were used in amortizing a short-term loan with Banco de Crédito del Perú – BCP for S/400 million, funding the reserve accounts, payment of costs of bond issue and partial repayment of the subordinated loan obtained from parent Company by GyM Ferrovías.
 
At December 31, 2015 the balance includes accrued interest payable for S/17.3 million.
 
As part of the process of bond structuring, GyM Ferrovías engaged to adhere to the following covenants:

-
Debt service coverage ratio of not less than 1.2 times.
-
Keeping a constant minimum balance of trust equal to a quarter of operating and maintenance costs (including VAT)
-
Keeping a constant minimum balance of trust equal to two coupons as per schedule.
 
 
-85-

 
 
(All amounts expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
b) Norvial S.A. -
 
In July 2015, Norvial S.A. issued the First Corporate Bond Program on the Lima Stock Exchange for a total S/365 million. The first issue was for 80 million at 5 years, bearing an interest rate of 6.75% and funds were drawn on July 23, 2015. The second issue was for 285 million at 11.5 years, bearing an interest rate of 8.375%, structured in 3 disbursements: the first disbursement of S/105 million was on July 23; the second disbursement of S/100 million was on January 25, 2016; and the third disbursement of S/80 million will be made effective in July 2016. The issues costs corresponding to the first issue and the first disbursement of the second issue were for S/1.5 million. Risk rating agencies Equilibrium y Apoyo & Asociados Internacionales graded this debt instrument AA. This financing transaction has been secured by (i) a cash flow trust, related to the consideration and the regulatory rate; (ii) a mortgage on the concession in which Norvial S.A. is a concessionaire; (iii) a security on shares: (iv) collection rights and (v) in general, all those additional collaterals given to the secured creditors. The capital raised is intended to finance the construction of the Second Phase of Red Vial No.5 and the financing of VAT arising from a project-related expenses.
 
At December 31, 2015 the balance included interest payables for S/2.7 million.
 
As part of the process of bond structuring, Norvial engaged to adhere to the following covenants:

-
Debt service coverage ratio of not less than 1.3 times.
-
Proforma gearing ratio lower than 4 times.

As of December 31,2015 both Companies has complied with their covenants.
 
Fair value of the bonds of both Companies at December 31, 2015 amounted to S/769.5 million, which has been calculated based on the discounted cash flows, using rates between 4.88% and 8.89%, which are within level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

20
TRADE ACCOUNTS PAYABLE

This item comprises:
 
   
At December 31
       
   
2014
   
2015
 
Invoices payable
    728,363       911,793  
Unbilled services received
    452,976       703,799  
Bills of exchange payable
    21       20,168  
      1,181,360       1,635,760  
Non-current:
               
Invoices payable
    (3,779 )     -  
Total current
    1,177,581       1,635,760  
 
Unbilled services received include the estimate made by Management of the valuation of the percentage of completion, amounting to S/164.1 million at December 31, 2015 (S/98.7 million at December 31, 2014).
 
 
-86-

 
 
  (All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
21
OTHER ACCOUNTS PAYABLE
 
This item comprises:
 
   
At December 31
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
   
Advances from customers
    684,256       607,097  
Salaries and profit sharing payable
    220,212       232,102  
Put option liability - Morelco acquisition (*)
    113,829       111,349  
Third-party loans
    24,217       94,553  
VAT payable
    45,043       77,461  
Supplier funding
    31,808       59,992  
Other taxes payable
    71,876       51,893  
Guarantee deposits
    14,599       26,806  
Post-retirement benefits
    9,850       9,043  
Interest payable to Oiltanking Perú S.A.C.
    6,408       9,015  
Payables - Morelco acquisition (Note 32-a)
    32,449       -  
Other accounts payables
    34,847       33,085  
      1,289,394       1,312,396  
   
Less non-curent portion:
               
Put option liability - Morelco acquisition
    (113,829 )     (111,349 )
Advances received from clients - GyM S.A.
    (95,317 )     (80,936 )
Supplier funding
    (19,603 )     (33,031 )
Post-retirement benefits
    (9,850 )     (9,043 )
Payables - Morelco acquisition (Note 32-a)
    (32,449 )     -  
Others
    (10,603 )     (12,037 )
      (281,651 )     (246,396 )
Current portion
    (1,007,743 )     1,066,000  
 
(*)
The balance of put option liability corresponds to the agreement signed by the subsidiary GyM S.A. associated with the purchase of Morelco (Note 32 a). Changes in the fair value of the put option amounting to S/2.5 million were recognized in 2015 in the statement of comprehensive income (result of an increase of S/18.6 million within “Other income and expenses” and a decrease of S/16.1 million within “Exchange difference loss, net”). At December 31, 2015 the discount rate used to determine the present value of the redeemable amounts was 0.65% for the first year 1.31% for the third year and 1.76% for the fourth year (fiscal 2019, the period when the option expires). At December 31, 2014 the deemed discount rate was 1.65%.
 
The amortized cost of the other short - term accounts payable is similar to their carrying amounts due the fact to the short maturity.
 
 
-87-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Advances received from customers are discounted from billing, in accordance with the terms of the agreements. These advances mainly comprise:

   
At December 31,
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
   
El nuevo Rancho
    2,156       122,435  
Proyecto Gasoducto del Sur
    -       120,273  
Pezet 583
    1,895       58,091  
Central Hidroeléctrica Macchu Picchu
    46,274       45,407  
Consorcio Panorama
    16,143       30,218  
Proyecto 1016 Stracon GyM Internacional SAC (Pánama)
    -       26,167  
Proyectos de edificaciones - Open Plaza Huancayo (CAM)
    -       25,377  
Provías
    29,671       20,848  
Proyecto ampliación del INEN
    -       20,563  
Consorcio Construcciones y Montajes
    21,844       16,432  
Real 8-9
    7,259       15,536  
Proyecto Kelar - Chile
    24,940       13,494  
Consorcio Vial La Quinua
    27,013       11,360  
CER- Consorcio Menegua
    11,376       8,999  
Chilectra S.A.
    22,167       8,755  
Proyecto Antucoya
    11,474       5,818  
EPC Planta Minera Inmaculada
    32,330       5,631  
Consorcio Río Mantaro
    102,780       -  
Túnel Santa Rosa II
    15,967       3,775  
Proyecto HidroÑuble - Chile
    84,488       -  
Proyectos de Stracon GyM
    34,871       -  
Proyecto Navarrete
    24,447       -  
Planta Concentradora Cerro Verde 2 Fase 1
    22,675       -  
Pad I Fase III - Sociedad Minera Cerro Verde
    11,974       -  
Construcción Planta de Cal
    11,710       -  
G&M Construcciones y Montajes - Bolivia
    9,806       -  
156-SK Refineria Esmeraldas-Ecuador
    7,989       -  
Chancadora Primaria CV2
    7,614       -  
K117 Montaje Eléctrico - Sociedad Minera Cerro Verde
    7,381       -  
Nuevo campus universitario UTEC
    6,685       -  
Oficinas Navarrete
    6,642       -  
Shougan Hierro Perú SAA
    5,172       -  
Los Parques de San Martín y Piura
    4,397       -  
Centro Cívico
    4,289       -  
Other projects
    60,827       47,918  
      684,256       607,097  
 
-88-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
22
OTHER PROVISIONS

This item comprises:

   
At December 31,
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
   
Legal claims
    14,427       15,000  
Contingent liabilities from the acquisition of Morelco
    24,356       15,374  
Contingent liabilities from the acquisition of Coasin and VyV-DSD
    7,470       7,586  
Contingent liabilities from CAM acquisition
    12,152       3,819  
Provision for well closure
    7,210       7,307  
      65,615       49,086  
Less:
               
Non-current portion
    (54,174 )     (35,618 )
Current portion
    11,441       13,468  
 
Legal claims

Legal claims maintained at December 31, 2015 mainly comprise provisions for labor liabilities and tax claims recorded by subsidiaries GyM S.A., GMP S.A. and CAM Chile for S/5 million, S/6.1 million and S/3.0 million, respectively (S/5 million, S/6.8 million and S/1.3 million at December 31, 2014, respectively).

Provisions related to GyM S.A. comprise claims from the tax authority which have been accounted for based on management estimates of the amounts the Company would most likely be required to pay for these cases. Regarding tax claims, due to the fact those amounts will depend on the tax authority, the Group does not have an estimated timing of when these outflows will take place.

With respect to GMP, legal claims consists of court actions brought against the Company by the Peruvian energy regulator (OSINERGMIN) resulting from the storage of hydrocarbons and the applicable environmental laws and regulations.

Contingent liabilities MORELCO

At the end of December 2014, the Group’s subsidiary, GyM S.A. acquired control of Morelco S.A.S. by purchasing 70.00% of its equity shares. As a result of the acquisition, tax contingencies were recorded for S/17.2 million, labor contingencies for S/5.7 million and legal contingencies for S/0.5 million. During 2015, a total of S/5.2 million tax contingencies were cancelled and S/1.2 million was reversed for labor contingencies that expired during the year.

Contingent liabilities CAM

In 2015 the Company recognized a reversal of approximately S/7.8 million (S/9.4 million in 2014 and S/13.6 million in 2013) in provisions that were accounted for in the acquisition of CAM Chile and affiliates in 2011 that related to labor and tax contingencies which related liabilities expired during the year.

Provision for well closure

Comprise the obligation of GMP with Perupetro relating to the abandonment of the wells of Block I and V. Under a preliminary estimate, 70 wells of Block I and 15 wells of Block V should be closed. The closure process for both wells began in 2013 and it is expected to be completed in 2021 and 2023, respectively. In 2015 no well has been closed (4 wells in Block I and 1 well in Block V for 2014 and 1 well for each block were closed in 2013).
 
 
-89-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
At December 31, 2015 the amount discounted from the provision for plug-back costs relating to the remaining 78 wells (78 wells in 2014) amounts to S/7.3 million (S/7.2 million in 2014) at a discount rate of 2.09% (2.17% in December 2014).

The gross movement of other provisions is broken down as follows:

               
Provisions
                   
         
Contingent
   
for the
   
Provision
   
Provisions
       
   
Legal
   
liabilities from
   
acquisition
   
for well
   
for periodic
       
Other provisions
 
claims
   
acquisitions
   
of CAM
   
closure
   
maintenance
   
Total
 
   
At January 1, 2014
    12,217       9,852       21,546       4,852       3,846       52,313  
Additions
    1,376       -       -       2,696       2,487       6,559  
Additions from business combinations
                                               
Morelco (Note 31-a)
    -       24,993       -       -       -       24,993  
Additions from business combinations
                                               
Coasin (Note 31-b)
    -       2,658       -       -       -       2,658  
Reversals
    -       -       (9,394 )     -       -       (9,394 )
Offsetting
    -       (4,116 )     -       -       -       (4,116 )
Payments
    (537 )     -       -       (338 )     (6,333 )     (7,208 )
Translations adjustment
    -       (190 )     -       -       -       (190 )
At December 31, 2014
    13,056       33,197       12,152       7,210       -       65,615  
   
At January 1, 2015
    13,056       33,197       12,152       7,210       -       65,615  
Additions
    6,297       -       -       101       -       6,398  
Reversals
    -       -       (7,796 )     -       -       (7,796 )
Offsetting
    -       (1,216 )     -       -       -       (1,216 )
CAM Brasil deconsolidation
    (2,353 )     -       -       -       -       (2,353 )
Payments
    (1,580 )     (5,186 )     -       (4 )     -       (6,770 )
Translations adjustment
    (420 )     ( 3,835 )     (537 )     -       -       (4,792 )
At December 31, 2015
    15,000       22,960       3,819       7,307       -       49,086  
 
23
EQUITY
 
a) Capital -

At December 30, 2015 and 2014, the authorized, subscribed and paid-in capital, according to the Company’s bylaws, as amended, comprises 660,053,790 common shares at S/1.00 par value each.

A decision made at the General Shareholders’ Meeting on March 26, 2013, as well as agreements adopted at meetings of the Board on May 30, July 23 and August 22 of 2013, mandated the issuance of common stock through a public offering of "American Depositary Shares" (ADS’s) registered in the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and NYSE, increasing the capital sum from S/558,284 to S/660,054.

This capital increase was carried out in two tranches as follows:

(i) The first tranche for the amount of S/97,674 (representing the issuance of 97,674,420 common shares issued and 19,534,884 ADS’s, therefore, at 5 shares per ADS), and,

(ii) A second tranche for the amount of S/4,095 representing the issuance of 4,095,180 common shares and ADS’s 819,036 (issued at 5 shares per ADS rate).

As of December 31, 2015 the Company’s capital structure is as follows:
 
         
Total
 
Percentage of individual
 
Number of
   
percentage of
 
interest in capital
 
shareholders
   
interest
 
   
Up to 1.00
    1,805       14,56  
From 1.01 to 5.00
    11       24.48  
From 5.01 to 10.00
    1       5.12  
Over 10
    2       55.84  
      1,819       100.00  
 
 
-90-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated) 
 
As of December 31, 2015 the year-end quoted price of the Company’s shares was S/1.97 per share, with a trading frequency of 91.94% (quoted price of S/7.26 per share and a trading frequency of 90.48% at December 31, 2014).

b) Other reserves -

This item comprises legal reserve exclusively. In accordance with Peruvian Company Law, the Company’s legal reserve is formed by the transfer of 10% of the annual net profit, up to a maximum of 20% of the paid-in capital. In the absence of profits or freely available reserves, this legal reserve can be applied to offset losses but it has to be replenished with the profits to be obtained in subsequent years. This reserve can also be capitalized but its subsequent replenishment is equally mandatory. At December 31, 2015 and 2014 the legal reserve balance reached the above-mentioned limit.

c) Voluntary reserve -

At December 31, 2015 the balance of this reserve of S/29.97 million correspond to the excess of legal reserve, which is above the limit established until it reaches 20% of paid-in capital as explained above.

d) Share premium -

In July and August 2013, the Company issued 101,769,600 new common shares, equivalent to 20,353,920 ADS in two tranches (Note 23-a).

The excess of the total proceeds obtained by this transaction in comparison with the nominal value of these shares was S/1,055,488 (net of commissions and other related costs for S/48,375 and net of tax effects for S/9,840). This amount was recorded in the premium for issuance of shares in the consolidated statement of changes in equity.

At December 31, 2014 a total of 253,635,480 shares were represented by ADS (equivalent to 50,727,096 ADS at a ratio of 5 shares per ADS).

At December 31, 2015, a total of 250,860,370 shares were represented by ADSs (equivalent to 50,172,074 ADSs at a ratio of 5 shares per ADS).

In addition, in this account is recognized the difference between nominal and transaction value on additional acquisitions of shares from non-controlling interest. Detail of these transactions in 2012, 2013 and 2014 are disclosed in note 35.

e) Retained earnings -

Dividends that are distributed to shareholders other than domiciled legal entities are subject to an additional 4.1% income tax to be assumed by these shareholders and withheld by the Company. During 2015 and 2014 dividends were distributed (note 33).
 
 
-91-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
24
DEFERRED INCOME TAX
 
 
Deferred income tax is broken down by its estimated reversal period as follows:

   
At December 31,
 
   
2014
   
2015
 
   
Deferred income tax asset:
           
Reversal expected in the following 12 months
    116,700       102,396  
Reversal expected after 12 months
    35,409       71,455  
Total deferred tax asset
    152,109       173,851  
   
Deferred income tax liability:
               
Reversal expected in the following 12 months
    (50,733 )     (18,434 )
Reversal expected after 12 months
    (42,653 )     (83,230 )
Total deferred tax liability
    (93,386 )     (101,664 )
Deferred income tax (liability) asset, net
    58,723       72,187  
 
The gross movement of the deferred income tax item is as follows:

   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
   
Deferred income tax asset (liability), net as of January 1
    (17,364 )     (3,033 )     58,723  
Credit (charge) to income statement (Note 29)
    5,704       66,373       21,176  
Tax charged to other comprehensive income
    (8,159 )     (1,328 )     (7,298 )
Tax charged to equity
    9,840       -       -  
Acquisition of subsidiary (Morelco)
    -       6,156       -  
Acquisition of subsidiary (Coasin)
    -       16       -  
Acquisition of subsidiary (DSD)
    (2,499 )     -       -  
Acquisition of joint venture (Consorcio Ductos del Sur)
    -       -       312  
Acquisition of joint venture (Consorcio Panorama)
    -       -       1,164  
Recovery PPUA charged to account receivable
    -       (5,938 )     -  
Deconsolidation of SEC and LQS
    835       -       -  
Other increases
    8,610       (3,523 )     (1,890 )
Total as of December 31
    (3,033 )     58,723       72,187  

The provisional payment on absorbed profits (hereinafter PPUA) comprises the recovery of the first-category income tax (Chilean corporate tax) on own profits and profits obtained from other entities in which the entity has an interest (third-party attributable profits) and which have been partially or fully absorbed against tax losses. In 2014,VyV-DSD S.A. have recognized PPUA on carried forward tax losses of Ingeniería y Construcción Vial y Vives S.A as a result of the re-organization of the Chilean entities for S/5.9 million .

VyV – DSD S.A. has a tax goodwill credit balance (higher acquisition valued paid over the acquiree’s own tax capital) which arose from the reorganization of entities that took place in 2014, which, under Chilean applicable tax laws and regulations is not considered a loss in the period in which it is generated and was proportionally allocated to the non-monetary assets received from the acquiree up to the market price of those assets, increasing the tax cost of those assets; any reversals will affect profit or loss. The unallocated portion will be considered as deferred expenses and will be deducted as a tax expenses over a period of 10 years. The allocation performed was as follows: S/8,560 investments, S/2,114 fixed assets and S/9,768 deferred expenses (non-attributable portion).
 
 
-92-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
The movement of deferred tax assets and liabilities in the year, without taking into account the offsetting of balances, is as follows:

                           
Difference in
                         
         
Difference
   
Fair
   
Outstanding
   
depreciation
   
Receivables
   
Borrowing
             
Deferred income tax
 
Non-taxable
   
in depreciation
   
value
   
work in
   
rates of assets
   
from local
   
costs recognized
             
liability
 
income
   
rates
   
gains
   
progress
   
leased
   
Government
   
as assets
   
Others
   
Total
 
   
At January 1, 2013
    4,236       13,419       16,795       29,592       9,045       -       -       15,078       88,165  
Charge (credit) to P&L
    9,954       (270 )     34       38,448       (50 )     -       -       4,461       52,577  
Charge (credit) to OCI
    -       -       8,169       -       -       -       -       1,520       9,689  
Acquisition of DSD (Note 30-a)
    -       1,148       4,269       -       -       -       -       (835 )     4,582  
Other additions
    -       (1,176 )     (1,410 )     18,734       1,505       -       -       (16,596 )     1,057  
At December 31, 2013
    14,190       13,121       27,857       86,774       10,500       -               3,628       156,070  
   
Charge (credit) to P&L
    -       9,936       (8,585 )     (72,488 )     219       -       -       5,754       (65,164 )
Charge (credit) to OCI
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       1,328       1,328  
Reclassification of prior years
    -       13,458       (5,540 )     82       (274 )     -       -       7,777       15,503  
Other additions
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       3,047       3,047  
At December 31, 2014
    14,190       36,515       13,732       14,368       10,445       -       -       21,534       110,784  
   
Charge (credit) to P&L
    -       2,791       15,338       17,545       -       9,986       15,178       1,347       62,185  
Charge (credit) to OCI
    -       -       7,016       -       -       -       -       281       7,297  
Reclassification of prior years
    (14,190 )     5,849       (5,402 )     (6,038 )     (10,445 )     15,557       -       (11,354 )     (26,023 )
At December 31, 2015
    -       45,155       30,684       25,875       -       25,543       15,178       11,808       154,243  
 
 
-93-

 

(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
         
Accelerated
         
Outstanding
   
Provision for
                         
Deferred income tax
       
tax
   
Tax
   
work in
   
unpaid
   
Investments in
   
Tax
             
asset
 
Provisions
   
depreciation
   
losses
   
progress
   
vacations
   
subsidiaries
   
goodwill
   
Others
   
Total
 
   
At January 1, 2013
    16,727       13,006       17,936       14,193       2,936             -       6,003       70,801  
Credit (charge) to P&L
    3,788       (6,499 )     23,544       33,242       1,984       -       -       2,115       58,174  
Charge (credit) to OCI
    1,530       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       1,530  
Credit (charge) to equity (Note 21-c)
    -       -       9,840       -       -       -       -       -       9,840  
Acquisition of DSD (Note 30-a)
    -       -       -       966       684       -       -       542       2,192  
Other additions
    1,842       1,836       1,560       3,244       1,690       -       -       330       10,502  
At December 31, 2013
    23,887       8,343       52,880       51,645       7,294       -       -       8,990       153,039  
   
Credit (charge) to results
    1,579       9,054       2,492       (24,886 )     4,083       5,613       -       3,274       1,209  
Acquisition of Coasin (Note 31-a)
    16       -       -       -       -       -       -       -       16  
Acquisition of Morelco (Note 31-b)
    -       -       -       -       -       6,156       -       -       6,156  
PPUA,charged to accounts receivable
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       (5,938 )     (5,938 )
Other additions
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       (473 )     (473 )
Reclassification of prior years
    324       5,953       3,664       (2,818 )     5,596       -       -       2,783       15,502  
At December 31, 2014
    25,806       23,350       59,036       23,941       16,973       11,769       -       8,636       169,511  
   
Credit (charge) to P&L
    342       4,076       26,661       19,782       772       9,668       17,522       4,538       83,361  
Acquisition of joint venture
                                                                       
(Consorcio Panorama)
    -       -       -       -       -       1,164       -       -       1,164  
Acquisition of joint venture
                                                                       
(Consorcio Ductos del Sur)
    -       -       -       -       -       312       -               312  
Other increases
    -       -       -       -       -                       (1,892 )     (1,892 )
Reclassification of prior years
    (5,175 )     (12,534 )     29,169       (18,461 )     (2,768 )     (21,437 )     -       5,184       (26,023 )
At December 31, 2015
    20,973       14,892       114,866       25,262       14,977       1,476       17,522       16,466       226,434  
 
 
-94-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
As of December 31, 2015, total tax losses amounted to S/426 million which S/53.6 million are expected to be applied in 2016, S/72 million in 2017 and the remaining balance in the following periods (S/231 million in 2014, of which S/36 million are expected to be applied in 2015, S/92 million in 2016 and the remaining balance in the following periods).
 
25
WORKERS’ PROFIT SHARING
 
 
The distribution of profit sharing plans in the income statement as of December 31 is as follows:
 
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
   
Cost of sales
    12,990       27,396       27,618  
Administrative expenses
    3,060       9,541       7,263  
      16,050       36,937       34,881  
 
26
EXPENSES BY NATURE

For the years ended December 31, this item comprises the following:

   
Goods and
   
Administrative
 
   
services
   
expenses
 
   
2013:
           
Inventories, materials and consumables used
    1,135,811       344  
Personnel charges
    1,527,146       169,469  
Services provided by third-parties
    1,520,254       93,666  
Taxes
    8,930       614  
Other management charges
    533,544       72,413  
Depreciation
    168,090       13,389  
Amortization
    67,254       11,133  
Impairment (inventories and accounts receivable)
    2,349       764  
      4,963,378       361,792  
2014:
               
Inventories, materials and consumables used
    1,148,533       52  
Personnel charges
    1,864,053       210,028  
Services provided by third-parties
    2,105,226       120,714  
Taxes
    11,356       6,212  
Other management charges
    686,593       63,124  
Depreciation
    170,785       14,525  
Amortization
    68,089       6,641  
Impairment (inventories and accounts receivable)
    2,477       71  
      6,057,112       421,367  
2015:
               
Inventories, materials and consumables used
    1,094,836       -  
Personnel charges
    2,128,130       215,101  
Services provided by third-parties
    2,924,711       137,980  
Taxes
    37,129       1,919  
Other management charges
    651,057       30,220  
Depreciation
    199,015       18,055  
Amortization
    81,841       7,514  
Impairment (inventories and accounts receivable)
    5,823       -  
Impairment of property, plant and equipment
    7,086       2,591  
      7,129,628       413,380  
 
 
-95-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
For the years ended December 31, personnel charges comprise the following items:
 
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
   
Salaries
    1,296,908       1,579,515       1,792,723  
Social security
    100,449       133,760       177,307  
Gratuities
    106,795       134,892       135,980  
Employee's severance indemnities
    70,124       91,100       98,604  
Vacations
    57,200       69,417       79,354  
Worker's profit sharing (note 25)
    16,050       36,937       34,881  
Others
    49,089       28,460       24,382  
      1,696,615       2,074,081       2,343,231  
 
27
FINANCIAL INCOME AND EXPENSES

For the years ended December 31, these items comprise the following:
 
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
   
Financial income:
                 
Interest from loans to third parties
    16,371       899       19,749  
Interest from short-term bank deposits
    5,230       8,010       12,413  
Commissions and collaterals
    2,053       969       3,026  
Derivative financial instruments
    13,972       -       -  
Others
    2,727       1,584       2,919  
      40,353       11,462       38,107  
   
Financial expenses:
                       
Interest expense:
                       
- Bank loans
    40,000       21,307       61,397  
- Financial lease
    14,164       12,872       15,243  
- Commissions and collaterals
    5,155       4,927       9,368  
- Loans from third parties
    895       2,432       6,335  
- Interest on loans from related parties
    500       3,026       814  
- Multilateral loans
    4,975       5,022       -  
Exchange difference loss, net
    70,418       44,282       82,851  
Derivative financial instruments
    15,903       1,819       1,691  
Other financial expenses
    6,840       9,992       12,256  
Less capitalized interest
    (6,048 )     (2,863 )     (13,153 )
      152,802       102,816       176,802  
 
28
OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSES
 
At the acquisition date of CAM in 2011, as part of the purchase price allocation process and based on external lawyers reports, the Company accounted for a provision amounting to S/102.7 million for contingent liabilities mainly related to labor and tax issues considered as possible and probable as stated by IAS 37, which have expiration dates according to legal requirements between 2012 and 2016. Most of the amount shown in this account corresponds to the reversal of this provision. The amount recognized as other income and expenses mainly corresponds to the reversal of such original registry amounted to S/7.8 million in 2015 (S/9 million in 2014 and S/13.6 million in 2013, respectively); and primarily reflects the liabilities that expired under the laws of each country during year 2012, 2013 and 2014.
 
 
-96-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
During 2015 the Group received dividends from its investment in Transportadora de Gas del Perú S.A. (TGP) classified as available for sale financial assets for S/7.2 million (S/9.4 million and S/1.1 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively) and recognized a commission fee for S/7.5 million) (Note 9).

Other significant transactions that affected this category during 2015 corresponds to the gain on the fair value of the liability for put option by S/18.6 million (Note 21), the gain on sale of property, plant and equipment by S/10 million. In 2014 an impairment loss of assets for S/10.3 million was recognized.
 
29
INCOME TAX EXPENSES
 
  a)
In accordance with current legislation in Perú, Chile, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Guyana and Panamá, each Company in the Group is individually subject to the applicable taxes. Management considers that it has determined the taxable income under general income tax laws in accordance with the current tax legislation of each country.
 
  b)
Changes in the Peruvian Income Tax Law -

By means of Law No.30296 enacted on December 31, 2014 amendments to Income Tax Law have been made, which are effective starting in fiscal year 2015 onwards. Among these amendments, it should be noted the progressive reduction in the corporate income tax rate (on the Peruvian third-category income earners) from 30% to 28% for fiscal years 2015 and 2016; then a reduction to 27% for fiscal years 2017 and 2018; and a final reduction to 26% from fiscal year 2019 onwards. Tax on dividends and other forms of profit distribution, agreed on by any legal entities to individuals and non-domiciled legal persons is to be progressively increased from 4.1% to 6.8% for distributions that are agreed on or paid during fiscal years 2015 and 2016; then an increase to 8.8% for fiscal years 2017 and 2018 will be effective; and a final increase to 9.3% will be effective from fiscal year 2019 onwards. The distribution of retained earnings until December 31, 2015 will continue to be subject to a 4.1% tax even when the distribution is to be made in the subsequent years.
 
  c)
Amendments to Income Tax Law in Chile -
 
 
On September 29, 2014, Law No 20780 was enacted by which certain changes are made to the Chilean tax system, such as: changes in the Income Tax Law, VAT Law and Tax Code. Also, on February 01, 2016 Law No 20899 was enacted to simplify and define the application of the above-mentioned tax reform. With respect to income tax, two systems have been established:
 
    i)
Attributable income system: the tax rate applicable on entities will be progressively increased, 21% in 2014, 22.5% in 2015, 24% in 2016, up to 25% in 2017. Its choice is being restricted to companies whose partners are individuals domiciled or resident in Chile or individuals or legal persons non-domiciled and non-resident in Chile. This system levies the shareholders of Chilean entities with taxes on an annual basis regardless of any effective distribution of profits from the local entity; and entitles them to use the total taxes paid as income tax fiscal credit.
 
    ii)
Partially integrated system. The tax rate applicable on entities will be progressively increased, 21% in 2014, 22.5% in 2015, 24% in 2016, 25.5% in 2017, up to 27% in 2018. Subject to this system are corporations and entities in which at least one of its owners is not an individual (whether domiciled or not) or non-domiciled legal entity. This system levies the shareholders of Chilean entities that distribute dividends and entitle them to use such distribution as a fiscal credit at a 65% of the total taxes paid. This limit does not apply to investors with whom Chile had signed double taxation agreements, such as Peru.
 
-97-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)

  d)
Changes in the Income Tax Law in Colombia -

In December 2014 Law No 1739 was enacted amending the Tax Code and introducing diverse temporary changes in Income Tax, CREE (Tax on income for equity) and includes the tax on wealth (Impuesto a la Riqueza). Major changes are as follows:
 
   
Setting the CREE tax rate at 9% and creating an incremental additional overrate effective until 2018, as follows: for fiscal 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 the applicable CREE tax overrate will be 5%, 6%, 8% and 9%, respectively.
   
Starting 2015 tax losses can be offset to the CREE taxable amount.
   
The tax on wealth levies the wealth owned by an individual or legal entity that are income taxpayers; this is determined on the basis of the gross equity less current debts that are equal to or higher than a 1,000 million Colombian pesos (S/1.1 million approximately) at January 01, 2015.
   
The tax on wealth rates are marginal and cascaded in ranges of taxable base ranging from 0.2% to 1.15% in 2015, from 0.15% to 1% in 2016 and from 0.05% to 0.4% in 2017.
 
 
Based on the above, the Group has assessed the future realization of its temporary items underlying its deferred income tax based on the application of the new tax rates and is determining the required adjustments that will result from the expected changes in tax rates.
 
  e)
The income tax expense shown in the consolidated income statement comprises:
 
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
   
Current income tax
    188,027       212,569       138,154  
Deferred income tax (Note 24)
    (5,704 )     (66,373 )     (21,176 )
PPUA - subject to refund (Note 24)
    -       -       (41,359 )
Income tax expense
    182,323       146,196       75,619  
 
 
In December 2015 the subsidiary CAM Chile Spa sold its entire stake in CAM Brazil which gave rise to a tax loss of S/119 million (23,863 million Chilean pesos). This tax loss mainly resulted from the higher tax cost of the shares in this subsidiary given the fact under Chilean tax laws, the historical cost of investments overseas should be adjusted for changes in the exchange rates at each period-end; this difference is recognized as income or expense for tax purposes. In this sense, considering the weakening of the Chilean Peso against the U.S. dollar, the currency in which the investment was acquired, tax cost was significant. The PPUA recognized for this tax loss was S/19.4 million.

VyV-DSD has reported tax losses in fiscal 2015 as a result of the negative margin obtained from the higher costs incurred in project called Hidro Ñuble of S/111 million (22,205 million Chilean pesos) and for this reason it has recognized a PPUA of S/21.9 million.
 
  f)
The Group’s income tax differs from the theoretical amount that would have resulted from applying the weighted-average income tax rate applicable to the profit of the consolidated companies, as follows:
 
 
-98-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
   
Pre-tax profit
    594,467       507,428       217,331  
Income tax by applying local applicable tax rates
                       
on profit generated in the respective countries
    211,234       236,114       40,400  
Tax effect on:
                       
- Non-taxable income
    (39,494 )     (104,421 )     (3,008 )
- Associates net profit
    (9,348 )     1,790       (5,865 )
- Non-deductible expenses
    24,160       25,967       8,640  
- Unrecognized deferred tax
                       
asset income
    -       13,922       771  
- Adjustment for changes in rates of income tax
    -       (2,746 )     -  
- Tax goodwill
    -       (20,542 )     -  
- (PPUA) Excess PPUA
    -       (5,938 )     15,296  
- Prior years adjustment
    104       3,891       15,449  
- Others
    (4,333 )     (1,841 )     3,936  
Income tax charge
    182,323       146,196       75,619  
 
  g)
Peruvian tax authorities have the right to examine, and, if necessary, amend the income tax determined by the Company in the last four years - from January 1 of the year after the date when the tax returns are filed (years subject to examination). Therefore, years 2011 through 2015 are subject to examination by the tax authorities. Since differences may arise over the interpretation by the tax authorities of the regulations applicable to the Company, it is not possible at present to estimate if any additional tax liabilities will arise as a result of any eventual examinations. Any additional tax, fines and interest, if they occur, will be recognized in the results of the period when such differences with the tax authorities are resolved. Management considers that no significant liabilities will arise as a result of these possible tax examinations. Additionally, income tax returns for fiscal years 2012 to 2014 and those to be filed for fiscal year 2015 remain open for examination by the Chilean tax authorities who have the right to carry out said examination within the three years following the date the income tax returns have been filed. Fiscal years 2013 and 2014 are open for tax audit by Colombian tax authorities; fiscal 2015 will be open for audit too. Colombian tax authorities are entitled to audit two consecutive years following the date the income tax return was filed.
 
  h)
As established under regulations in force in Peru, for purposes of determining income tax and the general sales tax, transfer pricing must be taken into account for operations with related parties and/or tax havens, which must have documentation and information supporting the methods and valuation criteria applied in their determination. Peruvian tax authorities are entitled to request such information from the taxpayer.
 
  i)
Temporary tax on net assets -
 
The temporary tax on net assets is applied by the companies which operate in Peru, to third category income generators subject to the Peruvian Income Tax General Regime. Effective in the year 2012, the tax rate is 0.4%, applicable to the amount of the net assets exceeding S/1 million.
 
The amount effectively paid may be used as a credit against payments on account of income tax under the General Regime or against the provisional tax payment of the income tax of the related period.
 
 
  j)
The weighted-average tax rate was 35% (29.30% in 2014 and 30.7% in 2013). The higher income tax rate in relation with the previous year mainly reflects the lower consolidated pre-tax profits during 2015 and the net tax adjustments not accepted by the Peruvian Tax Authorities are proportionally lower than what was determined for fiscal 2014.
 
 
-99-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
30
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
 
 
The analysis of the movement is as follows:
 
                     
Exchange
       
         
Foreign
   
Increase in
   
difference from
       
   
Cash
   
currency
   
fair value of
   
net investment
       
   
flow
   
translations
   
available-for
   
in a foreign
       
   
hedge
   
adjustment
   
sale assets
   
operation (a)
   
Total
 
   
Additions (*)
    5,066       (467 )     27,229       -       31,828  
Tax effects (*)
    (1,520 )     -       (8,169 )     -       (9,689 )
Other comprehensive income
                                       
of the year
    3,546       (467 )     19,060       -       22,139  
At December 31, 2013
    (2,153 )     (5,944 )     26,520       -       18,423  
   
Additions (*)
    750       (13,086 )     4,811       (17,030 )     (24,555 )
Tax effects (*)
    (210 )     -       (1,251 )     4,428       2,967  
Adjustment for changes
                                       
in rates of income tax
    -       -       1,089       -       1,089  
Other comprehensive income
                                       
of the year
    540       (13,086 )     4,649       (12,602 )     (20,499 )
At December 31, 2014
    (1,613 )     (19,030 )     31,169       (12,602 )     (2,076 )
   
Additions (*)
    954       (30,687 )     26,991       (6,942 )     (9,684 )
Tax effects (*)
    267 )     -       (7,018 )     1,805       (5,480 )
Other comprehensive income
                                       
of the year
    687       (30,687 )     19,973       (5,137 )     (15,164 )
At December 31, 2015
    (926 )     (49,717 )     51,142       (17,739 )     (17,240 )
 
(*)
Amounts in the table above represent only amounts attributable to the Company’s controlling interest net of taxes. Below is the movement in Other Comprehensive Income for each year:

   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
 
   
Controlling interest
    22,139       (20,499 )     (15,164 )
Non-controlling interest
    (1,947 )     (7,986 )     (14,949 )
Adjustment for actuarial gains and losses, net of tax
    (4,591 )     (1,332 )     (2,921 )
Total value in OCI
    15,601       (29,817 )     (33,034 )
 
 
At December 31, 2015 the balance comprises the effect of exchange difference of S/15.3 million (S/10.6 million at December 31, 2014) resulting from a loan denominated in foreign currency granted by GyM S.A. to its subsidiary GyM Chile S.p.A for the acquisition of VyV - DSD S.A and an exchange difference of S/2.5 million (S/1.9 million at December 31, 2014) resulting from a loan granted by the Company to CAM Holding S.p.A. (Note 2.4-c).

The exchange difference recognized in other comprehensive income will be reclassified to the statement of income upon sale of the foreign operation.
 
31
CONTINGENCIES, COMMITTMENTS AND GUARANTEES

a) Tax contingencies -

As a result of the tax audits of fiscal 1999, 2001 and 2010 on subsidiary GyM S.A., SUNAT issued tax determination and tax penalties resolutions amounting to approximately S/24.5 million (S/21 million as of December 31, 2014). In 2015 an administrative challenge court action has been brought against the Judiciary regarding the outcome of the tax audit for fiscal 1999. The other actions continue to in progress.

 
-100-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
Additionally, during fiscal 2014 the joint operations in which subsidiary GyM S.A takes part has filed claims with SUNAT for the outcome of the tax audit of fiscal 2012 involving a maximum exposure at December 31, 2015 of S/4.4 million.

During the year 2014, the subsidiary GMD S.A., was audited by the Peruvian Tax Authority (SUNAT) for fiscal year 2011 and SUNAT issued tax determination and tax penalties. The maximum amount of exposure was S/2.3 million. The outcome of this action was ultimately favorable to the entity and was concluded in fiscal 2015 without involving any cash outflows.

Management expects the outcome of the other court actions will be favorable to the Company considering their nature and characteristics as well as the opinion of its legal advisor.

b) Other contingencies -

Year 2015 -

   
i)
Civil court actions mainly involving costs and damages and contract terminations as well as work accidents amounting to S/1.1 million (S/0.5 million for GyM S.A., S/0.3 million for Concar SA. and S/0.3 million for Viva GyM).

   
ii)
Arbitration processes amounting to S/122.3 million related to an action brought by Contugas S.A.C. and IMECON S.A. against the court action brought by GyM S.A. involving recognition of expenses and indemnification for costs and damages for S/112.3 million and S/10 million, respectively.

   
iii)
Challenge administrative actions amounting to S/4 million, comprising an action brought by the Peruvian mining and energy regulator - OSINERMIN for the alleged noncompliance of GMP S.A. and Consorcio Terminales).

   
iv)
Administrative actions amounting to S/3.1 million (S/2 million comprising an action brought by the Peruvian Mining and Energy regulator (OSINERMIN or OEFA) for the alleged noncompliance of GMP S.A., Consorcio Terminales and Terminales del Peru; S/0.9 million of GyM Ferrovías S.A. comprising an action brought by Municipality of La Victoria, Lima, Villa María del Triunfo and San Juan de Lurigancho for property tax; and S/.0.2 million compromising action brought against Morelco S.A.S.

   
v)
Labor-related processes amounting to S/3.7 million (S/1.4 million were actions against Vial y Vives-DSD S.A., S/0.9 million against GMP S.A., S/0.6 million against GyM S.A, S/0.2 million against GMD S.A, S/0.2 million against Concar S.A, S/0.1 million against Stracon GyM S.A. and S/0.1 million against CAM Perú S.A.).

Year 2014 -

   
i)
Civil court actions mainly involving costs and damages and contract terminations as well as work accidents amounting to S/5.8 million (S/3.0 million for GyM S.A., S/2.5 million for GMI SA. and S/0.27 million for Viva GyM).

   
ii)
Arbitration processes amounting to S/110.59 million related to an action brought by Contugas S.A.C. against the court action brought by GyM S.A. involving recognition of expenses and indemnification for costs and damages.

   
iii)
Challenge administrative actions amounting to S/1.1 million (S/0.8 million comprising an action brought by the Peruvian mining and energy regulator (OSINERMIN) for the alleged noncompliance of GMP S.A. and Consorcio Terminales and S/0.2 million of GyM S.A. comprising an action brought by the Peruvian Labor Ministry).
 
 
-101-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
   
iv)
Administrative actions amounting to S/1.8 million (S/0.9 comprising an action brought by the Peruvian agency for the protection of the consumer ("Instituto Nacional de Defensa de la Competencia y de la Protección de la Propiedad Intelectual- INDECOPI) against Viva GyM S.A. for the alleged lack of adequate construction techniques and finishing implemented in housing developments).

   
v)
Labor-related processes amounting to S/2.8 million (S/2.5 million were actions against GMP S.A., S/0.12 million against Cam Peru S.A. and S/0.14 million against GyM S.A.).

Management considers that the above-described actions brought against Group companies will be found baseless given their nature.

c) Commitments and Collaterals -

As of December 31, 2015, the Group has collaterals with different financial institutions securing transactions for a total US$27.4 million (US$21.6 million and S/535.5 million as of December 31, 2014).
 
32
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
 
a) Acquisition of Morelco S.A.S.
 
In December 23, 2014, through subsidiary GyM S.A. the Company obtained control of Morelco S.A.S. (Morelco) by acquiring 70.00% of its capital shares. Morelco is an entity domiciled in Colombia that is mainly engaged in providing construction and assembly services. This acquisition is part of the Group’s plan to increase its presence in markets that present high growth potential as in Colombia, and in attractive industries, such as mining and energy.

At December 31, 2014 the Company determined goodwill resulting from this acquisition on the basis of an estimated purchase price of US$93.7 million (equivalent to S/277.1 million), which included cash payments made for US$78.5 million and cash payable estimated to be US$15.1 million (equivalent to S/45.7 million ), which, under the agreement of the parties, would be defined after a review of the acquiree’s balance sheet, mainly working capital, cash and financial debt as well as the final carrying amount of the acquiree’s work backlog. The estimated purchase price was allocated to the provisional carrying amounts of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. As a result of this allocation, goodwill of US$36.1 million (equivalent to S/105.8 million) was determined.

In 2015 as part of the review of the provisional allocation of the purchase price, the following situations arose:
(a) The balance at December 31,2014 of the consideration payable of US$15 million (S/45 million) was adjusted to US$9.1 million (S/32 million). As a result of the final determination of the working capital, cash and financial debt balances of US$10.8 million, which was paid in 2015 in the form of a special dividend distribution that the acquiree, Morelco, declared and paid out to the selling shareholders and the adjustment for the final value of the business backlog of the acquiree, which resulted in a right of reimbursement to GyM of US$1.7 million, with respect to the initial payment made to the selling shareholders; and
(b) The provisional fair values of certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed were reviewed.

As a result of the above, the purchase price was adjusted to US$87.5 million (equivalent to S/258.6 million); the provisional fair values of certain asset and liabilities were modified, giving rise to an adjustment of goodwill to US$35.2 million (equivalent to S/103 million).
 
 
-102-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
The table below summarizes the consideration paid by Morelco and the determination of the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as well as a non-cotrolling interest at the date of acquisition:
 
     
Provisional values
   
Final amounts
     
S/
     
US$000
     
S/
     
US$000
 
                                 
Cash and cash equivalents
    69,930       23,514       69,930       23,514  
Trade receivables
    92,138       30,981       67,716       22,769  
Work in progress remaining to collect
                               
from customers
    101,533       34,140       110,777       37,248  
Other accounts receivables
    63,949       21,503       63,949       21,504  
Inventories
    18,037       6,065       18,037       6,065  
Prepaid expenses
    2,133       717       2,127       715  
Financial asset through profit or loss
    7,291       2,452       5,747       1,932  
Property, plant and equipment
    70,756       23,792       69,081       23,228  
Intangibles
    64,491       21,685       64,491       21,685  
Deferred income tax asset
    8,031       2,700       24,560       8,258  
Other short-term financial liabilities
    (31,204 )     (10,492 )     (31,204 )     (10,492 )
Other long-term financial liabilities
    (9,315 )     (3,132 )     (9,315 )     (3,132 )
Trade accounts payables
    (103,739 )     (34,882 )     (102,438 )     (34,444 )
Other accounts payable
    (87,863 )     (29,544 )     (87,863 )     (29,544 )
Contingent liabilities
    (17,533 )     (5,895 )     (24,993 )     (8,404 )
Deferred income tax liabilities
    (3,801 )     (1,278 )     (18,404 )     (6,188 )
Fair value of net assets
    244,834       82,326       222,198       74,714  
                                 
Non-controlling interest (30.00%)
    (73,450 )     (24,697 )     (66,659 )     (22,414 )
Goodwill (Note 17)
    105,764       36,118       103,055       35,240  
Purchase consideration
    277,148       93,747       258,594       87,540  
                                 
Cash paid at year-end
    231,464       78,462       231,464       78,462  
Cash and cash equivalents of the acquired
                               
subsidiary
    (69,930 )     (23,514 )     (69,930 )     (23,514 )
Direct cash outflows for acquisition for the year
    161,534       54,948       161,534       54,948  

Acquisition-related costs of S/4.5 million have been recognized to 2014’s profits within administrative expenses.

If Morelco had been consolidated from January 1, 2014 revenue and profit would have been S/722.57 million and S/80.8 million, respectively.

Put and call options of non-controlling interest -

Under the shareholder agreement signed for the acquisition of Morelco, the subsidiary GyM signed a purchase-sale agreement for 30% of Morelco’s capital stock held by the non-controlling shareholders. By this agreement, the non-controlling shareholders obtain a right to sell their shares over a period and for an amount set in the agreement (put option). The period to exercise the option begins on the second anniversary of the acquisition of the option and expires on its tenth anniversary. The option exercise price is based on a EBITDA multiple less the net debt and until months 51 and 63 until from the date of the agreement a minimum amount is set that is based on the price per share that GyM paid to buy 70% of Morelco’s share capital.
On the other hand, the subsidiary GyM obtains call option to buy those shares over a period of 10 years and at a price that is determined the same way as the put option price is determined, except for the fact the minimum amount is effective for the entire effective period of the option (call option).

Under the IFRS framework, the put option is for the Company an obligation to purchase non-controlling interest shares, and therefore, the Group recognizes a liability measured on the basis of the fair value of that option. Since the Group arrived at the conclusion that as a result of this agreement, it did not obtained the risks and rewards inherent to the ownership of this share package underlying the option, initial recognition of this liability was a charge to equity of controlling shareholders within other reserves.
 
 
-103-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
The amount of the liability arising from the put option was estimated at the present value of the redemption amounts expected on the basis of the weighted average forecast profits to be obtained by Morelco and the exercise rights of the option. The Company expects that purchase options are to be exercise at the date following the date of transfer. The expected redemption of the non-controlling interest is as follows: 41.66% in the second year, 41.66% in the fourth year and the remaining shares will be sold on the fifth anniversary of the option grant date. The discount rate used to determine the present value of the expected redemption amounts is a risk-free rate available to comparable market participants and indicates the fact that all risks have been included in the weighted estimates of future cash flows. At December 31, 2015 the liability is estimated to be S/113.5 million, using a 0.65% discount rate for the first year, 1.31% discount rate for the third year and 1.76% for the fourth year (at December 31, 2014 it was S/113.8 million at a 1.65% discount rate). In 2015 the change in the liability amount includes the passage of time component, of S/2.1 million that is included within financial expenses and an estimate updating component with an effect of S/18.6 million that is included within Other income and expenses in profit and loss (Note 21).
 
 
b) Acquisition of Coasin Instalaciones Ltda.
 
In March 2014, through the subsidiary CAM Chile S.A., the Group acquired control of Coasin Instalaciones Limited with the purchase of 100.00% of its capital shares. Coasin is an entity incorporated in Chile and is mainly engaged in providing installation and maintenance services for networks and equipment related to the telecommunications industry. This acquisition is part of the Group’s plan to increase its presence in markets that present high growth potential as in Chile, and in other attractive industries, such as utilities. During a period of twelve months after the date of acquisition, the Group reviewed the allocation of the purchase price for the acquisition of Coasin Instalaciones Limitada.

Over a period of twelve months after the acquisition, Group reviewed the allocation of the purchase price and fair values determined provisionally for certain assets and liabilities. As a result of this process, the amount of goodwill was changed to US$2.2 million (equivalent to S/6.4 million).
 
      Provisional values       Final amounts  
      S/       US$000       S/       US$000  
                                 
Cash and cash equivalents
    3       1       3       1  
Trade accounts receivables
    4,675       1,564       3,811       1,275  
Inventories
    276       92       276       92  
Prepaid expenses
    33       11       33       11  
Property, plant and equipment
    711       238       711       238  
Intangibles
    1,377       461       1,377       461  
Deferred income tax liability
    (178 )     (60 )     16       4  
Trade accounts payables
    (3,592 )     (1,202 )     (3,592 )     (1,202 )
Contingent liabilities
    (2,658 )     (889 )     (2,658 )     (889 )
Fair value of net assets (provisional)
    647       216       (23 )     (9 )
                                 
Goodwill (Note 17)
    5,743       1,921       6,413       2,146  
Consideration provided for the acquisition
    6,390       2,137       6,390       2,137  
                                 
Payment for the acquisition settled in cash
    6,390       2,137       6,390       2,137  
Cash and cash equivalents of the subsidiary
                               
acquired
    (3 )     (1 )     (3 )     (1 )
Direct outflow of cash for the acquisition
    6,387       2,136       6,387       2,136  
 
Revenue and profit resulting for the period between the date of acquisition and December 31, 2014 amounted to S/66.3 million and S/0.7 million, respectively.
 
 
-104-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
c) Acquisition of DSD Construcciones y Montajes S.A. (DSD)
In August 2013, through the subsidiaries GyM Minería S.A., Ingeniería y Construcción Vial y Vives S.A. and GyM Chile S.p.A., the Group acquired control of DSD with the purchase of 85.95% of its equity shares. DSD is an entity domiciled in Chile whose main economic activity is the execution of electromechanical works and assemblies in construction projects of oil refineries, pulp and paper, power plants and mining plants.

This acquisition is part of the Group’s plan to increase its presence in markets that present high growth potential as in Chile, and in attractive industries, such as mining and energy.

During the twelve-month period after the acquisition date, the Group reviewed the allocation of the purchase price for the acquisition of DSD Construcciones y Montajes S.A. carried out in August 2014 and modified goodwill for a net decrease of S/1.7 million (net of tax impact of S/0.5 million and non-controlling interest of S/0.3 million) adjusting the values of fixed assets, intangibles, trade receivables, other receivables and contingent liabilities for S/0.4 million, S/1.9 million, S/0.2 million, S/3.5 million and S/3 million, respectively.

The consideration provided by GyM to purchase DSD Construcciones y Montajes S.A. amounted to US$37.2 million (equivalent to S/103.9 million). The final attribution of the price paid between fair values after the review period resulted in the recognition of goodwill for S/6.1 million which is illustrated below:
 
     
Provisional values
   
Final amounts
     
S/
     
US$000
     
S/
     
US$000
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
    15,530       5,562       15,530       5,562  
Trade accounts receivables
    74,502       26,684       74,317       26,618  
Receivables from related parties
    6,605       2,366       10,083       3,611  
Prepaid expenses
    1,032       369       1,032       369  
Investments
    2,608       935       2,608       935  
Property, plant and equipment
    52,504       18,805       52,922       18,955  
Intangibles
    5,741       2,056       7,591       2,719  
Deferred income tax assets
    2,192       785       2,192       785  
Trade accounts payables
    (5,328 )     (1,908 )     (5,328 )     (1,908 )
Other accounts payables
    (38,679 )     (13,854 )     (38,679 )     (13,854 )
Contingent liabilities
    (815 )     (292 )     (3,846 )     (1,378 )
Deferred income tax liability
    (4,187 )     (1,500 )     (4,692 )     (1,681 )
Fair value of net assets
    111,705       40,008       113,730       40,733  
                                 
Non-controlling interest (14.05%)
    (15,701 )     (5,624 )     (15,986 )     (5,725 )
Goodwill (Note 17)
    7,868       2,802       6,128       2,178  
Total paid for the purchase
    103,872       37,186       103,872       37,186  
                                 
Cash payment for acquisition
    103,872       37,186       103,872       37,186  
Cash and cash equivalents of the
                               
acquired subsidiary
    (15,530 )     (5,562 )     (15,530 )     (5,562 )
Direct outflow of cash flows for the acquisition
    88,342       31,624       88,342       31,624  
 
 
Acquisition related costs of S/0.7 million have been charged to administrative expenses in the consolidated income statement for such year.

Revenue and profit generated for the period between the date of acquisition to December 31, 2013 were S/82.9 million and S/8.3 million, respectively.

If DSD Construcciones y Montajes S.A. would have been consolidated since January 1, 2013, the revenue and profit generated would have been S/182.7 million and S/10.2 million, respectively.
 
 
-105-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
33
DIVIDENDS
 
 
At the General Shareholders’ meeting held on March 27, 2015 the decision was made to distribute dividends for S/104,911 (S/0.159 per share), which correspond to 2014 earnings.

At the General Shareholders’ meeting held on March 28, 2014, the decision was made to distribute dividends amounting to S/112,127 (S/0.169 per share), corresponding to 2013 earnings.

At the General Shareholders’ meeting held on March 26, 2013, the decision was made to distribute dividends amounting to S/86,985 (S/0.156 per share), corresponding to 2012 earnings.

A dividend of S/0.0467 per share, amounting to S/30,854 will be proposed at the Annual General Shareholders’ meeting which will be held on March 29, 2016. The financial statements do not reflect these dividends payable. 
 
34
EARNINGS PER SHARE
 
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit of the period attributable to common shareholders of the Group by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. No diluted earnings per common share were calculated because there are no common or investment shares with potential dilutive effects (i.e., financial instruments or agreements that give the right to obtain common or investment shares); therefore, it is equal to basic earnings per share. The basic earnings per share are broken down as follows:
 
    2013     2014     2015  
Profit attributable to the controlling interest in the Company     320,016       299,743       88,154  
Weighted average number of shares in issue at S/1.00 each, at December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015)     600,346,925       660,053,790       660,053,790  
Basic and diluted earnings per share (in S/)     0.533       0.454       0.134  
 
35
TRANSACTIONS WITH NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS

a) Additional acquisition of non-controlling interest
 
  i)
In January 2015, the Company acquired 0.102% of additional shares in GyM S.A. at a price of S/1.87 million. The carrying amount of non-controlling interest at the acquisition date was S/0.97 million. The Group eliminated the non-controlling interest and recognized a decrease in equity attributable to the parent owners of S/0.89 million.
     
  ii)
In July 2014, GyM S.A. acquired 13.49% of additional shares in Stracon GyM at a price of US$24.9 million (equivalent to S/72.8 million). The carrying amount of non-controlling interest at the acquisition date was S/22.5 million. The Group eliminated the non-controlling interest and recognized a decrease in equity attributable to the parent owners of S/50.7 million.
     
  iii)
In August, November and December 2014, the Company acquired 4.567% (2.25%, 1.95% and 0.367% respectively) additional shares in GyM S.A. at a total purchase price of S/93.2 million. The carrying amount of the non-controlling interest at the acquisition date was S/24.6 million. The Group eliminated non-controlling interest and recognized a decrease in equity attributable to the owners of the parent for S/71.5 million.
     
  iv)
In August 2014, the Company acquired 1.37% additional shares in Viva GyM S.A. at a price of S/9.4 million. The carrying amount of the non-controlling interest at the acquisition date was S/3.4 million. The Group eliminated non-controlling interest and recorded a decrease in equity attributable to the parent owners of S/6.03 million.
 
 
-106-

 
 
(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
  v)
In 2013, the Company acquired additional shares of Ingeniería y Contrucción Vial y Vives S.A., GMD S.A., Viva GyM S.A., and Concar S.A. representing the 6.4%; 0.47%; 0.13% and 0.18% of their corresponding issued shares. The carrying amount of the non-controlling interests in such subsidiaries was S/9.5 million and the purchase consideration was S/2.4 million. The Group derecognized non-controlling interest and accounted a decrease in equity attributable to owners of the Parent of S/2.9 million.
     
  vi)
In 2013, the Company acquired an additional 16.9% of the outstanding shares of Norvial S.A from the former shareholder Besco S.A. at the purchase consideration of S/51.4 million. The carrying amount of the no-controlling interests at the acquisition date was S/19.7 milion. The Group derecognized its non-controlling interest and recorded a decrease in equity attributable to owners of the Parent of S/31.7 million.
 
The effect of these changes is broken down as follows:
 
    2013     2014    
2015
 
                         
Carrying amount of non-controlling interest acquired
    29,257       50,109       971  
Consideration provided for non-controlling interest
    (63,868 )     (178,331 )     (1,865 )
Higher payment attributable to the Company’s
                       
controlling interest
    (34,611 )     (128,222 )     (894 )

b) Disposal of interests in subsidiary without loss of control
 
  i)
In March 2015, GyM S.A. sold 0.048% (S/97) of its total 87.64% interest held in Stracon GyM for a payment of S/377. The carrying amount of this non-controling interest in Stracon GyM at the date of disposal was S/23.7 million (a 12.36% interest).
     
  ii)
In June 2015, GyM S.A. sold 1.92% (S/385) of its total 82.04% interest held in VyV - DSD S.A. for a payment of S/385. The carrying amount of this non-controling interest in VyV - DSD S.A. a date of disposal was S/3.6 million (a 17.96% interest).
     
  iii)
In April 2015, CAM Holding Spa sold a 2.45% (S/2,045) of its total 75.61% interest held in CAM Chile S.A. for S/880. The carrying amount of the non-controlling interest in CAM Chile at the disposal date was S/20.4 million (a 24.39% interest).
     
  iv)
In November 2014, GyM Chile Spa sold 1.01% (S/1.6 million) of its total 82.04% interest held in Vial y Vives - DSD for a total US$0.582 million (equivalent to S/1.6 million). The carrying amount of this non-controlling interest in Vial y Vives – DSD at the date of disposal was S/1.6 million
 
The effect of this changes at December 31 is summarized below:
 
    2014     2015  
             
Carrying amount of the non-controlling interest sold
    (1,627 )     (2,527 )
Consideration received from non-controlling interest
    1,627       1,642  
Decrease in equity of the Company‘s controlling interest
    -       (885 )
 
No transactions involving non-controlling interest were entered into over 2013.
 
 
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(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
c) Effects of transactions with non-controlling interests on equity attributable to Parent owners for the year ended December 31:
 
    2013     2014     2015  
                   
Changes in equity attributable to the Company’s
                 
controlling interest arising from:
                 
Acquisition of additional interest in subsidiary
    (34,611 )     (128,222 )     (894 )
Disposal of interest in subsidiary without losing control
    -       -       (885 )
Decrease in equity of the Company’s controlling interest
    (34,611 )     (128,222 )     (1,779 )

d) Contributions of non-controlling shareholders

Mainly correspond to the contributions made by the partners of subsidiary Viva GyM S.A. for their real estate projects. At December 31 the amounts contributed were the following:
 
    2013     2014     2015  
                   
Contributions from Viva GyM S.A.
    59,387       48,793       20,446  
Returns of contributions
    (24,613 )     (4,240 )     (14,987 )
Contribution of non-controlling shareholders – Viva GyM
    34,774       44,553       5,459  
                         
Plus:
                       
Contributions from CAM Servicios Perú S.A.
    -       -       1,272  
Contributions from Promotora Larcomar S.A.
    -       -       3,598  
Contributions from GyM Ferrovías S.A.
    -       2,823       -  
Increase in equity of non controlling parties
    34,774       47,376       10,329  

Return of contributions mainly consist of profits attributable to housing Project called El Agustino I until 2013, which has already been completed and most of the appartments have already been handed to related customers; also, this balance comprises project Villa El Salvador 1, which has been partially handed over at December 31, 2015.
 
e) Deconsolidation of subsidiaries 
 
In 2014 the Group assessed its interest in the joint venture “Red Vial 1 – Cusco”, which was considered and reported as a subsidiary at December 31, 2013. As a result of this assessment, the Group concluded that the rights entitled in such business do not grant control, joint control or significant influence. In addition Management´s conclusion is that Company´s interest in this business is that of a financial asset (receivable). In 2014, assets and liabilities of “Red Víal 1 - Cusco” previously consolidated and the non-controlling interest amounted to S/2,284 which was eliminated.

In 2013 the Group assessed its interests in Concesión La Chira S.A. and Logistica Quimica del Sur S.A.C (LQS). The interests in these concessions were accounted for as if they were under control of the Group (subsidiaries). Subsequent that assessment it was determined that the interests correspond to a joint operation and joint venture, respectively under the provisions of IFRS 11. As of December 31, 2013 assets and liabilities of non-controlling interest amounted to S/12,535 for La Chira and S/6,842 for LQS.

f) Dividends
 
At December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 dividends were distributed for S/4.5 million, S/68.1 million and S/51.8 million, respectively.
 
 
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(All amounts are expressed in thousands of S/ unless otherwise stated)
 
36
EVENTS AFTER THE DATE OF THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION

In December 2015 the Company signed a medium-term loan agreement of US$200 million with Credit Suisse AG at a rate of 3.9% + Libor 3m; the loan managing agent was Credit Suisse AG and the loan structuring agent was Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC. Capital raised is intended to finance the interest of subsidiary Negocios de Gas S.A. in Gasoducto Sur Peruano S.A., a concessionaire of the Project to improve energy continuity and development of the Southern Peruvian gas pipeline (“Proyecto Mejoras a la Seguridad Energética del País y Desarrollo del Gasoducto Sur Peruano”). In February 2016, the Company has partially received U$120 million of the total subscribed contract.

On January 4, 2016 the Company subscribed 8,929 new common share of the capital stock of Adexus S.A, based in Chile; as a result, the Company’s interest increased from 44% to 52%. The total investment in this share subscription was approximately US$2.5 million.
 
 
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