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Stock Based Compensation (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Summary of Common Stock Available for Future Grants
The following table provides information regarding the amount of Class A Common Stock available for future grants under the Plan:

 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
Balance, beginning
5,992,621

 
6,439,532

 
6,517,310

Grants
(2,238,242
)
 
(847,194
)
 
(103,622
)
Forfeited/cancelled
375,682

 
397,580

 
25,641

Shares withheld for tax withholdings
203

 
2,703

 
203

Balance, ending
4,130,264

 
5,992,621

 
6,439,532
Summary of Stock-Based Compensation Expense
The following table provides information regarding the amount and components of stock-based compensation expense, which is included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations:

(Dollars in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
2016
 
2015
 
2014
Restricted stock units (RSUs) (1)
$
6,101

 
$
3,335

 
$
1,263

Stock options
3,717

 
4,416

 
2,920

New TMM Units
1,094

 
1,678

 
1,648

Total stock compensation
$
10,912

 
$
9,429

 
$
5,831

Income tax (expense)/benefit recognized
$
(53
)
 
$
(93
)
 
$
53

(1) 
Includes compensation expense related to restricted stock units and performance restricted stock units.
Summary of Stock Option Activity
The following table summarizes stock option activity for the Plan for the year ended December 31, 2016:

 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
 
Number of
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Number of
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Number of
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Outstanding, beginning
1,507,765

 
$
21.07

 
1,325,029

 
$
22.35

 
1,250,829

 
$
22.45

Granted
1,146,643

 
11.61

 
400,258

 
18.78

 
95,700

 
20.91

Exercised
(7,786
)
 
18.73

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Cancelled
(215,275
)
 
15.76

 
(217,522
)
 
24.62

 
(21,500
)
 
22.00

Balance, ending
2,431,347

 
$
17.09

 
1,507,765

 
$
21.07

 
1,325,029

 
$
22.35

Options exercisable, at December 31, 2016
633,059

 
$
21.50

 
267,168

 
$
21.98

 
7,963

 
$
20.93


 
As of December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)
2016
 
2015
 
2014
Unamortized value of unvested stock options (net of estimated forfeitures)
$
7,317

 
$
8,135

 
$
10,092

Weighted-average period (in years) that expense is expected to be recognized
2.3

 
2.6

 
3.4

Weighted-average remaining contractual life (in years) for options outstanding
7.7

 
7.9

 
8.3

Weighted-average remaining contractual life (in years) for options exercisable
6.1

 
7.3

 
8.5
Summary of Weighted-average Assumptions and Fair Value Used for Stock Options Grants
The following table summarizes the weighted-average assumptions and fair value used for stock options grants:

 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
Expected dividend yield
—%
 
—%
 
—%
Expected volatility
29.83%
 
48.66%
 
48.60%
Risk-free interest rate
1.35%
 
1.27%
 
1.13 % – 1.34 %
Expected term (in years)
6.25
 
4.50
 
4.50
Weighted average fair value of options granted during the period
$3.72
 
$7.73
 
$8.59
Summary of Aggregate Intrinsic Value of Options Outstanding and Exercisable
The following table provides information pertaining to the aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014:

 
As of December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)
2016
 
2015
 
2014
Aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding
$
8,054

 
$
—

 
$
8,046

Aggregate intrinsic value of options exercisable
$
50

 
$
—

 
$
—
New TMM Units [Member]  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Summary of Activity of Stock Units
The shares of Class B Common Stock/New TMM Units outstanding as of December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 were as follows:
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
 
Number of
Awards
 
Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
 
Number of
Awards
 
Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
 
Number of
Awards
 
Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Outstanding, beginning
1,312,874

 
$
5.45

 
1,431,721

 
$
5.11

 
1,655,469

 
$
5.02

Exchanges (1)
(159,863
)
 
4.34

 
(87,055
)
 
3.88

 
(196,024
)
 
4.22

Forfeited (2)
(6,654
)
 
8.63

 
(31,792
)
 
5.24

 
(27,724
)
 
6.09

Balance, ending
1,146,357

 
$
5.58

 
1,312,874

 
$
5.45

 
1,431,721

 
$
5.11

Unvested New TMM Units included in ending balance
80,178

 
$
8.73

 
419,855

 
$
5.85

 
792,320

 
$
5.30


(1)
Exchanges during the period represent the exchange of a vested New TMM Unit along with the corresponding share of Class B Common Stock for a newly issued share of Class A Common Stock.
(2)
Awards forfeited during the period represent the unvested portion of New TMM Unit awards for employees who have terminated employment with the Company and for which the New TMM Unit and the corresponding Class B Share have been cancelled.

 
Year Ended December 31,
(Dollars in thousands):
2016
 
2015
 
2014
Unamortized value of New TMM Units
$
417

 
$
1,568

 
$
3,345

Weighted-average period expense is expected to be recognized (in years)
0.6

 
0.8

 
2.2
Performance Restricted Stock Units [Member]  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Summary of Activity of Stock Units
The following table summarizes the activity of our PRSUs:

 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
Balance, beginning
254,543

 
175,790

 
179,931

Granted
674,525

 
260,144

 
—

Vested
—

 
(2,885
)
 
—

Forfeited
(104,851
)
 
(178,506
)
 
(4,141
)
Balance, ending
824,217

 
254,543

 
175,790


 
Year Ended December 31,
(Dollars in thousands):
2016
 
2015
 
2014
PRSU expense recognized during the year ended December 31
$
4,016

 
$
2,405

 
$
1,054

Unamortized value of PRSUs at December 31
$
6,390

 
$
4,520

 
$
2,438

Weighted-average period expense is expected to be recognized (in years)
1.9

 
1.9

 
2.3
Non-performance Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Summary of Activity of Stock Units
The following tables summarize the activity of our RSUs:

 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
(Dollars in thousands except per share data):
Number of
RSUs
 
Weighted
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value
 
Number of
RSUs
 
Weighted
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value
 
Number of
RSUs
 
Weighted
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value
Outstanding, beginning
186,753

 
$
18.88

 
9,888

 
$
22.25

 
8,885

 
$
20.82

Granted
417,074

 
11.99

 
186,792

 
18.85

 
7,922

 
22.09

Vested
(13,787
)
 
19.66

 
(8,375
)
 
22.15

 
(6,919
)
 
20.24

Forfeited
(55,556
)
 
13.83

 
(1,552
)
 
18.73

 
—

 
—

Balance, ending
534,484

 
$
14.01

 
186,753

 
$
18.88

 
9,888

 
$
22.25


 
Year Ended December 31,
(Dollars in thousands):
2016
 
2015
 
2014
RSU expense recognized during the year ended December 31
$
2,086

 
$
930

 
$
209

Unamortized value of RSUs at December 31
$
4,666

 
$
2,527

 
$
100

Weighted-average period expense is expected to be recognized (in years)
2.7

 
3.0

 
1.3