10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)
☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                       

Commission file numbers:

001-36873 (Summit Materials, Inc.)

333-187556 (Summit Materials, LLC)

SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC.

SUMMIT MATERIALS, LLC

(Exact name of registrants as specified in their charters)

Delaware (Summit Materials, Inc.)	47-1984212
Delaware (Summit Materials, LLC)	26-4138486
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
1801 California Street, Suite 3500	80202
Denver, Colorado	(Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive offices)

Registrants’ telephone number, including area code: (303) 893-0012

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class	Trading symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock (par value $.01 per share)	SUM	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Summit Materials, Inc.	Yes	☒	No	☐	Summit Materials, LLC	Yes	☒	No	☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S‑T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Summit Materials, Inc.	Yes	☒	No	☐	Summit Materials, LLC	Yes	☒	No	☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Summit Materials, Inc.
Large accelerated filer	☒				Accelerated filer		☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐				Smaller reporting company		☐
					Emerging growth company		☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.									☐
Summit Materials, LLC
Large accelerated filer	☐				Accelerated filer		☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒				Smaller reporting company		☐
					Emerging growth company		☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.									☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Summit Materials, Inc.	Yes	☐	No	☒	Summit Materials, LLC	Yes	☐	No	☒

As of October 31, 2023, the number of shares of Summit Materials, Inc.’s outstanding Class A and Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share for each class, was 119,460,587 and 99, respectively.

As of October 31, 2023, 100% of Summit Materials, LLC’s outstanding limited liability company interests were held by Summit Materials Intermediate Holdings, LLC, its sole member and an indirect subsidiary of Summit Materials, Inc.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q (this “report”) is a combined quarterly report being filed separately by two registrants: Summit Materials, Inc. and Summit Materials, LLC. Each registrant hereto is filing on its own behalf all of the information contained in this report that relates to such registrant. Each registrant hereto is not filing any information that does not relate to such registrant, and therefore makes no representation as to any such information. We believe that combining the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q of Summit Materials, Inc. and Summit Materials, LLC into this single report eliminates duplicative and potentially confusing disclosure and provides a more streamlined presentation since a substantial amount of the disclosure applies to both registrants.

Unless stated otherwise or the context requires otherwise, references to “Summit Inc.” mean Summit Materials, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and references to “Summit LLC” mean Summit Materials, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. The references to Summit Inc. and Summit LLC are used in cases where it is important to distinguish between them. We use the terms “we,” “our,” “us” or “the Company” to refer to Summit Inc. and Summit LLC together with their respective subsidiaries, unless otherwise noted or the context otherwise requires.

Summit Inc. was formed on September 23, 2014 to be a holding company. As of September 30, 2023, its sole material asset was a 99.1% economic interest in Summit Materials Holdings L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“Summit Holdings”). Summit Inc. has 100% of the voting rights of Summit Holdings, which is the indirect parent of Summit LLC. Summit LLC is a co-issuer of our outstanding 6 1/2 % senior notes due 2027 (“2027 Notes”) and our 5 1/4% senior notes due 2029 (“2029 Notes” and collectively with the 2027 Notes, the “Senior Notes”). Summit Inc.’s only revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was that generated by Summit LLC and its consolidated subsidiaries. Summit Inc. controls all of the business and affairs of Summit Holdings and, in turn, Summit LLC.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the federal securities laws, which involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include all statements that do not relate solely to historical or current facts, and you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,” “intends,” “trends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “projects” or “anticipates” or similar expressions that concern our strategy, plans, expectations or intentions. All statements made relating to our estimated and projected earnings, margins, costs, expenditures, cash flows, growth rates and financial results are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We derive many of our forward-looking statements from our operating budgets and forecasts, which are based upon many detailed assumptions. While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable, it is very difficult to predict the effect of known factors, and, of course, it is impossible to anticipate all factors that could affect our actual results. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included herein, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that the results or conditions described in such statements or our objectives and plans will be realized. Important factors could affect our results and could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements, including but not limited to the factors discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in Summit Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 (the “Annual Report”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), the factors discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors” of this report and the following:

•our dependence on the construction industry and the strength of the local economies in which we operate, including residential;

•the cyclical nature of our business;

•risks related to weather and seasonality;

•risks associated with our capital-intensive business;

•competition within our local markets;

•our ability to execute on our acquisition strategy and portfolio optimization strategy, successfully integrate acquisitions with our existing operations and retain key employees of acquired businesses;

•our dependence on securing and permitting aggregate reserves in strategically located areas;

•the impact of rising interest rates, and diminished liquidity and credit availability in the market broadly;

•declines in public infrastructure construction and delays or reductions in governmental funding, including the funding by transportation authorities, the federal government and other state agencies particularly;

•our reliance on private investment in infrastructure, which may be adversely affected by periods of economic stagnation and recession;

•environmental, health, safety and climate change laws or governmental requirements or policies concerning zoning and land use;

•rising prices for, or more limited availability of, commodities, labor and other production and delivery inputs as a result of inflation, supply chain challenges or otherwise;

•conditions in the credit markets;

•our ability to accurately estimate the overall risks, requirements or costs when we bid on or negotiate contracts that are ultimately awarded to us;

•material costs and losses as a result of claims that our products do not meet regulatory requirements or contractual specifications;

•cancellation of a significant number of contracts or our disqualification from bidding for new contracts;

•special hazards related to our operations that may cause personal injury or property damage not covered by insurance;

•unexpected factors affecting self-insurance claims and reserve estimates;

•our current level of indebtedness, including our exposure to variable interest rate risk;

•our dependence on senior management and other key personnel, and our ability to retain and attract qualified personnel;

•supply constraints or significant price fluctuations in the electricity and petroleum-based resources that we use, including diesel and liquid asphalt;

•climate change and climate change legislation or other regulations;

•unexpected operational difficulties;

•costs associated with pending and future litigation;

•interruptions in our information technology systems and infrastructure, including cybersecurity and data leakage risks;

•potential labor disputes, strikes, other forms of work stoppage or other union activities;

•the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and responses to it, including vaccine mandates, or any similar crisis, on our activities; and

•material or adverse effects related to the pending Argos USA combination.

All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us, or persons acting on our behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements.

Any forward-looking statement that we make herein speaks only as of the date of this report. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

 CERTAIN DEFINITIONS

As used in this report, unless otherwise noted or the context otherwise requires:

•“EBITDA” refers to net income (loss) before interest expense (income), income tax expense (benefit) and depreciation, depletion and amortization;

•“Finance Corp.” refers to Summit Materials Finance Corp., an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Summit LLC and the co-issuer of the Senior Notes;

•“LP Units” refers to the Class A limited partnership units of Summit Holdings; and

•“TRA” refers to a tax receivable agreement between Summit Inc. and certain current and former holders of LP Units and their permitted assignees.

Corporate Structure

The following chart summarizes our organizational structure, equity ownership and our principal indebtedness as of September 30, 2023. This chart is provided for illustrative purposes only and does not show all of our legal entities or all obligations of such entities.

(1)SEC registrant.

(2)The shares of Class B Common Stock are currently held by pre-IPO investors, including certain members of management or their family trusts that directly hold LP Units. A holder of Class B Common Stock is entitled, without regard to the number of shares of Class B Common Stock held by such holder, to a number of votes that is equal to the aggregate number of LP Units held by such holder.

(3)Guarantor under the senior secured credit facilities, but not the Senior Notes.

(4)Summit LLC and Finance Corp are the issuers of the Senior Notes and Summit LLC is the borrower under our senior secured credit facilities. Finance Corp. was formed solely for the purpose of serving as co-issuer or guarantor of certain indebtedness, including the Senior Notes. Finance Corp. does not and will not have operations of any kind and does not and will not have revenue or assets other than as may be incidental to its activities as a co-issuer or guarantor of certain indebtedness.

SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC.

SUMMIT MATERIALS, LLC 

FORM 10-Q 

TABLE OF CONTENTS  

		Page No.
PART I—Financial Information
Item 1.	Financial Statements for Summit Materials, Inc.	1
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 (unaudited) and December 31, 2022	1
	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022	2
	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022	3
	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022	4
	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022	5
	Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	7
	Financial Statements for Summit Materials, LLC	22
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	22
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	39
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	39
PART II — Other Information
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	40
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	40
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	44
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	44
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	44
Item 5.	Other Information	44
Item 6.	Exhibits	45
SIGNATURES		47

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(unaudited)		(audited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	197,475	$	520,451
Accounts receivable, net	375,929		256,669
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	40,985		6,510
Inventories	243,136		212,491
Other current assets	17,976		20,787
Current assets held for sale	1,702		1,468
Total current assets	877,203		1,018,376
Property, plant and equipment, less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization (September 30, 2023 - $1,387,348 and December 31, 2022 - $1,267,557)	1,974,532		1,813,702
Goodwill	1,241,472		1,132,546
Intangible assets, less accumulated amortization (September 30, 2023 - $18,115 and December 31, 2022 - $15,503)	68,814		71,384
Deferred tax assets, less valuation allowance (September 30, 2023 - $1,113 and December 31, 2022 - $1,113)	113,362		136,986
Operating lease right-of-use assets	38,380		37,889
Other assets	51,201		44,809
Total assets	$	4,364,964	$	4,255,692
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	$	3,822	$	5,096
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	7,028		13,718
Accounts payable	173,127		104,031
Accrued expenses	147,619		119,967
Current operating lease liabilities	8,745		7,296
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	8,539		5,739
Total current liabilities	348,880		255,847
Long-term debt	1,488,069		1,488,569
Acquisition-related liabilities	27,633		29,051
Tax receivable agreement liability	52,143		327,812
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	34,838		35,737
Other noncurrent liabilities	105,668		106,686
Total liabilities	2,057,231		2,243,702
Commitments and contingencies (see note 12)
Stockholders’ equity:
Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 1,000,000,000 shares authorized, 119,112,950 and 118,408,655 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	1,192		1,185
Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 250,000,000 shares authorized, 99 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022	—		—
Additional paid-in capital	1,415,320		1,404,122
Accumulated earnings	873,773		590,895
Accumulated other comprehensive income	3,296		3,084
Stockholders’ equity	2,293,581		1,999,286
Noncontrolling interest in Summit Holdings	14,152		12,704
Total stockholders’ equity	2,307,733		2,011,990
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	4,364,964	$	4,255,692

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

1

SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts) 

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Revenue:
Product	$	641,778	$	587,138	$	1,609,664	$	1,485,746
Service	100,182		98,871		219,939		224,676
Net revenue	741,960		686,009		1,829,603		1,710,422
Delivery and subcontract revenue	52,837		66,738		129,732		149,826
Total revenue	794,797		752,747		1,959,335		1,860,248
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Product	412,784		392,187		1,086,299		1,042,888
Service	77,538		76,011		173,568		179,807
Net cost of revenue	490,322		468,198		1,259,867		1,222,695
Delivery and subcontract cost	52,837		66,738		129,732		149,826
Total cost of revenue	543,159		534,936		1,389,599		1,372,521
General and administrative expenses	50,895		39,232		150,731		136,897
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	57,452		52,133		163,133		150,483
Transaction costs	17,442		727		19,518		2,637
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment	(2,134)		(1,343)		(5,787)		(6,293)
Operating income	127,983		127,062		242,141		204,003
Interest expense	28,013		21,980		83,335		62,728
Loss on debt financings	—		—		493		—
Tax receivable agreement (benefit) expense	(153,080)		—		(153,080)		954
Gain on sale of businesses	—		(4,115)		—		(174,373)
Other income, net	(3,583)		(3,283)		(14,771)		(4,956)
Income from operations before taxes	256,633		112,480		326,164		319,650
Income tax expense	23,908		24,829		39,923		74,033
Net income	232,725		87,651		286,241		245,617
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in Summit Holdings	2,680		1,162		3,363		3,307
Net income attributable to Summit Inc.	$	230,045	$	86,489	$	282,878	$	242,310
Earnings per share of Class A common stock:
Basic	$	1.93	$	0.72	$	2.38	$	2.01
Diluted	$	1.92	$	0.72	$	2.37	$	2.00
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock:
Basic	119,013,331		119,896,272		118,874,967		120,345,015
Diluted	119,725,693		120,383,312		119,558,974		121,078,150

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

2

SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In thousands) 

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Net income	$	232,725	$	87,651	$	286,241	$	245,617
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(3,810)		(10,247)		295		(14,113)
Less tax effect of other comprehensive income (loss) items	738		2,470		(80)		3,404
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(3,072)		(7,777)		215		(10,709)
Comprehensive income	229,653		79,874		286,456		234,908
Less comprehensive income attributable to Summit Holdings	2,638		1,048		3,366		3,151
Comprehensive income attributable to Summit Inc.	$	227,015	$	78,826	$	283,090	$	231,757

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

3

SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands) 

	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	286,241	$	245,617
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	168,758		160,162
Share-based compensation expense	15,116		15,058
Net gain on asset and business disposals	(5,790)		(180,240)
Non-cash loss on debt financings	161		—
Change in deferred tax asset, net	23,540		58,318
Other	(105)		(396)
Decrease (increase) in operating assets, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts receivable, net	(107,349)		(96,724)
Inventories	(23,935)		(53,762)
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	(34,463)		(32,042)
Other current assets	4,438		(6,961)
Other assets	2,208		3,432
(Decrease) increase in operating liabilities, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts payable	48,524		44,510
Accrued expenses	19,034		(21,780)
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	2,812		646
Tax receivable agreement benefit	(153,080)		954
Other liabilities	(2,486)		(4,601)
Net cash provided by operating activities	243,624		132,191
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(239,508)		(1,933)
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(182,182)		(189,008)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment	9,760		8,298
Proceeds from sale of businesses	—		373,790
Other	(3,602)		(2,214)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(415,532)		188,933
Cash flows from financing activities:
Debt issuance costs	(1,566)		—
Payments on debt	(8,520)		(113,769)
Purchase of tax receivable agreement interests	(122,935)		—
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	(12,203)		(12,964)
Distributions from partnership	(60)		(399)
Repurchases of common stock	—		(100,980)
Proceeds from stock option exercises	112		199
Other	(6,011)		(774)
Net cash used in financing activities	(151,183)		(228,687)
Impact of foreign currency on cash	115		(1,732)
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(322,976)		90,705
Cash and cash equivalents—beginning of period	520,451		380,961
Cash and cash equivalents—end of period	$	197,475	$	471,666

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

4

SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

(In thousands, except share amounts) 

	Summit Materials, Inc.
			Accumulated
			Other		Class A			Class B			Additional		Noncontrolling		Total
	Accumulated		Comprehensive		Common Stock			Common Stock			Paid-in		Interest in		Stockholders’
	Earnings		income		Shares	Dollars		Shares	Dollars		Capital		Summit Holdings		Equity
Balance - December 31, 2022	$	590,895	$	3,084	118,408,655	$	1,185	99	$	—	$	1,404,122	$	12,704	$	2,011,990
Net loss	(30,804)		—		—	—		—	—		—		(408)		(31,212)
LP Unit exchanges	—		—		2,000	—		—	—		21		(21)		—
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—		161		—	—		—	—		—		3		164
Stock option exercises	—		—		902	—		—	—		15		—		15
Share-based compensation	—		—		—	—		—	—		4,708		—		4,708
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	—		—		407,114	4		—	—		(5,680)		(43)		(5,719)
Balance — April 1, 2023	$	560,091	$	3,245	118,818,671	$	1,189	99	$	—	$	1,403,186	$	12,235	$	1,979,946
Net income	83,637		—		—	—		—	—		—		1,091		84,728
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—		3,081		—	—		—	—		—		42		3,123
Stock option exercises	—		—		3,338	—		—	—		69		—		69
Share-based compensation	—		—		—	—		—	—		5,216		—		5,216
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	—		—		64,265	1		—	—		893		(12)		882
Balance — July 1, 2023	$	643,728	$	6,326	118,886,274	$	1,190	99	$	—	$	1,409,364	$	13,356	$	2,073,964
Net income	230,045		—		—	—		—	—		—		2,680		232,725
LP Unit exchanges	—		—		174,258	2		—	—		1,776		(1,778)		—
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		(3,030)		—	—		—	—		—		(42)		(3,072)
Stock option exercises	—		—		1,167	—		—	—		28		—		28
Share-based compensation	—		—		—	—		—	—		5,192		—		5,192
Distributions from partnership	—		—		—	—		—	—		—		(60)		(60)
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	—		—		51,251	—		—	—		(1,040)		(4)		(1,044)
Balance - September 30, 2023	$	873,773	$	3,296	119,112,950	$	1,192	99	$	—	$	1,415,320	$	14,152	$	2,307,733

5

	Summit Materials, Inc.
			Accumulated
			Other		Class A			Class B			Additional		Noncontrolling		Total
	Accumulated		Comprehensive		Common Stock			Common Stock			Paid-in		Interest in		Stockholders’
	Earnings		income		Shares	Dollars		Shares	Dollars		Capital		Summit Holdings		Equity
Balance — January 1, 2022	$	478,956	$	7,083	118,705,108	$	1,188	99	$	—	$	1,326,340	$	9,645	$	1,823,212
Net loss	(34,292)		—		—	—		—	—		—		(508)		(34,800)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—		1,306		—	—		—	—		—		19		1,325
Stock option exercises	—		—		1,589	—		—	—		27		—		27
Share-based compensation	—		—		—	—		—	—		5,422		—		5,422
Repurchases of common stock	(47,494)		—		(1,506,878)	(15)		—	—		(121)		121		(47,509)
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	—		—		842,029	8		—	—		(1,120)		(68)		(1,180)
Balance — April 2, 2022	$	397,170	$	8,389	118,041,848	$	1,181	99	$	—	$	1,330,548	$	9,209	$	1,746,497
Net income	190,113		—		—	—		—	—		—		2,653		192,766
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		(4,196)		—	—		—	—		—		(61)		(4,257)
Stock option exercises	—		—		4,929	—		—	—		96		—		96
Share-based compensation	—		—		—	—		—	—		4,734		—		4,734
Distributions from partnership	—		—		—	—		—	—		—		(25)		(25)
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	—		—		67,835	1		—	—		997		(7)		991
Balance — July 2, 2022	$	587,283	$	4,193	118,114,612	$	1,182	99	$	—	$	1,336,375	$	11,769	$	1,940,802
Net income	86,489		—		—	—		—	—		—		1,162		87,651
LP Unit exchanges	—		—		2,000	—		—	—		34		(34)		—
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		(7,663)		—	—		—	—		—		(114)		(7,777)
Stock option exercises	—		—		3,580	—		—	—		76		—		76
Share-based compensation	—		—		—	—		—	—		4,902		—		4,902
Repurchases of common stock	(53,452)		—		(1,920,632)	(19)		—	—		(198)		198		(53,471)
Distributions from partnership	—		—		—	—		—	—		—		(374)		(374)
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	—		—		187,409	2		—	—		(587)		—		(585)
Balance — October 1, 2022	$	620,320	$	(3,470)	116,386,969	$	1,165	99	$	—	$	1,340,602	$	12,607	$	1,971,224

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

6

SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in tables in thousands, except per share amounts or otherwise noted)

1.SUMMARY OF ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Summit Materials, Inc. (“Summit Inc.” and, together with its subsidiaries, “Summit,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company”) is a vertically-integrated construction materials company. The Company is engaged in the production and sale of aggregates, cement, ready-mix concrete, asphalt paving mix and concrete products and owns and operates quarries, sand and gravel pits, two cement plants, cement distribution terminals, ready-mix concrete plants, asphalt plants and landfill sites. It is also engaged in paving and related services. The Company’s three operating and reporting segments are the West, East and Cement segments.

Substantially all of the Company’s construction materials, products and services are produced, consumed and performed outdoors, primarily in the spring, summer and fall. Seasonal changes and other weather-related conditions can affect the production and sales volumes of its products and delivery of services. Therefore, the financial results for any interim period are typically not indicative of the results expected for the full year. Furthermore, the Company’s sales and earnings are sensitive to national, regional and local economic conditions, weather conditions and to cyclical changes in construction spending, among other factors.

Summit Inc. is a holding corporation operating and controlling all of the business and affairs of Summit Materials Holdings L.P. (“Summit Holdings”) and its subsidiaries, and through Summit Holdings conducts its business. Summit Inc. owns the majority of the partnership interests of Summit Holdings (see Note 9, Stockholders’ Equity). Summit Materials, LLC (“Summit LLC”), an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Summit Holdings, conducts the majority of our operations. Summit Materials Finance Corp. (“Summit Finance”), an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Summit LLC, has jointly issued our Senior Notes as described below.

Basis of Presentation—These unaudited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures typically included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company continues to follow the accounting policies set forth in those audited consolidated financial statements.

Management believes that these consolidated interim financial statements include all adjustments, normal and recurring in nature, that are necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2023, the results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022 and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022.

Principles of Consolidation—The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Summit Inc. and its majority owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

For a summary of the changes in Summit Inc.’s ownership of Summit Holdings, see Note 9, Stockholders’ Equity.

Use of Estimates—Preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities and reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of accounts receivable, inventories, valuation of deferred tax assets, goodwill, intangibles and other long-lived assets, tax receivable agreement ("TRA") liability, pension and other postretirement obligations and asset retirement obligations. Estimates also include revenue earned on contracts and costs to complete contracts. Most of the Company’s paving and related services are performed under fixed unit-price contracts with state and local governmental entities. Management regularly evaluates its estimates and assumptions based on historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results can differ significantly from estimates made. Changes in estimates, including

7

those resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment, are reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements when the change in estimate occurs.

Business and Credit Concentrations—The Company’s operations are conducted primarily across 21 U.S. states and in British Columbia, Canada, with the most significant revenue generated in Texas, Utah, Kansas and Missouri. The Company’s accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts due from customers within these areas. Therefore, collection of these accounts is dependent on the economic conditions in the aforementioned states, as well as specific situations affecting individual customers. Credit granted within the Company’s trade areas has been granted to many customers, and management does not believe that a significant concentration of credit exists with respect to any individual customer or group of customers. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 or October 1, 2022.

Revenue Recognition—We earn revenue from the sale of products, which primarily include aggregates, cement, ready-mix concrete and asphalt, but also include concrete products and plastics components, and from the provision of services, which are primarily paving and related services, but also include landfill operations, the receipt and disposal of waste that is converted to fuel for use in our cement plants.

Products: Revenue for product sales is recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied, which generally is when the product is shipped. 

Services: We earn revenue from the provision of services, which are primarily paving and related services, which are typically calculated using monthly progress based on a method similar to percentage of completion or a customer’s engineer review of progress.

The majority of our construction service contracts are completed within one year, but may occasionally extend beyond this time frame. The majority of our construction service contracts are for work that occurs mostly during the spring, summer and fall. We generally measure progress toward completion on long-term paving and related services contracts based on the proportion of costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion.

Estimating costs to be incurred for revenue recognition involves the use of various estimating techniques to project costs at completion, and in some cases includes estimates of recoveries asserted against the customer for changes in specifications or other disputes.

Earnings per Share—The Company computes basic earnings per share attributable to stockholders by dividing income attributable to Summit Inc. by the weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution beyond shares for basic earnings per share that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised, converted into common stock, or resulted in the issuance of common stock that would have shared in the Company’s earnings. Since the Class B common stock has no economic value, those shares are not included in the weighted-average common share amount for basic or diluted earnings per share. In addition, as the shares of Class A common stock are issued by Summit Inc., the earnings and equity interests of noncontrolling interests are not included in basic earnings per share.

Prior Year Reclassifications — We have reclassified transaction costs of $0.7 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, respectively, from general and administrative expenses to a separate line item included in operating income to conform to the current year presentation.

2.ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSITIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES

The financial results of each acquisition have been included in the Company’s consolidated results of operations beginning on the respective closing dates of the acquisitions. The Company measures all assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their acquisition-date fair value. Goodwill acquired during a business combination has an indefinite life and is not amortized.

The following table summarizes the Company’s acquisitions by region and period:

	Nine months ended	Year ended
	September 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
West	3	—
East	1	2

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The purchase price allocation, primarily the valuation of property, plant and equipment for the acquisitions completed during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as well as the acquisitions completed during 2022 that occurred after October 1, 2022, have not yet been finalized due to the recent timing of the acquisitions, status of the valuation of property, plant and equipment and finalization of related tax returns. The following table summarizes aggregated information regarding the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the respective acquisition dates:

	Nine months ended		Year ended
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Financial assets	$	12,747	$	297
Inventories	6,694		161
Property, plant and equipment	124,051		30,041
Other assets	1,550		1,116
Financial liabilities	(11,973)		(1,120)
Other long-term liabilities	(768)		(1,589)
Net assets acquired	132,301		28,906
Goodwill	108,803		—
Purchase price	241,104		28,906
Acquisition-related liabilities	—		(6,176)
Other	(1,596)		—
Net cash paid for acquisitions	$	239,508	$	22,730

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, by reportable segment, from December 31, 2022 to September 30, 2023 are summarized as follows:

	West		East		Cement		Total
Balance—December 31, 2022	$	566,389	$	361,501	$	204,656	$	1,132,546
Acquisitions (1)	108,803		—		—		108,803
Foreign currency translation adjustments	123		—		—		123
Balance—September 30, 2023	$	675,315	$	361,501	$	204,656	$	1,241,472

_______________________________________________________________________

(1) Reflects goodwill from 2023 acquisitions.

The Company’s intangible assets subject to amortization are primarily composed of operating permits, mineral lease agreements and reserve rights. Operating permits relate to permitting and zoning rights acquired outside of a business combination. The assets related to mineral lease agreements reflect the submarket royalty rates paid under agreements, primarily for extracting aggregates. The values were determined as of the respective acquisition dates by a comparison of market-royalty rates. The reserve rights relate to aggregate reserves to which the Company has certain rights of ownership, but does not own the reserves. The intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lives of the leases or permits. The following table shows intangible assets by type and in total:

	September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Gross  Carrying  Amount		Accumulated  Amortization		Net  Carrying  Amount		Gross  Carrying  Amount		Accumulated  Amortization		Net  Carrying  Amount
Operating permits	$	38,677	$	(5,291)	$	33,386	$	38,677	$	(4,109)	$	34,568
Mineral leases	17,778		(7,452)		10,326		18,091		(7,056)		11,035
Reserve rights	25,586		(4,814)		20,772		25,242		(3,872)		21,370
Other	4,888		(558)		4,330		4,877		(466)		4,411
Total intangible assets	$	86,929	$	(18,115)	$	68,814	$	86,887	$	(15,503)	$	71,384

Amortization expense totaled $0.8 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $0.8 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, respectively. The estimated amortization expense for the intangible assets for each of the five years subsequent to September 30, 2023 is as follows:

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2023 (three months)	$	1,001
2024	4,011
2025	3,969
2026	3,920
2027	3,908
2028	3,910
Thereafter	48,095
Total	$	68,814

In September 2023, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire all of the outstanding equity interests of Argos North America Corp. (“Argos USA”) in a cash and stock transaction valued at $3.2 billion. Argos USA is among the largest cement producers with four integrated cement plants and approximately 140 ready-mix plants in the Southeast, Mid-Atlantic and Texas geographies. Under the terms of the agreement, the shareholders of Argos USA will receive approximately $1.2 billion in cash subject to closing adjustments and approximately 54.7 million shares of the Company's Class A common stock. In connection with the agreement, the Company has obtained committed financing in the form of a $1.3 billion 364-day term loan bridge facility to finance the cash consideration to be paid to the shareholders of Argos USA. The Company expects to enter into permanent financing agreements prior to the transaction closing, which would reduce any amounts that may ultimately be borrowed under the term loan bridge facility. The transaction closing is expected to occur prior to the end of the first quarter of 2024, subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approvals and approval by the Company's stockholders.

3.REVENUE RECOGNITION

We derive our revenue predominantly by selling construction materials, products and providing paving and related services. Construction materials consist of aggregates and cement. Products consist of related downstream products, including ready-mix concrete, asphalt paving mix and concrete products. Paving and related service revenue is generated primarily from the asphalt paving services that we provide.

Revenue by product for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022 is as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Revenue by product*:
Aggregates	$	179,819	$	163,524	$	505,984	$	448,397
Cement	115,135		112,489		267,755		241,858
Ready-mix concrete	213,325		189,081		551,673		530,001
Asphalt	117,896		106,804		236,340		218,083
Paving and related services	110,370		120,327		226,928		249,547
Other	58,252		60,522		170,655		172,362
Total revenue	$	794,797	$	752,747	$	1,959,335	$	1,860,248

*Revenue from liquid asphalt terminals is included in asphalt revenue.

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: 

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Trade accounts receivable	$	305,436	$	215,766
Construction contract receivables	64,438		37,067
Retention receivables	13,165		11,048
Accounts receivable	383,039		263,881
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts	(7,110)		(7,212)
Accounts receivable, net	$	375,929	$	256,669

Retention receivables are amounts earned by the Company but held by customers until paving and related service contracts and projects are near completion or fully completed. Amounts are generally billed and collected within one year.

4.INVENTORIES

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Inventories consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: 

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Aggregate stockpiles	$	165,071	$	148,347
Finished goods	43,316		33,622
Work in process	11,220		8,191
Raw materials	23,529		22,331
Total	$	243,136	$	212,491

5.ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accrued expenses consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Interest	$	10,677	$	24,625
Payroll and benefits	48,595		34,485
Finance lease obligations	3,399		6,959
Insurance	23,874		18,127
Current portion of TRA liability and non-income taxes	14,349		4,360
Deferred asset purchase payments	5,892		5,131
Professional fees	11,980		924
Other (1)	28,853		25,356
Total	$	147,619	$	119,967

(1)Consists primarily of current portion of asset retirement obligations and miscellaneous accruals.

6.DEBT

Debt consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: 

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Term Loan, due 2027:
$505.7 million and $509.6 million, net of $4.2 million and $5.0 million discount at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	$	501,492	$	504,549
61⁄2% Senior Notes, due 2027	300,000		300,000
51⁄4% Senior Notes, due 2029	700,000		700,000
Total	1,501,492		1,504,549
Current portion of long-term debt	3,822		5,096
Long-term debt	$	1,497,670	$	1,499,453

The contractual payments of long-term debt, including current maturities, for the five years subsequent to September 30, 2023, are as follows:

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2023 (three months)	$	1,274
2024	3,822
2025	6,369
2026	5,096
2027	789,177
2028	—
Thereafter	700,000
Total	1,505,738
Less: Original issue net discount	(4,246)
Less: Capitalized loan costs	(9,601)
Total debt	$	1,491,891

Senior Notes— On August 11, 2020, Summit LLC and Summit Finance (together, the “Issuers”) issued $700.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.250% senior notes due January 15, 2029 (the “2029 Notes”). The 2029 Notes were issued at 100.0% of their par value with proceeds of $690.4 million, net of related fees and expenses. The 2029 Notes were issued under an indenture dated August 11, 2020 (the "2029 Notes Indenture"). The 2029 Notes Indenture contains covenants limiting, among other things, Summit LLC and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred shares, pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions, make certain investments, sell or transfer certain assets, create liens, consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets, enter into certain transactions with affiliates, and designate subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries. The 2029 Notes Indenture also contains customary events of default. Interest on the 2029 Notes is payable semi-annually on January 15 and July 15 of each year commencing on January 15, 2021.

On March 15, 2019, the Issuers issued $300.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.500% senior notes due March 15, 2027 (the “2027 Notes”). The 2027 Notes were issued at 100.0% of their par value with proceeds of $296.3 million, net of related fees and expenses. The 2027 Notes were issued under an indenture dated March 25, 2019, the terms of which are generally consistent with the 2029 Notes Indenture. Interest on the 2027 Notes is payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15 of each year commencing on September 15, 2019.

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the applicable indentures.

Senior Secured Credit Facilities— Summit LLC has credit facilities that provide for term loans in an aggregate amount of $505.7 million and revolving credit commitments in an aggregate amount of $395.0 million (the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”). Under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, required principal repayments of 0.25% of the refinanced aggregate amount of term debt are due on the last business day of each March, June, September and December commencing with the March 2023 payment. The interest rate on the term loan is a variable rate, it was 8.57% as of September 30, 2023. In 2022, the Company repaid $95.6 million of its term loan under provisions related to divestitures of businesses.

On December 14, 2022, Summit Materials, LLC entered into Amendment No. 5 to the credit agreement governing the Senior Secured Credit Facilities (the “Credit Agreement”), which among other things, (a) refinanced the existing $509.6 million of existing term loans with new term loans under the Term Loan Facility bearing interest, at Summit LLC’s option, based on either the base rate or Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") rate and an applicable margin of (i) 2.00% per annum with respect to base rate borrowings and a floor of 1.00% per annum or (ii) 3.00% per annum with respect to Term SOFR borrowings, with a SOFR adjustment of 0.10% per annum and a floor of zero, and (b) extended the maturity date to December 14, 2027.

On January 10, 2023, Summit Materials, LLC entered into Amendment No. 6 to the Credit Agreement, which among other things, increased the maximum amount available to $395.0 million and extended the maturity date to January 10, 2028. The revolving credit agreement bears interest per annum equal to a Term SOFR Rate with a SOFR adjustment of 0.10% per annum and a floor of zero.

There were no outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, with borrowing capacity of $374.1 million remaining as of September 30, 2023, which is net of $20.9 million of outstanding letters of credit. The outstanding letters of credit are renewed annually and support required bonding on construction projects, large leases, workers compensation claims and the Company’s insurance liabilities.

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Summit LLC’s Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio, as such term is defined in the Credit Agreement, should be no greater than 4.75:1.0 as of each quarter-end. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Summit LLC was in compliance with all financial covenants.

Summit LLC’s wholly-owned domestic subsidiary companies, subject to certain exclusions and exceptions, are named as subsidiary guarantors of the Senior Notes and the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. In addition, Summit LLC has pledged substantially all of its assets as collateral, subject to certain exclusions and exceptions, for the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.

In September 2023, in connection with our agreement to combine with Argos USA, we obtained a $1.3 billion 364-day term loan bridge facility commitment from various financial institutions. The term loan bridge facility may only be drawn to close the transaction. We expect to obtain permanent financing prior to our combination with Argos USA, at which time the term loan bridge facility commitment will expire.

The following table presents the activity for the deferred financing fees for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022:

	Deferred financing fees
Balance—December 31, 2022	$	11,489
Loan origination fees	1,566
Amortization	(1,838)
Write off of deferred financing fees	(160)
Balance—September 30, 2023	$	11,057
Balance—January 1, 2022	$	13,049
Amortization	(2,028)
Balance—October 1, 2022	$	11,021

Other—On January 15, 2015, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary in British Columbia, Canada entered into an agreement with HSBC Bank Canada, which was amended on November 30, 2020, for a (i) $6.0 million Canadian dollar (“CAD”) revolving credit commitment to be used for operating activities that bears interest per annum equal to the bank’s prime rate plus 0.20%, (ii) $0.5 million CAD revolving credit commitment to be used for capital equipment that bears interest per annum at the bank’s prime rate plus 0.20% and (iii) $1.5 million CAD revolving credit commitment to provide guarantees on behalf of that subsidiary and (iv) $10.0 million CAD revolving foreign exchange facility available to purchase foreign exchange forward contracts. There were no amounts outstanding under this agreement as of September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022, which may be terminated upon demand.

7.INCOME TAXES

Summit Inc.’s tax provision includes its proportional share of Summit Holdings’ tax attributes. Summit Holdings’ subsidiaries are primarily limited liability companies but do include certain entities organized as C corporations and a Canadian subsidiary. The tax attributes related to the limited liability companies are passed on to Summit Holdings and then to its partners, including Summit Inc. The tax attributes associated with the C corporation and Canadian subsidiaries are fully reflected in the Company’s accounts.

Our income tax expense was $23.9 million and $39.9 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and our income tax expense was $24.8 million and $74.0 million in the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, respectively. The effective tax rate for Summit Inc. differs from the federal statutory tax rate primarily due to (1) the non-taxability of the tax receivable agreement benefit (2) tax depletion expense in excess of the expense recorded under U.S. GAAP, (3) basis differences in assets divested, (4) state taxes, (5) the minority interest in the Summit Holdings partnership that is allocated outside of the Company and (6) various other items such as limitations on meals and entertainment, certain stock compensation and other costs.

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Summit Inc. had a valuation allowance of $1.1 million in both periods, which relates to certain deferred tax assets in taxable entities where realization is not more likely than not.

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No material interest or penalties were recognized in income tax expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022.

Tax Receivable Agreement—The Company is party to a TRA with certain current and former holders of LP Units that provides for the payment by Summit Inc. to exchanging holders of LP Units of 85% of the benefits, if any, that Summit Inc. actually realizes (or, under certain circumstances such as an early termination of the TRA, is deemed to realize) as a result of increases in the tax basis of tangible and intangible assets of Summit Holdings and certain other tax benefits related to entering into the TRA, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the TRA.

In the third quarter of 2023, Summit LLC reached an agreement to acquire all of the rights and interests in the TRA from affiliates of Blackstone Inc. and certain other TRA holders for cash consideration of $122.9 million. In connection with these transactions, Summit LLC and Summit Inc. reached an agreement whereby the maximum amount Summit Inc. is obligated to pay Summit LLC for the TRA interests acquired is limited to the amount Summit LLC paid for the TRA interests. As the cash paid for TRA interests acquired was less than their carrying value, Summit Inc. recognized a tax receivable agreement benefit of $153.1 million in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations.

In the nine months ended September 30, 2023, 176,258 LP Units were acquired by Summit Inc. in exchange for an equal number of newly-issued shares of Summit Inc.’s Class A common stock. Subsequent to quarter end, an additional 345,554 LP units were exchanged for an equal amount of newly issued shares of Summit Inc.'s Class A common stock, and Summit LLC. Summit LLC then acquired the interest in the TRA interests from certain of those holders for aggregate cash consideration of $9.5 million, resulting in further reduction of the TRA liability of approximately $19.3 million.

Changes in the balance of the TRA liability, from December 31, 2022 to September 30, 2023 are summarized as follows:

	TRA Liability
Balance — December 31, 2022	$	328,356
LP unit exchanges during period	1,146
Purchase of TRA interests	(122,935)
TRA liability reduction	(153,080)
TRA liability payments	(544)
Total	52,943
Less current portion	800
Balance — September 30, 2023	$	52,143

Tax Distributions – The holders of Summit Holdings’ LP Units, including Summit Inc., incur U.S. federal, state and local income taxes on their share of any taxable income of Summit Holdings. The limited partnership agreement of Summit Holdings provides for pro rata cash distributions (“tax distributions”) to the holders of the LP Units in an amount generally calculated to provide each holder of LP Units with sufficient cash to cover its tax liability in respect of the LP Units. In general, these tax distributions are computed based on Summit Holdings’ estimated taxable income allocated to Summit Inc. multiplied by an assumed tax rate equal to the highest effective marginal combined U.S. federal, state and local income tax rate in New York, New York. In the nine months ended September 30, 2023, Summit Holdings paid tax distributions of approximately $4.5 million, of which $0.1 million was paid to holders of its LP Units not owned by Summit Inc. In the nine months ended October 1, 2022, Summit Holdings made a tax distribution of approximately $34.2 million, of which $0.4 million went to LP units not owned by Summit Inc.

8.EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average common shares outstanding and diluted net earnings is computed by dividing net earnings, adjusted for changes in the earnings allocated to Summit Inc. as a result of the assumed conversion of LP Units, by the weighted-average common shares outstanding assuming dilution.

The following table shows the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

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	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Net income attributable to Summit Inc.	$	230,045	$	86,489	$	282,878	$	242,310
Weighted average shares of Class A stock outstanding	118,928,799		119,753,806		118,780,523		120,196,211
Add: Nonvested restricted stock awards of retirement eligible shares	84,532		142,466		94,444		148,804
Weighted average shares outstanding	119,013,331		119,896,272		118,874,967		120,345,015
Basic earnings per share	$	1.93	$	0.72	$	2.38	$	2.01
Diluted net income attributable to Summit Inc.	$	230,045	$	86,489	$	282,878	$	242,310
Weighted average shares outstanding	119,013,331		119,896,272		118,874,967		120,345,015
Add: stock options	122,753		78,799		108,024		93,993
Add: warrants	15,578		10,790		13,943		12,202
Add: restricted stock units	356,286		279,684		376,221		485,174
Add: performance stock units	217,745		117,767		185,819		141,766
Weighted average dilutive shares outstanding	119,725,693		120,383,312		119,558,974		121,078,150
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.92	$	0.72	$	2.37	$	2.00

Excluded from the above calculations were the shares noted below as they were antidilutive:

	Three months ended		Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023	October 1, 2022	September 30, 2023	October 1, 2022
Antidilutive shares:
LP Units	1,303,990	1,312,795	1,308,417	1,313,601

9.STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

During 2023, certain limited partners of Summit Holdings exchanged their LP Units for shares of Class A common stock of Summit Inc. Subsequent to September 30, 2023, an additional 345,554 LP units were exchanged for shares of Class A common stock.

In March 2022, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program, whereby we can repurchase up to $250 million of our Class A common stock. As of September 30, 2023, there was $149.0 million available for purchase, upon which they will be retired.

The following table summarizes the changes in our ownership of Summit Holdings:

	Summit Inc. Shares (Class A)	LP Units	Total	Summit Inc. Ownership Percentage
Balance — December 31, 2022	118,408,655	1,312,004	119,720,659	98.9	%
Exchanges during period	176,258	(176,258)	—
Stock option exercises	5,407	—	5,407
Other equity transactions	522,630	—	522,630
Balance — September 30, 2023	119,112,950	1,135,746	120,248,696	99.1	%
Balance — January 1, 2022	120,684,322	1,314,006	121,998,328	98.9	%
Exchanges during period	2,000	(2,000)	—
Stock option exercises	10,098	—	10,098
Repurchases of common stock	(3,427,510)	—	(3,427,510)
Other equity transactions	1,097,273	—	1,097,273
Balance — October 1, 2022	118,366,183	1,312,006	119,678,189	98.9	%

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Summit Inc. is Summit Holdings’ primary beneficiary and thus consolidates Summit Holdings in its consolidated financial statements with a corresponding noncontrolling interest reclassification, which was 0.9% and 1.1% as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) —The changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consisted of the following:

	Change in  retirement plans		Foreign currency  translation  adjustments		Accumulated  other  comprehensive  income (loss)
Balance — December 31, 2022	$	6,356	$	(3,272)	$	3,084
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax	—		212		212
Balance — September 30, 2023	$	6,356	$	(3,060)	$	3,296
Balance — January 1, 2022	$	1,508	$	5,575	$	7,083
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax	—		(10,553)		(10,553)
Balance — October 1, 2022	$	1,508	$	(4,978)	$	(3,470)

10.SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

Supplemental cash flow information is as follows:

	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Cash payments:
Interest	$	88,400	$	70,184
Payments for income taxes, net	13,602		15,888
Operating cash payments on operating leases	7,578		7,112
Operating cash payments on finance leases	400		890
Finance cash payments on finance leases	6,137		13,465
Non cash investing and financing activities:
Accrued liabilities for purchases of property, plant and equipment	$	22,244	$	16,778
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	6,371		13,302
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for finance leases obligations	413		258
Exchange of LP Units to shares of Class A common stock	5,527		62

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11.LEASES

We lease construction and office equipment, distribution facilities and office space. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less, including month to month leases, are not recorded on the balance sheet. Lease expense for short-term leases is recognized on a straight line basis over the lease term. For lease agreements we have entered into or reassessed, we combine lease and nonlease components. While we also own mineral leases for mining operations, those leases are outside the scope of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-2, Leases (Topic 842). Assets acquired under finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment.

Many of our leases include options to purchase the leased equipment. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The components of lease expense were as follows:

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	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,903	$	2,398	$	8,241		$	7,181
Variable lease cost	39		70		103			225
Short-term lease cost	13,238		11,916		30,692			31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483		1,235		2,015			4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118		239		399			879
Total lease cost	$	16,781	$	15,858	$	41,450		$	43,980
					September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets					$	38,380		$	37,889
Current operating lease liabilities					$	8,745		$	7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities					34,838			35,737
Total operating lease liabilities					$	43,583		$	43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross					$	20,030		$	32,119
Less accumulated depreciation					(9,893)			(14,992)
Property and equipment, net					$	10,137		$	17,127
Current finance lease liabilities					$	3,399		$	6,959
Long-term finance lease liabilities					5,180			7,167
Total finance lease liabilities					$	8,579		$	14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases					8.4			9.1
Finance lease					3.4			2.8
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases					5.1		%	4.7		%
Finance leases					5.9		%	5.3		%
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:
					Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023 (three months)					$	2,739		$	1,283
2024					10,294			3,052
2025					8,165			2,435
2026					6,414			990
2027					4,760			760
2028					3,450			513
Thereafter					17,600			570
Total lease payments					53,422			9,603
Less imputed interest					(9,839)			(1,024)
Present value of lease payments					$	43,583		$	8,579

12.COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company is party to certain legal actions arising from the ordinary course of business activities. Accruals are recorded when the outcome is probable and can be reasonably estimated. While the ultimate results of claims and litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, management expects that the ultimate resolution of all current pending or threatened claims and

18

litigation will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity. The Company records legal fees as incurred.

In March 2018, we were notified of an investigation by the Canadian Competition Bureau (the “CCB”) into pricing practices by certain asphalt paving contractors in British Columbia, including Winvan Paving, Ltd. (“Winvan”). We believe the investigation is focused on time periods prior to our April 2017 acquisition of Winvan and we are cooperating with the CCB. Although we currently do not believe this matter will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations, we are currently not able to predict the ultimate outcome or cost of the investigation.

Environmental Remediation and Site Restoration —The Company’s operations are subject to and affected by federal, state, provincial and local laws and regulations relating to the environment, health and safety and other regulatory matters. These operations require environmental operating permits, which are subject to modification, renewal and revocation. The Company regularly monitors and reviews its operations, procedures and policies for compliance with these laws and regulations. Despite these compliance efforts, risk of environmental liability is inherent in the operation of the Company’s business, as it is with other companies engaged in similar businesses and there can be no assurance that environmental liabilities or noncompliance will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

The Company has asset retirement obligations arising from regulatory and contractual requirements to perform reclamation activities at the time certain quarries and landfills are closed. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, $36.3 million and $36.3 million, respectively, were included in other noncurrent liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets and $5.3 million and $4.0 million, respectively, were included in accrued expenses for future reclamation costs. The total undiscounted anticipated costs for site reclamation as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were $123.1 million and $124.9 million, respectively.

Other—The Company is obligated under various firm purchase commitments for certain raw materials and services that are in the ordinary course of business. Management does not expect any significant changes in the market value of these goods and services during the commitment period that would have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. The terms of the purchase commitments generally approximate one year.

13.FAIR VALUE

Fair Value Measurements—Certain acquisitions made by the Company require the payment of contingent amounts of purchase consideration. These payments are contingent on specified operating results being achieved in periods subsequent to the acquisition and will only be made if earn-out thresholds are achieved. Contingent consideration obligations are measured at fair value each reporting period. Any adjustments to fair value are recognized in earnings in the period identified.

The fair value of contingent consideration as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities and Accrued expenses:
Contingent consideration	$	139	$	336
Acquisition-related liabilities and Other noncurrent liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	9,296	$	4,981

The fair value of contingent consideration was based on unobservable, or Level 3, inputs, including projected probability-weighted cash payments and a 10.0% discount rate, which reflects a market discount rate. Changes in fair value may occur as a result of a change in actual or projected cash payments, the probability weightings applied by the Company to projected payments or a change in the discount rate. Significant increases or decreases in any of these inputs in isolation could result in a lower, or higher, fair value measurement. There were no material valuation adjustments to contingent consideration as of September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022.

Financial Instruments—The Company’s financial instruments include debt and certain acquisition-related liabilities (deferred consideration and noncompete obligations). The carrying value and fair value of these financial instruments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was:

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	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value
Level 1
Long-term debt(1)	$	1,434,238	$	1,501,492	$	1,447,673	$	1,504,549
Level 3
Current portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations(2)	6,889		6,889		13,382		13,382
Long term portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations(3)	18,337		18,337		24,070		24,070

(1)$3.8 million and $5.1 million was included in current portion of debt as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

(2)Included in current portion of acquisition-related liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Included in acquisition-related liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

The fair value of debt was determined based on observable, or Level 1, inputs, such as interest rates, bond yields and quoted prices in inactive markets. The fair values of the deferred consideration and noncompete obligations were determined based on unobservable, or Level 3, inputs, including the cash payment terms in the purchase agreements and a discount rate reflecting the Company’s credit risk. The discount rate used is generally consistent with that used when the obligations were initially recorded.

Securities with a maturity of three months or less are considered cash equivalents and the fair value of these assets approximates their carrying value.

14.SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company has three operating segments: West, East and Cement, which are its reporting segments. These segments are consistent with the Company’s management reporting structure.

The operating results of each segment are regularly reviewed and evaluated by the Chief Executive Officer, our Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”). The CODM primarily evaluates the performance of the Company’s segments and allocates resources to them based on a segment profit metric that we call Adjusted EBITDA, which is computed as earnings from operations before interest, taxes, depreciation, depletion, amortization, accretion and share-based compensation, as well as various other non-recurring, non-cash amounts.

The West and East segments have several subsidiaries that are engaged in various activities including quarry mining, aggregate production and contracting. The Cement segment is engaged in the production of Portland cement. Assets employed by each segment include assets directly identified with those operations. Corporate assets consist primarily of cash, property, plant and equipment for corporate operations and other assets not directly identifiable with a reportable business segment. The accounting policies applicable to each segment are consistent with those used in the consolidated financial statements.

The following tables display selected financial data for the Company’s reportable business segments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Revenue*:
West	$	496,638	$	439,411	$	1,178,258	$	1,075,393
East	176,840		193,421		493,766		525,064
Cement	121,319		119,915		287,311		259,791
Total revenue	$	794,797	$	752,747	$	1,959,335	$	1,860,248

*Intercompany sales are immaterial and the presentation above only reflects sales to external customers.

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	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Income from operations before taxes	$	256,633	$	112,480	$	326,164	$	319,650
Interest expense	28,013		21,980		83,335		62,728
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	56,691		51,439		160,921		148,373
Accretion	761		694		2,212		2,110
Loss on debt financings	—		—		493		—
Tax receivable agreement (benefit) expense	(153,080)		—		(153,080)		954
Gain on sale of businesses	—		(4,115)		—		(174,373)
Non-cash compensation	5,192		4,902		15,116		15,058
Argos USA acquisition and integration costs	17,859		—		17,859		—
Other	(3,550)		(2,492)		(11,555)		(2,315)
Total Adjusted EBITDA	$	208,519	$	184,888	$	441,465	$	372,185
Total Adjusted EBITDA by Segment:
West	$	117,846	$	98,281	$	255,041	$	215,617
East	50,089		44,119		116,558		98,949
Cement	50,355		46,597		103,237		84,019
Corporate and other	(9,771)		(4,109)		(33,371)		(26,400)
Total Adjusted EBITDA	$	208,519	$	184,888	$	441,465	$	372,185

	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
West	$	98,025	$	85,462
East	45,754		65,116
Cement	28,914		30,503
Total reportable segments	172,693		181,081
Corporate and other	9,489		7,927
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment	$	182,182	$	189,008

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion:
West	$	28,701	$	24,908	$	83,218	$	71,495
East	15,586		15,445		46,839		48,655
Cement	12,143		10,959		30,032		27,993
Total reportable segments	56,430		51,312		160,089		148,143
Corporate and other	1,022		821		3,044		2,340
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	$	57,452	$	52,133	$	163,133	$	150,483

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Total assets:
West	$	1,932,418	$	1,565,776
East	1,191,237		1,151,223
Cement	914,416		873,604
Total reportable segments	4,038,071		3,590,603
Corporate and other	326,893		665,089
Total	$	4,364,964	$	4,255,692

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SUMMIT MATERIALS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for Summit Materials, LLC and subsidiaries are included as Exhibit 99.1 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are incorporated by reference herein.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is intended to assist in understanding and assessing the trends and significant changes in our results of operations and financial condition. Historical results may not be indicative of future performance. Forward-looking statements reflect our current views about future events, are based on assumptions and are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by these statements. Factors that may cause differences between actual results and those contemplated by forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in the Annual Report, and factors discussed in the section entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated interim financial statements and the related notes and other information included in this report.

Overview

Summit’s vision is to be the most socially responsible, integrated construction materials solution provider, collaborating with stakeholders to deliver differentiated innovations and solve our customers’ challenges. Within our markets, we strive to be a market leader by offering customers a single-source provider for construction materials and related downstream products through our vertical integration. Our materials include aggregates, which we supply across the United States, and in British Columbia, Canada, and cement, which we supply to surrounding states along the Mississippi River from Minnesota to Louisiana. In addition to supplying aggregates to customers, we use a portion of our materials internally to produce ready-mix concrete and asphalt paving mix, which may be sold externally or used in our paving and related services businesses. Our vertical integration creates opportunities to increase aggregates volumes, optimize margin at each stage of production and provide customers with efficiency gains, convenience and reliability, which we believe gives us a competitive advantage.

We are organized into 10 operating companies that make up our three distinct operating segments: West, East and Cement, which are also our reporting segments. We operate in 21 U.S. states and in British Columbia, Canada and currently have assets in 22 U.S. states and in British Columbia, Canada. The map below illustrates our geographic footprint.

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Business Trends and Conditions

The U.S. construction materials industry is composed of four primary sectors: aggregates; cement; ready-mix concrete; and asphalt paving mix. Each of these materials is widely used in most forms of construction activity. Participants in these sectors typically range from small, privately-held companies focused on a single material, product or market to publicly traded multinational corporations that offer a wide array of construction materials and services. Competition is constrained in part by the distance materials can be transported efficiently, resulting in predominantly local or regional operations. Due to the lack of significant product differentiation, competition for all of our products is predominantly based on price, product availability and service. Accordingly, our profitability is generally dependent on the level of demand for our materials and products and our ability to control operating costs. We continue to monitor supply chain issues, as well as inflationary pressures on our raw material inputs as well as labor costs.

Our revenue is derived from multiple end-use markets including public infrastructure construction and private residential and nonresidential construction. Public infrastructure includes spending by federal, state, provincial and local governments for roads, highways, bridges, airports and other infrastructure projects. Public infrastructure projects have historically been a relatively stable portion of state and federal budgets. Residential and nonresidential construction consists of new construction and repair and remodel markets. Any economic stagnation or decline, which could vary by local region and market, could affect our results of operations. Our sales and earnings are sensitive to national, regional and local economic conditions and particularly to cyclical changes in construction spending, especially in the private sector. From a macroeconomic view, we continue to see positive indicators for highway obligations as funds from the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (“IIJA”) are beginning to be spent in our markets. We are seeing the impact of rising interest rates and inflation on residential

23

markets in our geographies. Rising interest rates and inflation may also impact our non-residential construction activity in the future as non-residential activity tends to lag behind residential activity by a year or so.

Transportation infrastructure projects, driven by both federal and state funding programs, represent a significant share of the U.S. construction materials market. Federal funds are allocated to the states, which are required to match a portion of the federal funds they receive. Federal highway spending uses funds predominantly from the Federal Highway Trust Fund, which derives its revenue from taxes on diesel fuel, gasoline and other user fees. The dependability of federal funding allows state departments of transportation to plan for their long-term highway construction and maintenance needs. The IIJA provides $1.2 trillion in funding over five years from 2022 through 2026, which includes $347.8 billion for highways, and $91.0 billion for transit.

In 2022, approximately 65% of our revenue was derived from the private construction market, and the remaining revenue from the public markets. We believe residential activity in our key markets will continue to be a driver for volumes in future periods. Funding for public infrastructure projects is expected to remain a high priority.

In addition to federal funding, state, county and local agencies provide highway construction and maintenance funding. Our four largest states by revenue, Texas, Utah, Kansas and Missouri, represented approximately 24%, 17%, 10% and 10%, respectively, of our total revenue in 2022. The following is a summary of key funding initiatives in those states:

•The Texas Department of Transportation (“TXDOT”) fiscal year 2024-2025 biennial state budget bill was signed by the Governor on June 18, 2023. The TXDOT budget for fiscal year 2024 totals $18.54 billion, a 24% increase over fiscal year 2023 of $14.96 billion. Since the biennial budget for fiscal year 2023 was determined in 2021, prior to passage of the IIJA, the new bill is the first biennial state budget to incorporate increased federal funding under the IIJA.

•The state of Utah anticipates transportation funding of approximately $2.9 billion in fiscal year 2024.

•The Governor's Budget for the Kansas Department of Transportation totals $2.32 billion for fiscal year 2024.

•The state budget for the Missouri Department of Transportation grew by 17% between fiscal year 2023 and fiscal year 2024, from $3.51 billion to $4.11 billion.

Use and consumption of our products fluctuate due to seasonality. Nearly all of the products used by us, and by our customers, in the private construction and public infrastructure industries are used outdoors. Our highway operations and production and distribution facilities are also located outdoors. Therefore, seasonal changes and other weather-related conditions, in particular extended rainy and cold weather in the spring and fall, as well as major weather events such as hurricanes, tornadoes, tropical storms, heavy snows and flooding, can adversely affect our business and operations through a decline in both the use of our products and demand for our services. In addition, construction materials production and shipment levels follow activity in the construction industry, which typically occurs in the spring, summer and fall. Warmer and drier weather during the second and third quarters of our fiscal year typically result in higher activity and revenue levels during those quarters. The first quarter of our fiscal year typically has lower levels of activity due to weather conditions, and the third quarter of our fiscal year typically has the highest levels of activity.

We are subject to commodity price risk with respect to price changes in liquid asphalt and energy, including fossil fuels and electricity for aggregates, cement, ready-mix concrete and asphalt paving mix production, natural gas for hot mix asphalt production and diesel fuel for distribution vehicles and production related mobile equipment. Liquid asphalt escalator provisions in most of our private and commercial contracts limit our exposure to price fluctuations in this commodity. We often obtain similar escalators on public infrastructure contracts. In addition, we enter into various firm purchase commitments, with terms generally less than one year, for certain raw materials, including diesel fuel.

Combination with Argos North America Corp.

In September 2023, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with Cementos Argos S.A. (“Cementos Argos”) under which it will combine with Argos North America Corp. (“Argos USA”) to acquire the U.S. operations of Cementos Argos in a cash and stock transaction valued at $3.2 billion. Argos USA is among the largest cement producers with four integrated cement plants and approximately 140 ready-mix plants in the Southeast, Mid-Atlantic and Texas geographies. Under the terms of the agreement, Cementos Argos will receive approximately $1.2 billion in cash subject to closing adjustments and approximately 54.7 million shares of the Company's Class A common stock. In connection with the agreement, the Company has obtained committed financing in the form of a $1.3 billion 364-day term loan bridge facility to finance the cash

24

consideration to be paid to Cementos Argos. The Company expects to enter into permanent financing agreements prior to the transaction closing, which would reduce any amounts that may ultimately be borrowed under the term loan bridge facility. The transaction closing is expected to occur prior to the end of the first quarter of 2024, subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approvals and approval by the Company's stockholders.

Backlog

Our products are generally delivered upon receipt of orders or requests from customers, or shortly thereafter. Accordingly, the backlog associated with product sales is converted into revenue within a relatively short period of time. Inventory for products is generally maintained in sufficient quantities to meet rapid delivery requirements of customers. Therefore, a period-over-period increase or decrease of backlog does not necessarily result in an improvement or a deterioration of our business. Our backlog includes only those products and projects for which we have obtained a purchase order or a signed contract with the customer and does not include products purchased and sold or services awarded and provided within the period.

Financial Highlights

The principal factors in evaluating our financial condition and operating results as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, and certain other highlights include:

•Net revenue increased $56.0 million and $119.2 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, primarily resulting from increases in average sales prices and our acquisition program, which more than offset reduced volumes due to divestitures completed in 2022.

•Our operating income increased $0.9 million and $38.1 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. We incurred $17.9 million of transaction and integration costs related to our agreement to combine with Argos USA, which reduced our operating income.

•In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, average sales price increased 14.4% and 16.1% in aggregates, 13.9% and 14.6% in cement, 8.2% and 12.5% in ready-mix concrete and 16.3% and 17.6% in asphalt, respectively.

•In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, sales volume decreased 3.8% and 4.0% in aggregates, 11.3% and 5.3% in cement, increased 4.3% and decreased 7.4% in ready-mix concrete and decreased 5.1% and 7.8% in asphalt, respectively.

•In the first nine months of 2023, we closed on three acquisitions in the West segment, including one in the Phoenix, Arizona market, and one in the East segment, for a total of $239.5 million using existing cash balances.

•In the third quarter of 2023, we paid $122.9 million to reacquire certain TRA interests, and recorded a tax receivable agreement benefit of $153.1 million as the cash paid to acquire the interests was less than the carrying value of the TRA liability.

Results of Operations

The following discussion of our results of operations is focused on the key financial measures we use to evaluate the performance of our business from both a consolidated and operating segment perspective. Operating income and margins are discussed in terms of changes in volume, pricing and mix of revenue source (i.e., type of product, sales or service revenue). We focus on operating margin, which we define as operating income as a percentage of net revenue, as a key metric when assessing the performance of the business, as we believe that analyzing changes in costs in relation to changes in revenue provides more meaningful insight into the results of operations than examining costs in isolation.

Operating income (loss) reflects our profit from operations after taking into consideration cost of revenue, general and administrative expenses, depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion and gain on sale of property, plant and equipment. Cost of revenue generally increases ratably with revenue, as labor, transportation costs and subcontractor costs are recorded in cost of revenue. As organic volumes increase, we expect our general and administrative costs as a percentage of revenue to decrease. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue vary throughout the year due to the seasonality of our business.

Consolidated Results of Operations

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The table below sets forth our consolidated results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022. 

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
($ in thousands)
Net revenue	$	741,960	$	686,009	$	1,829,603	$	1,710,422
Delivery and subcontract revenue	52,837		66,738		129,732		149,826
Total revenue	794,797		752,747		1,959,335		1,860,248
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	543,159		534,936		1,389,599		1,372,521
General and administrative expenses	50,895		39,232		150,731		136,897
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	57,452		52,133		163,133		150,483
Transaction costs	17,442		727		19,518		2,637
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment	(2,134)		(1,343)		(5,787)		(6,293)
Operating income	127,983		127,062		242,141		204,003
Interest expense	28,013		21,980		83,335		62,728
Loss on debt financings	—		—		493		—
Tax receivable agreement (benefit) expense	(153,080)		—		(153,080)		954
Gain on sale of businesses	—		(4,115)		—		(174,373)
Other income, net	(3,583)		(3,283)		(14,771)		(4,956)
Income from operations before taxes	256,633		112,480		326,164		319,650
Income tax expense	23,908		24,829		39,923		74,033
Net income	$	232,725	$	87,651	$	286,241	$	245,617

Three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022

	Three months ended										Nine months ended
($ in thousands)	September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022			Variance				September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022			Variance
Net revenue	$	741,960		$	686,009		$	55,951	8.2	%	$	1,829,603		$	1,710,422		$	119,181	7.0	%
Operating income	127,983			127,062			921		0.7	%	242,141			204,003			38,138		18.7	%
Operating margin percentage	17.2		%	18.5		%					13.2		%	11.9		%
Adjusted EBITDA (1)	$	208,519		$	184,888		$	23,631	12.8	%	$	441,465		$	372,185		$	69,280	18.6	%
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (1)	28.1		%	27.0		%					24.1		%	21.8		%

(1)Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are non-GAAP measures that we find helpful in monitoring the performance of our business. See "Non-GAAP Performance Measures" below for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss), which is the most directly comparable GAAP measure.

Net revenue increased $56.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2023, due to organic revenue increases in the West, East and Cement segments, as well as growth from acquisitions. In the three months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized $48.1 million of revenue from our recent acquisitions which more than offset a decrease of $18.5 million in net revenue related to divestitures that occurred in 2022. Of the increase in net revenue, $18.9 million was from increased revenue of materials, $35.7 million from increased revenue from products and $1.3 million from increased service revenue. We experienced organic volume decline of 7.5%, 11.3% and 12.2% in our aggregates, cement and ready-mix concrete lines of business, respectively, while our organic asphalt volumes increased 2.5%. Our organic volume declines in aggregates and ready-mix concrete occurred primarily in the West segment, due to volume decreases in residential markets as well as weather related impacts. We achieved organic price growth across all lines of business during the third quarter of 2023. Additional detail about the impact of acquisitions and divestitures on each segment is presented below where material.

Net revenue increased $119.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily resulting from organic price increases across all lines of business. In the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized $79.1 million of revenue from our recent acquisitions which more than offset a decrease of $74.2 million in net revenue related to divestitures that occurred in 2022. Of the increase in net revenue, $83.5 million was from increased sales of materials, $40.4 million from increased sales of products, partially offset by $4.7 million from decreased service revenue. Our organic volumes declined

26

4.4%, 5.3% and 13.9% in aggregates, cement and ready-mix concrete, respectively, while our organic asphalt volumes increased 5.5%. The organic volume decreases for aggregates and ready-mix were primarily attributable to unfavorable winter weather and reduced activity in residential markets in our West segment. We had organic price growth in our aggregate, cement, ready-mix and asphalt lines of business of 15.7%, 14.6%, 12.1% and 15.1%, respectively, during the first nine months of 2023.

Operating income increased by $0.9 million and $38.1 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we incurred $17.4 million and $19.5 million, respectively, of transaction costs, of which $17.9 million related to acquisition and integration costs associated with our agreement to combine with Argos USA.

Our operating margin percentage for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 decreased from 18.5% to 17.2% and increased from 11.9% to 13.2%, respectively, from the comparable period a year ago, due to the factors noted above. Adjusted EBITDA, as defined in "Non-GAAP Performance Measures" below, increased by $23.6 million and $69.3 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, due to the factors noted above.

As a vertically-integrated company, we include intercompany sales from materials to products and from products to services when assessing the operating results of our business. We refer to revenue inclusive of intercompany sales as gross revenue. These intercompany transactions are eliminated in the consolidated financial statements. Gross revenue by product was as follows: 

	Three months ended								Nine months ended
($ in thousands)	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		Variance				September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		Variance
Revenue by product*:
Aggregates	$	223,593	$	202,982	$	20,611	10.2	%	$	616,257	$	552,943	$	63,314	11.5	%
Cement	116,285		115,022		1,263		1.1	%	270,916		249,517		21,399		8.6	%
Ready-mix concrete	213,546		189,151		24,395		12.9	%	552,516		530,178		22,338		4.2	%
Asphalt	117,981		106,897		11,084		10.4	%	236,624		222,399		14,225		6.4	%
Paving and related services	195,012		191,815		3,197		1.7	%	386,740		400,841		(14,101)		(3.5)	%
Other	(71,620)		(53,120)		(18,500)		(34.8)	%	(103,718)		(95,630)		(8,088)		(8.5)	%
Total revenue	$	794,797	$	752,747	$	42,050	5.6	%	$	1,959,335	$	1,860,248	$	99,087	5.3	%

*Revenue by product includes intercompany and intracompany sales transferred at market value. The elimination of intracompany transactions is included in Other. Revenue from the liquid asphalt terminals is included in asphalt revenue.

Detail of our volumes and average selling prices by product in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022 were as follows:   

	Three months ended
	September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
	Volume(1)			Volume(1)			Percentage Change in
	(in thousands)	Pricing(2)		(in thousands)	Pricing(2)		Volume		Pricing
Aggregates	15,654	$	14.28	16,267	$	12.48	(3.8)	%	14.4	%
Cement	746	155.79		841	136.83		(11.3)	%	13.9	%
Ready-mix concrete	1,383	154.39		1,326	142.66		4.3	%	8.2	%
Asphalt	1,385	85.20		1,459	73.26		(5.1)	%	16.3	%
	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
	Volume(1)			Volume(1)			Percentage Change in
	(in thousands)	Pricing(2)		(in thousands)	Pricing(2)		Volume		Pricing
Aggregates	44,622	$	13.81	46,489	$	11.89	(4.0)	%	16.1	%
Cement	1,787	151.58		1,887	132.22		(5.3)	%	14.6	%
Ready-mix concrete	3,667	150.66		3,960	133.87		(7.4)	%	12.5	%
Asphalt	2,805	84.36		3,041	71.74		(7.8)	%	17.6	%

27

(1)Volumes are shown in tons for aggregates, cement and asphalt and in cubic yards for ready-mix concrete.

(2)Pricing is shown on a per ton basis for aggregates, cement and asphalt and on a per cubic yard basis for ready-mix concrete.

Revenue from aggregates increased $20.6 million and $63.3 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. In the three months ended September 30, 2023 we had strong organic price increases which were partially offset by a decrease in organic aggregate volumes. Organic aggregate volumes decreased 4.4% in the first nine months of 2023 as compared to the same period a year ago, primarily due to residential demand conditions, as well as unfavorable weather in certain geographies as noted below. Aggregate average sales price of $13.81 per ton increased 16.1% in the first nine months of 2023 as compared to the first nine months of 2022, due to pricing actions designed to more than offset current inflationary conditions. We continue to focus on pricing to what local market conditions will allow.

Revenue from cement increased $1.3 million and $21.4 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, organic cement average sales prices increased 13.9% and 14.6%, respectively.

Revenue from ready-mix concrete increased $24.4 million and increased $22.3 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, our ready-mix volumes increased 4.3% and decreased 7.4%, respectively, and our average sales prices increased 8.2% and 12.5%, respectively. The volume decrease in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 occurred primarily in our South Texas market due to moderating demand in our residential markets, while our price increases occurred across all of our major markets.

Revenue from asphalt increased $11.1 million and $14.2 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. In the first nine months of 2023, organic volumes increased by 5.5% due to increases in our North Texas and Intermountain West markets. In the first nine months of 2023, organic pricing increased 15.1%, with strong pricing gains across all our major markets.

Other Financial Information

Transaction Costs

Our transaction costs were $17.4 million and $19.5 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $0.7 million and $2.6 million in the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, respectively. In the nine months ended September 30, 2023, $17.9 million of the transaction costs were related to our acquisition and integration costs associated with the agreement to combine with Argos USA, which was announced in September 2023.

Tax receivable agreement (benefit) expense

In the third quarter 2023, we acquired certain interests in our TRA agreement for $122.9 million, and recognized a benefit of $153.1 million reflecting the difference between the carrying value of the related TRA liability and the cash payment made to acquire the interests.

Interest Expense

Our interest expense was $28.0 million and $83.3 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $22.0 million and $62.7 million in the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, respectively. Although our total debt balance has decreased period over period, rising interest rates led to higher interest expense in 2023, which is expected to continue during the rest of 2023.

Income Tax Expense

Our income tax expense was $23.9 million and $39.9 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and our income tax expense was $24.8 million and $74.0 million in the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, respectively. The effective tax rate for Summit Inc. differs from the federal statutory tax rate primarily due to (1) the non-taxability of the tax receivable agreement benefit (2) tax depletion expense in excess of the expense recorded under U.S. GAAP, (3) basis differences in assets divested, (4) state taxes, (5) the minority interest in the Summit Holdings partnership that is allocated outside of the Company and (6) various other items such as limitations on meals and entertainment, certain stock compensation and other costs.

28

The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible, as well as consideration of tax-planning strategies we may seek to utilize net operating loss carryforwards that begin to expire in 2030.

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Summit Inc. had a valuation allowance of $1.1 million and $1.1 million, respectively, which relates to certain deferred tax assets in taxable entities where realization is not more likely than not.

Segment results of operations

West Segment

	Three months ended										Nine months ended
($ in thousands)	September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022			Variance				September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022			Variance
Net revenue	$	461,094		$	394,648		$	66,446	16.8	%	$	1,095,502		$	983,160		$	112,342	11.4	%
Operating income	89,608			73,087			16,521		22.6	%	170,001			143,659			26,342		18.3	%
Operating margin percentage	19.4		%	18.5		%					15.5		%	14.6		%
Adjusted EBITDA (1)	$	117,846		$	98,281		$	19,565	19.9	%	$	255,041		$	215,617		$	39,424	18.3	%
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (1)	25.6		%	24.9		%					23.3		%	21.9		%

(1)Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are non-GAAP measures that we find helpful in monitoring the performance of our business. See "Non-GAAP Performance Measures" below for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss), which is the most directly comparable GAAP measure.

Net revenue in the West segment increased $66.4 million and $112.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, due to net revenue increases across all lines of business and from the impact of acquisitions of $42.7 million and $68.1 million, respectively. Organic aggregates average sales prices increased 14.7% and 18.7% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, as price increases were implemented across all geographies. Organic aggregate volumes decreased 10.0% in the nine month period due, in part, to unfavorable weather conditions in our Intermountain West market primarily in the first quarter of 2023, as well a slowdown in residential market activity, as compared to the first nine months of 2022. Organic ready-mix concrete volumes decreased 15.0% and our organic ready-mix concrete average sales prices increased 12.3% in the first nine months of 2023. Higher mortgage interest rates are negatively impacting residential demand and, by extension limiting residential construction activity. These conditions are affecting, to varying degrees, our two largest markets, Houston and Salt Lake City.

The West segment’s operating income increased $16.5 million and $26.3 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. Adjusted EBITDA increased $19.6 million and $39.4 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, due to the price increases noted above and from the impact of acquisitions of $10.1 million and $17.9 million, respectively. Adjusted EBITDA margin increased to 25.6% from 24.9% and to 23.3% from 21.9% during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. The operating margin percentage in the West segment increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 due to increases in our average sales prices which exceeded our costs of revenue.

Gross revenue by product/ service was as follows:  

	Three months ended								Nine months ended
($ in thousands)	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		Variance				September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		Variance
Revenue by product*:
Aggregates	$	114,437	$	102,316	$	12,121	11.8	%	$	305,209	$	277,870	$	27,339	9.8	%
Ready-mix concrete	190,421		164,050		26,371		16.1	%	486,331		455,334		30,997		6.8	%
Asphalt	110,172		88,133		22,039		25.0	%	216,685		167,639		49,046		29.3	%
Paving and related services	177,191		151,724		25,467		16.8	%	345,685		300,592		45,093		15.0	%
Other	(95,583)		(66,812)		(28,771)		(43.1)	%	(175,652)		(126,042)		(49,610)		(39.4)	%
Total revenue	$	496,638	$	439,411	$	57,227	13.0	%	$	1,178,258	$	1,075,393	$	102,865	9.6	%

*Revenue by product includes intercompany and intracompany sales transferred at market value. The elimination of intracompany transactions is included in “Other.” Revenue from the liquid asphalt terminals is included in asphalt revenue.

29

The West segment’s percent changes in sales volumes and pricing in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 from the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022 were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	Percentage Change in				Percentage Change in
	Volume		Pricing		Volume		Pricing
Aggregates	(3.0)	%	15.2	%	(8.0)	%	19.4	%
Ready-mix concrete	7.8	%	7.7	%	(5.1)	%	12.6	%
Asphalt	9.1	%	14.7	%	11.5	%	15.9	%

Revenue from aggregates in the West segment increased $12.1 million and $27.3 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. Aggregates pricing for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 increased 15.2% and 19.4%, respectively, when compared to the same period in 2022. Increased average sales prices more than offset a 3.0% decrease in sales volumes in the third quarter of 2023. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, aggregate volumes decreased in our British Columbia, South Texas and Intermountain West markets.

Revenue from ready-mix concrete in the West segment increased $26.4 million and $31.0 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, our organic ready-mix concrete volumes decreased 11.6% and 15.0%, respectively, which was more than offset by increased organic ready-mix concrete prices of 7.8% and 12.3%, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, our organic ready-mix concrete volumes decreased due to unfavorable weather in our Intermountain West geography in the first quarter of 2023 and reduced residential demand.

Revenue from asphalt in the West segment increased $22.0 million and $49.0 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, asphalt volumes increased 9.1% and 11.5%, respectively, due primarily to growth in our North Texas, Intermountain West and British Columbia markets. Average sales prices for asphalt increased 14.7% and 15.9% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. Revenue for paving and related services in the West segment increased by $25.5 million and $45.1 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.

Prior to eliminations of intercompany transactions, the net effect of volume and pricing changes on gross revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was approximately $(25.3) million and $132.7 million, respectively.

East Segment

	Three months ended										Nine months ended
($ in thousands)	September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022			Variance				September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022			Variance
Net revenue	$	159,547		$	171,446		$	(11,899)	(6.9)	%	$	446,790		$	467,471		$	(20,681)	(4.4)	%
Operating income	34,221			28,475			5,746		20.2	%	68,788			49,373			19,415		39.3	%
Operating margin percentage	21.4		%	16.6		%					15.4		%	10.6		%
Adjusted EBITDA (1)	$	50,089		$	44,119		$	5,970	13.5	%	$	116,558		$	98,949		$	17,609	17.8	%
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (1)	31.4		%	25.7		%					26.1		%	21.2		%

(1)Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are non-GAAP measures that we find helpful in monitoring the performance of our business. See "Non-GAAP Performance Measures" below for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss), which is the most directly comparable GAAP measure.

Net revenue in the East segment decreased $11.9 million and $20.7 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, as compared to the same period a year ago, primarily due to the impact from divestitures of $18.5 million and $74.2 million, respectively. Operating income increased $5.7 million and $19.4 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, as increases in average sales prices exceeded inflationary increases in our cost of revenue. Adjusted EBITDA increased $6.0 million and $17.6 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, which more than offset the negative impact to Adjusted EBITDA from divestitures of $3.7 million and $3.1 million, respectively. Operating income margin increased to 21.4% from 16.6% and to 15.4% from 10.6% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, as compared to the same period a year ago. Adjusted EBITDA Margin increased to 31.4% from 25.7% and to 26.1% from 21.2% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, as compared to the same period a year ago.

30

Gross revenue by product/ service was as follows:  

	Three months ended								Nine months ended
($ in thousands)	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		Variance				September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		Variance
Revenue by product*:
Aggregates	$	109,156	$	100,666	$	8,490	8.4	%	$	311,048	$	275,073	$	35,975	13.1	%
Ready-mix concrete	23,125		25,101		(1,976)		(7.9)	%	66,185		74,844		(8,659)		(11.6)	%
Asphalt	7,809		18,764		(10,955)		(58.4)	%	19,939		54,760		(34,821)		(63.6)	%
Paving and related services	17,821		40,091		(22,270)		(55.5)	%	41,055		100,249		(59,194)		(59.0)	%
Other	18,929		8,799		10,130		115.1	%	55,539		20,138		35,401		175.8	%
Total revenue	$	176,840	$	193,421	$	(16,581)	(8.6)	%	$	493,766	$	525,064	$	(31,298)	(6.0)	%

*Revenue by product includes intercompany and intracompany sales transferred at market value. The elimination of intracompany transactions is included in Other. Revenue from the liquid asphalt terminals is included in asphalt revenue.

The East segment’s percent changes in sales volumes and pricing in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 from the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022 were as follows:   

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	Percentage Change in				Percentage Change in
	Volume		Pricing		Volume		Pricing
Aggregates	(4.7)	%	13.7	%	0.7	%	12.3	%
Ready-mix concrete	(15.8)	%	9.5	%	(20.3)	%	10.9	%
Asphalt	(64.9)	%	17.9	%	(65.8)	%	15.6	%

Revenue from aggregates in the East segment increased $8.5 million and $36.0 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, as compared to the same period a year ago. Aggregate volumes in the three and nine months of 2023 decreased 4.7% and increased 0.7%, respectively, noting the three month period decrease primarily due to decreased demand in our East Kansas and Missouri markets was more than offset in the nine month period by favorable weather and increased demand in our remaining East segment markets. Excluding the impact of the divestitures in 2022, aggregate volumes in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 increased 5.8%. Aggregates organic pricing increased 12.6% and 11.6% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, as compared to the same period a year ago.

Revenue from ready-mix concrete in the East segment decreased $2.0 million and $8.7 million as ready-mix concrete volumes decreased 15.8% and 20.3% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, as compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to our divestiture program. In the nine months ended September 30, 2023, our ready-mix concrete average sales prices increased 10.9%.

Revenue from asphalt decreased $11.0 million and $34.8 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, when compared to the same period in 2022. Asphalt pricing increased 15.6% in the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Paving and related service revenue decreased $22.3 million and $59.2 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, primarily due to divestitures noted above.

Prior to eliminations of intercompany transactions, the net effect of volume and pricing changes on gross revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was approximately $(111.9) million and $104.4 million, respectively.

Cement Segment

31

	Three months ended										Nine months ended
($ in thousands)	September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022			Variance				September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022			Variance
Net revenue	$	121,319		$	119,915		$	1,404	1.2	%	$	287,311		$	259,791		$	27,520	10.6	%
Operating income	38,250			35,459			2,791		7.9	%	73,343			55,671			17,672		31.7	%
Operating margin percentage	31.5		%	29.6		%					25.5		%	21.4		%
Adjusted EBITDA (1)	$	50,355		$	46,597		$	3,758	8.1	%	$	103,237		$	84,019		$	19,218	22.9	%
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (1)	41.5		%	38.9		%					35.9		%	32.3		%

(1)Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are non-GAAP measures that we find helpful in monitoring the performance of our business. See "Non-GAAP Performance Measures" below for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss), which is the most directly comparable GAAP measure.

Net revenue in the Cement segment increased $1.4 million and $27.5 million primarily due to average price increases of 13.9% and 14.6% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.

Operating income increased $2.8 million and $17.7 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. Operating margin percentage for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 increased to 31.5% from 29.6% and to 25.5% from 21.4%, respectively, from the comparable period a year ago. Adjusted EBITDA margin increased to 41.5% from 38.9% and to 35.9% from 32.3% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, operating income margin and Adjusted EBITDA margin benefited from higher average sales prices that exceeded inflationary pressures and increased product mix of internally produced cement over imported.

Gross revenue by product was as follows:

	Three months ended								Nine months ended
($ in thousands)	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		Variance				September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		Variance
Revenue by product*:
Cement	$	116,285	$	115,022	$	1,263	1.1	%	$	270,916	$	249,517	$	21,399	8.6	%
Other	5,034		4,893		141		2.9	%	16,395		10,274		6,121		59.6	%
Total revenue	$	121,319	$	119,915	$	1,404	1.2	%	$	287,311	$	259,791	$	27,520	10.6	%

*Revenue by product includes intercompany and intracompany sales transferred at market value. Revenue from waste processing and the elimination of intracompany transactions is included in Other.

The Cement segment’s percent changes in sales volumes and pricing in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 from the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022 were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	Percentage Change in				Percentage Change in
	Volume		Pricing		Volume		Pricing
Cement	(11.3)	%	13.9	%	(5.3)	%	14.6	%

Revenue from cement increased $1.3 million and $21.4 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, due to organic cement pricing gains of 13.9% and 14.6%, partially offset by volume decreases of 11.3% and 5.3%, respectively. The volume decreases in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were primarily due to reduced import volume and, more recently, wet conditions in our northern markets.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary sources of liquidity include cash on-hand, cash provided by operations, amounts available for borrowing under our senior secured credit facilities and capital-raising activities in the debt and capital markets. In addition to our current sources of liquidity, we have access to liquidity through public offerings of shares of our Class A common stock. To facilitate such offerings, in January 2023, we filed a shelf registration statement with the SEC that will expire in January 2026. The amount of Class A common stock to be issued pursuant to this shelf registration statement was not specified when it was filed

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and there is no specific limit on the amount we may issue. The specifics of any future offerings, along with the use of the proceeds thereof, will be described in detail in a prospectus supplement, or other offering materials, at the time of any offering.

As of September 30, 2023, we had $197.5 million in cash and cash equivalents and $528.3 million of working capital compared to $520.5 million and $762.5 million, respectively, at December 31, 2022. Working capital is calculated as current assets less current liabilities. There were no restricted cash balances as of September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022. In January 2023, we amended our senior secured revolving credit facility, increasing the total availability to $395.0 million and extending the maturity date to January 2028. We had no outstanding borrowings on our senior secured revolving credit facility, which had borrowing capacity of $374.1 million as of September 30, 2023, which is net of $20.9 million of outstanding letters of credit and is fully available to us within the terms and covenant requirements of our credit agreement governing the senior secured credit facilities (the “Credit Agreement”).

In March 2022, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program, whereby we can repurchase up to $250.0 million of our Class A common stock. During the fiscal year 2022, we repurchased 3.4 million shares of Class A common stock for $101.0 million. No repurchases were made during the nine month period ended September 30, 2023. As of September 30, 2023, approximately $149.0 million remained available for share repurchases under the share repurchase program.

Given the seasonality of our business, we typically experience significant fluctuations in working capital needs and balances throughout the year. Our working capital requirements generally increase during the first half of the year as we build up inventory and focus on repair and maintenance and other set-up costs for the upcoming season. Working capital levels then decrease as the construction season winds down and we enter the winter months, which is when we see significant inflows of cash from the collection of receivables.

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, our long-term borrowings totaled $1.5 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively, for which we incurred $24.8 million and $74.0 million of interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $19.6 million and $55.4 million for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, respectively. We expect that normal operating cash flow will be sufficient to fund our seasonal working capital needs. We had no outstanding borrowings on the revolving credit facility as of September 30, 2023.

In September 2023, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire all of the outstanding equity interests of Argos North America Corp. (“Argos USA”) in a cash and stock transaction valued at $3.2 billion. Argos USA is among the largest cement producers with four integrated cement plants and approximately 140 ready-mix plants in the Southeast, Mid-Atlantic and Texas geographies. Under the terms of the agreement, the shareholders of Argos USA will receive approximately $1.2 billion in cash subject to closing adjustments and approximately 54.7 million shares of the Company's Class A common stock. In connection with the agreement, the Company has obtained committed financing in the form of a $1.3 billion 364-day term loan bridge facility to finance the cash consideration to be paid to the shareholders of Argos USA. The Company expects to enter into permanent financing agreements prior to the transaction closing, which would reduce any amounts that may ultimately be borrowed under the term loan bridge facility. The transaction closing is expected to occur prior to the end of the first quarter of 2024, subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approvals and approval by the Company's stockholders.

We believe we have access to sufficient financial resources from our liquidity sources to fund our business and operations, including contractual obligations, capital expenditures and debt service obligations, for at least the next twelve months. Our growth strategy contemplates future acquisitions for which we believe we have sufficient access to capital. We also plan to divest of certain dilutive businesses as we rationalize our portfolio, which will also generate additional capital.

We and our affiliates may from time to time purchase our outstanding debt through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Purchases or retirement of debt, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

Indebtedness

Please refer to the notes to the consolidated interim financial statements for detailed information about our long-term debt, scheduled maturities of long-term debt and affirmative and negative covenants, including the maximum allowable consolidated first lien net leverage ratio. As of September 30, 2023, we were in compliance with all debt covenants. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, $1.5 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively, of total debt was outstanding under our respective debt agreements. Due to our ongoing divestiture program, we have made prepayments on our term loan and may be required to do so again in the future.

Cash Flows

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The following table summarizes our net cash used in or provided by operating, investing and financing activities and our capital expenditures in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022: 

	Summit Inc.
($ in thousands)	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	243,624	$	132,191
Investing activities	(415,532)		188,933
Financing activities	(151,183)		(228,687)

Operating activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, cash provided by operating activities was $243.6 million primarily as a result of:

•Net income of $286.2 million, decreased by non-cash expenses, including $168.8 million of depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion expense and $15.1 million of share-based compensation, offset by the net gain on asset disposals of $5.8 million.

•Billed and unbilled accounts receivable increased by $141.8 million in the first nine months of 2023 as a result of the seasonality of our business. The majority of our sales occur in the spring, summer and fall and we typically incur an increase in accounts receivable (net billed and unbilled) during the second and third quarters of each year. This amount is typically converted to cash in the fourth and first quarters. Our inventory levels also increased during the first quarter as we prepared for the increase in activity over the warmer months.

•The timing of payments associated with accounts payable and accrued expenses of cash, which is consistent with the seasonality of our business whereby we build-up inventory levels and incur repairs and maintenance costs to ready the business for increased sales volumes in the summer and fall. These costs are typically incurred in the first half of the year and paid by year-end. In addition, we made $88.4 million of interest payments in the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

•We recognized a tax receivable benefit of $153.1 million related to acquiring certain tax receivable agreement interests at less than their carrying value.

During the nine months ended October 1, 2022, cash provided by operating activities was $132.2 million primarily as a result of:

•Net income of $245.6 million, decreased by non-cash expenses, including $160.2 million of depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion expense and $15.1 million of share-based compensation, offset by the net gain on asset and business divestitures of $180.2 million.

•Billed and unbilled accounts receivable increased by $128.8 million in the first nine months of 2022 as a result of the seasonality of our business. The majority of our sales occur in the spring, summer and fall and we typically incur an increase in accounts receivable (net billed and unbilled) during the second and third quarters of each year. This amount is typically converted to cash in the fourth and first quarters. Our inventory levels decreased slightly during the third quarter as business activity increased during the quarter.

•The timing of payments associated with accounts payable and accrued expenses of cash, which is consistent with the seasonality of our business whereby we build-up inventory levels and incur repairs and maintenance costs to ready the business for increased sales volumes in the summer and fall. These costs are typically incurred in the first half of the year and paid by year-end. In addition, we made $70.2 million of interest payments in the nine months ended October 1, 2022.

Investing activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, cash used for investing activities was $415.5 million, of which $182.2 million was invested in capital expenditures and $239.5 million was used for acquisitions in the West and East segments, and was partially offset by $9.8 million of proceeds from asset sales.

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During the nine months ended October 1, 2022, cash provided by investing activities was $188.9 million, of which $189.0 million was invested in capital expenditures, which was offset by $373.8 million of proceeds from the sale of three businesses in the East segment, as well as $8.3 million of proceeds from asset sales.

Financing activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, cash used in financing activities was $151.2 million, primarily related to the purchase of certain TRA interests for $122.9 million. We also made $8.5 million of payments on debt, $12.2 million payments on acquisition-related liabilities and used $7.2 million on shares redeemed to settle taxes on restricted stock units.

During the nine months ended October 1, 2022, cash used in financing activities was $228.7 million. We made $113.8 million of payments on debt, including the $95.6 million prepayment of the term loan due to our divestiture program, $13.0 million payments on acquisition-related liabilities and used $101.0 million to repurchase shares of Class A common stock.

Cash paid for capital expenditures

We paid cash of approximately $182.2 million in capital expenditures in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $189.0 million in the nine months ended October 1, 2022.

We currently estimate that we will invest between $240 million to $260 million inclusive of spend associated with greenfield projects. The timing of our greenfield expenditures is dependent upon the timing of when permits may be issued. We expect to fund our capital expenditure program through cash on hand, cash from operations, and outside financing arrangements including our revolving credit facility.

Tax Receivable Agreement

When the Company purchases LP Units for cash or LP Units are exchanged for shares of Class A common stock, this results in increases in the Company’s share of the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Summit Holdings. These increases in tax basis may increase, for tax purposes, depreciation and amortization deductions and therefore reduce the amount of tax that Summit Inc. would otherwise be required to pay in the future. In connection with our initial public offering, we entered into a TRA with the holders of the LP Units that provides for the payment by Summit Inc. to exchanging holders of LP Units of 85% of the benefits, if any, that Summit Inc. actually realizes (or, under certain circumstances such as an early termination of the TRA is deemed to realize) as a result of these increases in tax basis and certain other tax benefits related to entering into the TRA, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the TRA. The increases in tax basis as a result of an exchange of LP Units for shares of Class A common stock, as well as the amount and timing of any payments under the TRA, are difficult to accurately estimate, as they will vary depending upon a number of factors, including the timing of the exchanges, the price of our Class A common stock at the time of the exchange, the extent to which the exchanges are taxable, the amount and timing of our income and the effective tax rate.

We anticipate funding payments under the TRA from cash flows from operations, available cash and available borrowings under our Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facilities. As of September 30, 2023, we had accrued $52.9 million as TRA liability in our consolidated financial statements. Of the total TRA liability, $0.8 million is expected to be paid in the next twelve months.

In the third quarter of 2023, Summit LLC reached an agreement to acquire all of the rights and interests in the TRA from affiliates of Blackstone Inc. and other TRA holders for cash consideration of $122.9 million. In connection with these transactions, Summit LLC and Summit Inc. reached an agreement whereby the maximum amount Summit Inc is obligated to pay Summit LLC for the TRA interest is limited to the amount Summit LLC paid for the TRA interests. The cash paid for TRA interests acquired was less than their carrying value, accordingly Summit Inc. recognized a tax receivable agreement benefit of $153.1 million in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations.

In the nine months ended September 30, 2023, 176,258 LP Units were acquired by Summit Inc. in exchange for an equal number of newly-issued shares of Summit Inc.’s Class A common stock. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had recorded $52.9 million and $328.4 million of TRA liability, respectively. Subsequent to quarter end, an additional 345,554 LP units were exchanged for an equal amount of newly issued shares of Summit Inc.'s Class A common stock, and Summit LLC. Summit LLC then acquired the interest in the TRA interests from certain of those holders for aggregate cash consideration of $9.5 million, resulting in further reduction of the TRA liability of approximately $19.3 million.

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In the second quarter 2023, the TRA agreement was amended to change the early termination calculation from a LIBOR based rate to a SOFR rate. Based upon a $31.14 per share price of our Class A common stock, the closing price of our stock on the last trading day of the three months ended September 30, 2023, and a contractually defined discount rate of 6.37%, if the early termination provisions of the TRA were triggered, the aggregate amount required to settle the TRA would be approximately $40.9 million. Estimating the amount and the timing of payments that may be made under the TRA is by its nature difficult and imprecise, insofar as the amounts payable depends on a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, the timing of future exchanges, our stock price at the date of the exchange and the timing of the generation of future taxable income. The increases in tax basis as a result of an exchange, as well as the amount and timing of any payments under the TRA, will vary depending on a variety of factors.

Commitments and contingencies

We are party to certain legal actions arising from the ordinary course of business activities. Accruals are recorded when the outcome is probable and can be reasonably estimated. While the ultimate results of claims and litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, management expects that the ultimate resolution of all pending or threatened claims and litigation will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity. We record legal fees as incurred.

Environmental Remediation—Our operations are subject to and affected by federal, state, provincial and local laws and regulations relating to the environment, health and safety and other regulatory matters. These operations require environmental operating permits, which are subject to modification, renewal and revocation. We regularly monitor and review its operations, procedures and policies for compliance with these laws and regulations. Despite these compliance efforts, risk of environmental liability is inherent in the operation of our business, as it is with other companies engaged in similar businesses and there can be no assurance that environmental liabilities and noncompliance will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

Other—We are obligated under various firm purchase commitments for certain raw materials and services that are in the ordinary course of business. Management does not expect any significant changes in the market value of these goods and services during the commitment period that would have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows of the Company. The terms of the purchase commitments generally approximate one year.

Off-Balance sheet arrangements

As of September 30, 2023, we had no material off-balance sheet arrangements.

Non-GAAP Performance Measures

We evaluate our operating performance using metrics that we refer to as “Adjusted EBITDA,” “Adjusted EBITDA Margin,” “Adjusted Cash Gross Profit” and “Adjusted Cash Gross Profit Margin” which are not defined by U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to earnings measures defined by U.S. GAAP. We define Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA, adjusted to exclude accretion, loss on debt financings, acquisition and integration costs related to combination with Argos USA, gain on sale of business, non-cash compensation and certain other non-cash and non-operating items. We define Adjusted EBITDA Margin as Adjusted EBITDA divided by net revenue. We define Adjusted Cash Gross Profit as operating income before general and administrative expenses, depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion and Adjusted Cash Gross Profit Margin as Adjusted Cash Gross Profit as a percentage of net revenue.

We present Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Adjusted Cash Gross Profit and Adjusted Cash Gross Profit Margin for the convenience of investment professionals who use such metrics in their analyses. The investment community often uses these metrics to assess the operating performance of a company’s business and to provide a consistent comparison of performance from period to period. We use these metrics, among others, to assess the operating performance of our individual segments and the consolidated company.

Non-GAAP financial measures are not standardized; therefore, it may not be possible to compare such financial measures with other companies’ non-GAAP financial measures having the same or similar names. We strongly encourage investors to review our consolidated financial statements in their entirety and not rely on any single financial measure.

The tables below reconcile our net income (loss) to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, present Adjusted EBITDA by segment and reconcile operating income to Adjusted Cash Gross Profit for the periods indicated:

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Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA	Three months ended September 30, 2023
by Segment	West		East		Cement		Corporate		Consolidated
($ in thousands)
Net income	$	92,652	$	37,350	$	43,347	$	59,376	$	232,725
Interest (income) expense	(4,068)		(3,055)		(5,135)		40,271		28,013
Income tax expense (1)	1,644		—		—		22,264		23,908
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	28,443		15,103		12,123		1,022		56,691
EBITDA	$	118,671	$	49,398	$	50,335	$	122,933	$	341,337
Accretion	258		483		20		—		761
Tax receivable agreement benefit (1)	—		—		—		(153,080)		(153,080)
Non-cash compensation	—		—		—		5,192		5,192
Argos USA acquisition and integration costs (2)	—		—		—		17,859		17,859
Other (3)	(1,083)		208		—		(2,675)		(3,550)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	117,846	$	50,089	$	50,355	$	(9,771)	$	208,519

Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Adjusted EBITDA	Nine months ended September 30, 2023
by Segment	West		East		Cement		Corporate		Consolidated
($ in thousands)
Net income (loss)	$	179,928	$	77,936	$	88,193	$	(59,816)	$	286,241
Interest (income) expense	(10,777)		(8,707)		(14,988)		117,807		83,335
Income tax expense (1)	3,861		—		—		36,062		39,923
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	82,450		45,454		29,973		3,044		160,921
EBITDA	$	255,462	$	114,683	$	103,178	$	97,097	$	570,420
Accretion	768		1,385		59		—		2,212
Loss on debt financings	—		—		—		493		493
Tax receivable agreement benefit (1)	—		—		—		(153,080)		(153,080)
Non-cash compensation	—		—		—		15,116		15,116
Argos USA acquisition and integration costs (2)	—		—		—		17,859		17,859
Other (3)	(1,189)		490		—		(10,856)		(11,555)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	255,041	$	116,558	$	103,237	$	(33,371)	$	441,465

Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Adjusted EBITDA	Three months ended October 1, 2022
by Segment	West		East		Cement		Corporate		Consolidated
($ in thousands)
Net income (loss)	$	76,350	$	30,225	$	40,748	$	(59,672)	$	87,651
Interest (income) expense	(4,475)		(2,602)		(5,110)		34,167		21,980
Income tax expense (1)	1,384		—		—		23,445		24,829
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	24,676		15,063		10,879		821		51,439
EBITDA	$	97,935	$	42,686	$	46,517	$	(1,239)	$	185,899
Accretion	232		382		80		—		694
Loss (gain) on sale of businesses	—		1,005		—		(5,120)		(4,115)
Non-cash compensation	—		—		—		4,902		4,902
Other (3)	114		46		—		(2,652)		(2,492)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	98,281	$	44,119	$	46,597	$	(4,109)	$	184,888

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Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) to Adjusted EBITDA	Nine months ended October 1, 2022
by Segment	West		East		Cement		Corporate		Consolidated
($ in thousands)
Net income (loss)	$	153,857	$	101,680	$	70,958	$	(80,878)	$	245,617
Interest (income) expense	(12,480)		(8,767)		(14,932)		98,907		62,728
Income tax expense (benefit) (1)	2,547		(106)		—		71,592		74,033
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	70,803		47,470		27,760		2,340		148,373
EBITDA	$	214,727	$	140,277	$	83,786	$	91,961	$	530,751
Accretion	692		1,185		233		—		2,110
Tax receivable agreement expense (1)	—		—		—		954		954
Gain on sale of businesses	—		(42,652)		—		(131,721)		(174,373)
Non-cash compensation	—		—		—		15,058		15,058
Other (3)	198		139		—		(2,652)		(2,315)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	215,617	$	98,949	$	84,019	$	(26,400)	$	372,185

(1)The reconciliation of net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA is based on the financial results of Summit Inc. and its subsidiaries, which was $137.6 million and $128.3 million greater than Summit LLC and its subsidiaries in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and $17.7 million and $55.4 million less in three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, due to TRA benefit and income tax expense which are obligations of Summit Holdings and Summit Inc. and are thus excluded from Summit LLC’s consolidated net income.

(2)The adjustment for acquisition and integration costs related to the agreement to combine with Argos USA is comprised of finder's fees, advisory, legal and professional fees incurred relating to our agreement to combine with Argos USA.

(3)Consists primarily of interest income earned on cash balances.

Reconciliation of Working Capital	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
($ in thousands)
Total current assets	$	877,203	$	1,018,376
Less total current liabilities	(348,880)		(255,847)
Working capital	$	528,323	$	762,529

	Three months ended						Nine months ended
Reconciliation of Operating Income to Adjusted Cash Gross Profit	September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022			September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
($ in thousands)
Operating income	$	127,983		$	127,062		$	242,141		$	204,003
General and administrative expenses	50,895			39,232			150,731			136,897
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	57,452			52,133			163,133			150,483
Transaction costs	17,442			727			19,518			2,637
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment	(2,134)			(1,343)			(5,787)			(6,293)
Adjusted Cash Gross Profit (exclusive of items shown separately)	$	251,638		$	217,811		$	569,736		$	487,727
Adjusted Cash Gross Profit Margin (exclusive of items shown separately) (1)	33.9		%	31.8		%	31.1		%	28.5		%

(1)Adjusted Cash Gross Profit Margin, which we define as Adjusted Cash Gross Profit as a percentage of net revenue.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported period.

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Please refer to “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” described in “Part II. Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of our Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our annual report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 16, 2023, from which there have been no material changes.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to certain market risks arising from transactions that are entered into in the normal course of business. Our operations are highly dependent upon the interest rate-sensitive construction industry as well as the general economic environment. Consequently, these marketplaces could experience lower levels of economic activity in an environment of rising interest rates or escalating costs. For a discussion of quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk, please refer to the Annual Report from which our exposure to market risk has not materially changed.

ITEM  4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Summit Inc. and Summit LLC maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in Summit Inc.’s and Summit LLC’s reports under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to Summit Inc.’s and Summit LLC's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. Summit Inc.’s and Summit LLC’s management, with the participation of its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of Summit Inc.’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2023. Based upon that evaluation, Summit Inc.’s and Summit LLC’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2023, Summit Inc.’s and Summit LLC’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective to accomplish their objectives at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change in Summit Inc.’s or Summit LLC’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during their last fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, their internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The information set forth under Note 12, "Commitments and Contingencies," to Summit Inc.’s unaudited consolidated financial statements is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM  1A. RISK FACTORS

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in the Annual Report, which could materially affect the Company’s business, financial condition, operating results or liquidity or future results. The risks described in the Annual Report are not the only risks facing the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to the Company or that it currently deems to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect its results of operations, financial condition or liquidity. There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in the Annual Report, other than the following risks related to our agreement to combine with Argos North America Corp ("Argos USA").

Risks Related to the Argos USA Transaction

On September 7, 2023, the Company entered into a definitive transaction agreement (the “Transaction Agreement”), with Cementos Argos S.A. (“Cementos Argos”), Argos North America Corp. (“Argos USA”) and the other parties thereto, pursuant to which the Company will purchase all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of Argos USA (the “Argos USA Transaction”). Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Transaction Agreement, Cementos Argos will receive (i) $1.2 billion in cash (subject to closing adjustments), (ii) 54,720,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (such amount, the “Class A Consideration”) and (iii) one share of the Company’s preferred stock (such share, the “Preferred Share,” and together with the Class A Consideration, the “Stock Consideration”).

The Argos USA Transaction is subject to conditions, including certain conditions that may not be satisfied or waived on a timely basis or at all. Failure to complete the Argos USA Transaction could have material and adverse effects on us.

Completion of the Argos USA Transaction is subject to a number of conditions, including, among other things, obtaining the approval of our stockholders of the issuance of 54,720,000 shares of our Class A common stock that constitute the Class A Consideration and the issuance of one share of preferred stock that constitutes the Preferred Share. Such conditions, some of which are beyond our control, may not be satisfied or waived in a timely manner or at all and therefore make the completion and timing of the completion of the Argos USA Transaction uncertain. In addition, the Argos USA Transaction Agreement contains certain termination rights for both us and Cementos Argos, which, if exercised, will also result in the Argos USA Transaction not being consummated. Furthermore, governmental authorities may impose conditions on the completion of the Argos USA Transaction or require changes to the terms thereof. Such conditions or changes and the process of obtaining regulatory approvals could have the effect of delaying or impeding consummation of the Argos USA Transaction or of imposing additional costs or limitations on us, Cementos Argos or Argos USA following completion of the Argos USA Transaction, any of which might have an adverse effect on us following completion of the Argos USA Transaction.

If the Argos USA Transaction is not completed, our ongoing business may be adversely affected and, without realizing any of the benefits of having completed the Argos USA Transaction, we will be subject to a number of risks, including the following:

a.we will be required to pay our costs relating to the Argos USA Transaction, such as legal, accounting and financial advisory fees, whether or not the Argos USA Transaction is completed;

b.time and resources committed by our management to matters relating to the Argos USA Transaction could otherwise have been devoted to pursuing other beneficial opportunities; and

c.the market price of the Class A common stock could decline to the extent that the current market price reflects a market assumption that the Argos USA Transaction will be completed.

In addition to the above risks, if the Argos USA Transaction Agreement is terminated and our board of directors seeks another acquisition, our stockholders cannot be certain that we will be able to find a party willing to enter into a transaction as attractive to us as the Argos USA Transaction. Also, if the Argos USA Transaction Agreement is terminated under certain specified circumstances, Summit would be required to pay Cementos Argos a termination fee of $100,000,000.

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The market price of shares of Class A common stock may continue to fluctuate after the Argos USA Transaction.

Upon completion of the Argos USA Transaction, Cementos Argos will become the holder of the Class A Consideration and the Preferred Share. The market price of shares of our common stock may fluctuate significantly following completion of the Argos USA Transaction and holders of our common stock could lose some or all of the value of their investment in our common stock. In addition, the stock market has experienced significant price and volume fluctuations in recent times which, if they continue to occur, could have a material adverse effect on the market for, or liquidity of, our common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance.

We will be subject to business uncertainties while the Argos USA Transaction is pending, which could adversely affect our business.

In connection with the pendency of the Argos USA Transaction, it is possible that certain persons with whom we have a business relationship may delay or defer certain business decisions or decide to seek to terminate, change or renegotiate their relationships with us as a result of the Argos USA Transaction, which could negatively affect our or Argos USA’s revenues, earnings and cash flows as well as the market price of our Class A common stock, regardless of whether the Argos USA Transaction is completed. Also, our and Argos USA’s ability to attract, retain and motivate employees may be impaired until the Argos USA Transaction is completed, and our ability to do so may be impaired for a period of time thereafter, as current and prospective employees may experience uncertainty about their roles within the Company following the Argos USA Transaction.

Under the terms of the Transaction Agreement, we are subject to certain restrictions on the conduct of our business prior to the consummation of the Argos USA Transaction, which may adversely affect our ability to execute certain of our business strategies. Among other restrictions, we are restricted, in certain cases, from amending our governing documents in certain ways, paying cash dividends or granting certain equity awards to our employees. Such limitations could negatively affect our businesses and operations prior to the completion of the Argos USA Transaction.

We will incur significant transaction costs in connection with the Argos USA Transaction.

We have incurred and are expected to continue to incur a number of non-recurring costs associated with the Argos USA Transaction, combining the operations of Argos USA with ours and achieving desired synergies. These costs have been, and will continue to be, substantial and, in many cases, will be borne by us whether or not the Argos USA Transaction is completed. A substantial majority of non-recurring expenses will consist of transaction costs and include, among others, fees paid to financial, legal, accounting and other advisors and employee retention, severance and benefit costs. We will also incur costs related to formulating and implementing integration plans. Although we expect that the elimination of duplicative costs, as well as the realization of synergies and efficiencies related to the integration of Argos USA, should allow us to offset these transaction costs over time, this net benefit may not be achieved in the near-term or at all.

Securities class action and derivative lawsuits may be brought against us in connection with the Argos USA Transaction, which could result in substantial costs and may delay or prevent the Argos USA Transaction from being completed.

Securities class action lawsuits and derivative lawsuits are often brought against public companies that have entered into acquisition, merger or other business combination or transaction agreements. Even if such a lawsuit is without merit, defending against these claims can result in substantial costs and divert management time and other resources. An adverse judgment could result in monetary damages, which could have a negative impact on our liquidity and financial condition.

Lawsuits that may be brought against us, Argos USA or our or its directors could also seek, among other things, injunctive relief or other equitable relief, including a request to enjoin us from consummating the Argos USA Transaction. One of the conditions to the closing of the Argos USA Transaction is that there is no law, judgement, decree, writ, injunction, stipulation, ruling, award, decision, subpoena, determination, verdict or order has been entered, issued, made or rendered by any governmental authority or legally binding arbitrator of competent jurisdiction that would prohibit, enjoin, restrain or make illegal the consummation of the Argos USA Transaction or impose certain burdensome conditions. Consequently, if a plaintiff is successful in obtaining an order, award or judgment prohibiting completion of the Argos USA Transaction, that order, award or judgment may delay or prevent the Argos USA Transaction from being completed within the expected time frame or at all, which may adversely affect our business, financial position and results of operations.

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The Argos USA Transaction Agreement limits our ability to pursue alternatives to the Argos USA Transaction.

The Argos USA Transaction Agreement contains provisions that may discourage a third party from submitting an acquisition proposal to us that might result in greater value to our stockholders than the Argos USA Transaction, or may result in a potential acquirer of us proposing to pay a lower per share price to acquire us than it might otherwise have proposed to pay. These provisions include a general prohibition on us from soliciting or, subject to certain exceptions relating to the exercise of fiduciary duties by our board of directors, entering into discussions with any third party regarding any acquisition proposal or offer for a competing transaction.

Risks Related to the Company Following the Argos USA Transaction

The integration of Argos USA may not be as successful as anticipated, and we may not achieve the intended benefits or do so within the intended timeframe.

The Argos USA Transaction involves numerous operational, strategic, financial, accounting, legal, tax and other risks, including potential liabilities associated with the acquired business. Difficulties in integrating the business of Argos USA and our ability to manage the post-acquisition company may result in the post-acquisition company performing differently than expected, in operational challenges or in the delay or failure to realize anticipated expense-related efficiencies, and could have an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Potential difficulties that may be encountered in the integration process include, among other factors:

a.the inability to successfully integrate the businesses of Argos USA, operationally and culturally, in a manner that permits us to achieve the full revenue anticipated from the Argos USA Transaction, which includes accurate assessment of new producing properties based upon several factors such as recoverable reserves, future cementitious materials and aggregate prices and their appropriate differentials, availability and cost of transportation of production to markets, availability and cost of equipment and of skilled personnel, development and operating costs and potential environmental and other liabilities and regulatory, permitting and similar matters;

b.complexities associated with managing a larger, more complex, integrated business, including the potential diversion of our management’s attention;

c.not realizing anticipated operating synergies;

d.the inability to retain key employees and otherwise integrate personnel from the two companies and the loss of key employees;

e.potential unknown liabilities and unforeseen expenses, delays or regulatory conditions associated with the Argos USA Transaction;

f.potential risk associated with our increased debt in the near-term following the Argos USA Transaction;

g.difficulty or inability to refinance the debt of the post-acquisition company or comply with the covenants thereof;

h.integrating relationships with customers, vendors and business partners;

i.performance shortfalls at one or both of the companies as a result of the diversion of management’s attention caused by completing the Argos USA Transaction and integrating Argos USA’s operations; and

j.the disruption of, or the loss of momentum in, each company’s ongoing business or inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures and policies.

Additionally, the success of the Argos USA Transaction will depend, in part, on our ability to realize the anticipated benefits from combining Argos USA’s and our businesses, including operational and other synergies that we believe the post-transaction company will achieve. The anticipated benefits of the Argos USA Transaction may not be realized fully or at all, may take longer to realize than expected or could have other adverse effects that we do not currently foresee. Some of the assumptions that we have made, such as the achievement of operating synergies, may not be realized.

Cementos Argos will have significant influence over us following the consummation of the Argos USA Transaction, and its interests may conflict with ours or of our shareholders in the future.

Immediately following the consummation of the Argos USA Transaction, Cementos Argos will own, in the aggregate, approximately 31% of our outstanding common stock. As a result, Cementos Argos will have significant influence over us.

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Going forward, Cementos Argos’s degree of influence will depend on, among other things, its level of ownership of our common stock and its ability to exercise certain rights under the terms of the stockholder agreement that we will enter with Cementos Argos in connection with the Argos USA Transaction.

Under the stockholders agreement, for so long as Cementos Argos continues to beneficially own at greater than 25.0% of the then-outstanding shares of Class A common stock, neither the Company nor any of our subsidiaries may take any of the following actions without the prior written consent of Cementos Argos, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed: (i) voluntarily incur ‘‘Indebtedness’’ (as defined in the amended and restated credit agreement, dated as of July 17, 2015 by and among Summit Materials, LLC, the guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A. (the “Credit Agreement”)) if immediately following such incurrence, either the Company’s (1) Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement), or any substantially equivalent term in the Credit Agreement, would exceed 6.00:1.00 or (2) Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement), or any substantially equivalent term in the Credit Agreement, would exceed 8.00:1.00, (ii) enter into any material agreements or arrangements with affiliates of the Company or its subsidiaries providing for payments to such affiliates in excess of $20,000,000, subject to certain exceptions, (iii) fundamentally change the business of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, in a manner that would constitute a significant departure from the construction materials industry or result in the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, ceasing to operate in the construction materials industry, (iv) voluntarily liquidate, dissolve or wind-up the business and affairs of the Company; or (v) authorize, agree or commit to do any of the foregoing.

Accordingly, Cementos Argos’s influence over us could have a negative impact on our business and business prospects and negatively impact the trading price of our common stock.

Our results may suffer if we do not effectively manage our expanded operations following the Argos USA Transaction.

Following completion of the Argos USA Transaction, the size of our business will increase significantly beyond its current size. Our future success will depend, in part, on our ability to manage this expanded business, which poses numerous risks and uncertainties, including with respect to the need to integrate the operations and business of Argos USA into our existing business in an efficient and timely manner, to combine systems and management controls and to integrate relationships with customers, vendors and business partners.

Our current stockholders will have a reduced ownership and voting interest after the Argos USA Transaction is completed compared to their current ownership and will exercise less influence over management.

Immediately after the Argos USA Transaction is completed, it is expected that, on a fully-diluted basis, our current stockholders will collectively own approximately 69% and Cementos Argos will own approximately 31% of the outstanding shares of Class A common stock. As a result of the Argos USA Transaction, our current stockholders will own a smaller percentage of the Company than they currently own, and as a result will have less influence over our management and policies.

Sales of substantial amounts of Class A common stock in the open market by Cementos Argos and its affiliates could depress our stock price.

Shares of Class A common stock that are issued to Cementos Argos in connection with the Argos USA Transaction will become freely tradable, following a two year lock-up period from the closing date of the transaction, once registered pursuant to the registration rights agreement to be entered into, among the Company, Cementos Argos and the other parties thereto, or sold in compliance with Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (‘‘Rule 144’’). Pursuant to the registration rights agreement, all of the shares of Class A common stock issued as Stock Consideration to any of the parties to the registration rights agreement may be registered for resale. Once registered, the Class A common stock held by such party will not be subject to any restrictions or require further registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Cementos Argos may wish to dispose of some or all of their interests in us, and as a result may seek to sell their shares of Class A common stock. These sales (or the perception that these sales may occur), coupled with the increase in the number of outstanding shares of Class A common stock, may affect the market for, and the market price of, the Class A common stock in an adverse manner.

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If the Argos USA Transaction is completed and our stockholders, including the parties to the registration rights agreement, sell substantial amounts of Class A common stock in the public market following the closing of the Argos USA Transaction, the market price of the Class A common stock may decrease. These sales might also make it more difficult for us to raise capital by selling equity or equity-related securities at a time and price that it otherwise would deem appropriate.

Other Risks

We may not obtain the expected benefits of streamlining our corporate structure, and the costs and detriments may exceed any benefits actually obtained.

In August 2023, we announced a significant step towards streamlining our corporate structure by reaching an agreement to acquire Tax Receivable Agreement rights from certain of our pre-IPO investors. As a result, certain Tax Receivable Agreement rights previously held by third parties are now held by Summit LLC. In addition, as of October 31, 2023, 99.3% of the economic interest in Summit Holdings were held by Summit Inc. with only the remaining 0.7% held by pre-IPO investors. We expect to take additional steps in order to ultimately simplify our overall corporate structure and financial reporting by eliminating our so-called “Up-C” structure after which time all equity holders will hold their equity interests in our business at the Summit Inc. parent entity. The benefits we expect to receive from a streamlined corporate structure may not materialize in part or in full, or the detriments may significantly outweigh the benefits that do materialize, due to an overestimation of such expected benefits or underestimation of detriments by management, market conditions or other circumstances. As a result, we may incur costs and detriments of the Reorganization significantly in excess of the actual benefits.

In addition, as a result of our efforts to streamline our corporate structure and the entry into of agreements relating to the Argos USA Transaction, we expect that Summit Inc. may have material assets and liabilities in addition to holding interests in Summit Holdings and tax-related obligations. As a result, the remaining LP Units and our outstanding shares of Class A common stock may, in the interim, be less economically equivalent and remaining holders of LP Units may.

ITEM  2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES, USE OF PROCEEDS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM  4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

The information concerning mine safety violations and other regulatory matters required by Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Item 104 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR 229.104) is included in Exhibit 95.1 to this report.

ITEM  5. OTHER INFORMATION

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, no director or officer (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act) of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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ITEM  6. EXHIBITS

2.1	Transaction Agreement, dated September 7, 2023, among Summit Materials, Inc., Argos North America, Corp., Cementos Argos S.A., Argos SEM LLC, and Valle Cement Investments, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on September 8, 2023).
2.2	Form of Stockholder Agreement, among Summit Materials, Inc., Cementos Argos S.A., Argos SEM LLC, Valle Cement Investments, Inc. and Grupo Argos S.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on September 13, 2023).
3.1	Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Summit Materials, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Summit Materials, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 19, 2021).
3.2	Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Summit Materials, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to Summit Materials, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 19, 2021).
3.3	Certificate of Formation of Summit Materials, LLC, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Summit Materials, LLC’s Registration Statement on Form S-4, filed March 27, 2013 (File No. 333-187556)).
3.4	Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Summit Materials, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Registrants’ Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on October 30, 2019 (File No. 001-36783))
10.1*	Assignment Agreement, dated as of August 18, 2023, by and among Summit Materials, Inc. and each of the other persons party thereto.
10.2*	Amendment, dated as of September 28, 2023, to the Transition and Consulting Agreement, dated as of September 8, 2022, by and among Summit Materials, Inc. and Brian J. Harris.
31.1*	Summit Materials, Inc.’s Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*	Summit Materials, Inc.’s Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.3*	Summit Materials, LLC’s Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.4*	Summit Materials, LLC’s Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1**	Summit Materials, Inc.’s Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2**	Summit Materials, Inc.’s Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.3**	Summit Materials, LLC’s Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.4**	Summit Materials, LLC’s Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
95.1*	Mine Safety Disclosures
99.1*	Summit Materials, LLC’s Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
101.INS*	Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document
101.SCH*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104.1*	Cover Page from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL (and contained in Exhibit 101).

*     Filed herewith

**   Furnished herewith

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The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this report are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them other than for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrants have duly caused this report to be signed on their behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC.
	SUMMIT MATERIALS, LLC
Date: November 2, 2023	By:	/s/ Anne P. Noonan
		Anne P. Noonan
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: November 2, 2023	By:	/s/ C. Scott Anderson
		C. Scott Anderson
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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EX-10.1

Exhibit 10.1

ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT

This ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), dated as of August 18, 2023 (the “Effective Date”), is made and entered into by and among Blackstone Participation Partnership (Delaware) V-NQ L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Blackstone Family Investment Partnership (Delaware) V-NQ L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Blackstone Capital Partners (Delaware) V-NQ L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Blackstone Capital Partners (Delaware) NQ V-AC L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Summit BCP Intermediate Holdings L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (each a “Seller” and collectively the “Sellers”), Summit Materials, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”) and Summit Materials, Inc. (“Parent”).Capitalized terms that are used but not otherwise defined in this Agreement have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of March 11, 2015 (as amended by Amendment No. 1 to Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of May 10, 2023, the “TRA”), by and among the Sellers, Parent and certain other parties thereto.

RECITALS

WHEREAS, each of the Sellers are parties to the TRA;

WHEREAS, none of the Sellers has assigned the TRA or any of their respective rights thereunder to any Person; and

WHEREAS, the Company desires to acquire all of each Seller’s right, title and interest in the TRA, and each Seller desires to transfer all of its right, title and interest in the TRA to the Company on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing, of the mutual covenants and agreements herein contained and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereby agree as follows:

1.Conveyance and Acceptance. Pursuant to and in accordance with Section 7.6(a) of the TRA, each Seller severally and not jointly hereby sells, assigns, transfers and conveys (the “Assignment”) to the Company, and the Company hereby purchases and accepts, all right, title and interest of such Seller in, to and under the TRA (in each case, the “TRA Rights”), including, without limitation, (a) all rights of such Seller to receive any and all Tax Benefit Payments and/or NOL Tax Benefit Payments thereunder due on or after the Effective Date (whether or not arising out of or relating to a period prior to the Effective Date) free and clear of all liens and encumbrances and (b) all rights and obligations under the TRA of Blackstone Capital Partners (Delaware) V-NQ L.P. as the TRA Party Representative.

2.Purchase Price; Tax Treatment. As payment in full for the Assignment, the Company will, simultaneously with the Closing, pay to each Seller in cash, by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by such Seller, the amount set forth opposite such Seller’s name on Annex 1 of this Agreement (in each case, the “Purchase Price”). The Company shall not withhold any amounts from the Purchase Price.

3.Closing. The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the “Closing”) shall take place simultaneously with the execution of this Agreement on the date hereof by the electronic exchange of signature pages.

4.Joinder. Concurrently with the Closing, the Company hereby delivers the joinder to the TRA attached as Annex 2 of this Agreement.

5.Release.

(a)Effective at the Closing upon the parties hereto executing and delivering this Agreement and each Seller receiving its respective Purchase Price in full from the Company, (i) the Seller Parties irrevocably release, acquit and discharge the Company Parties from any and all TRA Claims (the “Seller Release”); provided that for the avoidance of doubt the Release shall in no way affect, modify or otherwise impair the rights of the Company as a TRA Party to the TRA Rights assigned hereunder following the Closing and (ii) the Company Parties irrevocably release, acquit and discharge the Seller Parties from any and all TRA Claims (the “Company Release” and, together with the Seller Release, the “Release”).

(b)For purposes of this Section 5, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

“Company Parties” means each of the Company and its direct and indirect subsidiaries and affiliates (including Parent), and each of their respective employees, officers, board members, board committees, legal and financial advisors, partners, managers, members, and shareholders, but excluding in each case any Seller Parties;

“Seller Parties” means each of the Sellers and their respective direct and indirect subsidiaries and affiliates, and each of their respective employees, officers, board members, board committees, legal and financial advisors, partners, managers, members, and shareholders; and

“TRA Claims” means all liabilities and obligations to (x) the Seller Parties, in the case of the Seller Release or (y) the Company Parties, in the case of the Company Release, in each case of clauses (x) and (y), of any kind or nature whatsoever arising with respect to the TRA whether absolute or contingent, liquidated or unliquidated, known or unknown, matured or unmatured or determined or determinable, and whether arising under any applicable law, contract, agreement, arrangement, commitment, undertaking or understanding, whether written or oral or otherwise at law or in equity.

6.Representations and Warranties by the Sellers. As an inducement to the Company and Parent to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the “Transactions”), each Seller represents and warrants to the Company and Parent as follows:

(a)Organization and Authority. Such Seller is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is organized. Such Seller has full power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and to carry out its obligations hereunder, and to consummate the Transactions. The execution and delivery by such Seller of this Agreement and the performance by Seller of its obligations hereunder, and the consummation by Seller of the Transactions have been duly authorized by all requisite action on the part of such Seller.

(b)Due Execution. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by such Seller, and (assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by the Company and the other Sellers) this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid, and binding obligation of such Seller enforceable against such Seller in accordance with its terms.

(c)No Conflicts. The execution, delivery, and performance by such Seller of this Agreement and the consummation of the Transactions, do not and will not: (i) conflict with or result in a violation or breach of, or default under, any provision of

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such Seller’s constitutional documents or any other agreement to which such Seller is a party or by which it is bound; or (ii) conflict with or result in a violation or breach of any provision of any law, order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, stipulation, determination, or award entered by or with any governmental authority and applicable to such Seller.

(d)Legal Proceedings. There are no claims, actions, causes of action, demands, lawsuits, arbitrations, inquiries, audits, notices of violation, proceedings, litigations, citations, summons, subpoenas or investigations of any nature, civil, criminal, administrative, regulatory or otherwise, whether at law or in equity (“Actions”)pending or threatened, against or by such Seller, or any Affiliate of such Seller (which, for the avoidance of doubt, does not include the Company) (A) relating to or affecting the TRA Rights, or (B)that challenge or seek to prevent, enjoin, or otherwise delay the Transactions. No event has occurred or circumstances exist that may give rise or serve as a basis for any such Action.

(e)Brokers. No broker, finder, or investment banker is entitled to any brokerage, finder’s or other fee or commission in connection with the Transactions based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of such Seller.

(f)Ownership of TRA Rights, Transfer. Such Seller is the lawful holder of the TRA Rights, and such Seller holds the TRA Rights free and clear of any mortgage, pledge, lien, charge, security interest, claim or other encumbrance. Except pursuant to this Agreement: (i) such Seller has not sold, transferred, assigned, pledged, conveyed or otherwise disposed of any of such Seller’s rights or obligations under the TRA or any rights of such Seller to receive Tax Benefit Payments and/or NOL Tax Benefit Payments due on or after the Effective Date thereunder (whether or not arising out of or relating to a period prior to the Effective Date) and (ii) there are no commitments, options, contracts or other arrangements whatsoever, whether written or oral, under which such Seller is or may become obligated to sell, transfer, pledge, assign, convey or otherwise dispose of any of such Seller’s rights or obligations under the TRA or any rights of such Seller to receive Tax Benefit Payments and/or NOL Tax Benefit Payments due on or after the Effective Date thereunder (whether or not arising out of or relating to a period prior to the Effective Date).

(g)Seller Acknowledgments. Such Seller acknowledges and agrees that, except for the specific representations made by the Company and Parent in Section 7 of this Agreement, the Company and Parent have made no representation or warranty, express or implied, at law or in equity, with respect to the TRA or any of the assets, liabilities or operations of the Company, Parent or any other person or entity.

7.Representations and Warranties by the Company and Parent. As an inducement to each Seller to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the Transactions, the Company (solely with respect to itself and not Parent) and Parent (solely with respect to itself and not the Company) represents and warrants to each Seller as follows:

(a)Organization and Authority. Each of the Company and Parent is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. Each of the Company and Parent has full power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to carry out its obligations hereunder, and to consummate the Transactions. The execution and delivery by the Company and Parent of this Agreement and the performance by the Company and Parent of its obligations hereunder, and the consummation by the Company and Parent of the Transactions have been duly authorized by all requisite action on the part of the Company and Parent.

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(b)Due Execution. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and Parent and (assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by the Sellers) this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company and Parent enforceable against the Company and Parent in accordance with its terms.

(c)No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company and Parent of this Agreement and the consummation of the Transactions do not and will not: (i) conflict with or result in a violation or breach of, or default under, any provision of the constitutional documents of the Company or Parent or any other agreement to which the Company or Parent is a party or by which it is bound; or (ii) conflict with or result in a violation or breach of any provision of any law or order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, stipulation, determination, or award entered by or with any governmental authority and applicable to the Company or Parent.

(d)Legal Proceedings. There are no Actions pending or threatened against or by the Company, Parent or any controlled Affiliate of Parent that challenge or seek to prevent, enjoin or otherwise delay the Transactions. No event has occurred or circumstances exist that may give rise or serve as a basis for any such Action.

(e)Brokers. No broker, finder or investment banker is entitled to any brokerage, finder’s or other fee or commission in connection with the Transactions based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of the Company or Parent.

(f)Company Acknowledgments. Each of the Company and Parent acknowledges and agrees that, except for the specific representations made by each Seller in Section 6 of this Agreement, (x) each Seller has made no representation or warranty, express or implied, at law or in equity, with respect to the TRA or any of the assets, liabilities or operations of Seller, the Company, Parent or any other person or entity, and (y) the Company is acquiring each Seller’s interest in the TRA on an “as is, where is” basis.

8.Notices. Any notice, request, or other document to be given hereunder to any party hereto shall be given in the manner specified in Section 7.1 of the TRA, provided, that in the case of a notice that is delivered by email, the requirement of confirmation of transmission by the transmitting equipment shall be deemed to have been satisfied if no “error” message or other notification of non-delivery is generated.

9.Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered to the other parties, it being understood that all parties need not sign the same counterpart. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Agreement by electronic delivery shall be as effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Agreement.

10.Entire Agreement; No Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement (including any schedules or annexes hereto) constitutes the entire agreement and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of each party hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns, and nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other Person any right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement; provided that the Company Parties and the Seller Parties shall be third-party beneficiaries of Section 5.

    4    

11.Governing Law; Disputes. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of the State of New York. Section 7.8 of the TRA shall apply to this Agreement, mutatis mutandis.

12.Severability.If any provision of this Agreement or the application of any such provision to any Person or circumstance is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, such provision shall be severed and enforced to the extent possible or modified in such a way as to make it enforceable, and the invalidity, illegality or unenforceability thereof shall not affect the validity, legality or enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement.

13.Further Assurances. Each party hereto agrees to take such further actions (including the execution and delivery of such other reasonable instruments of sale, transfer, conveyance, assignment, assumption and confirmation and providing materials and information) as may be necessary or desirable to sell, assign, transfer and convey to the Company all of each Seller’s right, title and interest in, to the TRA Rights, and to consummate the transactions contemplated in this Agreement (including the annexes hereto).

14.Assignment. No party hereto may assign any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent of each other party hereto; provided that the foregoing shall not impair or affect the ability of the Company to assign the TRA Rights pursuant to the TRA assigned hereunder following the Closing.

15.Amendment. Neither this Agreement nor any of its terms or provisions may be amended, modified, waived, discharged or terminated, except by a written instrument signed by each of the parties hereto.

16.Confidentiality. The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that information concerning this Agreement, including the existence, terms, and performance thereof, is confidential information of the Company that is subject to the terms of Section 7.12 of the TRA; provided that the Seller Parties may report and disclose the status and terms (including price terms) of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby to their current or prospective investors, direct or indirect limited partners, lenders or otherwise in the ordinary course of their business, including private equity/fund formation, fundraising, marketing, syndication, informational or reporting activities. Each of the Company and Parent agrees that if any public disclosure of this Agreement or the transactions contemplated thereby by the Company or Parent would include any reference to the Seller Parties, then the Company or Parent, as applicable, will prior to filing such report offer the Seller Parties the opportunity to review and comment on such disclosure, and consider in good faith any comments raised by the Seller Parties thereto so long as such comments are communicated in writing to the Company or Parent, as applicable, within two (2) full business days after the day of Seller Parties’ receipt thereof.

17.Survival. The representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement shall survive the Closing for a period of twelve (12) months following the Closing.

[Signature Pages Follow]

    5    

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has caused this Agreement to be duly executed on its behalf as of the day and year first above written.

Company:

SUMMIT MATERIALS, LLC

By: /s/ Christopher B. Gaskill

Name: Christopher B. Gaskill
Title: Secretary

Parent:

SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC.

By: /s/ Christopher B. Gaskill

Name: Christopher B. Gaskill
Title: EVP, Chief Legal Officer & Secretary

[Signature Page to Assignment Agreement]

Sellers:

BLACKSTONE PARTICIPATION PARTNERSHIP (DELAWARE) V-NQ L.P.

By: BCP V-NQ GP L.L.C., its general partner

By: /s/ A.J. Murphy

Name: A.J. Murphy

Title: Authorized Signatory

BLACKSTONE FAMILY INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIP (DELAWARE) V-NQ L.P.

By: BCP V-NQ GP L.L.C., its general partner

By: /s/ A.J. Murphy

Name: A.J. Murphy

Title: Authorized Signatory

BLACKSTONE CAPITAL PARTNERS (DELAWARE) V-NQ L.P.

By: Blackstone Management Associates (Cayman) V-NQ L.P., its general partner

By: BCP V-NQ GP L.L.C., its general partner

By: /s/ A.J. Murphy

Name: A.J. Murphy

Title: Authorized Signatory

[Signature Page to Assignment Agreement]

Sellers:

BLACKSTONE CAPITAL PARTNERS (DELAWARE) NQ V-AC L.P.

By: Blackstone Management Associates (Cayman) V-NQ L.P., its general partner

By: BCP V-NQ GP L.L.C., its general partner

By: /s/ A.J. Murphy

Name: A.J. Murphy

Title: Authorized Signatory

[Signature Page to Assignment Agreement]

Sellers:

SUMMIT BCP INTERMEDIATE HOLDINGS L.P.

By: Summit BCP Intermediate Holdings GP, Ltd.

By: /s/ Neil Simpkins

Name: Neil Simpkins

Title: Authorized Signatory

[Signature Page to Assignment Agreement]

EX-10.2

Exhibit 10.2

[***] Portions of this exhibit have been redacted in compliance with Regulation S-K Item 601(a)(6)

Summit Materials, Inc.

1801 California Street, Suite 3500

Denver, CO 80202

September 28, 2023

Brian J. Harris

[***]

Re: Amendment to Transition and Consulting Agreement

Dear Brian,

Reference is made to that certain transition and consulting agreement (the “Agreement”), dated as of September 8, 2022, by and among Summit Materials, Inc. (“Summit”) and you (the “Employee,” and together with Summit, collectively, the “Parties”). Capitalized terms used herein but not otherwise defined shall have the meaning as set forth in the Agreement.

The Parties desire to amend the Agreement as provided herein (the “Amendment”), effective immediately.

1.Transition Period. Section 1(a)(ii) of the Agreement is hereby amended to replace the reference to October 16, 2023, with October 6, 2023.

2.No Other Amendment. Except as expressly set forth in this Amendment, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect without other or further amendment or modification.

3.Counterparts. This Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, which will, collectively and separately, constitute one agreement.

[Signature Page Follows]

Please indicate acceptance of the terms of this Amendment in the space provided below, whereupon this Amendment and acceptance shall constitute a binding agreement between the Parties.

                            Sincerely,

                            Summit Materials, Inc.

                            By: /s/ Chris Gaskill

                            Name: Chris Gaskill

Title: EVP, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary

Agreed to and accepted on October 3, 2023:

Brian J. Harris

/s/ Brian J. Harris

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Anne P. Noonan, certify that:

1.    I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Summit Materials, Inc. (the “registrant”);

2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.    The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)    Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 2, 2023

/s/ Anne P. Noonan

Anne P. Noonan

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, C. Scott Anderson, certify that:

1.    I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Summit Materials, Inc. (the “registrant”);

2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.    The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)    Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 2, 2023

/s/ C. Scott Anderson

C. Scott Anderson

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-31.3

Exhibit 31.3

CERTIFICATION

I, Anne P. Noonan, certify that:

1.    I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Summit Materials, LLC (the “registrant”);

2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.    The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)    Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 2, 2023

/s/ Anne P. Noonan

Anne P. Noonan

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.4

Exhibit 31.4

CERTIFICATION

I, C. Scott Anderson, certify that:

1.    I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Summit Materials, LLC (the “registrant”);

2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.    The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)    Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 2, 2023

/s/ C. Scott Anderson

C. Scott Anderson

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

Certification

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

As adopted pursuant to

Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Summit Materials, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Anne P. Noonan, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(i)    The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(ii)    The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 2, 2023

/s/ Anne P. Noonan

Anne P. Noonan

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

Certification

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

As adopted pursuant to

Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Summit Materials, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, C. Scott Anderson, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(i)    The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(ii)    The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 2, 2023

/s/ C. Scott Anderson

C. Scott Anderson

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.3

Exhibit 32.3

Certification

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

As adopted pursuant to

Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Summit Materials, LLC (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Anne P. Noonan, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(i)    The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(ii)    The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 2, 2023

/s/ Anne P. Noonan

Anne P. Noonan

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-32.4

Exhibit 32.4

Certification

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

As adopted pursuant to

Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Summit Materials, LLC (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, C. Scott Anderson, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(i)    The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(ii)    The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: November 2, 2023

/s/ C. Scott Anderson

C. Scott Anderson

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-95.1

Exhibit 95.1

Mine Safety Disclosures

The operation of Summit Materials, Inc.’s and its subsidiaries’ (collectively, the “Company’s”) domestic aggregates quarries and mines are subject to regulation by the federal Mine Safety and Health Administration (“MSHA”) under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (the “Mine Act”). MSHA inspects the Company’s quarries and mines on a regular basis and issues various citations and orders when it believes a violation has occurred under the Mine Act. Whenever MSHA issues a citation or order, it also generally proposes a civil penalty, or fine, related to the alleged violation. Citations or orders may be contested and appealed, and as part of that process, are often reduced in severity and amount, and are sometimes dismissed.

Under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), the Company is required to present information regarding certain mining safety and health citations which MSHA has issued with respect to its aggregates mining operations in its periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). In evaluating this information, consideration should be given to factors such as: (i) the number of citations and orders will vary depending on the size of the quarry or mine and types of operations (underground or surface); (ii) the number of citations issued will vary from inspector to inspector and location to location; and (iii) citations and orders can be contested and appealed, and in that process, may be reduced in severity and amount, and are sometimes dismissed.

The Company has provided the information below in response to the rules and regulations of the SEC issued under Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Act. The disclosures reflect U.S. mining operations only, as the requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act and the SEC rules and regulations thereunder do not apply to the Company's quarries and mines operated outside the United States.

The Company presents the following items regarding certain mining safety and health matters for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 as applicable (Appendix 1):

•Total number of violations of mandatory health or safety standards that could significantly and substantially contribute to the cause and effect of a mine safety or health hazard under Section 104 of the Mine Act for which the Company has received a citation from MSHA (hereinafter, “Section 104 S&S Citations”). If MSHA determines that a violation of a mandatory health or safety standard is likely to result in a reasonably serious injury or illness under the unique circumstance contributed to by the violation, MSHA will classify the violation as a “significant and substantial” violation (commonly referred to as a “S&S” violation). MSHA inspectors will classify each citation or order written as a “S&S” violation or not.

•Total number of orders issued under Section 104(b) of the Mine Act (hereinafter, “Section 104(b) Orders”). These orders are issued for situations in which MSHA determines a previous violation covered by a Section 104(a) citation has not been totally abated within the prescribed time period, so a further order is needed to require the mine operator to immediately withdraw all persons (except authorized persons) from the affected area of a quarry or mine.

•Total number of citations and orders for unwarrantable failure of the mine operator to comply with mandatory health or safety standards under Section 104(d) of the Mine Act (hereinafter, “Section 104(d) Citations and Orders”). These violations are similar to those described above, but the standard is that the violation could significantly and substantially contribute to the cause and effect of a safety or health hazard, but the conditions do not cause imminent danger, and the MSHA inspector finds that the violation is caused by an unwarranted failure of the operator to comply with the health and safety standards.

•Total number of flagrant violations under Section 110(b)(2) of the Mine Act (hereinafter, “Section 110(b)(2) Violations”). These violations are penalty violations issued if MSHA determines that violations are “flagrant”, for which civil penalties may be assessed. A “flagrant” violation means a reckless or repeated failure to make reasonable efforts to eliminate a known violation of a mandatory health or safety standard that substantially and proximately caused, or reasonably could have been expected to cause, death or serious bodily injury.

•Total number of imminent danger orders issued under Section 107(a) of the Mine Act (hereinafter, “Section 107(a) Orders”). These orders are issued for situations in which MSHA determines an imminent danger exists in the quarry or mine and results in orders of immediate withdrawal of all persons (except certain authorized persons) from the area of the quarry or mine affected by its condition until the imminent danger and the underlying conditions causing the imminent danger no longer exist.

•Total dollar value of proposed assessments from MSHA under the Mine Act. These are the amounts of proposed assessments issued by MSHA with each citation or order for the time period covered by the reports. Penalties are assessed by MSHA according to a formula that considers a number of factors, including the mine operator’s history, size, negligence, gravity of the violation, good faith in trying to correct the violation promptly, and the effect of the penalty on the operator’s ability to continue in business.

•Total number of mining-related fatalities. Mines subject to the Mine Act are required to report all fatalities occurring at their facilities unless the fatality is determined to be “non-chargeable” to the mining industry. The final rules of the SEC require disclosure of mining-related fatalities at mines subject to the Mine Act. Only fatalities determined by MSHA not to be mining-related may be excluded.

•Receipt of written notice from MSHA of a pattern (or a potential to have such a pattern) of violations of mandatory health or safety standards that are of such nature as could have significantly and substantially contributed to the cause and effect of other mine health or safety hazards under Section 104(e) of the Mine Act. If MSHA determines that a mine has a “pattern” of these types of violations, or the potential to have such a pattern, MSHA is required to notify the mine operator of the existence of such a thing.

•Legal actions before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (the “Commission”) pending as of the last day of period.

•Legal actions before the Commission initiated during period.

•Legal actions before the Commission resolved during period.

The Commission is an independent adjudicative agency that provides administrative trial and appellate review of legal disputes arising under the Mine Act. The cases may involve, among other questions, challenges by operators to citations, orders and penalties they have received from MSHA, or complaints of discrimination by miners under Section 105 of the Mine Act. There were no legal actions pending before the Commission for any of the Company’s quarries or mines, as of or during the quarter ended September 30, 2023.

Appendix 1 follows.

Appendix 1

										Total				Received
					Total					Dollar		Total	Received	Written			Total
					Number of					Value of		Number of	Written	Notice of			Dollar		Number of
					Section 104	Section 104(b)	Section 104(d)			Proposed		Mining	Notice Under	Potential	Number of	Number of	Value of		Complaints of
				Number of	S&S	Citations and	Citations and	Section 110(b)(2)	Section 107(a)	MSHA		Related	Section 104(e)	Violation under	Contested	Contested	Penalties in		Discharge or
Name of Company	Name or Operation	MSHA ID	State	Inspections	Citation	Orders	Orders	Violations	Orders	Assessments		Fatalities	(yes/no)	104(e) (yes/no)	Citations	Penalties	Contest		Discrimination
Alleyton Resources	Altair Plant	4104375	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—	$	—	—	No	No	—	—	$	—	—
Alleyton Resources	Duncan Plant	4105187	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Alleyton Resources	Hanna's Bend Plant	4104631	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Alleyton Resources	Monahan	4104552	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Alleyton Resources	Smith Plant	4105210	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Alleyton Resources	Vox Plant	4105081	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Alleyton Resources	Eagle Lake	4104889	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Alleyton Resources	Ellinger	4104154	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Alleyton Resources	Romayor	4104893	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Alleyton Resources	Spring	4105125	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Alleyton Resources	Wegenhoft	4102916	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Alleyton Resources	Columbus	4104393	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Alleyton Resources	Hays Quarry	4104514	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Alleyton Resources	Florence Quarry	4104807	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Alleyton Resources	Hockley Pit	4103491	TX	2	2	2	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
American Materials	Bailey Mine	3102289	NC	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
American Materials	Black Creek Sand Mine	3800722	SC	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
American Materials	DIXIANA MINE	3800125	SC	2	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
American Materials	Dupree Mine	3102282	NC	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
American Materials	IVANHOE PIT	3102011	NC	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
American Materials	Richardson Mine	3800719	SC	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
American Materials	Sumter County Sand	3800575	SC	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
American Materials	Edisto Sand	3800745	SC	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
American Materials	Lanier Sand	3800535	SC	1	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
American Materials	Andrews Quarry	3800757	SC	2	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
American Materials	Greenville 2	3102353	NC	1	1	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	1	—		—	—
Arizona Materials	Buckeye	203165	AZ	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Arizona Materials	Pit 1 43rd	202867	AZ	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Austin Materials	Hays Quarry	4104514	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Austin Materials	Florence Quarry	4104807	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—
Boxley Materials	Georgia Stone Buckhorn Quarry	3800715	SC	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	—	No	No	—	—		—	—

Boxley Materials	Boxley Aggregates-Blue Ridge Plant	4400014	VA	5	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Boxley Materials	Boxley Aggregates-Fieldale Plant	4400074	VA	7	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Boxley Materials	Boxley Aggregates-Lawyers Rd Plt	4400015	VA	2	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Boxley Materials	Boxley Aggregates-Mt Athos Plant	4400106	VA	2	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Boxley Materials	Boxley Aggregates-Piney River Plant	4400035	VA	5	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Boxley Materials	Boxley Aggregates-Rich Patch Quarry	4406897	VA	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Boxley Materials	Broad River Crushed Stone, LLC	901225	GA	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Boxley Materials	McLanahan Crushed Stone	900050	GA	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Boxley Materials	PSC1 - EXTEC 5000S Screen	4404196	VA	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Boxley Materials	Georgia Stone Forsyth Quarry	901124	GA	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Boxley Materials	Boxley Buckingham Slate Quarry	4400061	VA	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Boxley Materials	Jefferson	901260	GA	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Boxley Materials	Ocala	801377	FL	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Big Spring	2300951	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Boon Quarries East	2300078	MO	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Boon Quarries West	2300022	MO	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Boone Quarries Houstonia	2302119	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Boone Quarries Jeff City BQJC	2302221	MO	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Boone Quarries Millersburg	2300160	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Boone Quarries Riggs	2302099	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Boone Quarries Tipton	2301586	MO	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Boone Quarries-North Telsmith Plant	2301894	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Boonville Quarry	2300097	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Con-Agg LLC dba Boone Quarries	2302153	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Harrisburg Plant 671	301603	AR	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Huntsville Quarry	2302004	MO	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Jonesboro Plant 675	300566	AR	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Marshall Junction Quarry	2301253	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Marshall Quarry	2300099	MO	2	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Mid-Missouri Limestone	2302009	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Mid-Missouri Limestone New Haven	2301765	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Mid-Missouri Limestone Reform	2301447	MO	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Norris Quarries Plant # 1	2301929	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Norris Quarries Plant #2	2302399	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Norris Quarries Plant #3	2301930	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Norris Quarries Stoner Sand	2302014	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Plant # 65	2301922	MO	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	plant # 80	2302071	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Plant # 81	2302296	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Plant #83	2302338	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—

Con-Agg of MO	Wesphalia	2301908	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Big Spring	2300951	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Marshall Quarry	2300099	MO	2	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Norris Quarries Plant # 02	2302541	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Stanberry Sand Plant	2301557	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Con-Agg of MO	Albany Plant	2302456	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Concrete Supply	Oakland Sand River Plant	1401742	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Concrete Supply	Silver Lake Plant	1401702	KS	2	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Continental Cement Company	Davenport Plant	1300125	IA	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Continental Cement Company	Hannibal Underground	2302434	MO	16	2	—	—	—	—	25,534	—	No	No	5	—	—	—
Continental Cement Company	Owensville Plant	2301038	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Cornejo & Sons	Durbin Quarry	14-01719	KS	4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Cornejo & Sons	Kingsbury	1400624	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Cornejo & Sons	Portable Plant #1	1401462	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Cornejo & Sons	Portable Plant #2	1401463	KS	1	1	—	—	—	—	538	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Cornejo & Sons	Portable Plant #3	1401464	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Cornejo & Sons	Portable Plant #4	1400156	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Cornejo & Sons	Portable Plant #5	1401648	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Cornejo & Sons	Oxford Sand and Gravel	1400522	KS	5	—	—	—	—	—	143	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Cornejo & Sons	Severy Quarry	1401584	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Cornejo & Sons	Augusta Quarry	1400126	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Cornejo & Sons	Augusta Quarry	1400126	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Cornejo & Sons	Severy Quarry	1401584	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Cornejo & Sons	Portable Plant #6	1401828	KS	4	1	—	—	—	—	300	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	Buildex	2300319	MO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	Lip Man Rip Rap	1401709	KS	5	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	Plant # 80002	1401583	KS	2	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	Plant # 80003	1401474	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	Plant # 80010	1401687	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	Plant # 80011	1401470	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	Plant # 80013	1401609	KS	3	1	—	—	—	—	300	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	Plant #80006	1401471	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	Plant #80012	1401472	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	Plant #81038	1401709	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	85.9	300566	AR	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	Lotawana Quarry	2301889	MO	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	Olathe Quarry	1401704	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	Astec Portable	1401807	KS	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	B3200 Contractor	B3200	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	DeSoto Sand	1401302	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Hamm Companies	Eagle Portable	1401816	KS	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Black Canyon 2100	1002146	ID	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Crusher 2	504645	CO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Crusher 3	504593	CO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Crusher1	504296	CO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Elam Construction Inc	504593	CO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	ESG Portable 1	505047	CO	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Extec S-5 Track Mounted Screen sn9617	502366	CO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—

Kilgore Companies	Grey Goose	503869	CO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Highland Pit	4200941	UT	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Crusher 4	504594	CO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	KC-Portable 2 (WY)	4801625	WY	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	KC-Portable 3 (WY)	4801626	WY	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Kolberg Portable Belt & Grizzly	4202384	UT	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Lewis & Lewis, Inc Pit #2	4801482	WY	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Maryland Creek	503800	CO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Metso LT106Track Mounted Jaw Crusher	504872	CO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Mona Pit	4202212	UT	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Parleys Stone	4202102	UT	2	2	—	—	—	—	6,766	—	—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Benjamin Quarry	4202528	UT	1	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Erda	4201479	UT	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Portable 3	4201823	UT	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Portable 4	4202465	UT	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Hyrum	4202360	UT	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Brigham	4202523	UT	2	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	PORTABLE CRUSHER UNIT B	4201963	UT	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Portable Crusher, Unit F	4202042	UT	2	1	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Powerscreen 2100-2	1002147	ID	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Rental Plant 1	504616	CO	1	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Roadrunner Screen	1001916	ID	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Sierra Ready Mix Quarry Site	2602594	NV	7	4	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Snowstorm Portable Plant	501013	CO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Stockton Pit	4202480	UT	1	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Washplant 5	4201736	UT	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Valley Pit	4200400	UT	1	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Washplant 1	504873	CO	2	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Washplant 2	504746	CO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Washplant 3	504565	CO	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Washplant 4	503809	CO	1	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	West Valley	4201980	UT	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Walker Pit	1000772	ID	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Burley Pit	1001668	ID	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Wellsville Pit	4201960	UT	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Kilgore Companies	Bluffdale Pit	4202179	UT	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
RK Hall Construction	Clements Pit	41-4129	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
RK Hall Construction	Kirby Crusher #15	301958	AR	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
RK Hall Construction	Pope's Point	3401930	OK	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
RK Hall Construction	Sawyer Plant	3401950	OK	6	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
RK Hall Construction	XIT Quarry	4104785	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
RK Hall Construction	Atoka Quarry	3402026	OK	1	1	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Troy Vines	Vines Portable Plant	4103607	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—
Troy Vines	Vines Sand and Gravel	4103348	TX	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—	No	No	—	—	—	—

EX-99.1

Exhibit 99.1

SUMMIT MATERIALS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands) 

	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
	(unaudited)		(audited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	192,996	$	520,451
Accounts receivable, net	375,929		256,669
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	40,985		6,510
Inventories	243,136		212,491
Other current assets	17,976		20,787
Current assets held for sale	1,702		1,468
Current portion of tax receivable agreement interests	4,400		—
Total current assets	877,124		1,018,376
Property, plant and equipment, less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization (September 30, 2023 - $1,387,348 and December 31, 2022 - $1,267,557)	1,974,532		1,813,702
Goodwill	1,242,472		1,133,546
Intangible assets, less accumulated amortization (September 30, 2023 - $18,115 and December 31, 2022 - $15,503)	68,814		71,384
Operating lease right-of-use assets	38,380		37,889
Other assets	51,201		44,809
Tax receivable agreement interest, net of current portion	118,535		—
Total assets	$	4,371,058	$	4,119,706
Liabilities and Members' Interest
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	$	3,822	$	5,096
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	7,028		13,718
Accounts payable	172,982		104,430
Accrued expenses	148,105		120,708
Current operating lease liabilities	8,745		7,296
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	8,539		5,739
Total current liabilities	349,221		256,987
Long-term debt	1,488,069		1,488,569
Acquisition-related liabilities	27,633		29,051
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	34,838		35,737
Other noncurrent liabilities	165,195		166,212
Total liabilities	2,064,956		1,976,556
Commitments and contingencies (see note 11)
Members' equity	1,429,956		1,425,278
Accumulated earnings	897,227		739,248
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(21,081)		(21,376)
Total members' interest	2,306,102		2,143,150
Total liabilities and members' interest	$	4,371,058	$	4,119,706

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

SUMMIT MATERIALS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands)

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Revenue:
Product	$	641,778	$	587,138	$	1,609,664	$	1,485,746
Service	100,182		98,871		219,939		224,676
Net revenue	741,960		686,009		1,829,603		1,710,422
Delivery and subcontract revenue	52,837		66,738		129,732		149,826
Total revenue	794,797		752,747		1,959,335		1,860,248
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Product	412,784		392,187		1,086,299		1,042,888
Service	77,538		76,011		173,568		179,807
Net cost of revenue	490,322		468,198		1,259,867		1,222,695
Delivery and subcontract cost	52,837		66,738		129,732		149,826
Total cost of revenue	543,159		534,936		1,389,599		1,372,521
General and administrative expenses	50,895		39,232		150,731		136,897
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	57,452		52,133		163,133		150,483
Transaction costs	17,442		727		19,518		2,637
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment	(2,134)		(1,343)		(5,787)		(6,293)
Operating income	127,983		127,062		242,141		204,003
Interest expense	28,013		21,980		83,335		62,728
Loss on debt financings	—		—		493		—
Gain on sale of businesses	—		(4,115)		—		(174,373)
Other income, net	(3,581)		(3,283)		(14,769)		(4,956)
Income from operations before taxes	103,551		112,480		173,082		320,604
Income tax expense	8,451		7,147		15,103		19,557
Net income attributable to Summit LLC	$	95,100	$	105,333	$	157,979	$	301,047

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

SUMMIT MATERIALS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(In thousands)

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Net income	$	95,100	$	105,333	$	157,979	$	301,047
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(3,810)		(10,247)		295		(14,113)
Comprehensive income attributable to Summit LLC	$	91,290	$	95,086	$	158,274	$	286,934

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

SUMMIT MATERIALS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	157,979	$	301,047
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	168,758		160,162
Share-based compensation expense	15,116		15,058
Net gain on asset and business disposals	(5,790)		(180,240)
Non-cash loss on debt financings	161		—
Change in deferred tax asset, net	(134)		3,842
Other	(105)		(396)
Decrease (increase) in operating assets, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts receivable, net	(107,349)		(96,724)
Inventories	(23,935)		(53,762)
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	(34,463)		(32,042)
Other current assets	38		(6,961)
Other assets	6,608		3,432
(Decrease) increase in operating liabilities, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts payable	47,980		43,899
Accrued expenses	19,035		(21,780)
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	2,812		646
Other liabilities	(3,088)		(4,601)
Net cash provided by operating activities	243,623		131,580
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(239,508)		(1,933)
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(182,182)		(189,008)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment	9,760		8,298
Proceeds from sale of businesses	—		373,790
Other	(3,602)		(2,214)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(415,532)		188,933
Cash flows from financing activities:
Capital (distributions to) contributions by member	112		(100,781)
Debt issuance costs	(1,566)		—
Payments on debt	(8,520)		(113,769)
Cash paid for tax receivable agreement interests	(122,935)		—
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	(12,203)		(12,964)
Distributions	(4,538)		(34,155)
Other	(6,011)		(774)
Net cash used in financing activities	(155,661)		(262,443)
Impact of foreign currency on cash	115		(1,732)
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(327,455)		56,338
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of period	520,451		380,961
Cash and cash equivalents – end of period	$	192,996	$	437,299

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

SUMMIT MATERIALS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Members' Interest

(In thousands)

	Total Members' Interest
					Accumulated
					other		Total
	Members'		Accumulated		comprehensive		members'
	equity		earnings		loss		interest
Balance — December 31, 2022	$	1,425,278	$	739,248	$	(21,376)	$	2,143,150
Net contributed capital	15		—		—		15
Net loss	—		(37,211)		—		(37,211)
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		203		203
Share-based compensation	4,708		—		—		4,708
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	(5,719)		—		—		(5,719)
Balance — April 1, 2023	$	1,424,282	$	702,037	$	(21,173)	$	2,105,146
Net contributed capital	69		—		—		69
Net income	—		100,090		—		100,090
Other comprehensive income	—		—		3,902		3,902
Share-based compensation	5,216		—		—		5,216
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	881		—		—		881
Balance — July 1, 2023	$	1,430,448	$	802,127	$	(17,271)	$	2,215,304
Net contributed capital	28		—		—		28
Net income	—		95,100		—		95,100
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		(3,810)		(3,810)
Distributions	(4,538)		—		—		(4,538)
Share-based compensation	5,192		—		—		5,192
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	(1,174)		—		—		(1,174)
Balance — September 30, 2023	$	1,429,956	$	897,227	$	(21,081)	$	2,306,102
Balance — January 1, 2022	$	1,507,859	$	393,111	$	(16,026)	$	1,884,944
Net contributed capital	(47,482)		—		—		(47,482)
Net loss	—		(46,387)		—		(46,387)
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		1,744		1,744
Share-based compensation	5,422		—		—		5,422
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	(1,180)		—		—		(1,180)
Balance — April 2, 2022	$	1,464,619	$	346,724	$	(14,282)	$	1,797,061
Net contributed capital	96		—		—		96
Net income	—		242,101		—		242,101
Other comprehensive income	—		—		(5,610)		(5,610)
Distributions	(25)		—		—		(25)
Share-based compensation	4,734		—		—		4,734
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	991		—		—		991
Balance — July 2, 2022	$	1,470,415	$	588,825	$	(19,892)	$	2,039,348
Net contributed capital	(53,395)		—		—		(53,395)
Net income	—		105,333		—		105,333
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		(10,247)		(10,247)
Distributions	(34,130)		—		—		(34,130)
Share-based compensation	4,902		—		—		4,902
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	(585)		—		—		(585)
Balance — October 1, 2022	$	1,387,207	$	694,158	$	(30,139)	$	2,051,226

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

SUMMIT MATERIALS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in tables in thousands)

1. SUMMARY OF ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Summit Materials, LLC (“Summit LLC” and, together with its subsidiaries, “Summit,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company”) is a vertically-integrated construction materials company. The Company is engaged in the production and sale of aggregates, cement, ready-mix concrete, asphalt paving mix and concrete products and owns and operates quarries, sand and gravel pits, two cement plants, cement distribution terminals, ready-mix concrete plants, asphalt plants and landfill sites. It is also engaged in paving and related services. The Company’s three operating and reporting segments are the West, East and Cement segments.

Substantially all of the Company’s construction materials, products and services are produced, consumed and performed outdoors, primarily in the spring, summer and fall. Seasonal changes and other weather-related conditions can affect the production and sales volumes of its products and delivery of services. Therefore, the financial results for any interim period are typically not indicative of the results expected for the full year. Furthermore, the Company’s sales and earnings are sensitive to national, regional and local economic conditions, weather conditions and to cyclical changes in construction spending, among other factors.

Summit LLC is a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Summit Materials Holdings L.P. (“Summit Holdings”), whose primary owner is Summit Materials, Inc. (“Summit Inc.”). Summit Inc. was formed as a Delaware corporation on September 23, 2014. Its sole material asset is a controlling equity interest in Summit Holdings. Pursuant to a reorganization into a holding company structure (the “Reorganization”) consummated in connection with Summit Inc.’s March 2015 initial public offering, Summit Inc. became a holding corporation operating and controlling all of the business and affairs of Summit Holdings and its subsidiaries, including Summit LLC.

Basis of Presentation—These unaudited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures typically included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company continues to follow the accounting policies set forth in those audited consolidated financial statements.

Management believes that these consolidated interim financial statements include all adjustments, normal and recurring in nature, that are necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2023, the results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022 and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022.

Use of Estimates—Preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities and reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of accounts receivable, inventories, valuation of deferred tax assets, goodwill, intangibles and other long-lived assets, tax receivable agreement ("TRA") asset, pension and other postretirement obligations and asset retirement obligations. Estimates also include revenue earned on contracts and costs to complete contracts. Most of the Company’s paving and related services are performed under fixed unit-price contracts with state and local governmental entities. Management regularly evaluates its estimates and assumptions based on historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results can differ significantly from estimates made. Changes in estimates, including those resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment, are reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements when the change in estimate occurs.

Business and Credit Concentrations—The Company’s operations are conducted primarily across 21 U.S. states and in British Columbia, Canada, with the most significant revenue generated in Texas, Utah, Kansas and Missouri. The Company’s accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts due from customers within these areas. Therefore, collection of these accounts is dependent on the economic conditions in the aforementioned states, as well as specific situations affecting individual customers. Credit granted within the Company’s trade areas has been granted to many customers, and management does not

believe that a significant concentration of credit exists with respect to any individual customer or group of customers. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 or October 1, 2022.

Revenue Recognition—We earn revenue from the sale of products, which primarily include aggregates, cement, ready-mix concrete and asphalt, but also include concrete products and plastics components, and from the provision of services, which are primarily paving and related services, but also include landfill operations, the receipt and disposal of waste that is converted to fuel for use in our cement plants.

Products: Revenue for product sales is recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied, which generally is when the product is shipped.

Services: We earn revenue from the provision of services, which are primarily paving and related services, which are typically calculated using monthly progress based on a method similar to percentage of completion or a customer’s engineer review of progress.

The majority of our construction service contracts are completed within one year, but may occasionally extend beyond this time frame. The majority of our construction service contracts are for work that occurs mostly during the spring, summer and fall. We generally measure progress toward completion on long-term paving and related services contracts based on the proportion of costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion.

Estimating costs to be incurred for revenue recognition involves the use of various estimating techniques to project costs at completion, and in some cases includes estimates of recoveries asserted against the customer for changes in specifications or other disputes.

Prior Year Reclassifications — We have reclassified transaction costs of $0.7 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, respectively, from general and administrative expenses to a separate line item included in operating income to conform to the current year presentation.

2. ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSITIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES

The financial results of each acquisition have been included in the Company’s consolidated results of operations beginning on the respective closing dates of the acquisitions. The Company measures all assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their acquisition-date fair value. Goodwill acquired during a business combination has an indefinite life and is not amortized.

The following table summarizes the Company’s acquisitions by region and period:

	Nine months ended	Year ended
	September 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
West	3	—
East	1	2

The purchase price allocation, primarily the valuation of property, plant and equipment for the acquisitions completed during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as well as the acquisitions completed during 2022 that occurred after October 1, 2022, have not yet been finalized due to the recent timing of the acquisitions, status of the valuation of property, plant and equipment and finalization of related tax returns. The following table summarizes aggregated information regarding the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the respective acquisition dates:

	Nine months ended		Year ended
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Financial assets	$	12,747	$	297
Inventories	6,694		161
Property, plant and equipment	124,051		30,041
Other assets	1,550		1,116
Financial liabilities	(11,973)		(1,120)
Other long-term liabilities	(768)		(1,589)
Net assets acquired	132,301		28,906
Goodwill	108,803		—
Purchase price	241,104		28,906
Acquisition-related liabilities	—		(6,176)
Other	(1,596)		—
Net cash paid for acquisitions	$	239,508	$	22,730

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, by reportable segment, from December 31, 2022 to September 30, 2023 are summarized as follows:

	West		East		Cement		Total
Balance—December 31, 2022	$	567,389	$	361,501	$	204,656	$	1,133,546
Acquisitions (1)	108,803		—		—		108,803
Foreign currency translation adjustments	123		—		—		123
Balance—September 30, 2023	$	676,315	$	361,501	$	204,656	$	1,242,472

_______________________________________________________________________

(1) Reflects goodwill from 2023 acquisitions.

The Company’s intangible assets subject to amortization are primarily composed of operating permits, mineral lease agreements and reserve rights. Operating permits relate to permitting and zoning rights acquired outside of a business combination. The assets related to mineral lease agreements reflect the submarket royalty rates paid under agreements, primarily for extracting aggregates. The values were determined as of the respective acquisition dates by a comparison of market-royalty rates. The reserve rights relate to aggregate reserves to which the Company has certain rights of ownership, but does not own the reserves. The intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lives of the leases or permits. The following table shows intangible assets by type and in total:

	September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Operating permits	$	38,677	$	(5,291)	$	33,386	$	38,677	$	(4,109)	$	34,568
Mineral leases	17,778		(7,452)		10,326		18,091		(7,056)		11,035
Reserve rights	25,586		(4,814)		20,772		25,242		(3,872)		21,370
Other	4,888		(558)		4,330		4,877		(466)		4,411
Total intangible assets	$	86,929	$	(18,115)	$	68,814	$	86,887	$	(15,503)	$	71,384

Amortization expense totaled $0.8 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $0.8 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, respectively The estimated amortization expense for the intangible assets for each of the five years subsequent to September 30, 2023 is as follows:

2023 (three months)	$	1,001
2024	4,011
2025	3,969
2026	3,920
2027	3,908
2028	3,910
Thereafter	48,095
Total	$	68,814

In September 2023, Summit Inc. entered into a definitive agreement to acquire all of the outstanding equity interests of Argos North America Corp. (“Argos USA”) in a cash and stock transaction valued at $3.2 billion. Argos USA is among the largest cement producers with four integrated cement plants and approximately 140 ready-mix plants in the Southeast, Mid-Atlantic and Texas geographies. Under the terms of the agreement, the shareholders of Argos USA will receive approximately $1.2 billion in cash subject to closing adjustments and approximately 54.7 million shares of Summit Inc.'s Class A common stock. In connection with the agreement, the Company has obtained committed financing in the form of a $1.3 billion 364-day term loan bridge facility to finance the cash consideration to be paid to the shareholders of Argos USA. The Company expects to enter into permanent financing agreements prior to the transaction closing, which would reduce any amounts that may ultimately be borrowed under the term loan bridge facility. The transaction closing is expected to occur prior to the end of the first quarter of 2024, subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approvals and approval by Summit Inc.'s stockholders.

3. REVENUE RECOGNITION

We derive our revenue predominantly by selling construction materials, products and providing paving and related services. Construction materials consist of aggregates and cement. Products consist of related downstream products, including ready-mix concrete, asphalt paving mix and concrete products. Paving and related service revenue is generated primarily from the asphalt paving services that we provide.

Revenue by product for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022 is as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Revenue by product*:
Aggregates	$	179,819	$	163,524	$	505,984	$	448,397
Cement	115,135		112,489		267,755		241,858
Ready-mix concrete	213,325		189,081		551,673		530,001
Asphalt	117,896		106,804		236,340		218,083
Paving and related services	110,370		120,327		226,928		249,547
Other	58,252		60,522		170,655		172,362
Total revenue	$	794,797	$	752,747	$	1,959,335	$	1,860,248

*Revenue from liquid asphalt terminals is included in asphalt revenue.

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Trade accounts receivable	$	305,436	$	215,766
Construction contract receivables	64,438		37,067
Retention receivables	13,165		11,048
Accounts receivable	383,039		263,881
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts	(7,110)		(7,212)
Accounts receivable, net	$	375,929	$	256,669

Retention receivables are amounts earned by the Company but held by customers until paving and related service contracts and projects are near completion or fully completed. Amounts are generally billed and collected within one year.

4. INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Aggregate stockpiles	$	165,071	$	148,347
Finished goods	43,316		33,622
Work in process	11,220		8,191
Raw materials	23,529		22,331
Total	$	243,136	$	212,491

5. ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accrued expenses consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Interest	$	10,677	$	24,625
Payroll and benefits	48,595		34,485
Finance lease obligations	3,399		6,959
Insurance	23,874		18,127
Non-income taxes	14,835		5,101
Deferred asset purchase payments	5,892		5,131
Professional fees	11,980		924
Other (1)	28,853		25,356
Total	$	148,105	$	120,708

_______________________________________________________________________

(1) Consists primarily of current portion of asset retirement obligations and miscellaneous accruals.

6. DEBT

Debt consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Term Loan, due 2027:
$505.7 million and $509.6 million, net of $4.2 million and $5.0 million discount at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	$	501,492	$	504,549
6 1/2% Senior Notes, due 2027	300,000		300,000
5 1/4% Senior Notes, due 2029	700,000		700,000
Total	1,501,492		1,504,549
Current portion of long-term debt	3,822		5,096
Long-term debt	$	1,497,670	$	1,499,453

The contractual payments of long-term debt, including current maturities, for the five years subsequent to September 30, 2023, are as follows:

2023 (three months)	$	1,274
2024	3,822
2025	6,369
2026	5,096
2027	789,177
2028	—
Thereafter	700,000
Total	1,505,738
Less: Original issue net discount	(4,246)
Less: Capitalized loan costs	(9,601)
Total debt	$	1,491,891

Senior Notes—On August 11, 2020, Summit LLC and Summit Finance (together, the “Issuers”) issued $700.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.250% senior notes due January 15, 2029 (the “2029 Notes”). The 2029 Notes were issued at 100.0% of their par value with proceeds of $690.4 million, net of related fees and expenses. The 2029 Notes were issued under an indenture dated August 11, 2020 (the "2029 Notes Indenture"). The 2029 Notes Indenture contains covenants limiting, among other things, Summit LLC and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred shares, pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions, make certain investments, sell or transfer certain assets, create liens, consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets, enter into certain transactions with affiliates, and designate subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries. The 2029 Notes Indenture also contains customary events of default. Interest on the 2029 Notes is payable semi-annually on January 15 and July 15 of each year commencing on January 15, 2021.

On March 15, 2019, the Issuers issued $300.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.500% senior notes due March 15, 2027 (the “2027 Notes”). The 2027 Notes were issued at 100.0% of their par value with proceeds of $296.3 million, net of related fees and expenses. The 2027 Notes were issued under an indenture dated March 25, 2019, the terms of which are generally consistent with the 2029 Notes Indenture. Interest on the 2027 Notes is payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15 of each year commencing on September 15, 2019.

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the applicable indentures.

Senior Secured Credit Facilities— Summit LLC has credit facilities that provide for term loans in an aggregate amount of $505.7 million and revolving credit commitments in an aggregate amount of $395.0 million (the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”). Under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, required principal repayments of 0.25% of the refinanced aggregate amount of term debt are due on the last business day of each March, June, September and December commencing with the March 2023 payment. The interest rate on the term loan is a variable rate, it was 8.57% as of September 30, 2023. In 2022, the Company repaid $95.6 million of its term loan under provisions related to divestitures of businesses.

On December 14, 2022, Summit Materials, LLC entered into Amendment No. 5 to the credit agreement governing the Senior Secured Credit Facilities (the “Credit Agreement”), which among other things, (a) refinanced the existing $509.6 million of existing term loans with new term loans under the Term Loan Facility bearing interest, at Summit LLC’s option, based on either the base rate or Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) rate and an applicable margin of (i) 2.00% per annum with respect to base rate borrowings and a floor of 1.00% per annum or (ii) 3.00% per annum with respect to Term SOFR borrowings, with a SOFR adjustment of 0.10% per annum and a floor of zero, and (b) extended the maturity date to December 14, 2027.

On January 10, 2023, Summit Materials, LLC entered into Amendment No. 6 to the Credit Agreement, which among other things, increased the maximum amount available to $395.0 million and extended the maturity date to January 10, 2028. The revolving credit agreement bears interest per annum equal to a Term SOFR Rate with a SOFR adjustment of 0.10% per annum and a floor of zero.

There were no outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, with borrowing capacity of $374.1 million remaining as of September 30, 2023, which is net of $20.9 million of outstanding letters of credit. The outstanding letters of credit are renewed annually and support required bonding on construction projects, large leases, workers compensation claims and the Company’s insurance liabilities.

Summit LLC’s Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio, as such term is defined in the Credit Agreement, should be no greater than 4.75:1.0 as of each quarter-end. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Summit LLC was in compliance with all financial covenants.

Summit LLC’s wholly-owned domestic subsidiary companies, subject to certain exclusions and exceptions, are named as subsidiary guarantors of the Senior Notes and the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. In addition, Summit LLC has pledged substantially all of its assets as collateral, subject to certain exclusions and exceptions, for the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.

In September 2023, in connection with our agreement to combine with Argos USA, we obtained a $1.3 billion 364-day term loan bridge facility commitment from various financial institutions. The term loan bridge facility may only be drawn to close the transaction. We expect to obtain permanent financing prior to our combination with Argos USA, at which time the term loan bridge facility commitment will expire.

The following table presents the activity for the deferred financing fees for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022:

	Deferred financing fees
Balance—December 31, 2022	$	11,489
Loan origination fees	1,566
Amortization	(1,838)
Write off of deferred financing fees	(160)
Balance—September 30, 2023	$	11,057
Balance - January 1, 2022	$	13,049
Amortization	(2,028)
Balance -October 1, 2022	$	11,021

Other—On January 15, 2015, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary in British Columbia, Canada entered into an agreement with HSBC Bank Canada, which was amended on November 30, 2020, for a (i) $6.0 million Canadian dollar (“CAD”) revolving credit commitment to be used for operating activities that bears interest per annum equal to the bank’s prime rate plus 0.20%, (ii) $0.5 million CAD revolving credit commitment to be used for capital equipment that bears interest per annum at the bank’s prime rate plus 0.20% and (iii) $1.5 million CAD revolving credit commitment to provide guarantees on behalf of that subsidiary and (iv) $10.0 million CAD revolving foreign exchange facility available to purchase foreign exchange forward contracts. There were no amounts outstanding under this agreement as of September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022, which may be terminated upon demand.

7. INCOME TAXES

Summit LLC is a limited liability company and passes its tax attributes for federal and state tax purposes to its parent company and is generally not subject to federal or state income tax. However, certain subsidiary entities file federal, state and Canadian income tax returns due to their status as taxable entities in the respective jurisdiction. The effective income tax rate for the C Corporations differs from the statutory federal rate primarily due to (1) tax depletion expense in excess of the expense recorded under U.S. GAAP, (2) basis differences in assets divested, (3) state income taxes and the effect of graduated tax rates and (4) various other items, such as limitations on meals and entertainment and other costs. The effective income tax rate for the Canadian subsidiary is not significantly different from its historical effective tax rate.

No material interest or penalties were recognized in income tax expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022.

In 2015, Summit Inc. entered into a TRA with the holders of LP Units and certain other pre-initial public offering owners that provides for the payment by Summit Inc. to exchanging holders of LP Units of 85% of the benefits, if any, that Summit Inc. actually realizes (or, under certain circumstances such as an early termination of the TRA, is deemed to realize) as the result of increases in the tax basis of tangible and intangible assets of Summit Holdings and certain other tax benefits related to entering into the TRA, including the tax benefits attributable to payments under the TRA.

In the third quarter of 2023, Summit LLC reached an agreement to acquire all of the rights and interests in the TRA from affiliates of Blackstone Inc. and certain other TRA holders for cash consideration of $122.9 million. In connection with these transactions, Summit LLC and Summit Inc. reached an agreement whereby the maximum amount Summit Inc is obligated to pay Summit LLC for the TRA interests acquired is limited to the amount Summit LLC paid for the TRA interests.

Each year, Summit Inc updates the estimated timing as to when TRA payments are expected to be made. The timing and cash tax savings of those payments can cause variations in the future value of the TRA tax attributes.. Summit LLC expects to fully realize the value its TRA interests held via future payments from Summit Inc.

As of September 30, 2023, Summit LLC had a current TRA interest asset of $4.4 million and a noncurrent TRA interest asset of $118.5 million.

8. MEMBERS’ INTEREST

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) —The changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consisted of the following:

					Accumulated
			Foreign currency		other
	Change in		translation		comprehensive
	retirement plans		adjustments		(loss) income
Balance — December 31, 2022	$	(762)	$	(20,614)	$	(21,376)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		295		295
Balance — September 30, 2023	$	(762)	$	(20,319)	$	(21,081)
Balance — January 1, 2022	$	(7,243)	$	(8,783)	$	(16,026)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		(14,113)		(14,113)
Balance — October 1, 2022	$	(7,243)	$	(22,896)	$	(30,139)

9. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

Supplemental cash flow information is as follows:

	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Cash payments:
Interest	$	88,400	$	70,184
Payments for income taxes, net	13,602		15,888
Operating cash payments on operating leases	7,578		7,112
Operating cash payments on finance leases	400		890
Finance cash payments on finance leases	6,137		13,465
Non cash investing and financing activities:
Accrued liabilities for purchases of property, plant and equipment	$	22,244	$	16,778
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	6,371		13,302
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for finance leases obligations	413		258

10. LEASES

We lease construction and office equipment, distribution facilities and office space. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less, including month to month leases, are not recorded on the balance sheet. Lease expense for short-term leases is recognized on a straight line basis over the lease term. For lease agreements we have entered into or reassessed, we combine lease and nonlease components. While we also own mineral leases for mining operations, those leases are outside the scope of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-2, Leases (Topic 842). Assets acquired under finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment.

Many of our leases include options to purchase the leased equipment. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The components of lease expense were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,903	$	2,398	$	8,241		$	7,181
Variable lease cost	39		70		103			225
Short-term lease cost	13,238		11,916		30,692			31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483		1,235		2,015			4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118		239		399			879
Total lease cost	$	16,781	$	15,858	$	41,450		$	43,980
					September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets					$	38,380		$	37,889
Current operating lease liabilities					$	8,745		$	7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities					34,838			35,737
Total operating lease liabilities					$	43,583		$	43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross					$	20,030		$	32,119
Less accumulated depreciation					(9,893)			(14,992)
Property and equipment, net					$	10,137		$	17,127
Current finance lease liabilities					$	3,399		$	6,959
Long-term finance lease liabilities					5,180			7,167
Total finance lease liabilities					$	8,579		$	14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases					8.4			9.1
Finance lease					3.4			2.8
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases					5.1		%	4.7		%
Finance leases					5.9		%	5.3		%
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:
					Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023 (three months)					$	2,739		$	1,283
2024					10,294			3,052
2025					8,165			2,435
2026					6,414			990
2027					4,760			760
2028					3,450			513
Thereafter					17,600			570
Total lease payments					53,422			9,603
Less imputed interest					(9,839)			(1,024)
Present value of lease payments					$	43,583		$	8,579

11. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company is party to certain legal actions arising from the ordinary course of business activities. Accruals are recorded when the outcome is probable and can be reasonably estimated. While the ultimate results of claims and litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, management expects that the ultimate resolution of all current pending or threatened claims and litigation will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity. The Company records legal fees as incurred.

In March 2018, we were notified of an investigation by the Canadian Competition Bureau (the “CCB”) into pricing practices by certain asphalt paving contractors in British Columbia, including Winvan Paving, Ltd. (“Winvan”). We believe the investigation is focused on time periods prior to our April 2017 acquisition of Winvan and we are cooperating with the CCB. Although we currently do not believe this matter will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations, we are currently not able to predict the ultimate outcome or cost of the investigation.

Environmental Remediation and Site Restoration—The Company’s operations are subject to and affected by federal, state, provincial and local laws and regulations relating to the environment, health and safety and other regulatory matters. These operations require environmental operating permits, which are subject to modification, renewal and revocation. The Company regularly monitors and reviews its operations, procedures and policies for compliance with these laws and regulations. Despite these compliance efforts, risk of environmental liability is inherent in the operation of the Company’s business, as it is with other companies engaged in similar businesses and there can be no assurance that environmental liabilities or noncompliance will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

The Company has asset retirement obligations arising from regulatory and contractual requirements to perform reclamation activities at the time certain quarries and landfills are closed. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, $36.3 million and $36.3 million, respectively, were included in other noncurrent liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets and $5.3 million and $4.0 million, respectively, were included in accrued expenses for future reclamation costs. The total undiscounted anticipated costs for site reclamation as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were $123.1 million and $124.9 million, respectively.

Other—The Company is obligated under various firm purchase commitments for certain raw materials and services that are in the ordinary course of business. Management does not expect any significant changes in the market value of these goods and services during the commitment period that would have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. The terms of the purchase commitments generally approximate one year.

12. FAIR VALUE

Fair Value Measurements—Certain acquisitions made by the Company require the payment of contingent amounts of purchase consideration. These payments are contingent on specified operating results being achieved in periods subsequent to the acquisition and will only be made if earn-out thresholds are achieved. Contingent consideration obligations are measured at fair value each reporting period. Any adjustments to fair value are recognized in earnings in the period identified.

The fair value of contingent consideration as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was: 

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities and Accrued expenses:
Contingent consideration	$	139	$	336
Acquisition-related liabilities and Other noncurrent liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	9,296	$	4,981

The fair value of contingent consideration was based on unobservable, or Level 3, inputs, including projected probability-weighted cash payments and a 10.0% discount rate, which reflects a market discount rate. Changes in fair value may occur as a result of a change in actual or projected cash payments, the probability weightings applied by the Company to projected payments or a change in the discount rate. Significant increases or decreases in any of these inputs in isolation could result in a lower, or higher, fair value measurement. There were no material valuation adjustments to contingent consideration as of September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022.

Financial Instruments—The Company’s financial instruments include debt and certain acquisition-related liabilities (deferred consideration and noncompete obligations). The carrying value and fair value of these financial instruments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was:

	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value
Level 1
Long-term debt(1)	$	1,434,238	$	1,501,492	$	1,447,673	$	1,504,549
Level 3
Current portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations(2)	6,889		6,889		13,382		13,382
Long term portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations(3)	18,337		18,337		24,070		24,070

(1)$3.8 million and $5.1 million was included in current portion of debt as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

(2)Included in current portion of acquisition-related liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Included in acquisition-related liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

The fair value of debt was determined based on observable, or Level 1, inputs, such as interest rates, bond yields and quoted prices in inactive markets. The fair values of the deferred consideration and noncompete obligations were determined based on unobservable, or Level 3, inputs, including the cash payment terms in the purchase agreements and a discount rate reflecting the Company’s credit risk. The discount rate used is generally consistent with that used when the obligations were initially recorded.

Securities with a maturity of three months or less are considered cash equivalents and the fair value of these assets approximates their carrying value.

13. SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company has three operating segments: West, East and Cement, which are its reporting segments. These segments are consistent with the Company’s management reporting structure.

The operating results of each segment are regularly reviewed and evaluated by the Chief Executive Officer, our Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”). The CODM primarily evaluates the performance of the Company’s segments and allocates resources to them based on a segment profit metric that we call Adjusted EBITDA, which is computed as earnings from operations before interest, taxes, depreciation, depletion, amortization, accretion and share-based compensation, as well as various other non-recurring, non-cash amounts.

The West and East segments have several subsidiaries that are engaged in various activities including quarry mining, aggregate production and contracting. The Cement segment is engaged in the production of Portland cement. Assets employed by each segment include assets directly identified with those operations. Corporate assets consist primarily of cash, property, plant and equipment for corporate operations and other assets not directly identifiable with a reportable business segment. The accounting policies applicable to each segment are consistent with those used in the consolidated financial statements.

The following tables display selected financial data for the Company’s reportable business segments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Revenue*:
West	$	496,638	$	439,411	$	1,178,258	$	1,075,393
East	176,840		193,421		493,766		525,064
Cement	121,319		119,915		287,311		259,791
Total revenue	$	794,797	$	752,747	$	1,959,335	$	1,860,248

*Intercompany sales are immaterial and the presentation above only reflects sales to external customers.

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Income from operations before taxes	$	103,551	$	112,480	$	173,082	$	320,604
Interest expense	28,013		21,980		83,335		62,728
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	56,691		51,439		160,921		148,373
Accretion	761		694		2,212		2,110
Loss on debt financings	—		—		493		—
Gain on sale of businesses	—		(4,115)		—		(174,373)
Non-cash compensation	5,192		4,902		15,116		15,058
Argos USA acquisition and integration costs	17,859		—		17,859		—
Other	(3,548)		(2,492)		(11,553)		(2,315)
Total Adjusted EBITDA	$	208,519	$	184,888	$	441,465	$	372,185
Total Adjusted EBITDA by Segment:
West	$	117,846	$	98,281	$	255,041	$	215,617
East	50,089		44,119		116,558		98,949
Cement	50,355		46,597		103,237		84,019
Corporate and other	(9,771)		(4,109)		(33,371)		(26,400)
Total Adjusted EBITDA	$	208,519	$	184,888	$	441,465	$	372,185

	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
West	$	98,025	$	85,462
East	45,754		65,116
Cement	28,914		30,503
Total reportable segments	172,693		181,081
Corporate and other	9,489		7,927
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment	$	182,182	$	189,008

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion:
West	$	28,701	$	24,908	$	83,218	$	71,495
East	15,586		15,445		46,839		48,655
Cement	12,143		10,959		30,032		27,993
Total reportable segments	56,430		51,312		160,089		148,143
Corporate and other	1,022		821		3,044		2,340
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	$	57,452	$	52,133	$	163,133	$	150,483

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Total assets:
West	$	1,932,418	$	1,565,776
East	1,191,237		1,151,223
Cement	914,416		873,604
Total reportable segments	4,038,071		3,590,603
Corporate and other	332,987		529,103
Total	$	4,371,058	$	4,119,706

14. GUARANTOR AND NON-GUARANTOR FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Summit LLC’s domestic wholly-owned subsidiary companies other than Finance Corp. are named as guarantors (collectively, the “Guarantors”) of the Senior Notes. Finance Corp. does not and will not have any assets or operations other than as may be incidental to its activities as a co-issuer of the Senior Notes and other indebtedness. Certain other partially-owned subsidiaries and a non-U.S. entity do not guarantee the Senior Notes (collectively, the “Non-Guarantors”). The Guarantors provide a joint and several, full and unconditional guarantee of the Senior Notes.

There are no significant restrictions on Summit LLC’s ability to obtain funds from any of the Guarantors in the form of dividends or loans. Additionally, there are no significant restrictions on a Guarantor’s ability to obtain funds from Summit LLC or its direct or indirect subsidiaries.

The following condensed consolidating balance sheets, statements of operations and cash flows are provided for the Issuers, the Guarantors and the Non-Guarantors.

Earnings from subsidiaries are included in other income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations below. The financial information may not necessarily be indicative of the financial position, results of operations or cash flows had the Guarantors or Non-Guarantors operated as independent entities.

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets

September 30, 2023

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	169,370	$	3,556	$	33,135	$	(13,065)	$	192,996
Accounts receivable, net	2,232		341,351		32,478		(132)		375,929
Intercompany receivables	302,181		2,152,362		—		(2,454,543)		—
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings	—		39,746		1,239		—		40,985
Inventories	—		236,913		6,223		—		243,136
Other current assets	12,896		9,848		1,334		—		24,078
Total current assets	486,679		2,783,776		74,409		(2,467,740)		877,124
Property, plant and equipment, net	31,982		1,865,176		77,374		—		1,974,532
Goodwill	—		1,185,739		56,733		—		1,242,472
Intangible assets, net	—		64,486		4,328		—		68,814
Operating lease right-of-use assets	3,987		30,048		4,345		—		38,380
Other assets	5,301,038		220,772		774		(5,352,848)		169,736
Total assets	$	5,823,686	$	6,149,997	$	217,963	$	(7,820,588)	$	4,371,058
Liabilities and Members' Interest
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	$	3,822	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	3,822
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	—		7,028		—		—		7,028
Accounts payable	6,524		155,276		11,314		(132)		172,982
Accrued expenses	62,279		94,833		4,058		(13,065)		148,105
Current operating lease liabilities	910		7,276		559		—		8,745
Intercompany payables	1,942,556		509,873		2,114		(2,454,543)		—
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	—		7,480		1,059		—		8,539
Total current liabilities	2,016,091		781,766		19,104		(2,467,740)		349,221
Long-term debt	1,488,069		—		—		—		1,488,069
Acquisition-related liabilities	—		27,633		—		—		27,633
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	8,135		23,041		3,662		—		34,838
Other noncurrent liabilities	5,289		207,728		116,599		(164,421)		165,195
Total liabilities	3,517,584		1,040,168		139,365		(2,632,161)		2,064,956
Total members' interest	2,306,102		5,109,829		78,598		(5,188,427)		2,306,102
Total liabilities and members' interest	$	5,823,686	$	6,149,997	$	217,963	$	(7,820,588)	$	4,371,058

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets

December 31, 2022

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	498,307	$	2,864	$	26,298	$	(7,018)	$	520,451
Accounts receivable, net	1,528		233,039		22,127		(25)		256,669
Intercompany receivables	329,744		1,937,390		—		(2,267,134)		—
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings	—		5,861		649		—		6,510
Inventories	—		206,418		6,073		—		212,491
Other current assets	4,755		16,341		1,159		—		22,255
Total current assets	834,334		2,401,913		56,306		(2,274,177)		1,018,376
Property, plant and equipment, net	21,306		1,710,972		81,424		—		1,813,702
Goodwill	—		1,076,935		56,611		—		1,133,546
Intangible assets, net	—		66,972		4,412		—		71,384
Operating lease right-of-use assets	4,665		28,310		4,914		—		37,889
Other assets	4,599,488		204,644		1,220		(4,760,543)		44,809
Total assets	$	5,459,793	$	5,489,746	$	204,887	$	(7,034,720)	$	4,119,706
Liabilities and Members' Interest
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	$	5,096	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	5,096
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	—		13,718		—		—		13,718
Accounts payable	3,553		93,096		7,806		(25)		104,430
Accrued expenses	54,417		70,433		2,876		(7,018)		120,708
Current operating lease liabilities	921		5,637		738		—		7,296
Intercompany payables	1,750,352		513,494		3,288		(2,267,134)		—
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	—		4,956		783		—		5,739
Total current liabilities	1,814,339		701,334		15,491		(2,274,177)		256,987
Long-term debt	1,488,569		—		—		—		1,488,569
Acquisition-related liabilities	—		29,051		—		—		29,051
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	8,726		22,871		4,140		—		35,737
Other noncurrent liabilities	5,009		208,185		117,439		(164,421)		166,212
Total liabilities	3,316,643		961,441		137,070		(2,438,598)		1,976,556
Total members' interest	2,143,150		4,528,305		67,817		(4,596,122)		2,143,150
Total liabilities and members' interest	$	5,459,793	$	5,489,746	$	204,887	$	(7,034,720)	$	4,119,706

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations

For the three months ended September 30, 2023

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenue	$	—	$	759,491	$	36,792	$	(1,486)	$	794,797
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	—		519,059		25,586		(1,486)		543,159
General and administrative expenses	33,073		31,548		1,582		—		66,203
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	1,022		53,779		2,651		—		57,452
Operating (loss) income	(34,095)		155,105		6,973		—		127,983
Other income, net	(171,236)		(106)		(553)		168,314		(3,581)
Interest expense (income)	41,642		(15,002)		1,373		—		28,013
Income from operation before taxes	95,499		170,213		6,153		(168,314)		103,551
Income tax expense	399		6,407		1,645		—		8,451
Net income attributable to Summit LLC	$	95,100	$	163,806	$	4,508	$	(168,314)	$	95,100
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	$	91,290	$	163,806	$	8,318	$	(172,124)	$	91,290

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenue	$	—	$	1,863,825	$	99,354	$	(3,844)	$	1,959,335
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	—		1,324,138		69,305		(3,844)		1,389,599
General and administrative expenses	66,947		92,502		5,013		—		164,462
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	3,044		151,850		8,239		—		163,133
Operating (loss) income	(69,991)		295,335		16,797		—		242,141
Other income, net	(351,086)		(1,653)		(1,662)		340,125		(14,276)
Interest expense (income)	121,917		(42,695)		4,113		—		83,335
Income from operation before taxes	159,178		339,683		14,346		(340,125)		173,082
Income tax expense	1,199		10,043		3,861		—		15,103
Net income attributable to Summit LLC	$	157,979	$	329,640	$	10,485	$	(340,125)	$	157,979
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	$	158,274	$	329,640	$	10,190	$	(339,830)	$	158,274

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations

For the three months ended October 1, 2022

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenue	$	—	$	718,510	$	37,112	$	(2,875)	$	752,747
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	—		511,848		25,963		(2,875)		534,936
General and administrative expenses	9,138		27,717		1,761		—		38,616
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	822		48,442		2,869		—		52,133
Operating (loss) income	(9,960)		130,503		6,519		—		127,062
Other income, net	(147,353)		(399)		(106)		144,575		(3,283)
Interest expense (income)	35,536		(14,926)		1,370		—		21,980
(Gain) loss on sale of business	(5,120)		1,005		—		—		(4,115)
Income from operation before taxes	106,977		144,823		5,255		(144,575)		112,480
Income tax expense	1,644		4,119		1,384		—		7,147
Net income attributable to Summit LLC	$	105,333	$	140,704	$	3,871	$	(144,575)	$	105,333
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	$	95,086	$	140,704	$	14,118	$	(154,822)	$	95,086

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations

For the nine months ended October 1, 2022

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenue	$	—	$	1,770,642	$	97,972	$	(8,366)	$	1,860,248
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	—		1,310,495		70,392		(8,366)		1,372,521
General and administrative expenses	42,360		85,816		5,065		—		133,241
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	2,341		139,280		8,862		—		150,483
Operating (loss) income	(44,701)		235,051		13,653		—		204,003
Other income, net	(320,069)		(1,384)		(17)		316,514		(4,956)
Interest expense (income)	103,017		(44,399)		4,110		—		62,728
Gain on sale of business	(131,721)		(42,652)		—		—		(174,373)
Income from operation before taxes	304,072		323,486		9,560		(316,514)		320,604
Income tax expense	3,025		13,985		2,547		—		19,557
Net income attributable to Summit LLC	$	301,047	$	309,501	$	7,013	$	(316,514)	$	301,047
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	$	286,934	$	309,501	$	21,126	$	(330,627)	$	286,934

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	(124,375)	$	352,592	$	15,406	$	—	$	243,623
Cash flow from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	—		(239,508)		—		—		(239,508)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(9,490)		(168,843)		(3,849)		—		(182,182)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant, and equipment	—		9,265		495		—		9,760
Other	—		(3,602)		—		—		(3,602)
Net cash used in investing activities	(9,490)		(402,688)		(3,354)		—		(415,532)
Cash flow from financing activities:
Capital distributions to member	(240,992)		241,104		—		—		112
Loans received from and payments made on loans from other Summit Companies	181,538		(170,376)		(5,115)		(6,047)		—
Payments on long-term debt	(3,822)		(4,698)		—		—		(8,520)
Cash paid for tax receivable agreement interests	(122,935)		—		—		—		(122,935)
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	—		(12,203)		—		—		(12,203)
Debt issuance costs	(1,566)		—		—		—		(1,566)
Distributions from partnership	(4,538)		—		—		—		(4,538)
Other	(2,757)		(3,039)		(215)		—		(6,011)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(195,072)		50,788		(5,330)		(6,047)		(155,661)
Impact of cash on foreign currency	—		—		115		—		115
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(328,937)		692		6,837		(6,047)		(327,455)
Cash — Beginning of period	498,307		2,864		26,298		(7,018)		520,451
Cash — End of period	$	169,370	$	3,556	$	33,135	$	(13,065)	$	192,996

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows

For the nine months ended October 1, 2022

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	(109,265)	$	225,563	$	15,282	$	—	$	131,580
Cash flow from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	—		(1,933)		—		—		(1,933)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(7,927)		(177,028)		(4,053)		—		(189,008)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant, and equipment	—		8,033		265		—		8,298
Proceeds from the sale of a business	5,924		367,866		—		—		373,790
Other	—		(2,214)		—		—		(2,214)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(2,003)		194,724		(3,788)		—		188,933
Cash flow from financing activities:
Capital distributions to member	(102,713)		1,932		—		—		(100,781)
Loans received from and payments made on loans from other Summit Companies	402,030		(396,330)		(5,448)		(252)		—
Payments on long-term debt	(100,400)		(13,369)		—		—		(113,769)
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	—		(12,964)		—		—		(12,964)
Distributions from partnership	(34,155)		—		—		—		(34,155)
Other	(754)		(20)		—		—		(774)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	164,008		(420,751)		(5,448)		(252)		(262,443)
Impact of cash on foreign currency	—		—		(1,732)		—		(1,732)
Net increase (decrease) in cash	52,740		(464)		4,314		(252)		56,338
Cash — Beginning of period	365,044		2,264		18,337		(4,684)		380,961
Cash — End of period	$	417,784	$	1,800	$	22,651	$	(4,936)	$	437,299

XML

Cover - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 31, 2023
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2023
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-36873
Entity Registrant Name	SUMMIT MATERIALS, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	47-1984212
Entity Address, Address Line One	1801 California Street
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 3500
Entity Address, City or Town	Denver
Entity Address, State or Province	CO
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	80202
City Area Code	303
Local Phone Number	893-0012
Title of 12(b) Security	Class A Common Stock (par value $.01 per share)
Trading Symbol	SUM
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Central Index Key	0001621563
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-30
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Common Class A
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		119,460,587
Common Class B
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		99
Summit Materials, LLC
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2023
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	333-187556
Entity Registrant Name	SUMMIT MATERIALS, LLC
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	26-4138486
Entity Address, Address Line One	1801 California Street
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 3500
Entity Address, City or Town	Denver
Entity Address, State or Province	CO
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	80202
City Area Code	303
Local Phone Number	893-0012
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Central Index Key	0001571371
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-30
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets - Summit Materials Inc - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 197,475	$ 520,451
Accounts receivable, net	375,929	256,669
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	40,985	6,510
Inventories	243,136	212,491
Other current assets	17,976	20,787
Current assets held for sale	1,702	1,468
Total current assets	877,203	1,018,376
Property, plant and equipment, less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization (September 30, 2023 - $1,387,348 and December 31, 2022 - $1,267,557)	1,974,532	1,813,702
Goodwill	1,241,472	1,132,546
Intangible assets, less accumulated amortization (September 30, 2023 - $18,115 and December 31, 2022 - $15,503)	68,814	71,384
Deferred tax assets, less valuation allowance (September 30, 2023 - $1,113 and December 31, 2022 - $1,113)	113,362	136,986
Operating lease right-of-use assets	38,380	37,889
Other assets	51,201	44,809
Total assets	4,364,964	4,255,692
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	3,822	5,096
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	7,028	13,718
Accounts payable	173,127	104,031
Accrued expenses	147,619	119,967
Current operating lease liabilities	8,745	7,296
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	8,539	5,739
Total current liabilities	348,880	255,847
Long-term debt	1,488,069	1,488,569
Acquisition-related liabilities	27,633	29,051
Tax receivable agreement liability	52,143	327,812
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	34,838	35,737
Other noncurrent liabilities	105,668	106,686
Total liabilities	2,057,231	2,243,702
Commitments and contingencies (see note 12)
Stockholders’ equity:
Additional paid-in capital	1,415,320	1,404,122
Accumulated earnings	873,773	590,895
Accumulated other comprehensive income	3,296	3,084
Stockholders’ equity	2,293,581	1,999,286
Noncontrolling interest in Summit Holdings	14,152	12,704
Total stockholders’ equity	2,307,733	2,011,990
Total liabilities and members' interest	4,364,964	4,255,692
Common Class A
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock	1,192	1,185
Common Class B
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock	$ 0	$ 0

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets - Summit Materials Inc (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization	$ 1,387,348	$ 1,267,557
Accumulated amortization	18,115	15,503
Valuation allowance	$ 1,113	$ 1,113
Common Class A
Common stock, par value (in usd per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,000,000,000	1,000,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	119,112,950	118,408,655
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	119,112,950	118,408,655
Common Class B
Common stock, par value (in usd per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	250,000,000	250,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	99	99
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	99	99

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets - Summit Materials LLC - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 197,475	$ 520,451
Accounts receivable, net	375,929	256,669
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings	40,985	6,510
Inventories	243,136	212,491
Other current assets	17,976	20,787
Current assets held for sale	1,702	1,468
Total current assets	877,203	1,018,376
Property, plant and equipment, less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization (September 30, 2023 - $1,387,348 and December 31, 2022 - $1,267,557)	1,974,532	1,813,702
Goodwill	1,241,472	1,132,546
Intangible assets, less accumulated amortization (September 30, 2023 - $18,115 and December 31, 2022 - $15,503)	68,814	71,384
Operating lease right-of-use assets	38,380	37,889
Other assets	51,201	44,809
Total assets	4,364,964	4,255,692
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	3,822	5,096
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	7,028	13,718
Accounts payable	173,127	104,031
Accrued expenses	147,619	119,967
Current operating lease liabilities	8,745	7,296
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	8,539	5,739
Total current liabilities	348,880	255,847
Long-term debt	1,488,069	1,488,569
Acquisition-related liabilities	27,633	29,051
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	34,838	35,737
Other noncurrent liabilities	105,668	106,686
Total liabilities	2,057,231	2,243,702
Commitments and contingencies (see note 11)
Stockholders’ equity:
Accumulated earnings	873,773	590,895
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	3,296	3,084
Total liabilities and members' interest	4,364,964	4,255,692
Summit Materials, LLC
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	192,996	520,451
Accounts receivable, net	375,929	256,669
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings	40,985	6,510
Inventories	243,136	212,491
Other current assets	17,976	20,787
Current assets held for sale	1,702	1,468
Current portion of tax receivable agreement interests	4,400	0
Total current assets	877,124	1,018,376
Property, plant and equipment, less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization (September 30, 2023 - $1,387,348 and December 31, 2022 - $1,267,557)	1,974,532	1,813,702
Goodwill	1,242,472	1,133,546
Intangible assets, less accumulated amortization (September 30, 2023 - $18,115 and December 31, 2022 - $15,503)	68,814	71,384
Operating lease right-of-use assets	38,380	37,889
Other assets	51,201	44,809
Tax receivable agreement interest, net of current portion	118,535	0
Total assets	4,371,058	4,119,706
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	3,822	5,096
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	7,028	13,718
Accounts payable	172,982	104,430
Accrued expenses	148,105	120,708
Current operating lease liabilities	8,745	7,296
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	8,539	5,739
Total current liabilities	349,221	256,987
Long-term debt	1,488,069	1,488,569
Acquisition-related liabilities	27,633	29,051
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	34,838	35,737
Other noncurrent liabilities	165,195	166,212
Total liabilities	2,064,956	1,976,556
Commitments and contingencies (see note 11)
Stockholders’ equity:
Members' equity	1,429,956	1,425,278
Accumulated earnings	897,227	739,248
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(21,081)	(21,376)
Total members' interest	2,306,102	2,143,150
Total liabilities and members' interest	$ 4,371,058	$ 4,119,706

XML

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations - Summit Materials Inc - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 794,797	$ 752,747	$ 1,959,335	$ 1,860,248
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	543,159	534,936	1,389,599	1,372,521
General and administrative expenses	50,895	39,232	150,731	136,897
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	57,452	52,133	163,133	150,483
Transaction costs	17,442	727	19,518	2,637
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment	(2,134)	(1,343)	(5,787)	(6,293)
Operating income	127,983	127,062	242,141	204,003
Interest expense	28,013	21,980	83,335	62,728
Loss on debt financings	0	0	493	0
Tax receivable agreement (benefit) expense	(153,080)	0	(153,080)	954
Gain on sale of businesses	0	(4,115)	0	(174,373)
Other income, net	(3,583)	(3,283)	(14,771)	(4,956)
Income from operations before taxes	256,633	112,480	326,164	319,650
Income tax expense	23,908	24,829	39,923	74,033
Net income	232,725	87,651	286,241	245,617
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in Summit Holdings	2,680	1,162	3,363	3,307
Net income attributable to Summit Inc.	$ 230,045	$ 86,489	$ 282,878	$ 242,310
Common Class A
Earnings per share of Class A common stock:
Basic (in usd per share)	$ 1.93	$ 0.72	$ 2.38	$ 2.01
Diluted (in usd per share)	$ 1.92	$ 0.72	$ 2.37	$ 2.00
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock:
Basic (in shares)	118,928,799	119,753,806	118,780,523	120,196,211
Diluted (in shares)	119,725,693	120,383,312	119,558,974	121,078,150
Common Class A And Restricted Stock
Earnings per share of Class A common stock:
Basic (in usd per share)	$ 1.93	$ 0.72	$ 2.38	$ 2.01
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock:
Basic (in shares)	119,013,331	119,896,272	118,874,967	120,345,015
Excluding delivery and subcontract revenue
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 741,960	$ 686,009	$ 1,829,603	$ 1,710,422
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	490,322	468,198	1,259,867	1,222,695
Product
Revenue:
Total revenue	641,778	587,138	1,609,664	1,485,746
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	412,784	392,187	1,086,299	1,042,888
Service
Revenue:
Total revenue	100,182	98,871	219,939	224,676
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	77,538	76,011	173,568	179,807
Delivery and subcontract revenue
Revenue:
Total revenue	52,837	66,738	129,732	149,826
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	$ 52,837	$ 66,738	$ 129,732	$ 149,826

XML

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations - Summit Materials LLC - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 794,797	$ 752,747	$ 1,959,335	$ 1,860,248
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	543,159	534,936	1,389,599	1,372,521
General and administrative expenses	50,895	39,232	150,731	136,897
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	57,452	52,133	163,133	150,483
Transaction costs	17,442	727	19,518	2,637
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment	(2,134)	(1,343)	(5,787)	(6,293)
Operating income	127,983	127,062	242,141	204,003
Interest expense	28,013	21,980	83,335	62,728
Loss on debt financings	0	0	493	0
Gain on sale of businesses	0	(4,115)	0	(174,373)
Other income, net	(3,583)	(3,283)	(14,771)	(4,956)
Income from operations before taxes	256,633	112,480	326,164	319,650
Income tax expense	23,908	24,829	39,923	74,033
Net income attributable to Summit Inc.	230,045	86,489	282,878	242,310
Summit Materials, LLC
Revenue:
Total revenue	794,797	752,747	1,959,335	1,860,248
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	543,159	534,936	1,389,599	1,372,521
General and administrative expenses	50,895	39,232	150,731	136,897
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	57,452	52,133	163,133	150,483
Transaction costs	17,442	727	19,518	2,637
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment	(2,134)	(1,343)	(5,787)	(6,293)
Operating income	127,983	127,062	242,141	204,003
Interest expense	28,013	21,980	83,335	62,728
Loss on debt financings	0	0	493	0
Gain on sale of businesses	0	(4,115)	0	(174,373)
Other income, net	(3,581)	(3,283)	(14,769)	(4,956)
Income from operations before taxes	103,551	112,480	173,082	320,604
Income tax expense	8,451	7,147	15,103	19,557
Net income attributable to Summit Inc.	95,100	105,333	157,979	301,047
Excluding delivery and subcontract revenue
Revenue:
Total revenue	741,960	686,009	1,829,603	1,710,422
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	490,322	468,198	1,259,867	1,222,695
Excluding delivery and subcontract revenue | Summit Materials, LLC
Revenue:
Total revenue	741,960	686,009	1,829,603	1,710,422
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	490,322	468,198	1,259,867	1,222,695
Product
Revenue:
Total revenue	641,778	587,138	1,609,664	1,485,746
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	412,784	392,187	1,086,299	1,042,888
Product | Summit Materials, LLC
Revenue:
Total revenue	641,778	587,138	1,609,664	1,485,746
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	412,784	392,187	1,086,299	1,042,888
Service
Revenue:
Total revenue	100,182	98,871	219,939	224,676
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	77,538	76,011	173,568	179,807
Service | Summit Materials, LLC
Revenue:
Total revenue	100,182	98,871	219,939	224,676
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	77,538	76,011	173,568	179,807
Delivery and subcontract revenue
Revenue:
Total revenue	52,837	66,738	129,732	149,826
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	52,837	66,738	129,732	149,826
Delivery and subcontract revenue | Summit Materials, LLC
Revenue:
Total revenue	52,837	66,738	129,732	149,826
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below):
Total cost of revenue	$ 52,837	$ 66,738	$ 129,732	$ 149,826

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Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - Summit Materials Inc - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022
Comprehensive income (loss)
Net income	$ 232,725	$ 87,651	$ 286,241	$ 245,617
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(3,810)	(10,247)	295	(14,113)
Less tax effect of other comprehensive income (loss) items	738	2,470	(80)	3,404
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(3,072)	(7,777)	215	(10,709)
Comprehensive income	229,653	79,874	286,456	234,908
Less comprehensive income attributable to Summit Holdings	2,638	1,048	3,366	3,151
Comprehensive income attributable to Summit Inc.	$ 227,015	$ 78,826	$ 283,090	$ 231,757

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Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - Summit Materials LLC - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022
Net income	$ 232,725	$ 87,651	$ 286,241	$ 245,617
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(3,810)	(10,247)	295	(14,113)
Comprehensive income attributable to Summit Inc.	227,015	78,826	283,090	231,757
Summit Materials, LLC
Net income	95,100	105,333	157,979	301,047
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(3,810)	(10,247)	295	(14,113)
Comprehensive income attributable to Summit Inc.	$ 91,290	$ 95,086	$ 158,274	$ 286,934

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Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Summit Materials Inc - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 286,241	$ 245,617
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	168,758	160,162
Share-based compensation expense	15,116	15,058
Net gain on asset and business disposals	(5,790)	(180,240)
Non-cash loss on debt financings	161	0
Change in deferred tax asset, net	23,540	58,318
Other	(105)	(396)
Decrease (increase) in operating assets, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts receivable, net	(107,349)	(96,724)
Inventories	(23,935)	(53,762)
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	(34,463)	(32,042)
Other current assets	4,438	(6,961)
Other assets	2,208	3,432
(Decrease) increase in operating liabilities, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts payable	48,524	44,510
Accrued expenses	19,034	(21,780)
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	2,812	646
Tax receivable agreement benefit	(153,080)	954
Other liabilities	(2,486)	(4,601)
Net cash provided by operating activities	243,624	132,191
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(239,508)	(1,933)
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(182,182)	(189,008)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment	9,760	8,298
Proceeds from sale of businesses	0	373,790
Other	(3,602)	(2,214)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(415,532)	188,933
Cash flows from financing activities:
Debt issuance costs	(1,566)	0
Payments on debt	(8,520)	(113,769)
Cash paid for tax receivable agreement interests	(122,935)	0
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	(12,203)	(12,964)
Distributions from partnership	(60)	(399)
Repurchases of common stock	0	(100,980)
Proceeds from stock option exercises	112	199
Other	(6,011)	(774)
Net cash used in financing activities	(151,183)	(228,687)
Impact of foreign currency on cash	115	(1,732)
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(322,976)	90,705
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of period	520,451	380,961
Cash and cash equivalents – end of period	$ 197,475	$ 471,666

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Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Summit Materials LLC - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 286,241	$ 245,617
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	168,758	160,162
Share-based compensation expense	15,116	15,058
Net gain on asset and business disposals	(5,790)	(180,240)
Non-cash loss on debt financings	161	0
Change in deferred tax asset, net	23,540	58,318
Other	(105)	(396)
Decrease (increase) in operating assets, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts receivable, net	(107,349)	(96,724)
Inventories	(23,935)	(53,762)
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	(34,463)	(32,042)
Other current assets	4,438	(6,961)
Other assets	2,208	3,432
(Decrease) increase in operating liabilities, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts payable	48,524	44,510
Accrued expenses	19,034	(21,780)
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	2,812	646
Other liabilities	(2,486)	(4,601)
Net cash provided by operating activities	243,624	132,191
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(239,508)	(1,933)
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(182,182)	(189,008)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment	9,760	8,298
Proceeds from sale of businesses	0	373,790
Other	(3,602)	(2,214)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(415,532)	188,933
Cash flows from financing activities:
Debt issuance costs	(1,566)	0
Payments on debt	(8,520)	(113,769)
Cash paid for tax receivable agreement interests	(122,935)	0
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	(12,203)	(12,964)
Distributions	(60)	(399)
Other	(6,011)	(774)
Net cash used in financing activities	(151,183)	(228,687)
Impact of foreign currency on cash	115	(1,732)
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(322,976)	90,705
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of period	520,451	380,961
Cash and cash equivalents – end of period	197,475	471,666
Summit Materials, LLC
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	157,979	301,047
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	168,758	160,162
Share-based compensation expense	15,116	15,058
Net gain on asset and business disposals	(5,790)	(180,240)
Non-cash loss on debt financings	161	0
Change in deferred tax asset, net	(134)	3,842
Other	(105)	(396)
Decrease (increase) in operating assets, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts receivable, net	(107,349)	(96,724)
Inventories	(23,935)	(53,762)
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings	(34,463)	(32,042)
Other current assets	38	(6,961)
Other assets	6,608	3,432
(Decrease) increase in operating liabilities, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts payable	47,980	43,899
Accrued expenses	19,035	(21,780)
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	2,812	646
Other liabilities	(3,088)	(4,601)
Net cash provided by operating activities	243,623	131,580
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(239,508)	(1,933)
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(182,182)	(189,008)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment	9,760	8,298
Proceeds from sale of businesses	0	373,790
Other	(3,602)	(2,214)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(415,532)	188,933
Cash flows from financing activities:
Capital (distributions to) contributions by member	112	(100,781)
Debt issuance costs	(1,566)	0
Payments on debt	(8,520)	(113,769)
Cash paid for tax receivable agreement interests	(122,935)	0
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	(12,203)	(12,964)
Distributions	(4,538)	(34,155)
Other	(6,011)	(774)
Net cash used in financing activities	(155,661)	(262,443)
Impact of foreign currency on cash	115	(1,732)
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(327,455)	56,338
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of period	520,451	380,961
Cash and cash equivalents – end of period	$ 192,996	$ 437,299

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Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity - Summit Materials Inc - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Class A	Common Class B	Accumulated Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	Common Stock Common Class A	Common Stock Common Class B	Additional Paid-in Capital	Noncontrolling Interest
Beginning balance at Jan. 01, 2022	$ 1,823,212			$ 478,956	$ 7,083	$ 1,188	$ 0	$ 1,326,340	$ 9,645
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jan. 01, 2022		120,684,322				118,705,108	99
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net (loss) income	(34,800)			(34,292)					(508)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	1,325				1,306				19
Stock option exercises (in shares)						1,589
Stock option exercises	27							27
Share-based compensation	5,422							5,422
Repurchases of common stock	(47,509)			(47,494)		$ (15)		(121)	121
Repurchases of common stock, (in shares)						(1,506,878)
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other (in shares)						842,029
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	(1,180)					$ 8		(1,120)	(68)
Ending balance at Apr. 02, 2022	1,746,497			397,170	8,389	$ 1,181	$ 0	1,330,548	9,209
Ending balance (in shares) at Apr. 02, 2022						118,041,848	99
Beginning balance at Jan. 01, 2022	1,823,212			478,956	7,083	$ 1,188	$ 0	1,326,340	9,645
Beginning balance (in shares) at Jan. 01, 2022		120,684,322				118,705,108	99
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net (loss) income	245,617
LP Unit exchanges (in shares)		2,000
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(10,709)
Stock option exercises (in shares)		10,098
Repurchases of common stock, (in shares)		(3,427,510)
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other (in shares)		1,097,273
Ending balance at Oct. 01, 2022	1,971,224			620,320	(3,470)	$ 1,165	$ 0	1,340,602	12,607
Ending balance (in shares) at Oct. 01, 2022		118,366,183				116,386,969	99
Beginning balance at Apr. 02, 2022	1,746,497			397,170	8,389	$ 1,181	$ 0	1,330,548	9,209
Beginning balance (in shares) at Apr. 02, 2022						118,041,848	99
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net (loss) income	192,766			190,113					2,653
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(4,257)				(4,196)				(61)
Stock option exercises (in shares)						4,929
Stock option exercises	96							96
Share-based compensation	4,734							4,734
Distributions from partnership	(25)								(25)
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other (in shares)						67,835
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	991					$ 1		997	(7)
Ending balance at Jul. 02, 2022	1,940,802			587,283	4,193	$ 1,182	$ 0	1,336,375	11,769
Ending balance (in shares) at Jul. 02, 2022						118,114,612	99
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net (loss) income	87,651			86,489					1,162
LP Unit exchanges (in shares)						2,000
LP Unit exchanges	0							34	(34)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(7,777)				(7,663)				(114)
Stock option exercises (in shares)						3,580
Stock option exercises	76							76
Share-based compensation	4,902							4,902
Repurchases of common stock	(53,471)			(53,452)		$ (19)		(198)	198
Repurchases of common stock, (in shares)						(1,920,632)
Distributions from partnership	(374)								(374)
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other (in shares)						187,409
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	(585)					$ 2		(587)
Ending balance at Oct. 01, 2022	1,971,224			620,320	(3,470)	$ 1,165	$ 0	1,340,602	12,607
Ending balance (in shares) at Oct. 01, 2022		118,366,183				116,386,969	99
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	2,011,990			590,895	3,084	$ 1,185	$ 0	1,404,122	12,704
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		118,408,655	99			118,408,655	99
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net (loss) income	(31,212)			(30,804)					(408)
LP Unit exchanges (in shares)						2,000
LP Unit exchanges	0							21	(21)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	164				161				3
Stock option exercises (in shares)						902
Stock option exercises	15							15
Share-based compensation	4,708							4,708
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other (in shares)						407,114
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	(5,719)					$ 4		(5,680)	(43)
Ending balance at Apr. 01, 2023	1,979,946			560,091	3,245	$ 1,189	$ 0	1,403,186	12,235
Ending balance (in shares) at Apr. 01, 2023						118,818,671	99
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	2,011,990			590,895	3,084	$ 1,185	$ 0	1,404,122	12,704
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		118,408,655	99			118,408,655	99
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net (loss) income	286,241
LP Unit exchanges (in shares)		176,258
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	215
Stock option exercises (in shares)		5,407
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other (in shares)		522,630
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023	2,307,733			873,773	3,296	$ 1,192	$ 0	1,415,320	14,152
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023		119,112,950	99			119,112,950	99
Beginning balance at Apr. 01, 2023	1,979,946			560,091	3,245	$ 1,189	$ 0	1,403,186	12,235
Beginning balance (in shares) at Apr. 01, 2023						118,818,671	99
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net (loss) income	84,728			83,637					1,091
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	3,123				3,081				42
Stock option exercises (in shares)						3,338
Stock option exercises	69							69
Share-based compensation	5,216							5,216
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other (in shares)						64,265
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	882					$ 1		893	(12)
Ending balance at Jul. 01, 2023	2,073,964			643,728	6,326	$ 1,190	$ 0	1,409,364	13,356
Ending balance (in shares) at Jul. 01, 2023						118,886,274	99
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net (loss) income	232,725			230,045					2,680
LP Unit exchanges (in shares)						174,258
LP Unit exchanges	0					$ 2		1,776	(1,778)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(3,072)				(3,030)				(42)
Stock option exercises (in shares)						1,167
Stock option exercises	28							28
Share-based compensation	5,192							5,192
Distributions from partnership	(60)								(60)
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other (in shares)						51,251
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	(1,044)					$ 0		(1,040)	(4)
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023	$ 2,307,733			$ 873,773	$ 3,296	$ 1,192	$ 0	$ 1,415,320	$ 14,152
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023		119,112,950	99			119,112,950	99

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Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Members' Interest - Summit Materials LLC - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Jul. 01, 2023	Apr. 01, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Jul. 02, 2022	Apr. 02, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	$ 232,725	$ 84,728	$ (31,212)	$ 87,651	$ 192,766	$ (34,800)	$ 286,241	$ 245,617
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(3,072)	3,123	164	(7,777)	(4,257)	1,325	215	(10,709)
Share-based compensation	5,192	5,216	4,708	4,902	4,734	5,422
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	(1,044)	882	(5,719)	(585)	991	(1,180)
Summit Materials, LLC
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	2,215,304	2,105,146	2,143,150	2,039,348	1,797,061	1,884,944	2,143,150	1,884,944
Net contributed capital	28	69	15	(53,395)	96	(47,482)
Net income	95,100	100,090	(37,211)	105,333	242,101	(46,387)	157,979	301,047
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(3,810)	3,902	203	(10,247)	(5,610)	1,744
Distributions	(4,538)			(34,130)	(25)
Share-based compensation	5,192	5,216	4,708	4,902	4,734	5,422
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	(1,174)	881	(5,719)	(585)	991	(1,180)
Ending balance	2,306,102	2,215,304	2,105,146	2,051,226	2,039,348	1,797,061	2,306,102	2,051,226
Members' equity | Summit Materials, LLC
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	1,430,448	1,424,282	1,425,278	1,470,415	1,464,619	1,507,859	1,425,278	1,507,859
Net contributed capital	28	69	15	(53,395)	96	(47,482)
Distributions	(4,538)			(34,130)	(25)
Share-based compensation	5,192	5,216	4,708	4,902	4,734	5,422
Shares redeemed to settle taxes and other	(1,174)	881	(5,719)	(585)	991	(1,180)
Ending balance	1,429,956	1,430,448	1,424,282	1,387,207	1,470,415	1,464,619	1,429,956	1,387,207
Accumulated earnings
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	230,045	83,637	(30,804)	86,489	190,113	(34,292)
Accumulated earnings | Summit Materials, LLC
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	802,127	702,037	739,248	588,825	346,724	393,111	739,248	393,111
Net income	95,100	100,090	(37,211)	105,333	242,101	(46,387)
Ending balance	897,227	802,127	702,037	694,158	588,825	346,724	897,227	694,158
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(3,030)	3,081	161	(7,663)	(4,196)	1,306
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | Summit Materials, LLC
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(17,271)	(21,173)	(21,376)	(19,892)	(14,282)	(16,026)	(21,376)	(16,026)
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(3,810)	3,902	203	(10,247)	(5,610)	1,744
Ending balance	$ (21,081)	$ (17,271)	$ (21,173)	$ (30,139)	$ (19,892)	$ (14,282)	$ (21,081)	$ (30,139)

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Consolidated Balance Sheets - Summit Materials LLC (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization	$ 1,387,348	$ 1,267,557
Accumulated amortization	18,115	15,503
Summit Materials, LLC
Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization	1,387,348	1,267,557
Accumulated amortization	$ 18,115	$ 15,503

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SUMMARY OF ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies And Recent Accounting Pronouncements [Line Items]

SUMMARY OF ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

SUMMARY OF ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Summit Materials, Inc. (“Summit Inc.” and, together with its subsidiaries, “Summit,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company”) is a vertically-integrated construction materials company. The Company is engaged in the production and sale of aggregates, cement, ready-mix concrete, asphalt paving mix and concrete products and owns and operates quarries, sand and gravel pits, two cement plants, cement distribution terminals, ready-mix concrete plants, asphalt plants and landfill sites. It is also engaged in paving and related services. The Company’s three operating and reporting segments are the West, East and Cement segments.

Substantially all of the Company’s construction materials, products and services are produced, consumed and performed outdoors, primarily in the spring, summer and fall. Seasonal changes and other weather-related conditions can affect the production and sales volumes of its products and delivery of services. Therefore, the financial results for any interim period are typically not indicative of the results expected for the full year. Furthermore, the Company’s sales and earnings are sensitive to national, regional and local economic conditions, weather conditions and to cyclical changes in construction spending, among other factors.

Summit Inc. is a holding corporation operating and controlling all of the business and affairs of Summit Materials Holdings L.P. (“Summit Holdings”) and its subsidiaries, and through Summit Holdings conducts its business. Summit Inc. owns the majority of the partnership interests of Summit Holdings (see Note 9, Stockholders’ Equity). Summit Materials, LLC (“Summit LLC”), an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Summit Holdings, conducts the majority of our operations. Summit Materials Finance Corp. (“Summit Finance”), an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Summit LLC, has jointly issued our Senior Notes as described below.

Basis of Presentation—These unaudited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures typically included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company continues to follow the accounting policies set forth in those audited consolidated financial statements.

Management believes that these consolidated interim financial statements include all adjustments, normal and recurring in nature, that are necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2023, the results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022 and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022.

Principles of Consolidation—The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Summit Inc. and its majority owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

For a summary of the changes in Summit Inc.’s ownership of Summit Holdings, see Note 9, Stockholders’ Equity.

Use of Estimates—Preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities and reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of accounts receivable, inventories, valuation of deferred tax assets, goodwill, intangibles and other long-lived assets, tax receivable agreement ("TRA") liability, pension and other postretirement obligations and asset retirement obligations. Estimates also include revenue earned on contracts and costs to complete contracts. Most of the Company’s paving and related services are performed under fixed unit-price contracts with state and local governmental entities. Management regularly evaluates its estimates and assumptions based on historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results can differ significantly from estimates made. Changes in estimates, including

those resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment, are reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements when the change in estimate occurs.

Business and Credit Concentrations—The Company’s operations are conducted primarily across 21 U.S. states and in British Columbia, Canada, with the most significant revenue generated in Texas, Utah, Kansas and Missouri. The Company’s accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts due from customers within these areas. Therefore, collection of these accounts is dependent on the economic conditions in the aforementioned states, as well as specific situations affecting individual customers. Credit granted within the Company’s trade areas has been granted to many customers, and management does not believe that a significant concentration of credit exists with respect to any individual customer or group of customers. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 or October 1, 2022.

Revenue Recognition—We earn revenue from the sale of products, which primarily include aggregates, cement, ready-mix concrete and asphalt, but also include concrete products and plastics components, and from the provision of services, which are primarily paving and related services, but also include landfill operations, the receipt and disposal of waste that is converted to fuel for use in our cement plants.

Products: Revenue for product sales is recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied, which generally is when the product is shipped. 

Services: We earn revenue from the provision of services, which are primarily paving and related services, which are typically calculated using monthly progress based on a method similar to percentage of completion or a customer’s engineer review of progress.

The majority of our construction service contracts are completed within one year, but may occasionally extend beyond this time frame. The majority of our construction service contracts are for work that occurs mostly during the spring, summer and fall. We generally measure progress toward completion on long-term paving and related services contracts based on the proportion of costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion.

Estimating costs to be incurred for revenue recognition involves the use of various estimating techniques to project costs at completion, and in some cases includes estimates of recoveries asserted against the customer for changes in specifications or other disputes.

Earnings per Share—The Company computes basic earnings per share attributable to stockholders by dividing income attributable to Summit Inc. by the weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution beyond shares for basic earnings per share that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised, converted into common stock, or resulted in the issuance of common stock that would have shared in the Company’s earnings. Since the Class B common stock has no economic value, those shares are not included in the weighted-average common share amount for basic or diluted earnings per share. In addition, as the shares of Class A common stock are issued by Summit Inc., the earnings and equity interests of noncontrolling interests are not included in basic earnings per share.

Prior Year Reclassifications — We have reclassified transaction costs of $0.7 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, respectively, from general and administrative expenses to a separate line item included in operating income to conform to the current year presentation.

Summit Materials, LLC

Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies And Recent Accounting Pronouncements [Line Items]

SUMMARY OF ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

SUMMARY OF ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Summit Materials, LLC (“Summit LLC” and, together with its subsidiaries, “Summit,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company”) is a vertically-integrated construction materials company. The Company is engaged in the production and sale of aggregates, cement, ready-mix concrete, asphalt paving mix and concrete products and owns and operates quarries, sand and gravel pits, two cement plants, cement distribution terminals, ready-mix concrete plants, asphalt plants and landfill sites. It is also engaged in paving and related services. The Company’s three operating and reporting segments are the West, East and Cement segments.

Substantially all of the Company’s construction materials, products and services are produced, consumed and performed outdoors, primarily in the spring, summer and fall. Seasonal changes and other weather-related conditions can affect the production and sales volumes of its products and delivery of services. Therefore, the financial results for any interim period are typically not indicative of the results expected for the full year. Furthermore, the Company’s sales and earnings are sensitive to national, regional and local economic conditions, weather conditions and to cyclical changes in construction spending, among other factors.

Summit LLC is a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Summit Materials Holdings L.P. (“Summit Holdings”), whose primary owner is Summit Materials, Inc. (“Summit Inc.”). Summit Inc. was formed as a Delaware corporation on September 23, 2014. Its sole material asset is a controlling equity interest in Summit Holdings. Pursuant to a reorganization into a holding company structure (the “Reorganization”) consummated in connection with Summit Inc.’s March 2015 initial public offering, Summit Inc. became a holding corporation operating and controlling all of the business and affairs of Summit Holdings and its subsidiaries, including Summit LLC.

Basis of Presentation—These unaudited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures typically included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company continues to follow the accounting policies set forth in those audited consolidated financial statements.

Management believes that these consolidated interim financial statements include all adjustments, normal and recurring in nature, that are necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2023, the results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022 and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022.

Use of Estimates—Preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities and reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of accounts receivable, inventories, valuation of deferred tax assets, goodwill, intangibles and other long-lived assets, tax receivable agreement ("TRA") asset, pension and other postretirement obligations and asset retirement obligations. Estimates also include revenue earned on contracts and costs to complete contracts. Most of the Company’s paving and related services are performed under fixed unit-price contracts with state and local governmental entities. Management regularly evaluates its estimates and assumptions based on historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results can differ significantly from estimates made. Changes in estimates, including those resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment, are reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements when the change in estimate occurs.

Business and Credit Concentrations—The Company’s operations are conducted primarily across 21 U.S. states and in British Columbia, Canada, with the most significant revenue generated in Texas, Utah, Kansas and Missouri. The Company’s accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts due from customers within these areas. Therefore, collection of these accounts is dependent on the economic conditions in the aforementioned states, as well as specific situations affecting individual customers. Credit granted within the Company’s trade areas has been granted to many customers, and management does not

believe that a significant concentration of credit exists with respect to any individual customer or group of customers. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 or October 1, 2022.

Revenue Recognition—We earn revenue from the sale of products, which primarily include aggregates, cement, ready-mix concrete and asphalt, but also include concrete products and plastics components, and from the provision of services, which are primarily paving and related services, but also include landfill operations, the receipt and disposal of waste that is converted to fuel for use in our cement plants.

Products: Revenue for product sales is recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied, which generally is when the product is shipped.

Services: We earn revenue from the provision of services, which are primarily paving and related services, which are typically calculated using monthly progress based on a method similar to percentage of completion or a customer’s engineer review of progress.

The majority of our construction service contracts are completed within one year, but may occasionally extend beyond this time frame. The majority of our construction service contracts are for work that occurs mostly during the spring, summer and fall. We generally measure progress toward completion on long-term paving and related services contracts based on the proportion of costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion.

Estimating costs to be incurred for revenue recognition involves the use of various estimating techniques to project costs at completion, and in some cases includes estimates of recoveries asserted against the customer for changes in specifications or other disputes.

Prior Year Reclassifications — We have reclassified transaction costs of $0.7 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, respectively, from general and administrative expenses to a separate line item included in operating income to conform to the current year presentation.

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ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSTIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Business Acquisition [Line Items]

ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSTIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES

ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSITIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES

The financial results of each acquisition have been included in the Company’s consolidated results of operations beginning on the respective closing dates of the acquisitions. The Company measures all assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their acquisition-date fair value. Goodwill acquired during a business combination has an indefinite life and is not amortized.

The following table summarizes the Company’s acquisitions by region and period:

	Nine months ended	Year ended
	September 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
West	3	—
East	1	2

The purchase price allocation, primarily the valuation of property, plant and equipment for the acquisitions completed during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as well as the acquisitions completed during 2022 that occurred after October 1, 2022, have not yet been finalized due to the recent timing of the acquisitions, status of the valuation of property, plant and equipment and finalization of related tax returns. The following table summarizes aggregated information regarding the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the respective acquisition dates:

	Nine months ended		Year ended
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Financial assets	$	12,747	$	297
Inventories	6,694		161
Property, plant and equipment	124,051		30,041
Other assets	1,550		1,116
Financial liabilities	(11,973)		(1,120)
Other long-term liabilities	(768)		(1,589)
Net assets acquired	132,301		28,906
Goodwill	108,803		—
Purchase price	241,104		28,906
Acquisition-related liabilities	—		(6,176)
Other	(1,596)		—
Net cash paid for acquisitions	$	239,508	$	22,730

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, by reportable segment, from December 31, 2022 to September 30, 2023 are summarized as follows:

	West		East		Cement		Total
Balance—December 31, 2022	$	566,389	$	361,501	$	204,656	$	1,132,546
Acquisitions (1)	108,803		—		—		108,803
Foreign currency translation adjustments	123		—		—		123
Balance—September 30, 2023	$	675,315	$	361,501	$	204,656	$	1,241,472

_______________________________________________________________________

(1) Reflects goodwill from 2023 acquisitions.

The Company’s intangible assets subject to amortization are primarily composed of operating permits, mineral lease agreements and reserve rights. Operating permits relate to permitting and zoning rights acquired outside of a business combination. The assets related to mineral lease agreements reflect the submarket royalty rates paid under agreements, primarily for extracting aggregates. The values were determined as of the respective acquisition dates by a comparison of market-royalty rates. The reserve rights relate to aggregate reserves to which the Company has certain rights of ownership, but does not own the reserves. The intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lives of the leases or permits. The following table shows intangible assets by type and in total:

	September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Gross  Carrying  Amount		Accumulated  Amortization		Net  Carrying  Amount		Gross  Carrying  Amount		Accumulated  Amortization		Net  Carrying  Amount
Operating permits	$	38,677	$	(5,291)	$	33,386	$	38,677	$	(4,109)	$	34,568
Mineral leases	17,778		(7,452)		10,326		18,091		(7,056)		11,035
Reserve rights	25,586		(4,814)		20,772		25,242		(3,872)		21,370
Other	4,888		(558)		4,330		4,877		(466)		4,411
Total intangible assets	$	86,929	$	(18,115)	$	68,814	$	86,887	$	(15,503)	$	71,384

Amortization expense totaled $0.8 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $0.8 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, respectively. The estimated amortization expense for the intangible assets for each of the five years subsequent to September 30, 2023 is as follows:

2023 (three months)	$	1,001
2024	4,011
2025	3,969
2026	3,920
2027	3,908
2028	3,910
Thereafter	48,095
Total	$	68,814

In September 2023, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire all of the outstanding equity interests of Argos North America Corp. (“Argos USA”) in a cash and stock transaction valued at $3.2 billion. Argos USA is among the largest cement producers with four integrated cement plants and approximately 140 ready-mix plants in the Southeast, Mid-Atlantic and Texas geographies. Under the terms of the agreement, the shareholders of Argos USA will receive approximately $1.2 billion in cash subject to closing adjustments and approximately 54.7 million shares of the Company's Class A common stock. In connection with the agreement, the Company has obtained committed financing in the form of a $1.3 billion 364-day term loan bridge facility to finance the cash consideration to be paid to the shareholders of Argos USA. The Company expects to enter into permanent financing agreements prior to the transaction closing, which would reduce any amounts that may ultimately be borrowed under the term loan bridge facility. The transaction closing is expected to occur prior to the end of the first quarter of 2024, subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approvals and approval by the Company's stockholders.

Summit Materials, LLC

Business Acquisition [Line Items]

ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSTIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES

ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSITIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES

The financial results of each acquisition have been included in the Company’s consolidated results of operations beginning on the respective closing dates of the acquisitions. The Company measures all assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their acquisition-date fair value. Goodwill acquired during a business combination has an indefinite life and is not amortized.

The following table summarizes the Company’s acquisitions by region and period:

	Nine months ended	Year ended
	September 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
West	3	—
East	1	2

The purchase price allocation, primarily the valuation of property, plant and equipment for the acquisitions completed during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as well as the acquisitions completed during 2022 that occurred after October 1, 2022, have not yet been finalized due to the recent timing of the acquisitions, status of the valuation of property, plant and equipment and finalization of related tax returns. The following table summarizes aggregated information regarding the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the respective acquisition dates:

	Nine months ended		Year ended
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Financial assets	$	12,747	$	297
Inventories	6,694		161
Property, plant and equipment	124,051		30,041
Other assets	1,550		1,116
Financial liabilities	(11,973)		(1,120)
Other long-term liabilities	(768)		(1,589)
Net assets acquired	132,301		28,906
Goodwill	108,803		—
Purchase price	241,104		28,906
Acquisition-related liabilities	—		(6,176)
Other	(1,596)		—
Net cash paid for acquisitions	$	239,508	$	22,730

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, by reportable segment, from December 31, 2022 to September 30, 2023 are summarized as follows:

	West		East		Cement		Total
Balance—December 31, 2022	$	567,389	$	361,501	$	204,656	$	1,133,546
Acquisitions (1)	108,803		—		—		108,803
Foreign currency translation adjustments	123		—		—		123
Balance—September 30, 2023	$	676,315	$	361,501	$	204,656	$	1,242,472

_______________________________________________________________________

(1) Reflects goodwill from 2023 acquisitions.

The Company’s intangible assets subject to amortization are primarily composed of operating permits, mineral lease agreements and reserve rights. Operating permits relate to permitting and zoning rights acquired outside of a business combination. The assets related to mineral lease agreements reflect the submarket royalty rates paid under agreements, primarily for extracting aggregates. The values were determined as of the respective acquisition dates by a comparison of market-royalty rates. The reserve rights relate to aggregate reserves to which the Company has certain rights of ownership, but does not own the reserves. The intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lives of the leases or permits. The following table shows intangible assets by type and in total:

	September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Operating permits	$	38,677	$	(5,291)	$	33,386	$	38,677	$	(4,109)	$	34,568
Mineral leases	17,778		(7,452)		10,326		18,091		(7,056)		11,035
Reserve rights	25,586		(4,814)		20,772		25,242		(3,872)		21,370
Other	4,888		(558)		4,330		4,877		(466)		4,411
Total intangible assets	$	86,929	$	(18,115)	$	68,814	$	86,887	$	(15,503)	$	71,384

Amortization expense totaled $0.8 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $0.8 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, respectively The estimated amortization expense for the intangible assets for each of the five years subsequent to September 30, 2023 is as follows:

2023 (three months)	$	1,001
2024	4,011
2025	3,969
2026	3,920
2027	3,908
2028	3,910
Thereafter	48,095
Total	$	68,814

In September 2023, Summit Inc. entered into a definitive agreement to acquire all of the outstanding equity interests of Argos North America Corp. (“Argos USA”) in a cash and stock transaction valued at $3.2 billion. Argos USA is among the largest cement producers with four integrated cement plants and approximately 140 ready-mix plants in the Southeast, Mid-Atlantic and Texas geographies. Under the terms of the agreement, the shareholders of Argos USA will receive approximately $1.2 billion in cash subject to closing adjustments and approximately 54.7 million shares of Summit Inc.'s Class A common stock. In connection with the agreement, the Company has obtained committed financing in the form of a $1.3 billion 364-day term loan bridge facility to finance the cash consideration to be paid to the shareholders of Argos USA. The Company expects to enter into permanent financing agreements prior to the transaction closing, which would reduce any amounts that may ultimately be borrowed under the term loan bridge facility. The transaction closing is expected to occur prior to the end of the first quarter of 2024, subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approvals and approval by Summit Inc.'s stockholders.

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REVENUE RECOGNITION

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]

REVENUE RECOGNITION

REVENUE RECOGNITION

We derive our revenue predominantly by selling construction materials, products and providing paving and related services. Construction materials consist of aggregates and cement. Products consist of related downstream products, including ready-mix concrete, asphalt paving mix and concrete products. Paving and related service revenue is generated primarily from the asphalt paving services that we provide.

Revenue by product for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022 is as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Revenue by product*:
Aggregates	$	179,819	$	163,524	$	505,984	$	448,397
Cement	115,135		112,489		267,755		241,858
Ready-mix concrete	213,325		189,081		551,673		530,001
Asphalt	117,896		106,804		236,340		218,083
Paving and related services	110,370		120,327		226,928		249,547
Other	58,252		60,522		170,655		172,362
Total revenue	$	794,797	$	752,747	$	1,959,335	$	1,860,248

*Revenue from liquid asphalt terminals is included in asphalt revenue.

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: 

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Trade accounts receivable	$	305,436	$	215,766
Construction contract receivables	64,438		37,067
Retention receivables	13,165		11,048
Accounts receivable	383,039		263,881
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts	(7,110)		(7,212)
Accounts receivable, net	$	375,929	$	256,669

Retention receivables are amounts earned by the Company but held by customers until paving and related service contracts and projects are near completion or fully completed. Amounts are generally billed and collected within one year.

Summit Materials, LLC

Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]

REVENUE RECOGNITION

REVENUE RECOGNITION

We derive our revenue predominantly by selling construction materials, products and providing paving and related services. Construction materials consist of aggregates and cement. Products consist of related downstream products, including ready-mix concrete, asphalt paving mix and concrete products. Paving and related service revenue is generated primarily from the asphalt paving services that we provide.

Revenue by product for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022 is as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Revenue by product*:
Aggregates	$	179,819	$	163,524	$	505,984	$	448,397
Cement	115,135		112,489		267,755		241,858
Ready-mix concrete	213,325		189,081		551,673		530,001
Asphalt	117,896		106,804		236,340		218,083
Paving and related services	110,370		120,327		226,928		249,547
Other	58,252		60,522		170,655		172,362
Total revenue	$	794,797	$	752,747	$	1,959,335	$	1,860,248

*Revenue from liquid asphalt terminals is included in asphalt revenue.

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Trade accounts receivable	$	305,436	$	215,766
Construction contract receivables	64,438		37,067
Retention receivables	13,165		11,048
Accounts receivable	383,039		263,881
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts	(7,110)		(7,212)
Accounts receivable, net	$	375,929	$	256,669

Retention receivables are amounts earned by the Company but held by customers until paving and related service contracts and projects are near completion or fully completed. Amounts are generally billed and collected within one year.

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INVENTORIES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Inventory [Line Items]

INVENTORIES

INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: 

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Aggregate stockpiles	$	165,071	$	148,347
Finished goods	43,316		33,622
Work in process	11,220		8,191
Raw materials	23,529		22,331
Total	$	243,136	$	212,491

Summit Materials, LLC

Inventory [Line Items]

INVENTORIES

INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Aggregate stockpiles	$	165,071	$	148,347
Finished goods	43,316		33,622
Work in process	11,220		8,191
Raw materials	23,529		22,331
Total	$	243,136	$	212,491

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ACCRUED EXPENSES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Schedule Of Accrued Expenses [Line Items]

ACCRUED EXPENSES

ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accrued expenses consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Interest	$	10,677	$	24,625
Payroll and benefits	48,595		34,485
Finance lease obligations	3,399		6,959
Insurance	23,874		18,127
Current portion of TRA liability and non-income taxes	14,349		4,360
Deferred asset purchase payments	5,892		5,131
Professional fees	11,980		924
Other (1)	28,853		25,356
Total	$	147,619	$	119,967

(1)Consists primarily of current portion of asset retirement obligations and miscellaneous accruals.

Summit Materials, LLC

Schedule Of Accrued Expenses [Line Items]

ACCRUED EXPENSES

ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accrued expenses consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Interest	$	10,677	$	24,625
Payroll and benefits	48,595		34,485
Finance lease obligations	3,399		6,959
Insurance	23,874		18,127
Non-income taxes	14,835		5,101
Deferred asset purchase payments	5,892		5,131
Professional fees	11,980		924
Other (1)	28,853		25,356
Total	$	148,105	$	120,708

_______________________________________________________________________

(1) Consists primarily of current portion of asset retirement obligations and miscellaneous accruals.

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DEBT

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

DEBT

DEBT

Debt consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: 

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Term Loan, due 2027:
$505.7 million and $509.6 million, net of $4.2 million and $5.0 million discount at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	$	501,492	$	504,549
61⁄2% Senior Notes, due 2027	300,000		300,000
51⁄4% Senior Notes, due 2029	700,000		700,000
Total	1,501,492		1,504,549
Current portion of long-term debt	3,822		5,096
Long-term debt	$	1,497,670	$	1,499,453

The contractual payments of long-term debt, including current maturities, for the five years subsequent to September 30, 2023, are as follows:

2023 (three months)	$	1,274
2024	3,822
2025	6,369
2026	5,096
2027	789,177
2028	—
Thereafter	700,000
Total	1,505,738
Less: Original issue net discount	(4,246)
Less: Capitalized loan costs	(9,601)
Total debt	$	1,491,891

Senior Notes— On August 11, 2020, Summit LLC and Summit Finance (together, the “Issuers”) issued $700.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.250% senior notes due January 15, 2029 (the “2029 Notes”). The 2029 Notes were issued at 100.0% of their par value with proceeds of $690.4 million, net of related fees and expenses. The 2029 Notes were issued under an indenture dated August 11, 2020 (the "2029 Notes Indenture"). The 2029 Notes Indenture contains covenants limiting, among other things, Summit LLC and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred shares, pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions, make certain investments, sell or transfer certain assets, create liens, consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets, enter into certain transactions with affiliates, and designate subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries. The 2029 Notes Indenture also contains customary events of default. Interest on the 2029 Notes is payable semi-annually on January 15 and July 15 of each year commencing on January 15, 2021.

On March 15, 2019, the Issuers issued $300.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.500% senior notes due March 15, 2027 (the “2027 Notes”). The 2027 Notes were issued at 100.0% of their par value with proceeds of $296.3 million, net of related fees and expenses. The 2027 Notes were issued under an indenture dated March 25, 2019, the terms of which are generally consistent with the 2029 Notes Indenture. Interest on the 2027 Notes is payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15 of each year commencing on September 15, 2019.

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the applicable indentures.

Senior Secured Credit Facilities— Summit LLC has credit facilities that provide for term loans in an aggregate amount of $505.7 million and revolving credit commitments in an aggregate amount of $395.0 million (the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”). Under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, required principal repayments of 0.25% of the refinanced aggregate amount of term debt are due on the last business day of each March, June, September and December commencing with the March 2023 payment. The interest rate on the term loan is a variable rate, it was 8.57% as of September 30, 2023. In 2022, the Company repaid $95.6 million of its term loan under provisions related to divestitures of businesses.

On December 14, 2022, Summit Materials, LLC entered into Amendment No. 5 to the credit agreement governing the Senior Secured Credit Facilities (the “Credit Agreement”), which among other things, (a) refinanced the existing $509.6 million of existing term loans with new term loans under the Term Loan Facility bearing interest, at Summit LLC’s option, based on either the base rate or Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") rate and an applicable margin of (i) 2.00% per annum with respect to base rate borrowings and a floor of 1.00% per annum or (ii) 3.00% per annum with respect to Term SOFR borrowings, with a SOFR adjustment of 0.10% per annum and a floor of zero, and (b) extended the maturity date to December 14, 2027.

On January 10, 2023, Summit Materials, LLC entered into Amendment No. 6 to the Credit Agreement, which among other things, increased the maximum amount available to $395.0 million and extended the maturity date to January 10, 2028. The revolving credit agreement bears interest per annum equal to a Term SOFR Rate with a SOFR adjustment of 0.10% per annum and a floor of zero.

There were no outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, with borrowing capacity of $374.1 million remaining as of September 30, 2023, which is net of $20.9 million of outstanding letters of credit. The outstanding letters of credit are renewed annually and support required bonding on construction projects, large leases, workers compensation claims and the Company’s insurance liabilities.

Summit LLC’s Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio, as such term is defined in the Credit Agreement, should be no greater than 4.75:1.0 as of each quarter-end. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Summit LLC was in compliance with all financial covenants.

Summit LLC’s wholly-owned domestic subsidiary companies, subject to certain exclusions and exceptions, are named as subsidiary guarantors of the Senior Notes and the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. In addition, Summit LLC has pledged substantially all of its assets as collateral, subject to certain exclusions and exceptions, for the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.

In September 2023, in connection with our agreement to combine with Argos USA, we obtained a $1.3 billion 364-day term loan bridge facility commitment from various financial institutions. The term loan bridge facility may only be drawn to close the transaction. We expect to obtain permanent financing prior to our combination with Argos USA, at which time the term loan bridge facility commitment will expire.

The following table presents the activity for the deferred financing fees for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022:

	Deferred financing fees
Balance—December 31, 2022	$	11,489
Loan origination fees	1,566
Amortization	(1,838)
Write off of deferred financing fees	(160)
Balance—September 30, 2023	$	11,057
Balance—January 1, 2022	$	13,049
Amortization	(2,028)
Balance—October 1, 2022	$	11,021

Other—On January 15, 2015, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary in British Columbia, Canada entered into an agreement with HSBC Bank Canada, which was amended on November 30, 2020, for a (i) $6.0 million Canadian dollar (“CAD”) revolving credit commitment to be used for operating activities that bears interest per annum equal to the bank’s prime rate plus 0.20%, (ii) $0.5 million CAD revolving credit commitment to be used for capital equipment that bears interest per annum at the bank’s prime rate plus 0.20% and (iii) $1.5 million CAD revolving credit commitment to provide guarantees on behalf of that subsidiary and (iv) $10.0 million CAD revolving foreign exchange facility available to purchase foreign exchange forward contracts. There were no amounts outstanding under this agreement as of September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022, which may be terminated upon demand.

Summit Materials, LLC

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

DEBT

DEBT

Debt consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Term Loan, due 2027:
$505.7 million and $509.6 million, net of $4.2 million and $5.0 million discount at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	$	501,492	$	504,549
6 1/2% Senior Notes, due 2027	300,000		300,000
5 1/4% Senior Notes, due 2029	700,000		700,000
Total	1,501,492		1,504,549
Current portion of long-term debt	3,822		5,096
Long-term debt	$	1,497,670	$	1,499,453

The contractual payments of long-term debt, including current maturities, for the five years subsequent to September 30, 2023, are as follows:

2023 (three months)	$	1,274
2024	3,822
2025	6,369
2026	5,096
2027	789,177
2028	—
Thereafter	700,000
Total	1,505,738
Less: Original issue net discount	(4,246)
Less: Capitalized loan costs	(9,601)
Total debt	$	1,491,891

Senior Notes—On August 11, 2020, Summit LLC and Summit Finance (together, the “Issuers”) issued $700.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.250% senior notes due January 15, 2029 (the “2029 Notes”). The 2029 Notes were issued at 100.0% of their par value with proceeds of $690.4 million, net of related fees and expenses. The 2029 Notes were issued under an indenture dated August 11, 2020 (the "2029 Notes Indenture"). The 2029 Notes Indenture contains covenants limiting, among other things, Summit LLC and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred shares, pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions, make certain investments, sell or transfer certain assets, create liens, consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets, enter into certain transactions with affiliates, and designate subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries. The 2029 Notes Indenture also contains customary events of default. Interest on the 2029 Notes is payable semi-annually on January 15 and July 15 of each year commencing on January 15, 2021.

On March 15, 2019, the Issuers issued $300.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.500% senior notes due March 15, 2027 (the “2027 Notes”). The 2027 Notes were issued at 100.0% of their par value with proceeds of $296.3 million, net of related fees and expenses. The 2027 Notes were issued under an indenture dated March 25, 2019, the terms of which are generally consistent with the 2029 Notes Indenture. Interest on the 2027 Notes is payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15 of each year commencing on September 15, 2019.

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the applicable indentures.

Senior Secured Credit Facilities— Summit LLC has credit facilities that provide for term loans in an aggregate amount of $505.7 million and revolving credit commitments in an aggregate amount of $395.0 million (the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”). Under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, required principal repayments of 0.25% of the refinanced aggregate amount of term debt are due on the last business day of each March, June, September and December commencing with the March 2023 payment. The interest rate on the term loan is a variable rate, it was 8.57% as of September 30, 2023. In 2022, the Company repaid $95.6 million of its term loan under provisions related to divestitures of businesses.

On December 14, 2022, Summit Materials, LLC entered into Amendment No. 5 to the credit agreement governing the Senior Secured Credit Facilities (the “Credit Agreement”), which among other things, (a) refinanced the existing $509.6 million of existing term loans with new term loans under the Term Loan Facility bearing interest, at Summit LLC’s option, based on either the base rate or Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) rate and an applicable margin of (i) 2.00% per annum with respect to base rate borrowings and a floor of 1.00% per annum or (ii) 3.00% per annum with respect to Term SOFR borrowings, with a SOFR adjustment of 0.10% per annum and a floor of zero, and (b) extended the maturity date to December 14, 2027.

On January 10, 2023, Summit Materials, LLC entered into Amendment No. 6 to the Credit Agreement, which among other things, increased the maximum amount available to $395.0 million and extended the maturity date to January 10, 2028. The revolving credit agreement bears interest per annum equal to a Term SOFR Rate with a SOFR adjustment of 0.10% per annum and a floor of zero.

There were no outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, with borrowing capacity of $374.1 million remaining as of September 30, 2023, which is net of $20.9 million of outstanding letters of credit. The outstanding letters of credit are renewed annually and support required bonding on construction projects, large leases, workers compensation claims and the Company’s insurance liabilities.

Summit LLC’s Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio, as such term is defined in the Credit Agreement, should be no greater than 4.75:1.0 as of each quarter-end. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Summit LLC was in compliance with all financial covenants.

Summit LLC’s wholly-owned domestic subsidiary companies, subject to certain exclusions and exceptions, are named as subsidiary guarantors of the Senior Notes and the Senior Secured Credit Facilities. In addition, Summit LLC has pledged substantially all of its assets as collateral, subject to certain exclusions and exceptions, for the Senior Secured Credit Facilities.

In September 2023, in connection with our agreement to combine with Argos USA, we obtained a $1.3 billion 364-day term loan bridge facility commitment from various financial institutions. The term loan bridge facility may only be drawn to close the transaction. We expect to obtain permanent financing prior to our combination with Argos USA, at which time the term loan bridge facility commitment will expire.

The following table presents the activity for the deferred financing fees for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022:

	Deferred financing fees
Balance—December 31, 2022	$	11,489
Loan origination fees	1,566
Amortization	(1,838)
Write off of deferred financing fees	(160)
Balance—September 30, 2023	$	11,057
Balance - January 1, 2022	$	13,049
Amortization	(2,028)
Balance -October 1, 2022	$	11,021

Other—On January 15, 2015, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary in British Columbia, Canada entered into an agreement with HSBC Bank Canada, which was amended on November 30, 2020, for a (i) $6.0 million Canadian dollar (“CAD”) revolving credit commitment to be used for operating activities that bears interest per annum equal to the bank’s prime rate plus 0.20%, (ii) $0.5 million CAD revolving credit commitment to be used for capital equipment that bears interest per annum at the bank’s prime rate plus 0.20% and (iii) $1.5 million CAD revolving credit commitment to provide guarantees on behalf of that subsidiary and (iv) $10.0 million CAD revolving foreign exchange facility available to purchase foreign exchange forward contracts. There were no amounts outstanding under this agreement as of September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022, which may be terminated upon demand.

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INCOME TAXES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Income Taxes [Line Items]

INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAXES

Summit Inc.’s tax provision includes its proportional share of Summit Holdings’ tax attributes. Summit Holdings’ subsidiaries are primarily limited liability companies but do include certain entities organized as C corporations and a Canadian subsidiary. The tax attributes related to the limited liability companies are passed on to Summit Holdings and then to its partners, including Summit Inc. The tax attributes associated with the C corporation and Canadian subsidiaries are fully reflected in the Company’s accounts.

Our income tax expense was $23.9 million and $39.9 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and our income tax expense was $24.8 million and $74.0 million in the three and nine months ended October 1, 2022, respectively. The effective tax rate for Summit Inc. differs from the federal statutory tax rate primarily due to (1) the non-taxability of the tax receivable agreement benefit (2) tax depletion expense in excess of the expense recorded under U.S. GAAP, (3) basis differences in assets divested, (4) state taxes, (5) the minority interest in the Summit Holdings partnership that is allocated outside of the Company and (6) various other items such as limitations on meals and entertainment, certain stock compensation and other costs.

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Summit Inc. had a valuation allowance of $1.1 million in both periods, which relates to certain deferred tax assets in taxable entities where realization is not more likely than not.

No material interest or penalties were recognized in income tax expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022.

Tax Receivable Agreement—The Company is party to a TRA with certain current and former holders of LP Units that provides for the payment by Summit Inc. to exchanging holders of LP Units of 85% of the benefits, if any, that Summit Inc. actually realizes (or, under certain circumstances such as an early termination of the TRA, is deemed to realize) as a result of increases in the tax basis of tangible and intangible assets of Summit Holdings and certain other tax benefits related to entering into the TRA, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the TRA.

In the third quarter of 2023, Summit LLC reached an agreement to acquire all of the rights and interests in the TRA from affiliates of Blackstone Inc. and certain other TRA holders for cash consideration of $122.9 million. In connection with these transactions, Summit LLC and Summit Inc. reached an agreement whereby the maximum amount Summit Inc. is obligated to pay Summit LLC for the TRA interests acquired is limited to the amount Summit LLC paid for the TRA interests. As the cash paid for TRA interests acquired was less than their carrying value, Summit Inc. recognized a tax receivable agreement benefit of $153.1 million in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations.

In the nine months ended September 30, 2023, 176,258 LP Units were acquired by Summit Inc. in exchange for an equal number of newly-issued shares of Summit Inc.’s Class A common stock. Subsequent to quarter end, an additional 345,554 LP units were exchanged for an equal amount of newly issued shares of Summit Inc.'s Class A common stock, and Summit LLC. Summit LLC then acquired the interest in the TRA interests from certain of those holders for aggregate cash consideration of $9.5 million, resulting in further reduction of the TRA liability of approximately $19.3 million.

Changes in the balance of the TRA liability, from December 31, 2022 to September 30, 2023 are summarized as follows:

	TRA Liability
Balance — December 31, 2022	$	328,356
LP unit exchanges during period	1,146
Purchase of TRA interests	(122,935)
TRA liability reduction	(153,080)
TRA liability payments	(544)
Total	52,943
Less current portion	800
Balance — September 30, 2023	$	52,143

Tax Distributions – The holders of Summit Holdings’ LP Units, including Summit Inc., incur U.S. federal, state and local income taxes on their share of any taxable income of Summit Holdings. The limited partnership agreement of Summit Holdings provides for pro rata cash distributions (“tax distributions”) to the holders of the LP Units in an amount generally calculated to provide each holder of LP Units with sufficient cash to cover its tax liability in respect of the LP Units. In general, these tax distributions are computed based on Summit Holdings’ estimated taxable income allocated to Summit Inc. multiplied by an assumed tax rate equal to the highest effective marginal combined U.S. federal, state and local income tax rate in New York, New York. In the nine months ended September 30, 2023, Summit Holdings paid tax distributions of approximately $4.5 million, of which $0.1 million was paid to holders of its LP Units not owned by Summit Inc. In the nine months ended October 1, 2022, Summit Holdings made a tax distribution of approximately $34.2 million, of which $0.4 million went to LP units not owned by Summit Inc.

Summit Materials, LLC

Income Taxes [Line Items]

INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAXES

Summit LLC is a limited liability company and passes its tax attributes for federal and state tax purposes to its parent company and is generally not subject to federal or state income tax. However, certain subsidiary entities file federal, state and Canadian income tax returns due to their status as taxable entities in the respective jurisdiction. The effective income tax rate for the C Corporations differs from the statutory federal rate primarily due to (1) tax depletion expense in excess of the expense recorded under U.S. GAAP, (2) basis differences in assets divested, (3) state income taxes and the effect of graduated tax rates and (4) various other items, such as limitations on meals and entertainment and other costs. The effective income tax rate for the Canadian subsidiary is not significantly different from its historical effective tax rate.

No material interest or penalties were recognized in income tax expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022.

In 2015, Summit Inc. entered into a TRA with the holders of LP Units and certain other pre-initial public offering owners that provides for the payment by Summit Inc. to exchanging holders of LP Units of 85% of the benefits, if any, that Summit Inc. actually realizes (or, under certain circumstances such as an early termination of the TRA, is deemed to realize) as the result of increases in the tax basis of tangible and intangible assets of Summit Holdings and certain other tax benefits related to entering into the TRA, including the tax benefits attributable to payments under the TRA.

In the third quarter of 2023, Summit LLC reached an agreement to acquire all of the rights and interests in the TRA from affiliates of Blackstone Inc. and certain other TRA holders for cash consideration of $122.9 million. In connection with these transactions, Summit LLC and Summit Inc. reached an agreement whereby the maximum amount Summit Inc is obligated to pay Summit LLC for the TRA interests acquired is limited to the amount Summit LLC paid for the TRA interests.

Each year, Summit Inc updates the estimated timing as to when TRA payments are expected to be made. The timing and cash tax savings of those payments can cause variations in the future value of the TRA tax attributes.. Summit LLC expects to fully realize the value its TRA interests held via future payments from Summit Inc.

As of September 30, 2023, Summit LLC had a current TRA interest asset of $4.4 million and a noncurrent TRA interest asset of $118.5 million.

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EARNINGS PER SHARE

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

EARNINGS PER SHARE

EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average common shares outstanding and diluted net earnings is computed by dividing net earnings, adjusted for changes in the earnings allocated to Summit Inc. as a result of the assumed conversion of LP Units, by the weighted-average common shares outstanding assuming dilution.

The following table shows the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Net income attributable to Summit Inc.	$	230,045	$	86,489	$	282,878	$	242,310
Weighted average shares of Class A stock outstanding	118,928,799		119,753,806		118,780,523		120,196,211
Add: Nonvested restricted stock awards of retirement eligible shares	84,532		142,466		94,444		148,804
Weighted average shares outstanding	119,013,331		119,896,272		118,874,967		120,345,015
Basic earnings per share	$	1.93	$	0.72	$	2.38	$	2.01
Diluted net income attributable to Summit Inc.	$	230,045	$	86,489	$	282,878	$	242,310
Weighted average shares outstanding	119,013,331		119,896,272		118,874,967		120,345,015
Add: stock options	122,753		78,799		108,024		93,993
Add: warrants	15,578		10,790		13,943		12,202
Add: restricted stock units	356,286		279,684		376,221		485,174
Add: performance stock units	217,745		117,767		185,819		141,766
Weighted average dilutive shares outstanding	119,725,693		120,383,312		119,558,974		121,078,150
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.92	$	0.72	$	2.37	$	2.00

Excluded from the above calculations were the shares noted below as they were antidilutive:

	Three months ended		Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023	October 1, 2022	September 30, 2023	October 1, 2022
Antidilutive shares:
LP Units	1,303,990	1,312,795	1,308,417	1,313,601

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY/MEMBERS' INTEREST

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Schedule of Capitalization, Equity [Line Items]

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

During 2023, certain limited partners of Summit Holdings exchanged their LP Units for shares of Class A common stock of Summit Inc. Subsequent to September 30, 2023, an additional 345,554 LP units were exchanged for shares of Class A common stock.

In March 2022, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program, whereby we can repurchase up to $250 million of our Class A common stock. As of September 30, 2023, there was $149.0 million available for purchase, upon which they will be retired.

The following table summarizes the changes in our ownership of Summit Holdings:

	Summit Inc. Shares (Class A)	LP Units	Total	Summit Inc. Ownership Percentage
Balance — December 31, 2022	118,408,655	1,312,004	119,720,659	98.9	%
Exchanges during period	176,258	(176,258)	—
Stock option exercises	5,407	—	5,407
Other equity transactions	522,630	—	522,630
Balance — September 30, 2023	119,112,950	1,135,746	120,248,696	99.1	%
Balance — January 1, 2022	120,684,322	1,314,006	121,998,328	98.9	%
Exchanges during period	2,000	(2,000)	—
Stock option exercises	10,098	—	10,098
Repurchases of common stock	(3,427,510)	—	(3,427,510)
Other equity transactions	1,097,273	—	1,097,273
Balance — October 1, 2022	118,366,183	1,312,006	119,678,189	98.9	%

Summit Inc. is Summit Holdings’ primary beneficiary and thus consolidates Summit Holdings in its consolidated financial statements with a corresponding noncontrolling interest reclassification, which was 0.9% and 1.1% as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) —The changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consisted of the following:

	Change in  retirement plans		Foreign currency  translation  adjustments		Accumulated  other  comprehensive  income (loss)
Balance — December 31, 2022	$	6,356	$	(3,272)	$	3,084
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax	—		212		212
Balance — September 30, 2023	$	6,356	$	(3,060)	$	3,296
Balance — January 1, 2022	$	1,508	$	5,575	$	7,083
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax	—		(10,553)		(10,553)
Balance — October 1, 2022	$	1,508	$	(4,978)	$	(3,470)

Summit Materials, LLC

Schedule of Capitalization, Equity [Line Items]

MEMBERS' INTEREST

MEMBERS’ INTEREST

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) —The changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consisted of the following:

					Accumulated
			Foreign currency		other
	Change in		translation		comprehensive
	retirement plans		adjustments		(loss) income
Balance — December 31, 2022	$	(762)	$	(20,614)	$	(21,376)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		295		295
Balance — September 30, 2023	$	(762)	$	(20,319)	$	(21,081)
Balance — January 1, 2022	$	(7,243)	$	(8,783)	$	(16,026)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		(14,113)		(14,113)
Balance — October 1, 2022	$	(7,243)	$	(22,896)	$	(30,139)

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SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Schedule Of Cash Flow Supplemental [Line Items]

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

Supplemental cash flow information is as follows:

	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Cash payments:
Interest	$	88,400	$	70,184
Payments for income taxes, net	13,602		15,888
Operating cash payments on operating leases	7,578		7,112
Operating cash payments on finance leases	400		890
Finance cash payments on finance leases	6,137		13,465
Non cash investing and financing activities:
Accrued liabilities for purchases of property, plant and equipment	$	22,244	$	16,778
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	6,371		13,302
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for finance leases obligations	413		258
Exchange of LP Units to shares of Class A common stock	5,527		62

Summit Materials, LLC

Schedule Of Cash Flow Supplemental [Line Items]

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

Supplemental cash flow information is as follows:

	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Cash payments:
Interest	$	88,400	$	70,184
Payments for income taxes, net	13,602		15,888
Operating cash payments on operating leases	7,578		7,112
Operating cash payments on finance leases	400		890
Finance cash payments on finance leases	6,137		13,465
Non cash investing and financing activities:
Accrued liabilities for purchases of property, plant and equipment	$	22,244	$	16,778
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	6,371		13,302
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for finance leases obligations	413		258

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LEASES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]

LEASES

LEASES

We lease construction and office equipment, distribution facilities and office space. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less, including month to month leases, are not recorded on the balance sheet. Lease expense for short-term leases is recognized on a straight line basis over the lease term. For lease agreements we have entered into or reassessed, we combine lease and nonlease components. While we also own mineral leases for mining operations, those leases are outside the scope of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-2, Leases (Topic 842). Assets acquired under finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment.

Many of our leases include options to purchase the leased equipment. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The components of lease expense were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,903	$	2,398	$	8,241		$	7,181
Variable lease cost	39		70		103			225
Short-term lease cost	13,238		11,916		30,692			31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483		1,235		2,015			4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118		239		399			879
Total lease cost	$	16,781	$	15,858	$	41,450		$	43,980
					September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets					$	38,380		$	37,889
Current operating lease liabilities					$	8,745		$	7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities					34,838			35,737
Total operating lease liabilities					$	43,583		$	43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross					$	20,030		$	32,119
Less accumulated depreciation					(9,893)			(14,992)
Property and equipment, net					$	10,137		$	17,127
Current finance lease liabilities					$	3,399		$	6,959
Long-term finance lease liabilities					5,180			7,167
Total finance lease liabilities					$	8,579		$	14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases					8.4			9.1
Finance lease					3.4			2.8
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases					5.1		%	4.7		%
Finance leases					5.9		%	5.3		%
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:
					Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023 (three months)					$	2,739		$	1,283
2024					10,294			3,052
2025					8,165			2,435
2026					6,414			990
2027					4,760			760
2028					3,450			513
Thereafter					17,600			570
Total lease payments					53,422			9,603
Less imputed interest					(9,839)			(1,024)
Present value of lease payments					$	43,583		$	8,579

LEASES

LEASES

We lease construction and office equipment, distribution facilities and office space. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less, including month to month leases, are not recorded on the balance sheet. Lease expense for short-term leases is recognized on a straight line basis over the lease term. For lease agreements we have entered into or reassessed, we combine lease and nonlease components. While we also own mineral leases for mining operations, those leases are outside the scope of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-2, Leases (Topic 842). Assets acquired under finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment.

Many of our leases include options to purchase the leased equipment. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The components of lease expense were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,903	$	2,398	$	8,241		$	7,181
Variable lease cost	39		70		103			225
Short-term lease cost	13,238		11,916		30,692			31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483		1,235		2,015			4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118		239		399			879
Total lease cost	$	16,781	$	15,858	$	41,450		$	43,980
					September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets					$	38,380		$	37,889
Current operating lease liabilities					$	8,745		$	7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities					34,838			35,737
Total operating lease liabilities					$	43,583		$	43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross					$	20,030		$	32,119
Less accumulated depreciation					(9,893)			(14,992)
Property and equipment, net					$	10,137		$	17,127
Current finance lease liabilities					$	3,399		$	6,959
Long-term finance lease liabilities					5,180			7,167
Total finance lease liabilities					$	8,579		$	14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases					8.4			9.1
Finance lease					3.4			2.8
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases					5.1		%	4.7		%
Finance leases					5.9		%	5.3		%
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:
					Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023 (three months)					$	2,739		$	1,283
2024					10,294			3,052
2025					8,165			2,435
2026					6,414			990
2027					4,760			760
2028					3,450			513
Thereafter					17,600			570
Total lease payments					53,422			9,603
Less imputed interest					(9,839)			(1,024)
Present value of lease payments					$	43,583		$	8,579

Summit Materials, LLC

Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]

LEASES

LEASES

We lease construction and office equipment, distribution facilities and office space. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less, including month to month leases, are not recorded on the balance sheet. Lease expense for short-term leases is recognized on a straight line basis over the lease term. For lease agreements we have entered into or reassessed, we combine lease and nonlease components. While we also own mineral leases for mining operations, those leases are outside the scope of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-2, Leases (Topic 842). Assets acquired under finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment.

Many of our leases include options to purchase the leased equipment. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The components of lease expense were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,903	$	2,398	$	8,241		$	7,181
Variable lease cost	39		70		103			225
Short-term lease cost	13,238		11,916		30,692			31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483		1,235		2,015			4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118		239		399			879
Total lease cost	$	16,781	$	15,858	$	41,450		$	43,980
					September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets					$	38,380		$	37,889
Current operating lease liabilities					$	8,745		$	7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities					34,838			35,737
Total operating lease liabilities					$	43,583		$	43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross					$	20,030		$	32,119
Less accumulated depreciation					(9,893)			(14,992)
Property and equipment, net					$	10,137		$	17,127
Current finance lease liabilities					$	3,399		$	6,959
Long-term finance lease liabilities					5,180			7,167
Total finance lease liabilities					$	8,579		$	14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases					8.4			9.1
Finance lease					3.4			2.8
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases					5.1		%	4.7		%
Finance leases					5.9		%	5.3		%
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:
					Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023 (three months)					$	2,739		$	1,283
2024					10,294			3,052
2025					8,165			2,435
2026					6,414			990
2027					4,760			760
2028					3,450			513
Thereafter					17,600			570
Total lease payments					53,422			9,603
Less imputed interest					(9,839)			(1,024)
Present value of lease payments					$	43,583		$	8,579

LEASES

LEASES

We lease construction and office equipment, distribution facilities and office space. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less, including month to month leases, are not recorded on the balance sheet. Lease expense for short-term leases is recognized on a straight line basis over the lease term. For lease agreements we have entered into or reassessed, we combine lease and nonlease components. While we also own mineral leases for mining operations, those leases are outside the scope of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-2, Leases (Topic 842). Assets acquired under finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment.

Many of our leases include options to purchase the leased equipment. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The components of lease expense were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,903	$	2,398	$	8,241		$	7,181
Variable lease cost	39		70		103			225
Short-term lease cost	13,238		11,916		30,692			31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483		1,235		2,015			4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118		239		399			879
Total lease cost	$	16,781	$	15,858	$	41,450		$	43,980
					September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets					$	38,380		$	37,889
Current operating lease liabilities					$	8,745		$	7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities					34,838			35,737
Total operating lease liabilities					$	43,583		$	43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross					$	20,030		$	32,119
Less accumulated depreciation					(9,893)			(14,992)
Property and equipment, net					$	10,137		$	17,127
Current finance lease liabilities					$	3,399		$	6,959
Long-term finance lease liabilities					5,180			7,167
Total finance lease liabilities					$	8,579		$	14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases					8.4			9.1
Finance lease					3.4			2.8
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases					5.1		%	4.7		%
Finance leases					5.9		%	5.3		%
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:
					Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023 (three months)					$	2,739		$	1,283
2024					10,294			3,052
2025					8,165			2,435
2026					6,414			990
2027					4,760			760
2028					3,450			513
Thereafter					17,600			570
Total lease payments					53,422			9,603
Less imputed interest					(9,839)			(1,024)
Present value of lease payments					$	43,583		$	8,579

XML

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Loss Contingencies [Line Items]

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company is party to certain legal actions arising from the ordinary course of business activities. Accruals are recorded when the outcome is probable and can be reasonably estimated. While the ultimate results of claims and litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, management expects that the ultimate resolution of all current pending or threatened claims and

litigation will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity. The Company records legal fees as incurred.

In March 2018, we were notified of an investigation by the Canadian Competition Bureau (the “CCB”) into pricing practices by certain asphalt paving contractors in British Columbia, including Winvan Paving, Ltd. (“Winvan”). We believe the investigation is focused on time periods prior to our April 2017 acquisition of Winvan and we are cooperating with the CCB. Although we currently do not believe this matter will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations, we are currently not able to predict the ultimate outcome or cost of the investigation.

Environmental Remediation and Site Restoration —The Company’s operations are subject to and affected by federal, state, provincial and local laws and regulations relating to the environment, health and safety and other regulatory matters. These operations require environmental operating permits, which are subject to modification, renewal and revocation. The Company regularly monitors and reviews its operations, procedures and policies for compliance with these laws and regulations. Despite these compliance efforts, risk of environmental liability is inherent in the operation of the Company’s business, as it is with other companies engaged in similar businesses and there can be no assurance that environmental liabilities or noncompliance will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

The Company has asset retirement obligations arising from regulatory and contractual requirements to perform reclamation activities at the time certain quarries and landfills are closed. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, $36.3 million and $36.3 million, respectively, were included in other noncurrent liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets and $5.3 million and $4.0 million, respectively, were included in accrued expenses for future reclamation costs. The total undiscounted anticipated costs for site reclamation as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were $123.1 million and $124.9 million, respectively.

Other—The Company is obligated under various firm purchase commitments for certain raw materials and services that are in the ordinary course of business. Management does not expect any significant changes in the market value of these goods and services during the commitment period that would have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. The terms of the purchase commitments generally approximate one year.

Summit Materials, LLC

Loss Contingencies [Line Items]

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company is party to certain legal actions arising from the ordinary course of business activities. Accruals are recorded when the outcome is probable and can be reasonably estimated. While the ultimate results of claims and litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, management expects that the ultimate resolution of all current pending or threatened claims and litigation will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity. The Company records legal fees as incurred.

In March 2018, we were notified of an investigation by the Canadian Competition Bureau (the “CCB”) into pricing practices by certain asphalt paving contractors in British Columbia, including Winvan Paving, Ltd. (“Winvan”). We believe the investigation is focused on time periods prior to our April 2017 acquisition of Winvan and we are cooperating with the CCB. Although we currently do not believe this matter will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations, we are currently not able to predict the ultimate outcome or cost of the investigation.

Environmental Remediation and Site Restoration—The Company’s operations are subject to and affected by federal, state, provincial and local laws and regulations relating to the environment, health and safety and other regulatory matters. These operations require environmental operating permits, which are subject to modification, renewal and revocation. The Company regularly monitors and reviews its operations, procedures and policies for compliance with these laws and regulations. Despite these compliance efforts, risk of environmental liability is inherent in the operation of the Company’s business, as it is with other companies engaged in similar businesses and there can be no assurance that environmental liabilities or noncompliance will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

The Company has asset retirement obligations arising from regulatory and contractual requirements to perform reclamation activities at the time certain quarries and landfills are closed. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, $36.3 million and $36.3 million, respectively, were included in other noncurrent liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets and $5.3 million and $4.0 million, respectively, were included in accrued expenses for future reclamation costs. The total undiscounted anticipated costs for site reclamation as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were $123.1 million and $124.9 million, respectively.

Other—The Company is obligated under various firm purchase commitments for certain raw materials and services that are in the ordinary course of business. Management does not expect any significant changes in the market value of these goods and services during the commitment period that would have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. The terms of the purchase commitments generally approximate one year.

XML

FAIR VALUE

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

FAIR VALUE

FAIR VALUE

Fair Value Measurements—Certain acquisitions made by the Company require the payment of contingent amounts of purchase consideration. These payments are contingent on specified operating results being achieved in periods subsequent to the acquisition and will only be made if earn-out thresholds are achieved. Contingent consideration obligations are measured at fair value each reporting period. Any adjustments to fair value are recognized in earnings in the period identified.

The fair value of contingent consideration as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities and Accrued expenses:
Contingent consideration	$	139	$	336
Acquisition-related liabilities and Other noncurrent liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	9,296	$	4,981

The fair value of contingent consideration was based on unobservable, or Level 3, inputs, including projected probability-weighted cash payments and a 10.0% discount rate, which reflects a market discount rate. Changes in fair value may occur as a result of a change in actual or projected cash payments, the probability weightings applied by the Company to projected payments or a change in the discount rate. Significant increases or decreases in any of these inputs in isolation could result in a lower, or higher, fair value measurement. There were no material valuation adjustments to contingent consideration as of September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022.

Financial Instruments—The Company’s financial instruments include debt and certain acquisition-related liabilities (deferred consideration and noncompete obligations). The carrying value and fair value of these financial instruments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was:

	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value
Level 1
Long-term debt(1)	$	1,434,238	$	1,501,492	$	1,447,673	$	1,504,549
Level 3
Current portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations(2)	6,889		6,889		13,382		13,382
Long term portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations(3)	18,337		18,337		24,070		24,070

(1)$3.8 million and $5.1 million was included in current portion of debt as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

(2)Included in current portion of acquisition-related liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Included in acquisition-related liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

The fair value of debt was determined based on observable, or Level 1, inputs, such as interest rates, bond yields and quoted prices in inactive markets. The fair values of the deferred consideration and noncompete obligations were determined based on unobservable, or Level 3, inputs, including the cash payment terms in the purchase agreements and a discount rate reflecting the Company’s credit risk. The discount rate used is generally consistent with that used when the obligations were initially recorded.

Securities with a maturity of three months or less are considered cash equivalents and the fair value of these assets approximates their carrying value.

Summit Materials, LLC

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

FAIR VALUE

FAIR VALUE

Fair Value Measurements—Certain acquisitions made by the Company require the payment of contingent amounts of purchase consideration. These payments are contingent on specified operating results being achieved in periods subsequent to the acquisition and will only be made if earn-out thresholds are achieved. Contingent consideration obligations are measured at fair value each reporting period. Any adjustments to fair value are recognized in earnings in the period identified.

The fair value of contingent consideration as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was: 

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities and Accrued expenses:
Contingent consideration	$	139	$	336
Acquisition-related liabilities and Other noncurrent liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	9,296	$	4,981

The fair value of contingent consideration was based on unobservable, or Level 3, inputs, including projected probability-weighted cash payments and a 10.0% discount rate, which reflects a market discount rate. Changes in fair value may occur as a result of a change in actual or projected cash payments, the probability weightings applied by the Company to projected payments or a change in the discount rate. Significant increases or decreases in any of these inputs in isolation could result in a lower, or higher, fair value measurement. There were no material valuation adjustments to contingent consideration as of September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022.

Financial Instruments—The Company’s financial instruments include debt and certain acquisition-related liabilities (deferred consideration and noncompete obligations). The carrying value and fair value of these financial instruments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was:

	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value
Level 1
Long-term debt(1)	$	1,434,238	$	1,501,492	$	1,447,673	$	1,504,549
Level 3
Current portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations(2)	6,889		6,889		13,382		13,382
Long term portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations(3)	18,337		18,337		24,070		24,070

(1)$3.8 million and $5.1 million was included in current portion of debt as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

(2)Included in current portion of acquisition-related liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Included in acquisition-related liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

The fair value of debt was determined based on observable, or Level 1, inputs, such as interest rates, bond yields and quoted prices in inactive markets. The fair values of the deferred consideration and noncompete obligations were determined based on unobservable, or Level 3, inputs, including the cash payment terms in the purchase agreements and a discount rate reflecting the Company’s credit risk. The discount rate used is generally consistent with that used when the obligations were initially recorded.

Securities with a maturity of three months or less are considered cash equivalents and the fair value of these assets approximates their carrying value.

XML

SEGMENT INFORMATION

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]

SEGMENT INFORMATION

SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company has three operating segments: West, East and Cement, which are its reporting segments. These segments are consistent with the Company’s management reporting structure.

The operating results of each segment are regularly reviewed and evaluated by the Chief Executive Officer, our Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”). The CODM primarily evaluates the performance of the Company’s segments and allocates resources to them based on a segment profit metric that we call Adjusted EBITDA, which is computed as earnings from operations before interest, taxes, depreciation, depletion, amortization, accretion and share-based compensation, as well as various other non-recurring, non-cash amounts.

The West and East segments have several subsidiaries that are engaged in various activities including quarry mining, aggregate production and contracting. The Cement segment is engaged in the production of Portland cement. Assets employed by each segment include assets directly identified with those operations. Corporate assets consist primarily of cash, property, plant and equipment for corporate operations and other assets not directly identifiable with a reportable business segment. The accounting policies applicable to each segment are consistent with those used in the consolidated financial statements.

The following tables display selected financial data for the Company’s reportable business segments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Revenue*:
West	$	496,638	$	439,411	$	1,178,258	$	1,075,393
East	176,840		193,421		493,766		525,064
Cement	121,319		119,915		287,311		259,791
Total revenue	$	794,797	$	752,747	$	1,959,335	$	1,860,248

*Intercompany sales are immaterial and the presentation above only reflects sales to external customers.

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Income from operations before taxes	$	256,633	$	112,480	$	326,164	$	319,650
Interest expense	28,013		21,980		83,335		62,728
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	56,691		51,439		160,921		148,373
Accretion	761		694		2,212		2,110
Loss on debt financings	—		—		493		—
Tax receivable agreement (benefit) expense	(153,080)		—		(153,080)		954
Gain on sale of businesses	—		(4,115)		—		(174,373)
Non-cash compensation	5,192		4,902		15,116		15,058
Argos USA acquisition and integration costs	17,859		—		17,859		—
Other	(3,550)		(2,492)		(11,555)		(2,315)
Total Adjusted EBITDA	$	208,519	$	184,888	$	441,465	$	372,185
Total Adjusted EBITDA by Segment:
West	$	117,846	$	98,281	$	255,041	$	215,617
East	50,089		44,119		116,558		98,949
Cement	50,355		46,597		103,237		84,019
Corporate and other	(9,771)		(4,109)		(33,371)		(26,400)
Total Adjusted EBITDA	$	208,519	$	184,888	$	441,465	$	372,185

	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
West	$	98,025	$	85,462
East	45,754		65,116
Cement	28,914		30,503
Total reportable segments	172,693		181,081
Corporate and other	9,489		7,927
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment	$	182,182	$	189,008

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion:
West	$	28,701	$	24,908	$	83,218	$	71,495
East	15,586		15,445		46,839		48,655
Cement	12,143		10,959		30,032		27,993
Total reportable segments	56,430		51,312		160,089		148,143
Corporate and other	1,022		821		3,044		2,340
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	$	57,452	$	52,133	$	163,133	$	150,483

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Total assets:
West	$	1,932,418	$	1,565,776
East	1,191,237		1,151,223
Cement	914,416		873,604
Total reportable segments	4,038,071		3,590,603
Corporate and other	326,893		665,089
Total	$	4,364,964	$	4,255,692

Summit Materials, LLC

Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]

SEGMENT INFORMATION

SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company has three operating segments: West, East and Cement, which are its reporting segments. These segments are consistent with the Company’s management reporting structure.

The operating results of each segment are regularly reviewed and evaluated by the Chief Executive Officer, our Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”). The CODM primarily evaluates the performance of the Company’s segments and allocates resources to them based on a segment profit metric that we call Adjusted EBITDA, which is computed as earnings from operations before interest, taxes, depreciation, depletion, amortization, accretion and share-based compensation, as well as various other non-recurring, non-cash amounts.

The West and East segments have several subsidiaries that are engaged in various activities including quarry mining, aggregate production and contracting. The Cement segment is engaged in the production of Portland cement. Assets employed by each segment include assets directly identified with those operations. Corporate assets consist primarily of cash, property, plant and equipment for corporate operations and other assets not directly identifiable with a reportable business segment. The accounting policies applicable to each segment are consistent with those used in the consolidated financial statements.

The following tables display selected financial data for the Company’s reportable business segments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Revenue*:
West	$	496,638	$	439,411	$	1,178,258	$	1,075,393
East	176,840		193,421		493,766		525,064
Cement	121,319		119,915		287,311		259,791
Total revenue	$	794,797	$	752,747	$	1,959,335	$	1,860,248

*Intercompany sales are immaterial and the presentation above only reflects sales to external customers.

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Income from operations before taxes	$	103,551	$	112,480	$	173,082	$	320,604
Interest expense	28,013		21,980		83,335		62,728
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	56,691		51,439		160,921		148,373
Accretion	761		694		2,212		2,110
Loss on debt financings	—		—		493		—
Gain on sale of businesses	—		(4,115)		—		(174,373)
Non-cash compensation	5,192		4,902		15,116		15,058
Argos USA acquisition and integration costs	17,859		—		17,859		—
Other	(3,548)		(2,492)		(11,553)		(2,315)
Total Adjusted EBITDA	$	208,519	$	184,888	$	441,465	$	372,185
Total Adjusted EBITDA by Segment:
West	$	117,846	$	98,281	$	255,041	$	215,617
East	50,089		44,119		116,558		98,949
Cement	50,355		46,597		103,237		84,019
Corporate and other	(9,771)		(4,109)		(33,371)		(26,400)
Total Adjusted EBITDA	$	208,519	$	184,888	$	441,465	$	372,185

	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
West	$	98,025	$	85,462
East	45,754		65,116
Cement	28,914		30,503
Total reportable segments	172,693		181,081
Corporate and other	9,489		7,927
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment	$	182,182	$	189,008

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion:
West	$	28,701	$	24,908	$	83,218	$	71,495
East	15,586		15,445		46,839		48,655
Cement	12,143		10,959		30,032		27,993
Total reportable segments	56,430		51,312		160,089		148,143
Corporate and other	1,022		821		3,044		2,340
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	$	57,452	$	52,133	$	163,133	$	150,483

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Total assets:
West	$	1,932,418	$	1,565,776
East	1,191,237		1,151,223
Cement	914,416		873,604
Total reportable segments	4,038,071		3,590,603
Corporate and other	332,987		529,103
Total	$	4,371,058	$	4,119,706

XML

GUARANTOR AND NON-GUARANTOR FINANCIAL INFORMATION

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Summit Materials, LLC

Guarantor and Non-Guarantor Financial Information

GUARANTOR AND NON-GUARANTOR FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Summit LLC’s domestic wholly-owned subsidiary companies other than Finance Corp. are named as guarantors (collectively, the “Guarantors”) of the Senior Notes. Finance Corp. does not and will not have any assets or operations other than as may be incidental to its activities as a co-issuer of the Senior Notes and other indebtedness. Certain other partially-owned subsidiaries and a non-U.S. entity do not guarantee the Senior Notes (collectively, the “Non-Guarantors”). The Guarantors provide a joint and several, full and unconditional guarantee of the Senior Notes.

There are no significant restrictions on Summit LLC’s ability to obtain funds from any of the Guarantors in the form of dividends or loans. Additionally, there are no significant restrictions on a Guarantor’s ability to obtain funds from Summit LLC or its direct or indirect subsidiaries.

The following condensed consolidating balance sheets, statements of operations and cash flows are provided for the Issuers, the Guarantors and the Non-Guarantors.

Earnings from subsidiaries are included in other income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations below. The financial information may not necessarily be indicative of the financial position, results of operations or cash flows had the Guarantors or Non-Guarantors operated as independent entities.

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets

September 30, 2023

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	169,370	$	3,556	$	33,135	$	(13,065)	$	192,996
Accounts receivable, net	2,232		341,351		32,478		(132)		375,929
Intercompany receivables	302,181		2,152,362		—		(2,454,543)		—
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings	—		39,746		1,239		—		40,985
Inventories	—		236,913		6,223		—		243,136
Other current assets	12,896		9,848		1,334		—		24,078
Total current assets	486,679		2,783,776		74,409		(2,467,740)		877,124
Property, plant and equipment, net	31,982		1,865,176		77,374		—		1,974,532
Goodwill	—		1,185,739		56,733		—		1,242,472
Intangible assets, net	—		64,486		4,328		—		68,814
Operating lease right-of-use assets	3,987		30,048		4,345		—		38,380
Other assets	5,301,038		220,772		774		(5,352,848)		169,736
Total assets	$	5,823,686	$	6,149,997	$	217,963	$	(7,820,588)	$	4,371,058
Liabilities and Members' Interest
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	$	3,822	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	3,822
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	—		7,028		—		—		7,028
Accounts payable	6,524		155,276		11,314		(132)		172,982
Accrued expenses	62,279		94,833		4,058		(13,065)		148,105
Current operating lease liabilities	910		7,276		559		—		8,745
Intercompany payables	1,942,556		509,873		2,114		(2,454,543)		—
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	—		7,480		1,059		—		8,539
Total current liabilities	2,016,091		781,766		19,104		(2,467,740)		349,221
Long-term debt	1,488,069		—		—		—		1,488,069
Acquisition-related liabilities	—		27,633		—		—		27,633
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	8,135		23,041		3,662		—		34,838
Other noncurrent liabilities	5,289		207,728		116,599		(164,421)		165,195
Total liabilities	3,517,584		1,040,168		139,365		(2,632,161)		2,064,956
Total members' interest	2,306,102		5,109,829		78,598		(5,188,427)		2,306,102
Total liabilities and members' interest	$	5,823,686	$	6,149,997	$	217,963	$	(7,820,588)	$	4,371,058

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets

December 31, 2022

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	498,307	$	2,864	$	26,298	$	(7,018)	$	520,451
Accounts receivable, net	1,528		233,039		22,127		(25)		256,669
Intercompany receivables	329,744		1,937,390		—		(2,267,134)		—
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings	—		5,861		649		—		6,510
Inventories	—		206,418		6,073		—		212,491
Other current assets	4,755		16,341		1,159		—		22,255
Total current assets	834,334		2,401,913		56,306		(2,274,177)		1,018,376
Property, plant and equipment, net	21,306		1,710,972		81,424		—		1,813,702
Goodwill	—		1,076,935		56,611		—		1,133,546
Intangible assets, net	—		66,972		4,412		—		71,384
Operating lease right-of-use assets	4,665		28,310		4,914		—		37,889
Other assets	4,599,488		204,644		1,220		(4,760,543)		44,809
Total assets	$	5,459,793	$	5,489,746	$	204,887	$	(7,034,720)	$	4,119,706
Liabilities and Members' Interest
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	$	5,096	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	5,096
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	—		13,718		—		—		13,718
Accounts payable	3,553		93,096		7,806		(25)		104,430
Accrued expenses	54,417		70,433		2,876		(7,018)		120,708
Current operating lease liabilities	921		5,637		738		—		7,296
Intercompany payables	1,750,352		513,494		3,288		(2,267,134)		—
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	—		4,956		783		—		5,739
Total current liabilities	1,814,339		701,334		15,491		(2,274,177)		256,987
Long-term debt	1,488,569		—		—		—		1,488,569
Acquisition-related liabilities	—		29,051		—		—		29,051
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	8,726		22,871		4,140		—		35,737
Other noncurrent liabilities	5,009		208,185		117,439		(164,421)		166,212
Total liabilities	3,316,643		961,441		137,070		(2,438,598)		1,976,556
Total members' interest	2,143,150		4,528,305		67,817		(4,596,122)		2,143,150
Total liabilities and members' interest	$	5,459,793	$	5,489,746	$	204,887	$	(7,034,720)	$	4,119,706

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations

For the three months ended September 30, 2023

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenue	$	—	$	759,491	$	36,792	$	(1,486)	$	794,797
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	—		519,059		25,586		(1,486)		543,159
General and administrative expenses	33,073		31,548		1,582		—		66,203
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	1,022		53,779		2,651		—		57,452
Operating (loss) income	(34,095)		155,105		6,973		—		127,983
Other income, net	(171,236)		(106)		(553)		168,314		(3,581)
Interest expense (income)	41,642		(15,002)		1,373		—		28,013
Income from operation before taxes	95,499		170,213		6,153		(168,314)		103,551
Income tax expense	399		6,407		1,645		—		8,451
Net income attributable to Summit LLC	$	95,100	$	163,806	$	4,508	$	(168,314)	$	95,100
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	$	91,290	$	163,806	$	8,318	$	(172,124)	$	91,290

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenue	$	—	$	1,863,825	$	99,354	$	(3,844)	$	1,959,335
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	—		1,324,138		69,305		(3,844)		1,389,599
General and administrative expenses	66,947		92,502		5,013		—		164,462
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	3,044		151,850		8,239		—		163,133
Operating (loss) income	(69,991)		295,335		16,797		—		242,141
Other income, net	(351,086)		(1,653)		(1,662)		340,125		(14,276)
Interest expense (income)	121,917		(42,695)		4,113		—		83,335
Income from operation before taxes	159,178		339,683		14,346		(340,125)		173,082
Income tax expense	1,199		10,043		3,861		—		15,103
Net income attributable to Summit LLC	$	157,979	$	329,640	$	10,485	$	(340,125)	$	157,979
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	$	158,274	$	329,640	$	10,190	$	(339,830)	$	158,274

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations

For the three months ended October 1, 2022

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenue	$	—	$	718,510	$	37,112	$	(2,875)	$	752,747
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	—		511,848		25,963		(2,875)		534,936
General and administrative expenses	9,138		27,717		1,761		—		38,616
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	822		48,442		2,869		—		52,133
Operating (loss) income	(9,960)		130,503		6,519		—		127,062
Other income, net	(147,353)		(399)		(106)		144,575		(3,283)
Interest expense (income)	35,536		(14,926)		1,370		—		21,980
(Gain) loss on sale of business	(5,120)		1,005		—		—		(4,115)
Income from operation before taxes	106,977		144,823		5,255		(144,575)		112,480
Income tax expense	1,644		4,119		1,384		—		7,147
Net income attributable to Summit LLC	$	105,333	$	140,704	$	3,871	$	(144,575)	$	105,333
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	$	95,086	$	140,704	$	14,118	$	(154,822)	$	95,086

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations

For the nine months ended October 1, 2022

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenue	$	—	$	1,770,642	$	97,972	$	(8,366)	$	1,860,248
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	—		1,310,495		70,392		(8,366)		1,372,521
General and administrative expenses	42,360		85,816		5,065		—		133,241
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	2,341		139,280		8,862		—		150,483
Operating (loss) income	(44,701)		235,051		13,653		—		204,003
Other income, net	(320,069)		(1,384)		(17)		316,514		(4,956)
Interest expense (income)	103,017		(44,399)		4,110		—		62,728
Gain on sale of business	(131,721)		(42,652)		—		—		(174,373)
Income from operation before taxes	304,072		323,486		9,560		(316,514)		320,604
Income tax expense	3,025		13,985		2,547		—		19,557
Net income attributable to Summit LLC	$	301,047	$	309,501	$	7,013	$	(316,514)	$	301,047
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	$	286,934	$	309,501	$	21,126	$	(330,627)	$	286,934

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	(124,375)	$	352,592	$	15,406	$	—	$	243,623
Cash flow from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	—		(239,508)		—		—		(239,508)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(9,490)		(168,843)		(3,849)		—		(182,182)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant, and equipment	—		9,265		495		—		9,760
Other	—		(3,602)		—		—		(3,602)
Net cash used in investing activities	(9,490)		(402,688)		(3,354)		—		(415,532)
Cash flow from financing activities:
Capital distributions to member	(240,992)		241,104		—		—		112
Loans received from and payments made on loans from other Summit Companies	181,538		(170,376)		(5,115)		(6,047)		—
Payments on long-term debt	(3,822)		(4,698)		—		—		(8,520)
Cash paid for tax receivable agreement interests	(122,935)		—		—		—		(122,935)
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	—		(12,203)		—		—		(12,203)
Debt issuance costs	(1,566)		—		—		—		(1,566)
Distributions from partnership	(4,538)		—		—		—		(4,538)
Other	(2,757)		(3,039)		(215)		—		(6,011)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(195,072)		50,788		(5,330)		(6,047)		(155,661)
Impact of cash on foreign currency	—		—		115		—		115
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(328,937)		692		6,837		(6,047)		(327,455)
Cash — Beginning of period	498,307		2,864		26,298		(7,018)		520,451
Cash — End of period	$	169,370	$	3,556	$	33,135	$	(13,065)	$	192,996

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows

For the nine months ended October 1, 2022

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	(109,265)	$	225,563	$	15,282	$	—	$	131,580
Cash flow from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	—		(1,933)		—		—		(1,933)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(7,927)		(177,028)		(4,053)		—		(189,008)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant, and equipment	—		8,033		265		—		8,298
Proceeds from the sale of a business	5,924		367,866		—		—		373,790
Other	—		(2,214)		—		—		(2,214)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(2,003)		194,724		(3,788)		—		188,933
Cash flow from financing activities:
Capital distributions to member	(102,713)		1,932		—		—		(100,781)
Loans received from and payments made on loans from other Summit Companies	402,030		(396,330)		(5,448)		(252)		—
Payments on long-term debt	(100,400)		(13,369)		—		—		(113,769)
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	—		(12,964)		—		—		(12,964)
Distributions from partnership	(34,155)		—		—		—		(34,155)
Other	(754)		(20)		—		—		(774)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	164,008		(420,751)		(5,448)		(252)		(262,443)
Impact of cash on foreign currency	—		—		(1,732)		—		(1,732)
Net increase (decrease) in cash	52,740		(464)		4,314		(252)		56,338
Cash — Beginning of period	365,044		2,264		18,337		(4,684)		380,961
Cash — End of period	$	417,784	$	1,800	$	22,651	$	(4,936)	$	437,299

XML

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss)	$ 230,045	$ 86,489	$ 282,878	$ 242,310

XML

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

XML

SUMMARY OF ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies And Recent Accounting Pronouncements [Line Items]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation—These unaudited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures typically included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company continues to follow the accounting policies set forth in those audited consolidated financial statements.

Management believes that these consolidated interim financial statements include all adjustments, normal and recurring in nature, that are necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2023, the results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022 and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022.

Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation—The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Summit Inc. and its majority owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

For a summary of the changes in Summit Inc.’s ownership of Summit Holdings, see Note 9, Stockholders’ Equity.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates—Preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities and reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of accounts receivable, inventories, valuation of deferred tax assets, goodwill, intangibles and other long-lived assets, tax receivable agreement ("TRA") liability, pension and other postretirement obligations and asset retirement obligations. Estimates also include revenue earned on contracts and costs to complete contracts. Most of the Company’s paving and related services are performed under fixed unit-price contracts with state and local governmental entities. Management regularly evaluates its estimates and assumptions based on historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results can differ significantly from estimates made. Changes in estimates, including those resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment, are reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements when the change in estimate occurs.

Business and Credit Concentrations

Business and Credit Concentrations—The Company’s operations are conducted primarily across 21 U.S. states and in British Columbia, Canada, with the most significant revenue generated in Texas, Utah, Kansas and Missouri. The Company’s accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts due from customers within these areas. Therefore, collection of these accounts is dependent on the economic conditions in the aforementioned states, as well as specific situations affecting individual customers. Credit granted within the Company’s trade areas has been granted to many customers, and management does not believe that a significant concentration of credit exists with respect to any individual customer or group of customers.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition—We earn revenue from the sale of products, which primarily include aggregates, cement, ready-mix concrete and asphalt, but also include concrete products and plastics components, and from the provision of services, which are primarily paving and related services, but also include landfill operations, the receipt and disposal of waste that is converted to fuel for use in our cement plants.

Products: Revenue for product sales is recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied, which generally is when the product is shipped. 

Services: We earn revenue from the provision of services, which are primarily paving and related services, which are typically calculated using monthly progress based on a method similar to percentage of completion or a customer’s engineer review of progress.

The majority of our construction service contracts are completed within one year, but may occasionally extend beyond this time frame. The majority of our construction service contracts are for work that occurs mostly during the spring, summer and fall. We generally measure progress toward completion on long-term paving and related services contracts based on the proportion of costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion.

Estimating costs to be incurred for revenue recognition involves the use of various estimating techniques to project costs at completion, and in some cases includes estimates of recoveries asserted against the customer for changes in specifications or other disputes.

Earnings per Share

Earnings per Share—The Company computes basic earnings per share attributable to stockholders by dividing income attributable to Summit Inc. by the weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution beyond shares for basic earnings per share that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised, converted into common stock, or resulted in the issuance of common stock that would have shared in the Company’s earnings. Since the Class B common stock has no economic value, those shares are not included in the weighted-average common share amount for basic or diluted earnings per share. In addition, as the shares of Class A common stock are issued by Summit Inc., the earnings and equity interests of noncontrolling interests are not included in basic earnings per share.

Leases

We lease construction and office equipment, distribution facilities and office space. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less, including month to month leases, are not recorded on the balance sheet. Lease expense for short-term leases is recognized on a straight line basis over the lease term. For lease agreements we have entered into or reassessed, we combine lease and nonlease components. While we also own mineral leases for mining operations, those leases are outside the scope of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-2, Leases (Topic 842). Assets acquired under finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment.Many of our leases include options to purchase the leased equipment. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

Summit Materials, LLC

Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies And Recent Accounting Pronouncements [Line Items]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation—These unaudited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures typically included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company continues to follow the accounting policies set forth in those audited consolidated financial statements.

Management believes that these consolidated interim financial statements include all adjustments, normal and recurring in nature, that are necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2023, the results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022 and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates—Preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities and reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of accounts receivable, inventories, valuation of deferred tax assets, goodwill, intangibles and other long-lived assets, tax receivable agreement ("TRA") asset, pension and other postretirement obligations and asset retirement obligations. Estimates also include revenue earned on contracts and costs to complete contracts. Most of the Company’s paving and related services are performed under fixed unit-price contracts with state and local governmental entities. Management regularly evaluates its estimates and assumptions based on historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results can differ significantly from estimates made. Changes in estimates, including those resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment, are reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements when the change in estimate occurs.

Business and Credit Concentrations

Business and Credit Concentrations—The Company’s operations are conducted primarily across 21 U.S. states and in British Columbia, Canada, with the most significant revenue generated in Texas, Utah, Kansas and Missouri. The Company’s accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts due from customers within these areas. Therefore, collection of these accounts is dependent on the economic conditions in the aforementioned states, as well as specific situations affecting individual customers. Credit granted within the Company’s trade areas has been granted to many customers, and management does not believe that a significant concentration of credit exists with respect to any individual customer or group of customers.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition—We earn revenue from the sale of products, which primarily include aggregates, cement, ready-mix concrete and asphalt, but also include concrete products and plastics components, and from the provision of services, which are primarily paving and related services, but also include landfill operations, the receipt and disposal of waste that is converted to fuel for use in our cement plants.

Products: Revenue for product sales is recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied, which generally is when the product is shipped.

Services: We earn revenue from the provision of services, which are primarily paving and related services, which are typically calculated using monthly progress based on a method similar to percentage of completion or a customer’s engineer review of progress.

The majority of our construction service contracts are completed within one year, but may occasionally extend beyond this time frame. The majority of our construction service contracts are for work that occurs mostly during the spring, summer and fall. We generally measure progress toward completion on long-term paving and related services contracts based on the proportion of costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion.

Estimating costs to be incurred for revenue recognition involves the use of various estimating techniques to project costs at completion, and in some cases includes estimates of recoveries asserted against the customer for changes in specifications or other disputes.

Leases

We lease construction and office equipment, distribution facilities and office space. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less, including month to month leases, are not recorded on the balance sheet. Lease expense for short-term leases is recognized on a straight line basis over the lease term. For lease agreements we have entered into or reassessed, we combine lease and nonlease components. While we also own mineral leases for mining operations, those leases are outside the scope of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-2, Leases (Topic 842). Assets acquired under finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment.Many of our leases include options to purchase the leased equipment. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

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ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSTIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Business Acquisition [Line Items]

Schedule Of Acquisitions By Region

The following table summarizes the Company’s acquisitions by region and period:

	Nine months ended	Year ended
	September 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
West	3	—
East	1	2

Schedule of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed

The following table summarizes aggregated information regarding the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the respective acquisition dates:

	Nine months ended		Year ended
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Financial assets	$	12,747	$	297
Inventories	6,694		161
Property, plant and equipment	124,051		30,041
Other assets	1,550		1,116
Financial liabilities	(11,973)		(1,120)
Other long-term liabilities	(768)		(1,589)
Net assets acquired	132,301		28,906
Goodwill	108,803		—
Purchase price	241,104		28,906
Acquisition-related liabilities	—		(6,176)
Other	(1,596)		—
Net cash paid for acquisitions	$	239,508	$	22,730

Schedule of Goodwill by Reportable Segment and in Total

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, by reportable segment, from December 31, 2022 to September 30, 2023 are summarized as follows:

	West		East		Cement		Total
Balance—December 31, 2022	$	566,389	$	361,501	$	204,656	$	1,132,546
Acquisitions (1)	108,803		—		—		108,803
Foreign currency translation adjustments	123		—		—		123
Balance—September 30, 2023	$	675,315	$	361,501	$	204,656	$	1,241,472

_______________________________________________________________________

(1) Reflects goodwill from 2023 acquisitions.

Schedule of Intangible Assets by Type and in Total

The following table shows intangible assets by type and in total:

	September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Gross  Carrying  Amount		Accumulated  Amortization		Net  Carrying  Amount		Gross  Carrying  Amount		Accumulated  Amortization		Net  Carrying  Amount
Operating permits	$	38,677	$	(5,291)	$	33,386	$	38,677	$	(4,109)	$	34,568
Mineral leases	17,778		(7,452)		10,326		18,091		(7,056)		11,035
Reserve rights	25,586		(4,814)		20,772		25,242		(3,872)		21,370
Other	4,888		(558)		4,330		4,877		(466)		4,411
Total intangible assets	$	86,929	$	(18,115)	$	68,814	$	86,887	$	(15,503)	$	71,384

Schedule of Estimated Amortization Expense for Intangible Assets

The estimated amortization expense for the intangible assets for each of the five years subsequent to September 30, 2023 is as follows:

2023 (three months)	$	1,001
2024	4,011
2025	3,969
2026	3,920
2027	3,908
2028	3,910
Thereafter	48,095
Total	$	68,814

Summit Materials, LLC

Business Acquisition [Line Items]

Schedule Of Acquisitions By Region

The following table summarizes the Company’s acquisitions by region and period:

	Nine months ended	Year ended
	September 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
West	3	—
East	1	2

Schedule of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed

The following table summarizes aggregated information regarding the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the respective acquisition dates:

	Nine months ended		Year ended
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Financial assets	$	12,747	$	297
Inventories	6,694		161
Property, plant and equipment	124,051		30,041
Other assets	1,550		1,116
Financial liabilities	(11,973)		(1,120)
Other long-term liabilities	(768)		(1,589)
Net assets acquired	132,301		28,906
Goodwill	108,803		—
Purchase price	241,104		28,906
Acquisition-related liabilities	—		(6,176)
Other	(1,596)		—
Net cash paid for acquisitions	$	239,508	$	22,730

Schedule of Goodwill by Reportable Segment and in Total

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, by reportable segment, from December 31, 2022 to September 30, 2023 are summarized as follows:

	West		East		Cement		Total
Balance—December 31, 2022	$	567,389	$	361,501	$	204,656	$	1,133,546
Acquisitions (1)	108,803		—		—		108,803
Foreign currency translation adjustments	123		—		—		123
Balance—September 30, 2023	$	676,315	$	361,501	$	204,656	$	1,242,472

_______________________________________________________________________

(1) Reflects goodwill from 2023 acquisitions.

Schedule of Intangible Assets by Type and in Total

The following table shows intangible assets by type and in total:

	September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Operating permits	$	38,677	$	(5,291)	$	33,386	$	38,677	$	(4,109)	$	34,568
Mineral leases	17,778		(7,452)		10,326		18,091		(7,056)		11,035
Reserve rights	25,586		(4,814)		20,772		25,242		(3,872)		21,370
Other	4,888		(558)		4,330		4,877		(466)		4,411
Total intangible assets	$	86,929	$	(18,115)	$	68,814	$	86,887	$	(15,503)	$	71,384

Schedule of Estimated Amortization Expense for Intangible Assets

The estimated amortization expense for the intangible assets for each of the five years subsequent to September 30, 2023 is as follows:

2023 (three months)	$	1,001
2024	4,011
2025	3,969
2026	3,920
2027	3,908
2028	3,910
Thereafter	48,095
Total	$	68,814

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REVENUE RECOGNITION (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]

Schedule of Revenue by Product

Revenue by product for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022 is as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Revenue by product*:
Aggregates	$	179,819	$	163,524	$	505,984	$	448,397
Cement	115,135		112,489		267,755		241,858
Ready-mix concrete	213,325		189,081		551,673		530,001
Asphalt	117,896		106,804		236,340		218,083
Paving and related services	110,370		120,327		226,928		249,547
Other	58,252		60,522		170,655		172,362
Total revenue	$	794,797	$	752,747	$	1,959,335	$	1,860,248

*Revenue from liquid asphalt terminals is included in asphalt revenue.

Schedule of Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: 

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Trade accounts receivable	$	305,436	$	215,766
Construction contract receivables	64,438		37,067
Retention receivables	13,165		11,048
Accounts receivable	383,039		263,881
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts	(7,110)		(7,212)
Accounts receivable, net	$	375,929	$	256,669

Summit Materials, LLC

Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]

Schedule of Revenue by Product

Revenue by product for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022 is as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Revenue by product*:
Aggregates	$	179,819	$	163,524	$	505,984	$	448,397
Cement	115,135		112,489		267,755		241,858
Ready-mix concrete	213,325		189,081		551,673		530,001
Asphalt	117,896		106,804		236,340		218,083
Paving and related services	110,370		120,327		226,928		249,547
Other	58,252		60,522		170,655		172,362
Total revenue	$	794,797	$	752,747	$	1,959,335	$	1,860,248

*Revenue from liquid asphalt terminals is included in asphalt revenue.

Schedule of Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Trade accounts receivable	$	305,436	$	215,766
Construction contract receivables	64,438		37,067
Retention receivables	13,165		11,048
Accounts receivable	383,039		263,881
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts	(7,110)		(7,212)
Accounts receivable, net	$	375,929	$	256,669

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INVENTORIES (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Inventory [Line Items]

Schedule of Components of Inventories

Inventories consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: 

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Aggregate stockpiles	$	165,071	$	148,347
Finished goods	43,316		33,622
Work in process	11,220		8,191
Raw materials	23,529		22,331
Total	$	243,136	$	212,491

Summit Materials, LLC

Inventory [Line Items]

Schedule of Components of Inventories

Inventories consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Aggregate stockpiles	$	165,071	$	148,347
Finished goods	43,316		33,622
Work in process	11,220		8,191
Raw materials	23,529		22,331
Total	$	243,136	$	212,491

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ACCRUED EXPENSES (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Schedule Of Accrued Expenses [Line Items]

Schedule of Components of Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Interest	$	10,677	$	24,625
Payroll and benefits	48,595		34,485
Finance lease obligations	3,399		6,959
Insurance	23,874		18,127
Current portion of TRA liability and non-income taxes	14,349		4,360
Deferred asset purchase payments	5,892		5,131
Professional fees	11,980		924
Other (1)	28,853		25,356
Total	$	147,619	$	119,967

(1)Consists primarily of current portion of asset retirement obligations and miscellaneous accruals.

Summit Materials, LLC

Schedule Of Accrued Expenses [Line Items]

Schedule of Components of Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Interest	$	10,677	$	24,625
Payroll and benefits	48,595		34,485
Finance lease obligations	3,399		6,959
Insurance	23,874		18,127
Non-income taxes	14,835		5,101
Deferred asset purchase payments	5,892		5,131
Professional fees	11,980		924
Other (1)	28,853		25,356
Total	$	148,105	$	120,708

_______________________________________________________________________

(1) Consists primarily of current portion of asset retirement obligations and miscellaneous accruals.

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DEBT (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Schedule of Debt

Debt consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: 

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Term Loan, due 2027:
$505.7 million and $509.6 million, net of $4.2 million and $5.0 million discount at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	$	501,492	$	504,549
61⁄2% Senior Notes, due 2027	300,000		300,000
51⁄4% Senior Notes, due 2029	700,000		700,000
Total	1,501,492		1,504,549
Current portion of long-term debt	3,822		5,096
Long-term debt	$	1,497,670	$	1,499,453

Schedule of Contractual Payments of Long-Term Debt

The contractual payments of long-term debt, including current maturities, for the five years subsequent to September 30, 2023, are as follows:

2023 (three months)	$	1,274
2024	3,822
2025	6,369
2026	5,096
2027	789,177
2028	—
Thereafter	700,000
Total	1,505,738
Less: Original issue net discount	(4,246)
Less: Capitalized loan costs	(9,601)
Total debt	$	1,491,891

Shedule of Activity for Deferred Financing Fees

The following table presents the activity for the deferred financing fees for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022:

	Deferred financing fees
Balance—December 31, 2022	$	11,489
Loan origination fees	1,566
Amortization	(1,838)
Write off of deferred financing fees	(160)
Balance—September 30, 2023	$	11,057
Balance—January 1, 2022	$	13,049
Amortization	(2,028)
Balance—October 1, 2022	$	11,021

Summit Materials, LLC

Debt Instrument [Line Items]

Schedule of Debt

Debt consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Term Loan, due 2027:
$505.7 million and $509.6 million, net of $4.2 million and $5.0 million discount at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	$	501,492	$	504,549
6 1/2% Senior Notes, due 2027	300,000		300,000
5 1/4% Senior Notes, due 2029	700,000		700,000
Total	1,501,492		1,504,549
Current portion of long-term debt	3,822		5,096
Long-term debt	$	1,497,670	$	1,499,453

Schedule of Contractual Payments of Long-Term Debt

The contractual payments of long-term debt, including current maturities, for the five years subsequent to September 30, 2023, are as follows:

2023 (three months)	$	1,274
2024	3,822
2025	6,369
2026	5,096
2027	789,177
2028	—
Thereafter	700,000
Total	1,505,738
Less: Original issue net discount	(4,246)
Less: Capitalized loan costs	(9,601)
Total debt	$	1,491,891

Shedule of Activity for Deferred Financing Fees

The following table presents the activity for the deferred financing fees for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022:

	Deferred financing fees
Balance—December 31, 2022	$	11,489
Loan origination fees	1,566
Amortization	(1,838)
Write off of deferred financing fees	(160)
Balance—September 30, 2023	$	11,057
Balance - January 1, 2022	$	13,049
Amortization	(2,028)
Balance -October 1, 2022	$	11,021

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INCOME TAXES (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule Of Changes In Tax Receivable Agreement Liability

Changes in the balance of the TRA liability, from December 31, 2022 to September 30, 2023 are summarized as follows:

	TRA Liability
Balance — December 31, 2022	$	328,356
LP unit exchanges during period	1,146
Purchase of TRA interests	(122,935)
TRA liability reduction	(153,080)
TRA liability payments	(544)
Total	52,943
Less current portion	800
Balance — September 30, 2023	$	52,143

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EARNINGS PER SHARE (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Basic Earnings Per Share

The following table shows the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Net income attributable to Summit Inc.	$	230,045	$	86,489	$	282,878	$	242,310
Weighted average shares of Class A stock outstanding	118,928,799		119,753,806		118,780,523		120,196,211
Add: Nonvested restricted stock awards of retirement eligible shares	84,532		142,466		94,444		148,804
Weighted average shares outstanding	119,013,331		119,896,272		118,874,967		120,345,015
Basic earnings per share	$	1.93	$	0.72	$	2.38	$	2.01
Diluted net income attributable to Summit Inc.	$	230,045	$	86,489	$	282,878	$	242,310
Weighted average shares outstanding	119,013,331		119,896,272		118,874,967		120,345,015
Add: stock options	122,753		78,799		108,024		93,993
Add: warrants	15,578		10,790		13,943		12,202
Add: restricted stock units	356,286		279,684		376,221		485,174
Add: performance stock units	217,745		117,767		185,819		141,766
Weighted average dilutive shares outstanding	119,725,693		120,383,312		119,558,974		121,078,150
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.92	$	0.72	$	2.37	$	2.00

Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share

Excluded from the above calculations were the shares noted below as they were antidilutive:

	Three months ended		Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023	October 1, 2022	September 30, 2023	October 1, 2022
Antidilutive shares:
LP Units	1,303,990	1,312,795	1,308,417	1,313,601

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY/MEMBERS' INTEREST (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Schedule of Capitalization, Equity [Line Items]

Schedule of Changes in Ownership of Summit Holdings

The following table summarizes the changes in our ownership of Summit Holdings:

	Summit Inc. Shares (Class A)	LP Units	Total	Summit Inc. Ownership Percentage
Balance — December 31, 2022	118,408,655	1,312,004	119,720,659	98.9	%
Exchanges during period	176,258	(176,258)	—
Stock option exercises	5,407	—	5,407
Other equity transactions	522,630	—	522,630
Balance — September 30, 2023	119,112,950	1,135,746	120,248,696	99.1	%
Balance — January 1, 2022	120,684,322	1,314,006	121,998,328	98.9	%
Exchanges during period	2,000	(2,000)	—
Stock option exercises	10,098	—	10,098
Repurchases of common stock	(3,427,510)	—	(3,427,510)
Other equity transactions	1,097,273	—	1,097,273
Balance — October 1, 2022	118,366,183	1,312,006	119,678,189	98.9	%

Schedule of Changes in Each Component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consisted of the following:

	Change in  retirement plans		Foreign currency  translation  adjustments		Accumulated  other  comprehensive  income (loss)
Balance — December 31, 2022	$	6,356	$	(3,272)	$	3,084
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax	—		212		212
Balance — September 30, 2023	$	6,356	$	(3,060)	$	3,296
Balance — January 1, 2022	$	1,508	$	5,575	$	7,083
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax	—		(10,553)		(10,553)
Balance — October 1, 2022	$	1,508	$	(4,978)	$	(3,470)

Summit Materials, LLC

Schedule of Capitalization, Equity [Line Items]

Schedule of Changes in Each Component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consisted of the following: 

					Accumulated
			Foreign currency		other
	Change in		translation		comprehensive
	retirement plans		adjustments		(loss) income
Balance — December 31, 2022	$	(762)	$	(20,614)	$	(21,376)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		295		295
Balance — September 30, 2023	$	(762)	$	(20,319)	$	(21,081)
Balance — January 1, 2022	$	(7,243)	$	(8,783)	$	(16,026)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		(14,113)		(14,113)
Balance — October 1, 2022	$	(7,243)	$	(22,896)	$	(30,139)

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SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Schedule Of Cash Flow Supplemental [Line Items]

Schedule of Supplemental Cash Flow Information

Supplemental cash flow information is as follows:

	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Cash payments:
Interest	$	88,400	$	70,184
Payments for income taxes, net	13,602		15,888
Operating cash payments on operating leases	7,578		7,112
Operating cash payments on finance leases	400		890
Finance cash payments on finance leases	6,137		13,465
Non cash investing and financing activities:
Accrued liabilities for purchases of property, plant and equipment	$	22,244	$	16,778
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	6,371		13,302
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for finance leases obligations	413		258
Exchange of LP Units to shares of Class A common stock	5,527		62

Summit Materials, LLC

Schedule Of Cash Flow Supplemental [Line Items]

Schedule of Supplemental Cash Flow Information

Supplemental cash flow information is as follows:

	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Cash payments:
Interest	$	88,400	$	70,184
Payments for income taxes, net	13,602		15,888
Operating cash payments on operating leases	7,578		7,112
Operating cash payments on finance leases	400		890
Finance cash payments on finance leases	6,137		13,465
Non cash investing and financing activities:
Accrued liabilities for purchases of property, plant and equipment	$	22,244	$	16,778
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	6,371		13,302
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for finance leases obligations	413		258

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LEASES (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]

Schedule of Lease Cost

The components of lease expense were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,903	$	2,398	$	8,241		$	7,181
Variable lease cost	39		70		103			225
Short-term lease cost	13,238		11,916		30,692			31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483		1,235		2,015			4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118		239		399			879
Total lease cost	$	16,781	$	15,858	$	41,450		$	43,980
					September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets					$	38,380		$	37,889
Current operating lease liabilities					$	8,745		$	7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities					34,838			35,737
Total operating lease liabilities					$	43,583		$	43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross					$	20,030		$	32,119
Less accumulated depreciation					(9,893)			(14,992)
Property and equipment, net					$	10,137		$	17,127
Current finance lease liabilities					$	3,399		$	6,959
Long-term finance lease liabilities					5,180			7,167
Total finance lease liabilities					$	8,579		$	14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases					8.4			9.1
Finance lease					3.4			2.8
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases					5.1		%	4.7		%
Finance leases					5.9		%	5.3		%
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:
					Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023 (three months)					$	2,739		$	1,283
2024					10,294			3,052
2025					8,165			2,435
2026					6,414			990
2027					4,760			760
2028					3,450			513
Thereafter					17,600			570
Total lease payments					53,422			9,603
Less imputed interest					(9,839)			(1,024)
Present value of lease payments					$	43,583		$	8,579

Schedule of Lease Assets and Liabilities

The components of lease expense were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,903	$	2,398	$	8,241		$	7,181
Variable lease cost	39		70		103			225
Short-term lease cost	13,238		11,916		30,692			31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483		1,235		2,015			4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118		239		399			879
Total lease cost	$	16,781	$	15,858	$	41,450		$	43,980
					September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets					$	38,380		$	37,889
Current operating lease liabilities					$	8,745		$	7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities					34,838			35,737
Total operating lease liabilities					$	43,583		$	43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross					$	20,030		$	32,119
Less accumulated depreciation					(9,893)			(14,992)
Property and equipment, net					$	10,137		$	17,127
Current finance lease liabilities					$	3,399		$	6,959
Long-term finance lease liabilities					5,180			7,167
Total finance lease liabilities					$	8,579		$	14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases					8.4			9.1
Finance lease					3.4			2.8
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases					5.1		%	4.7		%
Finance leases					5.9		%	5.3		%
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:
					Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023 (three months)					$	2,739		$	1,283
2024					10,294			3,052
2025					8,165			2,435
2026					6,414			990
2027					4,760			760
2028					3,450			513
Thereafter					17,600			570
Total lease payments					53,422			9,603
Less imputed interest					(9,839)			(1,024)
Present value of lease payments					$	43,583		$	8,579

Schedule of Finance Lease Liability Maturities

The components of lease expense were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,903	$	2,398	$	8,241		$	7,181
Variable lease cost	39		70		103			225
Short-term lease cost	13,238		11,916		30,692			31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483		1,235		2,015			4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118		239		399			879
Total lease cost	$	16,781	$	15,858	$	41,450		$	43,980
					September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets					$	38,380		$	37,889
Current operating lease liabilities					$	8,745		$	7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities					34,838			35,737
Total operating lease liabilities					$	43,583		$	43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross					$	20,030		$	32,119
Less accumulated depreciation					(9,893)			(14,992)
Property and equipment, net					$	10,137		$	17,127
Current finance lease liabilities					$	3,399		$	6,959
Long-term finance lease liabilities					5,180			7,167
Total finance lease liabilities					$	8,579		$	14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases					8.4			9.1
Finance lease					3.4			2.8
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases					5.1		%	4.7		%
Finance leases					5.9		%	5.3		%
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:
					Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023 (three months)					$	2,739		$	1,283
2024					10,294			3,052
2025					8,165			2,435
2026					6,414			990
2027					4,760			760
2028					3,450			513
Thereafter					17,600			570
Total lease payments					53,422			9,603
Less imputed interest					(9,839)			(1,024)
Present value of lease payments					$	43,583		$	8,579

Schedule of Operating Lease Liability Maturities

The components of lease expense were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,903	$	2,398	$	8,241		$	7,181
Variable lease cost	39		70		103			225
Short-term lease cost	13,238		11,916		30,692			31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483		1,235		2,015			4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118		239		399			879
Total lease cost	$	16,781	$	15,858	$	41,450		$	43,980
					September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets					$	38,380		$	37,889
Current operating lease liabilities					$	8,745		$	7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities					34,838			35,737
Total operating lease liabilities					$	43,583		$	43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross					$	20,030		$	32,119
Less accumulated depreciation					(9,893)			(14,992)
Property and equipment, net					$	10,137		$	17,127
Current finance lease liabilities					$	3,399		$	6,959
Long-term finance lease liabilities					5,180			7,167
Total finance lease liabilities					$	8,579		$	14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases					8.4			9.1
Finance lease					3.4			2.8
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases					5.1		%	4.7		%
Finance leases					5.9		%	5.3		%
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:
					Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023 (three months)					$	2,739		$	1,283
2024					10,294			3,052
2025					8,165			2,435
2026					6,414			990
2027					4,760			760
2028					3,450			513
Thereafter					17,600			570
Total lease payments					53,422			9,603
Less imputed interest					(9,839)			(1,024)
Present value of lease payments					$	43,583		$	8,579

Summit Materials, LLC

Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]

Schedule of Lease Cost

The components of lease expense were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,903	$	2,398	$	8,241		$	7,181
Variable lease cost	39		70		103			225
Short-term lease cost	13,238		11,916		30,692			31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483		1,235		2,015			4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118		239		399			879
Total lease cost	$	16,781	$	15,858	$	41,450		$	43,980
					September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets					$	38,380		$	37,889
Current operating lease liabilities					$	8,745		$	7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities					34,838			35,737
Total operating lease liabilities					$	43,583		$	43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross					$	20,030		$	32,119
Less accumulated depreciation					(9,893)			(14,992)
Property and equipment, net					$	10,137		$	17,127
Current finance lease liabilities					$	3,399		$	6,959
Long-term finance lease liabilities					5,180			7,167
Total finance lease liabilities					$	8,579		$	14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases					8.4			9.1
Finance lease					3.4			2.8
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases					5.1		%	4.7		%
Finance leases					5.9		%	5.3		%
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:
					Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023 (three months)					$	2,739		$	1,283
2024					10,294			3,052
2025					8,165			2,435
2026					6,414			990
2027					4,760			760
2028					3,450			513
Thereafter					17,600			570
Total lease payments					53,422			9,603
Less imputed interest					(9,839)			(1,024)
Present value of lease payments					$	43,583		$	8,579

Schedule of Lease Assets and Liabilities

The components of lease expense were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,903	$	2,398	$	8,241		$	7,181
Variable lease cost	39		70		103			225
Short-term lease cost	13,238		11,916		30,692			31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483		1,235		2,015			4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118		239		399			879
Total lease cost	$	16,781	$	15,858	$	41,450		$	43,980
					September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets					$	38,380		$	37,889
Current operating lease liabilities					$	8,745		$	7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities					34,838			35,737
Total operating lease liabilities					$	43,583		$	43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross					$	20,030		$	32,119
Less accumulated depreciation					(9,893)			(14,992)
Property and equipment, net					$	10,137		$	17,127
Current finance lease liabilities					$	3,399		$	6,959
Long-term finance lease liabilities					5,180			7,167
Total finance lease liabilities					$	8,579		$	14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases					8.4			9.1
Finance lease					3.4			2.8
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases					5.1		%	4.7		%
Finance leases					5.9		%	5.3		%
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:
					Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023 (three months)					$	2,739		$	1,283
2024					10,294			3,052
2025					8,165			2,435
2026					6,414			990
2027					4,760			760
2028					3,450			513
Thereafter					17,600			570
Total lease payments					53,422			9,603
Less imputed interest					(9,839)			(1,024)
Present value of lease payments					$	43,583		$	8,579

Schedule of Finance Lease Liability Maturities

The components of lease expense were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,903	$	2,398	$	8,241		$	7,181
Variable lease cost	39		70		103			225
Short-term lease cost	13,238		11,916		30,692			31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483		1,235		2,015			4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118		239		399			879
Total lease cost	$	16,781	$	15,858	$	41,450		$	43,980
					September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets					$	38,380		$	37,889
Current operating lease liabilities					$	8,745		$	7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities					34,838			35,737
Total operating lease liabilities					$	43,583		$	43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross					$	20,030		$	32,119
Less accumulated depreciation					(9,893)			(14,992)
Property and equipment, net					$	10,137		$	17,127
Current finance lease liabilities					$	3,399		$	6,959
Long-term finance lease liabilities					5,180			7,167
Total finance lease liabilities					$	8,579		$	14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases					8.4			9.1
Finance lease					3.4			2.8
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases					5.1		%	4.7		%
Finance leases					5.9		%	5.3		%
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:
					Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023 (three months)					$	2,739		$	1,283
2024					10,294			3,052
2025					8,165			2,435
2026					6,414			990
2027					4,760			760
2028					3,450			513
Thereafter					17,600			570
Total lease payments					53,422			9,603
Less imputed interest					(9,839)			(1,024)
Present value of lease payments					$	43,583		$	8,579

Schedule of Operating Lease Liability Maturities

The components of lease expense were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023			October 1, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	2,903	$	2,398	$	8,241		$	7,181
Variable lease cost	39		70		103			225
Short-term lease cost	13,238		11,916		30,692			31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483		1,235		2,015			4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118		239		399			879
Total lease cost	$	16,781	$	15,858	$	41,450		$	43,980
					September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets					$	38,380		$	37,889
Current operating lease liabilities					$	8,745		$	7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities					34,838			35,737
Total operating lease liabilities					$	43,583		$	43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross					$	20,030		$	32,119
Less accumulated depreciation					(9,893)			(14,992)
Property and equipment, net					$	10,137		$	17,127
Current finance lease liabilities					$	3,399		$	6,959
Long-term finance lease liabilities					5,180			7,167
Total finance lease liabilities					$	8,579		$	14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases					8.4			9.1
Finance lease					3.4			2.8
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases					5.1		%	4.7		%
Finance leases					5.9		%	5.3		%
Maturities of lease liabilities, as of September 30, 2023, were as follows:
					Operating Leases			Finance Leases
2023 (three months)					$	2,739		$	1,283
2024					10,294			3,052
2025					8,165			2,435
2026					6,414			990
2027					4,760			760
2028					3,450			513
Thereafter					17,600			570
Total lease payments					53,422			9,603
Less imputed interest					(9,839)			(1,024)
Present value of lease payments					$	43,583		$	8,579

XML

FAIR VALUE (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Schedule of Contingent Consideration and Derivatives Measured at Fair Value

The fair value of contingent consideration as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was:

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities and Accrued expenses:
Contingent consideration	$	139	$	336
Acquisition-related liabilities and Other noncurrent liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	9,296	$	4,981

Schedule of Carrying Value and Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying value and fair value of these financial instruments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was:

	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value
Level 1
Long-term debt(1)	$	1,434,238	$	1,501,492	$	1,447,673	$	1,504,549
Level 3
Current portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations(2)	6,889		6,889		13,382		13,382
Long term portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations(3)	18,337		18,337		24,070		24,070

(1)$3.8 million and $5.1 million was included in current portion of debt as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

(2)Included in current portion of acquisition-related liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Included in acquisition-related liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

Summit Materials, LLC

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Schedule of Contingent Consideration and Derivatives Measured at Fair Value

The fair value of contingent consideration as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was: 

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities and Accrued expenses:
Contingent consideration	$	139	$	336
Acquisition-related liabilities and Other noncurrent liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	9,296	$	4,981

Schedule of Carrying Value and Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying value and fair value of these financial instruments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was:

	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value
Level 1
Long-term debt(1)	$	1,434,238	$	1,501,492	$	1,447,673	$	1,504,549
Level 3
Current portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations(2)	6,889		6,889		13,382		13,382
Long term portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations(3)	18,337		18,337		24,070		24,070

(1)$3.8 million and $5.1 million was included in current portion of debt as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

(2)Included in current portion of acquisition-related liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Included in acquisition-related liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

XML

SEGMENT INFORMATION (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]

Schedule of Financial Data for Company's Reportable Business Segments

The following tables display selected financial data for the Company’s reportable business segments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Revenue*:
West	$	496,638	$	439,411	$	1,178,258	$	1,075,393
East	176,840		193,421		493,766		525,064
Cement	121,319		119,915		287,311		259,791
Total revenue	$	794,797	$	752,747	$	1,959,335	$	1,860,248

*Intercompany sales are immaterial and the presentation above only reflects sales to external customers.

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Income from operations before taxes	$	256,633	$	112,480	$	326,164	$	319,650
Interest expense	28,013		21,980		83,335		62,728
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	56,691		51,439		160,921		148,373
Accretion	761		694		2,212		2,110
Loss on debt financings	—		—		493		—
Tax receivable agreement (benefit) expense	(153,080)		—		(153,080)		954
Gain on sale of businesses	—		(4,115)		—		(174,373)
Non-cash compensation	5,192		4,902		15,116		15,058
Argos USA acquisition and integration costs	17,859		—		17,859		—
Other	(3,550)		(2,492)		(11,555)		(2,315)
Total Adjusted EBITDA	$	208,519	$	184,888	$	441,465	$	372,185
Total Adjusted EBITDA by Segment:
West	$	117,846	$	98,281	$	255,041	$	215,617
East	50,089		44,119		116,558		98,949
Cement	50,355		46,597		103,237		84,019
Corporate and other	(9,771)		(4,109)		(33,371)		(26,400)
Total Adjusted EBITDA	$	208,519	$	184,888	$	441,465	$	372,185

	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
West	$	98,025	$	85,462
East	45,754		65,116
Cement	28,914		30,503
Total reportable segments	172,693		181,081
Corporate and other	9,489		7,927
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment	$	182,182	$	189,008

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion:
West	$	28,701	$	24,908	$	83,218	$	71,495
East	15,586		15,445		46,839		48,655
Cement	12,143		10,959		30,032		27,993
Total reportable segments	56,430		51,312		160,089		148,143
Corporate and other	1,022		821		3,044		2,340
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	$	57,452	$	52,133	$	163,133	$	150,483

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Total assets:
West	$	1,932,418	$	1,565,776
East	1,191,237		1,151,223
Cement	914,416		873,604
Total reportable segments	4,038,071		3,590,603
Corporate and other	326,893		665,089
Total	$	4,364,964	$	4,255,692

Summit Materials, LLC

Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]

Schedule of Financial Data for Company's Reportable Business Segments

The following tables display selected financial data for the Company’s reportable business segments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and October 1, 2022:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Revenue*:
West	$	496,638	$	439,411	$	1,178,258	$	1,075,393
East	176,840		193,421		493,766		525,064
Cement	121,319		119,915		287,311		259,791
Total revenue	$	794,797	$	752,747	$	1,959,335	$	1,860,248

*Intercompany sales are immaterial and the presentation above only reflects sales to external customers.

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Income from operations before taxes	$	103,551	$	112,480	$	173,082	$	320,604
Interest expense	28,013		21,980		83,335		62,728
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	56,691		51,439		160,921		148,373
Accretion	761		694		2,212		2,110
Loss on debt financings	—		—		493		—
Gain on sale of businesses	—		(4,115)		—		(174,373)
Non-cash compensation	5,192		4,902		15,116		15,058
Argos USA acquisition and integration costs	17,859		—		17,859		—
Other	(3,548)		(2,492)		(11,553)		(2,315)
Total Adjusted EBITDA	$	208,519	$	184,888	$	441,465	$	372,185
Total Adjusted EBITDA by Segment:
West	$	117,846	$	98,281	$	255,041	$	215,617
East	50,089		44,119		116,558		98,949
Cement	50,355		46,597		103,237		84,019
Corporate and other	(9,771)		(4,109)		(33,371)		(26,400)
Total Adjusted EBITDA	$	208,519	$	184,888	$	441,465	$	372,185

	Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
West	$	98,025	$	85,462
East	45,754		65,116
Cement	28,914		30,503
Total reportable segments	172,693		181,081
Corporate and other	9,489		7,927
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment	$	182,182	$	189,008

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022		September 30, 2023		October 1, 2022
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion:
West	$	28,701	$	24,908	$	83,218	$	71,495
East	15,586		15,445		46,839		48,655
Cement	12,143		10,959		30,032		27,993
Total reportable segments	56,430		51,312		160,089		148,143
Corporate and other	1,022		821		3,044		2,340
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	$	57,452	$	52,133	$	163,133	$	150,483

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Total assets:
West	$	1,932,418	$	1,565,776
East	1,191,237		1,151,223
Cement	914,416		873,604
Total reportable segments	4,038,071		3,590,603
Corporate and other	332,987		529,103
Total	$	4,371,058	$	4,119,706

XML

GUARANTOR AND NON-GUARANTOR FINANCIAL INFORMATION (Tables) - Summit Materials, LLC

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Schedule of Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets

September 30, 2023

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	169,370	$	3,556	$	33,135	$	(13,065)	$	192,996
Accounts receivable, net	2,232		341,351		32,478		(132)		375,929
Intercompany receivables	302,181		2,152,362		—		(2,454,543)		—
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings	—		39,746		1,239		—		40,985
Inventories	—		236,913		6,223		—		243,136
Other current assets	12,896		9,848		1,334		—		24,078
Total current assets	486,679		2,783,776		74,409		(2,467,740)		877,124
Property, plant and equipment, net	31,982		1,865,176		77,374		—		1,974,532
Goodwill	—		1,185,739		56,733		—		1,242,472
Intangible assets, net	—		64,486		4,328		—		68,814
Operating lease right-of-use assets	3,987		30,048		4,345		—		38,380
Other assets	5,301,038		220,772		774		(5,352,848)		169,736
Total assets	$	5,823,686	$	6,149,997	$	217,963	$	(7,820,588)	$	4,371,058
Liabilities and Members' Interest
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	$	3,822	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	3,822
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	—		7,028		—		—		7,028
Accounts payable	6,524		155,276		11,314		(132)		172,982
Accrued expenses	62,279		94,833		4,058		(13,065)		148,105
Current operating lease liabilities	910		7,276		559		—		8,745
Intercompany payables	1,942,556		509,873		2,114		(2,454,543)		—
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	—		7,480		1,059		—		8,539
Total current liabilities	2,016,091		781,766		19,104		(2,467,740)		349,221
Long-term debt	1,488,069		—		—		—		1,488,069
Acquisition-related liabilities	—		27,633		—		—		27,633
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	8,135		23,041		3,662		—		34,838
Other noncurrent liabilities	5,289		207,728		116,599		(164,421)		165,195
Total liabilities	3,517,584		1,040,168		139,365		(2,632,161)		2,064,956
Total members' interest	2,306,102		5,109,829		78,598		(5,188,427)		2,306,102
Total liabilities and members' interest	$	5,823,686	$	6,149,997	$	217,963	$	(7,820,588)	$	4,371,058

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets

December 31, 2022

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	498,307	$	2,864	$	26,298	$	(7,018)	$	520,451
Accounts receivable, net	1,528		233,039		22,127		(25)		256,669
Intercompany receivables	329,744		1,937,390		—		(2,267,134)		—
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings	—		5,861		649		—		6,510
Inventories	—		206,418		6,073		—		212,491
Other current assets	4,755		16,341		1,159		—		22,255
Total current assets	834,334		2,401,913		56,306		(2,274,177)		1,018,376
Property, plant and equipment, net	21,306		1,710,972		81,424		—		1,813,702
Goodwill	—		1,076,935		56,611		—		1,133,546
Intangible assets, net	—		66,972		4,412		—		71,384
Operating lease right-of-use assets	4,665		28,310		4,914		—		37,889
Other assets	4,599,488		204,644		1,220		(4,760,543)		44,809
Total assets	$	5,459,793	$	5,489,746	$	204,887	$	(7,034,720)	$	4,119,706
Liabilities and Members' Interest
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	$	5,096	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	5,096
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	—		13,718		—		—		13,718
Accounts payable	3,553		93,096		7,806		(25)		104,430
Accrued expenses	54,417		70,433		2,876		(7,018)		120,708
Current operating lease liabilities	921		5,637		738		—		7,296
Intercompany payables	1,750,352		513,494		3,288		(2,267,134)		—
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	—		4,956		783		—		5,739
Total current liabilities	1,814,339		701,334		15,491		(2,274,177)		256,987
Long-term debt	1,488,569		—		—		—		1,488,569
Acquisition-related liabilities	—		29,051		—		—		29,051
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	8,726		22,871		4,140		—		35,737
Other noncurrent liabilities	5,009		208,185		117,439		(164,421)		166,212
Total liabilities	3,316,643		961,441		137,070		(2,438,598)		1,976,556
Total members' interest	2,143,150		4,528,305		67,817		(4,596,122)		2,143,150
Total liabilities and members' interest	$	5,459,793	$	5,489,746	$	204,887	$	(7,034,720)	$	4,119,706

Schedule of Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations

For the three months ended September 30, 2023

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenue	$	—	$	759,491	$	36,792	$	(1,486)	$	794,797
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	—		519,059		25,586		(1,486)		543,159
General and administrative expenses	33,073		31,548		1,582		—		66,203
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	1,022		53,779		2,651		—		57,452
Operating (loss) income	(34,095)		155,105		6,973		—		127,983
Other income, net	(171,236)		(106)		(553)		168,314		(3,581)
Interest expense (income)	41,642		(15,002)		1,373		—		28,013
Income from operation before taxes	95,499		170,213		6,153		(168,314)		103,551
Income tax expense	399		6,407		1,645		—		8,451
Net income attributable to Summit LLC	$	95,100	$	163,806	$	4,508	$	(168,314)	$	95,100
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	$	91,290	$	163,806	$	8,318	$	(172,124)	$	91,290

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenue	$	—	$	1,863,825	$	99,354	$	(3,844)	$	1,959,335
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	—		1,324,138		69,305		(3,844)		1,389,599
General and administrative expenses	66,947		92,502		5,013		—		164,462
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	3,044		151,850		8,239		—		163,133
Operating (loss) income	(69,991)		295,335		16,797		—		242,141
Other income, net	(351,086)		(1,653)		(1,662)		340,125		(14,276)
Interest expense (income)	121,917		(42,695)		4,113		—		83,335
Income from operation before taxes	159,178		339,683		14,346		(340,125)		173,082
Income tax expense	1,199		10,043		3,861		—		15,103
Net income attributable to Summit LLC	$	157,979	$	329,640	$	10,485	$	(340,125)	$	157,979
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	$	158,274	$	329,640	$	10,190	$	(339,830)	$	158,274

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations

For the three months ended October 1, 2022

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenue	$	—	$	718,510	$	37,112	$	(2,875)	$	752,747
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	—		511,848		25,963		(2,875)		534,936
General and administrative expenses	9,138		27,717		1,761		—		38,616
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	822		48,442		2,869		—		52,133
Operating (loss) income	(9,960)		130,503		6,519		—		127,062
Other income, net	(147,353)		(399)		(106)		144,575		(3,283)
Interest expense (income)	35,536		(14,926)		1,370		—		21,980
(Gain) loss on sale of business	(5,120)		1,005		—		—		(4,115)
Income from operation before taxes	106,977		144,823		5,255		(144,575)		112,480
Income tax expense	1,644		4,119		1,384		—		7,147
Net income attributable to Summit LLC	$	105,333	$	140,704	$	3,871	$	(144,575)	$	105,333
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	$	95,086	$	140,704	$	14,118	$	(154,822)	$	95,086

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations

For the nine months ended October 1, 2022

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenue	$	—	$	1,770,642	$	97,972	$	(8,366)	$	1,860,248
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	—		1,310,495		70,392		(8,366)		1,372,521
General and administrative expenses	42,360		85,816		5,065		—		133,241
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	2,341		139,280		8,862		—		150,483
Operating (loss) income	(44,701)		235,051		13,653		—		204,003
Other income, net	(320,069)		(1,384)		(17)		316,514		(4,956)
Interest expense (income)	103,017		(44,399)		4,110		—		62,728
Gain on sale of business	(131,721)		(42,652)		—		—		(174,373)
Income from operation before taxes	304,072		323,486		9,560		(316,514)		320,604
Income tax expense	3,025		13,985		2,547		—		19,557
Net income attributable to Summit LLC	$	301,047	$	309,501	$	7,013	$	(316,514)	$	301,047
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	$	286,934	$	309,501	$	21,126	$	(330,627)	$	286,934

Schedule of Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	(124,375)	$	352,592	$	15,406	$	—	$	243,623
Cash flow from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	—		(239,508)		—		—		(239,508)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(9,490)		(168,843)		(3,849)		—		(182,182)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant, and equipment	—		9,265		495		—		9,760
Other	—		(3,602)		—		—		(3,602)
Net cash used in investing activities	(9,490)		(402,688)		(3,354)		—		(415,532)
Cash flow from financing activities:
Capital distributions to member	(240,992)		241,104		—		—		112
Loans received from and payments made on loans from other Summit Companies	181,538		(170,376)		(5,115)		(6,047)		—
Payments on long-term debt	(3,822)		(4,698)		—		—		(8,520)
Cash paid for tax receivable agreement interests	(122,935)		—		—		—		(122,935)
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	—		(12,203)		—		—		(12,203)
Debt issuance costs	(1,566)		—		—		—		(1,566)
Distributions from partnership	(4,538)		—		—		—		(4,538)
Other	(2,757)		(3,039)		(215)		—		(6,011)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(195,072)		50,788		(5,330)		(6,047)		(155,661)
Impact of cash on foreign currency	—		—		115		—		115
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(328,937)		692		6,837		(6,047)		(327,455)
Cash — Beginning of period	498,307		2,864		26,298		(7,018)		520,451
Cash — End of period	$	169,370	$	3,556	$	33,135	$	(13,065)	$	192,996

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows

For the nine months ended October 1, 2022

					Non-
	Issuers		Guarantors		Guarantors		Eliminations		Consolidated
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	(109,265)	$	225,563	$	15,282	$	—	$	131,580
Cash flow from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	—		(1,933)		—		—		(1,933)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(7,927)		(177,028)		(4,053)		—		(189,008)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant, and equipment	—		8,033		265		—		8,298
Proceeds from the sale of a business	5,924		367,866		—		—		373,790
Other	—		(2,214)		—		—		(2,214)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(2,003)		194,724		(3,788)		—		188,933
Cash flow from financing activities:
Capital distributions to member	(102,713)		1,932		—		—		(100,781)
Loans received from and payments made on loans from other Summit Companies	402,030		(396,330)		(5,448)		(252)		—
Payments on long-term debt	(100,400)		(13,369)		—		—		(113,769)
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	—		(12,964)		—		—		(12,964)
Distributions from partnership	(34,155)		—		—		—		(34,155)
Other	(754)		(20)		—		—		(774)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	164,008		(420,751)		(5,448)		(252)		(262,443)
Impact of cash on foreign currency	—		—		(1,732)		—		(1,732)
Net increase (decrease) in cash	52,740		(464)		4,314		(252)		56,338
Cash — Beginning of period	365,044		2,264		18,337		(4,684)		380,961
Cash — End of period	$	417,784	$	1,800	$	22,651	$	(4,936)	$	437,299

XML

SUMMARY OF ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) state	Oct. 01, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) segment state cementPlant	Oct. 01, 2022 USD ($)
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies And Recent Accounting Pronouncements [Line Items]
Number of operating segments | segment			3
Number of reportable segments | segment			3
Number of states in which the entity operates | state	21		21
Transaction costs | $	$ 17,442	$ 727	$ 19,518	$ 2,637
Revision of Prior Period, Reclassification, Adjustment
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies And Recent Accounting Pronouncements [Line Items]
Transaction costs | $		700		2,600
Cement plant
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies And Recent Accounting Pronouncements [Line Items]
Number of plants | cementPlant			2
Summit Materials, LLC
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies And Recent Accounting Pronouncements [Line Items]
Number of operating segments | segment			3
Number of reportable segments | segment			3
Number of states in which the entity operates | state	21		21
Transaction costs | $	$ 17,442	727	$ 19,518	2,637
Summit Materials, LLC | Revision of Prior Period, Reclassification, Adjustment
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies And Recent Accounting Pronouncements [Line Items]
Transaction costs | $		$ 700		$ 2,600
Summit Materials, LLC | Cement plant
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies And Recent Accounting Pronouncements [Line Items]
Number of plants | cementPlant			2

XML

ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSTIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES - Acquisitions by Region (Details) - acquisition	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
West
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Number of businesses acquired	3	0
West | Summit Materials, LLC
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Number of businesses acquired	3	0
East
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Number of businesses acquired	1	2
East | Summit Materials, LLC
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Number of businesses acquired	1	2

XML

ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSTIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES - Summary of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 1,241,472	$ 1,132,546
Summit Materials, LLC
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill	1,242,472	1,133,546
Series of Individually Immaterial Business Acquisitions
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Financial assets	12,747	297
Inventories	6,694	161
Property, plant and equipment	124,051	30,041
Other assets	1,550	1,116
Financial liabilities	(11,973)	(1,120)
Other long-term liabilities	(768)	(1,589)
Net assets acquired	132,301	28,906
Goodwill	108,803	0
Purchase price	241,104	28,906
Acquisition-related liabilities	0	(6,176)
Other	(1,596)	0
Net cash paid for acquisitions	239,508	22,730
Series of Individually Immaterial Business Acquisitions | Summit Materials, LLC
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Financial assets	12,747	297
Inventories	6,694	161
Property, plant and equipment	124,051	30,041
Other assets	1,550	1,116
Financial liabilities	(11,973)	(1,120)
Other long-term liabilities	(768)	(1,589)
Net assets acquired	132,301	28,906
Goodwill	108,803	0
Purchase price	241,104	28,906
Acquisition-related liabilities	0	(6,176)
Other	(1,596)	0
Net cash paid for acquisitions	$ 239,508	$ 22,730

XML

ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSTIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES - Summary of Goodwill by Reportable Segments (Details) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance—December 31, 2022	$ 1,132,546
Acquisitions	108,803
Foreign currency translation adjustments	123
Balance—September 30, 2023	1,241,472
West
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance—December 31, 2022	566,389
Acquisitions	108,803
Foreign currency translation adjustments	123
Balance—September 30, 2023	675,315
East
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance—December 31, 2022	361,501
Acquisitions	0
Foreign currency translation adjustments	0
Balance—September 30, 2023	361,501
Cement
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance—December 31, 2022	204,656
Acquisitions	0
Foreign currency translation adjustments	0
Balance—September 30, 2023	204,656
Summit Materials, LLC
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance—December 31, 2022	1,133,546
Acquisitions	108,803
Foreign currency translation adjustments	123
Balance—September 30, 2023	1,242,472
Summit Materials, LLC | West
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance—December 31, 2022	567,389
Acquisitions	108,803
Foreign currency translation adjustments	123
Balance—September 30, 2023	676,315
Summit Materials, LLC | East
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance—December 31, 2022	361,501
Acquisitions	0
Foreign currency translation adjustments	0
Balance—September 30, 2023	361,501
Summit Materials, LLC | Cement
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance—December 31, 2022	204,656
Acquisitions	0
Foreign currency translation adjustments	0
Balance—September 30, 2023	$ 204,656

XML

ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSTIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES - Intangible Assets By Type (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Accumulated Amortization	$ (18,115)		$ (18,115)		$ (15,503)
Amortization expense	800	$ 800	2,600	$ 2,600
Intangible Assets Excluding Intangible Assets Held for Sale
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	86,929		86,929		86,887
Accumulated Amortization	(18,115)		(18,115)		(15,503)
Net Carrying Amount	68,814		68,814		71,384
Operating permits
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	38,677		38,677		38,677
Accumulated Amortization	(5,291)		(5,291)		(4,109)
Net Carrying Amount	33,386		33,386		34,568
Mineral leases
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	17,778		17,778		18,091
Accumulated Amortization	(7,452)		(7,452)		(7,056)
Net Carrying Amount	10,326		10,326		11,035
Reserve rights
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	25,586		25,586		25,242
Accumulated Amortization	(4,814)		(4,814)		(3,872)
Net Carrying Amount	20,772		20,772		21,370
Other
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	4,888		4,888		4,877
Accumulated Amortization	(558)		(558)		(466)
Net Carrying Amount	4,330		4,330		4,411
Summit Materials, LLC
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Accumulated Amortization	(18,115)		(18,115)		(15,503)
Amortization expense	800	$ 800	2,600	$ 2,600
Summit Materials, LLC | Intangible Assets Excluding Intangible Assets Held for Sale
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	86,929		86,929		86,887
Accumulated Amortization	(18,115)		(18,115)		(15,503)
Net Carrying Amount	68,814		68,814		71,384
Summit Materials, LLC | Operating permits
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	38,677		38,677		38,677
Accumulated Amortization	(5,291)		(5,291)		(4,109)
Net Carrying Amount	33,386		33,386		34,568
Summit Materials, LLC | Mineral leases
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	17,778		17,778		18,091
Accumulated Amortization	(7,452)		(7,452)		(7,056)
Net Carrying Amount	10,326		10,326		11,035
Summit Materials, LLC | Reserve rights
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	25,586		25,586		25,242
Accumulated Amortization	(4,814)		(4,814)		(3,872)
Net Carrying Amount	20,772		20,772		21,370
Summit Materials, LLC | Other
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	4,888		4,888		4,877
Accumulated Amortization	(558)		(558)		(466)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 4,330		$ 4,330		$ 4,411

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ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSTIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES - Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Estimated amortization expense
2023 (three months)	$ 1,001
2024	4,011
2025	3,969
2026	3,920
2027	3,908
2028	3,910
Thereafter	48,095
Total	68,814	$ 71,384
Summit Materials, LLC
Estimated amortization expense
2023 (three months)	1,001
2024	4,011
2025	3,969
2026	3,920
2027	3,908
2028	3,910
Thereafter	48,095
Total	$ 68,814	$ 71,384

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ACQUISITIONS, DISPOSTIONS, GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES - Narrative (Details) - Argos USA - Forecast shares in Millions, $ in Billions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 30, 2024 USD ($) cementPlant ready-mixPlant shares
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash and stock transaction value	$ 3.2
Number of integrated cement plants | cementPlant	4
Number of ready-mix plants | ready-mixPlant	140
Cementos Argos S.A.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Payments to acquire businesses, gross	$ 1.2
Business acquisition number of shares (in shares) | shares	54.7
Bridge Loan
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Revolving credit commitment	$ 1.3
Summit Materials, LLC
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash and stock transaction value	$ 3.2
Number of integrated cement plants | cementPlant	4
Number of ready-mix plants | ready-mixPlant	140
Summit Materials, LLC | Cementos Argos S.A.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Payments to acquire businesses, gross	$ 1.2
Business acquisition number of shares (in shares) | shares	54.7
Summit Materials, LLC | Bridge Loan
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Revolving credit commitment	$ 1.3

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REVENUE RECOGNITION - By Product (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 794,797	$ 752,747	$ 1,959,335	$ 1,860,248
Aggregates
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	179,819	163,524	505,984	448,397
Cement
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	115,135	112,489	267,755	241,858
Ready-mix concrete
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	213,325	189,081	551,673	530,001
Asphalt
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	117,896	106,804	236,340	218,083
Paving and related services
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	110,370	120,327	226,928	249,547
Other
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	58,252	60,522	170,655	172,362
Summit Materials, LLC
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	794,797	752,747	1,959,335	1,860,248
Summit Materials, LLC | Aggregates
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	179,819	163,524	505,984	448,397
Summit Materials, LLC | Cement
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	115,135	112,489	267,755	241,858
Summit Materials, LLC | Ready-mix concrete
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	213,325	189,081	551,673	530,001
Summit Materials, LLC | Asphalt
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	117,896	106,804	236,340	218,083
Summit Materials, LLC | Paving and related services
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	110,370	120,327	226,928	249,547
Summit Materials, LLC | Other
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 58,252	$ 60,522	$ 170,655	$ 172,362

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REVENUE RECOGNITION - Schedule of Accounts Receivable, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Trade accounts receivable	$ 305,436	$ 215,766
Construction contract receivables	64,438	37,067
Retention receivables	13,165	11,048
Accounts receivable	383,039	263,881
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts	(7,110)	(7,212)
Accounts receivable, net	$ 375,929	256,669
Maximum
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
General collection and billing period for retention receivables	1 year
Summit Materials, LLC
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Trade accounts receivable	$ 305,436	215,766
Construction contract receivables	64,438	37,067
Retention receivables	13,165	11,048
Accounts receivable	383,039	263,881
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts	(7,110)	(7,212)
Accounts receivable, net	$ 375,929	$ 256,669
Summit Materials, LLC | Maximum
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
General collection and billing period for retention receivables	1 year

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INVENTORIES (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Inventory [Line Items]
Aggregate stockpiles	$ 165,071	$ 148,347
Finished goods	43,316	33,622
Work in process	11,220	8,191
Raw materials	23,529	22,331
Total	243,136	212,491
Summit Materials, LLC
Inventory [Line Items]
Aggregate stockpiles	165,071	148,347
Finished goods	43,316	33,622
Work in process	11,220	8,191
Raw materials	23,529	22,331
Total	$ 243,136	$ 212,491

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ACCRUED EXPENSES (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Schedule Of Accrued Expenses [Line Items]
Interest	$ 10,677	$ 24,625
Payroll and benefits	48,595	34,485
Finance lease obligations	3,399	6,959
Insurance	23,874	18,127
Non-income taxes	14,349	4,360
Deferred asset purchase payments	5,892	5,131
Professional fees	11,980	924
Other	28,853	25,356
Total	147,619	119,967
Summit Materials, LLC
Schedule Of Accrued Expenses [Line Items]
Interest	10,677	24,625
Payroll and benefits	48,595	34,485
Finance lease obligations	3,399	6,959
Insurance	23,874	18,127
Non-income taxes	14,835	5,101
Deferred asset purchase payments	5,892	5,131
Professional fees	11,980	924
Other	28,853	25,356
Total	$ 148,105	$ 120,708

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DEBT - Schedule of Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt	$ 1,501,492	$ 1,504,549
Current portion of long-term debt	3,822	5,096
Long-term debt	1,497,670	1,499,453
Gross amount	1,505,738
Debt discount	4,246
Term Loan, due 2027
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt	501,492	504,549
Gross amount	505,700	509,600
Debt discount	4,200	5,000
Summit Materials, LLC
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt	1,501,492	1,504,549
Current portion of long-term debt	3,822	5,096
Long-term debt	1,497,670	1,499,453
Gross amount	1,505,738
Debt discount	4,246
Summit Materials, LLC | Term Loan, due 2027
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt	501,492	504,549
Gross amount	505,700	509,600
Debt discount	4,200	5,000
Senior Notes | 6 1/2% Senior Notes, due 2027
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt	$ 300,000	300,000
Debt instrument interest rate (as a percent)	6.50%
Senior Notes | 5 1/4% Senior Notes Due 2029
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt	$ 700,000	700,000
Debt instrument interest rate (as a percent)	5.25%
Senior Notes | Summit Materials, LLC | 6 1/2% Senior Notes, due 2027
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt	$ 300,000	300,000
Debt instrument interest rate (as a percent)	6.50%
Senior Notes | Summit Materials, LLC | 5 1/4% Senior Notes Due 2029
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt	$ 700,000	$ 700,000
Debt instrument interest rate (as a percent)	5.25%

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DEBT - Schedule of Contractual Payments of Long-Term Debt (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
2023 (three months)	$ 1,274
2024	3,822
2025	6,369
2026	5,096
2027	789,177
2028	0
Thereafter	700,000
Total	1,505,738
Less: Original issue net discount	(4,246)
Less: Capitalized loan costs	(9,601)
Total debt	1,491,891
Summit Materials, LLC
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
2023 (three months)	1,274
2024	3,822
2025	6,369
2026	5,096
2027	789,177
2028	0
Thereafter	700,000
Total	1,505,738
Less: Original issue net discount	(4,246)
Less: Capitalized loan costs	(9,601)
Total debt	$ 1,491,891

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DEBT - Senior Notes (Details) - USD ($)	Aug. 11, 2020	Mar. 15, 2019	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt			$ 1,501,492,000	$ 1,504,549,000
Issuers | 5 1/4% Senior Notes Due 2029
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt	$ 700,000,000
Senior notes, interest rate (as a percent)	5.25%
Proceeds from debt issuances	$ 690,400,000
Issuers | 6 1/2% Senior Notes, due 2027
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt		$ 300,000,000
Senior notes, interest rate (as a percent)		6.50%
Senior Notes | 5 1/4% Senior Notes Due 2029
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt			$ 700,000,000	700,000,000
Senior notes, interest rate (as a percent)			5.25%
Senior Notes | 6 1/2% Senior Notes, due 2027
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt			$ 300,000,000	$ 300,000,000
Senior notes, interest rate (as a percent)			6.50%
Senior Notes | Issuers | 5 1/4% Senior Notes Due 2029
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Percentage of par value of senior notes	100.00%
Senior Notes | Issuers | 6 1/2% Senior Notes, due 2027
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Percentage of par value of senior notes		100.00%
Proceeds net of related fees and expenses		$ 296,300,000

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DEBT - Senior Secured Credit Facilities (Details) - USD ($)			1 Months Ended	9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 10, 2023	Dec. 14, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Repayments of term loan				$ 8,520,000	$ 113,769,000
Summit Materials, LLC
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Repayments of term loan				8,520,000	$ 113,769,000
Term Loan, due 2024 | Summit Materials, LLC
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, face amount			$ 505,700,000	$ 505,700,000
Quarterly principal repayments percentage				0.25%
Effective interest rate			8.57%	8.57%
Revolving Credit Facility | Summit Materials, LLC
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 395,000,000		$ 395,000,000	$ 395,000,000
Amount outstanding			0	0		$ 0
Revolving Credit Facility | Summit Materials, LLC | Secured Overnight Financing Rate Adjustment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	0.10%
Revolving Credit Facility | Summit Materials, LLC | Secured Overnight Financing Rate Adjustment | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	0.00%
Term Loan, due 2027
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, face amount			$ 505,700,000	$ 505,700,000
Term Loan, due 2027 | Summit Materials, LLC
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, face amount		$ 509,600,000
Effective interest rate			8.57%	8.57%
Repayments of term loan						$ 95,600,000
Term Loan, due 2027 | Summit Materials, LLC | Base Rate or SOFR
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		2.00%
Term Loan, due 2027 | Summit Materials, LLC | Base Rate or SOFR | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		1.00%
Term Loan, due 2027 | Summit Materials, LLC | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		3.00%
Term Loan, due 2027 | Summit Materials, LLC | Secured Overnight Financing Rate Adjustment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		0.10%
Term Loan, due 2027 | Summit Materials, LLC | Secured Overnight Financing Rate Adjustment | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		0.00%
Senior Secured Credit Facilities | Summit Materials, LLC
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity			$ 395,000,000	$ 395,000,000
Quarterly principal repayments percentage				0.25%
Amount outstanding			20,900,000	$ 20,900,000
Remaining borrowing capacity			374,100,000	$ 374,100,000
First lien leverage ratio				4.75
Bridge Loan | Argos North America Corp
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Commitment amount			$ 1,300,000,000

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DEBT - Schedule of Activity for Deferred Financing Fees (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022
Deferred Finance Costs, Own-share Lending Arrangement, Issuance Costs, Accumulated Amortization [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 11,489	$ 13,049
Loan origination fees	1,566
Amortization	(1,838)	(2,028)
Write off of deferred financing fees	(160)
Ending balance	11,057	11,021
Summit Materials, LLC
Deferred Finance Costs, Own-share Lending Arrangement, Issuance Costs, Accumulated Amortization [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	11,489	13,049
Loan origination fees	1,566
Amortization	(1,838)	(2,028)
Write off of deferred financing fees	(160)
Ending balance	$ 11,057	$ 11,021

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DEBT - Other (Details) - CAD ($)	Jan. 15, 2015	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Canadian Subsidiary Credit Agreement, Operating Activities
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit commitment	$ 6,000,000
Canadian Subsidiary Credit Agreement, Capital Equipment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit commitment	500,000
Canadian Subsidiary Credit Agreement, Guarantees
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit commitment	1,500,000
Canadian Subsidiary Credit Agreement, Foreign Exchange Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit commitment	$ 10,000,000
Canadian Subsidiary Credit Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Amount outstanding		$ 0	$ 0
Prime rate | Canadian Subsidiary Credit Agreement, Operating Activities
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	0.20%
Prime rate | Canadian Subsidiary Credit Agreement, Capital Equipment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	0.20%
Summit Materials, LLC | Canadian Subsidiary Credit Agreement, Operating Activities
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit commitment	$ 6,000,000
Summit Materials, LLC | Canadian Subsidiary Credit Agreement, Capital Equipment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit commitment	500,000
Summit Materials, LLC | Canadian Subsidiary Credit Agreement, Guarantees
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit commitment	1,500,000
Summit Materials, LLC | Canadian Subsidiary Credit Agreement, Foreign Exchange Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit commitment	$ 10,000,000
Summit Materials, LLC | Canadian Subsidiary Credit Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Amount outstanding		$ 0	$ 0
Summit Materials, LLC | Prime rate | Canadian Subsidiary Credit Agreement, Operating Activities
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	0.20%
Summit Materials, LLC | Prime rate | Canadian Subsidiary Credit Agreement, Capital Equipment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	0.20%

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INCOME TAXES - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Nov. 02, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Dec. 31, 2015	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Income tax expense		$ 23,908,000	$ 24,829,000	$ 39,923,000	$ 74,033,000
Valuation allowance		1,113,000		1,113,000			$ 1,113,000
Income tax provision, interest or penalties recognized		0	0	0	0
Tax receivable agreement (benefit)		(153,080,000)	0	(153,080,000)	954,000
Distributions to LP unitholders				4,500,000	34,200,000
Summit Holdings LP
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Distributions to LP unitholders				$ 100,000	400,000
Summit Holdings LP | Tax Receivable Agreement
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Percentage of benefits to be paid on tax receivable agreement				85.00%		85.00%
Summit Materials, LLC
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Income tax expense		8,451,000	7,147,000	$ 15,103,000	19,557,000
Income tax provision, interest or penalties recognized		0	$ 0	0	$ 0
Current portion of tax receivable agreement interests		4,400,000		4,400,000			0
Tax receivable agreement interest, net of current portion		118,535,000		118,535,000			$ 0
Summit Materials, LLC | Tax Receivable Agreement
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Tax receivable agreement, rights and interests acquisition, consideration		122,900,000
Current portion of tax receivable agreement interests		4,400,000		4,400,000
Tax receivable agreement interest, net of current portion		$ 118,500,000		$ 118,500,000
Common Class A
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Exchanges during period (in shares)				176,258	2,000
Common Class A | Tax Receivable Agreement
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Exchanges during period (in shares)				176,258
Common Class A | Tax Receivable Agreement | Subsequent Event
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Exchanges during period (in shares)	345,554
Tax receivable agreement, liability reduction	$ 19,300,000
Common Class A | Summit Materials, LLC | Tax Receivable Agreement | Subsequent Event
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Tax receivable agreement, rights and interests acquisition, consideration	$ 9,500,000

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INCOME TAXES - TRA Liability (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended			9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Apr. 01, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023
Tax Receivable Agreement, Liability [Roll Forward]
Tax receivable agreement liability, beginning balance		$ 327,812		$ 327,812
LP unit exchanges during period	$ 0	0	$ 0
Total	52,143			52,143
Tax Receivable Agreement
Tax Receivable Agreement, Liability [Roll Forward]
Tax receivable agreement liability, beginning balance		$ 328,356		328,356
LP unit exchanges during period				1,146
Purchase of TRA interests				(122,935)
TRA liability reduction				(153,080)
TRA liability payments				(544)
Total	52,943			52,943
Less current portion	800			800
Tax receivable agreement liability, noncurrent	$ 52,143			$ 52,143

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EARNINGS PER SHARE (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022
Reconciliation of basic to diluted loss per share
Net income attributable to Summit Inc.	$ 230,045	$ 86,489	$ 282,878	$ 242,310
Diluted net income attributable to Summit Inc.	$ 230,045	$ 86,489	$ 282,878	$ 242,310
LP Units
Reconciliation of basic to diluted loss per share
Anti dilutive shares excluded from calculation of earnings per share (in shares)	1,303,990	1,312,795	1,308,417	1,313,601
Common Class A And Restricted Stock
Reconciliation of basic to diluted loss per share
Weighted average shares of Class A stock outstanding (in shares)	119,013,331	119,896,272	118,874,967	120,345,015
Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	119,013,331	119,896,272	118,874,967	120,345,015
Basic earning per share (in usd per share)	$ 1.93	$ 0.72	$ 2.38	$ 2.01
Common Class A
Reconciliation of basic to diluted loss per share
Weighted average shares of Class A stock outstanding (in shares)	118,928,799	119,753,806	118,780,523	120,196,211
Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	118,928,799	119,753,806	118,780,523	120,196,211
Basic earning per share (in usd per share)	$ 1.93	$ 0.72	$ 2.38	$ 2.01
Add: warrants (in shares)	15,578	10,790	13,943	12,202
Weighted average dilutive shares outstanding (in shares)	119,725,693	120,383,312	119,558,974	121,078,150
Diluted earning per share (in usd per share)	$ 1.92	$ 0.72	$ 2.37	$ 2.00
Common Class A | Add: stock options
Reconciliation of basic to diluted loss per share
Add: share-based payment arrangements (in shares)	122,753	78,799	108,024	93,993
Common Class A | Add: restricted stock units
Reconciliation of basic to diluted loss per share
Add: share-based payment arrangements (in shares)	356,286	279,684	376,221	485,174
Common Class A | Add: performance stock units
Reconciliation of basic to diluted loss per share
Add: share-based payment arrangements (in shares)	217,745	117,767	185,819	141,766
Restricted Stock
Reconciliation of basic to diluted loss per share
Add: Nonvested restricted stock awards of retirement eligible shares (in shares)	84,532	142,466	94,444	148,804

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY/MEMBERS' INTEREST - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Nov. 02, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022
Summit Holdings LP
Schedule of Capitalization, Equity [Line Items]
Noncontrolling interest elimination (as a percent)		0.90%		1.10%
Common Class A
Schedule of Capitalization, Equity [Line Items]
LP Unit exchanges (in shares)		176,258	2,000
Share repurchase program, authorized amount					$ 250,000,000
Remaining authorized repurchase amount		$ 149,000,000
Common Class A | Tax Receivable Agreement
Schedule of Capitalization, Equity [Line Items]
LP Unit exchanges (in shares)		176,258
Common Class A | Subsequent Event | Tax Receivable Agreement
Schedule of Capitalization, Equity [Line Items]
LP Unit exchanges (in shares)	345,554

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY/MEMBERS' INTEREST - Equity Offerings (Details) - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Jan. 01, 2022
Common Class A
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance (in shares)	118,408,655	120,684,322
Exchanges during period (in shares)	176,258	2,000
Stock option exercises (in shares)	5,407	10,098
Repurchases of common stock, (in shares)		(3,427,510)
Other equity transactions (in shares)	522,630	1,097,273
Ending balance (in shares)	119,112,950	118,366,183
Summit Materials, Inc. and Summit Holdings, LP
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance (in shares)	119,720,659	121,998,328
Exchanges during period (in shares)	0	0
Stock option exercises (in shares)	5,407	10,098
Repurchases of common stock, (in shares)		(3,427,510)
Other equity transactions (in shares)	522,630	1,097,273
Ending balance (in shares)	120,248,696	119,678,189
LP Units | Summit Holdings LP
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Number of LP Units outstanding, beginning balance (in shares)	1,312,004	1,314,006
Number of LP Units exchanged (in shares)	(176,258)	(2,000)
Number of LP Units outstanding, ending balance (in shares)	1,135,746	1,312,006
Summit Materials Inc
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Ownership percentage	99.10%	98.90%	98.90%	98.90%

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY/MEMBERS' INTEREST - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022
Changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss
Beginning balance	$ 2,011,990	$ 1,823,212
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax	212	(10,553)
Ending balance	2,307,733	1,971,224
Summit Materials, LLC
Changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss
Beginning balance	2,143,150	1,884,944
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax	295	(14,113)
Ending balance	2,306,102	2,051,226
Change in retirement plans
Changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss
Beginning balance	6,356	1,508
Ending balance	6,356	1,508
Change in retirement plans | Summit Materials, LLC
Changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss
Beginning balance	(762)	(7,243)
Ending balance	(762)	(7,243)
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss
Beginning balance	(3,272)	5,575
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax	212	(10,553)
Ending balance	(3,060)	(4,978)
Foreign currency translation adjustments | Summit Materials, LLC
Changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss
Beginning balance	(20,614)	(8,783)
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax	295	(14,113)
Ending balance	(20,319)	(22,896)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss
Beginning balance	3,084	7,083
Ending balance	3,296	(3,470)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | Summit Materials, LLC
Changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss
Beginning balance	(21,376)	(16,026)
Ending balance	$ (21,081)	$ (30,139)

XML

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022
Cash payments:
Interest	$ 88,400	$ 70,184
Payments for income taxes, net	13,602	15,888
Operating cash payments on operating leases	7,578	7,112
Operating cash payments on finance leases	400	890
Finance cash payments on finance leases	6,137	13,465
Non cash investing and financing activities:
Accrued liabilities for purchases of property, plant and equipment	22,244	16,778
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	6,371	13,302
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for finance leases obligations	413	258
Exchange of LP Units to shares of Class A common stock	5,527	62
Summit Materials, LLC
Cash payments:
Interest	88,400	70,184
Payments for income taxes, net	13,602	15,888
Operating cash payments on operating leases	7,578	7,112
Operating cash payments on finance leases	400	890
Finance cash payments on finance leases	6,137	13,465
Non cash investing and financing activities:
Accrued liabilities for purchases of property, plant and equipment	22,244	16,778
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	6,371	13,302
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for finance leases obligations	$ 413	$ 258

XML

LEASES (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Lease, Cost [Abstract]
Operating lease cost	$ 2,903	$ 2,398	$ 8,241	$ 7,181
Variable lease cost	39	70	103	225
Short-term lease cost	13,238	11,916	30,692	31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483	1,235	2,015	4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118	239	399	879
Total lease cost	16,781	15,858	41,450	43,980
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets	38,380		38,380		$ 37,889
Current operating lease liabilities	8,745		8,745		7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	34,838		34,838		35,737
Total operating lease liabilities	43,583		43,583		43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross	20,030		20,030		32,119
Less accumulated depreciation	$ (9,893)		$ (9,893)		$ (14,992)
Finance lease, right-of-use asset, statement of financial position [Extensible List]	Property, plant and equipment, net		Property, plant and equipment, net		Property, plant and equipment, net
Property and equipment, net	$ 10,137		$ 10,137		$ 17,127
Finance lease, liability, current, statement of financial position [Extensible Enumeration]	Accrued expenses		Accrued expenses		Accrued expenses
Current finance lease liabilities	$ 3,399		$ 3,399		$ 6,959
Finance lease, liability, noncurrent, statement of financial position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other noncurrent liabilities		Other noncurrent liabilities		Other noncurrent liabilities
Long-term finance lease liabilities	$ 5,180		$ 5,180		$ 7,167
Total finance lease liabilities	$ 8,579		$ 8,579		$ 14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases	8 years 4 months 24 days		8 years 4 months 24 days		9 years 1 month 6 days
Finance lease	3 years 4 months 24 days		3 years 4 months 24 days		2 years 9 months 18 days
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases	5.10%		5.10%		4.70%
Finance leases	5.90%		5.90%		5.30%
Operating Leases
2023 (three months)	$ 2,739		$ 2,739
2024	10,294		10,294
2025	8,165		8,165
2026	6,414		6,414
2027	4,760		4,760
2028	3,450		3,450
Thereafter	17,600		17,600
Total lease payments	53,422		53,422
Less imputed interest	(9,839)		(9,839)
Present value of lease payments	43,583		43,583		$ 43,033
Finance Leases
2023 (three months)	1,283		1,283
2024	3,052		3,052
2025	2,435		2,435
2026	990		990
2027	760		760
2028	513		513
Thereafter	570		570
Total lease payments	9,603		9,603
Less imputed interest	(1,024)		(1,024)
Present value of lease payments	8,579		8,579		14,126
Summit Materials, LLC
Lease, Cost [Abstract]
Operating lease cost	2,903	2,398	8,241	7,181
Variable lease cost	39	70	103	225
Short-term lease cost	13,238	11,916	30,692	31,097
Financing lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	483	1,235	2,015	4,598
Interest on lease liabilities	118	239	399	879
Total lease cost	16,781	$ 15,858	41,450	$ 43,980
Operating leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets	38,380		38,380		37,889
Current operating lease liabilities	8,745		8,745		7,296
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	34,838		34,838		35,737
Total operating lease liabilities	43,583		43,583		43,033
Finance leases:
Property and equipment, gross	20,030		20,030		32,119
Less accumulated depreciation	$ (9,893)		$ (9,893)		$ (14,992)
Finance lease, right-of-use asset, statement of financial position [Extensible List]	Property, plant and equipment, net		Property, plant and equipment, net		Property, plant and equipment, net
Property and equipment, net	$ 10,137		$ 10,137		$ 17,127
Finance lease, liability, current, statement of financial position [Extensible Enumeration]	Accrued expenses		Accrued expenses		Accrued expenses
Current finance lease liabilities	$ 3,399		$ 3,399		$ 6,959
Finance lease, liability, noncurrent, statement of financial position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other noncurrent liabilities		Other noncurrent liabilities		Other noncurrent liabilities
Long-term finance lease liabilities	$ 5,180		$ 5,180		$ 7,167
Total finance lease liabilities	$ 8,579		$ 8,579		$ 14,126
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases	8 years 4 months 24 days		8 years 4 months 24 days		9 years 1 month 6 days
Finance lease	3 years 4 months 24 days		3 years 4 months 24 days		2 years 9 months 18 days
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases	5.10%		5.10%		4.70%
Finance leases	5.90%		5.90%		5.30%
Operating Leases
2023 (three months)	$ 2,739		$ 2,739
2024	10,294		10,294
2025	8,165		8,165
2026	6,414		6,414
2027	4,760		4,760
2028	3,450		3,450
Thereafter	17,600		17,600
Total lease payments	53,422		53,422
Less imputed interest	(9,839)		(9,839)
Present value of lease payments	43,583		43,583		$ 43,033
Finance Leases
2023 (three months)	1,283		1,283
2024	3,052		3,052
2025	2,435		2,435
2026	990		990
2027	760		760
2028	513		513
Thereafter	570		570
Total lease payments	9,603		9,603
Less imputed interest	(1,024)		(1,024)
Present value of lease payments	$ 8,579		$ 8,579		$ 14,126

XML

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Anticipated costs	$ 123.1	$ 124.9
Term of purchase commitments	1 year
Site Restoration Obligations | Other noncurrent liabilities
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Site restoration obligation, non-current	$ 36.3	36.3
Site Restoration Obligations | Accrued expenses.
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Site restoration obligation, current	$ 5.3	4.0
Summit Materials, LLC
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Term of purchase commitments	1 year
Summit Materials, LLC | Site Restoration Obligations
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Anticipated costs	$ 123.1	124.9
Summit Materials, LLC | Site Restoration Obligations | Other noncurrent liabilities
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Site restoration obligation, non-current	36.3	36.3
Summit Materials, LLC | Site Restoration Obligations | Accrued expenses.
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Site restoration obligation, current	$ 5.3	$ 4.0

XML

FAIR VALUE - Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Level 3	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Oct. 01, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities and accrued expenses - contingent consideration	$ 139,000		$ 336,000
Acquisition-related liabilities and Other noncurrent liabilities - Contingent consideration	9,296,000		4,981,000
Adjustment to contingent consideration	0	$ 0
Summit Materials, LLC
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities and accrued expenses - contingent consideration	139,000		336,000
Acquisition-related liabilities and Other noncurrent liabilities - Contingent consideration	9,296,000		$ 4,981,000
Adjustment to contingent consideration	$ 0	$ 0
Discount Rate
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration fair value measurement input	0.100
Discount Rate | Summit Materials, LLC
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration fair value measurement input	0.100

XML

FAIR VALUE - Carrying Value and Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Financial Instruments
Current portion of long-term debt	$ 3,822	$ 5,096
Summit Materials, LLC
Financial Instruments
Current portion of long-term debt	3,822	5,096
Level 1 | Fair Value
Financial Instruments
Long-term debt	1,434,238	1,447,673
Level 1 | Carrying Value
Financial Instruments
Long-term debt	1,501,492	1,504,549
Level 1 | Summit Materials, LLC
Financial Instruments
Current portion of long-term debt	3,800	5,100
Level 1 | Summit Materials, LLC | Fair Value
Financial Instruments
Long-term debt	1,434,238	1,447,673
Level 1 | Summit Materials, LLC | Carrying Value
Financial Instruments
Long-term debt	1,501,492	1,504,549
Level 3 | Fair Value
Financial Instruments
Current portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations	6,889	13,382
Long term portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations	18,337	24,070
Level 3 | Carrying Value
Financial Instruments
Current portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations	6,889	13,382
Long term portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations	18,337	24,070
Level 3 | Summit Materials, LLC | Fair Value
Financial Instruments
Current portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations	6,889	13,382
Long term portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations	18,337	24,070
Level 3 | Summit Materials, LLC | Carrying Value
Financial Instruments
Current portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations	6,889	13,382
Long term portion of deferred consideration and noncompete obligations	18,337	24,070
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 | Fair Value
Financial Instruments
Current portion of long-term debt	$ 3,800	$ 5,100

XML

SEGMENT INFORMATION (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Oct. 01, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) segment	Oct. 01, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of operating segments | segment			3
Number of reportable segments | segment			3
Total revenue	$ 794,797	$ 752,747	$ 1,959,335	$ 1,860,248
Income from operations before taxes	256,633	112,480	326,164	319,650
Interest expense	28,013	21,980	83,335	62,728
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	56,691	51,439	160,921	148,373
Accretion	761	694	2,212	2,110
Loss on debt financings	0	0	493	0
Tax receivable agreement (benefit) expense	(153,080)	0	(153,080)	954
Gain on sale of businesses	0	(4,115)	0	(174,373)
Non-cash compensation	5,192	4,902	15,116	15,058
Argos USA acquisition and integration costs	17,859	0	17,859	0
Other	(3,550)	(2,492)	(11,555)	(2,315)
Total Adjusted EBITDA	208,519	184,888	441,465	372,185
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment			182,182	189,008
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	57,452	52,133	163,133	150,483
Total assets	4,364,964		4,364,964		$ 4,255,692
Operating segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment			172,693	181,081
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	56,430	51,312	160,089	148,143
Total assets	4,038,071		4,038,071		3,590,603
Corporate and other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Adjusted EBITDA	(9,771)	(4,109)	(33,371)	(26,400)
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment			9,489	7,927
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	1,022	821	3,044	2,340
Total assets	326,893		326,893		665,089
West
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	496,638	439,411	1,178,258	1,075,393
West | Operating segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Adjusted EBITDA	117,846	98,281	255,041	215,617
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment			98,025	85,462
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	28,701	24,908	83,218	71,495
Total assets	1,932,418		1,932,418		1,565,776
East
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	176,840	193,421	493,766	525,064
East | Operating segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Adjusted EBITDA	50,089	44,119	116,558	98,949
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment			45,754	65,116
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	15,586	15,445	46,839	48,655
Total assets	1,191,237		1,191,237		1,151,223
Cement
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	121,319	119,915	287,311	259,791
Cement | Operating segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Adjusted EBITDA	50,355	46,597	103,237	84,019
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment			28,914	30,503
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	12,143	10,959	30,032	27,993
Total assets	914,416		$ 914,416		873,604
Summit Materials, LLC
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of operating segments | segment			3
Number of reportable segments | segment			3
Total revenue	794,797	752,747	$ 1,959,335	1,860,248
Income from operations before taxes	103,551	112,480	173,082	320,604
Interest expense	28,013	21,980	83,335	62,728
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	56,691	51,439	160,921	148,373
Accretion	761	694	2,212	2,110
Loss on debt financings	0	0	493	0
Gain on sale of businesses	0	(4,115)	0	(174,373)
Non-cash compensation	5,192	4,902	15,116	15,058
Argos USA acquisition and integration costs	17,859	0	17,859	0
Other	(3,548)	(2,492)	(11,553)	(2,315)
Total Adjusted EBITDA	208,519	184,888	441,465	372,185
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment			182,182	189,008
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	57,452	52,133	163,133	150,483
Total assets	4,371,058		4,371,058		4,119,706
Summit Materials, LLC | Operating segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment			172,693	181,081
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	56,430	51,312	160,089	148,143
Total assets	4,038,071		4,038,071		3,590,603
Summit Materials, LLC | Corporate and other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Adjusted EBITDA	(9,771)	(4,109)	(33,371)	(26,400)
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment			9,489	7,927
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	1,022	821	3,044	2,340
Total assets	332,987		332,987		529,103
Summit Materials, LLC | West
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	496,638	439,411	1,178,258	1,075,393
Summit Materials, LLC | West | Operating segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Adjusted EBITDA	117,846	98,281	255,041	215,617
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment			98,025	85,462
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	28,701	24,908	83,218	71,495
Total assets	1,932,418		1,932,418		1,565,776
Summit Materials, LLC | East
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	176,840	193,421	493,766	525,064
Summit Materials, LLC | East | Operating segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Adjusted EBITDA	50,089	44,119	116,558	98,949
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment			45,754	65,116
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	15,586	15,445	46,839	48,655
Total assets	1,191,237		1,191,237		1,151,223
Summit Materials, LLC | Cement
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue	121,319	119,915	287,311	259,791
Summit Materials, LLC | Cement | Operating segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total Adjusted EBITDA	50,355	46,597	103,237	84,019
Total purchases of property, plant and equipment			28,914	30,503
Total depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	12,143	$ 10,959	30,032	$ 27,993
Total assets	$ 914,416		$ 914,416		$ 873,604

XML

GUARANTOR AND NON-GUARANTOR FINANCIAL INFORMATION - Schedule of Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Jul. 01, 2023	Apr. 01, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Oct. 01, 2022	Jul. 02, 2022	Apr. 02, 2022	Jan. 01, 2022
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 197,475			$ 520,451
Accounts receivable, net	375,929			256,669
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings	40,985			6,510
Inventories	243,136			212,491
Total current assets	877,203			1,018,376
Property, plant and equipment, net	1,974,532			1,813,702
Goodwill	1,241,472			1,132,546
Intangible assets, net	68,814			71,384
Operating lease right-of-use assets	38,380			37,889
Total assets	4,364,964			4,255,692
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	3,822			5,096
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	7,028			13,718
Accounts payable	173,127			104,031
Current operating lease liabilities	8,745			7,296
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	8,539			5,739
Total current liabilities	348,880			255,847
Long-term debt	1,488,069			1,488,569
Acquisition-related liabilities	27,633			29,051
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	34,838			35,737
Total liabilities	2,057,231			2,243,702
Total liabilities and members' interest	4,364,964			4,255,692
Summit Materials, LLC
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	192,996			520,451
Accounts receivable, net	375,929			256,669
Intercompany receivables	0			0
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings	40,985			6,510
Inventories	243,136			212,491
Other current assets	24,078			22,255
Total current assets	877,124			1,018,376
Property, plant and equipment, net	1,974,532			1,813,702
Goodwill	1,242,472			1,133,546
Intangible assets, net	68,814			71,384
Operating lease right-of-use assets	38,380			37,889
Other assets	169,736			44,809
Total assets	4,371,058			4,119,706
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	3,822			5,096
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	7,028			13,718
Accounts payable	172,982			104,430
Accrued expenses	148,105			120,708
Current operating lease liabilities	8,745			7,296
Intercompany payables	0			0
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	8,539			5,739
Total current liabilities	349,221			256,987
Long-term debt	1,488,069			1,488,569
Acquisition-related liabilities	27,633			29,051
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	34,838			35,737
Other noncurrent liabilities	165,195			166,212
Total liabilities	2,064,956			1,976,556
Total member's interest	2,306,102	$ 2,215,304	$ 2,105,146	2,143,150	$ 2,051,226	$ 2,039,348	$ 1,797,061	$ 1,884,944
Total liabilities and members' interest	4,371,058			4,119,706
Summit Materials, LLC | Eliminations
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	(13,065)			(7,018)
Accounts receivable, net	(132)			(25)
Intercompany receivables	(2,454,543)			(2,267,134)
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings	0			0
Inventories	0			0
Other current assets	0			0
Total current assets	(2,467,740)			(2,274,177)
Property, plant and equipment, net	0			0
Goodwill	0			0
Intangible assets, net	0			0
Operating lease right-of-use assets	0			0
Other assets	(5,352,848)			(4,760,543)
Total assets	(7,820,588)			(7,034,720)
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	0			0
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	0			0
Accounts payable	(132)			(25)
Accrued expenses	(13,065)			(7,018)
Current operating lease liabilities	0			0
Intercompany payables	(2,454,543)			(2,267,134)
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	0			0
Total current liabilities	(2,467,740)			(2,274,177)
Long-term debt	0			0
Acquisition-related liabilities	0			0
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	0			0
Other noncurrent liabilities	(164,421)			(164,421)
Total liabilities	(2,632,161)			(2,438,598)
Total member's interest	(5,188,427)			(4,596,122)
Total liabilities and members' interest	(7,820,588)			(7,034,720)
Summit Materials, LLC | Issuers | Reportable Legal Entities
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	169,370			498,307
Accounts receivable, net	2,232			1,528
Intercompany receivables	302,181			329,744
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings	0			0
Inventories	0			0
Other current assets	12,896			4,755
Total current assets	486,679			834,334
Property, plant and equipment, net	31,982			21,306
Goodwill	0			0
Intangible assets, net	0			0
Operating lease right-of-use assets	3,987			4,665
Other assets	5,301,038			4,599,488
Total assets	5,823,686			5,459,793
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	3,822			5,096
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	0			0
Accounts payable	6,524			3,553
Accrued expenses	62,279			54,417
Current operating lease liabilities	910			921
Intercompany payables	1,942,556			1,750,352
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	0			0
Total current liabilities	2,016,091			1,814,339
Long-term debt	1,488,069			1,488,569
Acquisition-related liabilities	0			0
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	8,135			8,726
Other noncurrent liabilities	5,289			5,009
Total liabilities	3,517,584			3,316,643
Total member's interest	2,306,102			2,143,150
Total liabilities and members' interest	5,823,686			5,459,793
Summit Materials, LLC | Guarantors  | Reportable Legal Entities
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	3,556			2,864
Accounts receivable, net	341,351			233,039
Intercompany receivables	2,152,362			1,937,390
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings	39,746			5,861
Inventories	236,913			206,418
Other current assets	9,848			16,341
Total current assets	2,783,776			2,401,913
Property, plant and equipment, net	1,865,176			1,710,972
Goodwill	1,185,739			1,076,935
Intangible assets, net	64,486			66,972
Operating lease right-of-use assets	30,048			28,310
Other assets	220,772			204,644
Total assets	6,149,997			5,489,746
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	0			0
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	7,028			13,718
Accounts payable	155,276			93,096
Accrued expenses	94,833			70,433
Current operating lease liabilities	7,276			5,637
Intercompany payables	509,873			513,494
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	7,480			4,956
Total current liabilities	781,766			701,334
Long-term debt	0			0
Acquisition-related liabilities	27,633			29,051
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	23,041			22,871
Other noncurrent liabilities	207,728			208,185
Total liabilities	1,040,168			961,441
Total member's interest	5,109,829			4,528,305
Total liabilities and members' interest	6,149,997			5,489,746
Summit Materials, LLC | Non-Guarantors | Reportable Legal Entities
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	33,135			26,298
Accounts receivable, net	32,478			22,127
Intercompany receivables	0			0
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings	1,239			649
Inventories	6,223			6,073
Other current assets	1,334			1,159
Total current assets	74,409			56,306
Property, plant and equipment, net	77,374			81,424
Goodwill	56,733			56,611
Intangible assets, net	4,328			4,412
Operating lease right-of-use assets	4,345			4,914
Other assets	774			1,220
Total assets	217,963			204,887
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt	0			0
Current portion of acquisition-related liabilities	0			0
Accounts payable	11,314			7,806
Accrued expenses	4,058			2,876
Current operating lease liabilities	559			738
Intercompany payables	2,114			3,288
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings	1,059			783
Total current liabilities	19,104			15,491
Long-term debt	0			0
Acquisition-related liabilities	0			0
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	3,662			4,140
Other noncurrent liabilities	116,599			117,439
Total liabilities	139,365			137,070
Total member's interest	78,598			67,817
Total liabilities and members' interest	$ 217,963			$ 204,887

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GUARANTOR AND NON-GUARANTOR FINANCIAL INFORMATION - Schedule of Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Total revenue	$ 794,797	$ 752,747	$ 1,959,335	$ 1,860,248
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	543,159	534,936	1,389,599	1,372,521
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	57,452	52,133	163,133	150,483
Operating income	127,983	127,062	242,141	204,003
(Gain) loss on sale of business	0	(4,115)	0	(174,373)
Income from operations before taxes	256,633	112,480	326,164	319,650
Income tax expense	23,908	24,829	39,923	74,033
Net income attributable to Summit Inc.	230,045	86,489	282,878	242,310
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	227,015	78,826	283,090	231,757
Summit Materials, LLC
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Total revenue	794,797	752,747	1,959,335	1,860,248
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	543,159	534,936	1,389,599	1,372,521
General and administrative expenses	66,203	38,616	164,462	133,241
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	57,452	52,133	163,133	150,483
Operating income	127,983	127,062	242,141	204,003
Other income, net	(3,581)	(3,283)	(14,276)	(4,956)
Interest expense (income)	28,013	21,980	83,335	62,728
(Gain) loss on sale of business	0	(4,115)	0	(174,373)
Income from operations before taxes	103,551	112,480	173,082	320,604
Income tax expense	8,451	7,147	15,103	19,557
Net income attributable to Summit Inc.	95,100	105,333	157,979	301,047
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	91,290	95,086	158,274	286,934
Summit Materials, LLC | Eliminations
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Total revenue	(1,486)	(2,875)	(3,844)	(8,366)
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	(1,486)	(2,875)	(3,844)	(8,366)
General and administrative expenses	0	0	0	0
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	0	0	0	0
Operating income	0	0	0	0
Other income, net	168,314	144,575	340,125	316,514
Interest expense (income)	0	0	0	0
(Gain) loss on sale of business		0		0
Income from operations before taxes	(168,314)	(144,575)	(340,125)	(316,514)
Income tax expense	0	0	0	0
Net income attributable to Summit Inc.	(168,314)	(144,575)	(340,125)	(316,514)
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	(172,124)	(154,822)	(339,830)	(330,627)
Issuers | Summit Materials, LLC | Reportable Legal Entities
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Total revenue	0	0	0	0
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	0	0	0	0
General and administrative expenses	33,073	9,138	66,947	42,360
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	1,022	822	3,044	2,341
Operating income	(34,095)	(9,960)	(69,991)	(44,701)
Other income, net	(171,236)	(147,353)	(351,086)	(320,069)
Interest expense (income)	41,642	35,536	121,917	103,017
(Gain) loss on sale of business		(5,120)		(131,721)
Income from operations before taxes	95,499	106,977	159,178	304,072
Income tax expense	399	1,644	1,199	3,025
Net income attributable to Summit Inc.	95,100	105,333	157,979	301,047
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	91,290	95,086	158,274	286,934
Guarantors  | Summit Materials, LLC | Reportable Legal Entities
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Total revenue	759,491	718,510	1,863,825	1,770,642
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	519,059	511,848	1,324,138	1,310,495
General and administrative expenses	31,548	27,717	92,502	85,816
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	53,779	48,442	151,850	139,280
Operating income	155,105	130,503	295,335	235,051
Other income, net	(106)	(399)	(1,653)	(1,384)
Interest expense (income)	(15,002)	(14,926)	(42,695)	(44,399)
(Gain) loss on sale of business		1,005		(42,652)
Income from operations before taxes	170,213	144,823	339,683	323,486
Income tax expense	6,407	4,119	10,043	13,985
Net income attributable to Summit Inc.	163,806	140,704	329,640	309,501
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	163,806	140,704	329,640	309,501
Non-Guarantors | Summit Materials, LLC | Reportable Legal Entities
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Total revenue	36,792	37,112	99,354	97,972
Cost of revenue (excluding items shown separately below)	25,586	25,963	69,305	70,392
General and administrative expenses	1,582	1,761	5,013	5,065
Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion	2,651	2,869	8,239	8,862
Operating income	6,973	6,519	16,797	13,653
Other income, net	(553)	(106)	(1,662)	(17)
Interest expense (income)	1,373	1,370	4,113	4,110
(Gain) loss on sale of business		0		0
Income from operations before taxes	6,153	5,255	14,346	9,560
Income tax expense	1,645	1,384	3,861	2,547
Net income attributable to Summit Inc.	4,508	3,871	10,485	7,013
Comprehensive income attributable to member of Summit Materials, LLC	$ 8,318	$ 14,118	$ 10,190	$ 21,126

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GUARANTOR AND NON-GUARANTOR FINANCIAL INFORMATION - Schedule of Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 01, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$ 243,624	$ 132,191
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(239,508)	(1,933)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(182,182)	(189,008)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant, and equipment	9,760	8,298
Proceeds from sale of businesses	0	373,790
Other	(3,602)	(2,214)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(415,532)	188,933
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments on long-term debt	(8,520)	(113,769)
Cash paid for tax receivable agreement interests	(122,935)	0
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	(12,203)	(12,964)
Debt issuance costs	(1,566)
Distributions from partnership	(60)	(399)
Other	(6,011)	(774)
Net cash used in financing activities	(151,183)	(228,687)
Impact of foreign currency on cash	115	(1,732)
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(322,976)	90,705
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of period	520,451	380,961	$ 380,961
Cash and cash equivalents – end of period	197,475	471,666	520,451
Summit Materials, LLC
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	243,623	131,580
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(239,508)	(1,933)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(182,182)	(189,008)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant, and equipment	9,760	8,298
Proceeds from sale of businesses	0	373,790
Other	(3,602)	(2,214)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(415,532)	188,933
Cash flows from financing activities:
Capital distributions to member	112	(100,781)
Loans received from and payments made on loans from other Summit Companies	0	0
Payments on long-term debt	(8,520)	(113,769)
Cash paid for tax receivable agreement interests	(122,935)	0
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	(12,203)	(12,964)
Debt issuance costs	(1,566)
Distributions from partnership	(4,538)	(34,155)
Other	(6,011)	(774)
Net cash used in financing activities	(155,661)	(262,443)
Impact of foreign currency on cash	115	(1,732)
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(327,455)	56,338
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of period	520,451	380,961	380,961
Cash and cash equivalents – end of period	192,996	437,299	520,451
Summit Materials, LLC | Eliminations
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	0	0
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	0	0
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	0	0
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant, and equipment	0	0
Proceeds from sale of businesses		0
Other	0	0
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	0	0
Cash flows from financing activities:
Capital distributions to member	0	0
Loans received from and payments made on loans from other Summit Companies	(6,047)	(252)
Payments on long-term debt	0	0
Cash paid for tax receivable agreement interests	0
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	0	0
Debt issuance costs	0
Distributions from partnership	0	0
Other	0	0
Net cash used in financing activities	(6,047)	(252)
Impact of foreign currency on cash	0	0
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(6,047)	(252)
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of period	(7,018)	(4,684)	(4,684)
Cash and cash equivalents – end of period	(13,065)	(4,936)	(7,018)
Summit Materials, LLC | Issuers | Reportable Legal Entities
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	(124,375)	(109,265)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	0	0
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(9,490)	(7,927)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant, and equipment	0	0
Proceeds from sale of businesses		5,924
Other	0	0
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(9,490)	(2,003)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Capital distributions to member	(240,992)	(102,713)
Loans received from and payments made on loans from other Summit Companies	181,538	402,030
Payments on long-term debt	(3,822)	(100,400)
Cash paid for tax receivable agreement interests	(122,935)
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	0	0
Debt issuance costs	(1,566)
Distributions from partnership	(4,538)	(34,155)
Other	(2,757)	(754)
Net cash used in financing activities	(195,072)	164,008
Impact of foreign currency on cash	0	0
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(328,937)	52,740
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of period	498,307	365,044	365,044
Cash and cash equivalents – end of period	169,370	417,784	498,307
Summit Materials, LLC | Guarantors  | Reportable Legal Entities
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	352,592	225,563
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(239,508)	(1,933)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(168,843)	(177,028)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant, and equipment	9,265	8,033
Proceeds from sale of businesses		367,866
Other	(3,602)	(2,214)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(402,688)	194,724
Cash flows from financing activities:
Capital distributions to member	241,104	1,932
Loans received from and payments made on loans from other Summit Companies	(170,376)	(396,330)
Payments on long-term debt	(4,698)	(13,369)
Cash paid for tax receivable agreement interests	0
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	(12,203)	(12,964)
Debt issuance costs	0
Distributions from partnership	0	0
Other	(3,039)	(20)
Net cash used in financing activities	50,788	(420,751)
Impact of foreign currency on cash	0	0
Net (decrease) increase in cash	692	(464)
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of period	2,864	2,264	2,264
Cash and cash equivalents – end of period	3,556	1,800	2,864
Summit Materials, LLC | Non-Guarantors | Reportable Legal Entities
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	15,406	15,282
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	0	0
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(3,849)	(4,053)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant, and equipment	495	265
Proceeds from sale of businesses		0
Other	0	0
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(3,354)	(3,788)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Capital distributions to member	0	0
Loans received from and payments made on loans from other Summit Companies	(5,115)	(5,448)
Payments on long-term debt	0	0
Cash paid for tax receivable agreement interests	0
Payments on acquisition-related liabilities	0	0
Debt issuance costs	0
Distributions from partnership	0	0
Other	(215)	0
Net cash used in financing activities	(5,330)	(5,448)
Impact of foreign currency on cash	115	(1,732)
Net (decrease) increase in cash	6,837	4,314
Cash and cash equivalents – beginning of period	26,298	18,337	18,337
Cash and cash equivalents – end of period	$ 33,135	$ 22,651	$ 26,298