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Long-lived Assets
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Long-lived Assets Long-lived Assets
Property and Equipment, Net
        
The details of our property and equipment and the related accumulated depreciation are set forth below:
Estimated
useful life at
December 31, 2023
December 31,
20232022
 in millions
Distribution systems
3 to 30 years
$10,638.0 $9,134.3 
Support equipment, buildings and land
3 to 33 years
4,116.0 4,067.2 
Customer premises equipment
4 to 7 years
1,354.7 1,338.1 
Total property and equipment, gross
16,108.7 14,539.6 
Accumulated depreciation
(8,748.5)(8,035.1)
Total property and equipment, net
$7,360.2 $6,504.5 

Depreciation expense related to our property and equipment was $1,856.9 million, $1,727.7 million and $1,883.2 million during 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

During 2023, 2022 and 2021, we recorded non-cash increases to our property and equipment related to vendor financing arrangements (including amounts related to the U.K. JV Entities through the closing of the U.K. JV Transaction) of $178.4 million, $182.8 million and $661.1 million, respectively, which exclude related VAT of $18.4 million, $21.2 million and $84.7 million, respectively, that were also financed under these arrangements.

Goodwill

Changes in the carrying amount of our goodwill during 2023 are set forth below:
January 1,
2023
Acquisitions
and related
adjustments		Foreign currency translation adjustments and other December 31,
2023
 in millions
Sunrise$6,515.1 $11.7 $641.9 $7,168.7 
Telenet2,480.2 555.1 (58.4)2,976.9 
VM Ireland259.5 — 8.6 268.1 
Central and Other61.3 — 2.0 63.3 
Total$9,316.1 $566.8 $594.1 $10,477.0 

If, among other factors, the adverse impacts of economic, competitive, regulatory or other factors were to cause our results of operations or cash flows to be worse than anticipated, we could conclude in future periods that impairment charges are required in order to reduce the carrying values of our goodwill and, to a lesser extent, other long-lived assets. Any such impairment charges could be significant.
Changes in the carrying amount of our goodwill during 2022 are set forth below:
January 1,
2022
Acquisitions
and related
adjustments		Foreign
currency
translation
adjustments and other		December 31,
2022
 in millions
Sunrise$6,590.5 $— $(75.4)$6,515.1 
Telenet2,591.8 39.0 (150.6)2,480.2 
VM Ireland275.9 — (16.4)259.5 
Central and Other
65.2 — (3.9)61.3 
Total$9,523.4 $39.0 $(246.3)$9,316.1 

Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization, Net

The details of our intangible assets subject to amortization are set forth below: 
Estimated useful life at December 31, 2023December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Gross carrying amountAccumulated amortizationNet carrying amountGross carrying amountAccumulated amortizationNet carrying amount
 in millions
Customer relationships
5 to 11 years
$2,489.5 $(1,370.8)$1,118.7 $2,289.9 $(932.2)$1,357.7 
Other
2 to 20 years
1,538.3 (603.4)934.9 1,467.2 (482.5)984.7 
Total$4,027.8 $(1,974.2)$2,053.6 $3,757.1 $(1,414.7)$2,342.4 

During the third quarter of 2022, Telenet acquired certain mobile spectrum licenses. In connection with this transaction, we recorded a non-cash increase of $384.1 million to our intangible assets subject to amortization.

Amortization expense related to intangible assets with finite useful lives was $458.3 million, $443.7 million and $470.5 million during 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Based on our amortizable intangible asset balance at December 31, 2023, we expect that amortization expense will be as follows for the next five years and thereafter (in millions):

2024$488.5 
2025482.7 
2026416.9 
202794.3 
202890.4 
Thereafter480.8 
Total$2,053.6