0001193125-13-129696.txt : 20130327 0001193125-13-129696.hdr.sgml : 20130327 20130327172249 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001193125-13-129696 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: F-1 PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 15 FILED AS OF DATE: 20130327 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20130327 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: QIWI plc CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001561566 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SERVICES-BUSINESS SERVICES, NEC [7389] IRS NUMBER: 000000000 STATE OF INCORPORATION: G4 FISCAL YEAR END: 0207 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: F-1 SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-187579 FILM NUMBER: 13720825 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 12-14 KENNEDY AVE. STREET 2: KENNEDY BUSINESS CENTRE, OFFICE 203 CITY: NICOSIA STATE: G4 ZIP: 1087 BUSINESS PHONE: 01135722653390 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 12-14 KENNEDY AVE. STREET 2: KENNEDY BUSINESS CENTRE, OFFICE 203 CITY: NICOSIA STATE: G4 ZIP: 1087 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: QIWI Ltd DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 20121105 F-1 1 d426593df1.htm FORM F-1 Form F-1
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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 27, 2013

Registration Statement No. 333-            

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

Form F-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

QIWI plc

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Cyprus   7389   Not Applicable
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)
 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

12-14 Kennedy Ave.

Kennedy Business Centre, 2nd Floor, Office 203

1087 Nicosia Cyprus

Telephone: +357-22-653390

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

 

Law Debenture Corporate Services Inc.

400 Madison Avenue, 4th Floor

New York, New York 10017

Tel: +1-212-750-6474

(Name and address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

 

    Copies to:

 

Pranav L. Trivedi

Michael Zeidel

Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher and Flom (UK) LLP

40 Bank Street

London E14 5DS

Telephone: +44 20 7519 7000

Facsimile: +44 20 7519 7070

 

Joshua G. Kiernan

Colin J. Diamond

White & Case LLP

5 Old Broad Street

London EC2N 1DW

Telephone: +44 20 7532 1000

Facsimile: +44 20 7532 1001

 

Darina Lozovsky

White & Case LLC

4 Romanov Pereulok

125009 Moscow

Telephone: +7 495 787 3000

Facsimile: +7 495 787 3001

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”), check the following box.  ¨

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

 

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

 

Title of each class of

securities to be registered(1)

 

Proposed

maximum

aggregate

offering price(2)

 

Amount of

registration fee

Class B shares of €0.0005 par value per share(3)

  U.S.$100,000,000   U.S.$13,640

 

 

(1) Includes                      class B shares represented by                      ADSs that may be sold upon exercise of an over-allotment option to be granted to the underwriters.
(2) Estimated solely for the purposes of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o).
(3) American depositary shares issuable upon deposit of class B shares registered hereby will be registered under a separate registration statement on Form F-6 (Registration No. 333-            ). Each American depositary share represents one class B share.

 

 

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 


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The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. Neither we nor the selling shareholders may sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS    SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED MARCH 27, 2013

                     American Depositary Shares

 

LOGO

Representing                      Class B Shares

 

 

This is an initial public offering of American depositary shares, or ADSs. Each ADS represents one class B share of QIWI plc and is evidenced by American depositary receipts, or ADRs. The selling shareholders identified in this prospectus are offering             ADSs. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the ADSs sold by the selling shareholders.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our ADSs. We expect the initial public offering price to be between U.S.$        and U.S.$        per ADS. We intend to apply to have the ADSs listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “QIWI.”

 

 

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined under Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933.

 

 

Investing in our ADSs involves risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 14.

 

 

 

     Price to Public      Underwriting
Discounts and
Commissions
     Proceeds to the
Selling
Shareholders
 

Per ADS

   U.S.$                    U.S.$                    U.S.$                

Total

   U.S.$         U.S.$         U.S.$     

The underwriters have an option to purchase up to an additional            ADSs from the selling shareholders at the initial public offering price, less the underwriting discount, within 30 days from the date of this prospectus to cover over-allotments, if any.

The underwriters expect to deliver the ADSs to purchasers on or about                    , 2013.

Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

 

J.P. Morgan       Credit Suisse

 

 

 

Baird    RenCap    William Blair

Prospectus dated                    , 2013


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Summary

     1   

The offering

     7   

Risk factors

     14   

Special note regarding forward-looking statements

     46   

Use of proceeds

     47   

Dividend policy

     48   

Capitalization

     49   

Dilution

     50   

Exchange rates

     51   

Selected consolidated financial and other data

     52   

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

     57   

The payment services market in Russia and Kazakhstan

     83   

Business

     86   

Regulation

     100   

Management

     110   

Principal and selling shareholders

     118   

Related party transactions

     120   

Description of share capital

     123   

Description of American depositary shares

     134   

Shares eligible for future sale

     141   

Taxation

     142   

Underwriting

     153   

Expenses of the offering

     161   

Legal matters

     162   

Experts

     163   

Enforceability of civil liabilities

     164   

Where you can find more information

     165   

Index to financial statements

     F-1   

 

 

Neither we, nor the selling shareholders nor the underwriters (nor any of our or their respective affiliates) have authorized anyone to provide any information other than that contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we may have referred you. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. Neither we, nor the selling shareholders nor the underwriters (nor any of our or their respective affiliates) are making an offer to sell the ADSs or the underlying class B shares in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of the ADSs or the underlying class B shares. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since the date on the front cover of this prospectus.

Neither we, nor the selling shareholders nor any of the underwriters have taken any action to permit a public offering of the ADSs outside the United States or to permit the possession or distribution of this prospectus outside the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about and observe any restrictions relating to the offering of the ADSs and the distribution of this prospectus outside the United States.

We present our consolidated financial statements in Russian rubles. All references in this prospectus to “rubles” or “RUB” are to Russian rubles unless otherwise noted. Solely for convenience and unless otherwise indicated, certain Russian ruble amounts have been translated into U.S. dollars at a rate of RUB 30.37 to U.S.$1.00, the official exchange rate quoted as of December 31, 2012 by the Central Bank of Russia, or the CBR. Such U.S. dollar amounts are not necessarily indicative of the amount of U.S. dollars that could actually have


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been purchased upon exchange of Russian rubles at the dates indicated and have been provided solely for the convenience of the reader.

This prospectus includes data, forecasts and information obtained from industry publications and surveys and other information available to us. Forecasts and other metrics included in this prospectus to describe our industry are inherently uncertain and speculative in nature, and actual results for any period may materially differ. We have not independently verified any of the data from third-party sources, nor have we ascertained the underlying assumptions relied upon therein. While we are not aware of any misstatements regarding the industry data presented herein, estimates and forecasts involve uncertainties and risks and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors.”


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SUMMARY

This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus and does not contain all of the information that you should consider in making your investment decision. Before deciding whether to invest in our ADSs, you should carefully read this entire prospectus, especially the risks of investing in our ADSs discussed under the heading “Risk Factors.” In this prospectus, the terms “Qiwi”, “we”, “us”, “our” and “company” refer to QIWI plc and, unless the context requires otherwise, its subsidiaries.

Overview

We are a leading provider of next generation payment services in Russia and the CIS. We have an integrated proprietary network that enables payment services across physical, online and mobile channels. We have deployed over 11 million virtual wallets, over 169,000 kiosks and terminals, and enabled over 40,000 merchants to accept over RUB 39 billion cash and electronic payments monthly from over 65 million consumers using our network at least once a month. Our consumers can use cash, stored value and other electronic payment methods to order and pay for goods and services across physical or online environments interchangeably. We believe the complementary combination of our physical and virtual payment services provides differentiated convenience to our consumers and creates a strong network effect that drives payment volume across our business. Our extensive network of interactive Qiwi kiosks also enables us to provide advertising services, and the billions of transactions we process annually allow us to collect and analyze valuable data, which we monetize by providing value added services. We believe that our leading market position, proprietary network and complementary services provide us with competitive advantages that have enabled us to generate strong growth and profitability.

We operate in and target markets and consumer segments that are largely cash-based and lack convenient alternatives for consumers to pay for goods and services in physical, online and mobile environments. For example, according to a report from Edgar, Dunn & Company, Russia remains a cash-dominated society for retail consumer payments with approximately 94% of the value of payments exchanged in cash in 2011, while the penetration of electronic payment services, such as credit and debit cards and point of sale terminals, significantly lags behind more developed economies. We help consumers and merchants connect more efficiently in these markets by providing an integrated network of kiosks and terminals, virtual wallets and payment services that enable consumers to deposit cash, convert it into a digital form and remit the funds to a virtual wallet, a variety of Visa-branded prepaid cards or any merchant in our network quickly and securely – for example, to pay bills, add minutes to their mobile phones, purchase transportation and tickets, shop online or at a retail store, buy digital services or send money to a friend or relative.

Our platform provides simple and intuitive user interfaces, convenient access and best-in-class services combined with the reputation and trust associated with the Qiwi brand. The payments processed on our network are typically very small with a limit of RUB 15,000 per transaction and, since they are primarily funded with cash, consumers do not have to undergo a lengthy registration process to execute most transactions. Alternatively, consumers can create an online account, or virtual wallet, with Qiwi where they can store money, deposited from cash or funded from a variety of other sources, such as a bank account, credit card, direct payroll deposit or money transfer, that can be used to make payments and purchases at any time. Our services also allow over 40,000 merchants in Russia and other markets, including leading mobile network operators, or MNOs, online retailers, financial institutions and utilities, to accept payments via our network, enabling them to attract more consumers, generate more sales and get paid faster and more easily.

We have deployed our network of kiosks and terminals using a proprietary agent model. Under this model, our kiosks are assembled by third party manufacturers using our proprietary specifications and are then purchased by over 9,300 agents who are responsible for placing, operating and servicing the kiosks in high-traffic, convenient retail locations and setting the fee rates paid by consumers. In addition, an agent-owned point

 

 

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of sale terminal, computer, laptop or mobile phone can serve as a Qiwi terminal once our proprietary software is installed on it, which allows the agent to process consumer payments to merchants through our system. In Russia and Kazakhstan, our brand is very well-known and our kiosks and terminals provide unique physical access for approximately 159 million consumers. They can be found next to convenience stores, in train stations, post offices, retail stores or airport terminals in all of the major urban centers, as well as many small and rural towns that lack large bank branches and infrastructure. In addition, we distribute our payment services through our virtual Visa Qiwi Wallet product, which enables consumers to access and make payments through their computers or mobile devices. While at an early stage, we have also begun to expand our operations into Moldova, Romania, Belarus, Brazil and the United States.

We run our network and process our transactions using a proprietary, advanced technology platform that leverages the latest virtualization, analytics and security technologies to create a fast, highly reliable, secure and redundant system. We believe that the breadth and reach of our network, along with the proprietary nature of our technology platform, differentiate us from our competitors and allow us to effectively manage and update our services and realize significant operating leverage with growth in volumes.

Our Revenue Model

We have two principal operating segments: Qiwi Distribution, which primarily generates revenue from our payment systems offered through our kiosks and terminals, and Visa Qiwi Wallet, which generates revenue from payments processed through virtual electronic accounts and bank prepaid products, including our prepaid card business. Our primary source of revenue in each of these segments is fees we receive for processing payments made by consumers to merchants, which we refer to as payment processing fees, based on a percentage of the value of the transactions that we process, which we refer to as payment volume. We refer to payment processing fees that are paid to us by merchants for collecting payments on their behalf as merchant fees, and to payment processing fees that are paid by our consumers and transmitted to us by our agents (in case of Qiwi Distribution) or paid by our consumers directly to us (in case of Visa Qiwi Wallet) as consumer fees. We typically pass on a portion of the merchant fees to our agents. We generate additional revenue from advertising and other high margin non-payment services.

For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our revenue was RUB 6,158 million, RUB 8,158 million and RUB 8,911 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our adjusted net revenue was RUB 2,799 million, RUB 3,254 million and RUB 4,169 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our net profit from continuing operations was RUB 617 million, RUB 586 million and RUB 1,048 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our adjusted net profit was RUB 768 million, RUB 721 million and RUB 1,306 million, respectively. See “Summary Consolidated Financial and Other Data—Non-IFRS Financial Measures” for how we define and calculate adjusted net revenue and adjusted net profit as non-IFRS financial measures and reconciliations of these measures to revenue and net profit, respectively.

Our Services

Our Qiwi Distribution segment comprises approximately 120,000 kiosks and 49,000 terminals that we operate through a proprietary payment processing platform. In cash-dominated economies with significant under-penetration of banking and online payment services, our platform serves as a link between merchants and consumers. Each of our kiosks is effectively a retail outlet that offers products and services from over 40,000 merchants and allows consumers to use cash, or a Visa Qiwi Wallet account, to make online purchases and payments. For example, to make a payment through a kiosk, a consumer selects a particular merchant on the kiosk screen, inserts money into a cash acceptor or enters credentials to access funds in his or her Visa Qiwi Wallet, and confirms that he or she wishes to complete the transaction. Our kiosk software then sends an

 

 

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instruction to our processing system to transmit a corresponding amount to the merchant and confirms that payment has been made. According to Edgar, Dunn & Company, as of November 1, 2012, Qiwi Distribution had the largest number of kiosks in Russia based on the total number of kiosks in the market excluding ATMs.

Visa Qiwi Wallet is an online and mobile payment processing and money transfer system that we offer in Russia that allows accountholders to pay for the products and services of over 40,000 merchants, and to perform peer-to-peer money transfers using a virtual wallet, which effectively replaces a physical wallet in the online and mobile environment. With Visa Qiwi Wallet, consumers can create an online account, or a virtual wallet, in which they can store money deposited from cash or funded from a variety of other sources such as a bank account, credit or debit card, direct payroll deposit or money transfer, that can be used to make payments, purchases and peer-to-peer transfers. Currently, any Visa Qiwi Wallet account can be linked to a Visa prepaid card allowing the accountholder to make purchases at any merchant that accepts Visa worldwide. According to Edgar, Dunn & Company, Visa Qiwi Wallet is one of the leading virtual wallet providers in Russia based on the number of active users in 2011. Prior to November 2012, Visa Qiwi Wallet was branded as Qiwi Wallet. Throughout this prospectus, we refer to our online and mobile payment processing and money transfer business as Qiwi Wallet for historical information prior to November 2012, and as Visa Qiwi Wallet for information following November 2012.

Competitive Strengths

We believe that our combination of a proprietary network and integrated technology platform, a comprehensive suite of differentiated products and services, extensive retail distribution capabilities and a leading brand identity help differentiate us from our competitors and create significant barriers to entry. Our strengths include:

 

   

Market Leadership in Next-Generation Payment Services. We are a pioneer in the large and fast-growing market for next-generation payment services and hold a leading market position in Russia and Kazakhstan, which we have established through our broad retail distribution, large agent and customer base and significant payment volume processed.

 

   

Comprehensive Suite of Differentiated Payment Services. We enable our users to make payments to a large and diversified group of over 40,000 merchants in multiple environments. The breadth of our payment services provides significant convenience to our consumers and utility to our merchants.

 

   

Advanced, Proprietary Technology Platform. We have designed and built an advanced, proprietary technology platform that is versatile and highly scalable, which enables us to connect consumers and merchants seamlessly across our network and provide differentiated capabilities, such as cloud based push payments and targeted marketing services.

 

   

Integrated Physical and Virtual Payment Capabilities. Our large network of over 169,000 kiosks and terminals, and over 11 million virtual wallets and mobile devices allows us to seamlessly provide complementary payment services in both physical and virtual environments, allowing consumers to pay for goods and services across brick and mortar or online environments interchangeably.

 

   

Agent Model and Diverse Distribution Channels. We have built our extensive physical distribution using a proprietary agent model and a virtual network through online channels; the combination of these integrated physical and virtual distribution capabilities is difficult to replicate and represents a significant competitive advantage and barrier to entry for potential competitors.

 

   

Powerful Media and Targeted Marketing Services. We are an innovator in using our kiosks and virtual wallet as a powerful advertising medium and a rich source of user transaction data that are valuable to merchants looking to increase loyalty and influence buying decisions at customer touch points.

 

 

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Strong Compliance and Security Infrastructure. We have built a strong regulatory compliance and security infrastructure that enables us to adapt to legislative and regulatory changes in the emerging markets that we operate in, and is trusted by our consumers, merchants, agents and partners.

Our Growth Strategies

We plan to grow our business by continuing to execute on the following key strategies:

 

   

Increasing the Number of Network Participants. We intend to grow our business by expanding the number of participants in our network and increasing the utilization of our payment services. We intend to do this by enhancing the value of our core payment services, adding new payment services, adding new merchants and introducing new value added services.

 

   

Leverage Scale in Physical Distribution to Expand Adoption and Use of Virtual Services. We intend to leverage our large, active base of consumers that use our kiosks and terminals to drive the adoption and usage of our other payment offerings, such as our virtual Visa Qiwi Wallet and companion Visa prepaid cards.

 

   

Expand Portfolio of Higher Yielding Products and Services. We intend to leverage our existing infrastructure to introduce new, value added, high-margin products and services to address evolving customer demands, to provide cross-selling opportunities and to expand existing value added services, such as targeted marketing and remote banking.

 

   

Enter into New Geographies. We plan to expand our operations into other countries by investing directly in markets where we can leverage our operational experience, franchising our operations, or licensing our technology to selected payment service providers and networks.

 

   

Transition Visa Qiwi Wallet to Multi-Bank Open Model in Russia and Expand Internationally. We intend to make Visa Qiwi Wallet a global online and mobile payment processing and money transfer system through which any Visa member bank will be able to offer a Visa Qiwi Wallet account to its customers.

Risk Factors

Investing in our ADSs involves risks. You should carefully consider the risks described in “Risk Factors” before making a decision to invest in our ADSs. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations would likely be materially adversely affected. In such case, the trading price of our ADSs would likely decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. The following is a summary of some of the principal risks we face:

 

   

The payment services industry is highly competitive, and we have a number of competitors that are larger and have greater financial resources;

 

   

We have experienced a decline in our average net revenue yield and our continued growth will depend on being able to continue to increase our payment volume and to introduce new fees and value added services.

 

   

We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from a few large merchants, in particular Russia’s three biggest mobile network operators;

 

   

We do not control the rates of the fees levied by our agents on consumers;

 

   

Our independent public registered accounting firm identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting during our 2011 audit, and we can provide no assurance that additional material weaknesses will not be identified in the future;

 

   

If consumer confidence in our business deteriorates, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected;

 

 

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A decline in the use of cash as a means of payment may result in a decline in the use of our kiosks and terminals;

 

   

We may not be able to expand into new geographical markets, which could limit our ability to grow and increase our profitability;

 

   

We are subject to extensive government regulation; and

 

   

We are subject to economic risk and business cycles of our merchants and agents and the overall level of consumer spending.

In addition, we expect to face risks and uncertainties related to our corporate structure and doing business in Russia and other emerging markets, including:

 

   

Our dual share capital structure, combined with the concentration of voting power, will result in substantial control over us by our class A shareholders, including our founding shareholders as well as Palmway Holdings Limited, Mail.ru Group Limited and Mitsui & Co., Ltd., and will limit your ability to influence corporate matters;

 

   

You will have limited rights in relation to the appointment of our directors, including our independent directors;

 

   

The rights of our shareholders are governed by Cyprus law and our articles of association, and differ in some important respects from the typical rights of shareholders under U.S. state laws;

 

   

Some of our corporate actions require either a 50% or a 75% shareholder vote, and following this offering, one of our founding shareholders, Saldivar Investments Limited, will alone control in excess of 25% of the voting power of our company and together with other founding shareholders will control in excess of 50% of the voting power of our company;

 

   

Our class A shareholders may have interests and positions that could present potential conflicts with our interests;

 

   

Emerging markets, such as Russia and Kazakhstan, are subject to greater risks than more developed markets, including significant legal, economic and political risks;

 

   

Political and governmental instability could adversely affect the value of investments in Russia; and

 

   

The reversal of reform policies or the implementation of government policies in Russia targeted at specific individuals or companies could harm our business as well as investments in Russia more generally.

Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company

As a company with less than U.S.$1.0 billion in revenue during our last fiscal year, we qualify as an “emerging growth company” pursuant to the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. An emerging growth company may take advantage of specified reduced reporting and other burdens that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. These provisions include exemption from the auditor attestation requirement in the assessment of the emerging growth company’s internal control over financial reporting. The JOBS Act also provides that an emerging growth company need not comply with any new or revised financial accounting standard until such date that a non-reporting company is required to comply with such new or revised accounting standard. However, we have irrevocably elected not to avail ourselves of this exemption. Furthermore, we are not required to present selected financial information or any management’s discussion herein for any period prior to the earliest audited period presented in connection with this prospectus.

 

 

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We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (1) the last day of our fiscal year during which we have total annual gross revenues of at least U.S.$1.0 billion; (2) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this offering; (3) the date on which we have, during the previous 3-year period, issued more than U.S.$1.0 billion in non-convertible debt; or (4) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act. When we are no longer deemed to be an emerging growth company, we will not be entitled to the exemptions provided in the JOBS Act discussed above. If we choose to take advantage of any of these reduced reporting burdens, the information that we provide shareholders may be different than you might get from other public companies.

Our Principal Shareholders

Following the completion of this offering, our officers and directors will beneficially own in the aggregate             % of our total issued share capital and             % of the voting power of our issued share capital. In addition, our shareholders, Mail.ru Group Ltd., or Mail.ru, and Mitsui & Co. Ltd, or Mitsui, will beneficially own in the aggregate, respectively,             % and             % of our total issued share capital and             % and             % of the voting power of our issued share capital. See “Principal and Selling Shareholders” for information regarding beneficial share ownership and voting power of each of our shareholders.

Corporate Information

We were incorporated in Cyprus under the name of OE Investments Limited on February 26, 2007 as a new holding company for CJSC Unified Instant Payments System, or OSMP, which was established in 2004. In 2007, we acquired, among other entities, CJSC e-port and LLC Qiwi Wallet (now QIWI International Payment Services (QIPS) LLC) in exchange for newly issued shares, which represented 35% of our outstanding share capital following the acquisitions. In April 2008, we launched the Qiwi brand, which gradually became the marketing name for our businesses. We changed our name to Qiwi Limited on September 13, 2010, and subsequently to Qiwi plc upon converting to a public limited company on February 25, 2013.

Our primary subsidiaries are CJSC Qiwi Bank, or Qiwi Bank, QIPS LLC and OSMP. We acquired Qiwi Bank in September from a group of our shareholders. QIPS LLC was incorporated in Russia in December 2006, and OSMP was incorporated in Russia in January 2004. Qiwi Bank and QIPS LLC are the primary operating subsidiaries for our Visa Qiwi Wallet business. OSMP is the primary operating subsidiary for our Qiwi Distribution business.

Our principal executive offices are located at Varshavskoe Highway 125, Building 18A, Moscow, 117587, the Russian Federation. Our telephone number at this address is +7 (495) 783 59 59. Our registered office in Cyprus is located at 12-14 Kennedy Ave., Kennedy Business Centre, 2nd Floor, Office 203, 1087, Nicosia, Cyprus. Our telephone number at this address is +357-22-653390. We also have offices in several major cities in Russia and Kazakhstan. Our agent for service of process is Law Debenture Corporate Services Inc.

 

 

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THE OFFERING

 

Public offering price

We currently expect that the initial public offering price will be between U.S.$         and U.S.$         per ADS.

 

ADSs offered by us

We are not selling any ADSs in this offering.

 

ADSs offered by the selling shareholders

                ADSs.

 

The ADSs

Each ADS represents one class B share. The depositary will hold the class B shares underlying your ADSs and you will have rights as provided in the deposit agreement. You may turn in your ADSs to the depositary in exchange for class B shares. The depositary will charge you fees for any exchange. We may amend or terminate the deposit agreement without your consent. If you continue to hold your ADSs, you agree to be bound by the deposit agreement. To better understand the terms of the ADSs, you should carefully read the “Description of American Depositary Shares” section of this prospectus. You should also read the deposit agreement, which is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement that includes this prospectus.

 

ADSs outstanding immediately after this offering

                ADSs

 

Ordinary shares outstanding immediately after this offering

                ordinary shares comprised of (i)                class A shares, and (ii)                class B shares.

 

Over-allotment option

The selling shareholders have granted the underwriters the right to purchase up to an additional                 ADSs within 30 days from the date of this prospectus.

 

Ordinary shares

Holders of class A shares and class B shares have the same rights, including dividend rights, except for voting and conversion rights. In respect of matters requiring shareholder approval, each class B share is entitled to one vote and each class A share is entitled to ten votes. Each class A share is convertible into one class B share at any time by the holder thereof. Class B shares are not convertible into class A shares under any circumstance. Class A shares will automatically convert into the same number of class B shares under certain circumstances including when the aggregate number of class A shares constitutes less than 10% of the aggregate number of class A and class B shares outstanding. For a description of class A shares and class B shares, see “Description of Share Capital.”

 

Depositary

The Bank of New York Mellon

 

Use of proceeds

The selling shareholders will receive all of the net proceeds from the sale of the ADSs offered hereby.

 

 

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Dividend policy

We do not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future. If, however, we declare dividends on our ordinary shares, the depositary will pay you the cash dividends and other distributions it receives on our ordinary shares, after deducting its fees and expenses.

 

Listing

We intend to apply for the listing of our ADSs on                    under the symbol “QIWI.”

 

Lock-up

We, each of our directors and officers, and all of our existing shareholders have agreed with the underwriters, subject to certain exceptions, not to sell, transfer or dispose of any ADSs, ordinary shares or similar securities for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus. In addition, we have instructed the Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary, not to accept any deposit of ordinary shares or issue any ADSs for 180 days after the date of this prospectus (other than in connection with this offering and certain other exceptions), unless we otherwise instruct the depositary with the prior written consent of the representatives of the underwriters. See “Underwriting.”

We base the number of class A and class B shares outstanding after this offering on                class A shares outstanding as of the date of this prospectus and                class B shares outstanding as of the date of this prospectus, which excludes                                         shares of class B shares reserved for future issuance under our employee stock option plan.

Unless otherwise indicated, the information in this prospectus assumes:

 

   

no exercise of underwriters’ over-allotment option to purchase additional ADSs from the selling shareholders; and

 

   

an initial public offering price of U.S.$                     per ADS, being the midpoint of the estimated initial public offering price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus.

 

 

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Summary Consolidated Financial Data

The following tables set forth our summary consolidated financial and other data. You should read the following summary consolidated financial and other data together with the information in “Presentation of Financial and Other Information,” “Selected Consolidated Financial and Other Data,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Risk Factors,” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. Historical results are not indicative of the results to be expected in the future. Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, as published by the International Accounting Standards Board, or the IASB.

The following tables also contain translations of ruble amounts into U.S. dollars for amounts presented as of and for the year ended December 31, 2012. These translations are solely for convenience of the reader and were calculated at the rate of RUB 30.37 per U.S.$1.00, which equals to official exchange rate quoted by the CBR, on December 31, 2012.

The summary consolidated financial data as of and for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements for those periods, which are included in this prospectus.

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2010     2011     2012  
     RUB     RUB     RUB     U.S.$  
     (in millions, except per share data)  

Consolidated Income Statement Data:

  

Revenue

     6,158        8,158        8,911        293   

Cost of revenue

     (3,751     (5,573     (5,454     (180

Selling, general and administrative expenses

     (1,420     (1,543     (1,838     (60

Depreciation and amortization

     (171     (141     (129     (4

Impairment of intangible assets

                   (4       

Profit from operations

     816        901        1,486        49   

Gain on bargain purchase

            15            

Gain/(loss) from disposal of subsidiaries

     7        7        (1       

Change in fair value of derivative financial assets

     9                        

Other income

     21        10        17        1   

Other expenses

     (34     (73     (29     (1

Foreign exchange (loss) gain, net

            (12     (21     (1

Share of loss of associates

            (23     (13     (1

Interest income

     5        6        26        1   

Interest expense

     (3     (4     (9       

Profit before tax from continuing operations

     821        827        1,456        48   

Income tax expense

     (204     (241     (408     (13

Net profit from continuing operations

     617        586        1,048        35   

Gain (loss) from discontinued operations

     138        (156     (240     (8

Net profit

     755        430        808        27   

Attributable to:

        

Equity holders of the parent

     693        520        910        30   

Non-controlling interests

     62        (90     (102     (3

Weighted average number of shares

        

Basic

     52        52        52        n/a   

Diluted

     52        52        52        n/a   

Earnings per share

        

Basic

     13.33        10.00        17.50        0.57   

Diluted

     13.17        10.00        17.50        0.57   

Dividends declared per share

        

RUB

     7.19        8.01        16.67        n/a   

U.S.$

     0.24        0.26        0.55        n/a   

 

 

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     As of December 31,  
     2010      2011      2012  
     RUB      RUB      RUB      U.S.$  
     (in millions)  

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

           

Cash and cash equivalents

     6,892         8,810         9,943         327   

Total current assets

     10,410         12,112         15,607         514   

Total assets

     13,516         15,306         18,709         616   

Total equity

     2,348         2,355         2,499         82   

Total debt

     67         190         65         2   

Total liabilities

     11,168         12,951         16,210         534   

Total equity and liabilities

     13,516         15,306         18,709         616   

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2010     2011     2012  
     RUB     RUB     RUB     U.S.$  
     (in millions, except as otherwise indicated)  

Other Financial and Operating Data:

        

Segment net revenue–Qiwi Distribution(1)

     2,476        2,494        2,845        93   

Segment net revenue–Qiwi Wallet(1)

     296        690        1,241        40   

Other(1)(2)

     27        70        83        3   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted net revenue(3)

     2,799        3,254        4,169        136   

Adjusted EBITDA(3)

     1,067        1,183        1,851        61   

Adjusted net profit(3)

     768        721        1,306        43   

Qiwi Distribution

        

Active kiosks and terminals (units)(4)

     158,867        170,384        169,102        n/a   

Payment volume

     360,683        408,254        464,806        15,303   

Average net revenue yield(5)

     0.69     0.61     0.61     n/a   

Qiwi Wallet

        

Active Qiwi Wallet accounts (number at period end)(6)

     5,979,057        8,147,376        11,425,813        n/a   

Payment volume

     26,669        65,409        151,508        4,988   

Average volume per Qiwi Wallet account(7)

     4,460        8,028        13,260        431   

Average net revenue yield(5)

     1.11     1.05     0.82     n/a   

 

 

(1) See note 9 of our annual consolidated financial statements.
(2) Other includes our corporate and other segment, intercompany eliminations, and timing of expense recognition.
(3) See “Selected Consolidated Financial and Other Data—Non-IFRS Financial Measures” for how we define and calculate adjusted net revenue, adjusted EBITDA, and adjusted net profit as non-IFRS financial measures and reconciliations of these measures to revenue, in the case of adjusted net revenue, and net profit, in the case of adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net profit.
(4) We measure the numbers of our kiosks and terminals on a daily basis, with only those kiosks and terminals being taken into calculation through which at least one payment has been processed during the day, which we refer to as active kiosks and terminals. The period end numbers of our kiosks and terminals are calculated as an average of the amount of active kiosks and terminals for the last 30 days of the respective reporting period.
(5) Average net revenue yield is defined as segment net revenue divided by total payment volume per segment.
(6) Number of active Qiwi Wallet accounts is defined as the number of wallets through which at least one payment has been made or that have been loaded or reloaded in the 12 months preceding the end of the relevant reporting period.
(7) Average volume per Qiwi Wallet account is defined as total payment volumes in our Qiwi Wallet segment divided by the number of active wallets at the end of the relevant reporting period.

Non-IFRS Financial Measures

We present adjusted net revenue, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net profit, each of which are non-IFRS financial measures. You should not consider these non-IFRS financial measures as substitutes for or superior to revenue, in the case of adjusted net revenue, or net profit, in the case of adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net profit, each prepared in accordance with IFRS. Furthermore, because these non-IFRS financial measures are not

 

 

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determined in accordance with IFRS, they are susceptible to varying calculations and may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures presented by other companies. We encourage investors and others to review our financial information in its entirety and not rely on a single financial measure.

Adjusted net revenue

Adjusted net revenue is calculated by subtracting cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) from revenue and adding back payroll and related taxes. Adjusted net revenue is a key measure used by management to observe our operational profitability since it reflects our portion of the revenue net of fees that we pass through primarily to our agents. In addition, under IFRS, consumer fees are recorded as net revenue whereas merchant fees are recorded as gross revenue. Therefore, in order to analyze our two sources of payment processing fees on a comparative basis, management reviews adjusted net revenue in addition to gross revenue. We add back payroll and related taxes because, although they are an essential part of our distribution network, these expenses are not directly linked to payment volume. Nevertheless, payroll and related taxes represent an important portion of our operating costs and affect liquidity and financial performance.

The following table reconciles adjusted net revenue to revenue.

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2010     2011     2012  
     RUB     RUB     RUB     U.S.$  
     (in millions)  

Revenue

     6,158        8,158        8,911        293   

Minus: Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

     (3,751     (5,573     (5,454     (180

Plus: Payroll and related taxes

     392        669        712        23   

Adjusted net revenue

     2,799        3,254        4,169        136   

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net profit before income tax expense, interest expense, interest income and depreciation and amortization, as further adjusted for (loss) gain from discontinued operations, share of loss of an associate, foreign exchange (loss) gain, net, change in fair value of derivative financial assets, other expenses, other income, gain from disposal of subsidiaries, corporate costs allocated to discontinued operations and gain from bargain purchase. We present adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental performance measure because we believe that it facilitates operating performance comparisons from period to period and company to company by backing out potential differences caused by variations in capital structures (affecting interest expenses, net), changes in foreign exchange rates that impact financial asset and liabilities denominated in currencies other than our functional currency (affecting foreign exchange (loss) gain, net), tax positions (such as the impact on periods or companies of changes in effective tax rates), reversal of impairments (affecting other income), the age and book depreciation of fixed assets (affecting relative depreciation expense), non-cash charges (affecting share-based payments expenses), and certain one-time expenses (affecting offering expenses). Adjusted EBITDA also excludes other expenses and share in losses of associates because we believe it is helpful to view the performance of our business excluding the impact of entities that we do not control, and because our share of the net income (loss) of associates and other expenses includes items that have other been excluded from adjusted EBITDA (such as finance expenses, net, tax on income and depreciation and amortization). In addition, adjusted EBITDA excludes the non-cash impact of changes in the fair value of derivate financial assets and of discontinued operations that we do not believe reflect the underlying performance of our business. Because adjusted EBITDA facilitates internal comparisons of operating performance on a more consistent basis, we also use adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income in measuring our performance relative to that of our competitors.

 

 

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Some limitations of adjusted EBITDA are:

 

   

adjusted EBITDA does not reflect income tax payments that may represent a reduction in cash available to us;

 

   

adjusted EBITDA does not include other income, other expense and foreign exchange gains and losses;

 

   

adjusted EBITDA excludes depreciation and amortization and although these are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future; and

 

   

adjusted EBITDA does not include gains and losses from discontinued operations.

The following table reconciles adjusted EBITDA to net profit.

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2010     2011     2012  
     RUB     RUB     RUB     U.S.$  
     (in millions)  

Net Profit

     755        430        808        27   

plus:

        

Depreciation and amortization

     171        141        129        4   

Gain on bargain purchase

            (15              

Gains on disposals

     (7     (7     1          

Other income

     (21     (10     (17     (1

Other expenses

     34        73        29        1   

Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments

     (9                     

Foreign exchange (loss) gain, net

            12        21        1   

Share of loss of associates

            23        13        1   

Interest income

     (5     (6     (26     (1

Interest expenses

     3        4        9          

Income tax expenses

     204        241        408        13   

Corporate costs allocated to discontinued operations

     80        141        61        2   

Offering expenses

                   109        4   

Share-based payments expenses

                   66        2   

Gain/ (loss) from discontinued operations

     (138     156        240        8   

Adjusted EBITDA

     1,067        1,183        1,851        61   

Adjusted net profit

Adjusted net profit is defined as net profit excluding loss on discontinued operations (net of tax), corporate costs allocated to discontinued operations, amortization of fair value adjustments, gain on bargain purchase, gains on disposals, and the effects of deferred taxation on those excluded items. Adjusted net profit is a key measure used by management to observe the operational profitability of the company. We believe adjusted net profit is useful to an investor in evaluating our operating performance because it is widely used by investors, securities analysts and other interested parties to measure a company’s operating performance without the effect of non-recurring items or items that are not core to our operations. For example, loss on discontinued operations, corporate costs allocated to discontinued operations, gain on bargain purchase, gains on disposals, the effects of deferred taxation on excluded items and offering expenses do not represent the core operations of the business, and amortization of fair value adjustments and share-based payments expenses do not have a substantial cash effect. Nevertheless, such gains and losses can affect our financial performance.

 

 

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The following table reconciles adjusted net profit to net profit.

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2010     2011     2012  
     RUB     RUB     RUB     U.S.$  
     (in millions)  

Net profit

     755        430        808        27   

Gain/(loss) from discontinued operations

     (138     156        240        8   

Corporate costs allocated to discontinued operations

     80        141        61        2   

Amortization of fair value adjustments

     118        51        42        1   

Gain on bargain purchase

            (15              

Gains on disposals

     (7     (7     1          

Offering expenses

                   109        4   

Share-based payments expenses

                   66        2   

Effect of deferred taxation of the above items

     (40     (35     (21     (1

Adjusted net profit

     768        721        1,306        43   

 

 

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in the ADSs offered by this prospectus involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below with all of the other information included in this prospectus before making a decision whether to invest in the ADSs. If any of the following risks actually occurs, it may materially harm our business, results of operations or financial condition. In this event, the market price of the ADSs could decline and you could lose part or all of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

The payment services industry is highly competitive, and we have a number of competitors that are larger and have greater financial resources.

The payment services industry is highly competitive, and our continued growth depends on our ability to compete effectively. In the countries in which we operate, we face competition from a variety of financial and non-financial business groups. These competitors include retail banks, non-traditional payment service providers (such as retailers and MNOs), traditional kiosk and terminal operators and electronic payment system operators, as well as other companies which provide various forms of payment services, including electronic payment and payment processing services. Competitors in our industry seek to differentiate themselves by features and functionalities such as speed, convenience, network size, accessibility, hours of operation, reliability and price. A significant number of our competitors have greater financial, technological and marketing resources than we have, operate robust networks and are highly regarded by consumers.

In Russia, we face significant competition from major retail banks for our services, including those provided by both our Qiwi Distribution and Visa Qiwi Wallet businesses. Our primary competitors include Sberbank, Russia’s largest retail bank that is majority-owned by the Russian state, and Alfa-Bank, one of the leading privately owned Russian retail banks, both of which have electronic banking systems and large retail networks. Some retail banks are currently developing their own networks of kiosks and terminals and various electronic payment products. Sberbank, for example, has stated that its strategic goals include the promotion of alternative banking channels, such as kiosks, internet banking and mobile banking, and has recently acquired a majority stake in Yandex.Money, a major electronic payment system operator in Russia, to further develop its online payment services capabilities. Sberbank has access to significant financial resources and an extensive nationwide network of branches that can serve as a platform for the expansion of its kiosk business. Sberbank is the largest processor of utility bill payments, which constitutes a very significant portion of overall consumer spending in our industry. These factors may give Sberbank a substantial competitive advantage over us if it pursues its strategy of establishing a broad kiosk network, internet banking and mobile banking businesses.

Our competitors also include the Russian Federal State Unitary Enterprise Postal Service, or Russian Post, which offers certain payment services. Russian Post’s geographical penetration is more dispersed than our Qiwi Distribution network. As a state-sponsored institution, we believe that it is able to provide payment services at significantly lower prices than we are able to match profitably. If any of our competitors with a broad network of branches, including Sberbank, Alfa-Bank or Russian Post, were to establish or actively pursue a kiosk and terminal business, we would lose many of our consumers and the margins in our Qiwi Distribution business could be harmed. We also face competition from non-traditional payment service providers that have substantial financial resources, such as major telecommunication and media devices retailers, including Euroset and Svyaznoy, as well as MNOs, in particular the Russian “Big Three” MNOs, MegaFon, VimpelCom and MTS. We also compete against some directly comparable businesses, such as traditional kiosk and terminal operators, including OJSC Cyberplat, and OJSC Elecsnet, and electronic payment system operators (primarily Yandex.Money and WebMoney). Sberbank’s recent acquisition of a majority interest in Yandex.Money may provide substantial benefits for both parties and increase their combined market share. New competitors may penetrate the Russian electronic payment market as well, including established international players such as PayPal, Western Union and Moneygram. In March 2013, eBay Inc. announced that its subsidiary PayPal applied for a Non-Banking Credit Institution license from the CBR in order to conduct business in Russia. Additionally,

 

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some of our competitors are currently our major merchants (the Big Three MNOs) or our agents (for example, Svyaznoy), and are responsible for a substantial amount of our business. If we are unable to compete successfully for consumers, agents and merchants, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

We have experienced a decline in our average net revenue yield and our continued growth will depend on being able to continue to increase our payment volume and to introduce new fees and value added services.

One of the key measures we use to assess our financial performance is our average net revenue yield, which we calculate by dividing segment net revenue by the total size, or payment volume, of the transactions we process on a per segment basis. Our average net revenue yield has declined in our Qiwi Wallet operating segment and in our Qiwi Distribution operating segment over the three-year period ended December 31, 2012. The decline in our average net revenue yields has been driven by a decline in merchant fees from our larger retail merchants, in particular the Big Three MNOs, who are seeking to reduce costs. Additionally, in our Qiwi Wallet segment, the decline in average net revenue yield over the three-year period ended December 31, 2012 has been driven by increased costs that we bear when Qiwi Wallet consumers reload their wallets. In response to the decline in merchant fees we introduced consumer fees that are collected by our agents. The shift from merchant-paid processing fees to consumer-paid processing fees, however, presents us with a number of challenges. Since consumers, and not merchants, increasingly bear additional cost of using our network, we must continue to ensure that our payment processing system provides a more convenient and attractive option than alternative systems that may not require payment by the consumer of a processing fee. Retail banks and various payment service providers are constantly developing low to zero-commission payment channels for their consumers. To attract consumers, we also offer certain services on a commission-free basis, such as peer-to-peer transfers within Visa Qiwi Wallet. Despite our efforts, consumers may still choose to use other payment systems, even if they do not offer the convenience that we do, because they charge lower fees. In addition, because agents are able to switch between different payment processing systems, we may face additional pressure to reduce the fees we receive from consumers due to increased competition from other payment service providers. We may not be able to continue to offset the decline in merchant fees or maintain current levels of profitability by introducing new consumer fees or increasing existing fees. As a result, in order to continue to stabilize our average net revenue yield and drive our profitability, we must increase our payment volume at a rate faster than the decline in average net payment processing fees. Our ability to maintain and grow our profitability also depends in part on the development and enhancement of our services offering through the addition of new value added services, which we view as another means to offset the decline in merchant fees. We cannot assure you that we will be able to increase our payment volumes or that any value added services we introduce will be profitable. Continued decline in our average net revenue yield as a result of these or other factors would cause our financial condition and results of operations to deteriorate.

We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from a few large merchants, in particular the Big Three MNOs.

Our merchant base is significantly concentrated, with the Big Three MNOs, MegaFon, VimpelCom and MTS, together accounting for 19% of our revenue for year ended December 31, 2012 and historically account for a higher percentage. Our operating results will continue to depend on the Big Three MNOs’ continued use of our services for the foreseeable future. While we believe that we have generally enjoyed good commercial relations with each of these companies, there can be no assurance that the Big Three MNOs will renew their contracts with us on terms no less favorable than those we currently have. In addition, the Big Three MNOs may seek to reduce costs by decreasing their dependence on us as a payment acceptance channel and to drive their consumers to other channels that may offer more competitive pricing terms or increased convenience. In particular, the Big Three MNOs promote post-payment tariff plans and payments through automatic withdrawal of funds from a consumer’s bank account when the mobile phone account needs to be reloaded. They are also actively developing their own alternative payment methods, such as mobile banking and acceptance of payments through their retail networks. As a result of increased bargaining power due to these factors, the Big Three MNOs have been able to negotiate the reduction, and in some cases virtual elimination, of the merchant fees that they pay us,

 

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which has resulted in us moving to a consumer fee and value added services driven revenue model. All of these factors could contribute to a deterioration in, or termination of, our relationships with one or all the Big Three MNOs. If we lose any of our key merchants, including the Big Three MNOs, and are unable to replace this business, or if our current terms of doing business with any of these merchants becomes significantly less favorable, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected.

We do not control the rates of the fees levied by our agents on consumers.

Our agents pay us an agreed fee using a portion of the fees levied by them on consumers. The fee paid to us by the agent is based on a percentage of the value of each transaction that we process. However, in most cases the amount of fees levied by an agent on a consumer for each particular transaction is determined by such agent at its own discretion. We usually do not cap the amount of such fees or otherwise control it. We believe that the fees set by our agents are market-driven, and that our interests and our agents’ interests are aligned with a view to maintaining fees at a level that would simultaneously result in our agents’ profitability and customer satisfaction. However, we can provide no assurance that our agents will not raise fees to a level that will adversely affect the popularity of our products among consumers. At the same time, if we are forced to cap customer fees to protect the strength of our brand or otherwise, we may lose a significant number of agents, which would reduce the penetration of our Qiwi Distribution network. In limited instances, we have introduced such caps at the request of our merchants. No assurance can be made that this trend will not increase. Material increases in customer fees by our agents or the imposition of caps on the rates of such fees by us could have an adverse effect on the business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our independent public registered accounting firm identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting during our 2011 audit, and we can provide no assurance that additional material weaknesses will not be identified in the future.

Our internal controls relating to preparation of our financial statements have not kept pace with the changes in and increasing scope and volume of our business. Our financial reporting function and system of internal controls is less developed in certain respects than those of payment service providers that operate in more developed markets and may not provide our management with as much or as accurate or timely information. The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or PCAOB, has defined a material weakness as “a significant deficiency, or combination of significant deficiencies, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim statements will not be prevented or detected.” In connection with their audit of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011, our independent registered public accounting firm identified a material weakness in our internal controls with respect to our financial statement closing process. The material weakness related primarily to the number of dedicated IFRS-qualified personnel and controls over accounting for non-routine transactions and complex estimates. This material weakness was considered in determining the nature, timing and extent of the procedures performed by our independent registered public accounting firm in their audit of our annual consolidated financial statements, and did not affect the report of our independent registered public accounting firm on our annual consolidated financial statements included herein.

To address the material weakness that our independent registered accountants identified, we developed and implemented a plan that included implementing greater controls over communication, approval and accounting for non-routine transactions and complex estimates, as well as additional management review controls. We also hired an external consultant to advise us on introducing changes to our internal control over financial reporting and to participate in management review of the financial statements and related supporting financial information. In the future, we plan to recruit additional qualified personnel or an external consultant with relevant experience in IFRS accounting, reporting and auditing.

As a result of our efforts we remediated the related material weakness as of December 31, 2012. No other material weaknesses were identified by our independent registered public accounting firm as a result of their audit of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2012. Nevertheless, we can give

 

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no assurance that additional material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal

control over financial reporting will not be identified in the future. Our failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could result in errors in our financial statements that could result in a restatement of financial statements, cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, leading to a decline in the market price of our ADSs.

If consumer confidence in our business deteriorates, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our business is built on consumers’ confidence in our brands, as well as our ability to provide fast, reliable payment services, including electronic payment and payment processing services. As a consumer business, the strength of our brand and reputation are of paramount importance to us. A number of factors could adversely affect consumer confidence in our brand, many of which are beyond our control, and could have an adverse impact on our results of operations. These factors include:

 

   

any regulatory action or investigation against us;

 

   

any significant interruption to our systems and operations; and

 

   

any breach of our security system or any compromises of consumer data.

In addition, we are largely dependent on our agents and franchisees to which we license our products to maintain the reputation of our brand. Despite the measures that we put in place to ensure their compliance with our performance standards, our lack of control over their operations may result in the low quality of service of a particular agent or franchisee being attributed to our brand, negatively affecting our overall reputation. Furthermore, negative publicity surrounding any assertion that our agents and/or merchants are implicated in fraudulent transactions, irrespective of the accuracy of such publicity or its connection with our current operations or business, could harm our reputation.

Any event that hurts our brand and reputation among consumers as a reliable payment services provider could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

A decline in the use of cash as a means of payment may result in a decline in the use of our kiosks and terminals.

Substantially all of our business is in emerging markets, including Russia and Kazakhstan, where a substantial part of the population relies on cash payments, rather than credit and debit card payments or electronic banking. For example, according to Edgar, Dunn & Company, Russia remains a cash dominated society for retail consumer payments with approximately 94% of the value of these payments exchanged in cash in 2011. We believe that consumers making cash payments are more likely to use our kiosks and terminals than where alternative payment methods are available. As a result, we believe that our profitability depends on the use of cash as a means of payment. There can be no assurance that over time, the prevalence of cash payments will not decline as a greater percentage of the population in emerging markets adopts credit and debit card payments and electronic banking. The shift from cash payments to credit and debit card payments and electronic banking could reduce our market share and payment volumes, and may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may not be able to expand into new geographical markets, which could limit our ability to grow and increase our profitability.

Our long-term strategy includes entering into new geographical markets. Our expansion into new geographical markets depends on our ability to apply our existing technology or to develop new applications to meet the particular needs of each new market or country. We may not have adequate financial, technological or personnel and management resources to develop effective and secure services or distribution channels that will

 

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satisfy the demands of these new markets. We may not be able to establish partnerships with merchants or to attract agents to invest in new geographical markets. If we fail to enter new markets or countries, we may not be able to continue to grow our revenues and earnings. Furthermore, we may expand into new geographical markets in which we may not have any previous operating experience. We operate in an industry that is often subject to significant regulation, and our lack of familiarity with the regulatory landscape in new markets may result in our running into unanticipated problems or delays in obtaining the requisite regulatory approvals and licenses. We may not be able to successfully expand in such markets due to our lack of experience. In addition, expanding internationally subjects us to a number of risks, including:

 

   

greater difficulty in managing foreign operations;

 

   

expenses associated with localizing our products, including offering consumers the ability to transact in major currencies;

 

   

higher labor costs and problems integrating employees that we hire in different countries into our existing corporate culture;

 

   

laws and business practices that favor local competitors;

 

   

multiple and changing laws, tax regimes and government regulations;

 

   

foreign currency restrictions and exchange rate fluctuations;

 

   

changes in a specific country’s or region’s political or economic conditions; and

 

   

differing intellectual property laws.

In addition, our global operations expose us to numerous and sometimes conflicting legal and regulatory requirements, and violations or unfavorable interpretation by authorities of these regulations could harm our business. In particular, we are exposed to the risk of being deemed to have permanent establishment in a specific country and transfer pricing risks which could result in additional tax liability.

If we are not able to manage these and multiple other risks associated with global operations successfully, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

We are subject to extensive government regulation.

Our business is impacted by laws and regulations that affect our industry, the number of which has increased significantly in recent years. We are subject to a variety of regulations aimed at preventing money laundering and financing criminal activity and terrorism, financial services regulations, payment services regulations, consumer protection laws, currency control regulations, and privacy and data protection laws. Further, these laws and regulations vary significantly from country to country. Many of these laws and regulations are constantly evolving, and are often unclear and inconsistent with other applicable laws and regulations, including across various jurisdictions, making compliance challenging and increasing our related operating costs and legal risks. In particular, there has been increased public attention and heightened legislation and regulations regarding money laundering and terrorist financing. We sometimes have to make significant judgment calls in applying anti-money laundering legislation and risk being found in non-compliance with it. For example, Russian anti-money laundering legislation prescribes mandatory identification of a client for any transaction that exceeds RUB 15,000. We sometimes process payments made by our consumers from their Visa Qiwi Wallet accounts for an aggregate total amount in excess of that threshold. Such payments are processed by our software as several simultaneous transfers, which allows us to effect them without formal identification of the payer and, accordingly, be in technical compliance with applicable laws. There can be no assurance, however, that such practices will not be expressly prohibited in the future. In January 2013 the head of the Russian drug enforcement agency requested that the Central Bank of Russia and the Ministry of Finance introduce legislation that would prescribe mandatory identification of a client for any transaction, including those that do not exceed RUB 15,000. Although this regulation has not yet been introduced or implemented, if it does eventually go into effect, it could affect our ability to process such payments in an efficient manner or increase our costs related to such payments. In addition, there can be no assurance that our subsidiary in Kazakhstan will not be deemed

 

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subject to regulation under Kazakh banking laws and law on payments and money transfers and, as a result, required to hold a special banking license and perform required financial monitoring of all the effected transactions. If local authorities in Russia, Kazakhstan or other countries choose to enforce specific interpretations of the applicable legislation that differ from ours, we may be found to be in violation and subject to penalties or other liabilities. This could also limit our ability in effecting such payments going forward and may increase our cost of doing business.

In some jurisdictions where we operate, there is currently little or virtually no legislation addressing electronic payments, and no assurance can be made that if such legislation is adopted it will be beneficial to our business. For instance, if a statutory cap is imposed on the fees that can be charged to the consumers using our kiosks and terminals, it could significantly reduce the margins in our Qiwi Distribution business. In November 2012, a proposal was submitted to the Russian State Duma to cap the amount of such fees at 1% for payments not exceeding RUB 1,000. This proposal has not been officially considered yet, but if it eventually becomes law, our Qiwi Distribution business in Russia could experience a decline in net revenue. In addition, there is significant uncertainty regarding future legislation on taxation of electronic payments in most of the countries in which we operate, including in respect of the place of taxation. Subsequent legislation and regulation and interpretations thereof, litigation, court rulings, or other events could expose us to increased costs, liability and reputational damage that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to economic risk and business cycles of our merchants and agents and the overall level of consumer spending.

The payment services industry depends heavily on the overall level of consumer spending. We are exposed to general economic conditions that affect consumer confidence, consumer spending, consumer discretionary income or changes in consumer purchasing habits. A reduction in the amount of consumer spending could result in a decrease in our revenue and profits. If our merchants make fewer sales of their products and services using our services or consumers spend less money per transaction, we will have fewer transactions to process at lower amounts, resulting in lower revenue. A further weakening in the economy could have a negative impact on our merchants, as well as consumers who purchase products and services using our payment processing systems, which could, in turn, negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations, particularly if the recessionary environment disproportionately affects some of the market segments that represent a larger portion of our payment processing volume. In addition, a further weakening in the economy could force some of our merchants and/or agents to close or go bankrupt, or could cause our agents to reduce the number of their locations or hours of operation, resulting in future transaction declines. We also have a certain amount of fixed costs, including salaries and rent, which could limit our ability to adjust costs and respond quickly to changes in our business and the economy. Changes in economic conditions could adversely impact our future revenues and profits and cause a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We have grown rapidly in recent years and need to implement enhanced compliance processes, procedures and controls with respect to the rules and regulations that apply to our business.

Our business has grown rapidly in recent years and we need to realign our compliance function with the size of our business. In light of the fact that we are a highly regulated business that processes large volumes of payments, we need to implement enhanced processes, procedures and controls in order to provide reasonable assurance that we are operating in compliance with applicable regulatory requirements. In particular, the Russian anti-money laundering laws to which we and Qiwi Bank are subject contain numerous requirements with respect to identification of clients, and documentation and reporting of transactions subject to mandatory control and other suspicious transactions to the relevant authorities.

Following this offering we will also be subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or the FCPA, which prohibits U.S. companies and their intermediaries from bribing foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or keeping business or otherwise obtaining favorable treatment, and other laws concerning our international operations. Similar legislation in other jurisdictions contains similar prohibitions, although varying

 

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in both scope and jurisdiction. We do not have a fully developed FCPA compliance program and will need to implement such a program, including measures that require our agents to comply with the FCPA.

We have neither an established operating history nor proven management experience in establishing and maintaining, over the long term, the required processes, procedures and controls. Our success requires significant public confidence in our ability to handle large and growing payment volumes and amounts of consumer funds, as well as comply with applicable regulatory requirements. Any failure to manage consumer funds or to comply with applicable regulatory requirements could result in the imposition of fines, harm our reputation and significantly diminish use of our products.

If we cannot keep pace with rapid developments and change in our industry and provide new services to our clients, the use of our services could decline, reducing our revenues.

The payment services industry in which we operate is characterized by rapid technological change, new product and service introductions, evolving industry standards, changing customer needs and the entrance of more established market players seeking to expand into these businesses. In order to remain competitive, we continually seek to expand our service offering and develop new projects, including, for example, the development of remote banking and loyalty programs. These projects carry risks, such as delays in delivery, performance problems and lack of customer acceptance. In our industry, these risks are acute. Any delay in the delivery of new services or the failure to differentiate our services or to accurately predict and address market demand could render our services less desirable, or even obsolete, to consumers. In addition, if alternative payment mechanisms become widely available, substituting our current products and services, and we do not develop and offer similar alternative payment mechanisms successfully and on a timely basis, our business and prospects could be adversely affected. Furthermore, we may be unable to recover the costs we have incurred in developing new services targeted. Our development efforts could result in increased costs and we could also experience a loss in business that could reduce our earnings or could cause a loss of revenue if promised new services are not timely delivered to our clients, are not able to compete effectively with our competitors’ or do not perform as anticipated. In order to remain competitive in an innovative industry such as ours, we have to make investments in start-up companies or undertake large research and development initiatives. In January 2013, we launched Qiwi Venture, an internal department of our company responsible for identifying start-ups which offer innovative solutions complementary to our business and making investments into them, with the threshold for such investments initially set at U.S.$1 million per project and no overall maximum for total investments. If our investments in start-up companies or research and development initiatives do not yield the expected results, we may lose money, time and effort invested. If we are unable to develop, adapt to or access technological changes or evolving industry standards on a timely and cost effective basis, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Our systems and our third party providers’ systems may fail due to factors beyond our control, which could interrupt our service, cause us to lose business and increase our costs.

We depend on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of numerous systems, including our computer systems, software and telecommunications networks, as well as the data centers that we lease from third parties. Our systems and operations, or those of our third party providers, could be exposed to damage or interruption from, among other things, fire, flood, natural disaster, power loss, telecommunications failure, vendor failure, unauthorized entry, improper operation and computer viruses. In addition, because both of our data centers used for processing payments are located in the city of Moscow, a catastrophic event affecting the city of Moscow may result in the loss of both data centers. Substantial property and equipment loss, and disruption in operations as well as any defects in our systems or those of third parties or other difficulties could expose us to liability and materially adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, any outage or disruptive efforts could adversely impact our reputation, brand and future prospects.

Unauthorized disclosure of data, whether through cybersecurity breaches, computer viruses or otherwise, could expose us to liability, protracted and costly litigation and damage our reputation.

We store and/or transmit sensitive data, such as credit or debit card numbers and mobile phone numbers, and we have ultimate liability to our consumers for our failure to protect this data. We have experienced breaches

 

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of our security by hackers in the past, and breaches could occur in the future. In such circumstances, our encryption of data and other protective measures have not prevented unauthorized access and may not be sufficient to prevent future unauthorized access. We have not incurred material losses or liabilities as a result of breaches that have happened to date. However, any future breach of our system, including through employee fraud, may subject us to material losses or liability, including fines and claims for unauthorized purchases with misappropriated credit or debit card information, identity theft, impersonation or other similar fraud claims. A misuse of such data or a cybersecurity breach could harm our reputation and deter clients from using electronic payments as well as kiosks and terminals generally and our services specifically, increase our operating expenses in order to correct the breaches or failures, expose us to uninsured liability, increase our risk of regulatory scrutiny, subject us to lawsuits, result in the imposition of material penalties and fines by state authorities and otherwise materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we fail to comply with the applicable requirements of our agreements with Visa Inc., Visa could seek to fine us, suspend us or terminate our registrations.

Under our agreements with Visa, we are required to comply with the terms of both those agreements and Visa’s International Operating Regulations. If we do not comply with the agreements or these regulations, Visa could seek to fine us, suspend us or terminate the registrations that allow us to process transactions on its network. In addition, under our agreements with Visa, Visa is entitled to terminate the agreements in case of material breach by us or if it determines the agreements are contrary to its interests. If we are in breach of the agreements or Visa otherwise terminates its agreements with us, we may be unable to issue Visa-branded prepaid cards or continue to operate under the “Visa Qiwi Wallet” brand, which could have a material adverse effect on our Visa Qiwi Wallet business and our business as a whole. The termination of our registration, or any changes in the payment network rules that would impair our registration, could prevent us from issuing Visa-branded prepaid cards or operating under the “Visa Qiwi Wallet” brand, thereby reducing the number of transactions made though Visa Qiwi Wallet. Any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, as well as on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The cost to us of consumers reloading their Visa Qiwi Wallet accounts may increase.

We make available to our consumers a large variety of methods to reload the Visa Qiwi Wallet accounts, including, among others, bank cards, kiosks and terminals, ATMs and mobile payments. The reload methods have different cost implications for us. For example, on payments made through the kiosks and terminals owned by our agents, we pay lower fees for reloading the Visa Qiwi Wallet than on payments made from bank cards. We currently do not attempt to direct consumer preferences towards particular reload methods. If their preferences shift towards reload methods that come at a higher cost to us, the margins of our Visa Qiwi Wallet segment could be adversely affected, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Qiwi Bank is subject to supervision and examination by Russian banking regulators.

In September 2010, we acquired Qiwi Bank from certain of our shareholders. Qiwi Bank provides issuing, acquiring and deposit settlement functions within our group. All banks operating in Russia are subject to extensive regulation and supervision. Requirements imposed by regulators, including capital adequacy, liquidity reserves, prudential ratios, loss provisions and other regulatory requirements are designed to ensure the integrity of the financial markets and to protect consumers and other third parties with whom a bank deals. These regulations may limit our activities, and may increase our costs of doing business, or require us to seek additional capital in order to comply with applicable capital adequacy or liquidity requirements. Existing laws and regulations could be amended, the manner in which laws and regulations are enforced or interpreted could change and new laws or regulations could be adopted. Any breach of applicable regulations could expose us to potential liability and other sanctions, including in the extreme case the revocation of the general banking license. Revocation of our banking license could significantly hinder our ability to process payments, and would result in a decrease of our profitability, damage our reputation and could cause other regulators to increase their scrutiny

 

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of our activities. Furthermore, under our individual agreement with Visa and under its regulations, Qiwi Bank represents, among other things, that it is in good standing and has been granted all necessary authorizations from applicable governmental and regulatory authorities to operate a Visa card program. If Qiwi Bank’s license is revoked or it loses its authorization to operate a Visa card program, Visa could terminate its agreement with us. For these reasons, any breach of laws and regulations by Qiwi Bank or the revocation of its banking license could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Customer complaints or negative publicity about our customer service could affect attractiveness of our product adversely and, as a result, could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Customer complaints or negative publicity about our customer service could diminish consumer confidence in, and the attractiveness of, our services. Breaches of our consumers’ privacy and our security systems could have the same effect. We sometimes take measures to combat risks of fraud and breaches of privacy and security, such as freezing consumer funds, which could damage relations with our consumers. These measures heighten the need for prompt and attentive customer service to resolve irregularities and disputes. In addition we have previously received negative media coverage regarding customer disputes. Effective customer service requires significant personnel expense, and this expense, if not managed properly, could impact our profitability significantly. Any inability by us to manage or train our customer service representatives properly could compromise our ability to handle customer complaints effectively. If we do not handle customer complaints effectively, our reputation may suffer and we may lose our customers’ confidence, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our agreements with our agents and our merchants do not include exclusivity clauses and may be terminated unilaterally at any time or at short notice.

We normally do not include exclusivity clauses in our agreements with agents or merchants. Accordingly, our merchants and agents do not have any restrictions on dealings with other providers and can switch from our payment processing system to another without significant investment. Additionally, due to mandatory provisions of Russian civil law, our agreements with agents may be unilaterally terminated by the agents at any time, and our agreements with merchants may be unilaterally terminated by the merchants upon one month’s prior notice. The termination of our contracts with existing agents or merchants or a significant decline in the amount of business we do with them as a result of our contracts not having exclusivity clauses could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our payment system might be used for fraudulent, illegal or improper purposes, which could expose us to additional liability and harm our business.

Despite measures we have taken and continue to take, our payment system remains susceptible to potentially illegal or improper uses. These may include use of our payment services in connection with fraudulent sales of goods or services, illicit sales of prescription medications or controlled substances, software and other intellectual property piracy, money laundering, bank fraud and prohibited sales of restricted products. In the past there have been news articles on how organized crime groups have used our payment services to transfer money in the course of illegal transactions. In particular, in February 2013 it was reported by the media that the Moscow Arbitration Court upheld a RUB 289 million tax claim against LLC Rusal Folga, a subsidiary of the major Russian aluminum producer Rusal, confirming that in 2008-2009 LLC Rusal Folga used shell firms for tax evasion. Some of these shell firms acted as our agents and cashed out money via Qiwi kiosks. Criminals are using increasingly sophisticated methods to engage in illegal activities such as counterfeiting and fraud. It is possible that incidents of fraud could increase in the future. Our risk management policies and procedures may not be fully effective to identify, monitor and manage these risks. We are not able to monitor in each case the sources for our counterparties’ funds or the ways in which they use them. Increases in chargebacks or other liability could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, an increase in fraudulent transactions or publicity regarding chargeback disputes could harm our reputation and reduce consumer confidence in the use of our kiosks and terminals and virtual wallets.

 

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Our business is exposed to counterparty and credit risks.

We seek to sell services on a prepayment basis or to ensure that our counterparties have low credit risk profiles, such as large merchants and agents. Nevertheless, we are exposed to the risk of non-payment or other default under our contracts with our agents and merchants. If we provide trade credit to an agent and we are unable to collect proceeds paid to the agent by its consumers due to the agent’s insolvency, fraud or otherwise, we must nonetheless complete the payment to the merchant on behalf of the consumer. As a result, our losses would not be limited to a loss of revenue in the form of fees due to us from the agent, but could amount to the entire amount of consumer payments accepted by such agent for a certain period of time.

We also have significant receivables due from some of our merchants, and may not recover these receivables in the event of such merchants’ bankruptcy or otherwise. As of December 31, 2012, we had credit exposure to our agents of RUB 1,130 million and to our merchants of RUB 2,161 million. While our receivables from merchants are unsecured and non-interest bearing, our receivables from agents are generally interest-bearing and are secured by collateral. Although we monitor the creditworthiness of our counterparties on an ongoing basis, there can be no assurance that the models and approaches we use to assess and monitor their creditworthiness will be sufficiently predictive, and we may be unable to detect and take steps to timely mitigate an increased credit risk. If we experience material defaults by our agents and/or merchants, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Regulatory authorities in Russia and Kazakhstan could determine that we hold a dominant position in our markets, and could impose limitations on our operational flexibility which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Russian anti-monopoly authorities impose various requirements on companies that occupy a dominant position in their markets. We believe that to date the anti-monopoly authorities have neither assessed the Russian payment services industry as a whole nor, more specifically, the kiosk and terminal market or the electronic payment market. If they do so, they may conclude that we hold a dominant position in one or more of the markets in which we operate. If they were to do so, this could result in limitations on our future acquisitions and a requirement that we pre-clear with the authorities any changes to our standard agreements with merchants and agents, as well as any specially negotiated agreements with business partners. In addition, if we were to decline to conclude a contract with a third party this could, in certain circumstances, be regarded as abuse of a dominant market position. Russian anti-monopoly authorities have also been known to determine that a market player has been in violation of anti-trust laws solely on the basis of circumstantial evidence pointing to its anti-competitive behavior without any written or oral evidence to support this. Any abuse of a dominant market position could lead to administrative penalties and the imposition of a fine of up to 15% of our annual revenue for the previous year. In addition, in April 2012 the Competition Protection Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan, or the Competition Protection Agency, included our subsidiary in Kazakhstan in the state register of market participants with dominant or monopoly position in Kazakhstan. Entities included in this register are prohibited from performing actions that may have a detrimental effect on competition, restrict access to the market or infringe the rights of consumers, including predatory or discriminatory pricing, unjustified resale restrictions, imposing unreasonable terms, or refusing to supply or halting supplies for unjustified reasons. Status as a dominant market participant also puts an entity under much more stringent scrutiny from the Competition Protection Agency, therefore increasing the probability of being investigated and penalized if a violation occurs. As a result, the Competition Protection Agency may impose restrictions on our operations, or take other measures that may be inconsistent with our strategy. The maximum liability to which we can be exposed is a penalty equal to 10% of the revenue earned as a result of market abuse, plus confiscation of the full amount of such revenue. The maximum liability is determined in reference to not more than one year of such revenues. Recently, our subsidiary in Kazakhstan became subject to an investigation conducted by the Competition Protection Agency concerning alleged abuse of its dominant position in Kazakhstan’s electronic payments market. No fine has been levied as a result of the investigation, but the Competition Protection Agency ordered us to rectify certain violations of the anti-trust legislation. We have complied with the orders and have taken actions to remedy these violations. However, we expect similar investigations by the Competition Protection Agency to recur in the future, and we cannot reliably estimate the amounts of claims that can be brought

 

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against us in connection with these investigations. These limitations may reduce our operational and commercial flexibility and responsiveness, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may not be able to successfully protect our intellectual property and may be subject to infringement claims.

We rely on a combination of contractual rights, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws to establish and protect our proprietary technology. We also maintain patents for certain of our technologies. We customarily require our employees and independent contractors to execute confidentiality agreements or otherwise to agree to keep our proprietary information confidential when their relationship with us begins. Typically, our employment contracts also include clauses requiring our employees to assign to us all of the inventions and intellectual property rights they develop in the course of their employment and to agree not to disclose our confidential information. Nevertheless, others, including our competitors, may independently develop similar technology, duplicate our services or design around our intellectual property. Further, contractual arrangements may not prevent unauthorized disclosure of our confidential information or ensure an adequate remedy in the event of any unauthorized disclosure of our confidential information. Because of the limited protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights in certain jurisdictions in which we operate, such as Russia and Kazakhstan, as well as in certain jurisdictions in which we have started expanding our operations, such as Moldova, Romania and Belarus, our intellectual property rights may not be as protected as they may be in more developed markets such as the United States. We may have to litigate to enforce or determine the scope or enforceability of our intellectual property rights (including trade secrets and know-how), which could be expensive, could cause a diversion of resources and may not prove successful. The loss of intellectual property protection could harm our business and ability to compete and could result in costly redesign efforts, discontinuance of certain service offerings or other competitive harm. Additionally, we do not hold any patents for our business model or our business processes, in part because our ability to obtain them in Russia is subject to legislative constraints, and we do not currently intend to obtain any such patents in Russia, the U.S. or elsewhere.

We may also be subject to costly litigation in the event our services or technology are claimed to infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate a third party’s intellectual property or proprietary rights. Such claims could include patent infringement, copyright infringement, trademark infringement, trade secret misappropriation or breach of licenses. In addition, while we seek to obtain copyright registration certificates for the critical software we develop, our rights to software obtained as works for hire might be potentially challenged by the employees and former employees or developers of such software. We may not be able to successfully defend against such claims, which may result in a limitation on our ability to use the intellectual property subject to these claims and also might require us to redesign affected services, enter into costly settlement or license agreements, pay costly damage awards, or face a temporary or permanent injunction prohibiting us from marketing or selling certain of our services. In such circumstances, if we cannot or do not license the infringed technology on reasonable terms or substitute similar technology from another source, our revenue and earnings could be adversely impacted. Additionally, in recent years, non-practicing entities have been acquiring patents, making claims of patent infringement and attempting to extract settlements from companies in our industry. Even if we believe that such claims are without merit and successfully defend these claims, defending against such claims is time consuming and expensive and could result in the diversion of the time and attention of our management and employees.

We may use open source software in a manner that could be harmful to our business.

We use open source software in connection with our technology and services. The original developers of the open source code provide no warranties on such code. Moreover, some open source software licenses require users who distribute open source software as part of their software to publicly disclose all or part of the source code to such software and/or make available any derivative works of the open source code on unfavorable terms or at no cost. The use of such open source code may ultimately require us to replace certain code used in our products, pay a royalty to use some open source code or discontinue certain products. Any of the above requirements could be harmful to our business, financial condition and operations.

 

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We do not have and may be unable to obtain sufficient insurance to protect ourselves from business risks.

The insurance industry in Russia is not yet fully developed, and many forms of insurance protection common in more developed countries are not yet fully available or are not available on comparable or commercially acceptable terms. Accordingly, while we hold certain mandatory types of insurance policies in Russia, we do not currently maintain insurance coverage for business interruption, property damage or loss of key management personnel as we have been unable to obtain these on commercially acceptable terms. We do not hold insurance policies to cover for any losses resulting from counterparty and credit risks or fraudulent transactions. We also do not generally maintain separate funds or otherwise set aside reserves for most types of business-related risks. Accordingly, our lack of insurance coverage or reserves with respect to business-related risks may expose us to substantial losses, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may need to raise additional funds to finance our future capital needs, which may dilute the value of our outstanding ADSs or prevent us from growing our business.

We may need to raise additional funds to finance our future capital needs, including developing new services and technologies, and to fund ongoing operating expenses. If we raise additional funds through the sale of equity securities, these transactions may dilute the value of our outstanding ADSs. We may also decide to issue securities, including debt securities that have rights, preferences and privileges senior to our ADSs. Any debt financing would increase our level of indebtedness and could negatively affect our liquidity and restrict our operations. We may be unable to raise additional funds on terms favorable to us or at all. If financing is not available or is not available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to fund our future needs. This may prevent us from increasing our market share, capitalizing on new business opportunities or remaining competitive in our industry.

In a dynamic industry like ours, the ability to attract, recruit, retain and develop qualified personnel is critical to our success and growth.

Our business functions at the intersection of rapidly changing technological, social, economic and regulatory developments that require a wide ranging set of expertise and intellectual capital. In order for us to compete and grow successfully, we must attract, recruit, retain and develop the necessary personnel who can provide the needed expertise across the entire spectrum of our intellectual capital needs. This is particularly true with respect to qualified and experienced software engineers and IT staff, who are highly sought after and are not in sufficient supply in Russia and in most other markets in which we operate. The market for such personnel is highly competitive, and we may not succeed in recruiting additional personnel or may fail to replace effectively current personnel who depart with qualified or effective successors. It may also be difficult for us to obtain necessary qualified personnel with local experience to support our international growth, which may jeopardize our ongoing and planned expansion into new geographies. Our efforts to retain and develop personnel may result in significant additional expenses, which could adversely affect our profitability. We cannot assure you that we will be able to attract and retain qualified personnel in the future. Failure to retain or attract key personnel could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Relating to Corporate Governance Matters and Organizational Structure

Our dual share capital structure, combined with the concentration of voting power, will result in substantial control over us by our class A shareholders, including our founding shareholders as well as Palmway Holdings Limited, Mail.ru Group Limited and Mitsui & Co., Ltd., and will limit your ability to influence corporate matters.

Each class B share underlying our ADSs is entitled to one vote per share at shareholders’ meetings, while each class A share is entitled to 10 votes per share at shareholders’ meetings. Each class A share is convertible into one class B share at any time by the holder of the class A share, while class B shares are not convertible into

 

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class A shares under any circumstances. Upon any transfer of class A shares by a holder to any person or entity that is not a wholly-owned (direct or indirect) affiliate of such holder, such class A shares will be automatically and immediately converted into equal number of class B shares unless such transfer is in respect of 10% or more of the total number of class A shares in issue, has been approved by holders of at least 75% of class A shares in issue, or meets certain other conditions. After completion of this offering, we anticipate that our class A shareholders, including our founding shareholders (Antana International Corporation, Saldivar Investments Limited, Dargle International Limited, E1 Limited and Bralvo Limited) as well as Palmway, Mail.ru and Mitsui and entities they control will together beneficially own and control all of the class A shares, together representing in aggregate approximately                     % of the voting power of our issued share capital. Any transfer of class A shares that results in a conversion to class B shares will have, among other things, the effect of further concentrating voting power in us in the hands of non-transferring holders of class A shares. As a result, holders of our class A shares will control the outcome of any shareholders’ meeting for the foreseeable future, including having the power to determine the composition of our board of directors and control the outcome of any significant corporate transactions or other matters submitted to our shareholders for approval. The voting power of the holders of class A shares will be substantially greater than their economic interest in us, and the ability of holders of our ADSs to influence corporate matters will be limited. The interests of our class A shareholders, including our founding shareholders as well as Palmway, Mail.ru and Mitsui, may not be aligned with or be in the best interests of other holders of our ADSs. This concentration of voting power could also have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change of control or other business combination that might otherwise be beneficial to the holders of our ADSs.

You will have limited rights in relation to the appointment of our directors, including our independent directors.

Other than in certain limited cases provided for in our articles of association, our directors are elected by shareholder weighted voting, sometimes referred to as cumulative voting, under which each shareholder has the right to cast as many votes as the voting rights attached to its shares multiplied by a number equal to the number of board seats to be filled by shareholders. As a result, our class A shareholders, including our founding shareholders as well as Palmway, Mail.ru and Mitsui, will have the ability to appoint, through the weighted voting set forth in our articles of association, at least a majority of the board of directors for the foreseeable future. The interests of our directors may therefore not be aligned with or be in the best interests of the holders of our ADSs.

The rights of our shareholders are governed by Cyprus law and our articles of association, and differ in some important respects from the typical rights of shareholders under U.S. state laws.

Our corporate affairs are governed by our articles of association and by the laws governing companies incorporated in Cyprus. The rights of our shareholders and the responsibilities of members of our board of directors under Cyprus law and our articles of association are different than under the laws of some U.S. state laws. For example, by law existing holders of shares in Cypriot public companies are entitled to pre-emptive rights on the issue of new shares in that company (provided such shares are paid in cash and the pre-emption rights have not been disapplied). In addition, our articles of association have the following provisions, which differ from provisions typically included in the governing documents of most companies organized in the U.S.:

 

   

our board of directors can only take certain actions by means of a supermajority vote of 75% of its members, including approving our annual budget and business plan, effecting any transaction over U.S.$3 million, issuing shares for consideration other than cash and other actions;

 

   

our shareholders are able to convene an extraordinary general meeting; and

 

   

if our board of directors exercises its right to appoint a director to fill a vacancy on the board created during the term of a director’s appointment, shareholders holding 10.01% of the voting rights of the company may terminate the appointment of all of the directors and initiate reelection of the entire board of directors.

 

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As a result of the differences described above, our shareholders may have rights different to those generally available to shareholders of companies organized under U.S. state laws and our board of directors may find it more difficult to approve certain actions.

Some of our corporate actions require either a simple majority or a 75% shareholder vote, and following this offering, one of our founding shareholders, Saldivar Investments Limited, will alone control in excess of 25% of the voting power of our company and together with other founding shareholders will control in excess of 50% of the voting power of our company.

Our articles of association require the approval of no less than 75% of present and voting shareholders for certain matters, including, among other matters, amendments to the constitutional documents of our company, dissolution or liquidation of our company, reducing the share capital, buying back shares and approving the total number of shares and classes of shares to be reserved for issuance under any employee stock option plan or any other equity-based incentive compensation program of our group. One of our founding shareholders, Saldivar, which is controlled by Mr. Sergey Solonin, our chief executive officer, will control more than 25% of the voting power of our company following this offering, and accordingly will have the ability to veto any resolution requiring a 75% shareholder vote. In addition, our founding shareholders will together control in excess of 50% of the voting power of our company following this offering, which will allow them together to control the outcome of matters requiring a simple majority shareholder vote, including, among other matters, increasing our authorized capital, removing a director, final dividend declaration, approving the annual audited accounts and appointing auditors.

Our class A shareholders may have interests and positions that could present potential conflicts with our interests.

Mail.ru and Mitsui make investments in companies and may, from time to time, acquire and hold interests in businesses that compete directly or indirectly with us. They may also pursue, for their own accounts, acquisition opportunities that may be complementary to our business, and as a result, those acquisition opportunities may not be available to us. In particular, Mail.ru operates an electronic payment business, Money@Mail.ru, a direct competitor of Visa Qiwi Wallet, which may result in them being provided with business opportunities instead of us. Accordingly, the interests of these shareholders and our directors associated with them may conflict with our interests, and they may compete with us, pursue opportunities instead of us, or focus more on other businesses rather than on ours for which we have no recourse. Such actions on their part could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Acquisitions of credit institutions in Russia are subject to pre-closing approval by multiple government authorities which exercise significant discretion as to whether a consent should be granted or not, and are regulated by a significant body of law which is often ambiguous and open to varying interpretations.

Due to our ownership of Qiwi Bank, any transactions resulting in the acquisition of more than 50% of our voting power or the right to otherwise direct our business activities would become subject to preliminary approval by the CBR. In order to obtain such approval, the acquirer would need to meet certain eligibility criteria established by the CBR. In addition, any acquisition of more than 50% of our voting power may also be subject to a preliminary approval by the Russian Federal Antimonopoly Service, or the FAS. Furthermore, Qiwi Bank holds an encryption license which is necessary to conduct its operations, and by virtue of this may be deemed to be a “strategic enterprise” for the purposes of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 57-FZ “On the Procedure for Foreign Investments in Enterprises which are Strategically Important for the State Defense and National Security”, dated April 29, 2008, as amended. In this case, any acquisition of control over our company would require an approval of a specialized government commission, which is a relatively lengthy process that typically takes between three and six months in practice. These regulatory approval requirements may have the effect of making a takeover of our company more difficult or less attractive, and may prevent or delay a change of control, which could have a negative impact on the liquidity of, and investor interest in, our ADSs.

 

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Additionally, under Russian law, the depositary may be treated as the owner of the class B shares underlying the ADSs, and therefore, could be deemed a beneficial shareholder of Qiwi Bank. This is different from the way other jurisdictions treat ADSs. As a result, the depositary may be subject to the approval requirements of the CBR, the FAS and the government commission described above in the event more than 50% of our shares are deposited in the ADS program. Accordingly, our ADS program may be subject to an effective limit of 50% of our outstanding shares, unless the depositary obtains FAS, CBR and potentially additional government commission approvals to increase its ownership in excess of 50% of our outstanding share capital. This could limit our ability to raise capital in the future and the ability of our existing shareholders to sell their ADSs in the public markets, which in turn may impact the liquidity of share capital.

If the Russian government exercises its right to impose a quota on foreign ownership of Russian banks, a takeover of our company may be impossible.

Under current Russian law, the Russian government is entitled, upon consultation with the CBR, to propose legislation imposing a quota on foreign ownership in the Russian banking industry, covering both Russian branches of international banks and foreign participation in the charter capital of Russian banks, such as Qiwi Bank. Such legislation would need to be approved by the Russian Parliament in order to become law; however, in practice, due to a lack of separation of powers between the Russian Parliament and the Russian government, any bill proposed by the government is likely to be enacted. In the past, Russia law contained such a quota on foreign ownership of Russian banks. Such quotas were repealed in 2002, and to our knowledge, there currently is no intention to reinstate such quotas. However, if the Russian government exercises its right to impose limits on foreign ownership of Russian banks, a takeover of our company by a foreign purchaser may become impossible, which could limit, prevent or delay a change of control of our company and in turn could negatively impact the liquidity of our ADSs.

As a foreign private issuer whose ADSs are listed on Nasdaq, we have elected to follow certain home country corporate governance practices instead of certain Nasdaq requirements.

As a foreign private issuer whose ADSs are listed on Nasdaq, we are permitted in certain cases, and intend, to follow Cyprus corporate governance practices instead of the corresponding requirements of Nasdaq. A foreign private issuer that elects to follow a home country practice instead of Nasdaq requirements must submit to Nasdaq in advance a written statement from an independent counsel in such issuer’s home country certifying that the issuer’s practices are not prohibited by the home country’s laws. In addition, a foreign private issuer must disclose in its annual reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission each such requirement that it does not follow and describe the home country practice followed instead of any such requirement. We intend to follow Cyprus corporate governance practices with regard to the quorum requirements applicable to meetings of shareholders, rather than the corresponding domestic U.S. corporate governance practices. Accordingly, our shareholders may not be afforded the same protection as provided under Nasdaq corporate governance rules.

You may not have the same voting rights as the holders of our class A shares and class B shares and may not receive voting materials in time to be able to exercise your right to vote. Your right to receive certain distributions may be limited in certain respects by the deposit agreement.

Except as described in this prospectus and in the deposit agreement, holders of our ADSs will not be able to exercise voting rights attaching to the class B shares represented by our ADSs on an individual basis. Holders of our ADSs will appoint the depositary or its nominee as their representative to exercise the voting rights attaching to the class B shares represented by the ADSs. Upon receipt of your voting instructions, the depositary will vote the underlying class B shares in accordance with these instructions. Pursuant to our articles of association, we may convene an annual shareholders’ meeting or a shareholders’ meeting called for approval of matters requiring a 75% shareholder vote upon at least 45 days’ notice and upon at least 30 days’ notice for all other shareholders’

 

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meetings. If we give timely notice to the depositary under the terms of the deposit agreement, the depositary will notify you of the upcoming vote and arrange to deliver our voting materials to you. We cannot assure you that you will receive the voting materials in time to instruct the depositary to vote the class B shares underlying your ADSs, and it is possible that you, or persons who hold their ADSs through brokers, dealers or other third parties, will not have the opportunity to exercise a right to vote. In addition, the depositary and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for the manner of carrying out voting instructions. This means that you may not be able to exercise your right to vote and there may be nothing you can do if the class B shares underlying your ADSs are not voted as you requested. In addition, although you may directly exercise your right to vote by withdrawing the class B shares underlying your ADSs, you may not receive sufficient advance notice of an upcoming shareholders’ meeting to withdraw the class B shares underlying your ADSs to allow you to vote with respect to any specific matter. Furthermore, under the deposit agreement, the depositary has the right to restrict distributions to holders of the ADSs in the event that it is unlawful or impractical to make such distributions. We have no obligation to take any action to permit distributions to holders of our ADSs. As a result, holders of ADSs may not receive distributions made by us.

You will not be able to benefit from certain anti-takeover protections.

As we are incorporated in Cyprus, we are subject to Cypriot law. As of the date of this prospectus, Cypriot law does not contain any requirement for a mandatory offer to be made by a person acquiring shares or depositary receipts of a Cypriot company even if such an acquisition confers on such person control over us if neither such company’s shares nor depositary receipts are listed on a regulated market in the European Economic Area. Neither our shares nor our ADSs are listed on a regulated market. Consequently, a prospective bidder acquiring ADSs may gain control over us in circumstances in which there is no requirement to conduct a mandatory offer under an applicable takeover protection regime. As a result, holders of ADSs may not be given the opportunity to receive treatment equal to what may be received, in the event of an offer made by a potential bidder with a view to gaining control over us or by certain other holders of ADSs or, as the case may be, shares at the relevant time. As a result, a bid for, or creeping acquisition of control over, us is currently not regulated by Cyprus law.

You may not be able to exercise your pre-emptive rights in relation to future issuances of class B shares.

In order to raise funding in the future, we may issue additional class B shares, including in the form of ADSs. Generally, existing holders of shares in Cypriot public companies are entitled by law to pre-emptive rights on the issue of new shares in that company (provided that such shares are paid in cash and the pre-emption rights have not been disapplied). You may not be able to exercise pre-emptive rights for class B shares represented by ADSs unless applicable securities law requirements are adhered to or an exemption from such requirements is available. In the United States, we may be required to file a registration statement under the Securities Act to implement pre-emptive rights. We can give no assurance that an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act would be available to enable U.S. holders of ADSs to exercise such pre-emptive rights and, if such exemption is available, we may not take the steps necessary to enable U.S. holders of ADSs to rely on it. Accordingly, you may not be able to exercise your pre-emptive rights on future issuances of shares, and, as a result, your percentage ownership interest in us would be reduced. Prior to completion of this offering, our shareholders will authorize the disapplication of pre-emptive rights for a period of five years from the date of this offering in connection with the issue of additional class B shares, including in the form of ADSs. The enforceability of the disapplication of pre-emptive rights in this manner, however, is not clear as a matter of Cyprus law. If for any reason the disapplication of these rights proves to be ineffective, your ability to participate in future issuances of class B shares, including in the form of ADSs, may be limited to the extent that class B shareholders at the time of such issuances elect to exercise their pre-emptive rights. Furthermore, rights offerings are difficult to implement effectively under the current U.S. securities laws and our ability to raise capital in the future may be compromised if we need to do so via a rights offering in the United States.

 

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Risks Related To The Russian Federation and Other Markets in Which We Operate

Emerging markets, such as Russia and Kazakhstan, are subject to greater risks than more developed markets, including significant legal, economic and political risks.

Investors in emerging markets, such as Russia and Kazakhstan, should be aware that these markets are subject to greater risk than more developed markets, including in some cases significant legal, economic and political risks. Investors should also note that emerging economies are subject to rapid change and that the information set out herein may become outdated relatively quickly. Accordingly, investors should exercise particular care in evaluating the risks involved and must decide for themselves whether, in light of those risks, their investment is appropriate. Generally, investment in emerging markets is only suitable for sophisticated investors who fully appreciate the significance of the risks involved, and investors are urged to consult with their own legal and financial advisors before making an investment in our ADSs.

Political and governmental instability could adversely affect the value of investments in Russia.

Political conditions in the Russian Federation were highly volatile in the 1990s, as evidenced by the frequent conflicts amongst executive, legislative and judicial authorities, which negatively impacted the business and investment climate in the Russian Federation. Over the past two decades the course of political and other reforms has in some respects been uneven and the composition of the Russian Government has at times been unstable. The Russian political system continues to be vulnerable to popular dissatisfaction, including dissatisfaction with the results of the privatizations of the 1990s, as well as to demands for autonomy from certain religious, ethnic and regional groups.

Mr. Vladimir Putin who was President of the Russian Federation from 2000 until 2008 re-occupied this post in April 2012 following the Presidential election in March 2012. In 2008, he stood down as President and Mr. Dmitry Medvedev was elected as the new President of the Russian Federation. In May 2008, Mr. Dmitry Medvedev appointed Mr. Vladimir Putin to the position of Prime Minister of the Russian Federation. In 2011, Mr. Vladimir Putin indicated his intention to stand for re-election as President in the elections for the President of the Russian Federation which took place in March 2012. In May 2012, Mr. Vladimir Putin appointed Mr. Dmitry Medvedev to the position of Prime Minister of the Russian Federation. During Mr. Putin’s and Mr. Medvedev’s tenure as President, the Russian political system and the relationship between the President, the Russian Government and the Russian Parliament were generally stable. There have been, however, public protests in Moscow and other urban areas following the recent elections for the State Duma in December 2011 alleging that the elections were subject to substantial electoral fraud, as well as opposing a public “transfer” of power authorization by Mr. Dmitry Medvedev in favor of Mr. Vladimir Putin which occurred at the United Russia party congress on September 24, 2011 where Mr. Dmitry Medvedev proposed that the congress support the candidacy of Prime Minister Mr. Vladimir Putin for President. The Prime Minister at that time, Mr. Vladimir Putin has rejected calls by opposition leaders that the elections for the State Duma be annulled and re-run, but has instituted limited political reforms. Similar protests took place following the presidential elections in March 2012 which resulted in re-election of Mr. Vladimir Putin.

Additionally, the potential for political instability resulting from the global financial and economic crisis and any associated worsening of the economic situation in Russia and deteriorating standards of living should not be underestimated. Any such instability could negatively affect the economic and political environment in Russia, particularly in the short term. Shifts in governmental policy and regulation in the Russian Federation are less predictable than in many Western democracies and could disrupt or reverse political, economic and regulatory reforms. Any significant change in the Russian Government’s program of reform in Russia could lead to the deterioration of Russia’s investment climate that might limit our ability to obtain financing in the international capital markets or otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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The reversal of reform policies or the implementation of government policies in Russia targeted at specific individuals or companies could harm our business as well as investments in Russia more generally.

In recent years, the political and economic situation in Russia has generally become more stable and conducive to investment. However, major policy shifts, government reshuffles and a lack of consensus among key political groups could hinder or reverse political, economic and regulatory reforms. Reform may also suffer if key government officials engage in private business while in office, particularly when these business interests are in the industry that such officials regulate. Any such deterioration of Russia’s investment climate might constrain our ability to obtain financing, limit our sales in Russia and otherwise materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, the use of governmental power against particular companies or persons, for example, through the tax, environmental or prosecutorial authorities, could adversely affect the Russian economic climate and, if directed against us, our senior management or our major shareholders, could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Russian authorities have recently challenged some Russian companies and prosecuted their executive officers and shareholders on the grounds of tax evasion and related charges. In some cases, the results of such prosecutions and challenges have been significant claims against companies for unpaid taxes and the imposition of prison sentences on individuals. There has been speculation that in certain cases these challenges and prosecutions were intended to punish, and deter, opposition to the government or the pursuit of disfavored political or economic agendas. There has also been speculation that certain environmental challenges brought recently by Russian authorities in the oil and gas as well as mining sectors have been targeted at specific Russian businesses under non-Russian control, with a view to bringing them under state control. More generally, some observers have noted that takeovers in recent years of major private sector companies in the oil and gas, metals and manufacturing sectors by state-controlled companies following tax, environmental and other challenges may reflect a shift in official policy in favor of state control at the expense of individual or private ownership, at least where large and important enterprises are concerned.

Political and other conflicts create an uncertain operating environment that hinders our long-term planning ability and could adversely affect the value of our investments in Russia.

Russia is a federation of 83 sub-federal political units, consisting of republics, territories, regions, cities of federal importance and autonomous regions and districts. The delineation of authority and jurisdiction among the members of the federation and the federal government is, in many instances, unclear and remains contested. Lack of consensus between the federal government and local or regional authorities often results in the enactment of conflicting legislation at various levels and may lead to further political instability. In particular, in the past, conflicting laws have been enacted in the areas of privatization, securities, corporate legislation, regulation of land use and licensing. Some of these laws and governmental and administrative decisions implementing them, as well as certain transactions consummated pursuant to them, have in the past been challenged in the courts in Russia and such challenges may occur in the future.

Ethnic, religious, historical and other divisions have on occasion given rise to tensions and, in certain cases, military conflict and terrorist attacks in certain regions of Russia. For example, a military conflict in August 2008 between Russia and Georgia involving South Ossetia and Abkhazia resulted in significant overall price declines in the Russian stock exchanges and capital outflow from Russia. Such tensions, military conflict or terrorist activities (such as the bombing of Domededovo airport in Moscow in January 2011 and the bombing of the Moscow metro in 2010) could have significant political consequences, including the imposition of a state of emergency in some or all of Russia or heightened security measures, which could cause disruption to domestic commerce and exports from Russia, disrupt normal economic activity in Russia and materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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Deterioration of Russia’s relations with other countries could negatively affect the Russian economy and those of the nearby regions.

Over the past several years, Russia has been involved in conflicts, both economic and military, involving other members of the CIS. On several occasions, this has resulted in the deterioration of Russia’s relations with other members of the international community, including the United States and various countries in Europe. Many of these jurisdictions are home to financial institutions and corporations that are significant investors in Russia and whose investment strategies and decisions may be affected by such conflicts and by worsening relations between Russia and its immediate neighbors.

For example, relations between Ukraine and Russia, as well as Georgia and Russia, have recently been strained over a variety of issues. The emergence of new or escalated tensions between Russia and other CIS countries or other countries, including any escalation of the conflict or renewed fighting between Russia and Georgia, or the imposition of international sanctions in response to these tensions, could negatively affect economies in the region, including the Russian economy. This, in turn, may result in a general lack of confidence among international investors in the region’s economic and political stability and in Russian investments generally. Such lack of confidence may result in reduced liquidity, trading volatility and significant declines in the price of listed securities of companies with significant operations in Russia, including our ADSs, and in our inability to raise debt or equity capital in the international capital markets, which may affect our ability to achieve the level of growth to which we aspire. Additionally, the relationship between the U.S. and Russia is subject to fluctuation and periodic tension. Changes in political conditions in Russia and changes in the state of Russian-U.S. relations are difficult to predict and could adversely affect our operations in the U.S. or cause our company to become less attractive for U.S. investors.

Crime and corruption could create a difficult business climate in Russia.

The political and economic changes in Russia since the early 1990s have led, amongst other things, to reduced policing of society and increased lawlessness. In September 2006, the Deputy Chairman of the CBR was assassinated in what was allegedly a contract killing tied to his enforcement actions against corrupt Russian banking organizations. Organized crime, particularly property crimes in large metropolitan centers, has reportedly increased significantly since the dissolution of the Soviet Union. In addition, the Russian and international media have reported high levels of corruption in Russia. Press reports have also described instances in which government officials have engaged in selective investigations and prosecutions to further the interest of the government and individual officials or business groups. Although we adhere to a business ethics policy and internal compliance procedures to counteract the effects of crime and corruption, instances of illegal activities, demands of corrupt officials, allegations that we or our management have been involved in corruption or illegal activities or biased articles and negative publicity could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Economic instability in Russia could have an adverse effect on our business.

The Russian economy has been adversely affected by the recent global financial and economic crisis. A continuation of the economic crisis could have a negative effect on the scale and profitability of our business. Any of the following risks, which the Russian economy has experienced at various points in the past, may have or have already had a significant adverse effect on the economic climate in Russia and may burden or have already burdened our operations:

 

   

significant declines in gross domestic product, or GDP;

 

   

high levels of inflation;

 

   

sudden price declines in the natural resource sector;

 

   

high state debt/GDP ratio;

 

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instability in the local currency market;

 

   

lack of reform in the banking sector and a weak banking system providing limited liquidity to Russian enterprises;

 

   

pervasive capital flight;

 

   

corruption and the penetration of organized crime into the economy;

 

   

significant increases in unemployment and underemployment;

 

   

the impoverishment of a large portion of the Russian population;

 

   

large number of unprofitable enterprises which continue to operate due to deficiency in the existing bankruptcy procedure;

 

   

prevalent practice of tax evasion; and

 

   

growth of the black-market economy.

The Russian economy has been subject to abrupt downturns in the past. For example, on August 17, 1998, in the face of a rapidly deteriorating economic situation, the Russian Government defaulted on its ruble-denominated securities, the CBR stopped its support of the ruble and a temporary moratorium was imposed on certain hard currency payments. These actions resulted in an immediate and severe devaluation of the ruble and a sharp increase in the rate of inflation, a dramatic decline in the prices of Russian debt and equity securities and the inability of Russian issuers to raise funds in the international capital markets. These problems were aggravated by the near collapse of the Russian banking sector in connection with the same events. This further impaired the ability of the banking sector to act as a reliable source of liquidity to Russian companies and resulted in the widespread loss of bank deposits. In response to the global economic crisis in 2008 and 2009, the Russian government implemented a range of anti-crisis measures, however, there can be no assurance that if another crisis were to occur, the Russian government could do so again, or that any response would adequately ameliorate the situation and prevent a decline in the Russian economy. A decline in the Russian economy would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, the global financial and economic crisis led to high volatility in debt and equity markets, reductions in foreign investment and sharp decreases in GDP around the world. Any decreases or fluctuations in world commodity prices, or, more generally, any deterioration of general economic conditions in Russia could adversely influence the economic stability and demand for various products and services, including those sold by us, and therefore could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The banking system in Russia remains underdeveloped.

The banking and other financial systems in Russia are not well-developed or regulated, and Russian legislation relating to banks and bank accounts is subject to varying interpretation and inconsistent application. The 1998 financial crisis resulted in the bankruptcy and liquidation of many Russian banks and almost entirely eliminated the developing market for commercial bank loans at that time. From April to July 2004, the Russian banking sector experienced further serious turmoil. As a result of various market rumors and certain regulatory and liquidity problems, several privately owned Russian banks experienced liquidity problems and were unable to attract funds on the inter-bank market or from their client base. Simultaneously, they faced large withdrawals of deposits by both retail and corporate customers. Several of these privately owned Russian banks collapsed or ceased or severely limited their operations. Russian banks owned or controlled by the government and foreign owned banks generally were not adversely affected by the turmoil.

Many Russian banks also do not meet international banking standards, and the transparency of the Russian banking sector in some respects still lags behind internationally accepted norms. Banking supervision is also often inadequate, as a result of which many banks do not follow existing CBR regulations with respect to lending

 

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criteria, credit quality, loan loss reserves, diversification of exposure or other requirements. The imposition of more stringent regulations or interpretations could lead to weakened capital adequacy and the insolvency of some banks. Prior to the onset of the current global economic crisis, there had been a rapid increase in lending by Russian banks, which many believe had been accompanied by a deterioration in the credit quality of the loan portfolio of those banks. In addition, a robust domestic corporate debt market was leading Russian banks to hold increasingly large amounts of Russian corporate ruble bonds in their portfolios, which further deteriorated the risk profile of the assets of Russian banks. The current global financial crisis has led to the collapse or bailout of some Russian banks and to significant liquidity constraints for others. Profitability levels of most Russian banks have been adversely affected. Indeed, the global crisis has prompted the government to inject substantial funds into the banking system amid reports of difficulties among Russian banks and other financial institutions. We periodically hold funds in a number of Russian banks, including VTB Bank and Russian Agricultural Bank. The bankruptcy or insolvency of one or more of these banks could adversely affect our business. The continuation or worsening of the banking crisis, or the bankruptcy or insolvency of any of the banks which hold our funds, could prevent us from accessing our funds for several days, result in the loss of our income or affect our ability to complete banking transactions in Russia, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Russia has experienced high levels of inflation in the past.

As a substantial portion of its expenses (including operating costs and capital expenditures) are denominated in rubles, the relative movement of inflation and exchange rates significantly affects our results of operations. The effects of inflation could cause some of our costs to rise. Russia has experienced high levels of inflation since the early 1990s. For example, inflation increased dramatically after the 1998 financial crisis, reaching a rate of 84.4% in that year. According to the Russian federal state statistics service, or Rosstat, inflation in the Russian Federation was 8.8% in 2010, 6.1% in 2011 and 6.6% in 2012. Certain of our costs, such as salaries and rent, are affected by inflation in Russia. To the extent the inflation causes these costs to increase, such inflation may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The immaturity of legal systems, processes and practices in the Russian Federation may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks associated with the legal systems of the Russian Federation include, to varying degrees, inconsistencies between and among laws, presidential decrees, edicts and governmental and ministerial orders and resolutions; conflicting local, regional, and federal rules and regulations; the lack of judicial or administrative guidance regarding the interpretation of the applicable rules; the untested nature of the independence of the judiciary and its immunity from political, social and commercial influences; the relative inexperience of jurists, judges and courts in interpreting recently enacted legislation and complex commercial arrangements; a high degree of unchecked discretion on the part of governmental authorities; alleged corruption within the judiciary and governmental authorities; substantial gaps in the regulatory structure due to delays in or absence of implementing regulations; bankruptcy procedures that are not well-developed and are subject to abuse; and a lack of binding judicial precedent. All of these weaknesses affect our ability to protect and enforce our legal rights, including rights under contracts, and to defend against claims by others.

The relatively recent enactment of many laws, the lack of consensus about the scope, content and pace of political and economic reform and the rapid evolution of legal systems in ways that may not always coincide with market developments have resulted in legal ambiguities, inconsistencies and anomalies and, in certain cases, the enactment of laws without a clear constitutional or legislative basis. Legal and bureaucratic obstacles and corruption exist to varying degrees in each of the regions in which we operate, and these factors are likely to hinder our further development. These characteristics give rise to investment risks that do not exist in countries with more developed legal systems. The developing nature of the legal systems in Russia could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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Unlawful, selective or arbitrary government action may have an adverse effect on our business.

Governmental authorities have a high degree of discretion in Russia and at times appear to act selectively or arbitrarily, without hearing or prior notice, and in a manner that is contrary to law or influenced by political or commercial considerations. Moreover, the Russian Government also has the power in certain circumstances, by regulation or government act, to interfere with the performance of, nullify or terminate contracts. Unlawful, selective or arbitrary governmental actions have reportedly included denial or withdrawal of licenses, sudden and unexpected tax audits, criminal prosecutions and civil actions. Federal and local government entities also appear to have used common defects in matters surrounding share issuances and registration as pretexts for court claims and other demands to invalidate the issuances or registrations or to void transactions, seemingly for political purposes. Moreover, selective, public criticism by Russian Government officials of Russian companies has in the past caused the price of publicly traded securities in such Russian companies to sharply decline, and there is no assurance that any such public criticism by Russian Government officials in the future will not have the same negative affect. Standard & Poors has expressed concerns that “Russian companies and their investors can be subjected to government pressure through selective implementation of regulations and legislation that is either politically motivated or triggered by competing business groups”. In this environment, our competitors could receive preferential treatment from the government, potentially giving them a competitive advantage. Unlawful, selective or arbitrary governmental action, if directed at our operations in Russia, could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Russian companies can be forced into liquidation on the basis of formal non-compliance with certain requirements of Russian law.

Certain provisions of Russian law may allow a court to order the liquidation of a Russian legal entity on the basis of its formal non-compliance with certain requirements during formation, reorganization or during its operation. There have been cases in the past in which formal deficiencies in the establishment process of a Russian legal entity or non-compliance with provisions of Russian law have been used by Russian courts as a basis for the liquidation of a legal entity. Weaknesses in the Russian legal system create an uncertain legal environment, which makes the decisions of a Russian court or a governmental authority difficult, if not impossible, to predict. If any of our operating subsidiaries incorporated in Russia were subject to involuntary liquidation, such liquidation could lead to significant negative consequences for our business, financial condition and results of operations.

For example, under Russian corporate law, negative net assets calculated on the basis of the Russian accounting standards as of the end of the year following the second or any subsequent year of a company’s existence can serve as a basis for creditors to accelerate their claims and to demand payment of damages, as well as for a court to order the liquidation of the company upon a claim by governmental authorities. Many Russian companies have negative net assets due to very low historical value of property, plant and equipment reflected on their Russian accounting standards balance sheets. However, their solvency (defined as their ability to pay debts as they come due) is not otherwise adversely affected by such negative net assets. There are cases when courts have ordered mandatory liquidation of a company based on its negative net assets, though such company had continued to fulfill its obligations and had net assets in excess of the required minimum at the time of liquidation.

Shareholder liability under Russian corporate law could cause us to become liable for the obligations of our subsidiaries.

Russian law generally provides that shareholders in a Russian joint-stock company or participants in a limited liability company are not liable for that company’s obligations and risk only the loss of their investment. This may not be the case, however, when one legal entity is capable of determining decisions made by another entity. The legal entity capable of determining such decisions is called the effective parent entity (osnovnoye obshchestvo in Russian). The legal entity whose decisions are capable of being so determined is called the effective subsidiary entity (docherneye obshchestvo in Russian). The effective parent bears joint and several liability for transactions concluded by the effective subsidiary in carrying out business decisions if:

 

   

the effective parent gives binding directions to the effective subsidiary; and

 

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the right of the effective parent to give binding instructions is set out in the charter of the effective subsidiary or in a contract between such entities.

In addition, under Russian law, an effective parent is secondarily liable for an effective subsidiary’s debts if an effective subsidiary becomes insolvent or bankrupt as a result of the action of an effective parent. In these instances, the other shareholders of the effective subsidiary may claim compensation for the effective subsidiary’s losses from the effective parent that causes the effective subsidiary to take action or fail to take action knowing that such action or failure to take action would result in losses. We could be found to be the effective parent of our subsidiaries, in which case we would become liable for their debts, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Investors in our ADSs may have limited recourse against us, our directors and executive officers because we conduct our operations outside the United States and all of our current directors and executive officers reside outside the United States.

Our presence outside the United States may limit investors’ legal recourse against us. We are incorporated under the laws of the Republic of Cyprus. All of our current directors and senior officers reside outside the United States, principally in the Russian Federation. Substantially all of our assets and the assets of our current directors and executive officers are located outside the United States, principally in the Russian Federation. As a result, investors may not be able to effect service of process within the United States upon our company or its directors and executive officers or to enforce U.S. court judgments obtained against our company or its directors and executive officers in Russia, Cyprus or other jurisdictions outside the United States, including actions under the civil liability provisions of U.S. securities laws. In addition, it may be difficult for investors to enforce, in original actions brought in courts in jurisdictions outside the United States, liabilities predicated upon US securities laws. There is no treaty between the United States and the Russian Federation providing for reciprocal recognition and enforcement of foreign court judgments in civil and commercial matters. These limitations may deprive investors of effective legal recourse for claims related to their investment in our ADSs.

Risks Relating to Taxation

Weaknesses and changes in the Russian tax system could materially and adversely affect our business and the value of investments in Russia.

We are subject to a broad range of taxes and other compulsory payments imposed at federal, regional and local levels, including, but not limited to, profits tax, VAT, corporate property tax and social contributions (effective since January 1, 2010, when the unified social tax was abolished). Tax laws, such as the Russian Tax Code, have been in force for a short period relative to tax laws in more developed market economies, and the implementation of these tax laws is often unclear or inconsistent. Historically, the system of tax collection has been relatively ineffective, resulting in continual changes to the interpretation of existing laws. Although the quality of Russian tax legislation has generally improved with the introduction of the first and second parts of the Russian Tax Code, the possibility exists that Russia may impose arbitrary or onerous taxes and penalties in the future, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. A large number of changes have been made to various chapters of the Russian Tax Code since their introduction. Since Russian federal, regional and local tax laws and regulations are subject to changes and some of the sections of the Russian Tax Code relating to the aforementioned taxes are comparatively new, interpretation of these regulations is often unclear or non-existent. Also, different interpretations of tax regulations exist both among and within government bodies at the federal, regional and local levels which creates uncertainties and inconsistent enforcement. The current practice is that private clarifications to specific taxpayers’ queries with respect to particular situations issued by the Russian Ministry of Finance are not binding on the Russian tax authorities and there can be no assurance that the Russian tax authorities will not take positions contrary to those set out in such clarifications. During the past several years the Russian tax authorities have shown a tendency to take more assertive positions in their interpretation of the tax legislation which has led to an increased number of material tax assessments

 

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issued by them as a result of tax audits. In practice, the Russian tax authorities generally interpret the tax laws in ways that do not favor taxpayers, who often have to resort to court proceedings against the Russian tax authorities to defend their position. In some instances Russian tax authorities have applied new interpretations of tax laws retroactively. There is no established precedent or consistent court practice in respect of these issues. Furthermore, in the absence of binding precedent, court rulings on tax or other related matters by different courts relating to the same or similar circumstances may also be inconsistent or contradictory. Taxpayers often have to resort to court proceedings to defend their position against the tax authorities.

The Russian tax authorities are increasingly taking a “substance over form” approach. While certain reductions in the rates, such as for profits tax, have been effected, it is expected that Russian tax legislation will become more sophisticated. The possibility exists that the Government may introduce additional revenue-raising measures. Although it is unclear how such measures would operate, the introduction of any such measures may affect the Group’s overall tax efficiency and may result in significant additional taxes becoming payable. There can be no assurance that the Russian Tax Code will not be changed in the future in a manner adverse to the stability and predictability of the tax system. These factors, together with the potential for state budget deficits, raise the risk of the imposition of additional taxes on us. The introduction of new taxes or amendments to current taxation rules may have a substantial impact on the overall amount of our tax liabilities. There is no assurance that we would not be required to make substantially larger tax payments in the future, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business may be deemed to receive unjustified tax benefits.

In its decision dated July 26, 2001, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, or the Constitutional Court, introduced the concept of “a taxpayer acting in a bad faith” without clearly stipulating the criteria for it. Similarly, this concept is not defined in Russian tax law. Nonetheless, this concept has been used by the tax authorities to deny, for instance, the taxpayer’s right to rely on the provisions of the tax law. The tax authorities and courts often exercise significant discretion in interpreting this concept in a manner that is unfavorable to taxpayers. On October 12, 2006, the Plenum of the Higher Arbitrazh Court of the Russian Federation, or the Higher Arbitrazh Court, issued Ruling No. 53, formulating the concept of an “unjustified tax benefit” which is defined in the ruling mainly by reference to specific examples of such tax benefits (e.g., tax benefits obtained as a result of a transaction that has no reasonable business purpose) which may lead to disallowance of their application. There is growing practice of the interpretation of this concept by the tax authorities or the courts and it is apparent that the tax authorities actively seek to apply this concept when challenging tax positions taken by taxpayers. Although the intention of Ruling No. 53 was to combat the abuse of tax law, based on cases brought to courts to date relating to Ruling No. 53, the tax authorities have started applying the “unjustified tax benefit” concept in a broader sense than may have been intended by the Higher Arbitrazh Court. In particular, we are aware of cases when this concept has been applied by the tax authorities in order to disallow benefits granted by double tax treaties. To date, in the majority of cases where this concept has been applied, the courts have ruled in favor of taxpayers, but it is not possible to determine whether the courts will follow these precedents in the future. In addition to the usual tax burden imposed on Russian tax payers, these conditions complicate tax planning and related business decisions. This uncertainty could possibly expose our group to significant fines and penalties and to enforcement measures, despite our best efforts at compliance, and could result in a greater than expected tax burden.

Our Russian subsidiaries are subject to tax audits by Russian tax authorities which may result in additional tax liabilities.

Tax declarations together with related documentation are subject to review and investigation by a number of authorities, which are enabled by Russian law to impose substantial fines and interest charges. Generally, taxpayers are subject to tax audits for a period of three calendar years immediately preceding the year in which the decision to conduct the audit is taken. Nevertheless in some cases the fact that a tax period has been reviewed by the tax authorities does not prevent further review of that tax period, or any tax declaration applicable to that

 

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tax period. In addition, on July 14, 2005, the Constitutional Court issued a decision that allows the statute of limitations for tax penalties to be extended beyond the three-year term set forth in the Tax Code if a court determines that a taxpayer has obstructed or hindered a field tax audit. Moreover, amendments introduced to the first part of the Russian Tax Code which came into effect on January 1, 2007 provide for the extension of the three year statute of limitations for tax liabilities if the actions of the taxpayer create insurmountable obstacles for the tax audit. Because none of the relevant terms is defined in Russian law, the tax authorities may have broad discretion to argue that a taxpayer has “obstructed” or “hindered” or “created insurmountable obstacles” in respect of an audit, effectively linking any difficulty experienced in the course of their tax audit with obstruction by the taxpayer and use that as a basis to seek tax adjustments and penalties beyond the three-year term. Therefore, the statute of limitations is not entirely effective. Tax audits may result in additional costs to our group if the relevant tax authorities conclude that our Russian entities did not satisfy their tax obligations in any given year. Such audits may also impose additional burdens on our group by diverting the attention of management resources. The outcome of these audits could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our companies established outside of Russia may be exposed to taxation in Russia.

The Russian Tax Code contains the concept of a permanent establishment in Russia as means for taxing foreign legal entities which carry on regular entrepreneurial activities in Russia beyond preparatory and auxiliary activities. The Russian double tax treaties with other countries also contain a similar concept. If a foreign company is treated as having a permanent establishment in Russia, it would be subject to Russian taxation in a manner broadly similar to the taxation of a Russian legal entity, but only to the extent of the amount of the foreign company’s income that is attributable to the permanent establishment in Russia. However, the practical application of the concept of a permanent establishment under Russian domestic law is not well developed and so foreign companies having even limited operations in Russia, which would not normally satisfy the conditions for creating a permanent establishment under international norms, may be at risk of being treated as having a permanent establishment in Russia and hence being exposed to Russian taxation. Furthermore, the Russian Tax Code contains attribution rules which are not sufficiently developed and there is a risk that the tax authorities might seek to assess Russian tax on the global income of a foreign company. Having a permanent establishment in Russia may also lead to other adverse tax implications, including challenging a reduced withholding tax rate on dividends under an applicable double tax treaty, potential effect on VAT and property tax obligations. There is also a risk that penalties could be imposed by the tax authorities for failure to register a permanent establishment with the Russian tax authorities. Recent events in Russia suggest that the tax authorities may more actively be seeking to investigate and assert whether foreign entities of our group operate through a permanent establishment in Russia. Any such taxes or penalties could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Russian tax legislation in effect as of the date of this offering does not contain a concept of corporate tax residency. Russian companies are taxed on their worldwide income while foreign entities are taxed in Russia on income attributable to a permanent establishment and on Russian source income. The Russian government in its Main Directions of Russian Tax Policy for 2013 and the planned period of 2014-2015 has proposed the introduction of the concept of tax residency for legal entities to the domestic tax law. According to the proposals, a legal entity would be deemed a Russian tax resident based on a few criteria that would be in line with international tax treaties of the Russian Federation. No assurance can be currently given as to whether and when these amendments will be enacted, their exact nature, their potential interpretation by the tax authorities and the possible impact on us. We cannot rule out the possibility that, as a result of the introduction of changes to Russian tax legislation, certain of our companies established outside Russia might be deemed to be Russian tax residents, subject to all applicable Russian taxes.

 

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We may encounter difficulties in obtaining lower rates of Russian withholding income tax envisaged by the Russia-Cyprus double tax treaty for dividends distributed from Russia.

Dividends paid by a Russian legal entity to a foreign legal entity are generally subject to Russian withholding income tax at a rate of 15%, although this tax rate may be reduced under an applicable double tax treaty. We intend to rely on the Russia-Cyprus double tax treaty. The tax treaty allows reduction of withholding income tax on dividends paid by a Russian company to a Cypriot company to 10% provided that the following conditions are met: (i) the Cypriot company is a tax resident of Cyprus within the meaning of the tax treaty; (ii) the Cypriot company is the beneficial owner of the dividends; (iii) the dividends are not attributable to a permanent establishment of the Cypriot company in Russia; and (iv) the treaty clearance procedures are duly performed. This rate may be further reduced to 5% if the direct investment of the Cypriot company in a Russian subsidiary paying the dividends is at least €100,000. Although we will seek to claim treaty protection, there is a risk that the applicability of the reduced rate of 5% or 10% may be challenged by Russian tax authorities. As a result, there can be no assurance that we would be able to avail ourselves of the reduced withholding income tax rate in practice. Specifically, our Cypriot holding company may incur a 15% withholding income tax at source on dividend payments from Russian subsidiaries if the treaty clearance procedures are not duly performed at the date when the dividend payment is made. In this case we may seek to claim as a refund the difference between the 15% tax withheld and the reduced rate of 10% or 5% as appropriate. However, there can be no assurance that such taxes would be refunded in practice.

Russian withholding tax may also be applied when dividends are received from Russian subsidiaries by the company’s non-Russian subsidiaries. Although we intend to rely on an applicable double tax treaty between Russia and the country where the relevant non-Russian subsidiary is resident, no assurance can be given that the reduced withholding tax rate would apply. In this respect it should be noted that in May 2009 the President of the Russian Federation included in his Budget Message regarding the Budget Policy for 2010-2012 a proposal to introduce an anti-avoidance mechanism with respect to double tax treaty benefits in cases where the ultimate beneficiaries of income do not reside in the relevant tax treaty jurisdiction. Furthermore, the Russian Ministry of Finance has issued a number of clarifications with respect to the tax treaty concept of “beneficial ownership”. Although the clarifications up to the date of this prospectus have been of limited use, they demonstrate an attempt by the Russian tax authorities to address the question of beneficial ownership of income in international financial transactions and holding structures. Due to the fact that some of our companies are located outside Russia, the future development and application of the “beneficial ownership” concept to those companies may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In August 2011 the Russian government proposed in its Main Directions of Russian Tax Policy for 2012 and the planned period of 2013-2014, or the Directions, legislative changes concerning an anti-avoidance mechanism with respect to double tax treaty benefits in cases where ultimate beneficiaries of income do not reside in the relevant double tax treaty country. Moreover, in the Directions the Russian government has stated publicly that it plans to amend the Russian Tax Code and establish the rules on controlled foreign companies. It is currently uncertain whether and when these initiatives may be introduced, as well as how they would be interpreted and applied by the tax authorities and/ or courts in practice and what effect it may have on taxpayers. The imposition of additional tax liabilities as a result of the application of this rule to transactions carried out by us may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Russian transfer pricing legislation may require pricing adjustments and impose additional tax liabilities with respect to all controlled transactions.

Russian transfer pricing legislation became effective in the Russian Federation on January 1, 1999. This legislation allowed the tax authorities to make transfer-pricing adjustments and impose additional tax liabilities in respect of certain types of transactions (“controlled” transactions). Special transfer pricing provisions were established for operations with securities and derivatives. However, Russian transfer pricing rules were vaguely drafted, generally leaving wide scope for interpretation by Russian tax authorities and courts. There was little guidance (although some court decisions are available) as to how these rules should be applied. Following the adoption of Federal Law No. 227-FZ “On amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation in

 

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connection with the improvement of pricing principles” dated July 18, 2011, the new transfer pricing rules became effective from January 1, 2012. Compared to the previous Russian transfer pricing rules, the new rules are more technically elaborate and, to a certain extent, better aligned with the international transfer pricing principles developed by the OECD. The list of the “controlled” transactions under the new transfer pricing legislation includes transactions with related parties and certain types of cross border transactions. The amendments have toughened considerably the previous transfer pricing rules, by, among other things, effectively shifting the burden of proving market prices from the tax authorities to the taxpayer and obliging the taxpayer to keep specific documentation. The new rules also permit taxpayers to enter into advance pricing agreements with the tax authorities; however, it is unclear how such agreements will operate in practice. Special transfer pricing rules continue to apply to transactions with securities and derivatives. It is currently difficult to evaluate what effect these new provisions may have on us. Accordingly, due to the uncertainties in the interpretation of transfer pricing legislation, no assurance can be given that the tax authorities will not challenge the level of prices applied by us and make adjustments, which could affect our tax position. Unless such tax adjustments are successfully contested in court, the resulting increase in tax due could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The above factors increase the risk of the imposition of additional taxes on us. The introduction of new taxes or amendments to current taxation rules may have a substantial impact on the overall amount of our tax liabilities, representing cash outflows and a decrease in the amount of net income earned by us.

ADS holders outside of Russia may be subject to Russian tax for income earned upon a sale, exchange or disposal of our ADSs.

In the event that the proceeds from a sale, exchange or disposal of ADSs are deemed to be received from a source within Russia, a non-resident holder that is an individual may be subject to Russian tax in respect of such proceeds at a rate of 30% of the gain (such gain being computed as the sales price less any available documented cost deduction, including the acquisition price of the ADSs and other documented expenses, such as depositary expenses and brokers’ fees), subject to any available double tax treaty relief, provided that the necessary requirements to qualify for the treaty relief and the appropriate administrative requirements under the Russian tax legislation have been met. For example, holders of ADSs that are eligible for the benefits of the United States-Russia double tax treaty should generally not be subject to tax in Russia on any gain arising from the disposal of ADSs, provided that the gain is not attributable to a permanent establishment or a fixed base that is or was located in Russia and/or provided that less than 50% of our fixed assets consist of immovable property situated in Russia (as defined in the treaty). Because the determination of whether 50% or more of our fixed assets consist of immovable property situated in Russia is inherently factual and is made on an on-going basis, and because the relevant Russian legislation and regulations are not entirely clear, there can be no assurance that immovable property situated in Russia does not currently, or will not, constitute 50% or more of our assets. If 50% or more of our assets were to consist of immovable property situated in Russia, the benefits of the United States-Russia double tax treaty may not be available to an ADS holder.

Changes in the double tax treaty between Russia and Cyprus may significantly increase our tax burden.

A company that is tax resident in Cyprus is subject to Cypriot taxation and qualifies for benefits available under the Cypriot tax treaty network, including the Russia-Cyprus double tax treaty. We can provide no assurance that the double tax treaty will not be renegotiated or revoked. Adverse changes in, or the cancellation of, the Russia-Cyprus double tax treaty may significantly increase our tax burden and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be deemed to be a tax resident outside of Cyprus.

According to the provisions of the Cyprus Income Tax Law, a company is considered to be a resident of Cyprus for tax purposes if its management and control are exercised in Cyprus. The concept of “management and control” is not defined in the Cypriot tax legislation, however, it is generally considered that a company is managed

 

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and controlled in Cyprus through the decision making power of its board of directors being exercised in Cyprus. Where, as with our company, the majority of the board of directors is comprised of tax residents of Russia, there may be increased risk that the company is not managed and controlled in Cyprus and, therefore, not a tax resident in Cyprus. If we are deemed not to be a tax resident in Cyprus, we may not be subject to the Cypriot tax regime other than in respect of Cyprus sourced income and we may be subject to the tax regime of the country in which we are deemed to be a tax resident. Further, we would not be eligible for benefits under the tax treaties entered into between Cyprus and other countries. A company incorporated and currently a tax resident in Cyprus cannot be considered by the Russian tax authorities to be a tax resident in Russia. However, if applicable Russian law is amended so that a company that is a tax resident in Cyprus can also be considered a tax resident of Russia, the tax treaty in force between Cyprus and Russia provides that such a company shall be deemed to be a tax resident of the state in which the place of effective management of the company is situated. A protocol to this treaty was signed in October 2010 and ratified by Cyprus in September 2011 and the Russian Duma in February 2012. This protocol provides that the process of determining the effective management in this case will be achieved through the two states endeavoring to determine the place of effective management by mutual agreement having regard to all relevant factors. Where the majority of our board of directors comprises tax residents or citizens of Russia, this may pose a risk that we, even if we are managed and controlled in Cyprus and therefore a tax resident in Cyprus, may be deemed to have a permanent establishment in Russia or elsewhere. Such a permanent establishment could be subject to taxation of the jurisdiction of the permanent establishment on the profits allocable to the permanent establishment. If we are tax resident in a jurisdiction outside of Cyprus or are deemed to have a permanent establishment in Russia or elsewhere, our tax burden may increase significantly, which, in turn, may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be subject to defense tax in Cyprus.

Cypriot companies must pay a Special Contribution for the Defense Fund of the Republic of Cyprus, or the defense tax, at a rate of 20% on deemed dividend distributions to the extent that their ultimate beneficial owners are Cypriot tax residents. A Cypriot company that does not distribute at least 70% of its after tax profits within two years from the end of the year in which the profits arose, is deemed to have distributed this amount as a dividend two years after that year end. The amount of this deemed dividend distribution, subject to the defense tax, is reduced by any actual dividend paid out of the profits of the relevant year at any time up to the date of the deemed distribution and the resulting balance of profits will be subject to the defense tax to the extent of the appropriation of shares held in the company at that time by Cyprus tax residents. The profits to be taken into account in determining the deemed dividend do not include fair value adjustments to any movable or immovable property.

The defense tax payable as a result of a deemed dividend distribution is paid in the first instance by the company which may recover such payment from its Cypriot shareholders by deducting the amount from an actual dividend paid to such shareholders from the relevant profits. To the extent that we are unable to recover this amount due to a change in shareholders or no actual dividend is ever paid out of the relevant profits, we will suffer the cost of this defense tax. Imposition of this tax could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition if we are unable to recover the tax from shareholders as described above.

In September 2011, the Commissioner of the Inland Revenue Department of Cyprus issued Circular 2011/10, which exempted from the defense tax any profits of a company that is tax resident in Cyprus imputed indirectly to shareholders that are themselves tax resident in Cyprus to the extent that these profits are indirectly apportioned to shareholders who are ultimately not Cyprus tax residents.

Depending upon the value and the nature of our assets and the amount and nature of our income over time, we could be classified as a passive foreign investment company or PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

We will be classified as a PFIC in any taxable year if either: (a) 50% or more of the fair market value of our gross assets (determined on the basis of a quarterly average) for the taxable year produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income, or (b) 75% or more of our gross income for the taxable year is passive

 

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income. As a publicly traded foreign corporation we intend for this purpose to treat the aggregate fair market value of our gross assets as being equal to the aggregate value of our outstanding stock (“market capitalization”) plus the total amount of our liabilities and to treat the excess of the fair market value of our assets over their book value as a nonpassive asset to the extent attributable to our nonpassive income. Because we currently hold, and expect to continue to hold, a substantial amount of cash and cash equivalents and other passive assets used in our business, and because the value of our gross assets is likely to be determined in large part by reference to our market capitalization securities, we would likely become a PFIC for a given taxable year if the market price of our ADSs were to decrease significantly. The application of the PFIC rules is subject to uncertainty in several respects, and we must make a separate determination after the close of each taxable year as to whether we were a PFIC for such year. If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. investor held our ADSs, the U.S. investor might be subject to increased U.S. federal income tax liability and to additional reporting obligations. We do not intend to provide the information necessary for the U.S. investor to make a qualified electing fund election with respect to our ADSs. See “Taxation – U.S. Federal Income Taxation – Passive foreign investment company.”

Our interest expenses may not be deductible.

In May 2012, the House of Representatives of Cyprus enacted laws, effective as of January 1, 2012, which provide that if a Cyprus parent company incurs an interest expense on the acquisition of shares of a company that is a wholly-owned subsidiary (whether directly or indirectly and irrespective of whether the subsidiary is a Cyprus or foreign company), the interest expense will now be deductible for tax purposes by the parent company. This deduction will only be available provided the subsidiary owns assets that are used in its business and the amount of interest deducted is limited and proportionate to the amount and value of assets used in the business. If we are unable to deduct our interest expenses for tax purposes, our results of operations and financial conditions may be materially adversely affected.

Adverse financial measures may be adopted in Cyprus in connection with its bailout.

In June 2012, the Cyprus government applied for financial assistance from the Eurogroup and the International Monetary Fund. On March 15, 2013 the Cyprus government and the Eurogroup held lengthy negotiations with respect to the provision of a financial package which will be conditioned upon the adoption of an economic adjustment program, or the Cyprus Economic Adjustment Program. As part of the Cyprus Economic Adjustment Program, the Eurogroup has proposed the following changes: (a) a one-off stability levy on bank deposits in Cyprus at a rate of 6.75% on bank deposits of up to €100,000 and 9.9% on bank deposits in excess of €100,000, (b) an increase in the corporate tax rate from 10% to 12.5% and (c) an increase in the special defense contribution on interest from 15% to up to 25%. Such proposals have been put before the Cyprus Parliament which has not yet convened to vote on these matters. It is expected that the Cyprus Parliament will be convened to vote on these proposals shortly. In the view of the bailout negotiations, there can currently be no certainty as to the development of the legal framework and economic environment in Cyprus. Any negative developments in connection with the financial crisis in Cyprus and the Cyprus Economic Adjustment Program could significantly adversely affect our financial condition.

Risks Relating to the Offering

We expect that our ADSs’ price will fluctuate significantly, which could cause the value of your investment to decline, and you may not be able to resell your ADSs at or above the initial public offering price.

Securities markets worldwide have experienced, and are likely to continue to experience, significant price and volume fluctuations. This market volatility, as well as general economic, market or political conditions, could reduce the market price of our ADSs regardless of our results of operations. The trading price of our ADSs is likely to be volatile and subject to wide price fluctuations in response to various factors, including:

 

   

market conditions in the broader stock market;

 

   

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly financial and operating results;

 

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introduction of new services by us, our competitors or our clients;

 

   

issuance of new or changed securities analysts’ reports or recommendations;

 

   

investor perceptions of us and the industries in which we or our clients operate;

 

   

sales, or anticipated sales, of large blocks of our ADSs or class B shares, including those by our existing investors;

 

   

additions or departures of key personnel;

 

   

regulatory or political developments;

 

   

litigation and governmental investigations; and

 

   

changing economic conditions.

These and other factors may cause the market price and demand for our ADSs to fluctuate substantially, which may limit or prevent investors from readily selling their ADSs and may otherwise negatively affect the liquidity of our ADSs. In addition, in the past, when the market price for a security has been volatile, holders of that security have sometimes instituted class action litigation against the company that issued the security. If any of our shareholders or the holders of our ADSs brought a lawsuit against us, we could incur substantial costs defending the lawsuit. Such a lawsuit could also divert the time and attention of our management from our business, which could significantly harm our profitability and reputation.

There has been no prior public market for our ADSs and an active trading market may not develop.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our ADSs or class B shares. An active trading market may not develop following completion of this offering or, if developed, may not be sustained. The lack of an active market may impair your ability to sell your ADSs at the time you wish to sell them or at a price that you consider reasonable. The lack of an active market may also reduce the fair market value of your ADSs. An inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital by selling ADSs or other securities and may impair our ability to acquire other companies by using our securities as consideration.

If we do not meet the expectations of equity research analysts, if they do not publish research reports about our business or if they issue unfavorable commentary or downgrade our ADSs, the price of our ADSs could decline.

The trading market for our ADSs will rely in part on the research and reports that equity research analysts publish about us and our business. The analysts’ estimates are based upon their own opinions and are often different from our estimates or expectations. If our results of operations are below the estimates or expectations of public market analysts and investors, our ADS price could decline. Moreover, the price of our ADSs could decline if one or more securities analysts downgrade our ADSs or if those analysts issue other unfavorable commentary or cease publishing reports about us or our business.

We are an “emerging growth company” and we cannot be certain whether the reduced requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our ADSs less attractive to investors.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 effective on April 5, 2012, or the JOBS Act, and we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies.” Most of such requirements relate to disclosures that we would only be required to make if we cease to be a foreign private issuer in the future. Nevertheless, as a foreign private issuer that is an emerging growth company, we will not be required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act for up to five fiscal years after the date of this offering. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (a) the last day of our fiscal year during which we have total annual gross revenues of at least U.S.$1.0 billion;

 

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(b) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this offering; (c) the date on which we have, during the previous three-year period, issued more than U.S.$1.0 billion in non-convertible debt; or (d) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” under the Exchange Act. When we are no longer deemed to be an emerging growth company, we will not be entitled to the exemptions provided in the JOBS Act discussed above. We cannot predict if investors will find our ADSs less attractive as a result of our reliance on exemptions under the JOBS Act. If some investors find our ADSs less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our ADSs and our ADSs’ price may be more volatile.

We have not yet assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

We will be required to comply with the internal control, evaluation and certification requirements of Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ending December 31, 2014. In addition, our independent registered public accounting firm will be required to report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 beginning with our annual report on Form 20-F following the date on which we cease to qualify as an “emerging growth company,” which may be up to five full fiscal years following the date of this offering. We have not yet commenced the process of assessing the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. This process will require the investment of substantial time and resources, including by our chief financial officer and other members of our senior management. As a result, this process may divert internal resources and take a significant amount of time and effort to complete. In addition, we cannot predict the outcome of this determination and whether we will need to implement remedial actions in order to implement effective control over financial reporting. In connection with the audit of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011, our independent public registered accounting firm identified a material weakness in our internal controls with respect to our financial statements closing process for which we have developed and implemented a remedial plan. Although no material weaknesses were identified by our independent registered public accounting firm in connection with their audit of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2012, any failure of our internal controls could result in us not being able to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective. If in subsequent years we are unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if our auditors express an opinion that our internal control over financial reporting is ineffective, we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which could have a material adverse effect on the price of our common stock.

Investors in our ADSs will experience immediate and substantial book value dilution after this offering.

The initial public offering price of our ADSs will be substantially higher than the pro forma net tangible book value per ADS of the outstanding ADSs immediately after the offering. Based on our pro forma net tangible book value as of                     , if you purchase our ADSs in this offering, you will suffer immediate dilution in net tangible book value per share of approximately U.S.$                     per ADS.

You will not be able to trade our ADSs on any exchange outside the United States.

Our ADSs are listed only in the United States on Nasdaq and we have no plans to list our ADSs in any other jurisdiction. As a result, a holder of our ADSs outside the United States may not be able to effect transactions in our ADSs as readily as the holder may if our securities were listed on an exchange in that holder’s home jurisdiction.

The class B shares underlying the ADSs are not listed and may be illiquid.

The class B shares underlying the ADSs are neither listed nor traded on any stock exchange, and we do not intend to apply for the listing or admission to trading of the class B shares on any stock exchange. As a result, a withdrawal of class B shares by a holder of ADSs, whether by election or due to certain other events will result in that holder obtaining securities that are significantly less liquid than the ADSs and the price of those class B shares may be discounted as a result of such withdrawal.

 

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Future sales of ADSs or ordinary shares by existing shareholders could cause the price of our ADSs to decline.

If our existing shareholders sell, or indicate an intent to sell, substantial amounts of our ADSs or ordinary shares, including both class A shares and class B shares, in the market after the 180-day contractual lock-up and other legal restrictions on resale discussed in this prospectus lapse, the trading price of our ADSs could decline significantly and could decline below the initial public offering price. We cannot predict the effect, if any, that future sales of these ADSs or ordinary shares or the availability of these ADSs or ordinary shares for sale will have on the market price of our ADSs. Upon the completion of this offering, we will have outstanding                      ordinary shares, including those represented by ADSs. Of these,                      ADSs, plus any ADSs sold pursuant to the underwriters’ option to purchase additional ADSs, will be immediately freely tradable, without restriction, in the public market. Our officers, directors and our existing shareholders have executed lock-up agreements preventing them from selling any ADSs or ordinary shares held by them prior to this offering that they hold for a period of 180 days from the date of this prospectus, subject to certain limited exceptions and extensions described under the section titled “Underwriting.” J.P. Morgan Securities, LLC and Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC may, in their sole discretion, permit our officers, directors and current shareholders to sell shares prior to the expiration of these lock-up agreements.

After the lock-up agreements pertaining to this offering expire, an additional                      ADSs will be eligible for sale in the public market, but will be subject to the limitation on sales by affiliates as provided in Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. In addition,                      class B shares reserved for future issuance under our employee stock option plan and                      class B shares issuable upon the exchange by holders of our class A shares could become eligible for sale in the market in the future, subject to certain legal and contractual limitations. If our existing shareholders sell substantial amounts of our ADSs or ordinary shares in the market, or if the public perceives that such sales could occur, this could significantly harm the market price of our ADSs, even if there is no relationship between such sales and the performance of our business, which could also affect our ability to raise additional capital through a further offering of equity securities.

In addition, we have granted registration rights to                     , who collectively own                     % of our issued and outstanding shares as of the date of this prospectus. To the extent these shares are sold into the market, the market price of our ADSs could decline.

You have no legal interest in the underlying class B shares.

ADS holders acquire the beneficial, and not the legal, interest in the underlying class B shares, which the depositary holds on trust for them, under the terms of the deposit agreement. The intended effect of the trust is to ring-fence the class B shares in the hands of the depositary by conferring a property interest on ADS holders as beneficiaries. The interest of the ADS holders as beneficiaries in trust assets, which are the class B shares, is indirect, in the sense that in the normal course they do not have any direct recourse to the class B shares nor do they have any direct right of action against us.

You may be subject to limitations on transfer of your ADSs.

Your ADSs are transferable on the books of the depositary. However, the depositary may close its transfer books at any time or from time to time when it deems expedient in connection with the performance of its duties. In addition, the depositary may refuse to deliver, transfer or register transfers of ADSs generally when our books or the books of the depositary are closed, or at any time if we or the depositary deems it advisable to do so because of any requirement of law or of any government or governmental body, or under any provision of the deposit agreement, or for any other reason in accordance with the terms of the deposit agreement.

 

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that reflect our current expectations and views of future events. The forward looking statements are contained principally in the sections titled “Prospectus Summary,” “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Business.” Some of these forward looking statements can be identified by terms and phrases such as “anticipate”, “should”, “likely”, “foresee”, “believe”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, “continue”, “could”, “may”, “plan”, “project”, “predict”, “will”, and similar expressions. These forward-looking statements include statements relating to:

 

   

our goals and strategies;

 

   

our ability to grow our payment volumes;

 

   

our ability to maintain the size of our distribution network;

 

   

our ability to maintain our relationships with our merchants and agents;

 

   

the expected growth of Visa Qiwi Wallet and alternative methods of payment;

 

   

our ability to continue to develop new and attractive products and services;

 

   

our future business development, results of operations and financial condition;

 

   

our ability to continue to develop new technologies and upgrade our existing technologies;

 

   

our ability to grow our advertising revenue and other value added services;

 

   

competition in our industry;

 

   

projected revenue, profits, earnings and other estimated financial information; and

 

   

developments in, or changes, to the laws, regulation and governmental policies governing our business and industry.

The preceding list is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all of our forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements are based on our beliefs, assumptions and expectations of future performance, taking into account the information currently available to us. These statements are only predictions based upon our current expectations and projections about future events. There are important factors that could cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from the results, level of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. In particular, you should consider the numerous risks provided under “Risk Factors” in this prospectus.

These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this prospectus. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The foregoing factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in any forward-looking statement included in this prospectus should not be construed as exhaustive. You should read this prospectus and the documents filed as exhibits to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

The selling shareholders will receive all of the net proceeds from the sale of                      ADSs offered under this prospectus. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the ADSs in this offering.

 

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DIVIDEND POLICY

We may only pay out dividends of the profits as shown in our adopted annual IFRS accounts. Under Cyprus law, we are not allowed to make distributions if the distribution would reduce our shareholders’ equity below the sum of the issued share capital, including any share premium, and the reserves which we must maintain under Cyprus law and our articles of association.

Although we have regularly paid dividends in the past we do not have any present plan to pay cash dividends on our shares in the foreseeable future. Any future determination regarding the reservation of part of the profits and distributions to shareholders will depend on a range of factors, including the availability of distributable profits, our liquidity and financial position, restrictions imposed by our financing arrangements, tax considerations, planned acquisitions, and other relevant factors.

As a holding company, the level of our income and our ability to pay dividends depend primarily upon the receipt of dividends and other distributions from our subsidiaries. The payment of dividends by our subsidiaries is contingent upon the sufficiency of their earnings, cash flows, regulatory capital requirements, and distributable profits.

To the extent that we declare and pay dividends, holders of ADSs on the relevant record date will be entitled to receive dividends payable in respect of class B shares underlying the ADSs, subject to the deposit agreement. Cash dividends may be paid to the depositary in any currency and, except as otherwise described under “Description of American Depositary Shares”, will be converted into U.S. dollars by the depositary and paid to holders of ADSs net of applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the depositary and net of taxes withheld.

 

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our capitalization as of December 31, 2012 on an actual basis derived from our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

You should read this table together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto and information contained elsewhere in this prospectus, including information in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

     Actual as of
December 31, 2012
 
       RUB         U.S.$    
     (in millions)  

Borrowings (long-term and short-term)

     65        2   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Equity:

    

Share capital

     1          

Additional paid-in capital

     1,876        62   

Other reserve

     101        3   

Accumulated profit

     569        19   

Translation reserve

     1          
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity attributable to equity holders of
QIWI plc

     2,548        84   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-controlling interests

     (49     (2

Total equity

     2,499        82   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total capitalization

     2,564        84   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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DILUTION

If you invest in the ADSs, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per ADS and our net tangible book value per ADS after this offering. Dilution results from the fact that the initial public offering price per class B share underlying our ADSs is substantially in excess of the net tangible book value per ordinary share. Our net tangible book value as of December 31, 2012 was approximately RUB                      million (U.S.$                      million), or RUB                      per ordinary share (U.S.$                     ). Net tangible book value per ordinary share represents the amount of total assets, excluding intangible assets and goodwill, minus the amount of total liabilities, divided by the total number of ordinary shares outstanding at the end of the period.

Without taking into account any other changes in such net tangible book value after December 31, 2012, other than to give effect to our issuance and sale of                      ADSs in this offering, based upon an assumed initial public offering price of U.S.$                      per ADS, which is the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deduction of underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2012 would have been U.S.$                      per outstanding ordinary share, or U.S.$                      per ADS. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of U.S.$                      or                     % per ordinary share, or U.S.$                      or                     % per ADS, to our existing shareholders and an immediate dilution in net tangible book value of U.S.$                      or                     % per ordinary share, or U.S.$                      or                     % per ADS, to new investors of ADSs in this offering. Dilution is determined by subtracting net tangible book value per ordinary share immediately upon the completion of this offering from the assumed initial public offering price per ordinary share.

The following table illustrates such dilution, assuming either no exercise or full exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option:

 

     No Exercise    Full Exercise
       RUB        U.S.$        RUB        U.S.$  

Assumed initial public offering price per ordinary share

           

Net tangible book value per ordinary share as of December 31, 2012

           

Amount of dilution in net tangible book value per ordinary share to new investors in the offering

           

Amount of dilution in net tangible book value per ADS to new investors in the offering

           

A U.S.$1.00 change in the assumed initial public offering price of U.S.$                      per ADS would, in the case of an increase, increase and, in the case of a decrease, decrease our the dilution per ordinary share and per ADS to new investors in this offering by U.S.$                      per ordinary share and U.S.$                      per ADS, assuming no change to the number of ADSs offered by the selling shareholders as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses. The pro forma information discussed above is illustrative only. Our net tangible book value following the completion of this offering is subject to adjustment based on the actual initial public offering price of our ADSs.

 

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EXCHANGE RATES

The following tables show, for the periods indicated, certain information regarding the exchange rates between the Russian ruble and the U.S. dollar, based on the official exchange rate quoted by the CBR.

 

Period

   Period End      Period  average(1)      High      Low  

Year ended December 31, 2008

     29.38         24.87         29.38         23.13   

Year ended December 31, 2009

     30.24         31.77         36.43         28.67   

Year ended December 31, 2010

     30.48         30.38         31.78         28.93   

Year ended December 31, 2011

     32.20         29.39         32.68         27.26   

Year ended December 31, 2012

     30.37         31.07         34.04         28.95   

January 2013

     30.03         30.23         30.42         30.03   

February 2013

     30.62         30.16        
30.62
  
     29.93   

March 2013 (through March 15)

     30.78         30.70         30.79         30.51   

 

(1) The period average in respect of a year is calculated as the average of the exchange rates on the last business day of each month for the relevant annual period. The period average in respect of a month is calculated as the average of the exchange rates for each business day in the relevant month.

 

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SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA

The following tables set forth our selected consolidated financial and other data. You should read the following selected consolidated financial and other data together with the information in “Presentation of Financial and Other Information,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Risk Factors,” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. Historical results are not indicative of the results to be expected in the future. Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as published by the IASB.

The following tables also contain translations of ruble amounts into U.S. dollars for amounts presented as of and for the year ended December 31, 2012. These translations are solely for convenience of the reader and were calculated at the rate of RUB 30.37 per U.S.$ 1.00, which equals to official exchange rate quoted by the CBR on December 31, 2012.

The summary consolidated financial data as of and for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements for those periods, which are included in this prospectus.

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2010     2011     2012  
     RUB     RUB     RUB     U.S.$  
     (in millions, except per share data)  

Consolidated Income Statement Data:

  

Revenue

     6,158        8,158        8,911        293   

Cost of revenue

     (3,751     (5,573     (5,454     (180

Selling, general and administrative expenses

     (1,420     (1,543     (1,838     (60

Depreciation and amortization

     (171     (141     (129     (4

Impairment of intangible assets

                   (4     0   

Profit from operations

     816        901        1,486        49   

Gain on bargain purchase

            15                 

Gain from disposal of subsidiaries

     7        7        (1       

Change in fair value of derivative financial assets

     9                        

Other income

     21        10        17        1   

Other expenses

     (34     (73     (29     (1

Foreign exchange (loss) gain, net

            (12     (21     (1

Share of loss of associates

            (23     (13     (1

Interest income

     5        6        26        1   

Interest expense

     (3     (4     (9       

Profit before tax from continuing operations

     821        827        1,456        48   

Income tax expense

     (204     (241     (408     (13

Net profit from continuing operations

     617        586        1,048        35   

Gain (loss) from discontinued operations

     138        (156     (240     (8

Net profit

     755        430        808        27   

Attributable to:

        

Equity holders of the parent

     693        520        910        30   

Non-controlling interests

     62        (90     (102     (3

Weighted average number of shares

        

Basic

     52        52        52        n/a   

Diluted

     52        52        52        n/a   

Earnings per share

        

Basic

     13.33        10.00        17.50        0.57   

Diluted

     13.17        10.00        17.50        0.57   

Dividends declared per share

        

RUB

     7.19        8.01        16.67        n/a   

U.S.$

     0.24        0.26        0.55        n/a   

 

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     As of December 31,  
     2010      2011      2012  
     RUB      RUB      RUB      U.S.$  
     (in millions)  

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

           

Cash and cash equivalents

     6,892         8,810         9,943         327   

Total current assets

     10,410         12,112         15,607         514   

Total assets

     13,516         15,306         18,709         616   

Total equity

     2,348         2,355         2,499         82   

Total debt

     67         190         65         2   

Total liabilities

     11,168         12,951         16,210         534   

Total equity and liabilities

     13,516         15,306         18,709         616   

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2010     2011     2012  
     RUB     RUB     RUB     U.S.$  
     (in millions, except as otherwise indicated)  

Other Financial and Operating Data:

        

Segment net revenue–Qiwi Distribution(1)

     2,476        2,494        2,845        93   

Segment net revenue–Qiwi Wallet(1)

     296        690        1,241        40   

Other(1)(2)

     27        70        83        3   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjusted net revenue(3)

     2,799        3,254        4,169        136   

Adjusted EBITDA(3)

     1,067        1,183        1,851        61   

Adjusted net profit(3)

     768        721        1,306        43   

Qiwi Distribution

        

Active kiosks and terminals (units)(4)

     158,867        170,384        169,102        n/a   

Payment volume

     360,683        408,254        464,806        15,303   

Average net revenue yield(5)

     0.69     0.61     0.61     n/a   

Qiwi Wallet

        

Active Qiwi Wallet accounts (number at period end)(6)

     5,979,057        8,147,376        11,425,813        n/a   

Payment volume

     26,669        65,409        151,508        4,988   

Average volume per Qiwi Wallet account(7)

     4,460        8,028        13,260        431   

Average net revenue yield(5)

     1.11     1.05     0.82     n/a   

 

 

(1) See note 9 of our annual consolidated financial statements.
(2) Other includes our corporate and other segment, intercompany eliminations, and timing of expense recognition.
(3) See “Selected Consolidated Financial and Other Data—Non-IFRS Financial Measures” for how we define and calculate adjusted net revenue, adjusted EBITDA, and adjusted net profit as non-IFRS financial measures and reconciliations of these measures to revenue, in the case of adjusted net revenue, and net profit, in the case of adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net profit.
(4) We measure the numbers of our kiosks and terminals on a daily basis, with only those kiosks and terminals being taken into calculation through which at least one payment has been processed during the day, which we refer to as active kiosks and terminals. The period end numbers of our kiosks and terminals are calculated as an average of the amount of active kiosks and terminals for the last 30 days of the respective reporting period.
(5) Average net revenue yield is defined as segment net revenue divided by total payment volume per segment.
(6) Number of active Qiwi Wallet accounts is defined as the number of wallets through which at least one payment has been made or that have been loaded or reloaded in the 12 months preceding the end of the relevant reporting period.
(7) Average volume per Qiwi Wallet account is defined as total payment volumes in our Qiwi Wallet segment divided by the number of active wallets at the end of the relevant reporting period.

Non-IFRS Financial Measures

We present adjusted net revenue, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net profit, each of which are non-IFRS financial measures. You should not consider these non-IFRS financial measures as substitutes for or superior to revenue, in the case of adjusted net revenue, or net profit, in the case of adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net profit, each prepared in accordance with IFRS. Furthermore, because these non-IFRS financial measures are not

 

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determined in accordance with IFRS, they are susceptible to varying calculations and may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures presented by other companies. We encourage investors and others to review our financial information in its entirety and not rely on a single financial measure.

Adjusted net revenue

Adjusted net revenue is calculated by subtracting cost of revenue from revenue and adding back payroll and related taxes. Adjusted net revenue is a key measure used by management to observe our operational profitability since it reflects our portion of the revenue net of fees that we pass through, primarily to our agents. In addition, under IFRS, consumer fees are recorded as net revenue whereas merchant fees are recorded as gross revenue. Therefore, in order to analyze our two sources of payment processing fees on a comparative basis, management reviews adjusted net revenue in addition to gross revenue. We add back payroll and related taxes because, although they are an essential part of our distribution network, these expenses are not directly linked to payment volume. Nevertheless, payroll and related taxes represents an important portion of our operating costs and affect liquidity and financial performance.

The following table reconciles adjusted net revenue to revenue.

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2010     2011     2012  
     RUB     RUB     RUB     U.S.$  
     (in millions)  

Revenue

     6,158        8,158        8,911        293   

Minus: Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

     (3,751     (5,573     (5,454     (180

Plus: Payroll and related taxes

     392        669        712        23   

Adjusted net revenue

     2,799        3,254        4,169        136   

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net profit before income tax expense, interest expense, interest income and depreciation and amortization, as further adjusted for (loss) gain from discontinued operations, share of loss of an associate, foreign exchange (loss) gain, net, change in fair value of derivative financial assets, other expenses, other income, gain from disposal of subsidiaries, corporate costs allocated to discontinued operations and gain from bargain purchase. We present adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental performance measure because we believe that it facilitates operating performance comparisons from period to period and company to company by backing out potential differences caused by variations in capital structures (affecting interest expenses, net), changes in foreign exchange rates that impact financial asset and liabilities denominated in currencies other than our functional currency (affecting foreign exchange (loss) gain, net), tax positions (such as the impact on periods or companies of changes in effective tax rates), reversal of impairments (affecting other income), the age and book depreciation of fixed assets (affecting relative depreciation expense), non-cash charges (affecting share-based payments expenses), and certain one-time expenses (affecting offering expenses). Adjusted EBITDA also excludes other expenses and share in losses of associates because we believe it is helpful to view the performance of our business excluding the impact of entities that we do not control, and because our share of the net income (loss) of the associate and other expenses includes items that have other been excluded from adjusted EBITDA (such as finance expenses, net, tax on income and depreciation and amortization). In addition, adjusted EBITDA excludes the non-cash impact of changes in the fair value of derivate financial assets and of discontinued operations that we do not believe reflect the underlying performance of our business. Because adjusted EBITDA facilitates internal comparisons of operating performance on a more consistent basis, we also use adjusted EBITDA in measuring our performance relative to that of our competitors.

 

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Some limitations of adjusted EBITDA are:

 

   

adjusted EBITDA does not reflect income tax payments that may represent a reduction in cash available to us;

 

   

adjusted EBITDA does not include other income, other expense and foreign exchange gains and losses;

 

   

adjusted EBITDA excludes depreciation and amortization and although these are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future; and

 

   

adjusted EBITDA does not include gains and losses from discontinued operations.

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2010     2011     2012  
     RUB     RUB     RUB     U.S.$  
     (in millions)  

Net Profit

     755        430        808        27   

plus:

        

Depreciation and amortization

     171        141        129        4   

Gain on bargain purchase

            (15              

Gains on disposals

     (7     (7     1          

Other income

     (21     (10     (17     (1

Other expenses

     34        73        29        1   

Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments

     (9                     

Foreign exchange (loss) gain, net

            12        21        1   

Share of loss of associates

            23        13        1   

Interest income

     (5     (6     (26     (1

Interest expenses

     3        4        9          

Income tax expenses

     204        241        408        13   

Corporate costs allocated to discontinued operations

     80        141        61        2   

Offering expenses

                   109        4   

Share-based payments expenses

                   66        2   

Gain/ (loss) from discontinued operations

     (138     156        240        8   

Adjusted EBITDA

     1,067        1,183        1,851        61   

Adjusted net profit

Adjusted net profit is defined as net profit excluding loss on discontinued operations (net of tax), corporate costs allocated to discontinued operations, amortization of fair value adjustments, gain on bargain purchase, gains on disposals, and the effects of deferred taxation on those excluded items. Adjusted net profit is a key measure used by management to observe the operational profitability of the company. We believe adjusted net profit is useful to an investor in evaluating our operating performance because it is widely used by investors, securities analysts and other interested parties to measure a company’s operating performance without the effect of non-recurring items or items that are not core to our operations. For example, loss on discontinued operations, corporate costs allocated to discontinued operations, gain on bargain purchase, gains on disposals, the effects of deferred taxation on excluded items and offering expenses do not represent the core operations of the business, and amortization of fair value adjustments and share-based payments expenses do not have a substantial cash effect. Nevertheless, such gains and losses can affect our financial performance.

 

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The following table reconciles adjusted net profit to net profit.

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2010     2011     2012  
     RUB     RUB     RUB     U.S.$  
     (in millions)  

Net profit

     755        430        808        27   

Gain/(loss) from discontinued operations

     (138     156        240        8   

Corporate costs allocated to discontinued operations

     80        141        61        2   

Amortization of fair value adjustments

     118        51        42        1   

Gain on bargain purchase

            (15         

Gains on disposals

     (7     (7     1          

Offering expenses

                   109        4   

Share-based compensation expenses

                   66        2   

Effect of deferred taxation of the above items

     (40     (35     (21     (1

Adjusted net profit

     768        721        1,306        43   

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL

CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following operating and financial review together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. Certain statements in this section are “forward-looking statements” and are subject to risks and uncertainties, which may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Please see “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors” for more information.

Overview

We are a leading provider of next generation payment services in Russia and the CIS. We have an integrated proprietary network that enables payment services across physical, online and mobile channels. We operate in and target markets and customer segments that are largely cash-based and lack convenient alternatives for consumers to pay for goods and services in physical, online and mobile environments.

We have built a physical network of over 169,000 kiosks and terminals using a proprietary agent model. Under this model, our kiosks and terminals are built with our proprietary specifications and technology by third party manufacturers and then purchased and managed by over 9,300 agents responsible for placing, operating and servicing the kiosks in high-traffic, convenient retail locations. We also distribute our payment services online through our virtual Visa Qiwi Wallet product, which enables consumers to access and make payments through their computers or mobile devices. The payments processed through our network are typically very small with a limit of RUB 15,000 per transaction, and since they are primarily funded with cash, consumers do not have to go through a lengthy registration process to execute most transactions.

We have two principal operating segments: Qiwi Distribution, which primarily generates revenue from our payment services offered through our kiosks and terminals, and Qiwi Wallet, which generates revenue from payments processed through online electronic user accounts and bank prepaid products, including our prepaid card business. Since November 19, 2012, our Qiwi Wallet business has been rebranded as Visa Qiwi Wallet. Our primary source of revenue in each of these segments are fees we receive for processing payments made by consumers to merchants, which we refer to as payment processing fees, based on a percentage of the size of the transactions that we process, which we refer to as payment volume. We refer to payment processing fees that are paid to us by merchants for collecting payments on their behalf as merchant fees and to payment processing fees that are paid by our consumers and transmitted to us by our agents (in case of Qiwi Distribution) or paid by our consumers directly to us (in case of Visa Qiwi Wallet) as consumer fees. We typically pass on a portion of the merchants fees to our agents.

In September 2010, we acquired Qiwi Bank, which provides the issuing, acquiring and deposit settlement functions of our group. In addition, at the end of the second quarter of 2012, our board of directors approved a plan to dispose of certain non-core subsidiaries and associates in order to focus on our core payment systems business, which occurred by the end of the third quarter. The assets disposed of include primarily non-CIS international early-stage businesses, a business that manufactured certain parts of our kiosks, and our lottery business. The results of operations of these entities are presented as discontinued operations in our statements of comprehensive income.

For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our revenue was RUB 6,158 million, RUB 8,158 million and RUB 8,911 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our adjusted net revenue was 2,799 million, RUB 3,254 million and RUB 4,169 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our net profit from continuing operations was RUB 617 million, RUB 586 million and RUB 1,048 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our adjusted net profit was RUB 768 million, RUB 721 million and RUB 1,306 million, respectively.

 

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Segments

For management purposes, we are organized into three operating segments. In addition to our two principal operating segments — Qiwi Distribution and Qiwi Wallet — we have a segment related to our corporate activities. Our segments are:

 

   

Qiwi Distribution, which includes revenue and expenses derived from payment services offered through our kiosks and terminals in Russia and internationally;

 

   

Qiwi Wallet, which includes revenue and expenses derived from payments processed through online electronic user accounts and bank prepayment products, including our prepaid card business, and revenue and expenses derived from Qiwi Bank; and

 

   

Corporate and other, which includes expenses related to corporate back-office operations, and revenue associated with licensing of software and trademarks and the sales of lotteries through kiosks and terminals. We disposed of our lottery sales business in August 2012.

Key Measures of Financial and Operational Performance

Our management monitors our financial and operational performance on the basis of the following measures.

Financial Measures

The following table presents our key financial measures for the year ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012.

 

     Year ended December 31,  
         2010              2011              2012      
     (in RUB million)   

Segment net revenue–Qiwi Distribution(1)

     2,476         2,494         2,845   

Segment net revenue–Qiwi Wallet(1)

     296         690         1,241   

Other(1) (2)

     27         70         83   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Adjusted net revenue(3)

     2,799         3,254         4,169   

Adjusted EBITDA(3)

     1,067         1,183         1,851   

Adjusted net profit(3)

     768         721         1,306   

 

(1) See note 9 of our annual consolidated financial statements.
(2) Other includes our corporate and other segment, intercompany eliminations, and timing of expense recognition.
(3) See “Selected Consolidated Financial and Other Data — Non-IFRS Financial Measures” for how we define and calculate adjusted net revenue, adjusted EBITDA, and adjusted net profit as non-IFRS financial measures and reconciliations of these measures to revenue, in the case of adjusted net revenue, and net profit, in the case of adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net profit.

Adjusted net revenue and segment net revenue. Adjusted net revenue is a non-IFRS measure calculated by subtracting cost of revenue from revenue and adding back payroll and related taxes. Adjusted net revenue is a key measure used by management to observe our operational profitability since it reflects our portion of the revenue net of fees that we pass through, primarily to our agents. In addition, under IFRS, consumer fees are recorded as net revenue whereas merchant fees are recorded as gross revenue. Therefore, in order to analyze our two sources of payment processing fees on a comparative basis, management reviews net revenue in addition to gross revenue. We add back payroll and related taxes because, although they are an essential part of our distribution network, these expenses are not directly linked to payment volume. Management reviews adjusted net revenue both on a per segment and consolidated basis.

Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as profit from operations before loss from discontinued operations, corporate costs allocated to discontinued operations, income tax expense, interest expense, interest

 

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income, share of loss of an associate, foreign exchange (loss) gain, net, change in fair value of derivative financial assets, other expenses, other income, gain from disposal of subsidiaries, gain from bargain purchase and depreciation and amortization. We present adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental performance measure because we believe that it facilitates investors in comparing our financial performance with other payment service providers.

Adjusted net profit. Adjusted net profit is a non-IFRS measure defined as net profit excluding loss on discontinued operations (net of tax), corporate costs allocated to discontinued operations, amortization of fair value adjustments, gain on bargain purchase, gains on disposals, and the effects of deferred taxation on those excluded items. Adjusted net profit is a key measure used by management to observe the profitability of the continuing operations of the company.

For a reconciliation of these non-IFRS financial measures, please see “Selected Consolidated Financial and Other Data—Non-IFRS Financial Measures.”

Operating Measures

The following table presents our key operative measures in both our Qiwi Distribution and Qiwi Wallet segments for the year ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012.

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2010     2011             2012          
     (in RUB millions, unless otherwise indicated)  

Qiwi Distribution

      

Active kiosks and terminals (units)(1)

     158,867        170,384        169,102   

Payment volume

     360,683        408,254        464,806   

Average net revenue yield(2)

     0.69     0.61     0.61

Qiwi Wallet

      

Active Qiwi Wallet accounts (number as of period end)(3)

     5,979,057        8,147,376        11,425,813   

Payment volume

     26,669        65,409        151,508   

Average volume per Qiwi Wallet account (in rubles)(4)

     4,460        8,028        13,260   

Average net revenue yield(2)

     1.11     1.05     0.82

 

(1) We measure the numbers of our kiosks and terminals on a daily basis, with only those kiosks and terminals being taken into calculation through which at least one payment has been processed during the day, which we refer to as active kiosks and terminals. The period end numbers of our kiosks and terminals are calculated as an average of the amount of active kiosks and terminals for the last 30 days of the respective reporting period.
(2) Average net revenue yield is defined as segment net revenue divided by total payment volume per segment.
(3) Number of active Qiwi Wallet accounts is defined as the number of wallets through which at least one payment has been made or that have been loaded or reloaded in the 12 months preceding the end of the relevant reporting period.
(4) Average volume per Qiwi Wallet account is defined as total payment volumes in our Qiwi Wallet segment divided by the number of active wallets at the end of the relevant reporting period.

Number of active kiosks and terminals in Qiwi Distribution. We measure the numbers of our kiosks and terminals on a daily basis, with only those kiosks and terminals being taken into calculation through which at least one payment has been processed during the day, which we refer to as active kiosks and terminals. The period end numbers of our kiosks and terminals are calculated as an average of the amount of active kiosks and terminals for the last 30 days of the respective reporting period. From December 31, 2010 to December 31, 2012, we increased the number of our kiosks and terminals by 6.4%. Our kiosks and terminals can be found next to convenience stores, in train stations, retail stores and airport terminals in all major urban cities as well as many small and rural towns. While we project modest growth in our kiosk and terminal network, we believe that our total payment volume growth in our Qiwi Distribution segment will be primarily driven by increased user adoption, the addition of new payment services, the implementation of higher yielding value added services, and higher average payment amounts.

 

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Number of active Visa Qiwi Wallet accounts and average payments per Visa Qiwi Wallet account. Number of active wallets represents the number of wallets through which at least one payment has been made or which has been loaded or reloaded in the 12 months preceding the end of the relevant reporting period. Number of active wallets is a measure of our success in penetrating the market and expanding our Visa Qiwi Wallet segment. We define average payments per Visa Qiwi Wallet account as total payment volumes divided by the number of active wallets at the end of the relevant reporting period. Between December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2012, average payments per wallet almost tripled while the number of active wallet accounts has almost doubled. We are focused on growing our Visa Qiwi Wallet business, and we believe we are able to leverage our large, active base of over 65 million consumers who use our kiosks and terminals at least once a month and our brand recognition and presence on social media platforms to drive the adoption and use of the Visa Qiwi Wallet.

Qiwi Wallet was launched as a product in 2007. By 2011, Qiwi Wallet became a separate operating unit with a distinct management team, operating infrastructure and strategy. As a result, management believes financial and operating information for Qiwi Wallet on a stand alone basis are most relevant from 2011 onwards. In November 2012 our Qiwi Wallet business was rebranded as Visa Qiwi Wallet.

Payment volume. Total volume provides a measure of the overall size and growth of our business, and increasing our payment volumes is essential to growing our profitability. Payment volumes have consistently increased since 2010. Total payment volumes in our Qiwi Distribution segment have grown at a CAGR of 13.5% from 2010 through 2012, with total payment volumes of RUB 465 billion for the year ended 2012. Total payment volumes in our Qiwi Wallet segment have grown at a CAGR of 138.3% from 2010 through 2012, with total payment volumes of RUB 152 billion for the year ended December 31, 2011. The following factors may have a significant impact on the growth of payment volume:

 

   

Macroeconomic factors

 

   

Russian economy. We carry out our operations primarily in Russia. Macroeconomic conditions in Russia significantly impact the volume of payments made by our consumers. During periods of economic growth, overall consumer spending tends to increase along with rises in wealth, and during economic downturns, consumer spending tends to correspondingly decline. These fluctuations can have a significant impact on the volume of payments we process; and

 

   

Factors concerning methods of payment

 

   

Use of cash as a means of payment. Changes in the aggregate use of cash as a means of payment is an important variable affecting our revenues. Cash payments are the principal form of payment in Russia, and, as a result, a majority of our payment volumes are cash-based. According to publicly available information, cash payments are expected to continue to be the principal means of payment in Russia and will sustain demand for use of our kiosks and terminals. As cash payments in Russia grow in absolute terms, we expect payment volumes from our kiosks and terminals to correspondingly increase. If the use of cash as a means of payment declines in Russia, it would negatively impact our financial results.

 

   

Increase in the volume of online transactions and the use of alternative payment methods. The volume of online transactions has grown considerably and continues to grow. Similarly, the use of alternative payment methods in Russia, such as smartphones, although lagging behind other emerging markets, is expected to grow considerably as prices per smartphone decline, according to a 2011 report by HSBC. We believe that growth in online transactions and alternative payment methods will be an important driver in increasing the number of potential merchants for which we can offer payment services and in increasing the potential number of users of Visa Qiwi Wallet. We expect payment volumes from online transactions and alternative payment methods to increase significantly in the coming years.

 

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Factors concerning our business

 

   

Consumer adoption. We have actively sought new merchants to offer consumers more payment choices when using our products. We believe that merchant growth will lead to more consumers using our payment systems more frequently.

 

   

Addition of new payment services. We have added new payment services as a part of our products. For example, consumers with accounts at certain banks may now perform online banking services at our kiosks and terminals.

 

   

Implementation of value added services. We have increased the advertising services we offer, leveraging our extensive distribution network for our advertising clients. We believe that value added services will result in more consumers to use our payment systems.

 

   

Higher average payment amounts. In addition to adding more merchants, we have added higher value products available for purchase through our network, such as airline tickets. With more choice and high value products, we believe that consumers will increase their payment amount per transaction.

Average net revenue yield. We calculate average net revenue yield by dividing segment net revenue by total payment volume per segment. Average net revenue yield provides a measure of our ability to generate net revenue per unit of volume we process. The average net revenue yield in our Qiwi Distribution segment exhibited a generally stable trend in 2011 and 2012, after having decreased in 2011 by 8 basis points in comparison to 2010, or bps, primarily as a result of a decline in merchant fees. Qiwi Wallet experienced a decline in average net revenue yield of 29 bps from the twelve months ended December 31, 2010 to the twelve months ended December 31, 2012. We will seek to increase the average net revenue yield in Qiwi Wallet by leveraging our strong market position with merchants.

 

   

Negative trends impacting average net revenue yield

 

   

In our Qiwi Distribution segment, we have experienced a decline in our average net revenue yield primarily due to a decline in merchant fees from our larger retail merchants, in particular the Big Three MNOs.

 

   

In our Qiwi Wallet segment, the decline in average net revenue yield over the three-year period ended December 31, 2012 is attributable primarily to a similar decline in merchant fees and consumer fees as a percentage of payment volume.

 

   

Positive trends impacting average net revenue yield

 

   

In our Qiwi Distribution segment, we have introduced additional consumer fees, which have had a positive impact on our net revenue yield. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2012, consumer fees represented 21% of our Qiwi Distribution segment net revenue. In addition, we have also increased the number of value added services we offer. For example, we have successfully used our distribution network to help our customers launch advertising campaigns and sales promotions, and we have introduced additional fees for cash and settlements services to our agents. We believe that these services will continue to have a positive impact on our profitability in the future.

 

   

In our Qiwi Wallet segment, the merchants that we serve are typically smaller retailers with less bargaining power. As a result, we are able to charge these merchants higher payment processing fees than the merchants in our Qiwi Distribution segment. We expect that, as our merchant base in Visa Qiwi Wallet continues to grow, these merchants will have a larger effect on payment volume and, consequently, on average net revenue yield. Moreover, because our Visa Qiwi Wallet segment does not have an agent-based structure like our Qiwi Distribution segment, we have significantly more control over the balance between merchant and consumer fees.

 

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Sources of Revenue

Our primary source of revenue is payments processing fees. In addition, we derive revenue from advertising, interest revenue from agent’s overdrafts, interest income and other revenue.

Payments processing fees. Payments processing fees constitute the substantial majority of our revenue and consists of fees, charged for processing payments based on a percentage of the total volume of each payment. A majority of our payment processing fees are paid to us by merchants for collecting payments on their behalf, which we refer to as merchant fees, and the fees paid by consumers and transmitted to us by agents, which we refer to as consumer fees. We typically pass on a portion of the merchants fees to our agents (in case of Qiwi Distribution). In certain situations, we may not receive any merchant fees, for example, where a specific merchant is added to our base at the request of an agent who believes that inclusion of such merchant would attract consumers in a particular region or neighborhood. We generally recognize payment processing fees gross at the point when merchants accept payments from the consumer. In Qiwi Distribution, we recognize revenues from consumer fees net of transaction costs, as we receive such fees through our agents, and we do not control the ultimate consumer fees set by our agents.

Advertising revenue. We generate advertising revenue through Qiwi Distribution by displaying advertising on our kiosks and through short message service, or SMS, messaging. We calculate advertising revenue on the basis of the contracts with our advertising customers and advertising agencies, which vary, and recognize revenue once the advertising is displayed or transmitted.

Ancillary revenue. In addition to payments processing revenue and advertising revenue, we generate revenue from various other sources including interest revenue on agent’s overdrafts (representing revenue from our Qiwi Distribution segment for interest earned on amounts of credit that we provide to our agents for them to be able to operate within our network), interest revenue (representing revenue from our Qiwi Wallet segment for interest earned on cash deposits with financial institutions, and short- and long-term investments performed as a part of our treasury operations and bank loans provided by Qiwi Bank), revenue from rent of space for terminals (representing revenue from our Qiwi Distribution segment for rent obtained for subleasing retail space for terminals to our agents) and other revenue (representing revenue primarily generated from such operations as cash and settlement services of Qiwi Distribution and Qiwi Bank, promotional campaign fees from generated from software licensing for our processing system in countries where we operate through our franchisees), which we refer to in this prospectus as ancillary revenue.

Operating Expenses

Costs of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

Transaction costs. When payments are made through our network, we incur transaction costs to our agents, which represent the amount of fees we pass through to agents for use of their kiosks and terminals. Additionally, we incur transaction costs when Visa Qiwi Wallet consumers reload their wallets.

Payroll and related taxes. Payroll and related taxes represents salaries and benefits paid to employees, primarily IT and operating services employees, and related taxes, where such payroll and related taxed are associated with payment processing and other revenue-generating activities.

Ancillary expenses. We incur other expenses in addition to transaction costs and payroll and related taxes, including advertising commission (primarily representing commission we pay, through Qiwi Distribution, to SMS operators and our agents for displaying the advertising), cost of rent of space for terminals (representing the rental payments we make, through Qiwi Distribution, to retail shop owners to allow agents to install kiosks on their premises under lease arrangements) and other expenses (including call center expenses), which we refer to in this prospectus as ancillary expenses.

 

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Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses consists primarily of payroll and related taxes for our senior executives, finance, legal and other administrative staff, advertising and related expenses, bank services, rent of premises and related utility expenses, office maintenance expenses, telecommunication and internet expenses, bad debt expense, traveling expenses, taxes other than income taxes and professional fees.

Depreciation and amortization

Depreciation is calculated on property and equipment on a straight-line basis from the time the assets are available for use, over their estimated useful lives. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful economic lives, unless the useful life is indefinite. We do not amortize intangible assets with indefinite useful lives, but we test these assets for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash-generating unit level.

Other Income and Expense Items

Gain on bargain purchase

A gain on bargain purchase is recognized in a business combination or acquisition of associates in the event the total fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired on the date of acquisition exceeds the fair value of the consideration transferred. We recognized a gain on bargain purchase upon our purchase of Instant Payments LLP in 2011.

Gain/(loss) from disposal of subsidiaries

We recognize a gain/(loss) on disposal of subsidiaries in the event that the consideration we receive for the sale or disposal of a subsidiary exceeds the total carrying value of the subsidiary sold. The gain from disposal of subsidiaries that we recognized in 2010 was due to disposal of our subsidiary in Georgia. The gain recognized in 2011 was due to disposal of our subsidiaries in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, and the loss recognized in 2012 was due to disposal of Instant Payments LLP (Kazakhstan), OOO Management Company QIWI (Russia), Master Loto Ltd and its subsidiaries.

Change in fair value of derivative financial assets

We classify certain of our derivative assets at fair value through profit or loss, in accordance with IAS 39. This classification applies primarily to certain options over shares of subsidiaries and associates we hold. We state our financial assets at fair value through profit or loss.

Other income

Other income includes gain on interest on loans issued to agents at a higher-than-market interest rate, income from penalties charged to agents for violation of our payment system terms and conditions, and other items not directly related to operations.

Other expenses

Other expenses principally include losses resulting from the discount on a low-interest loan issued to Blestgroup in 2011 to facilitate our rent of terminal spaces operations, and share of profit for the period attributable to non-controlling interest and accounted for as a liability, which relates to the profit and loss of subsidiaries in which we hold an interest.

 

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Foreign exchange gain/(loss), net

Foreign exchange gain/(loss) is comprised of net results from the re-measurement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency using the exchange rates valid at the reporting period end or upon the realization of related assets and liabilities. As of December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our net monetary assets denominated in foreign currencies were not significant.

Share of loss of associates

We account for our interest in associates under the equity method. An associate is generally an entity in which we own 20% to 50% of its voting power. We carry our investment in associates at cost less any impairment and recognize any changes in our share of the net assets of the associate through profit or loss, except for changes in equity that do not result from operations.

Interest income

Interest income represents primarily interest on non-banking loans issued to related parties.

Interest expense

Interest expense primarily represents interest expense accrued by our international subsidiaries on loans received from their non-controlling shareholders.

Income tax expense

Income tax expense represents current and deferred income taxes with respect to our earning in countries in which we operate. Deferred tax also includes taxes on earnings of our foreign subsidiaries that have not been remitted to us to the extent applicable and will be taxed in Cyprus once remitted.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Prior to this offering, we were a private company with limited accounting personnel and other resources focused on our internal control over financial reporting. In connection with their audit of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 our independent registered public accounting firm identified a material weakness in our internal controls with respect to our financial statement closing process. The material weakness related to, primarily, the number of dedicated IFRS-qualified personnel and controls over accounting for non-routine transactions and complex estimates.

This material weakness was considered in determining the nature, timing and extent of the procedures performed by our independent registered public accounting firm in their audit of our annual consolidated financial statements, and did not affect the report of our independent registered public accounting firm on our annual consolidated financial statements included herein.

To address the material weakness that our independent registered accountants identified, we developed and implemented a plan that included implementing greater controls over communication, approval and accounting for non-routine transactions and complex estimates, as well as additional management review controls. We also hired an external consultant to advise us on introducing changes to our internal control over financial reporting and to participate in management review of the financial statements and related supporting financial information. In the future, we plan to recruit additional qualified personnel or an external consultant with relevant experience in IFRS accounting, reporting and auditing. As a result of these various measures, we expect the accounting and finance personnel costs to increase significantly.

As a result of our efforts we remediated the related material weakness as of December 31, 2012. No other material weaknesses were identified by our independent registered public accounting firm as a result of their audit of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2012.

 

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Designing and implementing an effective financial reporting system is a continuous effort that requires us to anticipate and react to changes in our business and the economic and regulatory environments and to devote significant resources to maintain a financial reporting system that adequately satisfies our reporting obligations. The remedial measures that we intend to take may not fully address the material weakness that we and our independent registered accounting firm have identified, and other material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting may be identified in the future. See “Risk Factors – Risk Related to our Business and Industry—Our independent auditors have identified a significant deficiency in our internal control over financial reporting, and we make no assurances that additional material weaknesses will not be identified in the future.

Results of Operations

Set out below are our consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012 and as a percentage of total revenue:

 

     December 31,  
     2010     2011     2012  
     (in RUB millions)  

Revenue

     6,158        8,158        8,911   

Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

     (3,751     (5,573     (5,454

Selling, general and administrative expenses

     (1,420     (1,543     (1,838

Depreciation and amortization

     (171     (141     (129

Impairment of intangible assets

                   (4
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit from operations

     816        901        1,486   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gain on bargain purchase

            15          

Gain (loss) from disposal of subsidiaries

     7        7        (1

Change in fair value of derivative financial assets

     9                 

Other income

     21        10        17   

Other expenses

     (34     (73     (29

Foreign exchange loss, net

            (12     (21

Share of loss of associates

            (23     (13

Interest income

     5        6        26   

Interest expense

     (3     (4     (9
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit before tax from continuing operations

     821        827        1,456   

Income tax expense

     (204     (241     (408
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net profit from continuing operations

     617        586        1,048   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gain (loss) from discontinued operations

     138        (156     (240
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net profit

     755        430        808   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Attributable to:

      

Equity holders of the parent

     693        520        910   

Non-controlling interests

     62        (90     (102

 

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Set out below are our consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012 as a percentage of total revenue:

 

     December 31,  
         2010             2011             2012      
     (as a percentage of revenue)  

Revenue

     100.0        100.0        100.0   

Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

     (60.9     (68.3     (61.2

Selling, general and administrative expenses

     (23.1     (18.9     (20.7

Depreciation and amortization

     (2.8     (1.7     (1.4

Impairment of intangible assets

                     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit from operations

     13.3        11.1        16.7   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gain on bargain purchase

            0.2          

Gain (loss) from disposal of subsidiaries

     0.1        0.1        (0.1

Change in fair value of derivative financial assets

     0.1                 

Other income

     0.2               0.2   

Other expenses

     (0.6     (0.9     (0.3

Foreign exchange (loss) gain, net

            (0.1     (0.3

Share of loss of an associates

            (0.3     (0.1

Interest income

     0.1               0.3   

Interest expense

                   (0.1
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit before tax from continuing operations

     13.3        10.1        16.3   

Income tax expense

     (3.3     (2.9     (4.5
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net profit from continuing operations

     10.0        7.2        11.8   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gain (Loss) from discontinued operations

     2.3        (1.9     (2.7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net profit

     12.3        5.3        9.1   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Attributable to:

      

Equity holders of the parent

     11.3        6.4        10.2   

Non-controlling interests

     1.0        (1.1     (1.1

Year ended December 31, 2012 compared to year ended December 31, 2011

Revenue

Set out below are our revenues, by source, for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, and as a percentage of total revenue:

 

     December 31,  
     2011      2011      2012      2012  
     (in RUB
millions)
     (% of
revenue)
     (in RUB
millions)
     (% of
revenue)
 

Revenue

     8,158         100.0         8,911         100.0   

Payment processing fees

     7,121         87.3         7,624         85.6   

Revenue from advertising

     262         3.2         454         5.1   

Ancillary revenue

     775         9.5         833         9.3   

Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 8,911 million, an increase of 9%, or RUB 753 million, compared to the same period in 2011. This increase was primarily due to an increase in payment processing fees, in particular for payments made through Qiwi Wallet. Payment processing fees for the year ended December 31, 2012 were RUB 7,624 million, an increase of 7%, or RUB 503 million, compared to the same period in 2011. The increase in payment processing fees resulted from an increase in payment volumes in Qiwi Wallet by 132%, from RUB 65 billion to RUB 152 billion.

 

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The number of active Qiwi Wallet consumers increased from 8.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2011 to 11.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. Average annual payment volume per Qiwi Wallet account increased from RUB 8,028 to RUB 13,260. In Qiwi Distribution, payment volume increased by 14%, from RUB 408 billion to RUB 465 billion, primarily driven by an increase in Visa Qiwi Wallet users reloading their wallets as well as an increase in loan repayments through our kiosks and terminals. The size of our Qiwi Distribution network remained largely unchanged, with 169,102 active kiosks and terminals as of December 31, 2012, compared to 170,384 as of December 31, 2011.

Advertising revenue for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 454 million, an increase of 73%, or RUB 192 million, compared to the same period in 2011. This increase primarily resulted from a significant increase in the number of customers to whom we offered SMS advertising services in 2012.

Ancillary revenue for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 833 million, an increase of 7%, or RUB 58 million, compared to the same period in 2011, primarily due to an increase in interest revenue by 71%, or RUB 97 million, as a result of a greater amount invested in debt instruments and increased cash deposits in interest-bearing accounts as well as increased revenue from cash and settlement services, due to the introduction of additional fees charged for deposits of our agents. These increases were partially offset by a decline in revenue from rent of space for kiosks by 67%, or RUB 180 million, due to the transfer of a significant portion of this business to our associate.

Operating expenses

Set out below are the primary components of our operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, and as a percentage of total revenue:

 

     December 31,  
     2011     2011     2012     2012  
     (in RUB
millions)
    (% of
revenue)
    (in RUB
millions)
    (% of
revenue)
 

Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

     (5,573     (68.3     (5,454     (61.2

Transaction costs

     (4,447     (54.5     (4,420     (49.6

Payroll and related taxes

     (669     (8.2     (712     (8.0

Ancillary expenses

     (457     (5.6     (322     (3.6

Selling, general and administrative expenses

     (1,543     (18.9     (1,839     (20.6

Depreciation and amortization

     (141     (1.7     (129     (1.4

Impairment of Intangible Assets

                   (4       

Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 5,454 million, a decrease of 2%, or RUB 119 million, compared to the same period in 2011. Transaction costs decreased by 1%, or RUB 27 million, in the year ended December 31, 2012, compared to the same period in 2011, from RUB 4,447 million to RUB 4,420 million. We attribute this decrease in transaction costs primarily to a decrease in merchant fees from MNO, which resulted in lower commission fees payable to agents by Qiwi Distribution in 2012. The decrease in transaction costs was partially offset by an increase in total payment volume.

Payroll and related taxes for the year ended December 31, 2012 were RUB 712 million, an increase of 6%, or RUB 43 million, compared to the same period in 2011, primarily due to higher statutory tax rates in Russia and an increase in salaries in line with inflation in Russia over this period.

Ancillary expenses for the year ended December 31, 2012 were RUB 322 million, a decrease of 30%, or RUB 135 million compared to the same period in 2011. The decrease in ancillary expenses primarily resulted from a decrease in the cost of rent of space for kiosks from RUB 238 million to RUB 95 million, due to the transfer of a significant portion of this business to our associate.

 

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Adjusted net revenue and segment net revenue

Adjusted net revenue for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 4,169 million, an increase of 28%, or RUB 915 million, compared to the same period in 2011. The increase in adjusted net revenue is primarily due to a 19% increase in net payment volume, particularly with respect to Qiwi Wallet.

Segment net revenue for Qiwi Distribution for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 2,845 million an increase of 14.1%, or RUB 351 million, compared to the same period in 2011. The increase in segment net revenue was driven by an increase in volume for Qiwi Distribution, while average net revenue yield for Qiwi Distribution remained unchanged at 0.61% for the year ended December 31, 2012, as the increase in net revenue from consumer fees as a percentage of volume of 5 bps and net revenue from value added services as a percentage of volume of 6 bps was offset by a decline in net revenue from merchant fees as a percentage of volume of 11 bps.

Segment net revenue for Qiwi Wallet for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 1,241 million, an increase of 79.9%, or RUB 551 million, compared to the same period in 2011. The increase in segment net revenue was driven by an increase in volume, partially offset by a decrease of 23 bps in average net revenue yield for Qiwi Wallet, from 1.05% for the year ended December 31, 2011 to 0.82% for the year ended December 31, 2012. The decrease in average net revenue yield in Qiwi Wallet resulted primarily from a decline in revenue from consumer fees as a percentage of payment volume partially offset by a decline in direct cost associated with Qiwi Wallet as a percentage of payment volume. Revenue from consumer fees as a percentage of payment volume decreased by 32 bps, while direct costs as a percentage of payment volume decreased by 13 bps.

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2012 were RUB 1,839 million, an increase of 19%, or RUB 296 million, from the same period in 2011. This increase was primarily due to an increase in bad debt expense from RUB 54 million in 2011 to RUB 202 million in 2012 resulting from additional allowances for five of our agents, an increase in payroll and related taxes by 16%, or RUB 141 million, from RUB 889 million in 2011 to RUB 1,030 million in 2012, resulting from an increase in compensation to management in 2012, and recognition of expenses relating to our initial public offering in the amount of RUB 109 million, which were not incurred in 2011. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in advertising and related expenses of RUB 107 million, due to reduced advertising, a decrease in rent of premises and related utility expenses of RUB 21 million and a decrease in professional fees of RUB 20 million. For the year ended December 31, 2012, selling, general and administrative expenses included RUB 61 million of expenses allocated to discontinued operations compared to RUB 141 million in the same period of 2011.

Depreciation and amortization

Depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 129 million, a decrease of 9%, or RUB 12 million compared to the same period in 2011. This decrease resulted primarily from the full amortization of acquired customer relationship intangibles in 2011.

Impairment of intangible assets

Impairment of intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 4 million, resulting from the write-off of obsolete computer software, compared to nil in 2011.

Other non-operating gains and losses

Gain on bargain purchase

Gain on bargain purchase for the year ended December 31, 2012 was nil compared to a gain of RUB 15 million in 2011 as no material acquisitions were made in 2012 other than investment in associates.

Change in pair value of derivative financial assets

There was a decrease in fair value of derivative financial assets for the year ended December 31, 2012, of RUB 0.3 million compared to no change in the same period in 2011. This decrease was due to the disposal in 2012 of certain put and call options we held over shares of subsidiaries and associates.

 

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Other income

Other income for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 17 million, an increase of 70%, or RUB 7 million, compared to the same period in 2011. This increase was primarily due to a gain on the issuance on loans to agents at a higher-than-market interest rates of RUB 8 million.

Other expenses

Other expenses for the year ended December 31, 2012 were RUB 29 million, a decrease of 60%, or RUB 44 million, compared to the same period in 2011. This decrease was primarily due to no recognition of loss related to a discount on loans issued to related parties in 2012, which was partially offset by an increase in share of loss/(profit) for the period attributable to non-controlling interest and accounted for as a liability of RUB 24 million in 2012 as compared to RUB 17 million in 2011.

Foreign exchange gain/(loss), net

Foreign exchange loss, net for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 21 million, an increase of 75%, or RUB 9 million, compared to the same period in 2011. The increase is a result of an increased number of transactions in foreign currencies by our subsidiaries in line with the increase in our operations. Foreign exchange gain/(loss) as a percentage of profit before tax remained stable at approximately 1.4% in 2011 and 2012.

Share of loss of associates

Share of loss of associates for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 13 million, a decrease of 43%, or RUB 10 million, compared to the same period in 2011. This decrease was due to a decrease in the amount of losses of Blestgroup Enterprises Ltd (Cyprus) by RUB 13 million compared to the same period in 2011 which was partially offset by losses incurred by the associated companies acquired in 2012 totalling RUB 3 million.

Income tax

Income tax for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 408 million, an increase of 69%, or RUB 167 million, compared to the same period in 2011, primarily due to the increase in pre-tax income. Our effective tax rate remained relatively constant, decreasing by approximately 1.1%

Gain / (loss) from discontinued operations

Loss from discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 240 million, an increase of 54%, or RUB 84 million, compared to 2011. This increase resulted from certain of our international operations being discontinued during the year ended December 31, 2012, which resulted in a loss from discontinued operations. In addition, we recognized impairment charges and loss on revaluation of held for sale assets to fair value upon their disposal in the amount of RUB 167 million in relation to the discontinuation of operations in the Ukraine, in certain early stage international businesses and in the Diomachin group, which manufactured parts for our kiosks. This was partially offset by the actual disposal of discontinued operations in 2012 resulting in gain of RUB 46 million. Our disposition of Master Loto was not included in discontinued operations as its operations were insignificant.

Non-controlling interests

Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 102 million, an increase of 13%, or RUB 12 million, compared to the same period in 2011, primarily as a result of an increase in losses of certain of our international early-stage businesses.

 

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Year ended December 31, 2011 compared to year ended December 31, 2010

Revenue

Set out below are our revenues, by source, for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2011, and as a percentage of total revenue:

 

     December 31,  
     2010      2010      2011      2011  
     (in RUB
millions)
     (% of
revenue)
     (in RUB
millions)
     (% of
revenue)
 

Revenue

     6,158         100.0         8,158         100.0   

Payment processing fees

     5,561         90.3         7,121         87.3   

Revenue from advertising

     278         4.5         262         3.2   

Ancillary revenue

     319         5.2         775         9.5   

Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 8,158 million, an increase of 32%, or RUB 2,000 million, compared to the same period in 2010. This increase was primarily due to an increase in payment processing fees, in particular for payments made through Qiwi Wallet, and the full year consolidation of Qiwi Bank in 2011, which we acquired in September 2010. Payment processing fees for the year ended December 31, 2011 were RUB 7,121 million, an increase of 28%, or RUB 1,560 million, compared to the same period in 2010. The increase in payment processing fees resulted from an increase in payment volumes in Qiwi Distribution by 13% from RUB 361 billion to RUB 408 billion. We increased the size of our Qiwi Distribution network, with 170,384 active kiosks and terminals as of December 31, 2011, compared to 158,867 as of December 31, 2010. In Qiwi Wallet, we increased our payment volume by 145%, from RUB 27 billion to RUB 65 billion. The number of active Qiwi Wallet consumers increased from 6 million in the year ended December 31, 2010 to 8.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. Average annual payment volume per Qiwi Wallet account increased from RUB 4,460 to RUB 8,028.

Advertising revenue for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 262 million, a decrease of 6%, or RUB 16 million, compared to the same period in 2010. This decrease resulted from a reduction of advertising revenue from the Big Three MNOs, partially offset by the introduction of SMS advertising services and the growth in the number of our advertising customers.

Ancillary revenue for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 775 million, an increase of 143%, or RUB 456 million, compared to the same period in 2010, due primarily to increased interest revenue from investments as a result of the acquisition of Qiwi Bank in September 2010, revenue from rent of space for terminals and interest revenue on agent’s overdrafts.

Operating expenses

Set out below are the primary components of our operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2011, and as a percentage of total revenue:

 

     December 31,  
     2010     2010     2011     2011  
     (in RUB
millions)
    (% of
revenue)
    (in RUB
millions)
    (% of
revenue)
 

Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

     (3,751     (60.9     (5,573     (68.3

Transaction costs

     (3,156     (51.3     (4,447     (54.5

Payroll and related taxes

     (392     (6.4     (669     (8.2

Ancillary expenses

     (203     (3.2     (457     (5.6

Selling, general and administrative expenses

     (1,420     (23.1     (1,543     (18.9

Depreciation and amortization

     (171     (2.8     (141     (1.7

 

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Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 5,573 million, an increase of 49%, or RUB 1,822 million, compared to the same period in 2010. This increase was primarily due to an increase in transaction costs of 41%, or RUB 1,291 million, in the year ended December 31, 2011 compared to the same period in 2010, from RUB 3,156 million to RUB 4,447 million. We attribute this increase in transaction costs primarily to the increase in payment volumes in 2011, in part resulting from a promotional campaign run with MegaFon, which eliminated certain fees charged to consumers and compensated agents for their lost revenue from that elimination by increasing the merchant fee payable by MegaFon. This resulted in a significantly higher portion of transaction costs, as we passed these fees through to our agents.

Payroll and related taxes for the year ended December 31, 2011 were RUB 669 million, an increase of 71%, or RUB 277 million, compared to the same period in 2010, primarily as a result of payroll increases of RUB 84 million related to the full consolidation of Qiwi Bank in October 2010, increases in the average compensation of IT and other operational staff, and, to a lesser extent, in headcount.

Ancillary expenses for the year ended December 31, 2011 were RUB 457 million, an increase of 125%, or RUB 254 million compared to the same period in 2010. The increase in ancillary expenses primarily resulted from the introduction of subleasing terminal and kiosk spaces to agents in 2011.

Adjusted net revenue and segment net revenue

Adjusted net revenue for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 3,254 million, an increase of 16%, or RUB 455 million, compared the same period in 2010. The increase in adjusted net revenue is primarily due to an increase in net payment volumes of 15%, particularly with respect to Qiwi Wallet.

Segment net revenue for Qiwi Distribution for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 2,494 million an increase of RUB 18 million, compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase in segment net revenue was driven by an increase in payment volume for Qiwi Distribution, partially offset by a decrease in average net revenue yield for Qiwi Distribution by 8 bps from 0.69% for the year ended December 31, 2010 to 0.61% for the year ended December 31, 2011. The decrease in average net revenue yield in Qiwi Distribution resulted primarily from a decline in net revenue from merchant fees as a percentage of volume by 13 bps partially offset by an increase of the consumer fees as a percentage of payment volume by 5 bps.

Segment net revenue for Qiwi Wallet for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 690 million, an increase of 133%, or RUB 394 million, compared to the same period in 2010. The increase in segment net revenue was driven by an increase in payment volume, partially offset by a decrease of 6 bps in average net revenue yield for Qiwi Wallet, from 1.11% for the year ended December 31, 2010 to 1.05% for the year ended December 31, 2011. The decrease in average net revenue yield in Qiwi Wallet primarily resulted from an increase in costs associated with Qiwi Wallet consumers reloading their wallets partially offset by an increase in revenue from consumer fees as a percentage of payment volume. Specifically, the consumer fees as a percentage of payment volume increased by 113 bps, the merchant fees as a percentage of payment volume decreased by 54 bps while the reload costs as a percentage of payment volume increased by 40 bps.

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2011 were RUB 1,543 million, an increase of 8%, or RUB 123 million, from the same period in 2010. This increase was primarily due to an increase in payroll and related taxes by 15%, or RUB 117 million, from RUB 772 million in the year ended December 31, 2010 to RUB 889 million in the year ended December 31, 2011, resulting from the full consolidation of Qiwi Bank in October 2010 and an increase in rent of premises and related utility expenses of

 

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50%. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in bank service expense of RUB 68 million due to the acquisition of Qiwi Bank, and a decrease in advertising and related expenses of RUB 58 million due to a large-scale TV advertising campaign conducted in 2010. For the year ended December 31, 2011, selling, general and administrative expenses included RUB 141 million of expenses allocated to discontinued operations. For the year ended December 31, 2010, selling, general and administrative expenses included RUB 80 million of expenses allocated to discontinued operations.

Depreciation and amortization

Depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 141 million, a decrease of 18%, or RUB 30 million compared to the same period in 2010. This decrease resulted from certain intangible assets that became fully amortized in 2011, which was partially offset by additional depreciation and amortization in connection with additions to property and equipment and intangible assets in 2011.

Other non-operating gains and losses

Gain on bargain purchase

Gain on bargain purchase for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 15 million, compared to no gain or loss in 2010. This increase was due to the acquisition of Instant Payments LLP in December 2011.

Change in fair value of derivative financial assets

There was no change in fair value of derivative financial assets for the year ended December 31, 2011, a decrease from a change of RUB 9 million in the same period in 2010. This decrease was due to the re-measurement to fair value call options over the shares of a subsidiary and an associate in 2011 after entering into the respective call option agreements for no consideration subsequently to and separately from the acquisition of such subsidiary.

Other income

Other income for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 10 million, a decrease of 52%, or RUB 11 million, compared to the same period in 2010. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in the income from penalties for the year ended December 31, 2011 of 82%, or RUB 9 million, compared to the same period in 2010.

Other expenses

Other expenses for the year ended December 31, 2011 were RUB 73 million, an increase of 115%, or RUB 39 million, compared to the same period in 2010. This increase was primarily due to recognition of loss related to a discount on loans issued to related parties of RUB 31 million resulting from the remeasurement of a loan to fair value to adjust the discount granted to the market rate of interest. The loan arose in connection with the assignment of a lease deposit to our associate entity, Blestgroup Enterprises Ltd. as part of the transfer of our leasing operations to it.

Foreign exchange (loss) gain, net

Foreign exchange loss, net for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 12 million, an increase of RUB 12 million compared to the same period in 2010. This increase was due to the exchange rate losses recognized between the dates dividends were declared and paid to our shareholders and, to a lesser extent, the effect of devaluation of the Belarusian ruble and the Kazakh tenge against the ruble, in which intercompany loans payable to the Company were denominated.

 

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Share of loss of associates

Share in loss of associates for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 23 million, compared to no loss in the same period in 2010. This increase was due to losses incurred by our associate, Blestgroup Enterprises Ltd.

Income tax

Income tax in for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 241 million, an increase of 18%, or RUB 37 million, compared to the same period in 2010, primarily due to an increase in profits before taxes. Our effective tax rate increased from 25% in the year ended December 31, 2010 to 29% in 2011. This increase resulted primarily from higher non-deductible expenses in 2011 and, to a lesser extent, higher tax effect of foreign earnings arising from higher amount of earnings taxed in Russia in 2011.

Gain / (loss) from discontinued operations

Loss from discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 156 million, an increase of 213%, or RUB 294 million, compared to a gain from discontinued operations during the same period in 2010. This loss was due to certain discontinued operations, following our international expansion in 2011, which resulted in significant losses in discontinued operations. In addition, the loss in 2011 was the result of a decline in revenues from Pay Kiosk of its sales of transaction recording devices for kiosks to agents after the completion of a transitional period upon introduction of the new law on electronic payment systems in Russia in 2010.

Non-controlling interests

Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 90 million, a decrease of RUB 152 million compared to the same period in 2010, primarily as a result of an increase in losses of certain of our international early-stage businesses.

Seasonality

Our Qiwi Distribution segment, which accounted for 68.2% of our adjusted net revenues and 76.4% of our total revenues in 2012 has experienced in the past, and is expected to continue to experience, seasonal fluctuations in revenue as a result of consumer spending patterns. Historically our revenues have been strongest in our third (representing 26% of our revenue in 2012) and fourth quarters (representing 28% of our revenue in 2012), and weakest in our first quarter (representing 22% of our revenue in 2012). This is due to the increase in payment volumes leading up to the Russian Christmas and New Year holidays. Given the significant growth in Qiwi Wallet, we are unable to determine yet whether it exhibits any seasonality.

Quarterly financial information

The following tables present our unaudited consolidated quarterly results of operations for the eight consecutive quarters ended December 31, 2012. You should read the following tables together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes contained elsewhere in this prospectus. We have prepared the unaudited quarterly information on the same basis as our audited consolidated financial statements.

Our operating results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results for any future quarters or for a full year.

 

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Consolidated Statement of Operations

 

    Three months ended  

(in RUB millions)

  March 31,
2011
    June 30,
2011
    September 30,
2011
    December 31,
2011
    March 31,
2012
    June 30,
2012
    September 30,
2012
    December 31,
2012
 

Revenue

    1,620        1,835        2,384        2,319        1,913        2,113        2,293        2,592   

Cost of revenue

    1,055        1,197        1,698        1,623        1,245        1,328        1,368        1,513   

Selling, general and administrative expenses

    372        341        370        460        414        353        413        658   

Depreciation and amortization

    43        32        33        33        39        34        24        32   

Impairment of intangible assets

                                                     4   

Profit from operations

    150        265        283        203        215        398        488        385   

Gain on bargain purchase

                         15                               

Gain from disposal of subsidiaries

           5               2                      (1       

Other income

    2        6        1        1        2        2        1        12   

Other expenses

    (9     (10     (10     (44     (27     (1     (1       

Foreign exchange (loss) gain, net

    (5     (11     7        (3     (27     34        (15     (13

Share of loss of associates

           (6     (8     (9     (1     (6     (13     7   

Interest income

    1               1        4        9        4        9        4   

Interest expense

                  (1     (3            (3     (3     (3

Profit before tax from continuing operations

    139        249        273        166        171        428        465        392   

Income tax expense

    (41     (51     (96     (53     (50     (121     (108     (129

Net profit from continuing operations

    98        198        177        113        121        307        357        263   

Loss from discontinued operations

    (23     (25     (67     (41     (50     (236     46          

Net profit

    75        173        110        72        71        71        403        263   

Attributable to:

               

Equity holders of the parent

    86        182        139        113        96        120        419        275   

Non-controlling interests

    (11     (9     (29     (41     (25     (49     (16     (12

Liquidity and capital resources

Our principal sources of liquidity are cash on hand, deposits received from agents and consumers, and revenues generated from our operations.

Our principal needs for liquidity have been, and will likely continue to be, deposits with merchants and other working capital items, capital expenditures and acquisitions. Although our current liabilities generally exceed our current assets, we believe that our working capital is sufficient to meet our current obligations since we do not expect our agents to withdraw their deposits in the short term.

Our balance of cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2012 was RUB 9,943 million compared to RUB 8,810 million as of December 31, 2011 and RUB 6,892 million as of December 31, 2010. Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at banks and cash on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less.

An important part of our credit risk management and payment settlement strategy in Qiwi Distribution relies on deposits we receive from agents in advance for payments made through the kiosks. When a payment is made through a kiosk, we offset these deposits against the payments we make to the merchant. For certain agents with whom we have long and reliable relationships, we provide limited credit support in the form of overdrafts and loans for processing payments.

Similarly, certain of our merchants (primarily the Big Three MNOs) request that we make deposits with them in relation to payments processed through our kiosks. Whenever a customer makes a payment to a merchant

 

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with whom we have made a deposit, that payment gets offset against the deposit held with the respective merchant.

As of December 31, 2012, deposits received from agents and individual customers were RUB 9,856 million, compared to RUB 7,591 million as of December 31, 2011 and RUB 7,214 million as of December 31, 2010. As of December 31, 2012, deposits issued to our merchants were RUB 1,996 million, compared to RUB 1,183 million as of December 31, 2011 and RUB 618 million as of December 31, 2010.

Capital Expenditures

Our capital expenditures primarily relate to the acquisition of IT equipment for our processing system and the acquisition and development of software that we use in operations. We expect that our capital expenditures (purchases of property, equipment and intangible assets) in 2013 will be approximately RUB 100 million. Capital expenditures were RUB 78 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, RUB 139 million for the year ended December 31, 2011 and RUB 154 million for the year ended December 31, 2010.

Cash Flow

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the years ended 2010, 2011 and 2012:

 

     December 31,  
     2010     2011     2012  
     (in RUB million)   

Net cash flow from operating activities

     6,519        2,049        3,499   

Net cash flow from investing activities

     (1,352     339        1,498   

Net cash flow used in financing activities

     (375     (472     (871

Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

     (12     3        3   

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     4,780        1,919        1,133   

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period

     2,112        6,892        8,810   

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period

     6,892        8,810        9,943   

Including cash and cash equivalents from discontinued operations

      

Cash flows from operating activities

Net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 3,499 million, compared to RUB 2,049 million for the same period in 2011. The primary driver for the increase in cash from operating activities was an increase in deposits from individuals and payables to merchants due to growth of volume in Qiwi Wallet, the growth of deposits from agents due to the longer New Year holiday season in Russia in 2013, and increased profitability. This increase was partially offset by withdrawals of cash by customers and related parties from Qiwi Bank, higher deposits placed with merchants in 2012, and an increase in loan financing to agents by Qiwi Bank.

Net cash flows from operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 2,049 million, compared to RUB 6,519 million for the same period in 2010, due primarily to a change in the policy of deposits with significant merchants in 2010 after the acquisition of Qiwi Bank in September 2010, which resulted in a decrease in trade and other receivables of RUB 5,350 million. Following the acquisition of Qiwi Bank, we now place significant deposits with the CBR over the New Years’ holidays, which are classified as cash and cash equivalents and debt instruments, while previously this cash was placed as deposits with merchants. The decrease in operating cash flows was also influenced by an increase in amounts due to customers due to deposits placed with Qiwi Bank by related parties in the end of 2010 compared to a relatively small increase in such amounts in 2011. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in payables to merchants and an increase in the amounts of deposits received from individuals due to growth of Qiwi Wallet in 2011 of RUB 558 million and a decrease resulting from changes in the lease deposit of RUB 713 million.

 

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Cash flows from investing activities

Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 1,498 million, compared to net cash flows from investing activities of RUB 339 million for the same period in 2011. The increase in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due investments of RUB 1,360 in debt instruments during 2012 and increased investments in associates of RUB 93 million in 2012 as compared to RUB 4 million in 2011.

Net cash flows from investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 339 million, compared to net cash used of RUB 1,352 million for the same period in 2010. The increase in net cash flows from investing activities was primarily due to RUB 1,315 million net outflow from investments in debt instruments in 2010 compared to a net inflow of RUB 509 million in 2011. This change in net cash inflows was partially offset by reduction in cash flows from acquisitions of shares in subsidiaries. In 2010, there was an inflow of RUB 132 million resulting from excess of cash held by Qiwi Bank over the consideration paid for its acquisition in 2010 compared to an insignificant cash effect of acquisitions in 2011.

Cash flows used in financing activities

Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2012 was RUB 871 million, compared to RUB 472 million for the same period in 2011. The increase in net cash used in financing activities was primarily due to the payment of a higher amount of dividends to our shareholders.

Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2011 was RUB 472 million, compared to RUB 375 million for the same period in 2010. The increase in net cash used in financing activities was primarily due to an increase in dividends paid to our shareholders and to non-controlling interests, a reduction in proceeds from the disposal of non-controlling interests, and a reduction in short-term borrowings.

Borrowings

As of December 31, 2012, our outstanding borrowings consisted of loans to our subsidiaries from non-controlling shareholders of RUB 55 million and other borrowings of RUB 10 million.

On September 6, 2012, OSMP entered into two short-term facility agreements of up to RUB 400 million and RUB 500 million with a commitment fee payable of 0.65% per annum, and interest payable on amounts drawn and outstanding at 10.3% and 10.2% per annum, respectively. The facilities are guaranteed by our chief executive officer. The RUB 500 million facility terminated on January 17, 2013 and the RUB 400 million facility terminates on September 6, 2013. As of December 31, 2012, both facilities were fully repaid.

Tabular Disclosure on Contractual Obligations

The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2012:

 

      Total      less than
one year
     one to
three years
     three to
five years
     more
than five
years
 
    

(in RUB millions)

 

Debt obligations

     72         32         40                   

Operating lease obligations

     555         94         139         123         199   

Total contractual obligations

     627         126         179         123         199   

Critical accounting policies and significant estimates

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS, which require us to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, net sales and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The most significant estimates relate to the

 

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recognition of revenue, assessment of the useful life of property and equipment, assessment of the useful life of intangible assets, determination of the fair values of assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations, impairment of goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives, allowance for deferred tax assets, and impairment of loans and receivables. We have based our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

An accounting policy is considered to be critical if it requires an accounting estimate to be made based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made, and if different estimates that reasonably could have been used, or changes in the accounting estimates that are reasonably likely to occur periodically, could materially impact the consolidated financial statements. We believe that the following critical accounting policies are the most sensitive and require more significant estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. You should read the following descriptions of critical accounting policies, judgments and estimates in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and other disclosures included in this prospectus.

Revenue recognition

We exercise significant judgment in reaching a conclusion about our accounting policy for gross versus net reporting of payment processing fees and related transaction costs.

A merchant fee, when it is charged, is recorded gross of related costs, because we (i) are the primary obligor as we undertake to transfer the customer payment to the merchant using our payment processing system; (ii) we negotiate and ultimately set the commission rate receivable from a merchant; and (iii) we bear credit risk in most of the cases, unless the payment is made from a deposit made with our group.

A consumer fee, when it is charged on payments made by consumers through kiosks and terminals, is reported net of any fees payable to or retained by agents. This is because, although we are the primary obligor, we do not have any discretion over the ultimate commission set by the agent as a kiosk or terminal owner to the customer, we do not have readily available information about the gross commission, and we are only exposed to the net amount of commission payable to us by the agent.

A consumer fee collected through mobile operators and other payment methods is reported gross of related transaction costs. Such payments are made by consumers through our website or an application using a unique user login and password, and are called electronic payments. In contrast with the consumer fee collected through kiosks and terminals, we, being a primary obligor in electronic payment transactions, also set the consumer fee, although credit risk for these transactions is limited. Thus, we have concluded that our ability to control the consumer fee for electronic payments is a key differentiator from the customer fees on payments collected through our kiosks and terminals.

Useful life of property and equipment

We assess the remaining useful lives of items of property and equipment at least at each financial year-end. If expectations differ from previous estimates, the changes are accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate in accordance with IAS 8 “Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors”. These estimates may have a material impact on the amount of the carrying values of property and equipment and on depreciation recognized in profit or loss.

Useful life of intangible assets

Software and other intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. The cost of other intangible assets acquired in a business combination is the fair value as of the date of acquisition.

 

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Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. We assess the remaining useful lives of intangible assets at each reporting date, unless the useful life is indefinite. If expectations differ from previous estimates, the changes are accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate in accordance with IAS 8 “Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors”. These estimates may have a material impact on the amount of the carrying values of intangible assets and on the amount of amortization expenses recognized in profit or loss. In particular, we have revised the useful life of e-port software and trademarks within the period of 2010 to 2011. The effect of software useful lives changes was nil in 2012 (2011: a gain amounting to RUB 17 million; 2010: a gain amounting to RUB 26 million). These changes were mainly driven by the revision of our plans of merger of e-port and OSMP, including the merger of the brand and the processing system, which were significantly revised in 2012, 2011 and 2010.

Fair values of assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations

We recognize separately, at the acquisition date, the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities acquired or assumed in the business combination at their fair values, which involves estimates. Such estimates are based on valuation techniques, which require considerable judgment in forecasting future cash flows and developing other assumptions. When the amounts of fair values are significant, we hire third party appraisers to assist in determining the related fair values.

Impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets

In order to determine whether the goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are impaired, it is necessary to estimate the value in use of the cash-generating units to which the goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are allocated. Estimating the value in use requires us to make an estimate of the expected future cash flows from the cash-generating unit, or CGU, and to choose a suitable discount rate in order to calculate the present value of those cash flows, and hence such estimates are subject to uncertainty.

Deferred tax assets

The utilization of deferred tax assets will depend on whether it is possible to generate sufficient taxable income against which the deductible temporary differences can be utilized. Various factors are used to assess the probability of the future utilization of deferred tax assets, including past operating results, operational plans, expiration of tax losses carried forward, and tax planning strategies. The carrying amounts of deferred tax assets were RUB 102 million as of December 31, 2012, RUB 98 million as of December 31, 2011 and RUB 108 million as of December 31, 2010 net of allowances of RUB 7 million as of December 31, 2012, RUB 57 million which was recorded at December 31, 2011 and RUB 13 million as of December 31, 2010 to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets to the recoverable amounts.

The allowance relates to deferred tax assets which were not recorded because we do not expect to realize certain of our tax loss carry forwards in the foreseeable future due to the history of losses.

Impairment of loans and receivables

Our management maintains a reserve for impairment of loans and receivables to account for estimated losses resulting from the inability of customers to make required payments. When evaluating the adequacy of an impairment of loans and receivables, our management bases its estimates on the aging of accounts receivable balances and loans and historical write-off experience, customer credit worthiness and changes in customer payment terms. If the financial condition of customers were to deteriorate, actual write-offs might be higher than expected.

As of December 31, 2012, the impairment of loans and receivables was recorded amounting to RUB 385 million, RUB 258 million as of December 31, 2011, and RUB 186 million as of December 31, 2010.

 

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Share-based payment expense

We estimate the fair value of share options that are expected to vest using the Black-Scholes-Merton (BSM) option pricing model and recognize the share-based payment expense ratably over the requisite service period applicable to each option vesting tranche. We used the following assumptions in our option-pricing model when valuing share-based awards:

 

     Year ended
December 31,
2012
 

Expected life of the options (years)

     5.0-6.5   

Expected annual price volatility

     28-30

Risk-free interest rate

     0.75-1.09

Expected dividend yield

     0

Estimated fair value of the underlying share on the grant date (U.S.$)

     $15.84   

Grant-date fair value of the options (U.S.$)

     5.34-5.73   

The expected life of the option represents the period during which our option awards are expected to be outstanding. The expected life of each option tranche is based on the simplified method outlined in Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, Share-Based Compensation, because we are a privately held company with a share-based compensation plan that is relatively new. Accordingly, we have no experience or history to be able to determine the expected life over which our option awards will be held before exercise. This method is also in line with the requirements of IFRS 2 Share-Based Payment.

With respect to price volatility, because we have been operating as a private company since inception with no active market for our shares or option awards, it is not possible to use actual price volatility data. Therefore, we estimate the volatility of our shares based on the historical volatility of peer group companies over a period which approximates our expected life of option awards. Using an expected volatility based on the average historical volatility of other entities may result in variability when compared to actual historical volatility once we have a public market for our shares.

We base the risk-free interest rate that we use in our option-pricing model on the implied yield currently available on the US treasury bills with a remaining term approximating the expected life of the option award being valued.

In the past, we have declared and paid dividends, including with respect to the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012. Currently, we do not have any plan to pay cash dividends on our shares in the foreseeable future. Any future determination regarding the reservation of part of the profits and distributions to shareholders will depend on a range of factors, including the availability of distributable profits, our liquidity and financial position, restrictions imposed by our financing arrangements, tax considerations, planned acquisitions, and other relevant factors. Since we have no plans to pay cash dividends in the near term, we used an expected dividend yield of zero in our option pricing model for option awards granted in the year ended December 31, 2012.

We determine the amount of share-based compensation expense based on awards that we ultimately expect to vest, taking into account estimated forfeitures. IFRS requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. To properly attribute compensation expense, we are required to estimate pre-vesting forfeitures at the time of grant and revise those estimates in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. We have no past history of forfeitures, but the retention rate amongst our key employees and management was historically high. Therefore, our forfeiture rate is expected to be insignificant. As a result, we have applied an estimated forfeiture rate of zero. If the actual forfeiture rate is materially different from the estimate, share-based compensation expense could be materially lower than what has been recorded.

 

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Because there has been no public market for our shares, with the assistance of an independent valuation firm, we determined the fair value of our shares on the basis of valuations of our company arrived at by employing the “income approach” and the “market approach” valuation methodologies.

Under the income approach, we relied on the discounted cash flows (DCF) method. The DCF method involves applying appropriate discount rates to estimated cash flows that are based on forecasts of revenue and costs. Key assumptions associated with the income approach include projected revenue, profit and cash flows which reflect management’s best estimates of our future operations at the time; a terminal value, which attributes value to cash flows for the years beyond the projection period; and a discount rate, which reflects then expected market rates of interest rates and risks associated with the business.

Under the market approach, we relied on the guideline publicly traded company method as well as the prior transaction method, if such transactions were available. The guideline publicly traded company method provides an indication of our value by comparing the enterprise value to earnings and revenue multiples of similar publicly traded companies in our industry. In applying the prior transaction method, we would consider the most recent transaction in our company’s shares.

To estimate the fair value of our shares for the December 2012 grants, the income approach, using the DCF method, and the market approach were employed. In the DCF method, a post-tax discount rate of 12.5% was used. A discount for lack of marketability of 8.21% was also applied. DCF was used as the primary method and the guideline publicly traded company approach was used to determine if the DCF valuation was in the range of reasonable values for December 2012 option awards.

The prior transaction method was not used for the December 2012 valuation study because it was determined that duration of time and respective changes in market conditions since the most recent arm’s length transaction with our shares that closed in December 2010 rendered this transaction a less reliable indicator of the value of our company. However, the prior transaction method provided an indirect evidence of the fair value of our shares. In particular, the publicly disclosed value of the transaction between our shareholders in December 2010 was U.S.$ 24.1 million for 3.74% of our shares, representing approximately U.S.$ 12.40 per share. The growth of the estimated share price from U.S.$ 12.40 per share in December 2010 to U.S.$15.84 on December 2012, as implied by the DCF method and market approach, or 27%, was linked to a number of factors, including improving performance in 2011 and 2012 and improved liquidity prospects due to the planned initial public offering.

The DCF method used to estimate the fair value of our shares is highly sensitive to growth rates, with the principal drivers being the level of internet traffic, our market share, and the size of the online advertising market generally. Additionally, the guideline public company method is highly sensitive to the choice of guideline companies and changes in market multiples of those guideline companies, as well as our company’s relative performance in comparison with the selected peers.

On December 21, 2012, our board of directors approved the grant of option awards to purchase an aggregate of 2,216,778 shares at an exercise price of U.S.$13.6452 per share. We recognized RUB 66 million in share-based payment expenses in 2012, based on a fair value on the grant date ranging from U.S.$5.34 to U.S.$5.73 per option granted.

 

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Off-Balance Sheet Items

We do not have any off-balance sheet financing arrangements.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk

The main risks that could adversely affect our financial assets, liabilities or future cash flows are interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk, liquidity and capital management risks and credit risk. Our management reviews and supports policies for managing each of the risks summarized below.

Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk arises from the possibility that changes in interest rates will affect future cash flows or the fair values of financial instruments. Our income and operating cash flows are substantially independent of changes in market interest rates, because we have no significant interest-bearing assets or liabilities except for borrowings with a fixed interest rate. We used fixed rate instruments in 2011 and 2012.

Foreign exchange risk

Foreign exchange risk is the risk that fluctuations in exchange rates will adversely affect items in our statement of comprehensive income, statement of financial position and/or cash flows. Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities give rise to foreign exchange exposure.

As of December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our net assets in foreign currencies were not significant. Taking into account the structure of our net assets and the exchange rates fluctuations in 2010, 2011 and 2012, we evaluated foreign exchange risk as not significant.

Liquidity risk and capital management

We use cash from shareholders’ contributions, have sufficient cash and do not have any significant outstanding debt other than interbank debt with short maturities (classified as due from banks). Deposits received from agents are also due on demand, but are usually offset against future payments processed through agents. We expect that agents’ deposits will continue to be offset against future payments and not be called by the agents. Amounts due to customers and amounts due to banks and trade and other payables are due on demand.

According to the requirements of the CBR, Qiwi Bank’s capital calculated based on Russian accounting standards may not be less than 10% of assets adjusted by risk. As of December 31, 2012, Qiwi Bank’s capital as a percentage of assets adjusted by risk was 14% as compared to 46.4% as of December 31, 2011 and 40.58% as of December 31, 2010, thereby exceeding the required level in each respective period. Qiwi Bank monitors the fulfillment of these requirements on a daily basis and sends a report to CBR on a monthly basis. During 2010, 2011, and 2012 Qiwi Bank met the capital adequacy requirements of the CBR.

As of December 31, 2012, the capital adequacy coefficient adjusted by risk calculated in accordance with the Basel Accord agreement was 26%, as compared with 114% as of December 31, 2011 and 140% as of December 31, 2010, which exceeded the minimum level established by the agreement of 8%.

We manage our capital structure and make adjustments to it in light of changes in economic conditions. Capital includes share capital, additional paid-in capital, other reserves and translation reserve. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, we may return capital to shareholders or issue new shares. Currently, we require

 

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capital to finance our growth, but we generate sufficient capital from our operations. The table below summarizes the maturity profile of our financial liabilities based on contractual undiscounted payments.

 

     Total      Due:
On demand
     Within
a year
     More than
a year
 
     (in RUB millions)  

Long-term and short-term borrowings

     65                 26         39   

Trade and other payables

     14,934         14,934                   

Amounts due to customers and amounts due to banks

     945         945                   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total as of December 31, 2012

     15,944         15,879         26         39   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Credit risk

Financial assets, which potentially subject us and our subsidiaries and associates to credit risk, consist principally of trade receivables, loans receivable issued, cash and, short-term investments. We sell services on a prepayment basis or ensures that our receivables are from customers with an appropriate credit history – large merchants and agents with sufficient and appropriate credit history. Our receivables from merchants and others, except for agents, are generally non-interest-bearing and do not require collateral. Receivables and loans from agents are interest-bearing and are primarily secured by collateral, which includes pledge of agents’ assets and guarantees. This collateral does not meet recognition criteria under IFRS and may be insufficient to cover the receivables, but is taken into account when assessing the impairment of related receivables and loans. We hold cash primarily with reputable Russian and international banks including Central Bank of Russia, which management considers to have minimal risk of default, although credit ratings of Russian and Kazakh banks are generally lower than those of the banks in more developed markets. Our short-term investments include fixed-rate debt instruments insured by the top Russian banks.

The carrying amount of accounts receivable, net of allowance for impairment of receivables, represents the maximum amount exposed to credit risk for this type of receivables. The table below demonstrates the largest counterparties’ balances and revenues, as a percentage of respective totals:

 

Concentration of credit risks by main
counterparties, % from total amount
   Trade and other receivables     Revenue  
   As of
December 31,
2010
    As of
December 31,
2011
    As of
December 31,
2012
    2010     2011     2012  

Top 5

     33     41     60     58     45     22

Others

     67     59     40     42     55     78

Collection of receivables could be influenced by economic factors. Management believes that there is no significant risk of loss to us beyond the allowance already recorded.

 

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THE PAYMENT SERVICES MARKET IN RUSSIA AND KAZAKHSTAN

Russia and Kazakhstan are large economies experiencing rapid economic growth, where the payment infrastructure is primarily cash-based. Electronic payments, including bank transfers and credit, debit and other payment cards, are still developing and have not yet been fully adopted by consumers and merchants alike. The QIWI payment system, through its self-service kiosks and virtual wallets, offers payment services that can link otherwise disconnected consumers to merchants, both online and offline, in these markets.

The Macroeconomic Environment and Consumer Spending in Russia and Kazakhstan

According to the International Monetary Fund, or IMF, Russia was the ninth most populous country and the ninth largest economy in 2011, with a population of 142 million and nominal GDP of 5,437 RUB billion. Russia’s nominal GDP experienced a compound annual growth rate, or CAGR, of 13.3% from 2006 through 2011 and its real GDP experienced a CAGR of 2.8% over the same period. The IMF expects continued strong growth going forward. Russia has also experienced a low unemployment rate of 6.6% in 2011, and unemployment is expected to decline according to Edgar Dunn & Company. Concurrently, according to Edgar Dunn & Company there was significant growth in personal disposable income per capita in 2011 with a projected increase in household consumption from 2012 to 2016. These factors contribute to increased levels of disposable income and greater capacity to spend for the Russian consumer.

Kazakhstan, a member of the CIS and a country that has traditionally demonstrated strong ties to Russia, had a population of 16.7 million and a nominal GDP of $186 billion in 2011. It is also expected to enjoy rapid economic growth, with a forecasted 10.3% CAGR of its nominal GDP and 6% of CAGR of its real GDP from 2011 to 2016 according to the IMF.

Growth in the Russian Payment Services Market

In January 2012, Euromonitor International estimated the size of the Russian consumer payments market to be 23,013 RUB billion in 2011. It is composed of several key segments, including mobile and other telecommunications services, consumer loan payments, ecommerce, and utilities. According to Euromonitor International, the market grew rapidly, at an 8.2% CAGR from 2009 to 2011, and is expected to continue growing at a 5.2% CAGR from 2011 to 2013. Cash is currently the preferred consumer payment method in Russia, accounting for approximately 94% of payment volume according to Edgar Dunn & Company. For Kazakhstan, cash constitutes an even higher portion of payment volume at approximately 97%.

Euromonitor International estimates that cash will remain the dominant payment method in Russia for the next several years and predicts that cash will constitute approximately 87% of the market in 2016. Russia’s reliance on cash as the primary method of payment is driven by the following factors:

 

   

Underdeveloped payments infrastructure – Russia lacks payment terminals compatible with credit and debit cards, especially in smaller cities. The projected number of payment terminals per 100,000 people in Russia in 2014 is expected to be less than a third of the current number of payment terminals per 100,000 people in the U.S., according to Edgar Dunn & Company. As such, cash is the most convenient payment method even for consumers with access to financial services.

 

   

Low usage of cards amongst Russian consumers – While debit card issuance is on par with the U.S., according to Edgar Dunn & Company over 85% of all debit card transactions were for ATM cash withdrawals in 2011, demonstrating low usage of cards for purchases amongst Russian consumers.

Although cash is the primary means of payment in Russia and Kazakhstan, due to the rapid growth of the Internet and ecommerce in Russia, facilitating payments to internet merchants is becoming increasingly

 

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important. The total volume of ecommerce in Russia is expected to grow from 222 RUB billion in 2009 to 1,095 RUB billion in 2017 according to J’Son & Partners Consulting. According to Edgar, Dunn & Company, the number of Internet users in Russia has increased significantly from 9.2 million to nearly 70 million between 2000 and 2011, representing 6% and 48% of the Russian population, respectively, and is expected to continue to grow, with almost 70% of Russians expected to have Internet access by 2015. The number of Russians purchasing goods and services online is forecasted to increase from 16.3 million in 2011 to 28.3 million by 2015. Furthermore, with rapidly increasing smartphone penetration, Russian internet subscribers are able to access the Internet at any time, in any place, thereby increasing time spent online and potential consumption.

The tables below show the historical, estimated and forecasted number of internet users in Russia for 2009 through 2016 and payment volume for online shops in Russia for 2009 through 2017.

 

Internet users in Russia (mm)

Actual

  EIU estimate   CAGR   Forecast   CAGR

2009A

  2010E   2011E   ’09 –’11   2012F   2013F   2014F   2015F   2016F   ’12 –’16

41.2

  60.9   69.3   29.7%   76.6   81.7   86.1   89.8   93.0   5.0%

Source: Economic intelligence Unit and Edgar, Dunn and Company

 

Payment volume of online shops in Russia, 2009–2017 (RUB bn)

Actual

  CAGR   Forecast   CAGR

2009A

  2010A   2011A   ’09 –’11   2012E   2013F   2014F   2015F   2016F   2017F   ’12 –’17

222

  304   385   31.6%   503   611   715   820   945   1,095   16.8%

Source: J’son & Partners Consulting

Due to Russia’s continued reliance on cash and growing payments for ecommerce merchants, there is a need in the market for a payment solution that can connect consumers to merchants, both offline and online, in a convenient and secure way. We believe that this need is met by kiosk and virtual wallet providers who have the capability to accept cash through their kiosk networks, convert it into digital form and enable efficient electronic payments for goods and services for both ecommerce and offline merchants and service providers.

Kiosk market

Kiosks are cash-accepting self-service terminals where consumers can make payments for utility bills, mobile phone bills and reloads, money transfers, and other goods and services. According to Edgar, Dunn & Company, kiosks are popular among utility, mobile and other companies as they reduce payment time, reach a wider consumer segment particularly in distant geographies and provide information to consumers. Kiosks only require one square meter of floor space, a power source and either a phone or internet connection, and can therefore be located in a range of convenient locations, both in areas of foot-traffic or in remote areas of Russia to fill the financial services gap. According to J’Son & Partners Consulting, the number of non-bank kiosks in Russia is estimated at approximately 227,900 and in Kazakhstan at approximately 16,200. According to Edgar, Dunn and Company the number of Russians using kiosks to make payments, including utility bills, mobile and landline telephone payments, loan payments, virtual wallet reloads, payments to government entities and for internet shopping, increased from 39% to 67% between 2010 and 2012. According to J’Son & Partners Consulting, the total payment volume through non-bank kiosks in projected to grow from 729 RUB billion in 2011 to 875 RUB billion in 2017. Kiosks are also gaining popularity with online banks, virtual wallet providers and money transfer operators as a channel to enable online payments, domestic transfers and cross-border remittances. Some kiosk operators are further looking to using their network to expand into value added services such as advertising.

While there are a number of companies in the kiosk industry in Russia and Kazakhstan, we have a significant market share along with CyberPlat and RBK. Banks have previously tried to compete with kiosks using their ATM networks to provide additional functionalities such as bill payments and money transfer.

 

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However, according to Edgar Dunn & Company, the average cost (direct and indirect) of installing an ATM is typically significantly higher than that of installing a kiosk terminal, leaving the banks at a distinct disadvantage in terms of cost to expand their networks. In some cases, the cost of installing an ATM can be as high as $55,000 compared to $2,500 to install a kiosk.

The tables below show the historical, estimated and forecasted payment volumes for non-bank kiosks in Russia and Kazakhstan between 2009 and 2017.

 

Non-bank kiosk payment volume in Russia (Rub mm)

Actual

  CAGR   Forecast   CAGR

2009A

  2010A   2011A   ’09 –’11   2012E   2013F   2014F   2015F   2016F   2017F   ’12 – ‘17

580

  660   729   12.1%   762   791   816   838   858   875   2.8%

 

Non-bank kiosk payment volume in Kazakhstan (Rub mm)

Actual

  CAGR   Forecast   CAGR

2009A

  2010A   2011A   ’09 –’11   2012E   2013F   2014F   2015F   2016F   2017F   ’12 – ’17F

22

  30   41   36.8%   59   66   76   86   97   108   13.1%

Source: J’son & Partners

Virtual wallet market

Virtual wallets are Internet-based digital accounts that enable end-customers and merchants to store funds, transact with third parties and transfer money online using local and international payment methods.

The Russian virtual wallet market emerged in the late 1990s with the proliferation of the Internet. Benefiting from the growth and adoption of the Internet, the Russian virtual wallet market grew to a 163.3 RUB billion of payment volume in 2011 according to J’Son & Partners Consulting. The first key player in the market was WebMoney, which was established in 1998, followed by Yandex Money in 2002. We entered the virtual wallet market in 2007 and have since become one of the three leading players along with WebMoney and Yandex Money. WebMoney, Yandex Money and QIWI together captured over 90% of the virtual wallet market in 2011, according to J’Son & Partners Consulting.

According to J’Son & Partners Consulting, virtual wallet volume in Russia is expected to increase by over 300% to 686.6 RUB billion in 2017. Market growth for virtual wallet has been driven by the overall growth in consumer payments, proliferation of the Internet and ecommerce and increased consumer sophistication, and further penetration in electronic payments. Consumers have adapted to making electronic payments for a wide range of products, including utilities, games and for-fee services in social networks.

The table below shows historical and forecasted payment volume for virtual wallets in Russia between 2008 and 2017.

 

Virtual wallet payment volume, 2008–2017 (RUB bn)
Actual   CAGR   Forecast   CAGR
2008A   2009A   2010A   2011A   ’08 –’11   2012F   2013F   2014F   2015F   2016F   2017F   ’13 –’17
20   44   82   163   101.2%   281   389   477   554   624   687   19.6%

Source: J’son & Partners Consulting

According to Edgar Dunn & Company, virtual wallets in 2011 constituted only 13% of online payments in Russia with cash on delivery, payment cards, post office payments, bank transfers, SMS payments and others comprising the other 87%. According to J’son & Partners Consulting and Edgar Dunn & Company virtual wallets will further penetrate the online payments market. Coupled with the fact that online payments are expected to grow significantly, we expect the increased penetration to result in even faster growth for virtual wallets.

We believe that several developing countries, especially in the CIS, share similar dynamics with Russia and Kazakhstan in terms of cash usage, electronic payment adoption, ecommerce growth and virtual wallets adoption. We believe that such dynamics increase the opportunity for us to replicate our infrastructure in those countries.

 

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BUSINESS

Overview

We are a leading provider of next generation payment services in Russia and the CIS. We have an integrated proprietary network that enables payment services across physical, online and mobile channels. We have deployed over 11 million virtual wallets, over 169,000 kiosks and terminals, and enabled over 40,000 merchants to accept over RUB 39 billion cash and electronic payments monthly from over 65 million consumers using our network at least once a month. Our consumers can use cash, stored value and other electronic payment methods to order and pay for goods and services across physical or online environments interchangeably. We believe the complementary combination of our physical and virtual payment services provides differentiated convenience to our consumers and creates a strong network effect that drives payment volume across our business. Our extensive network of interactive Qiwi kiosks also enables us to provide advertising services, and the billions of transactions we process annually allow us to collect and analyze valuable data, which we monetize by providing value added services. We believe that our leading market position, proprietary network and complementary services provide us with competitive advantages that have enabled us to generate strong growth and profitability.

We operate in and target markets and consumer segments that are largely cash-based and lack convenient alternatives for consumers to pay for goods and services in physical, online and mobile environments. For example, according to Edgar, Dunn & Company, Russia remains a cash-dominated society for retail consumer payments with approximately 94% of the value of payments exchanged in cash in 2011, while the penetration of electronic payment services, such as credit and debit cards and point of sale terminals, significantly lags behind more developed economies. We help consumers and merchants connect more efficiently in these markets by providing an integrated network of kiosks and terminals, virtual wallets and payment services that enable consumers to deposit cash, convert it into a digital form and remit the funds to a virtual wallet, a variety of Visa-branded prepaid cards or any merchant in our network quickly and securely – for example, to pay bills, add minutes to their mobile phones, purchase transportation and tickets, shop online or at a retail store, buy digital services or send money to a friend or relative.

Our platform provides simple and intuitive user interfaces, convenient access and best-in-class services combined with the reputation and trust associated with the Qiwi brand. The payments processed on our network are typically very small with a limit of RUB 15,000 per transaction and, since they are primarily funded with cash, consumers do not have to undergo a lengthy registration process to execute most transactions. Alternatively, consumers can create an online account, or virtual wallet, with Qiwi where they can store money, deposited from cash or funded from a variety of other sources, such as a bank account, credit card, direct payroll deposit or money transfer, that can be used to make payments and purchases at any time. Our services also allow over 40,000 merchants in Russia and other markets, including leading MNOs, online retailers, financial institutions and utilities, to accept payments via our network, enabling them to attract more consumers, generate more sales and get paid faster and more easily.

We have deployed our network of kiosks and terminals using a proprietary agent model. Under this model, our kiosks are assembled by third party manufacturers using our proprietary specifications and are then purchased by over 9,300 agents who are responsible for placing, operating and servicing the kiosks in high-traffic, convenient retail locations and setting the fee rates paid by consumers. In addition, an agent-owned point of sale terminal, computer, laptop or mobile phone can serve as a Qiwi terminal once our proprietary software is installed on it, which allows the agent to process consumer payments to merchants through our system. In Russia and Kazakhstan, our brand is very well-known and our kiosks and terminals provide unique physical access for approximately 159 million consumers. They can be found next to convenience stores, in train stations, post offices, retail stores or airport terminals in all of the major urban centers, as well as many small and rural towns that lack large bank branches and infrastructure. In addition, we distribute our payment services through our virtual Visa Qiwi Wallet product, which enables consumers to access and make payments through their computers or mobile devices.

 

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We run our network and process our transactions using a proprietary, advanced technology platform that leverages the latest virtualization, analytics and security technologies to create a fast, highly reliable, secure and redundant system. We believe that the breadth and reach of our network, along with the proprietary nature of our technology platform, differentiates us from our competitors and allows us to effectively manage and update our services and realize significant operating leverage with growth in volumes.

We generate revenues based primarily from payment processing fees paid by merchants and consumers based on the payment volume processed by the Qiwi platform. We generate additional revenue from advertising and other high margin non-payment services. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our revenue was RUB 6,158 million, RUB 8,158 million and RUB 8,911 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our adjusted net revenue was RUB 2,799 million, RUB 3,254 million and RUB 4,169 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our net profit from continuing operations was RUB 617 million, RUB 586 million and RUB 1,048 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, our adjusted net profit was RUB 768 million, RUB 721 million and RUB 1,306 million, respectively. See “Summary Consolidated Financial and Other Data—Non-IFRS Financial Measures” for how we define and calculate adjusted net revenue and adjusted net profit as non-IFRS financial measures and reconciliations of these measures to revenue and net profit, respectively.

Competitive Strengths

We believe that our combination of a proprietary network and integrated technology platform, a comprehensive suite of differentiated products and services, extensive retail distribution capabilities and a leading brand identity help differentiate us from our competitors and create significant barriers to entry. Our strengths include:

 

 

Market Leadership in Next-Generation Payment Services. We are a pioneer in the large and fast-growing market for next-generation payment services. We have established a leading market position in Russia and Kazakhstan through our broad retail distribution, large agent and consumer base, and significant payment volume processed. Our combined footprint, capabilities and scale have enabled us to gain new agents, sign up new merchants and gain enough market share to position us as a leading next-generation payment services provider in Russia, according to Edgar, Dunn & Company. We are also one of the most recognized financial services brands in the country, with 84% prompted brand awareness, according to Radar Research.

 

 

Comprehensive Suite of Differentiated Payment Services. Through our interface, we provide our consumers with a comprehensive suite of payment services that they can use to make payments to a large and diversified group of over 40,000 merchants. The breadth and depth of our payment services differentiates us because they offer significant convenience to our consumers and increase the utility of our network for merchants. Consumers can quickly and easily pay for goods and services using our kiosks and terminals, which are available 24 hours a day and seven days a week at convenient locations or, through our Visa Qiwi Wallet, online or through mobile services. Our comprehensive suite of services also allows our merchants to accept payments via our network, enabling them to attract more consumers, generate more sales and get paid quicker and more easily.

 

 

Advanced, Proprietary Technology Platform. We designed and built our proprietary platform using advanced technology that enables us to connect consumers, and service providers seamlessly across our network of kiosks, terminals, virtual wallets and mobile devices operating across all major mobile operating systems. Our platform is highly scalable and provides the capabilities and flexibility to capture and process front-end (consumer facing) and back-end (back-office reporting and settlement) transactions for both closed-loop (vertically integrated) and open-loop (distributed network) payment services. Our platform also enables us to provide new and differentiated payment services, such as cloud-based “push payments” that are transacted and settled through a proprietary process that can be used to support a range of emerging targeted marketing and loyalty applications being developed for the online gaming, social media and other digital content industries. The versatility and flexibility of our technology platform has also enabled us to

 

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scale our business quickly in response to rising demand and new market opportunities, and to provide differentiated value, convenience and efficiency to our consumers and merchants.

 

 

Integrated Physical and Virtual Payment Capabilities. Our network of over 169,000 kiosks and terminals and 11 million virtual wallets allows us to seamlessly provide complementary payment services in both physical and virtual environments. Our consumers can use cash, stored value and other electronic payment methods to order and pay for goods and services across traditional physical or online environments interchangeably. For example, a consumer can purchase a product from an online retailer using Visa Qiwi Wallet, and then pay for the product using a kiosk or terminal at a convenient location. While there are other vendors that can provide payment services in one or the other environment in the markets we serve, we believe that we are highly differentiated given our ability to provide both services on a large scale through a single, integrated network, brand and business model. We believe the complementary combination of our physical and virtual payment services provides a level of convenience to our consumers and merchants that is a competitive advantage and creates a strong network effect that has driven payment volume across our business. We believe the breadth and combination of our integrated physical and virtual distribution capabilities are difficult to replicate and represent a barrier to entry for potential competitors.

 

 

Agent Model and Diverse Distribution Channels. We have built numerous, diverse and efficient distribution channels for our payment services in multiple countries. Our physical distribution network has been built using our proprietary agent model pursuant to which our over 9,300 agents are responsible for placing, operating and servicing the kiosks in high-traffic, convenient retail locations and for setting the fee rate paid by consumers. Our agent model allows us to minimize the capital requirements necessary to grow our network while benefiting from the distribution and motivation of regional agents who are economically incentivized to maximize the volumes of payments processed at their kiosks and terminals. On the Internet, we distribute our payment services through our virtual Visa Qiwi Wallet product, which enables consumers to access and make payments through their computers or mobile devices. We also partner with over 40,000 merchants who integrate and accept payments through our various kiosks, terminals or virtual wallet.

 

 

Powerful Media and Targeted Marketing Services. We are an innovator in using our distribution channels as an advertising medium. Our kiosks are a differentiated advertising channel in Russia, with over 108,000 kiosks available for targeted marketing. As part of our advertising services offering, clients can run advertising campaigns, educate consumers about a product or brand using our kiosks, and push content to and from our kiosks to consumers’ mobile phones. Our kiosks, terminals and virtual wallet are also rich sources of detailed user transaction data that is very valuable to advertisers looking to influence buying decisions at consumer touch points. This data can be leveraged for targeted marketing, to increase customer loyalty and to cross-sell additional products, providing a differentiated value proposition to our partners and consumers and a competitive advantage to us.

 

 

Strong Compliance and Security Infrastructure. Given the breadth of our network, the integration of our services and our proprietary technology platform, we believe we have built a regulatory compliance and security infrastructure that can adapt to the relevant regulatory landscapes. Given our growing international footprint and our strong presence in emerging markets where regulations are still developing, we develop and implement localized regulatory compliance teams and infrastructure that can quickly respond to legislative and regulatory changes in countries where we do business. In addition, we believe the control, data collection and data analysis capabilities of our proprietary network and technology platform have enabled us to develop a strong security infrastructure that is differentiated in the markets we serve and trusted by our consumers, merchants, agents and partners.

Growth Strategies

We plan to grow our business over the course of the next few years by continuing to execute on the following key strategies:

 

 

Increasing the Number of Network Participants. We intend to grow our business by expanding the number of participants in our network and increasing the utilization of our payment services. We will seek to attract and retain consumers by enhancing the value of our core payment services, adding new payment services,

 

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adding new merchants that accept Qiwi-branded payment services and introducing a range of value added services across our network. We intend to expand our distribution capabilities by establishing new relationships with partners and other participants in the payments ecosystem such as other payment networks, financial institutions, payment services providers, or PSPs, MNOs, internet service providers, cross-border remittance providers, bill payment aggregators and value added resellers. Over time, we also intend to expand the reach of our network and the use of our services to the retail point-of-sale of our merchants.

 

 

Leverage Scale in Physical Distribution to Expand Adoption and Use of Virtual Services. We intend to leverage our large, active base of over 65 million consumers who use our kiosks and terminals to conduct at least one transaction per month to drive the adoption and usage of our other payment offerings, such as our virtual Visa Qiwi Wallet and Visa prepaid cards. As of December 31, 2012, we had over 11 million active Qiwi Wallet consumers who use our online and mobile Qiwi Wallet for at least one transaction every 12 months. In 2012, we issued over one and a half million Visa-branded prepaid cards which can be used for a single transaction, several transactions up to a fixed, pre-funded amount or on a recurring basis as funds are replenished into the account. The integration of our physical distribution capability (kiosks and terminals) with a virtual interface and remote access capability (Visa Qiwi Wallet) gives consumers the convenience of being able to use our services in multiple environments seamlessly and interchangeably, which we believe differentiates us and will continue to drive growth across our network for all our products and services.

 

 

Expand Portfolio of Higher Yielding Products and Services. We intend to leverage our existing infrastructure, network of merchants and consumers and flexible technology platform to continue to innovate and introduce new, value added, high-margin products and services to address evolving consumer demands, provide cross-selling opportunities, and expand existing value added services that would increase revenue per customer. For example, we have introduced a range of targeted marketing and remote banking services to help merchants and banks reach consumers more effectively and we are developing a workshop that allows our merchants to create their own kiosk, online and mobile applications, or “apps”. We believe our large base of consumers provides an attractive, captive audience to cross-sell these new products. We also believe that our flexible technology platform will allow us to quickly integrate with different merchants and provide access across various interfaces such as kiosks and terminals, mobile, online and social apps.

 

 

Enter into New Geographies. We plan to replicate our business model in other countries, using a measured approach towards expansion. We intend to grow our operations outside Russia and Kazakhstan by directly investing in specific countries where we feel we can use our operational experience to execute successfully. While our expansion efforts are at an early stage, we have begun to expand into Moldova, Romania, Belarus, Brazil and the United States. Over the longer term, we also plan on growing in certain countries by franchising our operations – these countries include Argentina, Chile, China, Colombia, India, Panama, Peru, South Africa, Ukraine and certain other countries. As part of our international expansion, we intend to license our technology and platform to other payment services providers and networks around the world. We plan to create a payments interface that other participants in the payments ecosystem can connect to, including merchants in new geographies, acquiring and issuing banks, PSPs, PSP aggregators and mobile commerce platforms. We believe participants could use this interface to access the capabilities provided by Visa Qiwi Wallet and our kiosks and terminals and make our payments platform accessible internationally in an open-loop scheme, allowing us to enhance our brand identity, broaden our consumer reach and monetize our technology platform.

 

 

Expand Visa Qiwi Wallet Internationally in Cooperation with Visa. We plan, as a part of the strategic agreement with Visa, to transition Visa QIWI Wallet from a single bank model operated only by Qiwi Bank to a digital wallet with a stored value account based on a Visa prepaid card that can be issued by any Visa member bank. Over the course of 2013, QIWI and Visa will work to open the QIWI platform to other Visa member banks in Russia and the CIS. In the long-term we plan to introduce Visa Qiwi Wallet in several additional countries.

 

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Our Business Operations

We divide our business into two principal segments, Visa Qiwi Wallet and Qiwi Distribution. These two segments are highly synergistic, creating a self-reinforcing network that we believe has accelerated growth across both segments.

Qiwi Distribution

Overview

Our Qiwi Distribution segment comprises approximately 120,000 kiosks and 49,000 terminals that are assembled and sold by third party manufacturers. These kiosks and terminals run our proprietary software, which provides the user customized interfaces that display our broad range of payment services and provide the connectivity to our processing platform. These capabilities help connect consumers and merchants and enable them to conduct commercial transactions, such as bill payments and purchases, at thousands of convenient locations, without the need to interact directly. Our kiosk and terminals can connect any consumer to over 3,000 merchants and can connect consumers with a Visa Qiwi Wallet account to over 40,000 merchants.

The following map shows the location of our over 165,000 kiosks and terminals across the federal districts of Russia and Kazakhstan as of December 31, 2012:

 

LOGO

In 2010, 2011 and 2012, Qiwi Distribution processed RUB 361 billion, RUB 408 billion and RUB 465 billion in payments and had approximately 107,000, 120,000 and 120,000 kiosks and 52,000, 51,000 and 49,000 terminals in its network as of year-end, respectively.

Our Kiosks and Terminals

A kiosk is a stand-alone computer terminal with a touch screen and specialized hardware and software which enables consumers to make cash payments to merchants. Each kiosk is connected to our network using a dedicated SIM card, and is typically equipped with a cash- and coin-acceptor, a printing device, and a transaction

 

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recording device and may include a card reader and coin changer. Our kiosks are assembled by third party manufacturers using our proprietary specifications. Kiosks are relatively easy and inexpensive to install and operate and are equipped with specialized software that monitors the condition of the kiosk and its components, the amount of cash stored, and the sufficiency of expendable materials such as thermal paper. A kiosk is also relatively simple to assemble, and we generally have not encountered any issues in relation to underproduction or shortage of kiosks. There are 19 base models of kiosk available in the Russian market.

In addition to kiosks, our network includes approximately 49,000 terminals at various retail locations, including a number of major Russian retail chains such as Svyaznoy and Euroset. We provide these businesses with access to our network through our proprietary software and process the payments made by their customers.

Our kiosks and terminals are typically owned by our agents, except in limited circumstances when we enter new markets. We believe this ownership structure has allowed us to build a large network in a relatively short period of time. The agents purchase, install, operate and service the kiosks and terminals themselves; we provide them with our platform and technical solutions, help them comply with reporting requirements and provide them with various forms of support and incentives. While we generally do not sell any kiosks ourselves, we assist our agents in negotiating favorable pricing with vendors. In limited circumstances, we also lease kiosk locations through contracts with large retail networks and sublease those locations to our agents.

How Our Kiosks and Terminals Work

To make a payment through a kiosk, a consumer selects the hyperlink icon of a particular merchant on the kiosk screen and enters the data necessary for the merchant to identify the consumer from among its accounts. For instance, this may be the consumer’s mobile phone number or details on the consumer’s utility bill. The consumer inserts money into a cash and coin acceptor, which automatically recognizes the value of the banknotes and/or coins. Once the necessary amount of money has been inserted, the consumer presses a button to confirm that he or she wishes to complete the transaction, and the software installed on the kiosk sends an instruction to our processing system to transmit a corresponding amount to the merchant and to withdraw it from the agent’s account. The kiosk then prints a receipt confirming that payment has been made. The interface of a kiosk is highly intuitive to facilitate a convenient user experience with the entire transaction process normally taking no more than a few minutes. A transaction is mostly automated and usually performed in three or four easy steps, so that the user is only required to input a minimum of information. When making a payment through a terminal, a consumer gives the same information (merchant name, amount of transaction and account identifying data) to a cashier at a cash desk, who processes it on a computer or a mobile phone using specialized software.

Our Agents

Our agent base includes over 9,300 agents who own kiosks and terminals and are responsible for placing, operating and servicing them in high-traffic, convenient retail locations. Most of our agents are small to mid-sized businesses which we believe provides them with insight into local market dynamics. For many of our agents, the business of kiosk and terminal ownership is a full-time occupation, while some view it as an ancillary service that increases consumer traffic in their outlets or provides additional convenience to consumers. For the year ended December 31, 2012, no agent accounted for more than 8% of the total payment volume of Qiwi Distribution in Russia. On average, each of our agents owned 18 kiosks and terminals as of December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2012 the top 5 agents accounted for 20% of the total payment volumes of Qiwi Distribution in Russia. We do not consider ourselves to be materially dependent on any of our agents.

Our contracts with the agents are usually for an indefinite term and may be terminated with 30 days prior notice. Our agent contracts do not have exclusivity clauses. Our agents determine the total fee that a consumer pays on each transaction. We usually do not cap these fees, except at the merchant’s request. When the fee payable by the consumers is capped, we normally award the agents with an increased fraction of the merchant fees.

 

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Our International Kiosks and Terminals

Almost all of Qiwi Distribution’s business operations are currently in Russia and Kazakhstan. We also have a limited number of kiosks in Moldova, Romania, Belarus and the United States. In the near term, we plan to expand into certain CIS countries, which have consumer patterns similar to those in Russia and in particular share the reliance of the population on cash transactions and the prevalence of prepaid mobile plans. We also believe that Brazil has significant growth potential in the future. We currently conduct our operations in Brazil through an equity associate to which we license our technology, but we may increase our stake in it to a controlling one if the operations are successful. In the coming years, we also plan on growing in certain countries by franchising our operations, including Argentina, Chile, China, Colombia, India, Panama, Peru, South Africa and Ukraine.

Visa Qiwi Wallet

Overview

Visa Qiwi Wallet is an online and mobile payment processing and money transfer system that we offer in Russia that allows accountholders to pay for the products and services of over 40,000 merchants, and to perform peer-to-peer money transfers using a virtual wallet, which effectively replaces a physical wallet in an online and mobile environment. A virtual wallet enables its holder to make online purchases through a convenient, secure and intuitive online or mobile interface with multiple payment methods. Visa Qiwi Wallet accounts can be linked to virtual or physical Visa prepaid cards that can be used to make purchases at any merchants that accept Visa worldwide. According to Edgar, Dunn & Company, Visa Qiwi Wallet is one of the leading virtual wallet providers in Russia.

Prior to November 2012, Visa Qiwi Wallet was branded as Qiwi Wallet. Qiwi Wallet became a co-branded product pursuant to our Framework Agreement with Visa entered into on November 19, 2012.

In 2010, 2011 and 2012, we processed RUB 27 billion, RUB 65 billion and RUB 152 billion in transactions through Qiwi Wallet and had 6 million, 8 million and 11 million active virtual wallets registered with our system as of year-end, respectively.

Our Virtual Wallet

With Visa Qiwi Wallet, consumers can create an online account, referred to as a virtual wallet, in which they can store money, deposited from cash or funded from a variety of other sources such as a bank account, credit or debit card, direct payroll deposit or money transfer, that can used to make payments, purchases and peer-to-peer transfers. To register a virtual wallet, a consumer only needs to have a mobile phone number to which the account is linked. The account loading process is simple and intuitive regardless of the interface that the consumer uses to access Visa Qiwi Wallet, whether it is our own website, the screen of a kiosk, the virtual banking service of the consumer’s bank or a mobile app. Normally, a consumer just needs to enter the unique identification number of his or her virtual wallet and indicate the amount and (if not circumstantially evident) source of money he or she wishes to load to the account. Likewise, while the process of making a payment through Visa Qiwi Wallet may vary slightly depending on the interface, it is always intuitive.

We believe that a key part of our service offering is consumer convenience and ease of use. Visa Qiwi Wallet is available through a variety of interfaces, including mobile apps, its own website, touch-screens of our kiosks, merchant websites, social network applications, and SMS/USSD (whereby a payment is made by sending an SMS message to a specified phone number). An increasing percentage of consumers are accessing Visa Qiwi Wallet directly through mobile apps and our own website rather than through our kiosks (which were the most popular Qiwi Wallet interface initially), demonstrating a shift in consumer perception of Qiwi Wallet from an extension of the kiosk functionality to a self-sufficient product.

 

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We offer downloadable Visa Qiwi Wallet applications for the most popular mobile and digital platforms and devices, including Apple iPhone and iPad, Android, Java, Microsoft Windows Mobile and Windows Phone, RIM Blackberry and Blackberry Playbook, Samsung Bada and Samsung Smart TV. We also support major mobile operating systems: iOS, Android and RIM. We believe that these efforts are a vital part of our overall marketing strategy and serve to increase our consumer base.

How Our Virtual Wallet Works

Payments made through Visa Qiwi Wallet can be categorized into push payments and pull payments. A push payment is a payment initiated by the consumer from a Visa Qiwi Wallet interface. After entering Visa Qiwi Wallet through one of its secure interfaces, a consumer is required to select the name of the merchant from a drop-down list or using a search function and to type in the payment amount. Consumers are not subject to a fee when making most payments through Visa Qiwi Wallet. Additionally, consumers are able to link their bank cards to their Visa Qiwi Wallet accounts to make online payments without divulging their bank card details on merchant websites, eliminating the perceived risk of fraud associated with online payments. A pull payment is a payment initiated by the consumer from a merchant interface, typically a merchant website through which the consumer makes a purchase. During the check-out process at a merchant website, the consumer chooses Visa Qiwi Wallet as a payment method and is re-directed to a Visa Qiwi Wallet web page. Next, if the consumer is already registered with Visa Qiwi Wallet, he or she is prompted to enter his or her mobile phone number to which his or her Visa Qiwi Wallet account is linked and his or her Visa Qiwi Wallet password. If the consumer is not yet registered with Visa Qiwi Wallet, our system automatically generates a virtual wallet for him or her once the mobile phone number is entered. A registered Visa Qiwi Wallet user is then required to select a source of funds to be used, including the prepaid balance of the Visa Qiwi Wallet account, a bank card previously linked to the Visa Qiwi Wallet account, or his or her mobile phone account. The consumer may also select a deferred payment option, whereby our system generates an electronic invoice from the merchant to the consumer which is stored in the consumer’s virtual wallet and can be paid at a later stage. After a payment option is chosen, the consumer is required to confirm the transaction, following which funds are withdrawn from the source the consumer is using and transmitted to the merchant. The only option available to consumers who did not have a Visa Qiwi Wallet account previously is the deferred payment option. Once the consumer loads his or her newly registered virtual wallet or links a bank card to it, the invoice can be confirmed and paid, after which the transaction is completed.

Our Reload Channels

Visa Qiwi Wallet accounts can be reloaded through virtually any payment method available on the market, including making a cash deposit at a kiosk or terminal, bank cards and accounts, online banking, ATMs, direct payroll deposit, retail and traditional money transfers. Visa Qiwi Wallet benefits in particular from access to our own network of kiosks and terminals, which is the largest free cash reload network in Russia. We believe that by offering the convenience of reloading at our kiosks and terminals, we increase the likelihood of consumers using other services that we offer.

Our kiosks and terminals are the primary means by which consumers reload their Visa Qiwi Wallet accounts, with RUB 112 billion of total reloads during the year ended December 31, 2012. However, the percentage of reloads made through bank cards and directly from bank accounts has been consistently growing over the last few years. Consumers also use third-party networks for cash reloads.

Our International Virtual Wallets

As of December 31, 2012, a vast majority of active Visa Qiwi Wallet users were based in Russia. We expect the international expansion of Visa Qiwi Wallet to be focused on markets with high volumes of money transfers to and from Russia and a low penetration of banking services. These are primarily the CIS countries from which there is a significant labor migration inflow into Russia. Migration patterns drive demand for money remittance services and cross-border payments, which we intend to make our core offering in these markets. We believe that our services could also be in demand with ecommerce businesses which seek to increase their customer base in Russia.

 

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We expect that our alliance with Visa will substantially increase Visa Qiwi Wallet’s international reach, since the alliance gives Visa Qiwi Wallet global access to all Visa accepting merchants, eliminating the necessity to build a merchant network each time Visa Qiwi Wallet is launched in a new country.

Qiwi Bank

In September 2010, we acquired Qiwi Bank (which is licensed as a bank in the Russian Federation) to serve as a platform for our Visa Qiwi Wallet business. Currently, Qiwi Bank processes all Visa Qiwi Wallet transactions, although we expect that over the course of 2013 the Qiwi platform will be opened to other Visa member banks in Russia and the CIS. When a consumer deposits cash on his or her Visa Qiwi Wallet account, Qiwi Bank issues a virtual prepaid card to a consumer or increases the balance of a previously issued card. Qiwi Bank also issues plastic cards to Visa Qiwi Wallet consumers. Funds received by Qiwi Bank resulting from customers loading and reloading their Visa Qiwi Wallet are held on Qiwi Bank’s account. Qiwi Bank does not pay interest on Qiwi Wallet accounts. Qiwi Bank also maintains a small number of accounts for our employees, officers and directors, agents and certain related parties. See also “Regulation” for a brief description of the regulatory regime applicable to the Qiwi Bank.

Qiwi Prepaid Cards

At the end of 2009, we launched a prepaid card program in partnership with Visa Inc. Qiwi Visa prepaid cardholders enjoy all the benefits of a Visa card without having to open a bank account or credit line, eliminating the perceived risk in the markets we serve of fraud associated with traditional credit and debit cards. Our Visa prepaid cards can be purchased through a Visa Qiwi Wallet or a Qiwi kiosk and currently consist of the following card products:

 

   

Qiwi Visa Virtual Card – are virtual cards that are delivered to a consumer’s mobile phone by SMS within seconds of purchase and can be used to make purchases online from any merchant that accepts Visa-branded cards. Qiwi Visa Virtual cards have a prepaid balance and are valid for three months. During the year ended December 31, 2012, we sold 1,047,487 Qiwi Visa Virtual cards and processed RUB 1,389 million in payment volume on these accounts.

 

   

Qiwi Visa Card – are virtual cards that are delivered to a consumer’s mobile phone by SMS within seconds of purchase and can be used to make purchases online from any merchant that accepts Visa-branded cards. Qiwi Visa Cards are linked to the balance of a consumer’s Visa Qiwi Wallet and are valid for 12 months. During the year ended December 31, 2012, we sold 382,580 Qiwi Visa Cards and processed RUB 2,359 million in payment volume on these accounts. Although it is envisaged that all new Visa Qiwi Wallet accounts will be linked to Visa prepaid virtual cards by default, it is likely that Qiwi Visa Card will be continued as a standalone product as well.

 

   

Qiwi Visa Plastic Cards – are plastic cards that are delivered to a consumer via mail or courier services after purchase and can be used to make purchases online or in a physical retail environment through a POS terminal from any merchant that accepts Visa branded cards. Qiwi Visa Plastic Cards can also be used to withdraw cash from a participating ATM, are linked to the balance of a consumer’s Visa Qiwi Wallet and are valid for 12 months. During the year ended December 31, 2012, we sold 216,370 Qiwi Visa Plastic Cards and processed RUB 7,362 million in payment volume on these accounts.

Qiwi Visa co-branded cards are issued by Qiwi Bank pursuant to an agreement with Visa International Service Association. Under the agreement, Qiwi Bank is authorized to issue Visa-branded prepaid cards within Russia, and to offer and perform Visa Money Transfer transactions in and between Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Georgia and Tajikistan, using Visa’s electronic payments processing network to deliver transferred funds. The agreement is effective through February 3, 2017 and is automatically renewable for subsequent one-year terms unless terminated by either party by notice to the other given at least 90 days before the end of the then-applicable term. Visa may terminate the agreement at its sole discretion upon 180 days’ prior written notice or without notice in case of, among other things (1) Qiwi Bank’s material breach of the agreement; (2) Visa’s determination that the continuation of the agreement may cause damage to Visa or the Visa brand; or (3) Visa’s reasonable belief that Qiwi Bank has undergone, or will undergo, a merger, acquisition, or other change of corporate form or control.

 

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Value Added Services

Our network of merchants and consumers and flexible technology platform enable us to introduce innovative, value added, high-margin products and services that can generate more revenue per consumer. In November 2006, we started using the interfaces of our kiosks as an advertising medium, leveraging the strength of our network and the data that we receive from our consumers. We advertise mostly in the form of pop-up ad banners in the kiosk interface that allow a consumer to enter a microsite with a detailed product description. Each kiosk has 12 advertising spaces on its screen. Additionally, at the end of a transaction where a payment is made to an MNO we may send an SMS message to the consumer to confirm the specific transaction. This SMS message may also contain an advertisement of a product or service, provided the consumer has not opted out from receiving such advertisements. During 2012, this service generated approximately 45 million contacts per month which is based on the number of SMS messages per month that include advertising. We also allow advertisers to create a branded page in a subsection of the kiosk menu.

We have recently introduced a “remote banking” service that allows our consumers to use the electronic banking services of the banks at which they maintain their accounts through our kiosks. Consumers can access their accounts online through a hyperlink icon on the kiosk screen. The scope of the electronic banking services available to a consumer depends on the terms of our agreement with the respective partner bank.

We are currently developing Qiwi Store, an app workshop that allows a merchant to create his or her own application, which can then be uploaded to our kiosks in a specific geographic area selected by the merchant. Qiwi Store is a self-service platform that allows small and mid-sized merchants to access Qiwi’s network and expand their reach and customer base.

Merchants

As of December 31, 2012, we had more than 40,000 merchants. Our merchants are vendors, including mobile network operators, utilities, banks and online retailers. Consumers can access our larger merchants through hyperlink icons placed directly on kiosk screens. Other merchants can be easily accessed through Visa Qiwi Wallet and, since any of our kiosks can be used as an interface to register a Visa Qiwi Wallet account or to access an existing one, the merchant offering is effectively the same for both kiosk and Visa Qiwi Wallet users. In addition, Visa Qiwi Wallet accounts can be linked to virtual or physical Visa prepaid cards that can be used to make purchases at any merchants that accept Visa worldwide. We regularly add new merchants to our already extensive merchant list with the aim of creating a “one-stop shopping” experience for our consumers.

The terms and conditions of our agreements with merchants vary significantly and are usually tailored to each merchant’s needs. Due to regulatory concerns, we enter into separate agreements with merchants for each of our two segments. As a result, those merchants that can be accessed both directly through hyperlink icons on kiosk screens and through Visa Qiwi Wallet normally have two agreements with us, one with OSMP and the other with Qiwi Bank, our principal operating subsidiaries for the respective segments. The merchants that can only be accessed through Visa Qiwi Wallet normally enter into agreements with Qiwi Bank only. The agreements OSMP enters into with merchants are normally agency agreements. The term of these agreements is usually unlimited or automatically renewable upon expiration of the effective period; however, under Russian law, these agreements may be terminated unilaterally by any party without prior notice. Qiwi Bank’s agreements with merchants are normally structured as prepaid card acquiring agreements, since, as described in more detail in the section headed “Regulation,” we treat the electronic money of Visa Qiwi Wallet accountholders as virtual prepaid cards.

Our merchants fall into three broad categories. The most significant category includes various service providers, such as MNOs, internet services providers, pay television channels and public utilities. MNOs, in particular the three largest operators in Russia, have historically represented the largest portion of our merchant base and are expected to continue to do so for the foreseeable future. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, MNOs accounted for 65%, 60% and 47% of our payment volume for our Qiwi Distribution

 

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segment in Russia, respectively. However, their share in our transaction volume has been falling over the last three years due to the expansion of our merchant base and the increased use of our payment systems by the consumers for purposes other than mobile phone account reloading.

The second category of merchants is those in the financial services industry, and includes banks, insurance companies and money transfer services providers. As of December 31, 2012, we accepted payments on behalf of over 185 banks, including most Russian retail banking industry leaders such as Sberbank, Bank of Moscow, VTB 24, Alfa-Bank, UniCredit Bank, Rosbank, Promsvyazbank, Raiffeisen Bank and others. Based on information available from public sources, we believe our kiosk and terminal network is larger than the ATM network of any major bank, and, as a result, we are able to provide banks with the ability to reach a larger audience through our network by enabling their customers to make deposits and repay loans. We also work with major Russian and international money transfer businesses such as Contact, Unistream and PrivatMoney, and insurance companies such as Allianz. From August 2010, we offer our consumers Visa Personal Payments and MasterCard Money Send services, which allow a Visa Qiwi Wallet accountholder to reload the account of a Visa or MasterCard bank card with a few clicks on our website, a mobile app, or a kiosk touch-screen, and with the only information required being the number of the recipient card.

Our third major category of merchants comprises businesses that sell their products and services online, including social networks such as Facebook, Vkontakte and Odnoklassniki, online stores such as Ozon.ru, Groupon and online game developers. We also accept payments on behalf of software producers, coupon websites, and numerous other merchants. Our kiosk and terminal network provides these businesses with an attractive offline interface to their online offering.

While we already have considerable penetration with recurring payments merchants (such as MNOs and internet services providers), financial services providers and ecommerce businesses, there are numerous markets in which we see significant opportunity to add merchants. For example, we view payments for fee-based services for federal, state and municipal authorities as a potential growth sector as these authorities increasingly automate payments. We have already entered into direct agreements with the Federal Tax Service, the State Traffic Safety Authority, the Independent Security Services Bureau of the Interior Ministry’s Moscow Department, the Federal Bailiff Service and the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography.

Relationship with the major MNOs

The three major Russian MNOs, MegaFon, VimpelCom and MTS, which are sometimes collectively referred to as the Big Three, were our first, and have historically been our largest, merchants. Each of our agreements with the Big Three is either for an indefinite term or automatically renewable upon expiration of the effective period. In each case, either party may terminate the agreement at any time by giving prior written notice to the other party. Various penalties, including fines and accelerated termination, are provided for in case we do not transmit the consumers’ payments within a specified deadline. The merchant fee payable to us depends on whether a consumer fee is levied and on the payment method (cash, bank cards, virtual wallet) and is expressed as a percentage of the volume of payments we process for the respective MNO. Over time MNOs have used their significant negotiating power to lower or eliminate merchant fees, prompting our transition to consumer fees and value added services.

Our Technology Platform

Visa Qiwi Wallet and Qiwi Distribution are based on our advanced, proprietary technology platform. All of our key technology has been developed in-house. Our platform consists of three key elements: an Oracle database, a Java-based processing system and various consumer, merchant and agent interfaces. The interfaces are connected to the processing system through a secure protocol.

Our physical platform consists of two leased data centers (primary and reserve), one of which is located on our office premises while the other is at a third-party location. One of the data centers has been certified as

 

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compliant with PCI DSS, an industry standard for security and data protection. We are able to switch our processing from the primary to the reserve data center within fifteen minutes in case of any accident or disaster.

Our kiosks and terminals are not connected to each other, reducing the risk of a virus spreading throughout our entire network. The principal software under which the kiosks operate is our proprietary application Maratl, which enables acceptance of payments on kiosks through our processing system. The software products used on our terminals are also proprietary applications.

Visa Qiwi Wallet has a robust fraud control filter system that is designed to trace suspicious transactions and block associated accounts. In the vast majority of cases, fraud through Visa Qiwi Wallet is attributable to scams rather than to a security system failure. We employ a 3-D secure system similar to those adopted by major payment networks. 3-D Secure adds a further layer of security to online payments by requiring the consumer to perform an additional authentication step, usually through entering a confirmation code sent by SMS to the consumer’s mobile phone. Our system requires a consumer to enter both a permanent code linked to his or her particular account, and a one-time pad code which is unique to each transaction.

Our Framework Agreement with Visa dated November 19, 2012 imposes stringent security requirements on us to protect the data of our consumers. Under the terms of this agreement, we are under an obligation to be compliant with Visa-approved security standards and to undergo periodic audits to confirm such compliance.

Sales and Marketing

We have a dedicated team of over 200 sales and marketing personnel who seek to expand our network of agents and merchants, attract and maintain consumers and promote our products. Our marketing program includes advertising campaigns as well as other promotional activities, such as joint loyalty programs with our merchants.

Brand Awareness

We believe our brand is a household name in Russia. According to Radar Research, “Qiwi” is the most recognized Russian brand among kiosk operators and electronic payment services providers with a prompted brand awareness of 84%.

In addition, we believe that in our sector maintaining a social media presence is important to sustaining brand awareness. As a result, we have a dedicated team of people who regularly update our Facebook, Twitter, Vkontakte and LiveJournal accounts. We also use social networks to seek feedback from our consumers to improve our business.

As part of maintaining our brand image, we have employees available to respond to agent and merchant concerns and to handle consumer issues.

Advertising and Promotional Activities

Because we maintain a kiosk network as widespread and visible as ours, third-party advertising is not as important to maintain brand awareness. We maintain a relatively low advertising profile, mostly employing Internet advertising to promote Qiwi Wallet.

In addition, we engage in promotional campaigns together with our merchants, in which merchants offer discounts to their customers who make payments through our network.

Competition

The most significant competitive factors in our business are speed, convenience, network size, accessibility, hours of operation, loyalty programs, reliability and price. Our competitors include retail banks, non-traditional

 

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payment services providers (such as retailers and MNOs), traditional kiosk and terminal operators and electronic payment system operators as well as other companies which provide various forms of payment services, including electronic payment and payment processing services.

We face significant competition from major retail banks for our services, including both our Qiwi Distribution and Visa Qiwi Wallet businesses. Our competitors include, among others, Sberbank, Russia’s largest retail bank that is majority-owned by the Russian state, and Alfa-Bank, one of the leading privately owned Russian retail banks, both of which have robust electronic payment products and large retail networks. Some retail banks are currently developing their own kiosk networks and are active in the area of electronic payment products.

We also face competition from major telecommunication and media devices retailers, including Euroset and Svyaznoy, which offer some financial and payment services of third-party providers, such as instant money transfers, loan repayments, utilities payment and other services, and sell third-party insurance and consumer banking products, building on the strength of their retail networks. We compete to an extent with the MNOs, which allow their subscribers to make instant payments using their mobile phone balances.

We also potentially face competition from the Russian Post, due to its vast network of offices throughout Russia which accept payments for certain third-party services, including utilities and banking services.

Finally, we also compete against some directly comparable businesses, such as traditional kiosk and terminal operators (primarily CyberPlat and Elecsnet) and electronic payment system operators (primarily Yandex.Money (a majority stake in which was recently acquired by Sberbank) and WebMoney).

Intellectual Property

Our intellectual property rights are important to our business. We rely primarily on a combination of contract provisions, copyrights, trademarks, patents and trade secrets to protect our proprietary technology and other intellectual property.

Our in-house know-how is an important element of our intellectual property. Almost all of our key software has been developed in-house by our employees. Accordingly, we seek to enter into confidentiality and copyright assignment agreements with our employees and consultants and confidentiality agreements with other third parties, and we rigorously control access to our proprietary technology.

QIWI and QIWI-”KIVI” are registered trademarks in Russia, and we have filed applications for registration of our brand name in over 15 countries. We also hold registrations for the brand name QIWI-”KIVI” as a trademark in the CIS and in other countries as well as under the Madrid Agreement and Protocol. We also hold several software copyright registrations, including for software applications, such as “Maratl”, “Observer”, “Application for POS-terminal Ingenico”, “Application for POS-terminal NURIT”, “Universal Payment Gateway Server”, and “Universal Processing System.” We have obtained copyright registrations for some of our software in Russia and in the United States.

Facilities

We currently lease a total of over 7,000 square meters in two locations in Moscow that serve as our headquarters. The terms of our lease agreements expire between 2017 and 2023. In Kazakhstan, we lease offices in Astana and several other major cities.

 

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Employees

The following table sets out the average number of employees for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012 by function.

 

     For the year ended
31 December,
 
   2010      2011      2012  

Qiwi Distribution

     645         680         662   

Front Office

     240         274         268   

Back Office

     263         250         239   

IT Personnel

     142         156         156   

Qiwi Wallet

     246         223         241   

Front Office

     151         116         112   

Back Office

     64         67         78   

IT Personnel

     31         39         52   

Other

     109         116         110   

Total

     1,000         1,018         1,013   

We place a high value on technological innovation and compete aggressively for talent. We strive to hire the best software engineers, as well as talented sales, marketing and financial and administrative staff. We seek to create a dynamic, fulfilling work environment, encouraging participation, creativity, the exchange of ideas and teamwork. We believe that our relations with our employees are good.

Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are involved in various litigation matters arising in the ordinary course of our business. We are not currently, and have not been in the recent past, subject to any legal, arbitration or government proceedings (including proceedings pending or threatened) that we believe will have a material impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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REGULATION

We are subject to a number of laws and regulations in Russia and other jurisdictions that regulate payment services anti-money laundering, data protection and information security and advertising services. Qiwi Bank is also subject to numerous laws and regulations governing banking activities in Russia.

Regulation of Payment Services

Visa Qiwi Wallet

The regulation of the payment services industry in Russia is relatively nascent. Laws and regulations specifically governing the industry have recently been enacted but remain virtually untested. A legislative framework is not yet fully developed, and, moreover, is not universal, and various business models that payment services providers such as ourselves pursue are regulated differently.

Our Visa Qiwi Wallet business conducts its operations primarily in reliance on the CBR Regulation No. 266-P “On the Issuance of Bank Cards and Payment Cards Operations” dated December 24, 2004, as amended, or the Bank Cards Regulation. The Bank Cards Regulation regulates the issuance of, and operations with, various kinds of bank cards, including debit, credit and prepaid cards. Although the Bank Cards Regulation was created primarily to regulate plastic prepaid cards, we have received official clarifications from the CBR that it also provides a legal basis for issuance of virtual prepaid cards. Furthermore, in 2008 the Bank Cards Regulation was amended to reflect that it also governs bank cards issued in various other forms, including the electronic form. Accordingly, for regulatory purposes, when a Visa Qiwi Wallet account is reloaded, the accountholder is issued one or several virtual prepaid cards, depending on the amount of the reload. While the accountholder agrees to the issuance of the cards through accepting a public offer, he or she is not explicitly provided with details of each card. From a consumer’s perspective, the amount of the reload is simply transferred to an account of a digital wallet, whereas legally it becomes stored value of a virtual prepaid card.

A prepaid card evidences an obligation of the issuing bank towards the cardholder. The issuing bank performs settlements for transactions made with the use of prepaid cards issued by it from funds provided by the cardholders or on their behalf in advance, with no possibility of overdrafts. Under the Bank Cards Regulation, a prepaid card’s balance is determined by a credit institution issuing such prepaid cards and may not exceed RUB 100,000. A card may not be topped up for more than RUB 40,000 monthly or used to make transactions above a statutory limit of RUB 15,000 if its holder has not been identified for the purposes of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 115-FZ “On Combating the Legalization (Laundering) of Criminally Obtained Income and Funding of Terrorism” dated August 7, 2001, as amended, or the Anti-Money Laundering Law. For a brief description of the Anti-Money Laundering Law, see “– The Anti-Money Laundering Law”. However, the Bank Cards Regulation does not limit the amount of virtual prepaid cards that may be issued to a single individual. Prepaid cards may not be issued to bodies corporate.

The CBR has proposed to equate virtual prepaid card balances to “electronic money” within the meaning of the recently enacted Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 161-FZ “On the National Payment System” dated June 27, 2011, as amended, or the Payment System Law. The relevant amendments to the Bank Card Regulations have already been approved by the CBR Directive No. 2862-U dated August 10, 2012, and will come into effect on July 1, 2013. Currently, we are not considered to be an electronic payment processing company for regulatory purposes since we structure our operations as issuance of virtual prepaid cards. As discussed further below, the concepts of virtual prepaid cards and electronic money are very similar in Russian law. Therefore, we do not expect to experience any difficulties in complying with the Payment System Law as well.

Electronic money is defined under the Payment System Law as prepaid monetary value contributed by the “provider” to the “obligor” of which a record is kept by the obligor without the opening of a bank account, which can be used for the settlement of the provider’s monetary obligations towards third parties, and in respect of

 

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which the provider may only issue instructions via electronic means of payment. Electronic money is also treated as a liability of the obligor towards the provider. This definition is effectively very similar to that of a prepaid card under the Bank Cards Regulation. Electronic means of payment are defined as any methods and instruments which allow drawing up, certifying and transmitting instructions for electronic money transfers and which employ information and telecommunication technologies, electronic data carriers and other technical devices. The Payment System Law classifies electronic means of payment into personalized and non-personalized, depending on whether they allow for identification of the payer for the purposes of the Anti-Money Laundering Law. Any electronic money transfers are subject to thresholds on remaining electronic money balances, which amount to RUB 100,000 for personalized means of payment and RUB 15,000 for non-personalized means of payment. The total monthly turnover for each non-personalized means of payment cannot exceed RUB 40,000. Essentially, these limitations are identical to those imposed by the Bank Cards Regulation, in particular since they all pertain to a single electronic means of payment, just like those imposed by the Bank Cards Regulation only pertain to a single card.

Under the Payment System Law, any electronic payments may only be made through so-called “electronic money operators”, which shall necessarily be credit institutions. Once the CBR Directive No. 2862-U which equates prepaid cards to electronic money comes into effect, Qiwi Bank will become an electronic money operator for payments made through Visa Qiwi Wallet. All electronic money operators are required to adopt their own regulations on electronic money transfers and report to the CBR once they commence electronic money transfer operations.

The Payment System Law also establishes a legal framework for mobile payments, which allow to reload the payer’s electronic money balance out of funds deposited as an advance payment with a mobile operator.

The CBR is the agency commissioned with supervision of compliance with the provisions of the Payment System Law. As such, it is entitled to suspend the activities of market participants regulated by the Payment System Law in case of violations and impose administrative liability on the offenders.

Qiwi Distribution

In connection with our Qiwi Distribution business, OSMP is deemed to be a payment agent in accordance with the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 103-FZ “On Collection of Payments from Individuals by the Payment Agents” dated June 3, 2009, as amended, or the Payment Agents Law. The Payment Agents Law is inapplicable to electronic payments and thus does not regulate our Visa Qiwi Wallet business. The Payment Agents Law defines payment agents as intermediaries that collect payments due from individuals to merchants.

The Payment Agents Law only applies to services providers such as OSMP that process cash payments without having the status of a credit institution (under Russian law, credit institutions include banks and non-banking credit institutions which are entitled to carry out a limited number of banking operations) and thus are not regulated by banking legislation. Merchants on whose behalf payment agents may accept payments include legal entities and individual entrepreneurs, as well as state and municipal authorities and budget-funded entities that provide fee-based services in furtherance of their functions. According to Government Regulation No. 920 dated November 15, 2010, as amended, payment agents may not accept payments for lottery tickets and bets. The Russian Ministry of Finance has issued a formal clarification stating that personal taxes, duties and related fines also may not be paid through payment agents. To ensure compliance with these requirements, payments to lottery ticket vendors and tax authorities that we accept through our kiosks and terminals are processed by Qiwi Bank rather than OSMP, making these operations subject to banking legislation and thus excluded from the scope of the Payment Agents Law. The Payment System Law expressly permits credit institutions to use kiosks and terminals for the purposes of accepting payments from individuals.

The Payment Agents Law requires payment agents to comply with the Anti-Money Laundering Law. A payment agent may only act as such once it registers with the government authority responsible for compliance

 

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with the Anti-Money Laundering Law (currently, the Federal Service for Financial Monitoring, or Rosfinmonitoring).

A payment agent acts on the basis of an agency agreement with the merchant. Such agency agreements are governed by the Russian Civil Code, certain provisions of which are described in more detail below. A payment agent may also engage sub-agents (referred to as “payment sub-agents” under the Payment Agents Law) if the agency agreement so provides. Our agents act as payment sub-agents for the purposes of the Payment Agents Law. Payment sub-agents may not accept payments that require identification of the customer pursuant to the Anti-Money Laundering Law. Under the Anti-Money Laundering Law, such customer identification is required for all transactions exceeding RUB 15,000. In compliance with these requirements, the software installed on our kiosks and terminals does not allow accepting sums in excess of this amount per single payment.

The payment agent’s obligation to transmit the funds to the merchant is required to be either insured or secured by means of a pledge, guarantee, or otherwise. The amount of such insurance or security is not statutorily fixed, and there are no other guidelines regarding this requirement.

Acceptance of payments on behalf of certain types of merchants, including credit institutions and foreign entities, is carved out from the scope of the Payment Agents Law. This does not imply that a company which has the status of a payment agent is prohibited from accepting payments on behalf of such merchants. However, activities in this regard are not regulated by the Payment Agents Law, but rather by the universally applicable provisions of the Russian Civil Code pertaining to agency agreements. In particular, the Civil Code contains some basic requirements for agency agreements, including their conditions and their termination and sets out rules pertaining to certain rights of the agent and the principal and allocation of various responsibilities between them. Agency services may not be provided free of charge. The Civil Code permits agency agreements to include exclusivity clauses. Agency agreements may be entered into for fixed or indefinite periods of time. However, if an agency agreement is entered into for an indefinite period of time, it may be terminated unilaterally at the discretion of either counterparty.

The Payment Agents Law provides that payment agents are entitled to levy fees from the merchants’ customers for each transaction processed by them. These fees are not statutorily capped.

Since 1 April 2010, payment agents have been required to use cash registering facilities with a built-in fiscal and a reference tape (an electronic devise which allows long-term storage of records of transactions performed through a kiosk), in order to monitor payments received. They are also required to issue receipts for each transaction.

The Payment Agents Law requires both the payment agent and the merchant serviced by it to maintain segregated bank accounts for the purpose of depositing funds received from the customers and from the payment agent, respectively. All funds received by a payment agent need to be deposited into such specialized accounts.

The activities of the payment agents are monitored by the CBR, though its authority in this respect is limited to collection, systematization and analysis of industry data.

Banking Regulation

Our Qiwi Bank is a “credit institution” and is accordingly subject to the following financial services-related laws and regulations:

The Banking Law

Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 395-1 “On Banks and Banking Activity” dated December 2, 1990, as amended, or the Banking Law, is the main law regulating the Russian banking sector.

 

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Among other things, it defines credit institutions, sets forth the list of banking operations and other transactions that credit institutions may engage in, and establishes the framework for the registration and licensing of credit institutions and the regulation of banking activity by the CBR.

The Banking Law provides for a list of the so-called “banking operations” that cannot be conducted without an appropriate license from the CBR, including, among others, accepting deposits, opening and maintaining bank accounts, performing money transfers from and to bank accounts of the clients, and performing money (including electronic money) transfers without opening a bank account (other than postal transfers), etc. The latter type of banking operations is the only one that our Qiwi Bank pursues as a main line of business, although its license also permits it to accept deposits from individuals and legal entities, invest the funds received in the form of deposits, maintain accounts for individuals and legal entities and perform settlements through their bank accounts, perform teller and cash collection services, sell and purchase currency and issue bank guarantees.

Role of the CBR

The CBR operates under the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 86-FZ “On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation” dated July 10, 2002, as amended, or the CBR Law. The CBR is a legal entity and is operationally independent from the Russian government. The CBR has a head office in Moscow and regional branches in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as local branches.

Pursuant to the CBR Law, the Banking Law and the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 173-FZ “On Currency and Currency Regulation” dated December 10, 2003, as amended, or the Currency Law, the CBR has the authority to issue and implement binding regulations governing banking and currency operations. The CBR’s main functions include determination and implementation of the monetary policy of the Russian Federation in cooperation with the Russian government, regulation and oversight of the banking sector in a quasi-state agency capacity, certain limited banking operations and transactions, issuance of currency and regulation of its circulation, regulation of foreign currency operations in the Russian Federation and foreign currency operations conducted by Russian residents abroad, and domestic government debt service and federal budget administration. The CBR also carries out supervision and monitoring of the national payment system.

Capital Requirements

The key measure underlying Russian capital requirements is the amount of the capital base (own funds) of a credit organization, which is defined as the sum of the “main capital” and “additional capital” of the credit organization minus certain obligations as determined by the CBR. According to the CBR Regulation No. 215-P dated February 10, 2003, as amended, the main capital and the additional capital of a credit organization is defined by way of an exhaustive list of different types of debt and equity that qualify for treatment as main and additional capital, as applicable.

The Banking Law establishes minimum charter capital and capital base for banks. Under the Banking Law, the minimum charter capital for newly-established banks is equivalent to RUB 300 million. The capital base of a credit institution must not be less than RUB 300 million, subject to certain exemptions. If a bank’s capital base becomes less than its charter capital, it must increase its capital base (or, if impossible, reduce its charter capital) accordingly. The CBR Directive No. 1260-U dated March 24, 2003, as amended, establishes the procedures for such adjustment.

As of December 31, 2012, Qiwi Bank had a charter capital of RUB 295 million and a capital base of approximately RUB 460 million and was in compliance with applicable banking legislation.

Reserve Requirements

Under the CBR Law, the CBR’s Board of Directors may establish reserve requirements for banks. Reserve requirements must not exceed 20% of the bank’s liabilities and may vary for different types of banks. Banks are

 

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currently required to post mandatory reserves with the CBR to be held in non-interest bearing accounts. Starting from April 1, 2011, such mandatory reserves established by the CBR constitute 5.5% for liabilities towards legal entities which are non-residents and 4.0% for liabilities towards individuals and other liabilities.

Russian banks are required to calculate the exact amount of their mandatory reserves in accordance with CBR Regulation No. 342-P dated August 7, 2009, as amended, or the Reserves Regulation. The Reserves Regulation also requires banks to report the calculation of reserves to the CBR and its regional branches promptly after the end of each calendar month, as well as to post additional reserves if necessary.

The Reserves Regulation allows the CBR to fine a bank that fails to comply with reserve requirements and debit the insufficient reserve from its correspondent account with the CBR. The amount of the fine is calculated on the basis of the actual shortage of the reserves. The CBR and its regional branches may also conduct audits to assess a bank’s compliance with the reserve requirements.

As of December 31, 2012, Qiwi Bank’s reserves amounted to 5.5% of its liabilities owed to legal entities that are non-residents and 4% for liabilities towards individuals and other liabilities and it was in compliance with applicable banking legislation. Qiwi Bank has never been fined for non-compliance with reserve requirements and none of the audits conducted by the CBR in respect of it has uncovered any material violations.

Loss Provisions

The CBR regulates the creation of provisions for bank loan and other losses. CBR Regulation No. 254-P “On the Procedure for Making Provisions for Possible Losses on Loans and Similar Indebtedness by Credit Organizations” dated March 26, 2004, as amended, requires banks to adopt procedures for calculating and posting provisions for loan losses and for possible losses other than loan losses, which may include losses from investments in securities, funds held in correspondent accounts of other banks, contingent liabilities and other transactions. CBR Instruction No. 283-P dated March 20, 2006, as amended, requires banks to classify such activities into five risk categories and to make provisions in the corresponding amount at their discretion. Banks must report to the CBR the amount of new non-loan provisions within seven days after the end of each reporting month. The CBR and its regional branches monitor banks’ compliance with these rules.

Although Qiwi Bank does not engage in retail or corporate lending as a line of business, it maintains provisions for certain other possible losses, including losses from default by counterparties, impairment of assets and liability increases, and is in compliance with applicable banking legislation.

Prudential Ratios

CBR Instruction No. 139-I “On Banks’ Mandatory Prudential Ratios” dated December 3, 2012 establishes mandatory prudential ratios for banks. Key mandatory economic ratios that banks must observe on a daily basis and periodically report to the CBR include capital adequacy ratio, instant liquidity ratio, current liquidity ratio, long-term liquidity ratio, maximum exposure to a single borrower or a group of affiliated borrowers, maximum exposure to major credit risks, maximum amount of loans, bank guarantees and sureties extended by the bank to its participants (shareholders), aggregate amount of exposure to the bank’s insiders, ratio for the use of the bank’s capital base to acquire shares (participation interests) in other legal entities. Failure to comply with the prudential ratios may lead to negative consequences for the bank, including revocation of the banking license.

As of December 31, 2012, Qiwi Bank’s prudential ratios were well in excess of the minimum thresholds imposed by the CBR and it was in compliance with applicable banking legislation.

Reporting Requirements

Under the CBR Regulation No. 2332-U dated November 12, 2009, as amended, a substantial amount of routine reporting is performed by credit institutions on a regular and non-regular basis, including disclosure of

 

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financial statements, various operational indicators, affiliates and persons who exercise (directly or indirectly) influence over the decisions taken by the management bodies of the bank. According to the CBR Law, the CBR may at any time conduct full or selective audits of any bank’s filings and may inspect all of its books and records.

Under the Banking Law, banking holdings (i.e., alliances of legal entities in which a legal entity that is not a credit institution, directly or indirectly, controls decisions of the management bodies of a credit institution within such alliances) must regularly disclose their consolidated financial statements. However, this obligation applicable to banking holdings is currently not effective due to the absence of certain legislation necessary to implement it. We are deemed to be a banking holding due to our ownership of Qiwi Bank and, accordingly, will be required to disclose our consolidated financial statements on a regular basis when and if such legislation is adopted. Additionally, banking holdings such as ourselves are required to regularly provide to the CBR a list of companies that such banking holdings comprise.

Regulation of Mergers and Acquisitions of Credit Institutions in Russia

In addition to the general merger control requirements, acquisitions of shares or participation interests in credit institutions are also subject to certain industry-specific regulations. Under the Banking Law and the CBR Law, the purchase or receipt on trust of over 1% of the shares or participation interests in a credit institution by a person (or its group) must be reported to the CBR post-closing, while the purchase or receipt on trust of over 20% of the shares or participation interests in a credit institution is subject to the CBR’s pre-closing approval.

The requirements for obtaining pre-closing approvals of the CBR are set out in detail in the CBR Instruction “On the Procedure for Obtaining the CBR’s Approval for the Purchase and/or Receipt on Trust of the Shares (Participation Interests) in a Credit Institution” No. 130-I dated February 21, 2007, as amended, or the 130-I Instruction. The 130-I Instruction provides that an approval shall be obtained whenever a person (or group) acquires more than 20%, 25%, 50% or 75% of the voting shares in a credit institution incorporated as a joint stock company (or more than 1/4, 1/3, 1/2 or 2/3 of participation interests in a limited liability company) or brings its stake to 100%. In order to be eligible for obtaining the approval, the acquirer needs to be in existence for at least three years, to have net assets sufficient to pay the purchase price for the shares or participation interests in the credit institution and to have a sound financial standing, the criteria for which in respect of legal entities are established by the CBR Regulation “On the Procedure and Criteria for Assessing the Financial Standing of Legal Entities – Shareholders of Credit Institutions” No. 337-P dated June 19, 2009, as amended. The CBR’s consent is purchaser-specific even when granted to a group, and any intra-group transfers of shares in a credit institution are subject to the same pre-closing approval requirements.

This requirement is also applicable to acquisitions of control over intermediary holding companies with ownership interests in credit institutions. Accordingly, any acquisition of control over our company would need to be pre-approved by the CBR due to our ownership of Qiwi Bank.

The review period is 30 days from the date of the application. The CBR may refuse to grant its consent if the applicant does not meet the eligibility criteria described above, has failed to obtain approval of the Federal Antimonopoly Service, or the FAS, before filing with the CBR or has been previously found guilty of either bankruptcy law violations or causing a loss to a credit institution while being a member of its board of directors (or other supervisory board), its chief executive officer, deputy chief executive officer, or a member of its collective executive body.

Additionally, the Banking Law provides that the Russian government, upon consultation with the CBR, may propose a legislative bill imposing a quota on foreign ownership in the Russian banking industry, covering both Russian branches of international banks and foreign participation in the charter capital of Russian banks. Such quota, if instituted, could prevent foreign investors from obtaining control over our company. However, such quota has not been in existence since 2002 and, to our knowledge, there is currently no intention to reinstate it.

 

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The Anti-Money Laundering Law

The Anti-Money Laundering Law was adopted to comply with the requirements of the Financial Action Task Force, or the FATF, an inter-governmental body developing and promoting policies to combat money laundering and terrorist financing. It covers a broad scope of companies which can be designated as financial services providers, including credit institutions and payment agents. The Anti-Money Laundering Law contains a number of requirements that these companies have to comply with, including, among other things, the development of appropriate internal standards and procedures, client identification, control over client operations and reporting of suspicious activities.

Under the Anti-Money Laundering Law, one of the main obligations of a financial services provider is the “control function”, which involves identification of the clients, gathering information on client operations and reporting of certain operations to Rosfinmonitoring. The Anti-Money Laundering Law requires the performance of verification procedures in the event of any operations in the amount of RUB 600,000 or more (or its equivalent in foreign currencies) where such operations involve:

 

   

cash transactions;

 

   

certain transactions where one of the counterparties is resident in a country that does not participate in international efforts to combat money-laundering, or employs a bank account maintained in such country;

 

   

certain operations in relation to bank accounts or deposits where the beneficiary is not identified;

 

   

deposits to or debiting the money from the account of legal entities, where such legal entity has been in existence for less than three months or where no operations have been performed with such bank account from the date of its opening; and

 

   

certain other transactions with moveable property involving, among other things, money transfers by companies which are not credit institutions.

In addition, financial services providers must carry out these procedures in the event of any operation involving an individual or organization that is known to participate in extremist or terrorist activities. If the officers of a financial services provider suspect that an operation is conducted in order to legalize any funds received from illegal activities or to finance terrorist activities, such operations must be reported to Rosfinmonitoring whether or not they qualify as controlled operations. Financial services providers must not inform their clients that transactions are being reported to Rosfinmonitoring.

Financial services providers are generally required to identify their clients. However, certain transactions are exempt from the identification requirements under the Anti-Money Laundering Law, in particular, money transfers by individuals not exceeding RUB 15,000, unless officers of a financial service provider suspect that such operation is carried out to legalize funds received from illegal activities or to finance terrorism. Additionally, the requirements of the Anti-Money Laundering Law only pertain to individual transactions and not series of transactions.

Intellectual Property Regulation

The Civil Code of Russia (Part IV) is the basic law in Russia that governs intellectual property rights, including their protection and enforcement. According to it, the software and technologies that we develop internally generally do not require registration and enjoy legal protection simply by virtue of being created and either publicly disclosed or existent in a certain material form. In addition, we obtain proprietary rights to materials that are subject to copyright protection and that are created for us on the basis of agreements with the authors of such materials. Also, subject to compliance with the requirements of the Civil Code, we are deemed to have acquired any copyrights created by our employees during the course of their employment with us and within the scope of their job functions, and have the exclusive rights to their further use and disposal.

 

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Under Russian law, the registration of copyrighted materials is not required. Software may be registered by a copyright holder, at its discretion, with the Russian Federal Service for Intellectual Property, Patents and Trademarks, or Rospatent, but such registration is not customary. We normally do not register software that we develop with the Rospatent since we believe that we are adequately protected as the exclusive copyright holder of our software. Additionally, due to the constant development and improvement of software, we consider registration of software to be inefficient. We, however, hold copyright registrations for some of our software in Russia and the United States.

Only trademarks and patents for inventions, utility models and industrial designs require mandatory registration with the Rospatent. Trademarks registered abroad under the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Trademarks dated April 14, 1891 and/or the Protocol to the Agreement dated June 27, 1989, have equal legal protection in Russia as locally registered trademarks. Our main brands are registered as trademarks in Russia, the CIS and several other countries where we operate.

Advertising Regulation

The principal Russian law governing advertising, including advertising on the kiosks and terminals, is the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 38-F2 “On Advertising,” dated March 13, 2006, as amended, or the Advertising Law. The Advertising Law provides for a wide array of restrictions, prohibitions and limitations pertaining to contents and methods of advertising.

Set forth below is a non-exhaustive list of types and methods of advertising that are prohibited regardless of the advertised product and the advertising medium:

 

   

advertising that may induce criminal, violent or cruel behavior;

 

   

advertising that judges or otherwise humiliates those who do not use the advertised product;

 

   

use of pornographic or indecent materials in advertising;

 

   

use of foreign words that may lead to the advertising being misleading;

 

   

statements that the advertised product has been approved by state and municipal authorities or officials;

 

   

depiction of smoking and alcohol consumption;

 

   

advertising of healing properties of a product that is not a registered medicine or medical service; and

 

   

omission of material facts that leads to advertising being misleading.

The law also prohibits advertisements for certain regulated products and services without appropriate certification, licensing or approval. Advertisements for products such as alcohol, tobacco, pharmaceuticals, baby food, financial instruments or securities and financial services, as well as incentive sweepstakes and advertisements aimed at minors, must comply with specific rules and must in certain cases contain specified disclosure.

Russian advertising laws define and prohibit, among other things, “unfair”, “untrue” and “hidden” advertising (i.e. advertising that influences consumers without their knowledge). Advertising based on improper comparisons of the advertised products with products sold by other sellers is deemed unfair. It is also prohibited to advertise goods which may not be produced and distributed under Russian law.

In addition, the distribution of advertisements using telecommunications devices, such as advertisements over short messaging, requires the consent of the recipient of the ad, which we receive through having the customer agree to a public offer before making a transaction through one of our kiosks. The Advertising Law does not specifically regulate advertising through kiosks.

In some cases, violation of the Advertising Law can lead to civil actions or administrative penalties that can be imposed by the FAS.

 

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Privacy and Personal Data Protection Regulation

We are subject to laws and regulations regarding privacy and protection of the user data, including the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 152-FZ “On Personal Data” dated July 27, 2006, as amended, or the Personal Data Law. The Personal Data Law, among other things, requires that an individual must consent to the processing (i.e. any action or combination of actions performed on personal data, including the collection, recording, systematization, accumulation, storage, use, transfer (distributing, providing or authorizing access to), blocking, deleting and destroying) of his/her personal data and must provide this consent before such data is processed. Generally, the Personal Data Law does not require the consent to be in writing but requires it to be in any form that, from an evidential perspective, sufficiently attests to the fact that it has been obtained.

However, the consent must be in writing in certain cases, including: (i) where the processing relates to special categories of personal data (regarding the subject’s race, nationality, political views, religion, philosophical beliefs, health conditions or intimate information); (ii) where the processing of personal data relates to any physiological and biological characteristics of the subject which can help to establish the identity of the subject (such as, for example, biometric personal data); (iii) cross-border transfers to a state that does not provide adequate protection of rights of subjects; and (iv) the reporting or transferring of an employees’ personal data to a third party, etc. The written consent of subjects must meet a number of formal requirements and must be signed by holographic or electronic signature. In other cases, the consent may be in any form that, from an evidential perspective, attests to the fact that it has been obtained.

We obtain consents from our users by asking them to click an icon indicating their consent to us processing their personal data. Failure to comply with legislation on personal data may lead to civil, criminal, disciplinary and administrative liability, and an obligation to terminate or procure the termination of any wrongful processing of personal data.

Antimonopoly Regulation

Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 135-FZ “On Protection of Competition” dated July 26, 2006, as amended, or the Competition Law, grants to the FAS as the antimonopoly regulator wide powers and authorities to ensure competition in the market, including approval or monitoring of mergers and acquisitions, establishment of rules of conduct for market players that occupy dominant positions, prosecution any wrongful abuse of a dominant position, and the prevention of cartels and other anti-competitive agreements or practices. The regulator may impose significant administrative fines on market players that abuse their dominant position or otherwise restrict competition, and is entitled to challenge contracts, agreements or transactions that are performed in violation of the antimonopoly regulation. We have a substantial market share in the kiosks and terminals and electronic payments markets, but are not recognized by the regulator as occupying a dominant position since these markets are relatively new. However, we understand that the regulator could in the future focus on the markets that we are active in, and could identify dominant players and impose conduct limitations and other requirements on them.

The Competition Law expressly provides for its extraterritorial application to transactions which are made outside of Russia but lead, or may lead, to the restriction of competition in Russia and which relate to assets located on the territory of Russia, to the shares (or participation interests) in Russian companies or rights in relation to such companies, shares in or rights in relation to foreign target companies which had sales to Russia of at least RUB 1 billion for the year preceding the year in which the transaction is consummated.

The Competition Law provides for mandatory pre-approval by the FAS of mergers, acquisitions, company formations and certain other transactions involving companies which meet certain financial thresholds. Certain specific rules and thresholds are provided by the Competition Law in relation to pre-approval by the FAS of acquisitions of financial services providers, which, under the Competition Law, include credit institutions, but do not include payment agents. Different thresholds apply to transactions with other financial entities as targets.

 

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The Competition Law stipulates certain carve-outs from this rule providing for post-transactional notification to the FAS instead of FAS pre-approval. The Competition Law provides for a mandatory post-transactional notification (within 45 days of the closing of the transaction) to the FAS in connection with the transactions specified above, if the aggregate asset value or total annual revenues of the acquirer (and its group) and the target (and its group) for the preceding calendar year exceeds RUB 400 million and the total asset value of the target (and its group) exceeds RUB 60 million; and in connection with mergers and consolidations of entities if the aggregate asset value or the total annual revenues of such entities exceed RUB 400 million. Intra-group transfers are generally notifiable; however, there are certain exceptions to the Competition Law in this respect.

Under the Competition Law, if an acquirer has acted in violation of the merger control rules and, for example, acquired shares without obtaining the prior approval of the FAS, the transaction may be invalidated by a court order initiated by the FAS, provided that such transaction has led or may lead to the restriction of competition, for example, by means of strengthening of a dominant position in the relevant market.

More generally, Russian legislation provides for civil, administrative and criminal liability for the violation of antimonopoly legislation.

Regulation of Strategic Investments

Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 57-FZ “On the Procedure for Foreign Investments in Enterprises which are Strategically Important for the State Defense and National Security”, dated April 29, 2008, as amended, or the Strategic Enterprise Law, provides that an acquisition by a foreign investor (or a group of persons including a foreign investor) of direct or indirect control over a company holding encryption license requires prior approval of a specialized governmental commission. The approval process usually takes between three and six months. Qiwi Bank holds an encryption license, which is necessary to conduct its operations, and by virtue of this may be deemed to be a “strategic enterprise”.

Under the Strategic Enterprise Law, a person is deemed to have control over a strategic enterprise if, among other things, such person controls, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the total number of votes attributable to the voting shares comprising the share capital of such strategic enterprise.

The Strategic Enterprise Law is not clear on how to interpret “indirect” control over a strategic enterprise and in what circumstances an acquisition of shares in the holding company of a strategic enterprise would represent an “indirect” acquisition of shares in the latter and, consequently, require approval of the specialized governmental commission. Although a view can be taken that an “indirect” acquisition takes place if a foreign investor acquires over 50% of the shares in the holding company of a strategic enterprise or otherwise obtains control over the holding company, there is no assurance that Russian state authorities would not interpret it differently and apply a lower threshold to the acquisition of such holding company.

 

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MANAGEMENT

Directors and Executive Officers

The following table sets forth information regarding our directors and executive officers as of the date of this prospectus. We intend to appoint three additional directors in connection with this offering.

 

Name

   Age     

Position

Andrey Romanenko

     33       Director, Chairman of the Board

Sergey Solonin

     39       Director, Chief Executive Officer

Andrei Muravyev

     38       Director

Igor Mikhailov

     42       Director

Matthew Hammond

     38       Director

Verdi Israelian

     37       Director

Boris Kim

     49       Director

Alexander Agakov

     39       Head, Qiwi Distribution

Maxim Popov

     35       Head, Visa Qiwi Wallet

Andrey Popkov

     52      

Head, Qiwi International Payment Systems

Yury Demidovich

     48      

Head of Business Development, Visa Qiwi Wallet

Alexander Karavaev

     38       Chief Operating Officer

Evgeny Filimonov

     40       Chief Financial Officer

Maria Panferova

     33       General Counsel

Biographies

Andrey Romanenko.     Mr. Andrey Romanenko has served as our director since December 2010 and as chairman of our board of directors since October 2012. He was nominated to our board of directors by Antana. Mr. Romanenko is an entrepreneur and has over 14 years of experience in the payment services and banking industries. He is one of the co-founders of our predecessor, OSMP, and from July 2007 until October 2012 served as our chief executive officer. Since March 2011, Mr. Romanenko has been a partner of two venture funds, AddVenture III and iTech Capital. Mr. Romanenko has served as a member of the board of directors of Qiwi Bank since June 2009. Mr. Romanenko graduated from International Independent University of Environmental and Political Sciences in 2000 with a degree in financial management.

Sergey Solonin.     Mr. Sergey Solonin has served as our director since December 2010 and as our chief executive officer since October 2012. He was nominated to our board of directors by Saldivar. Mr. Solonin is an entrepreneur and has over 14 years of experience in the payment services and banking industries. He is one of the co-founders of OSMP and from April 2009 until October 2012 served as an advisor to the president on financial matters at OSMP. Mr. Solonin is currently the chief executive officer of Qiwi-Service JSC, a position he has held since October 2012. He also serves on the board of directors of Qiwi Bank and from March 1999 until September 2009 was the chairman of its board of directors. Mr. Solonin is also an executive of ITbillion LLC as well as one of the two directors of iTech Advisors Ltd. and a director of OJSC United Art Tickets. Mr. Solonin graduated from the Russian Financial Institution in 1996 with a degree in economics.

Andrei Muravyev.     Mr. Andrei Muravyev has served as our director since                      2013. He was nominated to our board of directors by Palmway. Mr. Muravyev is an entrepreneur and is one of the co-founders of Parus Capital Limited, an investment company. He was also one of the co-founders of OJSC Holding Company Sibirskiy Cement, one of the largest cement producers in Russia. He is a director and a chief executive officer of Parus Capital Limited, a position he has held since September 2008. From August 2004 until August 2008 Mr. Muravyev was a director and a chief executive officer of OJSC Holding Company Sibirskiy Cement. Mr. Muravyev graduated from Kemerovo State Technical University in 1997 with a degree in economics. He also graduated with a BA from San Francisco University in 1998 with a degree in finance.

 

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Igor Mikhailov.     Mr. Igor Mikhailov has served as our director since                      2013. He was nominated to our board of directors by Dargle and Bralvo. Mr. Mikhailov is an entrepreneur with over 14 years of experience in the payment services industry. He is one of the co-founders of OSMP. Mr. Mikhailov is as an advisor to the president on strategic planning at OSMP, a position he has held since November 2007.

Matthew Hammond.     Mr. Matthew Hammond has served as our director since September 2011. He was nominated to our board of directors by Mail.ru. He is a managing director and a deputy chief financial officer of Mail.ru, a position he has held since April 2011. He also serves on the board of directors of Mail.ru, a position he has held since May 2010. Mr. Hammond is also a non-executive director of Nautilus Minerals Inc., Strike Resources and Puricore. Previously, Mr. Hammond was a group strategist for Metalloinvest Holdings where he managed Metalloinvest’s non-core asset portfolio and advised its board of directors on investment strategy, mergers and acquisitions and foreign exchange transactions. Prior to that, he was a technology analyst at Credit Suisse from 1997 until 2009. Mr. Hammond graduated with a BA from Bristol University in 1997 with a degree in economics and history.

Verdi Israelian.     Mr. Verdi Israelian has served as our director since                      2013. He was nominated to our board of directors by Mail.ru. He is the chief financial officer of Mail.ru, a position he has held since August 2011, and the chief operating officer of LLC Internet Company Mail.ru, a position he has held since November 2010. He also serves on the board of directors of several portfolio companies owned by Mail.ru. Previously, Mr. Israelian was co-head of the European Special Situations Group (CIS Operations) at Goldman Sachs in Moscow. Prior to that, he was deputy head of Russia Investment Banking at Morgan Stanley. He started his career at Arthur Andersen and subsequently worked at Lehman Brothers in London. Mr. Israelian holds an MBA from the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University in the Netherlands.

Boris Kim.     Mr. Boris Kim has served as our director since                      2013. He was nominated to our board of directors by E1. Mr. Kim is an entrepreneur with over 18 years of experience in the payment services industry. He is also the head of the payment networks and banking instruments committee at the Russian E-Market Participants National Association. He is one of the co-founders of e-port and served as its chief executive officer from November 2004 until September 2007 and from September 2007 until February 2010 was an advisor to the chief executive officer of e-port. From October 1999 until October 2004, Mr. Kim was advisor to the chairman of the board of the banking and financial group Zerich. From September 1993 until January 1999 he was a chairman of the management board of Chastny Bank. Mr. Kim graduated from Lomonosov Moscow State University in 1985 with a degree in chemistry, Russian Institute of Finance and Economics in 1996 with a degree in finance, Moscow State Law Academy in 2000 with a degree in law and Lomonosov Moscow State University in 2004 with a degree in psychology and a degree in philosophy.

Alexander Agakov.    Mr. Alexander Agakov has served as head of our Qiwi Distribution segment since November 2011. Mr. Agakov has over 19 years of experience in sales. He is also the director general at OSMP, a position he has held since November 2011. From January 2010 until November 2011, he was vice president of commerce at OSMP. Prior to that, Mr. Agakov was a director of CIS business development at OSMP. From October 1996 until November 2007, Mr. Agakov held numerous positions with the sales division at Mars LLC. Mr. Agakov graduated from the International Slavic Institute in Kaliningrad in 2004 with a degree in finance.

Maxim Popov.    Mr. Maxim Popov has served as head of our Qiwi Wallet segment since May 2012. Mr. Popov has over 7 years of experience in the payment services industry. He is also currently a managing director at Qiwi Bank, a position he has held since May 2012. From January 2010 until April 2012, he was a vice president of marketing and development at OSMP, and from March 2008 until January 2010 was deputy general manager of the development department at OSMP. From April 2007 until March 2008 he was a head of the development department in charge of R&D projects and new product development at OSMP. Before joining us, Mr. Popov was a manager at the regional bureau of MosBusiness Consulting LLC from September 2005 until April 2007. Mr. Popov graduated from International Academy of Marketing and Management in 2004 with a master’s degree in economics.

 

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Andrey Popkov.    Mr. Andrey Popkov has served as head of Qiwi International Payment Systems since January 2010. Mr. Popkov has over 7 years of experience in IT. From November 2005 until December 2009 he was an advisor to the chairman on start-up matters, including mobile wallet project (the predecessor of Qiwi Wallet). Before joining us, Mr. Popkov was a head of the Moscow representative office of Star Glass from September 2003 until October 2005. From October 1983 until March 1990, he was a chemical scientist at Zelinski Organic Chemistry Institute of USSR Academy of Science. Mr. Popkov graduated from Moscow State University in 1983 with a degree in chemistry. He also holds an MBA degree from California State University, Hayward.

Yury Demidovich.    Mr. Yury Demidovich has served as head of business development of our Qiwi Wallet segment since November 2008. Mr. Demidovich has over 22 years of experience in the payment services industry. He is also a senior vice president in charge of business development at Qiwi Bank, a position he has held since November 2008. Before joining us, from 2007 until 2008. Mr. Demidovich was an executive vice president of business development at JSC Lanit, an IT-system integrator company. Previously, Mr. Demidovich was chief executive officer of JSC Sbercard from November 2005 until April 2007. From April 1991 until October 2005, he was an executive vice president of BGS SmartCard Systems A.G. and head of its Russian and CIS representative office. Mr. Demidovich graduated from Bauman Moscow State Technical University in 1988 with a master’s degree in engineering.

Alexander Karavaev.    Mr. Alexander Karavaev has served as our chief operating officer since August 2012. Mr. Karavaev has over 15 years of experience in finance and accounting. He is also an executive director of Qiwi-Service JSC, a position he has held since August 2012. Before joining us, from November 2008 until September 2011 Mr. Karavaev was a chief financial officer of Mail.ru. He also previously served as a nominee director for Mail.ru on our board of directors. Previously, Mr. Karavaev was a chief financial officer of Akado Group (a subsidiary of Renova Holding) between March 2008 and October 2008 and a deputy chief financial officer at Renova between May 2007 and October 2008. He was also vice a president of development of financial systems at SUAL Holding from December 2003 until May 2007. Mr. Karavaev started his career at the audit department of Arthur Andersen in July 1997 and after moving to Ernst & Young in May 2001 worked at the audit and business consulting departments until December 2003. Mr. Karavaev graduated with honors from Siberian Aerospace Academy in 1998 with a degree in economics, majoring in management and strategic planning. Concurrently, between September 1996 and October 1997, he attended the University Passau in Germany, studying strategic planning.

Evgeny Filimonov.    Mr. Evgeny Filimonov has served as our chief financial officer since October 2010. Mr. Filimonov has been with us since our inception. He is also a financial director of Qiwi-Service JSC, a position he has held since October 2012. Previously, he was an executive director of OSMP, between October 2008 and October 2010. From December 1999 until October 2008, Mr. Filimonov held numerous positions with e-port, including as commercial director since November 2004. Mr. Filimonov graduated with honors from Moscow State Institute of Radio-Engineering Electronics and Automation (Electronics and Optoelectronic Engineering Department) in 1996 with a degree in engineering.

Maria Panferova.    Ms. Maria Panferova has served as our general counsel since April 2003. Ms. Panferova has over 12 years of experience in law. She has been with us since our inception. Ms. Panferova is also a director of legal policy and strategic communications in Qiwi-Service JSC, a position she has held since October 2012. From November 2010 until September 2012, she was a vice president for legal policy and strategic communications at OSMP. She also serves on the board of directors of OJSC United Art Tickets, a position she has held since June 2006. Previously, Ms. Panferova was a deputy chairman of the management board and a general counsel of Russian Investment Club CJSC (subsequently renamed as JSCB First Processing Bank (CJSC) and Qiwi Bank), between April 2003 and November 2010. Ms. Panferova graduated from the Saint Petersburg Institute for International Economic Relations, Economics and Law in 2001 with a degree in law.

 

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Board of Directors

Our company has a single-tier board structure, with a board of directors comprised of up to twelve directors nominated and elected by the shareholders (subject to certain exemptions), including up to three directors who shall be independent directors (see also – “Description of Share Capital – Board of Directors”). The primary responsibility of our board of directors is to oversee the operations of our company, and to supervise the policies of senior management and the affairs of our company. Immediately following the completion of this offering, our board of directors will consist of nine directors, including eight elected directors (one of whom, Mr. Sergey Solonin, is also our chief executive officer) and one independent director who will be appointed by our board of directors. The term for the directors serving on our board of directors at the time of the offering will expire at the annual general meeting of shareholders to be held in 2014. After that meeting, our directors will be elected at each subsequent annual general meeting of shareholders.

Under Nasdaq listing standards, a director employed by us or that has, or had, certain relationships with us during the three years prior to this offering, cannot be deemed to be an independent director, and each other director will qualify as independent, only if our board of directors affirmatively determines that he has no material relationship with us, either directly or as a partner, shareholder or officer of an organization that has a relationship with us. Ownership of a significant amount of our shares, by itself, does not constitute a material relationship. Accordingly, our board of directors has affirmatively determined that, immediately following the completion of this offering, each of Messrs                      and                      is independent in accordance with the rules of the                     .

Committees of our Board of Directors

We have established four committees under the board of directors: the audit committee, compensation committee, strategy committee and innovation committee. We have adopted a charter for each of these committees. Each committee’s members and functions are as follows.

Audit committee. Our audit committee consists of Messrs.                     ,                      and                     . Mr.                      is the chairman of the audit committee and our board of directors has determined that                      qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,” as defined under applicable stock exchange rules and regulations of the SEC. Messrs.                      and                      are independent directors. We are relying on the phase-in rules of the SEC and                      with respect to the independence of our audit committee. These rules permit us to have an audit committee in which a majority of members are independent ninety days after the listing date and all members are independent within one year of the listing date.

The purpose of the audit committee is to assist our board of directors with its oversight responsibilities regarding: (a) the integrity of our financial statements, (b) our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, (c) the independent auditor’s qualifications and independence and (d) the performance of our internal audit function and independent auditor.

Our audit committee’s duties include, but are not limited to:

 

   

selecting the independent registered public accounting firm and pre-approving all auditing and non-auditing services permitted to be performed by the independent registered public accounting firm;

 

   

reviewing with the independent registered public accounting firm any audit problems or difficulties and management’s response;

 

   

reviewing all proposed related party transactions, as defined in Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act;

 

   

discussing the annual audited financial statements with management and the independent registered public accounting firm;

 

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reviewing major issues as to the adequacy of our internal control and any special audit steps adopted in light of material control deficiencies; and

 

   

meeting separately and periodically with management and the independent registered public accounting firm.

Compensation committee. Our compensation committee consists of Messrs.                     ,                      and                     . Mr.                      is the chairman of the compensation committee.

Our compensation committee’s duties include, but are not limited to:

 

   

approving the compensation package of the chief executive officer;

 

   

administering our equity incentive plan;

 

   

overseeing, and advising the board of directors on, overall compensation plans and benefit programs; and

 

   

authorizing the repurchase of shares from terminated employees.

None of the members of our compensation committee is an officer or employee of our company.

Strategy committee. Our strategy committee consists of Messrs.                     ,                      and                     . Mr.                      is the chairman of the strategy committee. Our strategy committee has a key role in defining our strategic goals and objectives, advises our board of directors on the implementation of our strategic goals and objectives and oversees their implementation.

Innovation committee. Our innovation committee consists of Messrs.                     ,                      and                     . Mr.                      is the chairman of the innovation committee.

Our innovation committee’s duties include, but are not limited to:

 

   

monitoring and reviewing emerging science and technology issues and trends;

 

   

reviewing the overall strategy in relation to intellectual property and innovation; and

 

   

evaluating and supervising investments in or acquisitions of start-up companies or large research and development initiatives.

Code of Ethics and Business Conduct

We have adopted a Code of Ethics and Business Conduct that applies to all of our directors, officers and employees. The Code of Ethics and Business Conduct is intended to promote honest and ethical conduct, full and accurate reporting, and compliance with laws as well as other matters. A printed copy of the Code of Ethics and Business Conduct can be obtained free of charge by writing to our general counsel.

Directors’ Duties

Under Cyprus law, our directors owe fiduciary duties at both common law and under statute, including a statutory duty and common law duty to act honestly, in good faith and in what the director believes are the best interests of our company. When exercising powers or performing duties as a director, the director is required to exercise the care, diligence and skill that a responsible director would exercise in the same circumstances taking into account, without limitation, the nature of the company, the nature of the decision and the position of the director and the nature of the responsibilities undertaken by him. The directors are required to exercise their powers for a proper purpose and must not act or agree to the company acting in a manner that contravenes our articles of association or Cyprus law.

 

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Employment Agreements

We have entered into employment agreements with each of our executive officers. Each of these contains standard terms and conditions in compliance with Russian labor law. The terms of these employment agreements include, among other things, duration, remuneration, the treatment of confidential information, social insurance and employment benefits.

Under the agreements, our executive officers are entitled to statutory termination benefits in accordance with Russian labor law, which generally amount to between one and three months’ salary. We may terminate the employment agreements with our executive officers in accordance with the general provisions envisaged by Russian labor law if, inter alia, one of our executive officers commits serious breach of duties, is guilty of any gross misconduct in connection with the handling of money or valuables, or takes an erroneous decision that leads to improper use of, or causes damage to, our property. In addition, Russian labor law and employment agreements of certain of our executive officers contain certain additional provisions whereby we may terminate their employment agreements if such officers are dismissed from office in accordance with Russian bankruptcy legislation.

Our executive officers have also agreed not to engage in any activities that compete with us, or to directly or indirect solicit the services of our employees, for a period of one year after termination of employment. Each executive officer has agreed to hold in strict confidence any confidential information or trade secrets of our company. Each executive officer also agrees to comply with all material applicable laws and regulations related to his or her responsibilities at our company as well as all material corporate and business policies and procedures of our company.

Limitation on Liability and Indemnification of Directors and Officers

Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that, subject to certain limitations, we will indemnify our directors and officers against any losses or liabilities which they may sustain or incur in or about the execution of their duties including liability incurred in defending any proceedings whether civil or criminal in which judgment is given in their favor or in which they are acquitted.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and may therefore be unenforceable.

Interests of our Directors and our Employees

Certain of our directors and our executive officers have beneficial ownership interests in our shares or hold options to purchase shares. The economic interests through these may give rise to a conflict of interest between their duties owed to us and their private interests. For example, it could cause them to pursue short-term gains in respect of those private interests instead of acting in our best interest. Other than the potential conflicts of interest described in the table in “Principal and Selling Shareholders”, we are not aware of any other potential conflicts of interest between any duties owed by members of our board of directors or our executive officers to us and their private interests and/or other duties.

Under our amended and restated articles of association, a director who is in any way interested in a contract or proposed contract with us must declare the nature of his or her interest at a meeting of our board of directors in accordance with Cyprus law. In addition, a director may not vote in respect of any contract or arrangement in which he or she is interested, and if the director does vote, his or her vote will not be counted and he or she will not be counted for purposes of determining whether quorum at the meeting has been established.

Our directors are generally not prohibited from owning or acquiring interests in companies that could compete with us in the future for investments or business, and each of them has a range of business relationships outside the context of their relationship with us that could influence their decisions in the future.

 

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Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers

Under our articles of association, our shareholders determine the compensation of our directors from time to time at a general meeting of our shareholders, our board of directors determines the compensation of our chief executive officer (which power has been delegated to the compensation committee), and our chief executive officer determines the compensation of our other executive officers.

For the year ended December 31, 2012, the aggregate remuneration paid (comprising salary, discretionary bonuses and other short-term benefits) to our directors and executive officers was RUB 124,164,000. No amounts in respect of pensions, retirement or similar benefits have been accrued in any of the periods presented in this prospectus. We did not pay any remuneration to our non-executive directors. Our Russian subsidiaries are required by law to make contributions equal to fixed percentages of each employee’s salary for his or her pension insurance, medical insurance and other statutory benefits. None of our non-executive directors and independent director appointees has a service contract with us that provides for benefits upon termination of office.

Employee Stock Option Plan

General. In October 2012, our board of directors adopted and our shareholders approved an Employee Stock Option Plan, or the Plan, an equity-based incentive compensation plan intended to help align the interests of our management and others with those of our shareholders. In January 2013, the Plan was amended and restated. Under the Plan, we may grant options to purchase our class B shares to employees and service providers in connection with their provision of services to us or our subsidiaries. A maximum of 3,640,000 of our class B shares, or 7% of our entire issued and outstanding share capital as of the date immediately preceding our initial public offering, are reserved for issuance under the Plan, subject to equitable adjustment in the event of certain corporate transactions, such as a stock split or recapitalization. The Plan is scheduled to expire on the tenth anniversary of its adoption, although previously granted awards will remain outstanding after such date in accordance with their terms.

Administration. Our board of directors administers the Plan, including selecting participants, determining the vesting schedule, exercise price, term of the award, transfer restrictions applicable to shares acquired pursuant to an option exercise and other terms and conditions of option awards under the Plan. Our board of directors also has the authority to make all necessary or appropriate interpretations of Plan terms. Our board of directors generally may delegate its authority under the Plan to a board committee, such as a nomination and compensation committee.

Option Terms Generally. Options granted under the Plan permit the holder of the option to purchase our class B shares once such options are vested and exercisable, at a purchase price per share determined by our board of directors and specified in the option grant. Grants of options under the Plan following the initial public offering will have a purchase price per share not less than the average closing price of our class B shares on the

principal exchange on which such shares are then traded for the ten business days immediately preceding the date of grant. Options granted under the Plan cannot be sold, pledged or disposed of in any manner without our prior written consent.

Outstanding Awards. On December 21, 2012, we granted options to purchase a total of 2,216,778 class B shares under the Plan to 34 members of our management, each with a per-share exercise price of U.S.$13.6452. Of the 2,216,778 options granted, 347,232 vested on the grant date, 776,547 will vest on January 1, 2014, 720,117 will vest on January 1, 2015, and further 372,882 will vest on January 1, 2016, in each case subject to the option holder’s continued employment with us or one of our subsidiaries. Of the 776,547 options vesting on January 1, 2014, 347,232 will vest immediately upon our initial public offering. All options under the Plan become vested on a change in control over us, as defined in the Plan.

Net Income Transfer Restriction. All options granted under the Plan are subject to an additional transfer restriction applicable to shares acquired by exercising the option. This transfer restriction prohibits the individual

 

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from transferring these shares unless we have achieved U.S.$170 million in net income (measured in accordance with the management reporting practices) during the previous 12 month period. We will determine at the end of each fiscal quarter whether such net income test has been met and, to the extent that it has not been met, individuals holding shares acquired through the exercise of these options are not permitted to transfer the shares while they remain employed by us or one of our subsidiaries. This transfer restriction will cease to apply in the event that the option holder’s employment or service with us or our subsidiaries terminates.

Other Information. Shares subject to options which are cancelled or forfeited without being exercised will be returned to the Plan and will be available for subsequent option grants under the Plan. Following the consummation of this offering, we will be subject to the listing rules of                      governing the adoption or amendment of equity compensation plans. Any material amendment to the Plan (such as the addition of more class B shares to the pool of shares available under the Plan) or the adoption of a new equity compensation plan, will be subject to approval by our shareholders.

Outstanding Equity Awards to Certain Executive Officers

The following table sets forth certain information with respect to outstanding equity awards held by the following executive officers at March 18, 2013:

 

    Grant Date     Number of
Class B Shares
Underlying
Vested
Options (#)
Exercisable
    Number of
Class B Shares
Underlying
Unvested
Options (#)
Unexercisable
    Option Exercise
Price ($)
    Option Expiration
Date(1)
 

Alexander Agakov

    December 21, 2012        27,745        138,724        13.6452        December 31, 2017   

Maxim Popov

    December 21, 2012        19,067        95,332        13.6452        December 31, 2017   

Andrey Popkov

    December 21, 2012        16,749        83,748        13.6452        December 31, 2017   

Yury Demidovich

    December 21, 2012        12,474        62,373        13.6452        December 31, 2017   

Alexander Karavaev

    December 21, 2012               133,380        13.6452        December 31, 2017   

Evgeny Filimonov

    December 21, 2012        18,229        91,143        13.6452        December 31, 2017   

Mariya Panferova

    December 21, 2012        17,339        86,697        13.6452        December 31, 2017   

 

(1) If the initial public offering or a change of control (as defined in the Plan) does not occur on or prior to December 31, 2015, the expiration date in respect of each of these options shall be the earlier of December 31, 2022 or the date which is 720 days from the date of the initial public offering or the change of control, whichever happens earlier.

 

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PRINCIPAL AND SELLING SHAREHOLDERS

The following table sets forth information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our shares outstanding (i) immediately prior to this offering, (ii) immediately following the offering, assuming no exercise of the over-allotment option, and (iii) immediately following the offering, assuming the over-allotment option is exercised in full, by:

 

   

each of our directors, director nominees, and executive officers individually and as a group;

 

   

each person known to us to own beneficially more than 5% of our issued class A shares and/or Class B shares; and

 

   

each selling shareholder.

The calculations in the table below are based on 52,000,000 class B shares outstanding as of March 18, 2013, which comprise our entire issued and outstanding share capital as of that date.

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. In computing the number of shares beneficially owned by a person and the percentage ownership of that person, we have included shares that the person has the right to acquire within 60 days, including through the exercise of any option, warrant or other right or the conversion of any other security. These shares, however, are not included in the computation of the percentage ownership of any other person.

Currently, none of our ordinary shares are held by U.S. holders.

 

    Prior to this
Offering
    Total
number of
Class B
Shares
being
offered
  After this Offering
(Assuming no Exercise of the Over-
Allotment Option)
  After this Offering
(Assuming the Over-allotment Option
is Exercised in Full)
    Total
Class B

Shares(1)
    Total %
of Issued
Share
Capital
      Total
Class A
Shares
  Total
Class B
Shares
  Total %
of Issued
Share
Capital
  Total % of
Votes at a
General
Meeting
  Total
Class A
Shares
  Total
Class B
Shares
  Total % of
Issued
Share
Capital
  Total % of
Votes at a
General
Meeting

Directors and Executive Officers:

                     

Andrey Romanenko(2)

    6,591,321        12.7                     

Sergey Solonin(3)

    13,182,642        25.4                     

Andrei Muravyev(4)

    4,429,492        8.5                     

Igor Mikhailov(5)

    2,279,740        4.4                     

Matthew Hammond

                               

Verdi Israelian

                               

Boris Kim(6)

    4,385,333        8.4                     

Alexander Agakov(7)

    27,745        0.0005 (16)                   

Maxim Popov(8)

    19,067        0.0004 (16)                   

Andrey Popkov(9)

    16,749        0.0003 (16)                   

Yury Demidovich(10)

    12,474        0.0002 (16)                   

Alexander Karavaev

                               

Evgeny Filimonov(11)

    18,229        0.0004 (16)                   

Mariya Panferova(12)

    17,339        0.0003 (16)                   

All directors and executive officers as a group

    30,980,131        59.6 (16)                   

Principal and Selling Shareholders:

                     

Antana International Corporation(2)

    6,591,320        12.7                     

Saldivar Investments Limited(3)

    13,182,641        25.4                     

Palmway Holdings Limited(4)

    4,429,492        8.5                     

Dargle International Limited(5)

    2,279,739        4.4                     

E1 Limited(6)

    4,385,333        8.4                     

Bralvo Limited(13)

    2,279,739        4.4                     

Mail.ru Group Limited(14)

    11,103,733        21.4                     

Mitsui & Co., Ltd(15)

    7,748,000        14.9                     

 

(1) On the pricing date, a portion of class B shares held by our principal and selling shareholders will be converted into class A shares.
(2) Andrey Romanenko and Nikolay Romanenko is each the owner of 50% of shares of Antana International Corporation and, accordingly, share voting and dispositive power over our shares held by such entity. The address of such entity is Geneva Place, Waterfront Drive, P.O. Box 3469, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands.
(3) Sergey Solonin is the owner of 88.9% of shares of Saldivar Investments Limited and, accordingly, holds voting and dispositive power over our shares held by such entity. The address of such entity is Themistokli Dervi, 6 P.C. 1066, Nicosia, Cyprus.
(4) Andrei Muravyev is the owner of 100% of shares of Palmway Holdings Limited and accordingly, holds voting and dispositive power over our shares held by such entity. The address of such entity is 3rd floor, Geneva Place, Waterfront Drive, P.O. Box 3175, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands.

 

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(5) Igor Mikhailov is the owner of 100% of shares of Dargle International Limited and, accordingly, holds voting and dispositive power over our shares held by such entity. The address of such entity is P.O. Box 3321, Drake Chambers, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands.
(6) Boris Kim is the owner of 39.0%, Gennady Babkin is the owner of 38.7% and Alexey Korepanov is the owner of 17.69% of the shares of E1 Limited. Accordingly, these individuals share voting and dispositive power over our shares held by such entity. The address of such entity is Diagoras 4, Kermia Building, 6th floor, office 601-602, Nicosia, Cyprus, 1510.
(7) Reflects the vesting on the grant date and immediately following the closing of this offering of options to purchase 55,490 class B shares under our Employee Stock Option Plan.
(8) Reflects the vesting on the grant date and immediately following the closing of this offering of options to purchase 38,134 class B shares under our Employee Stock Option Plan.
(9) Reflects the vesting on the grant date and immediately following the closing of this offering of options to purchase 33,498 class B shares under our Employee Stock Option Plan.
(10) Reflects the vesting on the grant date and immediately following the closing of this offering of options to purchase 24,948 class B shares under our Employee Stock Option Plan.
(11) Reflects the vesting on the grant date and immediately following the closing of this offering of options to purchase 36,458 class B shares under our Employee Stock Option Plan.
(12) Reflects the vesting on the grant date and immediately following the closing of this offering of options to purchase 34,678 class B shares under our Employee Stock Option Plan.
(13) Sergei Fedyushchenko is the owner of 100% of shares of Bralvo Limited and, accordingly, holds voting and dispositive power over our shares held by such entity. The address of such entity is P.O. Box 3321, Drake Chambers, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands.
(14) Mail.ru Group Limited is a public company the global depositary receipts of which are listed on the London Stock Exchange. The board of directors of the company, which consists of 10 individuals, oversees the investment decisions of the company and, accordingly, may be deemed to have voting and dispositive power. In addition, according to public sources, Mr. Alisher Usmanov, a beneficial shareholder of Mail.ru Group, obtained over 60% voting control over Mail.Ru Group Limited in September 2012. The address of such entity is Trident Trust Company (B.V.I.) Limited, Trident Chambers, P.O. Box 146, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands.
(15) Mitsui & Co., Ltd. is a widely-held public corporation the shares of which are traded on the Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Fukuoka stock exchanges. The address of such entity is 2-1, Ohtemachi 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
(16) Calculated as percentage of the issued share capital assuming exercise of all vested options.

Change in Control Arrangements

We are not aware of any arrangement that may, at a subsequent date, result in a change of control of our company.

 

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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement

On                      2013, we entered into an amended and restated shareholders’ agreement with the class A shareholders to provide for certain matters with respect to our board of directors and share capital. The amended and restated shareholders’ agreement will terminate before the closing of this offering. Our current board of directors was appointed, in part, on the basis of the shareholders’ agreement.

Lease Agreements

OSMP and Qiwi Bank lease our office premises at Petrovskiy Lane 10/2, Moscow, Russia from LLC Lease Arend Com, in which our chief executive officer and shareholder Mr. Sergey Solonin owns a non-controlling stake. The aggregate payments under the lease agreements amount to €61,766 per month. The lease agreements expire in March 2017. Under these agreements, the amount of payments received by LLC Lease Arend Com were RUB 32 million, RUB 33 million and RUB 33 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively.

From January 2009 through November 2011, OSMP subleased our office premises at Varshavskoe Highway 125, Building 18A, Moscow, 117587, the Russian Federation, from LLC Lux Technology, in which certain of our shareholders, including Messrs. Sergey Solonin, Andrey Romanenko and Igor Mikhailov, owned non-controlling stakes. We incurred expenses (excluding value added tax) related to rent with LLC Lux Technology of RUB 16 million and RUB 15 million in the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2011, respectively. LLC Lux Technology leased these premises from OJSC Research and Development Centre for Computer Engineering, or NICEVT, a non-related party. In November 2011, LLC Lux Technology’s lease agreement with NICEVT was assigned to OSMP for a total consideration of RUB 7.4 million (including value added tax of RUB 1.1 million) paid to LLC Lux Technology, and the sublease was terminated.

Loan Agreements

On March 14, 2011, the management board of Qiwi Bank adopted an employee loan program under which Qiwi Bank provides loans to employees of our company, including our executive officers and directors. In late 2012-early 2013, we terminated all loan agreements entered into with our executive officers and directors introduced amendments to the program to bring it into compliance with the requirements of Section 402 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. All loans under such agreements have been fully repaid. Prior to that, we had provided the following loans to, or accepted the following guarantees in relation to loans to third parties from, our executive officers and directors, none of which is currently outstanding:

 

   

On November 30, 2011, Qiwi Bank entered into a credit line facility agreement with Mr. Pavel Ishchenko, the chairman of the management board of Qiwi Bank. The credit line was for a total amount of RUB 6,596,000 and bore interest at an annual rate of the CBR refinancing rate plus 3% from November 30, 2011 until November 28, 2014. The interest rate was subject to increase to 36% per annum if the borrower ceased to be employed by Qiwi Bank. The agreement was secured by a charge over Mr. Ishchenko’s account opened with Qiwi Bank. The borrower had the right to early repayment of the full amount of the loan by giving five days’ prior notice to the creditor. The agreement contained certain customary events of default. The largest amount outstanding under the credit line facility agreement during the periods presented in this prospectus was RUB 6,046,000.

 

   

On September 6, 2010, Qiwi Bank entered into a suretyship agreement with Mr. Andrey Romanenko, a member of our board of directors, securing the performance by Mr. Mikhail Tarasenko, a non-executive employee of Qiwi Bank, of all of his obligations towards Qiwi Bank under a credit facility agreement for a total amount of RUB 1,800,000 bearing interest at an annual rate of 14% from September 6, 2010 until November 1, 2012. The interest rate was subject to an increase to 36% per annum if the borrower ceased to be employed by Qiwi Bank. Under the terms of the suretyship agreement the surety assumed the

 

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obligation to repay the total amount of the borrower’s debt towards Qiwi Bank within three working days from the receipt of the relevant request. The largest amount outstanding under the credit facility agreement during the periods presented in this prospectus was RUB 1,200,000.

 

   

On December 24, 2010, Qiwi Bank entered into a credit line facility agreement with Mr. Maxim Popov, the managing director of our Qiwi Wallet segment. The credit line was for a total amount of RUB 16,000,000 and bore interest at an annual rate of 7% from December 24, 2010 until December 23, 2014. The interest rate was subject to an increase to 36% per annum if the borrower ceased to be employed by Qiwi Bank. The agreement was secured with a charge over the borrower’s account opened with Qiwi Bank and a mortgage on the apartment of the borrower and his spouse. The borrower had the right to early repayment of the full amount of the loan by giving 5 days’ prior notice to the creditor. The agreement contained certain customary events of default. The largest amount outstanding under the credit line facility agreement during the periods presented in this prospectus was RUB 16,000,000.

Additionally, outside the scope of the employee lending policy adopted by Qiwi Bank, on July 23, 2012, OSMP extended a loan to Mr. Alexander Agakov, the chief executive officer of OSMP and the head of our Qiwi Distribution segment, for a total amount of RUB 14,000,000. The loan bore interest at an annual rate of 8%. The interest rate was subject to an increase to 36% per annum if the borrower ceased to be employed by OSMP. The borrower had the right to early repayment of the full amount of the loan. The agreement was unsecured. The agreement also contained certain customary events of default. The largest amount outstanding under the loan during the periods presented in this prospectus was RUB 14,000,000.

Agreements with VTB

On September 6, 2012, OSMP, as borrower, entered into two credit line facility agreements with Bank VTB, one with a credit limit of RUB 500 million and the other with a credit limit of RUB 400 million, bearing an interest at an annual rate of 10.2% and 10.3%, respectively. The terms of both agreements were substantially similar. The loans under each of these agreements were to be drawn down in tranches at the request of the borrower and subject to certain conditions precedent. Under the RUB 500 million agreement, the availability period expired on January 5, 2013 and the final maturity date was on January 17, 2013. Under the RUB 400 million agreement, the availability period expires on the date falling 335 days from the date of the agreement and the final maturity date is the date falling 365 days from the date of the agreement. Both agreements provide for certain customary informational, financial and negative covenants, and the RUB 500 million agreement also provided for a limitation on payment of dividends by OSMP. The due performance of these agreements by OSMP was secured by a surety from our CEO and founding shareholder, Mr. Sergey Solonin. Under the relevant suretyship agreements, Mr. Sergey Solonin has agreed to bear subsidiary liability for the entire amount of OSMP’s obligations under both credit facility agreements with Bank VTB. The RUB 500 million agreement and the respective guarantee have since expired in accordance with their terms. There is currently no outstanding indebtedness under the RUB 500 million agreement.

Qiwi Bank

On September 24, 2010, we acquired 2,949,698 ordinary shares and 2,420 preferred shares in Qiwi Bank, or 99.99797% of its entire issued and outstanding share capital, from certain of our beneficial shareholders, including Messrs. Sergey Solonin, Andrey Romanenko and Igor Mikhailov, for total cash consideration of RUB 629 million. The sale and purchase agreement in respect of Qiwi Bank provides for certain warranties in respect of accounting records of Qiwi Bank and third party claims, including in relation to taxes. There are currently no outstanding obligations under this agreement.

We began consolidating Qiwi Bank in our accounting records from October 1, 2010. Prior to that date, our transactions with Qiwi Bank were accounted for as transactions with a related party. During the periods when it

 

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was not a subsidiary, we received revenues from Qiwi Bank in the form of payment processing fees levied on payments made by Qiwi Bank’s customers through Qiwi Visa Virtual prepaid cards. These revenues are classified as payment processing fee revenue. We also incurred a commission expense to Qiwi Bank for maintaining our bank account.

Lease of Kiosk Locations

In 2010, we entered into a five year lease agreement with a major retailer in respect of kiosk locations to be subsequently subleased to our agents. In March 2011, we entered into an agency agreement with LLC K5 Retail, our equity associate, pursuant to which we commissioned it to sign agreements with our agents in respect of placement and maintenance of their kiosks at locations leased from the retailer. In December 2011, we assigned our rights and obligations under the lease agreement with the retailer to LLC K5 Retail. Under the assignment agreement, the lease deposit paid by us to the retailer was assigned to LLC K5 Retail in exchange for a consideration of RUB 470 million, which was converted into a loan under a novation agreement between us and LLC K5 Retail entered into on January 31, 2012. The amount of loan due from LLC K5 Retail as of December 31, 2012, was RUB 152 million. The loan bears an annual interest of 8%, and its carrying amount was adjusted to reflect the market interest rate of 14%, resulting in a loss of RUB 30,993 for the year ended December 31, 2011.

Payment Processing Services Agreements

We enter into payment processing services, advertising and agency agreements with various affiliates of our directors, executive officers and shareholders in the ordinary course of our business. We believe that all of these agreements are entered into on arm’s length terms, are not material and do not deviate in any material aspect from the terms that we would use in similar contracts with non-related parties.

Bank Accounts and Deposits

Qiwi Bank maintains accounts and deposits of various affiliates of our directors, executive officers and shareholders in the ordinary course of its business amounting to RUB 407 million, which we do not consider material. Some of these affiliates are not considered related parties under IFRS and therefore are not included under balances and transactions with related parties in our consolidated and interim financial statements. We believe that all of the agreements pertaining to such accounts and deposits are entered into on arm’s length terms and do not deviate in any material aspect from the terms that we would use in similar contracts with non-related parties.

Agreement with MegaFon

According to public sources, Mr. Alisher Usmanov, a beneficial shareholder of one of our shareholders, Mail.ru, held a 58.1% voting interest in Mail.ru in March 2013. Mr. Usmanov is also the controlling shareholder of MegaFon. For a description of our contract with MegaFon, see “Business – Merchants – Relationship with the Major MNOs.” For the year ended December 31, 2012, total revenue attributable to our agreement with MegaFon amounted to 6.57% of our total revenue, respectively.

Employment Agreements and Share Options

See “Management – Employment Agreements” and “Management – Employee Stock Option Plan.”

 

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DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL

Overview

We were incorporated as a private limited liability company limited by shares and registered in Cyprus on February 26, 2007 under the name OE Investments Limited pursuant to a certificate of incorporation issued by the Office of the Registrar of Companies in Cyprus, and have conducted business since that date. Our shareholders resolved by a special resolution on August 5, 2010 to change our name to Qiwi Limited. The formal registration with the Registrar of Companies in Cyprus occurred on September 13, 2010. The principal legislation under which we operate, and under which class A and class B shares are created, is the Companies Law, Cap. 113 of Cyprus (as amended), or the Company Law. Our shareholders further resolved by a special resolution on December 31, 2012 to convert our company into a public limited company and to change our name to QIWI plc. Formal registration with the Registrar of Companies in Cyprus occurred on February 25, 2013.

We describe below our share capital, the material provisions of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association in effect on the date of this prospectus and certain requirements of Cypriot law. This description, however, is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and any applicable Cypriot law. References in this section to “we”, “us” and “our” refer to QIWI plc only.

Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association were approved by a general meeting of our shareholders on December 31, 2012. Our management bodies are the general meetings of shareholders and our board of directors.

Description of Authorized and Issued Share Capital

Our authorized and issued share capital, as of the date of this prospectus, is as follows

 

      Authorized      Issued  

Class of Shares

   Number      Nominal Amount      Number      Nominal Amount  

Class A shares

     153,900,000        0.0005         36,400,000        0.0005   

Class B shares

     76,950,000       0.0005         15,600,000        0.0005   

History of Our Share Capital

We were incorporated on February 26, 2007 with the authorized and issued share capital of CYP15,000 divided into 15,000 ordinary shares of CYP1 each.

On January 1, 2008, by a special resolution of our shareholders, the then existing authorized and issued share capital was converted into €25,650 divided into 15,000 ordinary shares of €1.71 each of authorized capital and into €25,650 divided into 15,000 ordinary shares of €1.71 each of issued share capital.

On August 22, 2012, by a special resolution of our shareholders, our then existing authorized and issued share capital was each subdivided into 51,300,000 ordinary shares of €0.0005 each. By the same resolution the shareholders resolved to increase the authorized share capital up to €76,950 divided into 153,900,000 ordinary shares of €0.0005 each.

On December 11, 2012 the Company increased its issued share capital by a way of issuance of 700,000 ordinary shares with a par value of €0,0005 per share proportionally to all of its shareholders at nominal value, so as to increase its share capital amounts to €26.000, after issuance divided into 52,000,000 ordinary shares with a par value of €0,0005 per share.

 

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On December 31, 2012, resolutions were passed to convert our authorized share capital of 153,900,000 ordinary shares into 52,000,000 class B shares of €0.0005 each and 101,900,000 class A shares of €0.0005 each (whereby our entire issued share capital of 52,000,000 ordinary shares was converted into 52,000,000 class B shares), and to increase our authorized share capital by €38,475 by creating 61,350,000 class B shares and 15,600,000 class A shares, with our authorized share capital thus amounting to 117,500,000 class A shares of €0.0005 each and 113,350,000 class B shares of €0.0005 each.

Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association

Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association contain, among others, the following provisions:

Objects

Our objects are set forth in full in Regulation 3 of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.

Shareholders’ General Meetings

Share Capital

Our share capital is divided into two classes of shares: class A shares, each of which carries ten votes at shareholders’ general meetings, and class B shares, each of which carries one vote.

Convening Shareholders’ Meetings

The shareholders’ general meeting is our supreme governing body. An annual general meeting must be held not more than 15 months after the prior annual general meeting, with at least one annual general meeting held in each calendar year.

Our board of directors, at its discretion, may convene an extraordinary general meeting. Extraordinary general meetings must also be convened by the board of directors at the request of shareholders holding in aggregate at the date of the deposit of the requisition either (a) not less than 10% of our outstanding share capital or (b) not less than 10% of the voting rights attached to our issued shares, or, in case the board of directors fails to do so within twenty one days from the date of the deposit of the requisition notice, by such requisitioning shareholders, or any of them representing more than one half of the total voting rights of all of them, but any meeting so convened by the shareholders themselves may not be held after the expiration of three months from the date that is twenty-one days from the date of the deposit of the requisition notice.

The annual general meeting and a shareholders’ general meeting called for a matter for which Cypriot law requires a special resolution, which means a resolution passed by a majority of not less than 75% of the voting rights attached to our issued shares present and voting at a duly convened and quorate general meeting, must be called with no less than 45 days’ written notice or such longer notice as is required by the Companies Law (not counting the day in which it was dispatched and the date in which it was received). Other shareholders’ general meetings must be called by no less than 30 days’ written notice. A notice convening a shareholders’ general meeting must be sent to each of the shareholders, provided that the accidental failure to give notice of a meeting to, or the non-receipt of notice of a meeting by, any person entitled to receive notice will invalidate the proceedings at that meeting to which such notice refers in the event that a shareholder holding not less than 5% of our outstanding share capital is not in attendance at that general meeting as a result of the accidental failure to give notice or non-receipt thereof. All shareholders are entitled to attend the shareholders’ general meeting or be represented by a proxy authorized in writing.

The agenda of the shareholders’ general meeting is determined by our board of directors or by whoever else is calling the meeting. The quorum for a shareholders’ general meeting will consist of shareholders representing 50.01% of the voting rights attached to our issued shares present in person or by proxy.

 

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Voting

Matters determined at shareholders’ general meetings require an ordinary resolution, which requires a simple majority of the votes cast at any particular general meeting duly convened and quorate, unless our articles of association and the Companies Law specify differently. It is within the powers of the shareholders to have a resolution executed in writing by all shareholders and in such event no meeting needs to take place or notice to be given.

Reserved Matters

Our articles of association provide for special majorities for resolutions concerning, among other things, the following matters (for so long as class A shares are in issue and outstanding): (i) any variance to the rights attached to any class of shares requires approval of the holders of 75% of the shares of the affected class as well as a special resolution of the general meeting; and (ii) approval of the total number of shares and classes of shares to be reserved for issuance under any of our or our subsidiaries’ employee stock option plan or any other equity-based incentive compensation program requires approval of a majority of not less than 75% of the voting rights attached to all issued shares present and voting at a duly convened and quorate general meeting.

Voting Agreement

On                      2013, our class A shareholders entered into a voting agreement to provide for certain matters with respect to our board of directors. The class A shareholders have agreed to vote their class A shares to ensure that, for so long as the class A shareholders own, in the aggregate, class A shares representing at least                      of the voting power in our company:

 

   

to ensure that no director who is a director of our company as of the effective date of this registration statement is removed from the board of directors other than for cause as determined under our articles of association; and

 

   

to procure, to the extent that they can, that the chairman of our board of directors as of the effective date of the registration statement is not removed from office unless the chairman is concurrently removed from our board of directors for cause as determined under our articles of association.

The voting agreement will expire in accordance with its terms upon the first meeting of our shareholders in 2014 at which the board of directors will be re-elected or upon the class A shareholders ceasing to own, in the aggregate, class A shares representing at least                      of the voting power in our company.

Board of Directors

Appointment of Directors

Our articles of association provide that we may have up to twelve directors, including up to three independent directors. We refer to all directors that are not independent directors as elected directors. As a foreign private issuer, we have elected to follow Cyprus corporate governance practices, which, unlike the applicable Nasdaq requirements for domestic issuers, do not require the majority of directors to be independent.

Any shareholder or group of shareholders is entitled to nominate one or more individuals for election (or re-election) to our board of directors not less than 30 days prior to any general meeting at which all the elected directors are scheduled to be appointed.

Except as set out below, the elected directors are appointed by shareholder weighted voting, under which each shareholder has the right to cast among one or more nominees as many votes as the voting rights attached to its shares multiplied by a number equal to the number of elected directors to be appointed. As long as each of our class A shareholders, including our founding shareholders as well as Mail.ru, and Mitsui, alone, continues to hold 10.01% of the voting rights attached to our issued shares as of the date of this prospectus, under the shareholder weighted voting set out in our articles of association for appointment of the board it effectively will have the right to appoint at least one director to serve on our board of directors. Elected directors are appointed as

 

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follows: (1) initially – until the first annual general meeting after December 31, 2013; (2) all the elected directors shall retire from office at each annual general meeting in every subsequent year following December 31, 2013; (3) all retiring elected directors shall be eligible for re-election; and (4) the vacated position may be filled at the meeting at which the elected directors retire by electing another individual nominated to the office of elected director by any shareholder or group of shareholders by serving a notice at least 30 days prior to such general meeting, and in default the retiring elected director shall, if offering himself for re-election, be deemed to have been re-elected, unless at such meeting it is expressly resolved not to fill such vacated position or unless a resolution for the re-election of such elected director shall have been put to the meeting and not adopted. The independent directors are nominated by the board, a shareholder or group of shareholders. Other than the two independent directors to be appointed in connection with this offering (one by unanimous vote of the elected directors present and voting at a board meeting and the other by a vote of 90% of the elected directors present and voting at a board meeting), all independent directors will be appointed by shareholder weighted voting in the same manner as voting for elected directors. The independent directors will be appointed as follows: (1) initially – until the first annual general meeting after December 31, 2013; (2) all the independent directors shall retire from office at each annual general meeting in every subsequent year following December 31, 2013; (3) all retiring independent directors shall be eligible for re-election; and (4) the vacated position may be filled at the meeting at which the independent directors retire by electing another individual nominated by any of the board, a shareholder or a group of shareholders, and in default the retiring independent director shall, if offering himself for re-election and if he has been so nominated by the board, be deemed to have been re-elected, unless at such meeting it is expressly resolved not to fill such vacated position or unless a resolution for the re-election of such independent director shall have been put to the meeting and not adopted.

In the event that the entire board of directors is terminated by a shareholder or a group of shareholders representing at least 10.01% of the voting rights attached to our issued shares, the remaining directors will remain in office only to summon a general meeting for purposes of (1) terminating the entire board pursuant to a request of the requesting members and (2) appointing new elected directors, and new independent directors. If, for any reason, the number of directors falls below the number fixed by the articles of association as the necessary quorum for board meetings and the vacant positions are not filled as per the above procedure within 21 days, the remaining board may remain in office only to convene a general meeting, at which all directors must retire and new directors will be appointed as provided above.

Our board of directors can elect a chairman by an absolute majority of votes of all the directors provided that an affirmative vote of at least one independent director is received (for so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding).

Removal of Directors

Under Cyprus law, notwithstanding any provision in our articles of association, a director may be removed by an ordinary resolution of the general shareholders’ meeting, which must be convened with at least 28 days’ notice (under our articles of association at least thirty days’ notice is required). A director may be removed from office automatically if, among other things, the director (a) becomes bankrupt or makes any arrangement or composition with his or her creditors generally; or (b) becomes permanently incapable of performing his or her duties due to mental or physical illness or due to his or her death. If our board of directors exercises its right to appoint a director to fill in a vacancy on the board created during the term of a director’s appointment as provided in our articles of association, shareholders holding 10.01% of the voting rights attached to our issued shares may terminate the appointment of the entire board of directors. See also “—Appointment of Directors.”

Powers of the Board of Directors

Our board of directors has been granted authority to manage our business affairs and has the authority to decide, among other things, on the following:

 

  (a) approval of strategy, annual budget and business plan for the group;

 

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  (b) approval of certain transactions, including material transactions (as defined in our articles of association), borrowings as well as transactions involving sale or disposition of any interest in any group company (other than QIWI plc) or all or substantially all of the assets of any group company;

 

  (c) any group company’s exit from or closing of a business or business segment, or a down-sizing, reduction in force or streamlining of any operation over certain thresholds as set out in our articles of association;

 

  (d) any merger, consolidation, amalgamation, conversion, reorganization, scheme of arrangement, dissolution or liquidation involving any group company (other than ourselves);

 

  (e) entry into any agreement or transaction with a related party except for: (1) transactions in the ordinary course of business (as defined in our articles of association) on an arm’s length basis, (2) intra-group transactions, (3) transactions at a price less than U.S.$50,000 (if the price can be determined at the time the transaction is entered into);

 

  (f) issuance and allotment of shares by us for consideration other than cash; and

 

  (g) adoption of any employee stock option plan or any other equity-based incentive compensation program for our group (subject to a general meeting approving the total number of shares and classes of shares to be reserved for issuance under any such program).

Proceedings of the Board of Directors

Our board of directors meets at such times and in such manner as the directors determine to be necessary or desirable. Meetings are held in Cyprus. For as long as any class A shares are issued and outstanding, the quorum necessary for a meeting of our board of directors to be validly convened is a simple majority of the total number of the elected directors and the then existing independent directors.

A resolution at a duly constituted meeting of our board of directors is approved by an absolute majority of votes of all the directors unless a higher majority and/or affirmative vote of any independent directors is required on a particular matter. The chairman does not have a second or casting vote in case of a tie. A resolution consented to in writing will be as valid as if it had been passed at a meeting of our board of directors when signed by all the directors. A resolution consented to in writing must be approved and executed by all the directors.

Chief Executive Officer

Our board of directors may by an absolute majority of votes of all the directors appoint a director to be our chief executive officer to be in charge and responsible for all day-to-day affairs of our group. Our chief executive officer is to be appointed for such period and on such terms as our board of directors thinks fit, and, subject to the terms of any agreement entered into in any particular case, his appointment may be terminated by our board of directors at any time. The term of appointment for our chief executive officer appointed at the time of this offering shall be until the first meeting of the new board appointed after December 31, 2013. Any subsequent term of appointment shall be for a period from the date of his appointment until the first meeting of the board on the second year after the date of his appointment.

Rights Attaching to Shares

Voting rights. Each class A share has the right to ten votes at a meeting of our shareholders; and each class B share has the right to one vote at a meeting of our shareholders.

Issue of shares and pre-emptive rights. Subject to the Companies Law and our articles of association, already authorized but not yet issued shares are at the disposal of our board of directors, which may allot or otherwise dispose of any unissued shares as it may decide. All new shares and/or other securities giving right to

 

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the purchase of our shares or which are convertible into our shares must be offered before their issue to our shareholders on a pro-rata basis. If the new securities are of the same class as existing shares, the offer must first be made on a pro rata basis to the shareholders of the relevant class and, if any such new securities are not taken up by those shareholders, an offer to purchase the excess will be made to all other shareholders on a pro rata basis (provided that such pre-emption rights have not been disapplied). Our shareholders have authorized the disapplication of the right of pre-emption set out above for a period of five years from the date of this offering in connection with the issue of any additional class B shares, including in the form of ADSs.

Conversion. At the irrevocable request of any class A shareholder, all or part of the class A shares held by such shareholder will convert into class B shares, on the basis that each class A share shall convert into one class B share, and the class B shares resulting from such conversion shall rank pari passu in all respects with the existing class B shares in issue.

In addition, class A shares will be automatically converted into class B shares, on a one-to-one basis, in the following circumstances: (1) all class A shares which are transferred by the holder, except in circumstances permitted under our articles of association, shall, immediately upon such transfer, be automatically converted into class B shares; (2) all class A shares held by a shareholder will be automatically converted into class B shares on the occurrence of a change of control (as defined in our articles of association) of the class A shareholder; and (3) all class A shares will be automatically converted into class B shares in the event that the aggregate number of class A shares constitute less than 10% of the aggregate number of class A and class B shares outstanding.

Class A shares will not convert into class B shares where: (1) the transfer is to one or more of the transferor’s wholly-owned affiliates; (2) it is approved in writing by the shareholders holding in aggregate at least 75% of the total number of class A shares in issue; or (3) the shareholder (or a group of shareholders) transferring class A shares has (or have) offered such shares to the other then existing shareholders holding class A shares, and the respective transfer is permitted; if, in the case of (2) and (3), 10% or more of the total number of class A shares in issue are transferred.

Dividends. Subject to the special voting rights of the class A shares, a shareholders’ general meeting may declare dividends, but no dividend will be paid except out of our profits. Our board of directors may set aside out of our profits such sums as it thinks proper as a reserve. The board of directors may also, without establishing a reserve, carry forward to the next year any profits it may think prudent not to distribute as a dividend. The class A shares and the class B shares have the right to an equal share in any dividend or other distribution we pay. Although we have regularly paid dividends in the past we do not currently have any plan to pay cash dividends on our class B shares in the foreseeable future. See also “Dividend Policy.”

Winding Up. If our company is wound up, the liquidator may, upon a special resolution and any other procedure prescribed by the Companies Law, (i) divide all or part of our assets among the shareholders; and (ii) vest the whole or any part of such assets in trustees for the benefit of the contributories as the liquidator shall think fit, but so that no shareholder is compelled to accept any shares or other securities with any attached liability.

Form and transfer of shares. The instrument of transfer of any share must be executed by or on behalf of the transferor and the transferee, and the transferor will be deemed to be the holder of the share until the name of the transferee is entered into the register of shareholders. Except as set out above and in our articles of association, shareholders are entitled to transfer all or any of their shares by instrument of transfer in any usual or common form or in any other form, including electronic form, which the directors may approve.

Relevant Provisions of Cypriot law

The liability of our shareholders is limited. Under the Companies Law, a shareholder of a company is not personally liable for the acts of the company, except that a shareholder may become personally liable by reason of his or her own acts.

 

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As of the date of this prospectus, Cypriot law does not contain any requirement for a mandatory offer to be made by a person acquiring shares or depositary receipts of a Cypriot company even if such an acquisition confers on such person control over us if neither the shares nor depositary receipts are listed on a regulated market in the EEA. Neither our shares nor depositary receipts are listed on a regulated market in the EEA.

The Companies Law contains provisions in respect of squeeze-out rights. The effect of these provisions is that, where a company makes a takeover bid for all the shares or for the whole of any class of shares of another company, and the offer is accepted by the holders of 90% of the shares concerned, the offeror can upon the same terms acquire the shares of shareholders who have not accepted the offer, unless such persons can persuade the Cypriot courts not to permit the acquisition. If the offeror company already holds more than 10%, in value of the shares concerned, additional requirements need to be met before the minority can be squeezed out. If the company making the takeover bid acquires sufficient shares to aggregate, together with those which it already holds, more than 90%, then, within one month of the date of the transfer which gives the 90%, it must give notice of the fact to the remaining shareholders and such shareholders may, within three months of the notice, require the bidder to acquire their shares and the bidder shall be bound to do so upon the same terms as in the offer or as may be agreed between them or upon such terms as the court may order.

Material Differences in Cyprus Law and our Amended and Restated Articles of Association and Delaware Law

Our corporate affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association and the provisions of applicable Cyprus law, including the Companies Law and common law. The Companies Law differs from laws applicable to U.S. corporations and their shareholders. The following table provides a comparison between certain statutory provisions of the Companies Law (together with the provisions of our articles of association) and the Delaware General Corporation Law relating to shareholders’ rights.

 

Cyprus

  

Delaware

Shareholder Meetings

May be held at such time or place as specified in the relevant notice given in accordance with the Companies Law and articles of association by the board of directors if a general meeting is called by the board or by shareholders if called by such shareholders in accordance with the Companies Law.    Annual shareholder meetings are typically held at such time or place as designated in the certificate of incorporation or the bylaws. A special meeting of shareholders may be called by the board of directors or by any other person authorized in the certificate of incorporation or bylaws.
May be held in or outside Cyprus.    May be held inside or outside Delaware.
Whenever shareholders are required to take any action at a meeting, a written notice of the meeting shall be given which shall state the place, if any, date and hour of the meeting, and the means of remote communication, if any.    Whenever shareholders are required to take any action at a meeting, a written notice of the meeting shall be given which shall state the place, if any, date and hour of the meeting, and the means of remote communication, if any.

 

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Shareholder’s Voting Rights

Any person authorized to vote at a general meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for him by proxy.    Any person authorized to vote may authorize another person or persons to act for him by proxy.
The articles of association shall specify the number of the shareholders to constitute a quorum. Further to the Companies Law, three members personally present shall be a quorum unless the articles of association of the company do not make other provision to this effect. Further to our articles of association the quorum shall be 50.01% of the voting rights attached to our issued shares present and voting in person or by proxy at a duly convened general meeting.    The certificate of incorporation or bylaws may specify the number to constitute a quorum, but in no event shall a quorum consist of less than one third of the shares entitled to vote at the meeting. In the absence of such specification, the majority of the shares entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of shareholders.

When the share capital is divided into different classes of shares separate voting takes place

for each class of shares the rights of which are effected by the change. In accordance with the Companies Law, the decision is passed by a majority of two thirds of the votes corresponding either to the represented securities or to the represented issued share capital if less than half of the issued share capital is represented and a simple majority of at least half of the issued share capital is represented. Under our articles of association, the decision is passed by a resolution of seventy five per cent vote of the holders of the shares of the relevant class, with the sanction of a special resolution of a general meeting of our shareholders.

   Generally, a certificate of incorporation may be amended by the approval of shareholders holding a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the amendment. Shareholders generally have the right to amend the corporation’s bylaws, but the certificate of incorporation may instead confer this right on the directors of the corporation. Except as provided in the certificate of incorporation, changes in the rights of shareholders as set forth in the certificate of incorporation require approval of a majority of its shareholders.
The articles of association may provide for cumulative voting.    Cumulative voting is not permitted unless explicitly allowed in the certificate of incorporation.

 

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Directors

Under the Companies Law the board must consist of at least two members.

 

  

Board must consist of at least one member.

 

Under the articles of association, the board shall consist of up to twelve directors. A change in the number of directors shall be determined by the general meeting of the shareholders.    Number of board members shall be fixed by the bylaws, unless the certificate of incorporation fixes the number of directors, in which case a change in the number shall be made only by amendment of the certificate of incorporation.
Under the Companies Law, directors can be appointed by either the general meeting of shareholders or board of directors. Our articles of association provide for a specific procedure of electing directors.    Unless otherwise specified in the certificate of incorporation or bylaws, directors are elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares entitled to vote on the election of directors.
Under the Companies Law, directors can be removed by an ordinary resolution of the general meeting of shareholders. In addition, our articles of association provide that if the board of directors exercises its right to appoint a director to fill a vacancy on the board, members representing 10.01% of the voting rights attached to our issued shares may, subject to following a specific procedure, terminate the appointment of the board.    Barring certain exceptions, any director or the entire board of directors may be removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority, or in some cases the supermajority, of the shares entitled to vote at an election of directors.
As a foreign private issuer, we have elected to follow Cyprus corporate governance practices, which, unlike the applicable Nasdaq requirements for domestic issuers, do not require the majority of directors to be independent. Under the Companies Law, directors do not have to be independent. Further to the articles of association, the Board shall contain up to 3 independent directors.    Directors do not have to be independent.

 

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Fiduciary Duties

Directors and officers must act in good faith, with the care of a prudent person, and in the best interest of the company.    Directors have a duty of care and a duty of loyalty to the corporation and its shareholders. The duty of care requires that a director act in good faith, with the care of a prudent person, and in the best interest of the corporation. The duty of loyalty requires that a director act in a manner he reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation.

Directors and officers must refrain from self-dealing, usurping corporate opportunities and receiving improper personal benefits.

 

  

Directors and officers must refrain from self-dealing, usurping corporate opportunities and receiving improper personal benefits, and ensure that the best interest of the corporation and its shareholders take precedence over any interest possessed by a director or officer and not shared by the shareholders generally. Contracts or transactions in which one or more of the corporation’s directors has an interest are allowed assuming (a) the shareholders or the board of directors must approve in good faith any such contract or transaction after full disclosure of the material facts or (b) the contract or transaction must have been “fair” as to the corporation at the time it was approved.

Under the Companies Law, the directors have to declare the nature of their interest (either direct or indirect) in transactions at a meeting of the directors of the company. Under our articles of association, directors may not vote on a matter in which they have an interest even if the director has disclosed any interests in the transaction.    Directors may vote on a matter in which they have an interest so long as the director has disclosed any interests in the transaction

Actions by Written Consent

A unanimous written resolution of all directors will be as valid as if it had been passed at a duly convened meeting of the board of directors.

 

A unanimous written resolution of all shareholders will be as valid as if it had been passed at a duly convened general meeting.

  

A written consent of the directors must be unanimous to take effect

 

Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, any action to be taken at any shareholder meeting may be taken by written consent of the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to take that action at a meeting at which all shareholders entitled to vote were present and voted.

 

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Business Combinations

Dissolution of the company, assuming it is solvent, requires a resolution of the board of directors and a special resolution of the general meeting.

 

Sale, lease or exchange of assets require a resolution of the board of directors.

 

Completion of a merger or consolidation requires a resolution of the board of directors and a special resolution of the general meeting.

 

Depending on the form of a relevant combination it requires a board of directors’ resolution at which the directors related to interested shareholders have no right to vote and/or a special resolution of the general meeting at which the interested shareholders would not be precluded from voting.

  

Completion of a merger, consolidation, or the sale, lease or exchange of substantially all of a corporation’s assets or dissolution requires approval by the board of directors and by a majority (unless the certificate of incorporation requires a higher percentage) of outstanding stock of the corporation entitled to vote.

 

Business combinations with interested shareholders require a special shareholder vote.

Shareholder’s Derivative Actions

In any derivative suit instituted by a shareholder of a corporation, it shall be averred in the complaint that the plaintiff was a shareholder of the corporation at the time of the transaction of which he complains or that such shareholder’s stock thereafter devolved upon such shareholder by operation of law.   

A shareholder may bring a derivative action on behalf of the corporation to enforce the rights of the corporation. In any derivative suit instituted by a shareholder of a corporation, it shall be averred in the complaint that the plaintiff was a shareholder of the corporation at the time of the transaction of which he complains or that such shareholder’s stock thereafter devolved upon such shareholder by operation of law.

 

The complaint shall set forth with particularity the efforts of the plaintiff to obtain the action by the board or the reasons for not making such effort.

 

Such action shall not be dismissed or compromised without the approval of the Chancery Court.

 

If we were a Delaware corporation, a shareholder whose shares were cancelled in connection with our dissolution, would not be able to bring a derivative action against us after the class B shares have been cancelled.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES

American Depositary Shares

The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary, will register and deliver American Depositary Shares, or ADSs. Each ADS will represent                      class B shares (or a right to receive                      class B shares) deposited with the principal London office of The Bank of New York Mellon, as custodian for the depositary. Each ADS will also represent any other securities, cash or other property which may be held by the depositary. The depositary’s corporate trust office at which the ADSs will be administered is located at 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286. The depository’s principal executive office is located at One Wall Street, New York, New York 10286.

You may hold ADSs either (A) directly (i) by having an American Depositary Receipt, or ADR, which is a certificate evidencing a specific number of ADSs, registered in your name, or (ii) by having ADSs registered in your name in the Direct Registration System, or (B) indirectly by holding a security entitlement in ADSs through your broker or other financial institution. If you hold ADSs directly, you are a registered ADS holder, also referred to as an ADS holder. This description assumes you are an ADS holder. If you hold the ADSs indirectly, you must rely on the procedures of your broker or other financial institution to assert the rights of ADS holders described in this section. You should consult with your broker or financial institution to find out what those procedures are.

The Direct Registration System, or DRS, is a system administered by The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, pursuant to which the depositary may register the ownership of uncertificated ADSs, which ownership is confirmed by periodic statements sent by the depositary to the registered holders of uncertificated ADSs.

As an ADS holder, we will not treat you as one of our shareholders and you will not have shareholder rights. Cyprus law governs shareholder rights. The depositary will be the holder of class B shares underlying your ADSs. As a registered holder of ADSs, you will have ADS holder rights. A deposit agreement among us, the depositary and you, as an ADS holder, and all other persons indirectly holding ADSs sets out ADS holder rights as well as the rights and obligations of the depositary. New York law governs the deposit agreement and the ADSs.

The following is a summary of the material provisions of the deposit agreement. For more complete information, you should read the entire deposit agreement which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, and the form of ADR, attached thereto. Directions on how to obtain copies of those documents are provided on page “Where You Can Find More Information.”

Dividends and Other Distributions

How will you receive dividends and other distributions on class B shares?

The depositary has agreed to pay to ADS holders the cash dividends or other distributions it or the custodian receives on class B shares or other deposited securities, after deducting its fees and expenses. You will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of class B shares your ADSs represent.

 

   

Cash. The depositary will convert any cash dividend or other cash distribution we pay on the class B shares underlying the ADSs into U.S. dollars, if it can do so on a reasonable basis and can transfer the U.S. dollars to the United States. If that is not possible or if any government approval is needed and cannot be obtained, the deposit agreement allows the depositary to distribute the foreign currency only to those ADS holders to whom it is possible to do so. It will hold the foreign currency it cannot convert for the account of the ADS holders who have not been paid. It will not invest the foreign currency and it will not be liable for any interest.

Before making a distribution, any withholding taxes, or other governmental charges that must be paid will be deducted. See “Taxation”. It will distribute only whole U.S. dollars and cents and will round fractional

 

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cents to the nearest whole cent. If the exchange rates fluctuate during a time when the depositary cannot convert the foreign currency, you may lose some or all of the value of the distribution.

 

   

Distribution of Class B Shares. The depositary may distribute additional ADSs representing any class B shares we distribute as a dividend or free distribution. The depositary will only distribute whole ADSs. It will try to sell class B shares which would require it to deliver a fractional ADS and distribute the net proceeds in the same way as it does with cash. If the depositary does not distribute additional ADSs, the outstanding ADSs will also represent the new class B shares. The depositary may sell a portion of the distributed class B shares sufficient to pay its fees and expenses in connection with that distribution.

 

   

Rights to Purchase Additional Class B Shares. If we offer holders of our securities any rights to subscribe for additional shares or any other rights, the depositary may make these rights available to ADS holders. If the depositary decides it is not legal and practical to make the rights available but that it is practical to sell the rights, the depositary will use reasonable efforts to sell the rights and distribute the proceeds in the same way as it does with cash. The depositary will allow rights that are not distributed or sold to lapse. In that case, you will receive no value for them.

If the depositary makes rights available to ADS holders, it will exercise the rights and purchase the shares on your behalf. The depositary will then deposit the class B shares and deliver ADSs to the persons entitled to them. It will only exercise rights if you pay it the exercise price and any other charges the rights require you to pay.

U.S. securities laws may restrict transfers and cancellation of the ADSs represented by class B shares purchased upon exercise of rights. For example, you may not be able to trade these ADSs freely in the United States. In this case, the depositary may deliver restricted depositary shares that have the same terms as the ADSs described in this section except for changes needed to put the necessary restrictions in place.

 

   

Other Distributions. The depositary will send to ADS holders anything else we distribute on deposited securities by any means it thinks is legal, fair and practical. If it cannot make the distribution in that way, the depositary has a choice. It may decide to sell what we distributed and distribute the net proceeds, in the same way as it does with cash. Or, it may decide to hold what we distributed, in which case ADSs will also represent the newly distributed property. However, the depositary is not required to distribute any securities (other than ADSs) to ADS holders unless it receives satisfactory evidence from us that it is legal to make that distribution. The depositary may sell a portion of the distributed securities or property sufficient to pay its fees and expenses in connection with that distribution.

The depositary is not responsible if it decides that it is unlawful or impractical to make a distribution available to any ADS holders. We have no obligation to register ADSs, shares, rights or other securities under the Securities Act. We also have no obligation to take any other action to permit the distribution of ADSs, class B shares, rights or anything else to ADS holders. This means that you may not receive the distributions we make on our class B shares or any value for them if it is illegal or impractical for us to make them available to you.

Deposit, Withdrawal and Cancellation

How are ADSs issued?

The depositary will deliver ADSs if you or your broker deposit class B shares or evidence of rights to receive class B shares with the custodian. Upon payment of its fees and expenses and of any taxes or charges, such as stamp taxes or stock transfer taxes or fees, the depositary will register the appropriate number of ADSs in the names you request and will deliver the ADSs to or upon the order of the person or persons that made the deposit.

How can ADS holders withdraw the deposited securities?

You may surrender your ADSs at the depositary’s corporate trust office. Upon payment of its fees and expenses and of any taxes or charges, such as stamp taxes or stock transfer taxes or fees, the depositary will

 

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deliver the class B shares and any other deposited securities underlying the ADSs to the ADS holder or a person the ADS holder designates at the office of the custodian. Or, at your request, risk and expense, the depositary will deliver the deposited securities at its corporate trust office, if feasible.

How do ADS holders interchange between certificated ADSs and uncertificated ADSs?

You may surrender your ADR to the depositary for the purpose of exchanging your ADR for uncertificated ADSs. The depositary will cancel that ADR and will send to the ADS holder a statement confirming that the ADS holder is the registered holder of uncertificated ADSs. Alternatively, upon receipt by the depositary of a proper instruction from a registered holder of uncertificated ADSs requesting the exchange of uncertificated ADSs for certificated ADSs, the depositary will execute and deliver to the ADS holder an ADR evidencing those ADSs.

Voting Rights

How do you vote?

ADS holders may instruct the depositary to vote the number of deposited class B shares their ADSs represent. The depositary will notify ADS holders of shareholders’ meetings and arrange to deliver our voting materials to them if we ask it to. Those materials will describe the matters to be voted on and explain how ADS holders must instruct the depositary how to vote. For instructions to be valid, they must reach the depositary by a date set by the depositary.

Otherwise, you would not be able to exercise your right to vote unless you withdraw class B shares. However, you may not know about the meeting enough in advance to withdraw class B shares.

The depositary will try, as far as practical, subject to the laws of Cyprus and of our articles of association or similar documents, to vote or to have its agents vote class B shares or other deposited securities as instructed by ADS holders. The depositary will only vote or attempt to vote as instructed.

We cannot assure you that you will receive the voting materials in time to ensure that you can instruct the depositary to vote your class B shares. In addition, the depositary and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for the manner of carrying out voting instructions. This means that you may not be able to exercise your right to vote and there may be nothing you can do if your shares are not voted as you requested.

In order to give you a reasonable opportunity to instruct the Depositary as to the exercise of voting rights relating to Deposited Securities, if we request the Depositary to act, we agree to give the Depositary notice of any such meeting and details concerning the matters to be voted upon at least 30 days in advance of the meeting date.

Fees and Expenses

 

Persons depositing or withdrawing class B shares or ADS holders
must pay:
   For:

U.S.$5.00 (or less) per 100 ADSs (or portion of 100 ADSs)

  

•     Issuance of ADSs, including issuances resulting from a distribution of class B shares or rights or other property

 

•     Cancellation of ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal, including if the deposit agreement terminates

U.S.$0.05 (or less) per ADS

  

•     Any cash distribution to ADS holders

 

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A fee equivalent to the fee that would be payable if securities distributed to you had been class B shares and the class B shares had been deposited for issuance of ADSs   

•     Distribution of securities distributed to holders of deposited securities which are distributed by the depositary to ADS holders

U.S.$0.05 (or less) per ADSs per calendar year

  

•     Depositary services

Registration or transfer fees

  

•     Transfer and registration of class B shares on our share register to or from the name of the depositary or its agent when you deposit or withdraw class B shares

Expenses of the depositary

  

•     Cable, telex and facsimile transmissions (when expressly provided in the deposit agreement)

 

•     converting foreign currency to U.S. dollars

Taxes and other governmental charges the depositary or the custodian have to pay on any ADS or share underlying an ADS, for example, stock transfer taxes, stamp duty or withholding taxes   

•     As necessary

Any charges incurred by the depositary or its agents for servicing the deposited securities   

•     As necessary

The depositary collects its fees for delivery and surrender of ADSs directly from investors depositing class B shares or surrendering ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal or from intermediaries acting for them. The depositary collects fees for making distributions to investors by deducting those fees from the amounts distributed or by selling a portion of distributable property to pay the fees. The depositary may collect its annual fee for depositary services by deduction from cash distributions or by directly billing investors or by charging the book-entry system accounts of participants acting for them. The depositary may generally refuse to provide fee-based services until its fees for these services are paid.

From time to time, the depositary may make payments to us to reimburse and/or class B share revenue from the fees collected from ADS holders, or waive fees and expenses for services provided, generally relating to costs and expenses arising out of establishment and maintenance of the ADS program. In performing its duties under the deposit agreement, the depositary may use brokers, dealers or other service providers that are affiliates of the depositary and that may earn or share fees or commissions.

Payment of Taxes

You will be responsible for any taxes or other governmental charges payable on your ADSs or on the deposited securities represented by any of your ADSs. The depositary may refuse to register any transfer of your ADSs or allow you to withdraw the deposited securities represented by your ADSs until such taxes or other charges are paid. It may apply payments owed to you or sell deposited securities represented by your ADSs to pay any taxes owed and you will remain liable for any deficiency. If the depositary sells deposited securities, it will, if appropriate, reduce the number of ADSs to reflect the sale and pay to ADS holders any proceeds, or send to ADS holders any property, remaining after it has paid the taxes.

 

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Reclassifications, Recapitalizations and Mergers

 

If we:    Then:

•     Change the nominal or par value of our class B shares

   The cash, class B shares or other securities received by the depositary will become deposited securities. Each ADS will automatically represent its equal share of the new deposited securities.

•     Reclassify, split up or consolidate any of the deposited securities

   The depositary may distribute some or all of the cash, class B shares or other securities it received. It may also deliver new ADRs or ask you to surrender your outstanding ADRs in exchange for new ADRs identifying the new deposited securities.

•     Distribute securities on class B shares that are not distributed to you

  

•     Recapitalize, reorganize, merge, liquidate, sell all or substantially all of our assets, or take any similar action

  

Amendment and Termination

How may the deposit agreement be amended?

We may agree with the depositary to amend the deposit agreement and the ADRs without your consent for any reason. If an amendment adds or increases fees or charges, except for taxes and other governmental charges or expenses of the depositary for registration fees, facsimile costs, delivery charges or similar items, or prejudices a substantial right of ADS holders, it will not become effective for outstanding ADSs until 30 days after the depositary notifies ADS holders of the amendment. At the time an amendment becomes effective, you are considered, by continuing to hold your ADSs, to agree to the amendment and to be bound by the ADRs and the deposit agreement as amended.

How may the deposit agreement be terminated?

The depositary will terminate the deposit agreement at our direction by mailing notice of termination to the ADS holders then outstanding at least 30 days prior to the date fixed in such notice for such termination. The depositary may also terminate the deposit agreement by mailing notice of termination to us and the ADS holders if 60 days have passed since the depositary told us it wants to resign but a successor depositary has not been appointed and accepted its appointment.

After termination, the depositary and its agents will do the following under the deposit agreement but nothing else: collect distributions on the deposited securities, sell rights and other property, and deliver class B shares and other deposited securities upon cancellation of ADSs. Four months after termination, the depositary may sell any remaining deposited securities by public or private sale. After that, the depositary will hold the money it received on the sale, as well as any other cash it is holding under the deposit agreement for the pro rata benefit of the ADS holders that have not surrendered their ADSs. It will not invest the money and has no liability for interest. The depositary shall be discharged from all obligations under the deposit agreement, except to account for the net proceeds of such sale and other cash (after deducting fees and expenses and applicable taxes and governmental charges). The depositary’s only obligations will be to account for the money and other cash. After termination our only obligations will be to indemnify the depositary and to pay fees and expenses of the depositary that we agreed to pay.

 

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Limitations on Obligations and Liability

Limits on our Obligations and the Obligations of the Depositary; Limits on Liability to Holders of ADSs

The deposit agreement expressly limits our obligations and the obligations of the depositary. It also limits our liability and the liability of the depositary. We and the depositary:

 

   

are only obligated to take the actions specifically set forth in the deposit agreement without negligence or bad faith;

 

   

are not liable if we are or it is prevented or delayed by law or circumstances beyond our control from performing our or its obligations under the deposit agreement;

 

   

are not liable if we or it exercises discretion permitted under the deposit agreement;

 

   

are not liable for the inability of any holder of ADSs to benefit from any distribution on deposited securities that is not made available to holders of ADSs under the terms of the deposit agreement, or for any special, consequential or punitive damages for any breach of the terms of the deposit agreement;

 

   

have no obligation to become involved in a lawsuit or other proceeding related to the ADSs or the deposit agreement on your behalf or on behalf of any other person;

 

   

may rely upon any documents we believe or it believes in good faith to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper person.

In the deposit agreement, we and the depositary agree to indemnify each other under certain circumstances.

Requirements for Depositary Actions

Before the depositary will deliver or register a transfer of an ADS, make a distribution on an ADS, or permit withdrawal of class B shares, the depositary may require:

 

   

payment of stock transfer or other taxes or other governmental charges and transfer or registration fees charged by third parties for the transfer of any class B shares or other deposited securities;

 

   

satisfactory proof of the identity and genuineness of any signature or other information it deems necessary; and

 

   

compliance with regulations it may establish, from time to time, consistent with the deposit agreement, including presentation of transfer documents.

The depositary may refuse to deliver ADSs or register transfers of ADSs generally when the transfer books of the depositary or our transfer books are closed or at any time if the depositary or we think it advisable to do so.

Your Right to Receive Class B Shares Underlying your ADSs

ADS holders have the right to cancel their ADSs and withdraw the underlying class B shares at any time except:

 

   

When temporary delays arise because: (i) the depositary has closed its transfer books or we have closed our transfer books; (ii) the transfer of class B shares is blocked to permit voting at a shareholders’ meeting; or (iii) we are paying a dividend on our class B shares.

 

   

When you owe money to pay fees, taxes and similar charges.

 

   

When it is necessary to prohibit withdrawals in order to comply with any laws or governmental regulations that apply to ADSs or to the withdrawal of class B shares or other deposited securities.

This right of withdrawal may not be limited by any other provision of the deposit agreement.

 

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Pre-release of ADSs

The deposit agreement permits the depositary to deliver ADSs before deposit of the underlying class B shares. This is called a pre-release of the ADSs. The depositary may also deliver class B shares upon cancellation of pre-released ADSs (even if the ADSs are canceled before the pre-release transaction has been closed out). A pre-release is closed out as soon as the underlying class B shares are delivered to the depositary. The depositary may receive ADSs instead of class B shares to close out a pre-release. The depositary may pre-release ADSs only under the following conditions: (1) before or at the time of the pre-release, the person to whom the pre-release is being made represents to the depositary in writing that it or its customer owns class B shares or ADSs to be deposited; (2) the pre-release is fully collateralized with cash or other collateral that the depositary considers appropriate; (3) the depositary must be able to close out the pre-release on not more than five business days’ notice and (4) the pre-release is subject to such further indemnities and credit regulations as the depositary deems appropriate. In addition, the depositary will limit the number of ADSs that may be outstanding at any time as a result of pre-release, although the depositary may disregard the limit from time to time, if it thinks it is appropriate to do so.

Direct Registration System

In the deposit agreement, all parties to the deposit agreement acknowledge that the DRS and Profile Modification System, or Profile, will apply to uncertificated ADSs upon acceptance thereof to DRS by DTC. DRS is the system administered by DTC pursuant to which the depositary may register the ownership of uncertificated ADSs, which ownership will be evidenced by periodic statements sent by the depositary to the registered holders of uncertificated ADSs. Profile is a required feature of DRS that allows a DTC participant, claiming to act on behalf of a registered holder of ADSs, to direct the depositary to register a transfer of those ADSs to DTC or its nominee and to deliver those ADSs to the DTC account of that DTC participant without receipt by the depositary of prior authorization from the ADS holder to register that transfer.

In connection with and in accordance with the arrangements and procedures relating to DRS/Profile, the parties to the deposit agreement understand that the depositary will not verify, determine or otherwise ascertain that the DTC participant that is claiming to be acting on behalf of an ADS holder in requesting registration of transfer and delivery described in the paragraph above has the actual authority to act on behalf of the ADS holder (notwithstanding any requirements under the Uniform Commercial Code). In the deposit agreement, the parties agree that the depositary’s reliance on and compliance with instructions received by the depositary through the DRS/Profile System and in accordance with the deposit agreement shall not constitute negligence or bad faith on the part of the depositary.

Shareholder communications; inspection of register of holders of ADSs

The depositary will make available for your inspection at its office any reports, notices and other communications, including any proxy soliciting material that it receives from us as a holder of deposited securities that we make generally available to holders of deposited securities. The depositary will send you copies of those communications if we ask it to. You have a right to inspect the register of holders of ADSs, but not for the purpose of contacting those holders about a matter unrelated to our business or the ADSs.

 

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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

Upon completion of this offering, we will have outstanding                      ADSs representing approximately                     % of our class B shares in issue. All of the ADSs sold in this offering will be freely transferable by persons other than our “affiliates” without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act. Sales of substantial amounts of our ADSs in the public market could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our ADSs. Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our ordinary shares or the ADSs, and although we have applied to list the ADSs on                     , we cannot assure you that a regular trading market will develop in the ADSs. We do not expect that a trading market will develop for our ordinary shares not represented by the ADSs.

Lock-Up Agreements

We, each of our directors and officers, and all of our existing shareholders have agreed that we and they will not (1) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option of contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, or (in the case of the Company) file with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act relating to, any of our ordinary shares or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for ordinary shares, including ADSs, or publicly disclose the intention to make any offer, sale, pledge, disposition or filing, or (2) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the ordinary shares or any other such securities, whether any such transaction described in clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled by delivery of ordinary shares or such other securities, in cash or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the underwriters for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus, other than the ADSs to be sold in this offering and certain other exceptions. See “Underwriting.”

Rule 144

All of our ordinary shares outstanding prior to this offering are “restricted securities” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act and may be sold publicly in the United States only if they are subject to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirement such as those provided by Rule 144 and Rule 701 promulgated under the Securities Act. In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus, a person (or persons whose shares are aggregated) who at the time of a sale is not, and has not been during the three months preceding the sale, an affiliate of us and has beneficially owned our restricted securities for at least six months will be entitled to sell the restricted securities without registration under the Securities Act, subject only to the availability of current public information about us, and will be entitled to sell restricted securities beneficially owned for at least one year without restriction. Persons who are our affiliates and have beneficially owned our restricted securities for at least six months may sell within any three-month period a number of restricted securities that does not exceed the greater of the following:

 

   

1% of the number of our ordinary shares then outstanding, in the form of ADSs or otherwise, which will equal approximately              shares immediately after this offering, assuming the underwriters do not exercise their option to purchase additional shares; and

 

   

the average weekly trading volume of our ADSs on                      during the four calendar weeks preceding the date on which notice of the sale is filed with the SEC.

Sales by our affiliates under Rule 144 are also subject to certain requirements relating to manner of sale, notice and the availability of current public information about us.

Rule 701

In general, under Rule 701 under the Securities Act as currently in effect, each of our employees, consultants or advisors who purchases our ordinary shares from us in connection with a compensatory stock plan or other written agreement executed prior to the completion of this offering is eligible to resell such ordinary shares in reliance on Rule 144 under the Securities Act, but without compliance with some of the restrictions, including the holding period, contained in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. However, the Rule 701 shares would remain subject to lock-up arrangements and would only become eligible for sale when the lock-up period expires.

 

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TAXATION

The following summary of the Cypriot tax, Russian tax and United States federal income tax consequences of ownership of the ADSs is based upon laws, regulations, decrees, rulings, income tax conventions (treaties), administrative practice and judicial decisions in effect at the date of this prospectus. Legislative, judicial or administrative changes or interpretations may, however, be forthcoming that could alter or modify the statements and conclusions set forth herein. Any such changes or interpretations may be retroactive and could affect the tax consequences to holders of the ADSs. This summary does not purport to be a legal opinion or to address all tax aspects that may be relevant to a holder of the ADSs. Each prospective holder is urged to consult its own tax adviser as to the particular tax consequences to such holder of the ownership and disposition of the ADSs, including the applicability and effect of any other tax laws or tax treaties, of pending or proposed changes in applicable tax laws as of the date of this prospectus, and of any actual changes in applicable tax laws after such date.

Certain Cypriot Tax Considerations

Cyprus Economic Adjustment Program

In connection with the proposed bailout of Cyprus by Eurogroup and IMF, a comprehensive economic adjustment program is expected to be adopted in Cyprus at the request of the international lenders. It is expected, in particular, that certain adverse amendments, the exact scope of which is difficult to estimate at this time, will be introduced to the Cyprus taxation system. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Taxation—Adverse financial measures may be adopted in Cyprus in connection with its bailout.”

Tax residency

A company is considered to be a resident of Cyprus for tax purposes if its management and control are exercised in Cyprus. We anticipate being a company resident in Cyprus for tax purposes. Where, as with our company, the majority of the board of directors is comprised of tax residents of Russia, there may be increased risk that the company is not managed and controlled in Cyprus and, therefore, is not a tax resident in Cyprus. See also risk factor “Risk Factors – Risks Related to Taxation—We may be deemed to be a tax resident outside of Cyprus.”

With respect to the holders of our ADSs, such holder may be considered to be a resident of Cyprus for tax purposes in a tax year (which is the calendar year) if such holder is physically present in Cyprus for a period or periods exceeding in aggregate more than 183 days in that calendar year.

The holding and disposal of the ADSs by a non-tax resident will not create any tax liability in Cyprus. Non-tax residents are not liable for any tax on the disposal of shares or other securities of a Cyprus company unless the Cyprus company is the owner of immovable property situated in Cyprus.

Cyprus Resident Company

A company which is considered to be a resident for tax purposes in Cyprus is subject to corporate income tax in Cyprus (“Corporate Income Tax”) on its worldwide income, taking into account certain exemptions. The rate of Corporate Income Tax in Cyprus is 10.0%.

Special defense contribution (“Cypriot Defense Tax”) is levied on certain types of income of tax residents of Cyprus.

Taxation of Dividends and Distributions

Under Cyprus legislation there is no withholding tax on dividends paid to non-residents of Cyprus. The dividend will be paid free of any tax to the shareholder who will be taxed according to the laws of the country of residence or domicile of the shareholder. Holders of ADSs must consult their own tax advisors on the consequences of their domicile or residence in relation to the payment of dividends.

Tax residents of Cyprus are subject to the Cypriot Defense Tax on dividends at the rate of 20.0%. The tax is withheld by the company prior to payment by the company to the shareholder.

 

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Taxation of Capital Gains

Cyprus capital gains tax is imposed at the rate of 20.0% only on gains from the disposal of immovable property situated in Cyprus including gains from the disposal of shares in companies which own such immovable property. Shares listed on any recognised stock exchange are generally excluded from capital gains tax. It is unclear whether this exception also applies to disposal of the ADSs.

Inheritance Tax

There is no Cyprus inheritance tax.

Deemed Distributions

The Cypriot Defense Tax, at a rate of 20% would be payable by the company on deemed dividends to the extent that its shareholders (both individuals and companies) are Cyprus tax residents. A Cypriot company which does not distribute at least 70% of its after tax profits within two years of the end of the year in which the profits arose would be deemed to have distributed this amount as a dividend two years after that year end. The Cypriot Defense Tax on deemed dividend distribution would be payable by the company to the extent such profits are attributable to Cyprus tax resident shareholders (both individuals and companies). The Cypriot Defence Tax may also be payable on deemed dividends in case of liquidation or capital reduction of the company. The company will debit such Cypriot Defense Tax paid against the profits attributable to such shareholders. The amount of deemed dividend distribution (subject to the Cypriot Defense Tax) is reduced by any actual dividend paid out of the profits of the relevant year at any time up to the date of the deemed distribution. The profits to be taken into account in determining the deemed dividend do not include fair value adjustments to movable or immovable property (if any).

Imposition of such a tax on the company could have a material adverse effect on the group’s business, results of operations, financial condition or prospects and the trading price of the ADRs.

On September 13, 2011, the Commissioner of the Cyprus Inland Revenue Department (the “Commissioner”) issued Circular 2011/10 (the “Circular”), which now exempts from the remit of the Cypriot Defense Tax the profits that are imputed indirectly to non-Cyprus tax-resident shareholders of a Cyprus tax-resident company, insofar as such profits are indirectly apportioned to shareholders who are ultimately non-Cyprus residents. The Circular applies to all years which have not yet been filed or examined by the Commissioner.

Tax Position of Holders of ADSs with Respect to Distributions

There is no express provision in the law on the treatment of holders of ADSs with respect to Cypriot Defense Tax on dividends nor is there any specific guidance issued by the Cypriot tax authorities on the point. We are of the view that holders of ADSs will be subject to the same treatment as holders of shares with respect to the liability of Cypriot Defense Tax on dividends and, therefore, the provision of sections “Taxation of Dividends and Distributions” and “Deemed Distributions” above would apply equally to the holders of ADSs.

Taxation of income and gains of the company

Gains from the disposal of securities

Any gain from disposal by the company of securities (the definition of securities includes shares and bonds of companies or legal persons wherever incorporated and options thereon) shall be exempt from Corporate Income Tax irrespective of the trading nature of the gain, the number of shares held or the holding period and shall not be subject to the Cypriot Defense Tax. Such gains are also outside of the scope of capital gains tax provided that the company whose shares are disposed of does not own any immovable property situated in Cyprus or such shares are listed in any recognised stock exchange.

 

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Dividends to be received by the company

Dividend income (whether received from Cyprus resident or non-resident companies) is exempt from Corporate Income Tax in Cyprus. Dividend income from Cyprus resident companies is exempt from the Cypriot Defense Tax whereas dividend income received from non-Cypriot resident companies is exempt from the Cypriot Defense Tax provided that either (i) not more than 50.0% of the paying company’s activities result, directly or indirectly, in investment income, or (ii) the foreign tax suffered is not significantly lower than the tax rate payable in Cyprus (currently interpreted to mean an effective tax burden of at least 5.0%). If the exemption for the Cypriot Defense Tax does not apply, dividends receivable from non-Cypriot resident companies are taxed at a rate of 20.0%.

Interest income

The tax treatment of interest income of any company which is a tax resident of Cyprus will depend on whether such interest income is treated as “active” or “passive.” Interest income which consists of interest which has been derived by a company which is a tax resident of Cyprus in the ordinary course of its business, including interest which is closely connected with the ordinary course of its business will be subject to Corporate Income Tax at the rate of 10.0%, after the deduction of any allowable business expenses. Any other interest income will be subject to the Cypriot Defense Tax at the rate of 15.0% on the gross amount of interest.

Specifically, interest income arising in connection with the provision of loans to related or associated parties should be generally considered as income arising from activities closely connected with the ordinary carrying on of a business and should, as such, be exempt from Cypriot Defense Tax and only be subject to Corporate Income Tax.

Tax deductibility of expenses, including interest expense

The general principle of the Cyprus income tax law is that for an expense to be allowed as a deduction it must have been incurred wholly and exclusively for the production of income.

In accordance with a circular issued by the Cyprus tax authorities, all direct expenses relating to the income from exempt activities should be deducted from such income (i.e. disallowed for Corporate Income Tax purposes) in arriving at the income to be treated as tax exempt. All general administration expenses should be allocated to the activities of the company proportionately.

It is noted that the disposal of fixed assets or investments which generate a gain or loss of a capital nature does not constitute an activity for the purposes of apportionment of the general expenses (overheads). The holding of investments by a holding company is not treated as an activity and the specific circular should not apply. The expenses, however, which directly or indirectly relate to acquisitions/disposals of such investments should be disallowed/reduce the tax exempt income arising from the disposal.

In May 2012, the Cyprus House of Representatives enacted laws (the “Amendments”) which are effective retrospectively from January 1, 2012 (the “Effective Date”). Prior to the Amendments, the Inland Revenue Department did not treat any interest on loans received for the acquisition of shares in other companies as a tax deductible expense. Following the Amendments and subject to the below, if a Cyprus parent company incurs an interest expense on the acquisition of shares of a company that is a 100% owned subsidiary (whether directly or indirectly and irrespective of whether the subsidiary is a Cyprus or foreign company), the interest expense will now be deductible for tax purposes by the parent company subject to the following:

 

  (a) the deduction will only apply if the subsidiary does not own assets that are not used in the business; and

 

  (b) if the subsidiary holds such assets, the deductibility of interest expense will be limited to correspond to the amount of assets used in the business.

 

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This change is effective in respect of interest incurred on borrowings used for the purchase of shares purchased on or after the Effective Date.

Arm’s length principle

There are no specific transfer pricing rules, or any transfer pricing documentation requirements, in the Cyprus tax laws.

However, the arm’s length principle in the Cyprus income tax law requires that all transactions between related parties are carried out on an arm’s length basis, being at fair values and on normal commercial terms.

More specifically, under the arm’s length principle, where conditions are made or imposed upon the commercial or financial relations of two businesses which differ from those which would have been made between independent parties, any profits which would have accrued to one of the party had the two businesses been independent, but have not so accrued, may be included in the profits of that business and taxed accordingly.

Stamp duty

Cyprus levies stamp duty on an instrument if:

 

   

it relates to any property situated in Cyprus; or

 

   

it relates to any matter or thing which is performed or done in Cyprus.

There are documents which are subject to stamp duty in Cyprus at a fixed fee (ranging from €0.03 to €35) and documents which are subject to stamp duty based on the value of the document. The above obligation arises irrespective of whether the instrument is executed in Cyprus or abroad.

A liability to stamp duty may arise on acquisition of shares and such stamp duty would be payable where the shares acquisition documents are executed in Cyprus or later brought into Cyprus as the company’s shares that underly the shares may be considered to be Cypriot property.

The stamp duty rates are as follows:

 

   

for contracts with a value of €1 to €5,000, there is no stamp duty payable;

 

   

the stamp duty is €1.50 per thousand for contracts with a value from €5,001 to €170,000; and

 

   

the stamp duty is €2 per thousand for contracts with a value exceeding €170,000, with a cap of €20,000.

Any documents that do not specify values incur a stamp duty of EUR35. In cases where the stamp duty commissioner can estimate the value of a document, he or she has the authority to impose stamp duty as per the above rates.

Withholding taxes on interest

No withholding taxes shall apply in Cyprus with respect to payments of interest by the company to non-Cyprus tax resident lenders (both corporations and individuals).

There should be no withholding tax in Cyprus on interest paid by the company to Cyprus tax resident lenders when the interest is considered as interest accruing from the ordinary carrying on of their business, or interest closely connected with the ordinary carrying on of their business.

Any payment of interest which is not considered as interest accruing from the ordinary carrying on of a business or interest income closely connected with the ordinary carrying on of a business by the company to Cypriot tax resident (both corporations and individuals) lenders shall be subject to Cypriot Defense Tax at the rate of 15%, whereby the company is required to withhold such tax from the interest.

 

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Capital duty

Capital duty is payable to the Registrar of Companies in respect of the registered authorised share capital of a Cypriot company upon its incorporation and upon subsequent increases thereon.

The capital duty rates are as follows:

 

   

0.6% on the nominal value of the authorized share capital; and

 

   

€17 flat duty on every issue, whether the shares are issued at their (par) nominal value or at a (share) premium.

United States Federal Income Tax Considerations

The following discussion sets forth the U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. Holders (as defined below) of the ownership and disposition of our ADSs or ordinary shares. The discussion is not a complete analysis or listing of all of the possible tax consequences and does not address all tax considerations that may be relevant to investors in light of their particular circumstances. Special rules that are not discussed in the general descriptions below may also apply. In particular, the description of U.S. federal income tax consequences deals only with U.S. Holders that own our ADSs or ordinary shares as capital assets. In addition, the description of U.S. federal income tax consequences does not address the tax treatment of special classes of U.S. Holders, such as banks and other financial institutions, insurance companies, persons holding our ADSs or shares as part of a “straddle,” “hedge,” “appreciated financial position,” “conversion transaction” or other risk reduction strategy, U.S. expatriates, persons liable for alternative minimum tax, brokers or dealers in securities or currencies, holders whose “functional currency” is not the U.S. dollar, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, partnerships (or any entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) and other pass-through entities, traders in securities who have elected the mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities, individual retirement accounts or other tax-deferred accounts, holders who acquired shares pursuant to the exercise of an employee stock option or right or otherwise as compensation, tax-exempt entities, and investors who own directly, indirectly through certain non-U.S. entities, or constructively 10% or more of the voting power or value of our aggregate shares outstanding. The following discussion does not address any tax consequences arising under the laws of any U.S. state or local or foreign jurisdiction, or under any U.S. federal laws other than those pertaining to income tax.

The discussion is based on the laws of the United States, including the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), its legislative history, Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, judicial decisions, and published rulings and administrative pronouncements of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), all as in effect at the date of this Prospectus, and any of which may change, possibly with retroactive effect. Further, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not disagree with or will not challenge any of the conclusions reached and described herein. The discussion is also based, in part, on representations by the depositary and assumes that each obligation under the deposit agreement and any related agreement will be performed in accordance with its terms.

In General

For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. Holder” is a beneficial owner of our ADSs or ordinary shares that is:

 

   

a citizen or individual resident of the United States;

 

   

a corporation, or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, that is created in or organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

 

   

an estate whose income is subject to United States federal income tax regardless of its source; or

 

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a trust if either (1) a United States court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) the trust has a valid election in effect to be treated as a U.S. person under applicable Treasury regulations.

If an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds our ADSs or ordinary shares, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of such partnership and each partner will generally depend on the status and the activities of the partnership and the partner. Partnerships that hold our ADSs or ordinary shares, and partners in such partnerships, should consult their tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal, state and local and non-U.S. tax consequences applicable to them of the ownership and disposition of our ADSs or ordinary shares.

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, U.S. Holders of ADSs generally will be treated as the owners of the ordinary shares represented by the ADSs. Accordingly, except as otherwise noted, the U.S. federal income tax consequences discussed below apply equally to U.S. Holders of ADSs or the underlying ordinary shares.

Holders should consult their tax advisers regarding the particular tax consequences to them of the ownership and disposition of our ADSs or ordinary shares under the laws of the United States (federal, state and local) or any other relevant taxation jurisdiction.

Taxation of Distributions

Subject to the discussion under “– Passive Foreign Investment Companies” below, the gross amount of a distribution made by us with respect to the ordinary shares underlying our ADSs, including the full amount of any Cypriot withholding tax thereon, will be a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes includible in the gross income of a U.S. Holder to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes). Such dividends will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations. Because we do not intend to maintain calculations of our earnings and profits on the basis of United States federal income tax principles, U.S. Holders should expect that any distribution paid will generally be reported to them as a “dividend” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Dividends received by individuals and other non-corporate U.S. Holders of our ADSs that are traded on Nasdaq will be eligible for beneficial rates of taxation provided we are not a PFIC during the year in which the dividend is paid or the prior taxable year and certain other requirements, including stock holding period requirements, are satisfied by the recipient. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the relevant rules to their particular circumstances.

Dividends will be included in a U.S. Holder’s income on the date of the U.S. Holder’s (or in the case of ADSs, the Depository’s) receipt of the dividend. The amount of any dividend income paid in a foreign currency will be the U.S. dollar amount calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date of receipt, regardless of whether the payment is in fact converted into U.S. dollars. If the dividend is converted into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, U.S. holders should not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss in respect of dividend income. A U.S. Holder may have foreign currency gain or loss if the dividend is converted into U.S. dollars after the date of receipt.

Sale or Other Disposition of ADSs or Ordinary Shares

Subject to the discussion under “– Passive Foreign Investment Companies” below, a U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes upon a sale or other disposition of its ADSs in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized from such sale or disposition and the U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in such ADSs, in each case, as determined in U.S. dollars. Such capital gain or loss will be long-term capital gain (taxable at a reduced rate for non-corporate U.S. Holders, such as individuals) or loss if, on the date of sale or disposition, such ADSs were held by such U.S. Holder for more than one year. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to significant limitations.

If a Russian tax is imposed on the sale or other disposition of our ADSs or ordinary shares, a U.S. Holder’s amount realized will include the gross amount of the proceeds before deduction of the Russian tax. See

 

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“—Certain Russian Tax Considerations Relevant to the Purchase, Ownership and Disposition of the ADSs” for a description of when a disposition may be subject to taxation by Russia. Because a U.S. Holder’s gain from the sale or other disposition of ADSs or ordinary shares will generally be U.S. source gain, a U.S. Holder may be unable to claim a credit against its U.S. federal tax liability for any Russian tax on gains. In lieu of claiming a foreign tax credit, a U.S. Holder may elect to deduct foreign taxes, including the Russian tax, in computing taxable income, subject to generally applicable limitations under U.S. law. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers as to whether any Russian tax on gains may be creditable against U.S. federal income tax on foreign source income from other sources.

The surrender of ADSs in exchange for ordinary shares (or vice versa) will not result in the realization of gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and U.S. Holders will not recognize any gain or loss upon such a surrender. A U.S. Holder’s tax basis in withdrawn shares will be the same as such holder’s tax basis in the ADSs surrendered, and the holding period of the shares will include the holder’s holding period for the ADSs.

Passive Foreign Investment Companies

In general, a non-U.S. corporation will be classified as a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, if either (i) 75% or more of its gross income consists of certain types of “passive” income or (ii) 50% or more of the fair market value of its assets (determined on the basis of a quarterly average) produce or are held for the production of passive income. For this purpose, cash is categorized as a passive asset and our unbooked intangibles will be taken into account and generally treated as non-passive assets. We will be treated as owning our proportionate share of the assets and earning our proportionate share of the income of any other corporation in which we own, directly or indirectly, 25% or more (by value) of the shares.

We do not believe that we were a PFIC for the taxable year ended December 31, 2012. We do not anticipate being a PFIC for our current taxable year or in the foreseeable future, although we can make no assurances in this regard. Our status as a PFIC in any year depends on our assets and activities in that year. We have no reason to believe that our assets or activities will change in a manner that would cause us to be classified as a PFIC for the current taxable year or for any future year. Because, however, PFIC status is factual in nature, may depend in part on fluctuations in the market price of our ADSs, is determined annually, and generally cannot be determined until the close of the taxable year, there can be no assurance that we will not be considered a PFIC for any taxable year. We could be a PFIC, for example, if our business and assets evolve in ways that are different from what we currently anticipate. Furthermore, it is possible that the IRS may challenge our valuation of our goodwill and other unbooked intangibles, which may result in our company being classified as a PFIC for the current or subsequent taxable years.

If we are classified as a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder holds our ADSs, the U.S. Holder will generally be subject to imputed interest charges, characterization of any gain from the sale or exchange of our ADSs as ordinary income, and other disadvantageous tax treatment with respect to our ADSs unless the U.S. Holder may make a mark-to-market election (as described below). Further, if we are classified as a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder holds our ADSs and any of our non-U.S. subsidiaries is also a PFIC, such U.S. Holder would be treated as owning a proportionate amount (by value) of the shares of each such non-U.S. subsidiary classified as a PFIC (each such subsidiary, a lower tier PFIC) for purposes of the application of these rules. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the PFIC rules to any of our subsidiaries.

As an alternative to the foregoing rules, a U.S. holder of “marketable stock” in a PFIC may make a mark-to-market election. A mark-to-market election may be made with respect to our ADSs, provided they are actively traded, defined for this purpose as being traded on a “qualified exchange,” other than in de minimis quantities, on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter, but may not be made with respect to our ordinary shares as they are not marketable stock. We anticipate that our ADSs should qualify as being actively traded, but no assurances may be given in this regard. If a U.S. Holder of our ADSs makes this election, the U.S. Holder will generally (i) include as income for each taxable year the excess, if any, of the fair market value of our ADSs held

 

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at the end of the taxable year over the adjusted tax basis of such ADSs and (ii) deduct as a loss the excess, if any, of the adjusted tax basis of our ADSs over the fair market value of such ADSs held at the end of the taxable year, but only to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election. The U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in our ADSs would be adjusted to reflect any income or loss resulting from the mark-to-market election. In addition, any gain such U.S. Holder recognizes upon the sale or other disposition of our ADSs will be treated as ordinary income and any loss will be treated as ordinary loss, but only to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the mark to market election. If a U.S. Holder makes a mark-to-market election in respect of a corporation classified as a PFIC and such corporation ceases to be classified as a PFIC, the U.S. Holder will not be required to take into account the gain or loss described above during any period that such corporation is not classified as a PFIC. In the case of a U.S. Holder who has held our ADSs during any taxable year in respect of which we were classified as a PFIC and continues to hold such ADSs (or any portion thereof) and has not previously made a mark-to-market election, and who is considering making a mark-to-market election, special tax rules may apply relating to purging the PFIC taint of such ADSs. Because a mark-to-market election cannot be made for any lower tier PFICs that we may own, a U.S. Holder may continue to be subject to the PFIC rules with respect to such U.S. Holder’s indirect interest in any investments held by us that are treated as an equity interest in a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

We do not intend to provide the information necessary for U.S. Holders of our ADSs to make qualified electing fund elections, which, if available, would result in tax treatment different from the general tax treatment for PFICs described above.

If a U.S. Holder owns our ADSs during any taxable year that we are a PFIC, such U.S. Holder may be subject to certain reporting obligations with respect to our ADSs, including reporting on IRS Form 8621.

Each U.S. Holder should consult its tax adviser concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of purchasing, holding, and disposing of our ADSs or ordinary shares if we are or become classified as a PFIC, including the possibility of making a mark-to-market.

U.S. information reporting and backup withholding

A U.S. Holder may be subject to information reporting unless it establishes that payments to it are exempt from these rules. For example, certain payments to corporations generally are exempt from information reporting and backup withholding. Payments that are subject to information reporting may be subject to backup withholding if a U.S. Holder does not provide its taxpayer identification number and otherwise comply with the backup withholding rules. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules are available to be credited against a U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may be refunded to the extent they exceed such liability, provided the required information is timely provided to the IRS.

An individual U.S. Holder and certain entities may be required to submit to the IRS certain information with respect to his or her beneficial ownership of the ADSs, if such ADSs are not held on his or her behalf by a financial institution. This law also imposes penalties if an individual U.S. Holder is required to submit such information to the IRS and fails to do so.

U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisers regarding application of the information reporting and backup withholding rules.

Russian Tax Considerations Relevant to the Purchase, Ownership and Disposition of the ADSs

The following is a summary of material Russian tax consequences relevant to the purchase, ownership and disposition of the ADSs. The summary is based on the laws of the Russian Federation in effect on the date of this prospectus. All of the foregoing is subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis, after the date of the prospectus. The discussion with respect to Russian legislation is based on our understanding of current Russian law and Russian tax rules, which are subject to frequent change and varying interpretations.

 

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The summary does not seek to address the applicability of, and procedures in relation to, taxes levied by the regions and municipalities of the Russian Federation. Nor does the summary seek to address the availability of double tax treaty relief, and it should be noted that there may be practical difficulties involved in claiming relief under an applicable double tax treaty. Prospective holders should consult their own advisers regarding the tax consequences of investing in the ADSs and no representations with respect to the Russian tax consequences of investing, owning or disposing of the ADSs to any particular holder is made hereby.

General

Many aspects of Russian tax law, including Russian tax rules applicable to ADSs, are subject to significant uncertainty and lack interpretive guidance. Further, the substantive provisions of Russian tax law applicable to financial instruments may be subject to more rapid and unpredictable change (including with a retroactive effect) and inconsistency than in jurisdictions with more developed capital markets or more developed taxation systems. In particular, the interpretation and application of such provisions will, in practice, rest substantially with local tax inspectorates. In practice, the interpretation of tax law by different tax inspectorates may be inconsistent or contradictory and may result in the imposition of conditions, requirements or restrictions not provided for by the existing legislation. Similarly, in the absence of binding precedents, court rulings on tax or related matters by different Russian courts relating to the same or similar circumstances may be inconsistent or contradictory.

For the purposes of this summary, a “non-resident holder” means a holder of ADSs who is:

 

   

an individual actually present in the Russian Federation for an aggregate period of less than 183 calendar days (including days of arrival to the Russian Federation and including days of departure from the Russian Federation) in any period comprising 12 consecutive months. Presence in Russia for tax residency purposes is not considered interrupted for an individual’s short term absences (of less than 6 months) from the Russian Federation for medical treatment or education. The interpretation of this definition by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation states that for withholding tax purposes an individual’s tax residence status should be determined on the date of income payment (based on the number of Russian days in the 12-month period preceding the date of payment). The individual’s final tax liability in the Russian Federation for the reporting calendar year should be determined based on the number of days spent in the Russian Federation in such calendar year; or

 

   

a legal entity or organisation, in each case not organised under Russian law, which purchases, holds and/or disposes of the ADSs otherwise than through a permanent establishment in the Russian Federation (as defined by Russian tax law).

For the purposes of this summary, a “Russian resident holder” is a holder of ADSs who is not qualified to be a non-resident holder defined in the previous paragraph.

Russian tax residency rules may be affected by an applicable double tax treaty. It is anticipated that the Russian tax residency rules applicable to legal entities may change in the future.

Non-resident holders

Generally, a non-resident holder of ADSs should not be subject to any Russian taxes in respect of distributions made by us with respect to class B shares underlying the ADSs.

Legal entities or organisations

A non-resident holder that is a legal entity or organisation generally should not be subject to any Russian taxes in respect of the purchase of the ADSs, any gain or other income realised on the sale, exchange or other disposal of the ADSs.

 

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Individuals

A non-resident holder who is an individual should not generally be subject to Russian taxes in respect of any gains realised on the sale, exchange or other disposal of ADSs, provided that the proceeds of such sale, exchange or disposal are not received from a source within Russia.

In the event that the proceeds from a sale, exchange or disposal of ADSs are deemed to be received from a source within Russia, a non-resident holder that is an individual may be subject to Russian tax in respect of such proceeds at a rate of 30 % of the gain (such gain being computed as the sales price less any available documented cost deduction, including the acquisition price of the ADSs and other documented expenses, such as depositary expenses and brokers’ fees), subject to any available double tax treaty relief, provided that the necessary requirements to qualify for the treaty relief and the appropriate administrative requirements under the Russian tax legislation have been met. For example, holders of ADSs that are eligible for the benefits of the United States—Russia double tax treaty should generally not be subject to tax in Russia on any gain arising from the disposal of ADSs, provided that the gain is not attributable to a permanent establishment or a fixed base that is or was located in Russia and/or provided that less than 50% of our fixed assets consist of immovable property situated in Russia (as defined in the treaty). Because the determination of whether 50% or more of our fixed assets consist of immovable property situated in Russia is inherently factual and is made on an on-going basis, and because the relevant Russian legislation and regulations are not entirely clear, there can be no assurance that immovable property situated in Russia does not currently, or will not, constitute 50% or more of our assets. If 50% or more of our assets were to consist of immovable property situated in Russia, the benefits of the United States - Russia double tax treaty may not be available to an ADS holder.

According to Russian tax legislation, income received from a sale, exchange or disposition of the ADSs should be treated as having been received from a Russian source if such sale, exchange or disposition occurs in Russia. Russian tax law gives no clear indication as to how to identify the source of income received from a sale, exchange or disposition of securities except that income received from the sale of securities “in Russia” will be treated as having been received from a Russian source.

The taxable base is required to be calculated in rubles and, therefore, may be affected by fluctuations in the exchange rates of the currencies used at the time of the acquisition and the sale of the ADSs, the currency of sale of the ADSs and rubles. The tax may be withheld at source from payment only if the individual acts via a professional intermediary (such as trustee, dealer, broker or other intermediary acting to the benefit of the individual holder), otherwise the non-resident individual shall be liable to file a tax return and pay the tax due.

Additionally, acquisition of the ADSs by a non-resident holder who is an individual may constitute a taxable event pursuant to provisions of the Russian Tax Code relating to the material benefit (deemed income) received by individuals as a result of acquisition of securities. If the acquisition price of the ADSs is below the lower margin of fair market value calculated under a specific procedure for the determination of market prices of securities for tax purposes, the difference may be subject to the Russian personal income tax at a rate of 30% (arguably, this would be subject to reduction or elimination under the applicable double tax treaty).

As noted above with respect to the disposal of the ADSs, under Russian tax legislation, taxation of the income of non-resident holders who are individuals will depend on whether this income would be assessed as received from Russian or non-Russian sources. Although Russian tax legislation does not contain any provisions on how the related material benefit should be sourced, the tax authorities may infer that such income should be considered as Russian source income if the ADSs are purchased “in Russia”. In the absence of any additional guidance as to what should be considered as a purchase of securities “in Russia”, the Russian tax authorities may apply various criteria in order to determine the source of the related material benefit, including looking at the place of conclusion of the acquisition transaction or other similar criteria.

Non-resident holders who are individuals should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax consequences arising as a result of acquisition or disposition of the ADSs and the receipt of proceeds from source within the Russian Federation in respect of such disposition.

 

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Double Tax Treaty Procedures

Where a non-resident holder of ADSs receives income from a Russian source, the Russian tax (if applicable under Russian domestic tax law) may be reduced or eliminated in accordance with the provisions of a double tax treaty. Advance treaty relief should be available for those eligible, subject to the requirements of the laws of Russia. In order for a non-resident holder to benefit from the applicable double tax treaty, documentary evidence is required to confirm the applicability of the double tax treaty for which benefits are claimed. Currently, a non-resident holder is required to provide a tax residence confirmation issued by the competent tax authority of the relevant treaty country (duly apostilled or legalised, and translated into Russian). The tax residency confirmation needs to be renewed on an annual basis, and provided before the first payment of income in each calendar year. In addition, a non-resident who is an individual must provide appropriate documentary proof of tax payments outside of Russia on income with respect to which treaty benefits are claimed. Because of the uncertainties regarding the form and procedures for providing such documentary proof, individuals, in practice, may not be able to obtain advance treaty benefits on receipt of proceeds from a source within Russia, and it can be extremely difficult to obtain a refund.

Non-resident holders should consult their own tax advisers regarding possible tax treaty relief and procedures for obtaining such relief with respect to any Russian taxes imposed on proceeds received from a disposition of the ADSs.

Refund of Tax Withheld

If double tax treaty relief is available but Russian tax has nevertheless been withheld at the source of payment, an application for the refund of the taxes withheld may be made within three years from the end of the tax period in which the tax was withheld for non-resident holders.

In order to obtain a refund, the non-resident holder is required to file with the Russian tax authorities, among other documents, a duly notarised, apostilled and translated certificate of tax residence issued by the competent tax authority of the relevant treaty country at the time the income was paid, as well as documents confirming receipt of such income and the withholding of Russian tax. In addition, a non-resident holder who is an individual is required to provide appropriate documentary proof of tax payments made outside of Russia with respect to which such tax refund is claimed. The supporting papers shall be provided within one year after the year to which the treaty benefits relates for non-resident holders who are individuals.

The Russian tax authorities may, in practice, require a wide variety of documentation confirming the right to benefits under a double tax treaty. Such documentation, in practice, may not be explicitly required by the Russian Tax Code. Obtaining a refund of Russian tax withheld may be a time consuming process and can involve considerable practicable difficulties.

Prospective non-resident holders should consult their own tax advisors should they need to obtain a refund of Russian taxes withheld on any payments received with respect to the ADSs.

Resident holders

A Resident holder will generally be subject to all applicable Russian taxes in respect of the purchase of the ADSs and income received on the ADSs, including gains from their sale, exchange or other disposition.

Resident holders should consult their own tax advisers with respect to their tax position regarding the ADSs.

 

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UNDERWRITING

Our selling shareholders are offering the American depositary shares described in this prospectus through a number of underwriters. J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC are acting as joint book-running managers of the offering and representatives of the underwriters. We and the selling shareholders have entered into an underwriting agreement with the underwriters. Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement, the selling shareholders have agreed to sell to the underwriters, and each underwriter has severally agreed to purchase, at the public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, the number of ADSs listed next to its name in the following table:

 

Name

   Number of
ADSs

J.P. Morgan Securities LLC

  

Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC

  

Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated

  

Renaissance Securities (Cyprus) Limited(1).

  

William Blair & Company, L.L.C.

  

Total

  
  

 

 

(1) Renaissance Securities (Cyprus) Limited is not an SEC-registered broker-dealer. Any offers and sales of our class B shares or ADSs by Renaissance Securities (Cyprus) Limited in the United States or to U.S. persons will be effected by or through its SEC-registered broker-dealer affiliate, RenCap Securities, Inc., or another SEC-registered broker-dealer, acting as a selling agent in accordance with applicable U.S. securities laws.

The underwriters are committed to purchase all ADSs offered by the selling shareholders pursuant to the underwriting agreement, if they purchase any ADSs. The underwriting agreement also provides that if an underwriter defaults, the purchase commitments of non-defaulting underwriters may also be increased or the offering may be terminated.

The underwriters propose to offer the ADSs directly to the public at the initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and to certain dealers at that price less a concession not in excess of U.S.$                     per ADS. After the initial public offering of the ADSs, the offering price and other selling terms may be changed by the underwriters. Sales of ADSs made outside of the United States may be made by affiliates of the underwriters. The representatives have advised us that the underwriters do not intend to confirm discretionary sales in excess of 5.0% of ADSs offered in this offering.

The underwriters have an option to buy up to                          additional ADSs from the selling shareholders to cover sales of ADSs by the underwriters which exceed the number of ADSs specified in the table above. For information concerning the selling shareholders who have granted this over-allotment option to the underwriters, see “Principal and Selling Shareholders.” To the extent this over-allotment option is exercised for a number of ADSs less than the full amount of the option, selling shareholders who will provide ADSs to be sold pursuant to this option will provide such ADSs proportionally. The underwriters have 30 days from the date of this prospectus to exercise this over-allotment option. If any ADSs are purchased with this over-allotment option, the underwriters will purchase ADSs in approximately the same proportion as shown in the table above. If any additional ADSs are purchased, the underwriters will offer the additional ADSs on the same terms as those on which the ADSs are being offered.

The underwriting fee is equal to the public offering price per ADS less the amount paid by the underwriters to the selling shareholders per ADS. The following table shows the per ADS and total underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid to the underwriters assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional ADSs.

 

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     Per ADS    Total
     Without
over-allotment
exercise
   With full
over-allotment
exercise
   Without
over-allotment
exercise
   With full
over-allotment
exercise
     U.S.$    U.S.$    U.S.$    U.S.$

Underwriting discounts and commissions paid by selling shareholders

           

We estimate that the total expenses of this offering, including registration, filing and listing fees, printing fees and legal and accounting expenses, including selling shareholder expenses payable by us, but excluding the underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately U.S.$        . The underwriters have agreed to reimburse us for a portion of these expenses.

A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the web sites maintained by one or more underwriters, or selling group members, if any, participating in the offering. The underwriters may agree to allocate a number of ADSs to underwriters and selling group members for sale to their online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the representatives to underwriters and selling group members that may make Internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations.

For a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus, we, each of our directors and officers and all of our existing shareholders have agreed that we and they will not (i) offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, or (in the case of the Company) file with the Commission a registration statement under the Securities Act relating to, any of our ordinary shares or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for ordinary shares, including ADSs, or publicly disclose the intention to make any offer, sale, pledge, disposition or filing, or (ii) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the ordinary shares or any such other securities, whether any such transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of ordinary shares or such other securities, in cash or otherwise, without the prior written consent of J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC.

We and the selling shareholders have agreed to indemnify the underwriters and their controlling persons against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933.

We will apply to have our ADSs approved for listing on Nasdaq under the symbol “QIWI.”

In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, which involves making bids for, purchasing and selling ADSs in the open market for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of ADSs while this offering is in progress. These stabilizing transactions may include making short sales of ADSs, which involves the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of ADSs than they are required to purchase in this offering, and purchasing ADSs on the open market to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales may be “covered” shorts, which are short positions in an amount not greater than the underwriters’ over-allotment option referred to above, or may be “naked” shorts, which are short positions in excess of that amount. The underwriters may close out any covered short position either by exercising their over-allotment option, in whole or in part, or by purchasing ADSs in the open market. In making this determination, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of ADSs available for purchase in the open market compared to the price at which the underwriters may purchase ADSs through the over-allotment option. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the ADSs in the open market that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering. To the extent that the underwriters create a naked short position, they will purchase ADSs in the open market to cover the position.

 

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The underwriters have advised us that, pursuant to Regulation M of the Securities Act, they may also engage in other activities that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the ADSs, including the imposition of penalty bids. This means that if the representatives of the underwriters purchase ADSs in the open market in stabilizing transactions or to cover short sales, the representatives can require the underwriters that sold those ADSs as part of this offering to repay the underwriting discount received by them.

These activities may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of the ADSs or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the ADSs, and, as a result, the price of the ADSs may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open market. If the underwriters commence these activities, they may discontinue them at any time. The underwriters may carry out these transactions on                     , in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our ADSs. The initial public offering price will be determined by negotiations between us, the selling shareholders and the representatives of the underwriters. In determining the initial public offering price, we and the representatives of the underwriters expect to consider a number of factors including:

 

   

the information set forth in this prospectus and otherwise available to the representatives;

 

   

our prospects and the history and prospects for the industry in which we compete;

 

   

an assessment of our management;

 

   

our prospects for future earnings;

 

   

the general condition of the securities markets at the time of this offering;

 

   

the recent market prices of, and demand for, publicly traded securities of generally comparable companies; and

 

   

other factors deemed relevant by the underwriters and us.

Neither we, the selling shareholders nor the underwriters can assure investors that an active trading market will develop for our ADSs, or that the ADSs will trade in the public market at or above the initial public offering price.

The underwriters and their respective affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. Certain of the underwriters and their affiliates have provided in the past to us and our affiliates and may provide from time to time in the future certain commercial banking, (including pursuant to the debt refinancing) financial advisory, investment banking and other services for us and such affiliates in the ordinary course of their business, for which they have received and may continue to receive customary fees and commissions. In addition, in the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers, and such investment and securities activities may involve our securities and/or instruments. The underwriters and their respective affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.

Selling Restrictions

Other than in the United States, no action has been taken by us, the selling shareholders or the underwriters that would permit a public offering of the securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. The securities offered by this prospectus may not be offered or sold, directly or

 

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indirectly, nor may this prospectus or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the offer and sale of any such securities be distributed or published in any jurisdiction, except under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession this prospectus comes are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to the offering and the distribution of this prospectus. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities referred to by this prospectus in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or solicitation is unlawful.

Russian Federation

The ADSs to which this prospectus relates will not be offered, advertised, transferred or sold as part of their initial distribution or at any time thereafter to or for the benefit of any persons (including legal entities) resident, incorporated, established or having their usual residence in the Russian Federation or to any person located within the territory of the Russian Federation who is not a qualified investor in accordance with Russian law unless and to the extent otherwise permitted under Russian law.

This prospectus should not be considered as a public offer or advertisement of the ADSs to which this prospectus relates in the Russian Federation and is not an offer, or an invitation to make offers, to purchase any such ADSs in the Russian Federation. Neither the ADSs nor any prospectus or other document relating to them have been registered with the Federal Service for Financial Markets of the Russian Federation and are not intended for “placement” or “public circulation” in the Russian Federation.

Dubai International Financial Centre

This prospectus relates to an Exempt Offer in accordance with the Offered Securities Rules of the Dubai Financial Services Authority (“DFSA”). This prospectus is intended for distribution only to persons of a type specified in the Offered Securities Rules of the DFSA. It must not be delivered to, or relied on by, any other person. The DFSA has no responsibility for reviewing or verifying any documents in connection with Exempt Offers. The DFSA has not approved this prospectus or taken steps to verify the information set forth herein and has no responsibility for the prospectus. The securities to which this prospectus relates may be illiquid and/or subject to restrictions on their resale. Prospective purchasers of the securities offered should conduct their own due diligence on the securities. If you do not understand the contents of this prospectus, you should consult an authorized financial advisor.

European Economic Area

In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a “Relevant Member State”) an offer to the public of any securities which are the subject of the offering contemplated by this prospectus may not be made in that Relevant Member State except that an offer to the public in that Relevant Member State of any securities may be made at any time under the following exemptions under the Prospectus Directive, if they have been implemented in that Relevant Member State:

 

  (a) to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities;

 

  (b) to any legal entity which has two or more of (1) an average of at least 250 employees during the last financial year; (2) a total balance sheet of more than €43,000,000 and (3) an annual net turnover of more than €50,000,000, as shown in its last annual or consolidated accounts;

 

  (c) by the underwriters to fewer than 100 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined in the Prospectus Directive) subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representatives for any such offer; or

 

  (d) in any other circumstances falling within Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive, provided that no such offer of securities shall result in a requirement for the publication by us, the selling shareholders, or any underwriter of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.

 

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For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer to the public” in relation to any securities in any Relevant Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any securities to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase any securities, as the same may be varied in that Member State by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that Member State and the expression “Prospectus Directive” means Directive 2003/71/EC and includes any relevant implementing measure in each Relevant Member State.

France

This offering document has not been prepared in the context of a public offering of securities in France (offre au public) within the meaning of Article L.411-1 of the French Code monétaire et financier and Articles 211-1 et seq. of the Autorité des marches financiers (AMF) regulations and has therefore not been submitted to the AMF for prior approval or otherwise, and no prospectus has been prepared in relation to the securities.

The securities have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in France, and neither this offering document nor any other offering material relating to the securities has been distributed or caused to be distributed or will be distributed or caused to be distributed to the public in France, except only to persons licensed to provide the investment service of portfolio management for the account of third parties and/or to “qualified investors” (as defined in Article L.411-2, D.411-1 and D.411-2 of the French Code monétaire et financier) and/or to a limited circle of investors (as defined in Article L.411-2 and D.411-4 of the French Code monétaire et financier) on the condition that no such offering document nor any other offering material relating to the securities shall be delivered by them to any person or reproduced (in whole or in part). Such “qualified investors” and the limited circle of investors referred to in Article L.411-2II2 are notified that they must act in that connection for their own account in accordance with the terms set out by Article L.411-2 of the French Code monétaire et financier and by Article 211-3 of the AMF Regulations and may not re-transfer, directly or indirectly, the securities in France, other than in compliance with applicable laws and regulations and, in particular, those relating to a public offering (which are, in particular, embodied in Articles L.411-1, L.412-1 and L.621-8 et seq. of the French Code monétaire et financier).

You are hereby notified that in connection with the purchase of these securities, you must act for your own account in accordance with the terms set out by Article L.411-2 of the French Code monétaire et financier and by Article 211-3 of the AMF Regulations and may not re-transfer, directly or indirectly, the securities in France, other than in compliance with applicable laws and regulations and, in particular, those relating to a public offering (which are, in particular, embodied in Articles L.411-1, L.411-2, L.412-1 and L.621-8 et seq. of the French Code monétaire et financier).

Hong Kong

The ADSs have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold in Hong Kong, by means of any document, other than (a) to “professional investors” as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571) of Hong Kong and any rules made under that Ordinance; or (b) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” as defined in the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32) of Hong Kong or which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of that Ordinance.

No advertisement, invitation or document, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public of Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong Kong) has been issued or will be issued in Hong Kong or elsewhere, other than with respect to ADSs which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance and any rules made under that Ordinance.

 

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WARNING

The contents of this document have not been reviewed by any regulatory authority in Hong Kong. You are advised to exercise caution in relation to the offer. If you are in any doubt about any of the contents of this document, you should obtain independent professional advice.

Italy

The offering of the ADSs has not been registered with the Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa (CONSOB), in accordance with Italian securities legislation. Accordingly, the ADSs may not be offered or sold, and copies of this offering document or any other document relating to the ADSs may not be distributed in Italy except to Qualified Investors, as defined in Article 34-ter, sub – Section 1, paragraph b of CONSOB Regulation no. 11971 of May 14, 1999, as amended (the Issuers’ Regulation), or in any other circumstance where an express exemption to comply with public offering restrictions provided by Legislative Decree no. 58 of February 24, 1998 (the Consolidated Financial Act) or Issuers’ Regulation applies, including those provided for under Article 100 of the Finance Law and Article 34-ter of the Issuers’ Regulation; provided, however, that any such offer or sale of the ADSs or distribution of copies of this offering document or any other document relating to the ADSs in Italy must (i) be made in accordance with all applicable Italian laws and regulations; (ii) be conducted in accordance with any relevant limitations or procedural requirements that CONSOB may impose upon the offer or sale of the ADSs; and (iii) be made only by (a) banks, investment firms or financial companies enrolled in the special register provided for in Article 107 of Legislative Decree no. 385 of September 1, 1993, to the extent duly authorized to engage in the placement and/or underwriting of financial instruments in Italy in accordance with the Consolidated Financial Act and the relevant implementing regulations; or (b) foreign banks or financial institutions (the controlling shareholding of which is owned by one or more banks located in the same EU Member State) authorized to place and distribute securities in the Republic of Italy pursuant to Articles 15, 16 and 18 of the Banking Act, in each case acting in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.

Japan

The ADSs have not been and will not be registered under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan (the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law). Accordingly, no resident of Japan may participate in the offering of the ADSs, and each underwriter has agreed that it will not offer or sell any ADSs, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to a resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law and any other applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines of Japan.

Singapore

The offer or invitation which is the subject of this document is only allowed to be made to the persons set out herein. Moreover, this document is not a prospectus as defined in the Securities and Futures Act (Chapter 289) of Singapore (the “SFA”), and, accordingly, statutory liability under the SFA in relation to the content of the document will not apply.

As this document has not been and will not be lodged with or registered as a document by the Monetary Authority of Singapore, this document and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the ADSs may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the ADSs be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than: (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the SFA; (ii) to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A) of the SFA, and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA; or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.

 

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Where the ADSs are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person who is:

 

  (a) a corporation (which is not an accredited investor) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or

 

  (b) a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary is an accredited investor,

shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries’ rights and interest in that trust shall not be transferable for six months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the ADSs under Section 275 of the SFA except:

 

(1) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the SFA or to a relevant person defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA, or to any person pursuant to an offer that is made on terms that such shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or such rights and interest in that trust are acquired at a consideration of not less than S$200,000 (or its equivalent foreign currency) for each transaction, whether such amount is to be paid for in cash or by exchange of securities or other assets;

 

(2) where no consideration is given for the transfer; or

 

(3) by operation of law.

By accepting this document, the recipient hereof represents and warrants that he or she is entitled to receive such report in accordance with the restrictions set forth above and agrees to be bound by the limitations contained herein. Any failure to comply with these limitations may constitute a violation of law.

Spain

This offer of our ADSs has not been and will not be registered with the Spanish National Securities Market Commission (Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores, or CNMV”), and, therefore, none of our ADSs may be offered, sold or distributed in any manner, nor may any resale of the ADSs be carried out in Spain except in circumstances which do not constitute a public offer of securities in Spain or are exempted from the obligation to publish a prospectus, as set forth in Spanish Securities Market Act (Ley 24/1988, de 28 de julio, del Mercado de Valores) and Royal Decree 1310/2005, of 4 November, and other applicable regulations, as amended from time to time, or otherwise without complying with all legal and regulatory requirements in relation thereto. Neither the prospectus nor any offering or advertising materials relating to our ADSs have been or will be registered with the CNMV, and, therefore, they are not intended for the public offer of our ADSs in Spain.

Switzerland

The ADSs may not be publicly offered in Switzerland and will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange (“SIX”) or on any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland.

This document has been prepared without regard to the disclosure standards for issuance prospectuses under Article 652a or Article 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations or the disclosure standards for listing prospectuses under Article 27 et seq. of the SIX Listing Rules or the listing rules of any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. Neither this document nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the ADSs or the offering may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.

Neither this document nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the offering, the company or the ADSs have been or will be filed with or approved by any Swiss regulatory authority. In particular, this document will not be filed with, and the offer of ADSs will not be supervised by, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority, FINMA, and the offer of ADSs has not been and will not be authorized under the Swiss Federal Act on Collective Investment Schemes (“CISA”). The investor protection afforded to acquirers of interests in collective investment schemes under the CISA does not extend to acquirers of ADSs.

 

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United Arab Emirates

This offering has not been approved or licensed by the Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates (“UAE”), Securities and Commodities Authority of the UAE and/or any other relevant licensing authority in the UAE, including any licensing authority incorporated under the laws and regulations of any of the free zones established and operating in the territory of the UAE, in particular the Dubai Financial Services Authority (“DFSA”), a regulatory authority of the Dubai International Financial Centre (“DIFC”). This offering does not constitute a public offer of securities in the UAE, DIFC and/or any other free zone in accordance with the Commercial Companies Law, Federal Law No 8 of 1984 (as amended), DFSA Offered Securities Rules and Nasdaq Dubai Listing Rules, accordingly, or otherwise. The ADSs may not be offered to the public in the UAE and/or any of the free zones.

The ADSs may be offered and issued only to a limited number of investors in the UAE or any of its free zones who qualify as sophisticated investors under the relevant laws and regulations of the UAE or the free zone concerned.

United Kingdom

Each underwriter has represented and agreed that:

 

  (a) it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of Section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (“FSMA”)) received by it in connection with the issue or sale of the ADSs in circumstances in which Section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to us; and

 

  (b) it has complied and will comply with all applicable provisions of the FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the ADSs in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.

 

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EXPENSES OF THE OFFERING

We estimate the expenses in connection with the issuance and distribution of our ADSs in this offering, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, as follows:

 

SEC registration fee

   U.S.$            

Printing and engraving expenses

  

Legal fees and expenses

  

Accountants’ fees and expenses

  

                 fee

  

FINRA fee

  

Depositary’s fees and expenses

  

Miscellaneous costs

  
  

 

 

 

Total

   U.S.$     
  

 

 

 

We anticipate that the total underwriting discounts and commissions on ADSs sold by the selling shareholders will be approximately U.S.$                , or         % of the gross proceeds of the offering. The selling shareholders will be responsible for the underwriting discounts and commissions related to this offering.

We will be responsible for the expenses of the offering listed above. No expenses will be borne by the selling shareholders.

All amounts in the table are estimates except the SEC registration fee, the                  fee and the FINRA filing fee.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

Certain legal matters in connection with this offering relating to United States federal securities law will be passed upon for us by Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom (UK) LLP, London, United Kingdom. The validity of the class B shares underlying the ADSs and other legal matters concerning this offering relating to Cyprus law will be passed upon for us by Antis Triantafyllides & Sons LLC. Certain legal matters concerning this offering relating to United States federal securities law will be passed upon for the underwriters by White & Case LLP, London, United Kingdom. Certain legal matters in connection with this offering relating to Russian law will be passed upon for the underwriters by White & Case LLC, Moscow, Russian Federation. Certain legal matters in connection with this offering relating to Cyprus law will be passed upon for the underwriters by Chrysses Demetriades & Co. LLC.

 

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EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of Qiwi plc as of December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012, appearing in this prospectus and registration statement have been audited by Ernst & Young LLC, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report thereon appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

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ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES

We are organized in Cyprus, and substantially all of our and our subsidiaries’ assets are located outside the United States, and all members of our board of directors are resident outside of the United States. As a result, it may not be possible to effect service of process within the United States upon us or any of our subsidiaries or such persons or to enforce U.S. court judgments obtained against us or them in jurisdictions outside the United States, including actions under the civil liability provisions of U.S. securities laws. In addition, it may be difficult to enforce, in original actions brought in courts in jurisdictions outside the United States, liabilities predicated upon U.S. securities laws.

Further, most of our and our subsidiaries’ assets are located in Russia. Judgments rendered by a court in any jurisdiction outside Russia will generally be recognized by courts in Russia only if (i) an international treaty exists between Russia and the country where the judgment was rendered providing for the recognition of judgments in civil cases and/or (ii) a federal law of Russia providing for the recognition and enforcement of foreign court judgments is adopted. No such federal law has been passed, and no such treaty exists, between Russia, on the one hand, and the United States, on the other hand. There are no publicly available judgments in which a judgment made by a court in the United States was upheld and deemed enforceable in Russia. Furthermore, Russian courts have limited experience in the enforcement of foreign court judgments. Therefore, a litigant who obtains a final and conclusive judgment in the United States would most likely have to litigate the issue again in a Russian court of competent jurisdiction.

Shareholders may originate actions in either Russia or Cyprus based upon either applicable Russian or Cypriot laws, as the case may be.

 

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form F-1 (including amendments and relevant exhibits and schedules) under the Securities Act covering the ADSs to be sold in this offering. This prospectus, which is part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules to the registration statement. For further information, we refer you to the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed as part of the registration statement. If a document has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, we refer you to the copy of the document that has been filed. Each summary or outline in this prospectus of a document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement incorporating by reference particular items, sections or paragraphs of such exhibit is qualified in its entirety by the full contents of such exhibit.

We are not currently subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act. Immediately upon completion of this offering, we will become subject to periodic reporting and other informational requirements of the Exchange Act as applicable to foreign private issuers. As a foreign private issuer, we will be exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act relating to the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our officers, directors and principal stockholders will be exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we will not be required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the Securities and Exchange Commission as frequently or as promptly as United States companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act. However, we intend to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2013 and each subsequent fiscal year, an annual report on Form 20-F containing financial statements which will be examined and reported on, with an opinion expressed, by an independent public accounting firm. We also intend to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission reports on Form 6-K containing unaudited financial information for the first three quarters of each fiscal year, within 60 days after the end of each quarter. You can inspect and copy the registration statements, reports and other information filed with the SEC at the public reference facility maintained by the SEC at 100 F. Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549. You can request copies of these documents upon payment of a duplicating fee by writing to the SEC. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the public reference facility. Our SEC filings will also be available to the public on the SEC’s internet website at http://www.sec.gov.

 

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INDEX TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

QIWI plc and its subsidiaries

 

Audited Consolidated Financial Statements

  

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     F-1   

Consolidated statement of financial position as of December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012

     F-2   

Consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the years ended December  31, 2010, 2011 and 2012

     F-3   

Consolidated cash flow statements for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012

     F-4   

Consolidated statements of changes in equity for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012

     F-6   

Notes to the consolidated financial statements for the years ended December  31, 2010, 2011 and 2012

     F-9   


Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and members of QIWI plc

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of QIWI plc as of December 31, 2012, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, consolidated statement of changes in equity and consolidated cash flow statement for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of QIWI plc at December 31, 2012, and of its financial performance and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as endorsed by the European Union, and IFRS as published by the IASB.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLC

Moscow, Russia

March 18, 2013

 

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QIWI plc

Consolidated statement of financial position

As of December 31, 2012 (in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

     Notes    As of
December 31,
2010
     As of
December 31,
2011
    As of
December 31,
2012
    As of
December 31,
2012
 
          RUB (000)      RUB (000)     RUB (000)    

U.S.$ (000)

Note 3.3

 

Assets

            

Non-current assets

            

Property and equipment

   11      157,013         167,871        105,653        3,479   

Goodwill and other intangible assets

   12,13      2,071,970         2,028,526        1,975,930        65,056   

Long-term debt instruments

   33      316,640         630,327        616,473        20,297   

Long-term loans

   14      22,408         206,832        185,384        6,104   

Investments in associates

   7      4,101         34,656        100,436        3,307   

Derivative financial assets

   33      8,601         8,601                 

Deferred tax assets

   29      108,480         98,437        101,805        3,352   

Long-term rent prepayment

   15      353,107                         

Long-term VAT prepayment

   15      63,559                         

Other non-current assets

        150         18,305        16,377        538   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total non-current assets

        3,106,029         3,193,555        3,102,058        102,133   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Current assets

            

Inventories

        41,539         53,243        22,761        749   

Trade and other receivables

   16      1,950,960         2,704,827        3,437,671        113,183   

Short-term loans

   14      50,967         51,107        324,086        10,670   

Short-term debt instruments

   33      1,161,663         303,704        1,751,119        57,654   

Prepaid income tax

        153,148         81,226        37,835        1,246   

VAT and other taxes receivable

        65,217         62,133        19,511        642   

Cash and cash equivalents

   17      6,891,881         8,810,441        9,943,160        327,372   

Short-term rent prepayment

   15      70,621                         

Other current assets

   18      24,235         45,386        70,573        2,324   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

        10,410,231         12,112,067        15,606,716        513,840   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

        13,516,260         15,305,622        18,708,774        615,973   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Equity and liabilities

            

Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent

            

Share capital

   18      890         890        904        30   

Additional paid-in capital

        1,876,104         1,876,104        1,876,104        61,769   

Other reserve

        5,909         32,811        101,124        3,329   

Retained earnings

        422,623         526,079        569,317        18,745   

Translation reserve

        1,557         6,015        705        23   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity attributable to equity holders of the parent

        2,307,083         2,441,899        2,548,154        83,896   

Non-controlling interest

        41,250         (87,020     (49,311     (1,624
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity

        2,348,333         2,354,879        2,498,843        82,272   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-current liabilities

            

Long-term borrowings

   20      30,508         67,810        38,762        1,276   

Long-term deferred revenue

        29,248         30,385        43,605        1,436   

Deferred tax liabilities

   29      83,967         54,402        44,065        1,451   

Other non-current liabilities

        33,559         20,781                 
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total non-current liabilities

        177,282         173,378        126,432        4,163   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Current liabilities

            

Short-term borrowings

   20      36,414         122,203        26,105        859   

Trade and other payables

   21      9,577,501         11,093,791        14,934,194        491,698   

Amounts due to customers and amounts due to banks

   22      1,240,057         1,392,366        944,549        31,099   

Income tax payable

        4,232         21,784        9,558        315   

VAT and other taxes payable

        121,730         133,160        138,742        4,568   

Deferred revenue

        9,586         9,097        30,048        989   

Other current liabilities

        1,125         4,964        303        10   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

        10,990,645         12,777,365        16,083,499        529,538   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity and liabilities

        13,516,260         15,305,622        18,708,774        615,973   
     

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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QIWI plc

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

    Year ended December 31  
    Notes   2010     2011     2012     2012  
    2.1   RUB (000)     RUB (000)     RUB (000)    

U.S.$ (000)

Note 3.3

 

Revenue

  23     6,157,635        8,158,097        8,911,438        293,403   

Operating costs and expenses:

         

Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

  24     3,750,969        5,572,609        5,454,288        179,579   

Selling, general and administrative expenses

  25     1,418,739        1,543,688        1,838,797        60,541   

Depreciation and amortization

      171,466        140,598        129,051        4,249   

Impairment of intangible assets

                    3,636        119   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit from operations

      816,461        901,202        1,485,666        48,915   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gain on bargain purchase

  5            14,765                 

Gain / (loss) from disposal of subsidiaries

  8     7,089        7,024        (1,027     (34

Change in fair value of derivative financial assets

      8,601               (328     (11

Other income

  26     20,577        9,620        16,669        549   

Other expenses

  27     (34,453     (73,182     (28,738     (946

Foreign exchange loss, net

      (286     (12,083     (21,126     (695

Share of loss of associates

  7            (22,926     (13,236     (436

Interest income

      5,393        6,146        25,510        840   

Interest expense

      (2,145     (4,064     (7,520     (248
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit before tax from continuing operations

      821,237        826,502        1,455,870        47,934   

Income tax expense

  29     (204,346     (240,523     (407,729     (13,425
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net profit from continuing operations

      616,891        585,979        1,048,141        34,509   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Discontinued operations

         

Gain / (loss) from discontinued operations

  8     137,731        (156,255     (240,363     (7,913
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net profit

      754,622        429,724        807,778        26,596   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Attributable to:

         

Equity holders of the parent

      693,399        519,993        910,138        29,966   

Non-controlling interests

      61,223        (90,269     (102,360     (3,370

Other comprehensive income

         

Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations

      (10,770     2,907        2,477        81   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income, net of tax

      743,852        432,631        810,255        26,677   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

attributable to:

         

Equity holders of the parent

      683,204        524,451        912,095        30,030   

Non-controlling interests

      60,648        (91,820     (101,840     (3,353

Earnings per share (RUB):

         

Basic, profit attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent

  10     13.33        10.00        17.50        0.57   

Basic, profit from continuing operations attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent

  10     12.07        11.46        20.72        0.68   

Diluted, profit attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent

  10     13.17        10.00        17.50        0.57   

Diluted, profit from continuing operations attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent

  10     11.91        11.46        20.72        0.68   

 

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QIWI plc

Consolidated cash flow statement

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

    Year ended December 31  
    Notes   2010     2011     2012     2012  
    2.1   RUB (000)     RUB (000)     RUB (000)    

U.S.$(000)

Note 3.3

 

Cash flows from operating activities

         

Profit before tax from continuing operations

      821,237        826,502        1,455,870        47,934   

Profit/(loss) before tax from discontinued operations

      198,805        (137,568     (233,535     (7,689
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit before tax

      1,020,042        688,934        1,222,335        40,245   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Adjustments to reconcile profit before income tax to net cash flows generated from operating activities

         

Depreciation and amortization

  11, 12     191,262        156,586        137,101        4,514   

Loss/(gain) on disposal of property, plant and equipment

      9,249        5,321        (91     (3

Foreign exchange loss (gains), net

      (3,391     32,738        (22,770     (750

Interest expense/(income), net

      (57,800     (127,398     (243,368     (8,013

Bad debt expense/(recovery)

  14, 16     40,470        97,426        211,295        6,957   

Loss/(gain) on loans issued at rate different from market

  26, 27            30,993        (8,042     (265

Change in financial assets at fair value through profit and loss

  33     (8,601            328        11   

Impairment of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets

  11, 12     27,037               4,697        155   

Gain from disposal of subsidiaries and discontinued operations

  8     (7,089     (39,859     (45,519     (1,499

Loss recognized in remeasurement of fair value before classification as assets held for sale

  8                   167,333        5,509   

Share of profit for the period attributable to non-controlling interest and accounted for as a liability

  22     17,384        16,609        24,298        800   

Loss on acquisition of non-controlling interest classified as a liability

  6            12,252                 

Gain on bargain purchase

  5            (14,765              

Share of loss of associates

  7            28,740        13,236        436   

Goodwill impairment

  13, 12     2,934        8,225                 

Share-based payments

                    65,718        2,164   

Other

      (844     8,662        2,140        70   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating profit before changes in working capital

      1,230,653        904,464        1,528,691        50,331   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables

      4,646,356        (703,506     (1,028,028     (33,847

(Increase)/decrease in rent prepayment

      (487,287     225,700                 

(Increase)/decrease in other current assets

      5,268        (27,816     848        28   

Increase in inventories

      (17,229     (17,486     (9,589     (316

Increase/(decrease) in amounts due to customers and amounts due to banks

      595,882        152,309        (490,038     (16,134

Increase in accounts payable and accruals

      989,369        1,575,986        4,041,454        133,062   

Loans issued from banking operations

      (28,554     (39,518     (324,199     (10,674
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash generated from operations

      6,934,458        2,070,133        3,719,139        122,450   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest received

      51,671        174,409        170,904        5,627   

Interest paid

      (4,521     (6,088     (6,608     (218

Income tax paid

      (462,272     (189,650     (384,281     (12,652
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash flow from operating activities

      6,519,336        2,048,804        3,499,154        115,207   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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QIWI plc

Consolidated cash flow statement (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

     Year ended December 31  
     Notes    2010     2011     2012     2012  
     2.1    RUB (000)     RUB (000)     RUB (000)    

U.S.$ (000)

Note 3.3

 

Cash flows from investing activities

           

Purchase of property and equipment

        (97,291     (90,906     (35,587     (1,172

Proceeds from sale of property and equipment

        3,433        5,093        5,349        176   

Purchase of intangible assets

        (56,457     (47,941     (42,229     (1,390

Loans issued

        (34,877     (23,576     (17,752     (584

Repayment of loans issued

        10,879        2,985        33,638        1,108   

Purchase of debt instruments

        (1,515,263     (635,011     (1,649,547     (54,310

Proceeds from settlement of debt instruments

        200,000        1,143,750        289,500        9,531   

Purchase of investments in associates

        (4,101     (4,240     (92,859     (3,057

Acquisitions of shares in subsidiaries, net of cash acquired

   5      132,386        (11,955     (1,062     (35

Net cash inflow on disposal of subsidiaries

   8      9,789        1,166        12,931        425   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash flow from investing activities

        (1,351,502     339,365        (1,497,618     (49,308
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities

           

Proceeds from borrowings

        90,411        48,221        52,253        1,720   

Repayment of promissory notes issued

        (4,768     (8,421     (16,297     (537

Repayment of borrowings

        (82,139     (15,916     (3,395     (111

Proceeds from / (disbursements of) from overdraft facilities, net

        5,361        2,132        (47,452     (1,562

Transactions with non-controlling interest

        29,790        9,748        10,340        340   

Other financing

        5,459        (22,177              

Dividends paid to owners of the Group

   28      (370,327     (424,720     (865,687     (28,502

Dividends paid to non-controlling shareholders

   28      (48,800     (60,803     (914     (30
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash flow used in financing activities

        (375,013     (471,936     (871,152     (28,682
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

        (12,907     2,327        2,335        77   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

        4,779,914        1,918,560        1,132,719        37,294   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of year

        2,111,967        6,891,881        8,810,441        290,078   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year

        6,891,881        8,810,441        9,943,160        327,372   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Consolidated statement of changes in equity

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

   

Notes

  Attributable to equity holders of the parent              
    Share capital                                            
    Number of
shares
issued and
outstanding
    Amount     Additional
paid-in
capital
    Other
reserves
    Retained
earnings
    Translation
reserve
    Total     Non-
controlling
interests
    Total
equity
 

As of December 31, 2011

      15,000        890        1,876,104        32,811        526,079        6,015        2,441,899        (87,020     2,354,879   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit (loss) for the year

                                  910,138               910,138        (102,360     807,778   

Foreign currency translation

                                         1,957        1,957        520        2,477   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

                                  910,138        1,957        912,095        (101,840     810,255   

Split of shares

  19     51,285,000                                                           

Issue of share capital

  19     700,000        14                                    14               14   

Share-based payments

  34                          65,718                      65,718               65,718   

Disposal of subsidiaries

  8                                        (7,267     (7,267     132,718        125,451   

Contribution from non-controlling interest without change in ownership

                           2,595                      2,595        7,745        10,340   

Dividends (16.67 per share)

  28                                 (866,900            (866,900            (866,900

Dividends to non-controlling interest

  28                                                      (914     (914
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012 RUB (000)

      52,000,000        904        1,876,104        101,124        569,317        705        2,548,154        (49,311     2,498,843   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012 U.S.$ (000)

  3.3     52,000,000        30        61,769        3,329        18,745        23        83,896        (1,624     82,272   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-6


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Consolidated statement of changes in equity (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

   

Notes

  Attributable to equity holders of the parent              
    Share capital                                            
    Number of
shares
issued and
outstanding
    Amount     Additional
paid-in
capital
    Other
reserves
    Retained
earnings
    Translation
reserve
    Total     Non-
controlling
interests
    Total
equity
 

As of December 31, 2010

      15,000        890        1,876,104        5,909        422,623        1,557        2,307,083        41,250        2,348,333   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit (loss) for the year

                                  519,993               519,993        (90,269     429,724   

Foreign currency translation

                                         4,458        4,458        (1,551     2,907   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

                                  519,993        4,458        524,451        (91,820     432,631   

Share in changes in equity of associates

  7                          31,508                      31,508               31,508   

Transactions with non-controlling interest in subsidiaries

  6                          (1,555                   (1,555     10,669        9,114   

Acquisition of subsidiaries

                                                       (1,287     (1,287

Other changes in equity

                           (3,051                   (3,051     8,850        5,799   

Dividends (8.01 per share)

  28                                 (416,537            (416,537            (416,537

Dividends to non-controlling interest

  28                                                      (54,682     (54,682
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2011

      15,000        890        1,876,104        32,811        526,079        6,015        2,441,899        (87,020     2,354,879   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-7


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Consolidated statement of changes in equity (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

   

Notes

  Attributable to equity holders of the parent              
    Share capital                                            
    Number of
shares
issued and
outstanding
    Amount     Additional
paid-in
capital
    Other
reserves
    Retained
earnings
    Translation
reserve
    Total     Non-
controlling
interests
    Total
equity
 

As of December 31, 2009

      15,000        890        1,876,104        (8,582     103,223        11,752        1,983,387        20,791        2,004,178   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Profit (loss) for the year

                                  693,399               693,399        61,223        754,622   

Foreign currency translation

                                         (10,195     (10,195     (575     (10,770
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income

                                  693,399        (10,195     683,204        60,648        743,852   

Transactions with non-controlling interest in subsidiaries

  6                          31,456                      31,456        (2,562     28,894   

Acquisition of subsidiaries

                           (1,800                   (1,800     6,079        4,279   

Put options over non-controlling interest

  33                          (8,273                   (8,273            (8,273

Other changes in equity

                           (6,892                   (6,892     5,094        (1,798

Dividends (7.19 per share)

  28                                 (373,999            (373,999            (373,999

Dividends to non-controlling interest

  28                                                      (48,800     (48,800
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2010

      15,000        890        1,876,104        5,909        422,623        1,557        2,307,083        41,250        2,348,333   
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-8


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

1. Corporate information and description of business

The Company QIWI plc (formerly known as QIWI Limited) was registered on February 26, 2007 as a limited liability Company OE Investment in Cyprus under the Cyprus Companies Law, Cap. 113. The registered office of the Company is 12-14 Kennedy Avenue, Kennedy Business Centre, 2nd Floor, office 203 P.C.1087, Nicosia, Cyprus. On September 13, 2010 the directors of the Company resolved to change the name of the Company from OE Investments Limited to QIWI Limited. On February 25, 2013 the directors of the Company resolved to change the legal form of the Company from QIWI Limited to QIWI plc. The consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue on March 18, 2013.

QIWI plc and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Group”) operate electronic online payment systems primarily in Russia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Belarus, Romania, United States of America (USA) and United Arab Emirates (UAE) and maintain banking activity supporting processing of payments.

The Company was founded as a holding company as a part of the business combination transaction in which ZAO Ob’edinennya Sistema Momentalnykh Platezhey and ZAO e-port Groups of entities were brought together by way of contribution to the Company. The transaction was accounted for as a business combination in which ZAO Ob’edinennya Sistema Momentalnykh Platezhey was identified as the acquirer.

On November 19, 2012 the Group signed an operating agreement with Visa which allows linking the Group’s QIWI Wallet products to Visa cards in certain countries and expanding the Group’s business. Prior to November 19, 2012 Visa QIWI Wallet was branded as QIWI Wallet.

None of the direct or indirect shareholders has control over the Company. Therefore there is no ultimate parent for the Group.

Information on the Company’s principal subsidiaries is disclosed in Note 6.

 

2. Principles underlying preparation of consolidated financial statements

 

2.1 Basis of preparation

The consolidated financial statements are prepared on a historical cost basis, except for derivative financial instruments that have been measured at fair value. The consolidated financial statements are presented in Russian rubles (“RUB”) and all values are rounded to the nearest thousand (RUB (000)) except when otherwise indicated.

The Group maintains and prepares its accounting records and prepares its statutory accounting reports in accordance with domestic accounting legislation. Stand alone financial statements of subsidiaries are prepared in their respective functional currencies (see Note 3.3 below).

In accordance with European regulation No 1606/2002 dated July 19, 2002, the 2012 consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as endorsed by the European Union (available on the website http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/accounting/ias/ index_en.htm). Comparative figures are presented for 2011 compiled using the same basis of preparation. For the reported periods, there are no differences as applies to the Group between the accounting standards and interpretations endorsed by the European Union and the standards and interpretations published by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). Consequently, the Group accounts are prepared in accordance with the IFRS standards and interpretations, as

 

F-9


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

2. Principles underlying preparation of consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

2.1 Basis of preparation (continued)

 

published by the IASB. These consolidated financial statements are based on the underlying accounting records appropriately adjusted and reclassified for fair presentation in accordance with IFRS. IFRS adjustments include and affect but not limited to such major areas as consolidation, revenue recognition, accruals, deferred taxation, fair value adjustments, business combinations and impairment.

The Group adopted IFRS as approved by the IASB and EU (see above) by applying IFRS 1 First-Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards in its first IFRS financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2008, with January 1, 2007 being its date of transition to IFRS. At the time of adoption, IFRS 1 requires a first-time adopter to disclose reconciliations that give sufficient detail to enable users to understand the material adjustments to the balance sheet and requires reconciliations of equity reported under previous GAAP to its equity under IFRS. At the time of adoption of IFRS, the Company’s primary operations were in Russia and the CIS. The Company did not previously prepare consolidated financial statements and concluded that a reconciliation of its IFRS consolidated financial statements to the Company’s parent company separate financial statements would not be meaningful. IFRS 1 First-Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards allows first-time adopters certain exemptions from the general requirement to apply IFRS as effective for December 2007 year-end retrospectively. The Group has applied the following exemption: cumulative currency translation differences for all foreign operations were deemed to be zero as of January 1, 2007.

IFRS 1 also prohibits retrospective application of some aspects of other IFRSs. In this respect, the estimates at the date to transition to IFRS are consistent with those made for the same dates in accordance with local GAAP by the Group’s subsidiaries (after adjustments to reflect any differences in accounting policies).

The Group applied no other exemptions either allowed or required by IFRS 1.

 

2.2 Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of QIWI plc and its subsidiaries as of December 31 each year.

Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date of acquisition, being the date on which the Group obtains control, and continue to be consolidated until the date that such control ceases. The financial statements of the subsidiaries are prepared for the same reporting period as the parent company, using consistent accounting policies.

All intra-group balances, income, expenses and unrealized gains and losses resulting from intra-group transactions are eliminated in full, except for the foreign exchange gains and losses arising on intra-group loans.

Non-controlling interest is the equity in a subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to a parent. Non-controlling interests at the end of reporting period represent the non-controlling interest shareholders’ portion of the fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities of the subsidiary at the acquisition date and the non-controlling interests’ portion of movements in equity since the date of the combination.

Non-controlling interest is presented in the statement of comprehensive income and within equity in the consolidated statement of financial position, separately from parent shareholders’ equity. Losses within a

 

F-10


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

2. Principles underlying preparation of consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

2.2 Basis of consolidation (continued)

 

subsidiary are attributed to the non-controlling interest even if that results in a deficit balance. Acquisitions and disposals of non-controlling interests are accounted for as equity transactions. Written put options over non-controlling interests acquired for no consideration separately from the business combination are recognized as a financial liability at acquisition date, with an offset to “Other reserves”. The financial liability is measured at the fair value of its redemption amount. All subsequent changes in the carrying amount of the financial liability are recognized in the parent’s profit or loss. The exercise of such put options is accounted for as an acquisition of non-controlling interest: the Group derecognizes the financial liability and recognizes an offsetting credit in equity, using the same component of “Other reserves”. If the put option expires unexercised, the financial liability is reclassified to “Other reserves”. If the Group loses control over a subsidiary, it:

 

   

Derecognises the assets (including any goodwill) and liabilities of the subsidiary at their carrying amounts at the date when control is lost

 

   

Derecognises the carrying amount of any non-controlling interest

 

   

Derecognises the cumulative translation differences recorded in equity

 

   

Recognises the fair value of the consideration received

 

   

Recognises the fair value of any investment retained

 

   

Recognises any surplus or deficit in profit or loss

 

   

Reclassifies the parent’s share of components previously recognised in other comprehensive income to profit or loss or retained earnings, as appropriate.

 

2.3 Changes in accounting policies

The accounting policies adopted are consistent with those of the previous financial year except as follows. The Group has adopted the following new and amended IFRS and IFRIC interpretations as of January 1, 2012:

 

Standard

  

Content of change

  

Impact

IFRS 1 (Amended)

First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards

   The clarification of severe hyperinflation and removal of fixed dates for first-time adopters.    The changes did not have any effect on the Company’s financial position or financial results.

IFRS 7 (Amended)

Financial Instruments: Disclosures

   Enhanced derecognition and disclosure requirements for financial assets.    The changes did not have any significant effect on the Company’s financial position or financial results.

 

F-11


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

2. Principles underlying preparation of consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

2.3 Changes in accounting policies (continued)

 

Standard

  

Content of change

  

Impact

IAS 12

(Amended)

Income taxes

  

The amendment clarified the determination of deferred tax on investment property measured at fair value and

introduces a rebuttable presumption that deferred tax on investment property measured using the fair value

model in IAS 40 should be determined on the basis that its carrying amount will be recovered through sale. It

includes the requirement that deferred tax on non-depreciable assets that are measured using the revaluation model in IAS 16 should always be measured on a sale basis.

   The changes did not have any significant effect on the Company’s financial position or financial results.

 

2.4. Standards issued by the IASB and adopted in EU

Up to the date of approval of the financial statements, certain new standards, interpretations and amendments to existing standards have been published that are not yet effective for the current reporting period and which the Group has not early adopted, as follows:

 

Standard

  

Content of change

  

Impact

Amendments to IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures- Offsetting Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities   

The amendments require an entity to disclose information about rights to set-off and related arrangements (e.g., collateral agreements). The disclosures would provide users with information that is useful in evaluating the effect of netting arrangements on an entity’s financial position. The new disclosures are required for all recognized financial instruments that are set off in accordance with IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation. The disclosures also apply to recognised financial instruments that are subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement, irrespective of whether they are set off in accordance with IAS 32.

 

   The amendment becomes effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The Company is currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on the financial position and performance.

IFRS 10

Consolidated Financial Statements

IAS 27

Separate Financial Statements

  

IFRS 10 replaces the portion of IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements that addresses the accounting for consolidated financial statements. It also includes the issues raised in SIC-12 Consolidation – Special Purpose Entities.

 

IFRS 10 establishes a single control model that applies to all entities including special purpose entities. The changes introduced by IFRS 10 will require management to exercise significant judgement to determine which entities are controlled, and therefore, are required to be consolidated by a parent, compared with the requirements that were in IAS 27.

   This standard becomes effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The Company is currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on the financial position and performance.

 

F-12


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

2. Principles underlying preparation of consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

2.4. Standards issued by the IASB and adopted in EU (continued)

 

Standard

  

Content of change

  

Impact

IFRS 12

Disclosure of Involvement in Other Entities

   IFRS 12 includes all of the disclosures that were previously in IAS 27 related to consolidated financial statements, as well as all of the disclosures that were previously included in IAS 31 and IAS 28. These disclosures relate to an entity’s interests in subsidiaries, joint arrangements, associates and structured entities. A number of new disclosures is also required.    This standard becomes effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The amendment affects presentation only and has no impact on the Company’s financial position or performance.

IFRS 13

Fair Value Measurement

   IFRS 13 establishes a single source of guidance under IFRS for all fair value measurements. IFRS 13 does not change when an entity is required to use fair value, but rather provides guidance on how to measure fair value under IFRS when fair value is required or permitted.    This standard becomes effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The Company is currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on the financial position and performance.

IAS 1

Financial Statement Presentation – Presentation of Items of Other Comprehensive Income

   The amendments to IAS 1 change the grouping of items presented in OCI. Items that could be reclassified (or ‘recycled’) to profit or loss at a future point in time (for example, upon derecognition or settlement) would be presented separately from items that will never be reclassified.   

The amendment becomes effective for annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2012. The amendment affects presentation only and has no impact on the Company’s financial position or performance.

 

IFRS 11

Joint Arrangements

  

IFRS 11 replaces IAS 31 Interests in Joint Ventures and SIC-13 Jointly-controlled Entities – Non-monetary Contributions by Venturers.

 

IFRS 11 removes the option to account for jointly controlled entities (JCEs) using proportionate consolidation. Instead, JCEs that meet the definition of a joint venture must be accounted for using the equity method.

   This standard becomes effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The Company is currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on the financial position and performance.

 

F-13


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

2. Principles underlying preparation of consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

2.4. Standards issued by the IASB and adopted in EU (continued)

 

Standard

  

Content of change

  

Impact

IAS 28 (as revised in 2011)

Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures

   As a consequence of new IFRS 11 and IFRS 12, IAS 28 has been renamed IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, and describes the application of the equity method to investments in joint ventures in addition to associates.    The amendment becomes effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The Company is currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on the financial position and performance.
Amendments to IFRS 1 First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards – Government Loans    On March 13, 2012 the IASB published an amendment to IFRS 1 First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards. The amendments, dealing with loans received from governments at a below market rate of interest, give first-time adopters of IFRSs relief from full retrospective application of IFRSs when accounting for these loans on transition. It provides the same relief to first-time adopters as is granted to existing preparers of IFRS financial statements when applying IAS 20 Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance.    The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, with earlier application permitted. The Company does not expect the new standard to have a material impact on its future financial statements.
Amendments to IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation – Offsetting Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities    On December 16, 2011 the IASB issued amendments to IAS 32 Financial statements: presentation – Offsetting Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The amendments address inconsistencies in current practice when applying the offsetting criteria in IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation and clarify the meaning of ‘currently has a legally enforceable right of set-off’ and that some gross settlement systems may be considered equivalent to net settlement.    The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014 and are required to be applied retrospectively. The Company does not expect the new standard to have a material impact on its future financial statements.

 

F-14


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

2. Principles underlying preparation of consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

2.5. Standards issued by the IASB but not yet effective and not yet adopted in EU

Standards issued but not yet effective up to the date of issuance of the Company’s financial statements and not yet adopted in EU are listed below. This listing of standards and interpretations issued are those that the Company reasonably expects to have an impact on disclosures, financial position or performance when applied at a future date. The Company intends to adopt these standards when they become effective.

 

Standard

  

Content of change

  

Impact and effective date

IFRS 9

Financial Instruments: Classification and Measurement

   IFRS 9 as issued reflects the first phase of the IASBs work on the replacement of IAS 39 and applies to classification and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities as defined in IAS 39. In subsequent phases, the IASB will address hedge accounting and impairment of financial assets.    The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2015. The adoption of the first phase of IFRS 9 will have an effect on the classification and measurement of the Company’s financial assets, but will likely have no impact on classification and measurements of financial liabilities. The Company will quantify the effect in conjunction with the other phases, when issued, to present a comprehensive picture.
Consolidated Financial Statements, Joint Arrangements and Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities: Transition Guidance (Amendments to IFRS 10, IFRS 11 and IFRS 12)    On June 28, 2012 the IASB published Consolidated Financial Statements, Joint Arrangements and Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities: Transition Guidance (Amendments to IFRS 10, IFRS 11 and IFRS 12). The amendments clarify the transition guidance in IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements. The amendments also provide additional transition relief in IFRS 10, IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements and IFRS 12 Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities, limiting the requirement to provide adjusted comparative information to only the preceding comparative period. Furthermore, for disclosures related to unconsolidated structured entities, the amendments will remove the requirement to present comparative information for periods before IFRS 12 is first applied.    The effective date of the amendments is annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, which is aligned with the effective date of IFRS 10, 11 and 12. The Company is currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on the financial position and performance.

 

F-15


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

2. Principles underlying preparation of consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

2.5. Standards issued by the IASB but not yet effective and not yet adopted in EU (continued)

 

Standard

 

Content of change

 

Impact and effective date

Annual Improvements, May 2012

Amendments to IAS 1

Presentation of Financial Statements

  Clarification of the requirements for comparative information.  

The effective date of the improvements is annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013

The Company does not expect the new standard to have a material impact on its future financial statements.

Annual Improvements, May 2012

Amendments to IAS16 Property, Plant and Equipment

  Classification of servicing equipment.  

The effective date of the improvements is annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013

The Company does not expect the new standard to have a material impact on its future financial statements.

Annual Improvements, May 2012

Amendments to IAS34 Interim Financial Reporting

 

Interim financial reporting and segment

information for total assets and

liabilities.

 

The effective date of the improvements is annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013

The Company does not expect the new standard to have a material impact on its future financial statements.

Annual Improvements, May 2012

Amendments to IFRS 1 First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards

 

This improvement clarifies that an entity that stopped applying IFRS in the past and chooses, or is required, to

apply IFRS, has the option to re-apply IFRS 1. If IFRS 1 is not re-applied, an entity must retrospectively restate

its financial statements as if it had never stopped applying IFRS.

 

The effective date of the improvements is annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013

The Company does not expect the new standard to have a material impact on its future financial statements.

 

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QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

2. Principles underlying preparation of consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

2.5. Standards issued by the IASB but not yet effective and not yet adopted in EU (continued)

 

Standard

  

Content of change

  

Impact and effective date

Annual Improvements, May 2012

Amendments to IAS 32 Financial Instruments, Presentation

  

This improvement clarifies that income taxes arising from distributions to equity holders are accounted for in

accordance with IAS 12 Income Taxes.

  

The effective date of the improvements is annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013

The Company does not expect the new standard to have a material impact on its future financial statements.

Management of the Company has not completed the assessment of the impact of Standards and Interpretations not yet effective as of December 31, 2012 on the Company’s accounting policies.

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies

Set out below are the principal accounting policies used to prepare these consolidated financial statements:

 

3.1 Business combinations and goodwill

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method.

The Group has early adopted IFRS 3 Business Combinations (2009) and IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements (2009) for all business combinations occurring in the financial year starting January 1, 2009. All business combinations occurring on or after this date are accounted for by applying the acquisition method.

Control is the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. In assessing control, the Group takes into consideration potential voting rights that currently are exercisable. The acquisition date is the date on which control is transferred to the acquirer. Judgment is applied in determining the acquisition date and determining whether control is transferred from one party to another.

Consideration transferred includes the fair values of the assets transferred, liabilities incurred by the Group to the previous owners of the acquiree, and equity interests issued by the Group. Consideration transferred also includes the fair value of any contingent consideration and share-based payment awards of the acquiree that are replaced mandatorily in the business combination (see below). If a business combination results in the termination of pre-existing relationships between the Group and the acquiree, then the Group identified any amounts that are not part of what the Group and the acquiree exchanged in the business combination. The Group recognizes as part of application the acquisition method only the consideration transferred for the acquiree and the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the exchange for the acquiree.If the business combination is achieved in the stages the acquisition date fair value of the Group’s previously held equity interest in the aquiree is remeasured to fair value at the acquisition date through profit and loss.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.1 Business combinations and goodwill (continued)

 

Any contingent consideration to be transferred by the acquirer will be recognized at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration that is deemed to be an asset or liability will be recognized in accordance with IAS 39 either in profit or loss or as a change to other comprehensive income. If the contingent consideration is classified as equity, it will not be remeasured.

Subsequent settlement is accounted for within equity. In instances where the contingent consideration does not fall within the scope of IAS 39, it is measured in accordance with the appropriate IFRS.

A contingent liability of the acquiree is assumed in a business combination only if such a liability represents a present obligation and arises from a past event, and its fair value can be measured reliably.

The Group measures any non-controlling interest at its proportionate interest in the identifiable net assets of the acquiree.

The Group classifies non-controlling interests in its subsidiaries – limited liability companies (statutory “OOO”s) – as financial liabilities and not as part of equity, as those interests are not considered subordinate to other classes of instruments, in particular to equity instruments of the parent company as participants of those limited liability companies have the right to require the Company to repay their share in net assets. Amounts of such financial liabilities are included in other long-term liabilities. The related effect on net income including transactions with such non-controlling interest is included into other gains or losses. As of December 31, 2012 the amount of non-controlling interest included in other long-term liabilities was nil (2011 – 12,508; 2010 – 25,179) (Note 33).

Transaction costs that the Group incurs in connection with a business combination, such as finder’s fees, legal fees, due diligence fees, and other professional and consulting fees are expensed as incurred (were zero for all periods presented). IAS 27 (Amended) requires that a change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary (without loss of control) is accounted for as a transaction with owners in their capacity as owners. Therefore, such amended standard changes the accounting for losses incurred by the subsidiary as well as the loss of control of a subsidiary.

Goodwill is initially measured at cost being the excess of the cost of the business combination over the Group’s share in the net fair value of the acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities. If this consideration is lower than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognized in profit or loss.

After initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination is, from the acquisition date, allocated to each of the Group’s cash generating units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination, irrespective of whether other assets or liabilities of the acquired are assigned to those units.

Where goodwill forms part of a cash-generating unit and part of the operation within that unit is disposed of, the goodwill associated with the operation disposed of is included in the carrying amount of the operation when determining the gain or loss on disposal of the operation. Goodwill disposed of in this circumstance is measured based on the relative values of the operation disposed of and the portion of the cash-generating unit retained.

 

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QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.2 Investments in associates

The Group’s investment in its associate is accounted for using the equity method. An associate is an entity in which the Group has significant influence.

Under the equity method, the investment in the associate is carried on the statement of financial position at cost plus post acquisition changes in the Group’s share of net assets of the associate. Goodwill relating to the associate is included in the carrying amount of the investment and is neither amortized nor individually tested for impairment.

The income statement reflects the Group’s share of the results of operations of the associate. When there has been a change recognized directly in the equity of the associate, the Group recognizes its share of any changes and discloses this, when applicable, in the statement of changes in equity. Unrealized gains and losses resulting from transactions between the Group and the associate are eliminated to the extent of the interest in the associate.

The Group’s share of profit of an associate is shown on the face of the income statement. This is the profit attributable to equity holders of the associate and, therefore, is profit after tax and non-controlling interests in the subsidiaries of the associate.

The financial statements of the associates are prepared for the same reporting period as the Group. When necessary, adjustments are made to bring the accounting policies in line with those of the Group.

After application of the equity method, the Group determines whether it is necessary to recognize an additional impairment loss on its investment in its associates. The Group determines at each reporting date whether there is any objective evidence that the investment in the associate is impaired. If this is the case, the Group calculates the amount of impairment as the difference between the recoverable amount of an associate and its carrying value and recognizes the amount in the ‘share of profit of an associate’ in the income statement.

Upon loss of significant influence over the associate, the Group measures and recognizes any retaining investment at its fair value. Any difference between the carrying amount of the associate upon loss of significant influence and the fair value of the retained investment and proceeds from disposal is recognized in profit or loss.

 

3.3 Foreign currency translation

The consolidated financial statements are presented in Russian rouble’s (RUB), which is the Company’s functional and the Group’s presentation currency. Each entity in the Group determines its own functional currency, depending on what the underlying economic environment is, and items included in the financial statements of each entity are measured using that functional currency. Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded at the functional currency rate at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are re-measured at the functional currency rate of exchange at the reporting date. All differences are taken to profit or loss. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates as of the dates of the initial transactions.

Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value is determined. The gain or loss arising on retranslation of non-monetary items is treated in line with the recognition of gain or loss on change in fair value of the item (i.e., translation differences on

 

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QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.3 Foreign currency translation (continued)

 

items whose fair value gain or loss is recognized in other comprehensive income or profit or loss is also recognized in other comprehensive income or profit or loss, respectively).

The functional currency of the foreign operations is generally the respective local currency – US Dollar (U.S.$), Euro (€), Dihrams of United Arabic Emirates (AED), Kazakhstan tenge (KZT), Belarusian ruble (BYR), Moldovan leu (MDL), Latvian Lats (LVL), New Romanian leu (RON) and Brazilian real (BRL).

As of the reporting date, the assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated into the presentation currency of the Group (the Russian Ruble) at the rate of exchange at the reporting date and their statements of comprehensive income are translated at the weighted average exchange rates for the year or exchange rates prevailing on the date of specific transactions. The exchange differences arising on the translation are recognized in other comprehensive income. On disposal of a foreign entity, the deferred cumulative amount recognized in equity relating to that particular foreign operation is recognized in the profit or loss.

The exchange rates of the Russian rouble to each respective currency as of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:

 

Exchange rates at December 31

   2010      2011      2012  

US Dollar

     30.4769         32.1961         30.3727   

Euro

     40.3331         41.6714         40.2286   

Dihram of United Arab Emirates (10)

             81.2663         81.2663   

Kazakhstan Tenge (100)

     20.6791         21.6874         20.2107   

Belarus Ruble (10,000)

     10.1556         38.5582         35.3376   

Moldovan Leu (10)

     25.0725         27.5180         25.1014   

Latvian Lats

             59.5893         57.6989   

Ukrainian Hryvnia (10)

     38.2828         40.0549           

Tajikistan Somoni (10)

     69.2248         67.6559           

New Romanian Leu (10)

     93.7895         96.6734         90.8247   

Bulgarian Lev

     20.6218         21.3036           

Chinese Yuan renminbi (10)

     46.1701         51.1106           

Malaysian Ringgit (10)

     86.8969         86.8969           

South African Rand (10)

     46.0154         39.5233           

British Pound

     47.2605         49.6335           

Hong Kong Dollar (10)

     38.4842         38.4842           

Brazilian real

     18.1735         17.2568         14.8631   

Singapore dollar

     23.5798         24.7662           

Argentina peco (10)

     78.7783         78.7783           

Tanzanian shilling (1,000)

             22.2505           

Chilean peso (1,000)

             58.9379           

The currencies listed above are not a fully convertible outside the territories of countries of their operations. Related official exchange rates are determined daily by the Central Bank of Russian Federation (further CB RF). Market rates may differ from the official rates but the differences are, generally, within narrow parameters

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.3 Foreign currency translation (continued)

 

monitored by the respective Central Banks. The translation of assets and liabilities denominated in the currencies listed above into RUB for the purposes of these financial statements does not indicate that the Group could realize or settle, in RUB, the reported values of these assets and liabilities. Likewise, it does not indicate that the Group could return or distribute the reported RUB value of capital and retained earnings to its shareholders.

Convenience Translation

Translations of amounts from RUB into U.S.$ for the convenience of the reader (presented as supplementary information) have been made at the exchange rate of RUB 30.3727 to U.S.$1.00, the official exchange rate quoted by the CB RF as of December 31, 2012. No representation is made that the RUB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at such rate.

 

3.4 Property and equipment

 

3.4.1 Cost of property and equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment in value. Interest costs on borrowings to finance the construction of qualifying property and equipment are capitalized, during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use (none capitalized as of or during the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010). Expenditures for continuing repairs and maintenance are charged to the profit or loss as incurred.

 

3.4.2 Depreciation and useful lives

Depreciation is calculated on property and equipment on a straight-line basis from the time the assets are available for use, over their estimated useful lives as follows:

 

Bank equipment

     3-20 years   

Processing servers equipment

     3-7 years   

Computers and office equipment

     3-5 years   

Other equipment

     2-5 years   

The asset’s residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted as appropriate, at each financial year-end.

 

3.5 Intangible assets

 

3.5.1 Software and other intangible assets

Software and other intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. The cost of other intangible assets acquired in a business combination is their fair value as of the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.5 Intangible assets (continued)

 

3.5.1 Software and other intangible assets (continued)

 

Following initial recognition of the development expenditure as an asset, the cost model is applied requiring the asset to be carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Amortization of the asset begins when development is complete and the asset is available for use. It is amortized over the period of expected future benefit, generally 3 – 5 years. During the period of development, the asset is tested for impairment annually.

 

3.5.2 Software development costs

Development expenditure on an individual project is recognized as an intangible asset when the Group can demonstrate the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale, its intention to complete and its ability to use or sell the asset, how the asset will generate future economic benefits, the availability of resources to complete the asset and the ability to measure reliably the expenditure during development.

 

3.5.3 Useful life and amortization of intangible assets

The Group assesses whether the useful life of an intangible asset is finite or indefinite and, if finite, the length of that useful life. An intangible asset is regarded by the entity as having an indefinite useful life when, based on an analysis of all of the relevant factors, there is no foreseeable limit to the period over which the asset is expected to generate net cash inflows for the entity.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over the useful economic lives and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. Below is the summary of useful lives of intangible assets:

 

Customer base (agents collecting cash from ultimate customers)

     4 years   

Software

     3-6 years   

Licenses

     3-5 years   

Bank license

     indefinite   

Trademarks and other rights

     3-5 years   

Amortization periods and methods for intangible assets with finite useful lives are reviewed at least at each financial year-end. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are accounted for by changing the amortization period or method, as appropriate, and treated as changes in accounting estimates.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. Indefinite-lived intangible assets include the acquired banking license with a carrying value of 183,076 as of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010. It is considered indefinite-lived as the related license is expected to be renewed indefinitely.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.5 Intangible assets (continued)

 

3.5.3 Useful life and amortization of intangible assets (continued)

 

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized in the income statement when the asset is derecognized.

 

3.6 Impairment of non-financial assets

The Group assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Group estimates the asset’s recoverable amount. An asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s or cash-generating unit’s fair value less costs to sell and its value in use and is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs to sell, an appropriate valuation model is used.

These calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples, quoted share prices for publicly traded subsidiaries, if applicable, or other available fair value indicators.

The Group bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations, which are prepared separately for each of the Group’s cash generating units, or CGUs, to which the individual assets are allocated. These budgets and forecast calculations generally cover a period of five years or longer, when management considers appropriate. For longer periods, a long-term growth rate is calculated and applied to project future cash flows after the last year.

Impairment losses of continuing operations are recognized in profit or loss in those expense categories consistent with the function of the impaired asset.

For assets excluding goodwill, an assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the Group makes an estimate of recoverable amount. A previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. If that is the case, the carrying amount of the asset is increased to its recoverable amount.

That increased amount cannot exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognized in profit or loss. The following criteria are also applied in assessing impairment of specific assets:

Goodwill

Goodwill is tested for impairment annually and when circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired. Impairment is determined for goodwill by assessing the recoverable amount of the cash-generating

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.6 Impairment of non-financial assets (continued)

 

Goodwill (continued)

 

units, to which the goodwill relates. Where the recoverable amount of the cash-generating units is less than their carrying amount an impairment loss is recognized. Impairment losses relating to goodwill cannot be reversed in future periods. The Group performs its annual impairment test of goodwill as of December 31.

Intangible assets

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment annually as of December 31, either individually or at the cash generating unit level, as appropriate and whenever events and circumstances indicate that an asset may be impaired.

 

3.7 Financial assets

 

3.7.1 Initial recognition and measurement

Financial assets within the scope of IAS 39 are classified as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, loans and receivables, held-to-maturity investments, or available-for-sale financial assets, as appropriate. When financial assets are recognized initially, they are measured at fair value, plus, in the case of investments not at fair value through profit or loss, directly attributable transaction costs. The Group determines the classification of its financial assets on initial recognition and, where allowed and appropriate, re-evaluates this designation at each financial year-end. All regular way purchases and sales of financial assets are recognized on the trade date, which is the date that the Group commits to purchase the asset. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within the period generally established by regulation or convention in the marketplace.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss include financial assets held for trading and financial assets designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss. Financial assets are classified as held for trading if they are acquired for the purpose of selling or repurchasing in the near term.

Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss are carried in the statement of financial position at fair value with net changes in fair value recognized in “change in fair value of derivative financial assets”, “other gains” or “other losses” in the income statement.

Financial assets designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit and loss are designated at their initial recognition date and only if the criteria under IAS 39 are satisfied.

Loans and receivables

Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. After initial measurement, loans and receivables are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method less any allowance for impairment. Gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss when the loans and receivables are derecognized or impaired, as well as through the amortization process.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.7 Financial assets (continued)

 

3.7.1 Initial recognition and measurement (continued)

 

Debt instruments

Debt instruments financial investments are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments and fixed maturities, which the Group has the intention and ability to hold to maturity. After initial measurement, held-to-maturity financial investments are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR, less impairment.

If the Group were to sell or reclassify more than an insignificant amount of debt instruments before maturity (other than in certain specific circumstances), the entire category would be tainted and would have to be reclassified as available-for-sale. Furthermore, the Group would be prohibited from classifying any financial asset as held to maturity during the following two years.

Due from banks and loans and advances to customers

‘Due from banks’ and ‘Loans and advances to customers’, include non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market, other than:

 

   

Those that the Group intends to sell immediately or in the near term and those that the Group upon initial recognition designates at fair value through profit or loss;

 

   

Those that the Group, upon initial recognition, designates as available for sale; or

 

   

Those for which the Group may not recover substantially all of its initial investment, other than because of credit deterioration.

After initial measurement, amounts ‘Due from banks’ and ‘Loans and advances to customers’ are subsequently measured at amortized cost, less allowance for impairment.

Where the loan, on drawdown, is expected to be retained by the Group, and not sold in the short term, the commitment is recorded only when the commitment is an onerous contract and it is likely to give rise to a loss (for example, due to a counterparty credit event).

Amortized cost

Held-to-maturity investments, due from banks and loans and advances to customers and debt issued, other borrowed funds and loans and receivables are measured at amortized cost. This is computed using the effective interest (“EIR”) method less any allowance for impairment. Amortized cost is calculated taking into account any premium or discount on acquisition and includes transaction costs and fees that are an integral part of the effective interest rate. The EIR amortization is included in interest income in the income statement. The losses arising from impairment are recognized in the income statement in finance costs for loans and in cost of sales or other operating expenses for receivables.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.7 Financial assets (continued)

 

3.7.2 Impairment and derecognition of financial assets

Impairment

The Group assesses at each reporting date whether a financial asset or group of financial assets is impaired.

Assets carried at amortized cost

For financial assets carried at amortized cost (such as loans and receivables, amounts due from banks, loans and advances to customers as well as held–to–maturity investments), the Group first assesses individually whether objective evidence of impairment exists for financial assets that are individually significant, or collectively for financial assets that are not individually significant. If the Group determines that no objective evidence of impairment exists for an individually assessed financial asset, it includes the asset in a group of financial assets with similar credit risk characteristics and collectively assesses them for impairment. Assets that are individually assessed for impairment and for which an impairment loss is, or continues to be, recognized are not included in a collective assessment of impairment.

If there is objective evidence that an impairment loss on assets carried at amortized cost has been incurred, the amount of the loss is measured as the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows (excluding future expected credit losses that have not been incurred) discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate (i.e. the effective interest rate computed at initial recognition). The carrying amount of the asset is reduced through use of an allowance account. The amount of the loss is recognized in profit or loss.

If, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment was recognized, the previously recognized impairment loss is reversed, to the extent that the carrying value of the asset does not exceed its amortized cost at the reversal date. Any subsequent reversal of an impairment loss is recognized in profit or loss.

In relation to trade receivables, a provision for impairment is made when there is objective evidence (such as the probability of insolvency or significant financial difficulties of the debtor) that the Group will not be able to collect all of the amounts due under the original terms of the invoice. The carrying amount of the receivable is reduced through use of an allowance account. Impaired debts are derecognized when they are assessed as uncollectible.

Derecognition

A financial asset (or, where applicable a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is derecognized when:

 

   

The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired

 

   

The Group has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ‘pass-through’ arrangement; and either (a) the Group has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Group has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.7 Financial assets (continued)

 

3.7.2 Impairment and derecognition of financial assets (continued)

 

Derecognition (continued)

When the Group has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, and has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset nor transferred control of the asset, the asset is recognized to the extent of the Group’s continuing involvement in the asset.

In that case, the Group also recognizes an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Group has retained.

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Group could be required to repay.

 

3.8 Financial liabilities

 

3.8.1 Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities within the scope of IAS 39 are classified as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge, as appropriate. The Group determines the classification of its financial liabilities at initial recognition.

Financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value less, in the case of loans and borrowings, directly attributable transaction costs.

The Group’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables, bank overdraft, loans and borrowings.

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification as follows:

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss includes financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss.

Financial liabilities are classified as held for trading if they are acquired for the purpose of selling in the near term. This category includes derivative financial instruments entered into by the Group that do not meet the hedge accounting criteria as defined by IAS 39.

Gains or losses on liabilities held for trading are recognized in profit or loss.

The Group has not designated any financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.8 Financial liabilities (continued)

 

3.8.1 Initial recognition and measurement (continued)

 

Loans and borrowings

After initial recognition, interest bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method.

Gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the amortization process.

 

3.8.2 Derecognition of financial liabilities

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. Where an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as a derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability, and the difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in profit or loss.

 

3.8.3 Offsetting financial assets and liabilities

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the consolidated statement of financial position if, and only if:

 

   

There is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts; and

 

   

There is an intention to settle on a net basis, or to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

 

3.9 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash comprises cash at banks and in hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less. All these items are included as a component of cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of the statement of financial position and statement of cash flows.

 

3.10 Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value.

Costs incurred in bringing each product to its present location and condition are accounted for as follows:

 

Raw materials

   purchase cost on a first in, first out basis.

Finished goods and work in progress

   purchase cost on a first in, first out basis.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

 

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QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.11 Employee benefits

 

3.11.1 Current employment benefits

Wages and salaries paid to employees are recognized as expenses in the current period. The Group also accrues expenses for future vacation payments.

 

3.11.2 Unified social tax

Under provisions of the Russian legislation, social contributions are made through a unified social tax (“UST”) calculated by the Group by the application of a regressive rate (2012: from 34% to 10%; 2011 and 2010: from 34% to 0%) to the annual gross remuneration of each employee.

 

3.12 Provisions

Provisions are recognized when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate of the amount can be made. Where the Group expects a provision to be reimbursed, for example under an insurance contract, the reimbursement is recognized as a separate asset but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain.

If the effect of discounting is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected value of future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as an interest expense.

 

3.13 Special contribution for defence of the Republic of Cyprus

Companies that do not distribute 70% of their profits after tax, as defined by the relevant tax law, within two years after the end of the relevant tax year, are deemed to have distributed as dividends 70% of these profits. A special contribution for defence of the Republic of Cyprus is levied at the 20% rate for the tax years 2012 and 2013 and at the 17% rate for 2014 and thereafter (in 2011 the rate was 15% up to August 30, 2011 and 17% thereafter) will be payable on such deemed dividends distribution. Profits that are attributable to shareholders who are not tax resident of Cyprus and own shares in the Company either directly and / or indirectly at the end of two years from the end of the tax year to which the profits relate, are exempted. The amount of deemed distribution is reduced by any actual dividends paid out of the profits of the relevant year at any time. This special contribution for defence is payable by the Company for the account of the shareholders.

 

3.14 Income taxes

Current income tax

Current income tax assets and liabilities for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date.

 

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QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.14 Income taxes (continued)

 

Current income tax relating to items recognized in other comprehensive income is recognized in other comprehensive income.

Deferred income tax

Deferred tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is not recognized for the following temporary differences: the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss, and differences relating to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future. In addition, deferred tax is not recognized for taxable temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill. Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, based on the laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax liabilities and assets, and they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on different tax entities, but they intend to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or their tax assets and liabilities will be realized simultaneously.

A deferred tax asset is recognized for unused tax losses, tax credits and deductible temporary differences, to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.

 

3.15 Revenue and certain expenses recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Group and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenues and related cost of sales from services are recognized in the period when services are rendered, regardless of when payment is made.

Payment processing fee revenues and related transaction costs

The Group earns a fee for processing payments initiated by the ultimate customers (“consumers”) to pay to merchants and service providers (“merchants”). Payment processing fees are earned from consumers or merchants, or both. Consumers can make payments to various merchants through kiosks or through the Group’s website or applications using a unique user login and password (e-payments). Payment kiosks are owned by third parties – cash collection agents (“agents”). When consumer payments are made, the Group incurs payment costs to acquire payments payable to agents, mobile operators, international payment systems and other parties. The payment processing fee revenues and related receivable, as well as the transaction cost and the related payable, are recognized at the point when merchants accept payments from consumers in the gross amount, including fees payable for payment acquisition. Payment processing fees and transaction costs are reported gross, except for the consumer fees on payments collected through payment kiosks, which is recorded in the net amount receivable from the agents – owners of kiosks.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.15 Revenue and certain expenses recognition (continued)

 

Revenue from advertising and advertising commissions

Advertising revenues are fixed pursuant to contracts with customers, generally advertising agencies, and are recognized monthly based on agreed amount of advertising that were displayed on electronic payment kiosks owned by agents in fixed by agreement period. Revenue from customers and commissions payable to agents for the use of kiosks is recognized gross.

In 2012 the Group started to generate revenues from advertising through Short Message Service (SMS) through delivery of advertising messages to the Group’s consumers together with an SMS confirmation of payment made. The Group enters into agreements with advertising agencies and recognizes advertising revenue based on the number of SMSs delivered to end consumers at the time of delivery of the respective SMS. The Group concluded that it needs to report these SMS advertising revenues gross of related SMS expenses. The conclusion is based on the fact that the Group acts a principal in the transaction, because it is ultimately responsible for the delivery of service, has discretion over a choice of SMS delivery channel, determines the price and bears credit risk.

Interest revenue from agents’ overdrafts

The Group charges interest on overdrafts to agents and includes them in revenue. Related revenues are recognized using the effective interest rate (EIR) method by applying the contractually agreed interest rates to the actual daily amounts outstanding balance of overdrafts.

Revenue and cost from rent of space for kiosks

Revenue from rent of space for kiosks represents revenues received from agents for sublease of space rented from retail shops for installation of the agents’ payment kiosks. Cost of rent of space for kiosks represents payments to retail shops.

The agreements for the lease of space for kiosks from the retail shops and the agreements for the sublease of space for kiosks with the agents are based on a fixed monthly lease fee per one kiosk space. Therefore both lease revenue and cost from rent of space for kiosks are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term for each kiosk space. Total revenue and expense for a reporting period is equal to the number of spaces leased multiplied by the applicable lease revenue and cost per single space.

Interest revenue

For all financial instruments measured at amortized cost, interest bearing financial assets classified as available for sale and financial instruments designated at fair value through profit or loss, interest income or expense is recorded using the EIR. The carrying amount of the financial asset or financial liability is adjusted if the Group revises its estimates of payments or receipts. Once the recorded value of a financial asset or a group of similar financial assets has been reduced due to an impairment loss, interest income continues to be recognized using the rate of interest used to discount the future cash flows for the purpose of measuring the impairment loss. Interest income from bank loans and short- and long- term investments performed as part of the Group’s treasury function is classified as part of revenues, Interest income derived from loans issued to various 3rd and related parties as part of other arrangements is classified as interest income.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.15 Revenue and certain expenses recognition (continued)

 

Cash and settlement services

The Group charges a fee for managing cash and deposits, including guarantee deposits from agents placed with the bank to cover consumer payments they accept. Related revenue is recorded as services are rendered or as transactions are processed.

 

3.16 Share-based payments

Employees of the Group receive remuneration in the form of share-based payments, whereby employees render services as consideration for equity instruments (equity-settled transactions).

The cost of equity-settled transactions is recognized, together with a corresponding increase in other reserves in equity, over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled. The cumulative expense recognized for equity-settled transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period has expired and the Group’s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The income statement expense or credit for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognized as at the beginning and end of that period and is recognized in payroll expense.

No expense is recognized for awards that do not ultimately vest, except for equity-settled transactions for which vesting is conditional upon a market or non-vesting condition. These are treated as vesting irrespective of whether or not the market or non-vesting condition is satisfied, provided that all other performance and/or service conditions are satisfied.

When the terms of an equity-settled award are modified, the minimum expense recognized is the expense that would have been incurred had the terms not been modified, if the original terms of the award are met. An additional expense is recognized for any modification that increases the total fair value of the share-based payment transaction, or is otherwise beneficial to the employee as measured at the date of modification.

When an equity-settled award is cancelled, it is treated as if it vested on the date of cancellation, and any expense not yet recognized for the award is recognized immediately. This includes any award where non-vesting conditions within the control of either the entity or the employee are not met. However, if a new award is substituted for the cancelled award, and designated as a replacement award on the date that it is granted, the cancelled and new awards are treated as if they were a modification of the original award, as described in previous paragraph.

The dilutive effect of outstanding options is reflected as additional share dilution in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

The option awards that are outstanding at December 31, 2012 can only be settled in shares, which is why they are accounted for as equity-settled transactions. If awards can be settled in cash or shares at the election of the option holders, such awards are treated as liability awards.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued)

 

3.17 Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as part of the cost of the respective assets. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds. The Group does not capitalize borrowing costs due to immateriality.

 

3.18 Leases

The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at inception date, whether fulfillment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets or the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.

Group as a lessee

Operating lease payments are recognized as an operating expense in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Group as a lessor

Leases in which the Group does not transfer substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognized over the lease term on the same basis as rental income. Contingent rents are recognized as revenue in the period in which they are earned.

 

3.19 Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amounts will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when the sale is highly probable and the asset or disposal group is available for immediate sale in its present condition. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.

In the statement of comprehensive income, income and expenses from discontinued operations are reported separately from income and expenses from continuing operations, down to the level of profit after taxes, even when the Group retains a non-controlling interest in the subsidiary after the sale. The resulting profit or loss (after taxes) is reported separately in the statement of comprehensive income.

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets once classified as held for sale are not depreciated or amortized.

 

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QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

4. Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the reporting dates and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. However, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of the asset or liability affected in future periods.

Significant judgments:

Revenue recognition

The Group exercised significant judgment in reaching a conclusion about its accounting policy for gross versus net reporting of payment processing fee revenues and related transaction costs. In particular, there are two major sources of payment processing fee revenues:

 

   

Payment processing fees charged to consumers on payments collected through agents, mobile operators and other payment methods; and

 

   

Payment processing fees charged to merchants.

Either one of the two types of payment processing fees above, or in some cases, both payment processing fees apply to a single consumer payment. Transaction costs relate to acquisition of payments by agents, mobile operators, international payment systems and some other parties, and the applicable fees, generally determined as a percentage of consumer payment, for each specific payment channel are on terms similar to those available to other market participants.

A merchant’s payment processing fee, when it is charged, is recorded gross of related transaction costs, because the Group (i) is the primary obligor as it undertakes to transfer the consumer payment to the merchant using its payment processing system; (ii) it negotiates and ultimately sets the fee receivable from a merchant, generally as a percentage of payments; and (iii) it bears credit risk in most of the cases, unless the payment is made from a deposit made with the Group.

A consumer payment processing fee, when it is charged on payments made by consumers through payment kiosks, is reported net of any transaction costs payable to or retained by agents. This is because, although the Group is the primary obligor, it does not have any discretion over the ultimate payment processing fee set by the agent as a kiosk owner to the consumer, does not have readily available information about gross fee, and is only exposed to the net amount of fee receivable from agents.

A consumer payment processing fee revenue collected through mobile operators and other payment methods is reported gross of related transaction costs. Such payments are made by consumers through the Group’s website or an application using a unique user login and password, and are called e-payments. In contrast with the consumer payment processing fee revenue collected through payment kiosks, the Group, being a primary obligor in e-payment transactions, also sets the consumer’s payment processing fee, generally as a percentage of payment, although credit risk for these transactions is limited. Thus, the Group concluded that its ability to control the consumer payment processing fee for e-payments is a key differentiator from the consumer payment processing fees on payments collected through payment kiosks.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

4. Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions (continued)

 

Revenue recognition (continued)

 

The total amounts of transaction costs reported gross for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 are 4,420,460, 4,446,945 and 3,156,378 respectively, including the transaction costs for e-payments of 659,704, 312,687 and 46,771 respectively.

Classification of certain disposal as discontinued operations

As part of the restructuring plan of the Group, on June 30, 2012, the Group’s Board of Directors and shareholders approved a single coordinated plan to dispose of its non-core businesses as described in Note 8. The Group exercised significant judgment in determining whether these disposal groups meet the criteria for classification as discontinued operations, in particular, related to determining whether they, individually and in the aggregate, represent a separate major line of business or a geographical area of operations. Management concluded that the disposal of the above CGUs meets the definition of classification as discontinued operations based on the following judgments:

 

   

Assets and liabilities of all businesses meet the definition to be classified as held for sale as of June 30, 2012;

 

   

The Group approved a single coordinated plan to dispose of its non-core businesses, as part of the restructuring undertaken before the IPO and to be executed simultaneously for all businesses to be disposed within a short period of time;

 

   

The Group concluded that it was appropriate to aggregate all the early-stage international businesses operating QD business in countries other than the former Soviet Union (“non-CIS international QD start-ups”) as one major geographical area of operations because they were managed together and represent majority of non-CIS operations of QD segment, and the continuing non-CIS operations are immaterial individually and in relation to the disposed businesses.

In determining whether the disposal groups meet the criteria for classification as discontinued operation, the Group considered as major those disposed lines of business or geographical areas of operations that represented more than 5% of related segment or consolidated total revenues or net income (losses).

Functional currency

Each entity in the Group determines its own functional currency, depending on the economic environment it operates in, and items included in the financial statements of each entity are measured using that functional currency.

Significant estimates and assumptions

Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in the Company’s financial statements include, but are not limited to:

 

   

Useful lives of property and equipment and of intangible assets,

 

   

Fair values of assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations,

 

   

Impairment of intangible assets and goodwill,

 

   

Deferred tax assets,

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

4. Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions (continued)

 

Significant estimates and assumptions (continued)

 

   

Impairment of loans and receivables,

 

   

Share-based payments.

Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. The key assumptions concerning the future events and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date that have a significant risk of a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below:

Useful life of property and equipment

The Group assesses the remaining useful lives of items of property and equipment at least at each financial year-end. If expectations differ from previous estimates, the changes are accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate in accordance with IAS 8 “Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors”. These estimates may have a material impact on the amount of the carrying values of property and equipment and on depreciation recognized in profit or loss.

Useful life of intangible assets

The Group assesses remaining useful lives of intangible assets at each reporting date. If expectations differ from previous estimates, the changes are accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate in accordance with IAS 8 “Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors”. These estimates may have a material impact on the amount of the carrying values of intangible assets and on the amount of amortization expenses recognized in profit or loss.

Software and trade mark:

The Group has revised the useful life of e-port software and trade mark for the period 2012, 2011 and 2010. The effect of software useful lives changes was nil in 2012 (2011 – a gain amounting to 17,053; 2010 – a gain amounting to 25,580). These changes were mainly driven by the revision of the Group’s plans of merger of ZAO e-port and ZAO OSMP, including the merger of the brand and the processing system, which were significantly revised in 2011 and 2010.

Fair Values of assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations

The Group recognizes separately, at the acquisition date, the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities acquired or assumed in the business combination at their fair values, which involves estimates. Such estimates are based on valuation techniques, which require considerable judgment in forecasting future cash flows and developing other assumptions. When the amounts of fair values are significant, the Group hires 3rd party appraisers to assist it in determining the related fair values.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

4. Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions (continued)

 

Impairment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets

In order to determine whether the goodwill and Indefinite-lived intangible assets are impaired, it is necessary to estimate the value in use of the cash-generating units to which the goodwill and Indefinite-lived intangible assets are allocated. Estimating the value in use requires the Group to make an estimate of the expected future cash flows from the cash-generating unit and to choose a suitable discount rate in order to calculate the present value of those cash flows, and hence such estimates are subject to uncertainty. See also Note 13 below for details.

Deferred tax assets

The utilization of deferred tax assets will depend on whether it is possible to generate sufficient taxable income against which the deductible temporary differences can be utilized. Various factors are used to assess the probability of the future utilization of deferred tax assets, including past operating results, operational plans, expiration of tax losses carried forward, and tax planning strategies. The carrying amounts of deferred tax assets were 101,805 as of December 31, 2012 (2011 – 98,437; 2010 – 108,480) net of allowance of 6,877 which was recorded as of December 31, 2012 (2011 – 56,524; 2010 – 13,324) to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets to the recoverable amounts.

The allowance relates to deferred tax assets which were not recorded because the Group does not expect to realize certain of its tax loss carry forwards in the foreseeable future due to history of losses. Further details on deferred taxes are disclosed in Note 29.

Impairment of loans and receivables

Management maintains an impairment of loans and receivables to account for estimated losses resulting from the inability of customers to make required payments. When evaluating the adequacy of an impairment of loans and receivables, management bases its estimates on the aging of accounts receivable balances and loans and historical write-off experience, customer credit worthiness and changes in customer payment terms. If the financial condition of customers were to deteriorate, actual write-offs might be higher than expected.

As of December 31, 2012, the impairment of loans and receivables was recorded amounting to 385,111 (2011 –257,668; 2010 – 186,215).

Share-based payments

Management estimates the fair value of stock options at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton pricing model. The option pricing models were originally developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options, which have different characteristics than the stock options granted by the Company and its subsidiaries and associates. The models are also sensitive to changes in the subjective assumptions, which can materially affect the fair value estimate. These subjective assumptions include the expected life of the options, expected volatility, risk-free interest rates, expected dividend yield, the fair value of the underlying shares. The amount of

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

4. Significant accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions (continued)

 

Share-based payments (continued)

 

expense is also sensitive to the number of awards, which are expected to vest, taking into account estimated forfeitures. Below is the discussion of each of these estimates:

Expected life of the option

The Company did not have any option grants in the past, and does not have sufficient history to determine the time the option holders will hold the shares. Therefore, the Company used the expected term as the average between the vesting and contractual term of each option tranche.

Expected volatility

Since the Company’s shares are not publicly traded, the expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of peer group companies over a period which approximates the expected life of option tranches.

Risk-free interest rates are based on the implied yield currently available in the US treasury bonds with a remaining term approximating the expected life of the option award being valued.

Expected dividend yield

Since the Group has no plans to pay significant cash dividends in the near term (except those disclosed in Note 28), the Group used an expected dividend yield of zero in its option pricing model for option awards granted in the year ended December 31, 2012.

Fair value of the underlying shares

Since the Company’s shares are not publicly traded, the fair value of the underlying shares was estimated on the basis of valuations of the Group arrived at by employing the “income approach” (discounted cash flows, or DCF) and the “market approach” valuation methodologies.

Estimated forfeitures

Low attrition rate among key personnel and management and lack of history resulted in an estimated forfeiture rate of zero. If, in future, the actual forfeiture rate is higher, the actual amount of related expense will become lower.

 

5. Acquisitions of shares in subsidiaries

 

5.1 Acquisitions in 2012

In 2012 no material acquisitions took place, other than acquisitions of associates as disclosed in Note 7.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

5. Acquisitions of shares in subsidiaries (continued)

 

5.2 Acquisitions in 2011

Freshpay IT solutions PVl Ltd

On February 9, 2011, Akhron Finance Ltd., the Group’s subsidiary, acquired 100% of Freshpay IT solutions PVl Ltd (“Freshpay”). Freshpay operates an electronic online payment system in India.

 

Purchase consideration (cash paid)

     25,197   
  

 

 

 

Total purchase consideration transferred

     25,197   
  

 

 

 

The fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities as of the date of acquisition was:

 

     Carrying amount     Fair
value
 

Net assets acquired:

    

Property and equipment

     2,276        2,276   

Accounts receivable

     3,009        3,009   

Cash and cash equivalents

     9,257        9,257   

Accounts payable

     (1,889     (1,889

Other current liabilities

     (96     (96
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total identifiable net assets

     12,557        12,557   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Company’s share in acquired net assets (100%)

     12,557        12,557   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Goodwill arising on acquisition

       12,640   
    

 

 

 

The goodwill in the amount of 12,640 relates to future growth of acquired business and potential synergies with existing operations.

Following the acquisition of 100% ownership in Freshpay, on June 25, 2011 the Group decided to attract a local partner and sold to it a 25%, but retained control over Freshpay. Further, on December 25, 2011, to attract an additional local partner in this business, the Group disposed of an additional 25% of Freshpay, which resulted in a loss of control over the subsidiary. The above transactions were not contemplated on acquisition and were not linked to one another. The transaction was accounted for as an acquisition of an associate and a de-consolidation of a subsidiary, and resulted in a 31,577 gain recorded on disposal, which is calculated as follows:

 

Fair value of the investment in Freshpay (retained interest 50%) (Note 7)

     20,847   

Cash consideration

     11,238   

over:

  

Carrying value of the interest in Freshpay, incl:

     (508

Derecognized carrying amount of net assets (including Goodwill)

     (3,933

Derecognized carrying amount of non-controlling interest

     3,425   
  

 

 

 

Gain from disposal of Freshpay

     31,577   
  

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

5. Acquisitions of shares in subsidiaries (continued)

 

5.2 Acquisitions in 2011 (continued)

 

Freshpay IT solutions PVl Ltd (continued)

 

Upon loss of control in Freshpay, the Group recognized a gain resulting from remeasurement of carrying value of interest in Freshpay to fair value recorded as part of ‘Gain from disposal of subsidiaries’ in the statement of comprehensive income.

Gain from disposal of other subsidiaries comprises 8,282. Total amount of gain from disposal of subsidiaries for 2011 is equal to 39,859, of which 32,835 is included in gain or loss from discontinued operations (Note 8)

Management allocated the fair value of consideration for 50% interest in Freshpay to the Group’s share of Freshpay’s assets and liabilities as follows:

 

     Fair value  

Intangible assets

     9,273   

Fixed assets

     655   

Accounts receivable

     2,913   

Cash and cash equivalents

     5,750   

Other current assets

     2,789   

Other current liabilities

     (29,543

Other non-current liabilities

     (82
  

 

 

 

Total share in net assets

     (8,245
  

 

 

 

Goodwill as part of equity method investment

     29,092   
  

 

 

 

From the date of acquisition until the date control was lost, Freshpay contributed 6,075 revenue and 35,875 net losses to the Group for 2011. If the combination had taken place at the beginning of 2011, Freshpay’s revenue would have been 6,161 and its net losses would have been 29,150.

Instant Payments LLP

On December 23, 2011 ZAO Ob’edinennya Sistema Momentalnykh Platezhey, the Group’s subsidiary, acquired 60% of Instant Payments LLP (“Instant Payments”) for a cash consideration of 6, and realized a gain on bargain purchase in the amount of 14,765 relating to favorable terms negotiated with a related party, a member of the Company’s key management. Instant Payments operates an electronic online payment system in Kazakhstan, and compliments the Group’s existing business in this country through provision of services to certain key local merchants. The Group’s share in net assets of the acquired subsidiary was not material for further disclosure. From the date of acquisition through December 31, 2011 Instant Payments contributed immaterial amounts of revenue and net losses.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

5. Acquisitions of shares in subsidiaries (continued)

 

5.2 Acquisitions in 2011 (continued)

 

Other acquisitions and disposals

During 2011 total acquisition, including other individually insignificant subsidiaries, are presented below:

 

     Cash consideration paid      Less cash acquired     Net cash acquired
with the subsidiary
 

Freshpay

     25,197         (9,257     15,940   

Other subsidiaries

     1,370         (5,355     (3,985
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     26,567         (14,612     11,955   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

In 2011 the Group acquired 51% in QIWI Chile S.A., 100% in TOB Finance Company OMP, 49.5% in ITBillion LLC, 100% in ZAO OSMP (Russia), and 51% in OOO Izobilie, all for an aggregate consideration of 1,370. Share in ITBillion LLC was increased from 1% (purchased in 2010) to 50,5%. It also sold 100% share in ZAO AVTOKARD-Holding for 8 and 100% of share in OOO Eksimarket for 20.

 

5.3 Acquisitions in 2010

ZAO “QIWI Bank”

On September 24, 2010 ZAO “Ob’edinennya Sistema Momentalnykh Platezhey”, the Group’s subsidiary, acquired 100% of ZAO “QIWI Bank” (further QIWI Bank). The main activities of QIWI Bank are banking services to payment systems and other banks, with primary focus on supporting the entities of the Group. Prior to the acquisition date QIWI Bank was a related party – since it was an entity controlled by the shareholders of the Group.

 

Purchase consideration (cash paid)

     629,000   
  

 

 

 

Total purchase consideration transferred

     629,000   
  

 

 

 

 

F-41


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

5. Acquisitions of shares in subsidiaries (continued)

 

5.3 Acquisitions in 2010 (continued)

 

ZAO “QIWI Bank” (continued)

 

The fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities as of the date of acquisition were:

 

     Carrying amount     Fair value  

Net assets acquired:

    

Property and equipment

     29,060        29,060   

Intangible assets

     36,562        254,009   

Other non-current assets

     10,730        10,730   

Accounts receivable

     44,068        44,068   

Cash and cash equivalents

     2,582,607        2,582,607   

Other current assets

     158,731        158,731   

Deferred tax liability

            (43,489

Amounts due to customers and amounts due to banks

     (2,464,108     (2,464,108

Other liabilities

     (43,348     (43,348
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total identifiable net assets

     354,302        528,260   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Company’s share in acquired net assets (100%)

     354,302        528,260   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Goodwill arising on acquisition

       100,740   
    

 

 

 

Goodwill in the amount of 100,740 relates to potential synergies with the existing operations and was allocated to Visa QIWI Wallet segment. The Group assigned intangible assets amounting 254,009 to bank license and bank software. As of September 24, 2010 QIWI Bank had accounts receivable, gross in amount of 59,991 that were impaired by 15,923.

From the date of acquisition through December 31, 2010, QIWI Bank contributed 184,321 revenue and 10,750 net loss of the Group. If the combination had taken place at the beginning of 2010, the Group’s revenue from would have been 6,491,316 and its net profit from continuing operations would have been 622,803.

During 2010 total acquisitions, including other individually insignificant subsidiaries, are presented below:

 

     Cash
consideration
paid
     Less cash
acquired
    Effect of elimination of cash
held by the Company with
QIWI Bank
     Net cash
acquired with
the subsidiary
 

QIWI Bank

     629,000         (2,582,607     1,819,933         (133,674

Other subsidiaries

     1,998         (710     —           1,288   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     630,998         (2,583,317     1,819,933         (132,386
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F-42


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

5. Acquisitions of shares in subsidiaries (continued)

 

5.3 Acquisitions in 2010 (continued)

 

Other acquisitions and disposals

In 2010 the Group acquired a 51% interest in Kingstown Investments Ltd for consideration of 1,998, Kingstown Investments Ltd owns a 51% interest in QIWI Argentina S.A. The Group’s effective indirect interest is 26%. The Group also disposed of 50% in OOO OSMP Gruzia for consideration of 21,754.

 

6. Consolidated subsidiaries

The consolidated IFRS financial statements include the assets, liabilities and financial results of the Company and its subsidiaries. The subsidiaries are listed below:

 

          Ownership interest  

Subsidiary

  

Main Activity

  As of
December 31,
2010
    As of
December 31,
2011
    As of
December 31,
2012
 

ZAO Ob’edinennya Sistema Momentalnykh Platezhey (Russia)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks     100     100     100

ZAO QIWI-Service (former ZAO OSMP) (Russia)

   Corporate center of the Group            100     100

ZAO QIWI Bank (Russia)

   Maintenance of electronic payment systems     100     100     100

OOO QIWI Wallet (Russia)

   Operation of on-line payments     100     100     100

QIWI Payment Services Provider Ltd (UAE)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks            100     100

QIWI International Payment System LLC (USA)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks            100     100

TOO OSMP (Kazakhstan)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks     75     100     100

SOOO OSMP BEL (Belarus)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks     51     51     51

SP OOO OSMP-M (Moldova)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks     51     51     51

RO SRL United System of Instant Payments Ltd (Romania)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks     51     51     51

IT Billion LLC (USA)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks            50.5     50.5

QIWI USA LLC (USA)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks            50.5     50.5

QIWI WALLET EUROPE SIA (Latvia)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks                   100

 

F-43


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

6. Consolidated subsidiaries (continued)

 

           Ownership interest  

Subsidiary

  

Main Activity

   As of
December 31,
2010
    As of
December 31,
2011
    As of
December 31,
2012
 

OOO Management Company QIWI (Russia)

   Auxiliary services      99     100       

Master Loto Ltd (Cyprus)

   Sales of lotteries through electronic payment kiosks      85     85       

OOO Loto Integrator (Russia)

   Sales of lotteries through electronic payment kiosks      85     85       

OOO Loto Master (Russia)

   Sales of lotteries through electronic payment kiosks      85     85       

Diomachin Ltd (Cyprus)1

   Production and sales of transaction recording devices for kiosks      51     51       

OOO Pay Kiosk (Russia)1

   Production and sales of transaction recording devices for kiosks      51     51       

OOO Izobilie (Russia)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks             51       

Instant Payments LLP (Kazakhstan)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks             60       

Neven Trading Ltd (Cyprus)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      51     51       

Seleano Ltd (Cyprus)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      51     51       

TOB Finance Company OMP (Ukraine)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks             51       

TOB OSMP (Ukraine)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      51     51       

Colorstar Management Ltd (BVI)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      70     75       

Beijing LianHe Sufu Science & Technology Development Co.Ltd (China)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      70     75       

Sanmere Investment Holding Ltd (South Africa)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      51     51       

 

 

1  Diomachin Ltd and OOO Pay Kiosk are part of Diomachin group classified as discontinued operations (Note 8).
2  Identified subsidiaries are part of the international on-line payment distribution business group classified as discontinued operations (Note 8)

 

F-44


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

6. Consolidated subsidiaries (continued)

 

           Ownership interest  

Subsidiary

  

Main Activity

   As of
December 31,
2010
    As of
December 31,
2011
    As of
December 31,
2012
 

OOD QIWI Bulgaria Ltd (Bulgaria)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      51     51       

SJETTA Ltd (Cyprus)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      75     100       

OOO Pardohti-Favri (Tadzhikistan)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      56     75       

QIWI BRASIL TECNOLOGIA DE CAPTURA E PROCESSAMENTO DE TRANSAÇÕES LTDA (Brazil)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      51     51       

QIWI Argentina S.A. (Argentina)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      26     26 %3        

QIWI Chile S.A. (Chile)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks             26 %3        

QIWI Malaysia SDN. BHD. (Malaysia)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      51     100       

QIWI Baltic Ltd (Latvia)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      51     51       

QIWI Asia Group PTE Ltd (Singapore)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      51     75.5       

QIWI HK Ltd (Hong Kong)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      75     75       

Akhron Finance Ltd (Cyprus)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks      100     100       

QIWI KZ Ltd (Cyprus)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks             100       

QIWI KZ Holding B.V.

(Netherlands)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks             100       

Payment System KZ Holding B.V. (Netherlands)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks             100       

QIWI East Africa (Tanzania)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks             51       

QIWI Asia Pacific PTE. LTD (Singapore)2

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks             100       

 

 

2  Identified subsidiaries are part of the international on-line payment distribution business group classified as discontinued operations (Note 8)
3 

Effective indirect ownership. Conrtol is presented in each level of all subsidiaries.

 

F-45


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

6. Consolidated subsidiaries (continued)

 

The Group acquired and set-up certain new subsidiaries in 2012, 2011 and 2010. The overall effect of acquisitions is not material, other than as disclosed in the Note 5 above.

Below is a schedule that shows the effects of changes in the Company’s ownership interest in subsidiaries that do not result in a loss of control on the equity attributable to owners of the parent and contribution from non-controlling interest without change in ownership for each of the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011and 2010:

 

Name of a subsidiary

   Consideration received
(paid) for non-controlling
interest
    Carrying value of non-
controlling interest
acquired (sold) classified
as equity
    Resulting increase
(decrease) of equity
 

Changes in ownership in 2010

     28,894        (2,562     31,456   

Colorstar Management Limited

     28,889        3,940        24,949   

TOO OSMP (Kazakhstan)

     5               5   

OOO OSMP (Ukraine)

            (6,502     6,502   

Changes in ownership in 2011

     9,114        10,669        (1,555

Freshpay IT Solutions Private Ltd.

     9,615        3,192        6,423   

Colorstar Management Limited

     (1     (928     927   

QIWI Malaysia SDN. BHD.

     (439     8,417        (8,856

SJETTA Ltd

     (61     (12     (49

Contribution from non-controlling interest without change in ownership in 2012

     10,340        7,745        2,595   

QIWI Argentina S.A.

     6,175        4,569        1,606   

QIWI Chile S.A.

     3,801        2,812        989   

QIWI Baltic Ltd

     686        686          

IT Billion LLC

     (322     (322       

 

Name of a subsidiary

   Consideration received
(paid) for non-controlling
interest
    Carrying value of non-
controlling interest
acquired (sold) classified
as a liability
    Resulting gain (loss)  

Transactions with non-controlling interest classified as a liability in 2011

     (29,499     (17,247     (12,252

TOO OSMP (Kazakhstan)

     (29,499     (17,247     (12,252

 

F-46


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

7. Investment in associates

The Group has the following associates:

 

         Ownership interest  

Associate

  

Main activity

  As of
December 31,
2010
    As of
December 31,
2011
    As of
December 31,
2012
 

Freshpay IT Solutions Private ltd (India)1 (Note 5.2)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks in India            50       

Blestgroup Enterprises Ltd (Cyprus)

   Sublease of space for electronic payment kiosks in Russia            37.5     37.5

Cosmopro Inc. (Panama)1

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks in Panama, Columbia and Peru     26     26       

Single Payment Solutions Private Ltd (India)1

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks in India            20.74       

QIWI Belgrade Ltd. (Serbia)1

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks in Serbia     21     21       

Universal SmartLink ltd (BVI)1

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks in Singapore            50       

QIWI Payment System Congo SPRL (Democratic Republic of South Congo)1

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks in Congo            50       

QIWI International JLT (Dubai, UAE)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks in UAE            50     50

QIWI Jordan Ltd. Co. (Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks in Jordan                   49

Dengionline Ltd (Cyprus)

   Aggregation services for on-line electronic payment systems                   49

QIWI BRASIL TECNOLOGIA DE CAPTURA E PROCESSAMENTO DE TRANSAÇÕES LTDA (Brazil)

   Operation of electronic payment kiosks in Brazil                   29.57

 

1 

Identified associates are part of the international on-line payment distribution business group classified as discontinued operations (Note 8).

The Group acquired and set-up certain new associates in 2012, 2011 and 2010. The overall effect of these acquisitions is not material, other than as disclosed in below.

In 2010 the Group acquired 25% of Cosmopro Inc. (Panama) for cost consideration of 4,055 in addition to 1% purchased for 46 in 2009.

In 2011 the Group acquired 50% in Universal SmartLink Ltd. for a consideration of 695.

On September 14, 2012 the Group sold 51% of Kingstown Limited, which has a 100% interest in QIWI BRASIL TECNOLOGIA DE CAPTURA E PROCESSAMENTO DE TRANSAÇÕES LTDA (Brazil), retaining a 29.57%

 

F-47


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

7. Investment in associates (continued)

 

interest in QIWI BRASIL TECNOLOGIA DE CAPTURA E PROCESSAMENTO DE TRANSAÇÕES LTDA (Brazil). The retained 29.57% interest was recorded at fair value at the date of a loss control, amounting to 6,355.

On May 15, 2012 the Group acquired 49% of Dengionline Ltd and an option to acquire the remaining 51% from existing shareholders of Dengionline for U.S.$3,000,000 (equivalent of 90,796). The option exercise price is 51% of eight times EBITDA of Dengionline group for the year ended April 1, 2017, and the option can be exercised during the six months starting from May1, 2017. Based on the estimated exercise price calculated using Dengionline’s forecasted business plan, the option was out-of-the money at the date of acquisition and through the reporting date, and its fair value was immaterial at both dates. The main activities of Dengionline Ltd are aggregation services for on-line electronic payment systems. The table below presents a provisional purchase price allocation.

The provisional value of the identifiable assets and liabilities as of the date of acquisition was:

 

Net assets acquired:

   Carrying amount     Fair value  

Intangible assets

     14,292        95,392   

Other non-current assets

     1,856        1,856   

Cash and cash equivalents

     167,710        167,710   

Accounts receivable

     370,651        370,651   

Other current assets

     4,740        4,740   

Deferred tax liabilities

            (16,785

Other non-current liabilities

     (105,231     (105,231

Accounts payable

     (654,924     (654,924

Short-term borrowings

     (19,761     (19,761

Other current liabilities

     (13,489     (13,489
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total identifiable net assets

     (234,156     (169,841 ) 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Company’s share in acquired net assets (49%)

     (114,736     (83,222
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Goodwill arising on acquisition

       174,018   
    

 

 

 

Goodwill in the amount of 174,018 relates to potential synergies with the existing operations. The fair value of intangible assets amounting 95,392 are assigned to billing software, client’s database and agreements with payment systems. In 2012, the Company updated its provisional purchase price allocation to reflect the fair value of net assets as of acquisition and reporting date to include 12,016 of indemnification asset (included in accounts receivable) and related provision (included in other non-current liabilities), both at fair value. One of the subsidiaries of Dengionline Ltd identified a tax risk and the unfavorable outcome is assessed as probable at this time. The seller must unconditionally and irrevocably indemnify the Company according to the share purchase agreement and reimburse in full all direct or indirect losses incurred, suffered or sustained by the Company in respect of this matter.

From the date of acquisition, Dengionline Ltd contributed 3,319 to the Group’s share of profit from associates.

 

F-48


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

7. Investment in associates (continued)

 

The following table illustrates summarized financial information of the Group’s investment in associates:

 

     As of
December 31,
2010
    As of
December 31,
2011
    As of
December 31,
2012
    As of
December 31,
2012
 
     RUB (000)     RUB (000)     RUB (000)     U.S.$ (000)  

Share of the associates’ statement of financial position:

        

Current assets

     77        165,867        346,220        11,399   

Non-current assets

     293        71,159        163,010        5,367   

Current liabilities

            (50,275     (401,416     (13,216

Non-current liabilities

     (950     (186,781     (188,784     (6,216
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net assets

     (580     (30     (80,970     (2,666

Unrecognized share of losses of associates

                   8,521        281   

Impairment of investment in associates

                   (1,133     (37

Goodwill

     4,681        34,686        174,018        5,729   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Carrying amount of investment in associates

     4,101        34,656        100,436        3,307   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share of the associates’ revenue and loss:

        

Revenue

            36,928        193,745        6,379   

Recognized share of net loss

            (22,926     (13,236     (436

The Group’s share in losses of discontinued associates amounts to nil in 2012 (2011 – 5,202; 2010 – nil).

The impairment of 1,133 in 2012 was caused by under-performance of the Group’s associate in Jordan.

Movements in investments in associates in 2012, 2011 and 2010 are presented below:

 

     2010      2011     2012  

Investments in associates as of January 1

             4,101        34,656   

Acquisition of shares in associates – cash consideration

     4,101         695        90,795   

Acquisition of shares in associates – at fair value

             20,847        6,355   

Contribution to associates without a corresponding change in ownership

             3,545        13,440   

Contribution to newly founded associates

                    2,116   

Loss recognized on the remeasurement to fair value prior to classification as assets held for sale

                    (29,816

Share in net losses of associates

             (22,926     (13,326

Foreign currency translation

             (3,114     (3,784

Share in other changes in capital of associates

             31,508        —      
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Investments in associates at December 31

     4,101         34,656        100,436   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-49


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

8. Disposals and discontinued operations

As part of the restructuring, on June 30, 2012, the Group Board of Directors approved a single coordinated plan to dispose of its non-core subsidiaries and associates as described below:

 

  (i) Ukrainian business and non-CIS international early stage businesses forming two major geographical areas of operation of the QIWI Distribution segment classified as discontinued operations (Note 6 and Note 7);

 

  (ii) Diomachin group (Note 6) – engaged in production of transaction recording devices for payment kiosks classified as discontinued operations;

 

  (iii) Master Loto Ltd., OOO Loto Integrator and OOO Loto Master are engaged in distribution of lotteries through electronic on-line payment kiosks – not included in discontinued operations as insignificant.

All these companies had been disposed by September 30, 2012.

The loss from disposal was calculated as the differences between:

 

  (i) The fair value of the consideration received, plus the fair value of the retained interest in the entities disposed; and

 

  (ii) the carrying value of net assets disposed of, as of the date of the transaction.

 

Cash consideration receivable

     10,294   

Cash received for assignment of loans agreement from subsidiaries and associates classified as discontinued operations

     61,391   

Investment in associates, at fair value

     6,355   
  

 

 

 

Total consideration received

     78,040   

Net assets of discontinued operations derecognized on disposal

     (38,761

Recycling of translation gain upon disposal

     7,267   
  

 

 

 

Gain on disposal of discontinued operations

     46,546   
  

 

 

 

 

F-50


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

8. Disposals and discontinued operations (continued)

 

The results of identified companies were re-classified as discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010. These results are presented below:

 

     Year ended December 31  
     2010     2011     2012     2012  
     RUB (000)     RUB (000)     RUB (000)     U.S.$ (000)  

Revenue

     700,140        342,537        155,127        5,107   

Operating expenses

     (497,471     (478,461     (249,431     (8,212
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss from operations

     202,669        (135,924     (94,304     (3,105
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Finance cost, net

     (2,935     (8,043     (8,621     (284

Gain from disposal of subsidiaries

                   46,546        1,533   

Other income / (expenses), net

     (929     6,399        (9,823     (324

Loss recognized on the remeasurement to fair value

                   (167,333     (5,509
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss before tax

     198,805        (137,568     (233,535     (7,689

Income tax expense

     (61,074     (18,687     (6,828     (224
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss from discontinued operation attributable to:

     137,731        (156,255     (240,363     (7,913
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Equity holders of the parent

     65,772        (75,736     (167,573     (5,516

Non-controlling interests

     71,959        (80,519     (72,790     (2,397

Earnings per share (Note 10) RUB:

        

Basic, loss from discontinued operations

     1.26        (1.46     (3.22     (0.11

Diluted, from discontinued operations

     1.26        (1.46     (3.22     (0.11

All the discontinued operations were sold by QIWI plc, which is a Cyprus company. According to Cyprus tax legislation, income from investing activities is not subject to income tax. Hence income tax expense on the disposal of discontinued operations equals to nil.

Loss for the period from discontinued operations consists of loss from current operations in the amount of 119,576, loss recognized on the remeasurement to fair value upon the classification of disposal groups as discontinued operations in the amount of 167,333 and gain from disposal equal to 46,546.

Both prior to and upon the classification of the disposal groups as discontinued operations, the Group performed an impairment test and recorded an impairment charge of 111,520 related to investments in associates, property and equipment, intangible assets, loans and receivables and inventories. In addition to that, the Group recorded an impairment of the intra-Group loans issued to the disposal groups, classified as part of investments into discontinued operations due to losses accumulated by them in the amount of 55,813.

Loans receivable from the disposed subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 include the loans issued by QIWI plc to Sanmere Investment Holding Ltd and Akhron Finance Ltd for the total amount of 132,093 (113,545 of which is principal and 18,548 of which is accrued interest), repayable by the end of 2013, and bearing interest of 10%. Fair value of these loans was estimated to be nil as the repayment is not considered probable at this time.

 

F-51


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

8. Disposals and discontinued operations (continued)

 

Below are the assets and liabilities of all companies classified as discontinued operations as of the date of their disposal:

 

     As of the
date of
disposal
    As of the
date of
disposal
 
     RUB (000)     U.S.$ (000)  

Non-current assets

     65,869        2,169   

Current assets

     (282,813     9,311   

Liabilities

     (435,191     (14,327

Non-controlling interest

     125,270        4,124   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
     38,761        1,277   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash inflow on disposal of discontinued operations was as follows:

 

     2012     2012  
     RUB (000)     U.S.$ (000)  

Net cash inflow on disposal of subsidiaries – discontinued

     29,907        984   

Cash consideration received

     61,391        2,021   

Cash and cash equivalents disposed

     (31,484     (1,037

The net cash flows incurred by discontinued operations are as follows:

 

     Year ended December 31  
     2010     2011     2012     2012  
     RUB (000)     RUB (000)     RUB (000)     U.S.$ (000)  

Operating

     79,163        (50,767     39,737        1,308   

Investing

     (14,170     (13,747     (34,502     (1,136

Financing

     (13,167     24,418        (36,950     (1,217
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash outflow

     51,826        (40,096     (31,715     (1,045
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-52


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

8. Disposals and discontinued operations (continued)

 

In addition the Group disposed the other subsidiaries which were not classified as discontinued operations:

 

     Year ended December 31  
     2010     2011     2012     2012  
     RUB (000)     RUB (000)     RUB (000)     U.S.$ (000)  

Net cash inflow/(outflow) on disposal of subsidiaries – continuing

     9,789        1,166        (16,976     (558

Cash consideration received

     10,987        12,838        1          

Cash and cash equivalents disposed

     (1,198     (11,672     (16,977     (558

Gain/(loss) from disposal of subsidiaries – continuing

     7,089        39,859        (1,027     (34

Cash consideration receivable

     10,987        12,838        4,000        132   

Less net assets disposed

     (5,574     25,453        46,266        1,522   

Less expense on assignment of loans

                   (35,939     (1,183

Less impairment of accounts receivable from the disposed subsidiaries

                   (7,906     (260

Less disposal of non-controlling interest

     1,676        1,568        (7,448     (245

Gain from disposal of subsidiaries in 2011 year includes 32,835 related to gain from disposal of subsidiaries reclassified as discontinued operations.

 

9. Operating segments

In reviewing the operational performance of the Group and allocating resources, the chief operating decision maker of the Group (CODM), who is the Croup’s CEO and, prior to the appointment of the CEO, was the board of directors of the Group, reviews selected items of each segment’s statement of comprehensive income.

Management reporting is different from IFRS, because it does not include certain IFRS adjustments which are not analyzed by the chief operating decision maker in assessing the core operating performance of the business. Such adjustments affect such major areas as deferred taxation, business combinations, fair value adjustments and amortization thereof, impairment, as well as nonrecurring items.

The financial data is presented on a combined basis for all key subsidiaries and associates representing each segment added together forming the segment revenue, operating expenses, net income. The Group measures the performance of its operating segments by monitoring: revenue, segment net revenue, profit from operations and profit before tax. Segment net revenue is a measure of profitability defined as the segment revenues less segment direct costs, which include the same items as the “Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)” as reported in the Group’s consolidated statement of comprehensive income, except for payroll costs. Payroll costs are excluded because, although required to maintain the Group’s distribution network, they are not linked to payment volume.

The Group has identified its operating segments based on the types of products and services the Group offers. The Group has identified the following reportable segments:

 

F-53


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

9. Operating segments (continued)

 

QD segment, which includes revenue derived from payment systems offered though the Group’s kiosks and kiosks in Russia and internationally.

VQW segment, which includes revenue derived from payments processed through online electronic user accounts and bank prepayment products, including prepaid card business, and revenues derived from QIWI Bank.

Corporate and Other, which includes limited activities of the Group related to corporate back-office operations, such as the licensing of software and trademarks to international companies and subsidiaries.

The statement of comprehensive income from continuing operations for each segment for the year ended December 31, 2010, as presented to the CODM is presented below:

 

     QD     VQW     Corporate
and other
    Eliminations     Total continuing
operations
 

Revenue

     5,925,042        693,665        118,089        (579,161     6,157,635   

External revenue

     5,586,589        485,165        85,881               6,157,635   

Intersegment revenue

     338,453        208,500        32,208        (579,161       

Direct segment cost

     (3,449,123     (397,680     (73,118     560,536        (3,359,385

External direct segment costs

     (3,238,803     (68,496     (52,086            (3,359,385

Intersegment direct cost

     (210,320     (329,184     (21,032     560,536          

Segment net revenue

     2,475,919        295,985        44,971        (18,625     2,798,250   

Depreciation and amortization

     (47,073     (5,752     (943            (53,768
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Segment profit from operations

     972,635        85,891        (58,960     (12,541     987,025   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest income

     9,377               4,758        (8,742     5,393   

Interest expense

     (3,340            (3,460     4,655        (2,145
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Segment profit before tax

     981,231        86,570        (41,188     (17,120     1,009,493   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Corporate and other segment’s profit before tax from continuing operations includes 10,123 loss related to Master Loto group, which was disposed of in 2012.

 

F-54


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

9. Operating segments (continued)

 

The statement of comprehensive income from continuing operations for each segment for the year ended December 31, 2011, as presented to the CODM is presented below:

 

     QD     VQW     Corporate
and other
    Eliminations     Total continuing
operations
 

Revenue

     7,092,851        1,936,788        219,258        (1,090,800 )      8,158,097   

External revenue

     6,396,487        1,649,248        112,362               8,158,097   

Intersegment revenue

     696,364        287,540        106,896        (1,090,800       

Direct segment cost

     (4,599,177 )      (1,246,385 )      (85,805 )      1,034,605        (4,896,762 ) 

External direct segment costs

     (4,286,592     (546,788     (63,382            (4,896,762

Intersegment direct cost

     (312,585     (699,597     (22,423     1,034,605          

Segment net revenue

     2,493,674        690,403        133,453        (56,195 )      3,261,335   

Depreciation and amortization

     (71,984 )      (19,322 )      (1,294 )      3,407        (89,193 ) 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Segment profit from operations

     925,970        204,994        18,016        (58,488 )      1,090,492   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share of loss of associates

                   (22,926            (22,926

Interest income

     7,592               15,668        (17,114     6,146   

Interest expense

     (6,619     (28     (2,742     5,325        (4,064
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Segment profit before tax

     912,142        205,121        4,886        (64,434 )      1,057,715   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Corporate and other segment’s profit before tax from continuing operations includes 3,556 loss related to Master Loto group, which was disposed of in 2012.

The statement of comprehensive income from continuing operations for each segment for the year ended December 31, 2012, as presented to the CODM is presented below:

 

     QD     VQW     Corporate
and other
    Eliminations     Total continuing
operations
 

Revenue

     6,808,622        3,927,133        139,381        (1,963,698 )      8,911,438   

External revenue

     5,310,093        3,543,216        58,129               8,911,438   

Intersegment revenue

     1,498,529        383,917        81,252        (1,963,698       

Direct segment cost

     (3,963,864 )      (2,685,977 )      (37,706 )      1,945,619        (4,741,928 ) 

External direct segment costs

     (3,539,509     (1,177,766     (24,653            (4,741,928

Intersegment direct cost

     (424,355     (1,508,211     (13,053     1,945,619          

Segment net revenue

     2,844,758        1,241,156        101,675        (18,079 )      4,169,510   

Depreciation and amortization

     (71,202 )      (13,519 )      (1,859 )             (86,580 ) 

Segment profit from operations

     1,212,427        530,601        98        (13,760 )      1,729,366   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Share of loss of associates

                   (13,236            (13,236

Interest income

     25,283        1,588        22,899        (24,260     25,510   

Interest expense

     (11,796            (1,861     6,137        (7,520
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Segment profit before tax

     1,177,299        522,939        32,794        (28,143 )      1,704,889   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Corporate and other segment’s profit before tax from continuing operations includes 44,560 loss related to Master Loto group, which was disposed of in 2012.

 

F-55


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

9. Operating segments (continued)

 

Segment net revenue, as presented to the CODM, for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 is calculated by subtraction cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) from revenue and adding back payroll and related taxes as presented in table below:

 

     December 31,
2010
    December 31,
2011
    December 31,
2012
 

Revenue under IFRS

     6,157,635        8,158,097        8,911,438   

Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

     (3,750,969     (5,572,609     (5,454,288

Difference in timing of expense recognition

            6,899          

Payroll and related taxes

     391,584        668,948        712,360   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total segment net revenue, as presented to CODM

     2,798,250        3,261,335        4,169,510   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

A reconciliation of depreciation and amortization to IFRS depreciation and amortization, as presented to the CODM, for the year ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 is presented below:

 

     December 31,
2010
    December 31,
2011
    December 31,
2012
 

Depreciation and amortization, as presented to CODM

     (53,768     (89,193     (86,580

Amortization of fair value adjustments to intangible assets recorded on acquisitions and related impairment

     (117,698     (51,405     (42,471
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization under IFRS

     (171,466     (140,598     (129,051
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

A reconciliation of segment profit from operations to IFRS profit from continuing operations of the Group, as presented to the CODM, for the year ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 is presented below:

 

     December 31,
2010
    December 31,
2011
    December 31,
2012
 

Total segment profit from operations, as presented to CODM

     987,025        1,090,492        1,729,366   

Amortization of fair value adjustments to intangible assets recorded on acquisitions and related impairment

     (117,698     (51,405     (42,471

Corporate costs allocated to discontinued international operations

     (80,386     (140,862     (61,274

Effect of software development cost, not capitalized in segment presentation

     27,520        9,876        35,000   

Offering expenses

                   (109,237

Share-based payments

                   (65,718

Difference in timing of expense recognition

            (6,899       
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Consolidated profit from operations under IFRS

     816,461        901,202        1,485,666   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-56


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

9. Operating segments (continued)

 

A reconciliation of segment profit before tax to IFRS consolidated net profit from continuing operations of the Group, as presented to the CODM, for the year ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 is presented below:

 

     December 31,
2010
    December 31,
2011
    December 31,
2012
 

Total segment net profit before tax, as presented to CODM

     1,009,493        1,057,715        1,704,889   

Amortization of fair value adjustments to intangible assets recorded on acquisitions and related impairment

     (117,698     (51,405     (42,471

Corporate costs allocated to discontinued international operations

     (80,386     (140,862     (61,274

Effect of software development cost, not capitalized in segment presentation

     27,520        9,876        35,000   

Difference in timing of expense recognition

            (6,899       

Offering expenses

                   (109,237

Share-based payments

                   (65,718

Gain / (loss) on loans issued at rate different from market

            (30,993     8,042   

Other

     (17,692     (10,930     (13,361
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Consolidated profit before tax from continuing operations under IFRS

     821,237        826,502        1,455,870   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Geographic information

Revenues from external customers are presented below:

 

     2010      2011      2012  

Russia

     5,590,403         7,511,401         7,949,320   

Kazakhstan

     469,724         581,128         737,916   

Other

     97,508         65,568         224,202   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total revenue per consolidated income statement

     6,157,635         8,158,097         8,911,438   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The revenue information above is based on the location of the customer.

Revenues from a single external customer amounting to 10% or greater of Group’s revenue from continuing operations relate only to QD segment and are presented in the table below:

 

     2010      2011      2012  

Customer 1

     1,070,738         1,682,221         <10

Customer 2

     1,105,758         905,001         <10

Customer 3

     994,820         739,940         <10

 

F-57


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

9. Operating segments (continued)

 

The Group allocates non-current assets by geographical region based on the principal country of major operations of a particular legal entity within the Group:

 

     As of
January 1,
2010
     As of
December 31,
2010
     As of
December 31,
2011
     As of
December 31,
2012
 

Russia

     1,828,359         2,157,161         2,133,222         2,066,637   

Kazakhstan and other

     11,213         6,374         12,878         14,946   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total non-current assets of continuing operations

     1,839,572         2,163,535         2,146,100         2,081,583   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Non-current assets from discontinued operations

     87,649         65,448         50,297           
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Non-current assets

     1,927,221         2,228,983         2,196,397         2,081,583   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Non-current assets for this purpose consist of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets.

 

10. Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share amounts are calculated by dividing net profit for the year attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year.

Diluted earnings per share amounts are calculated by dividing the net profit attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent adjusted for effect of potential share exercise by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year plus the weighted average number of ordinary shares that would be issued on conversion of all the dilutive potential ordinary shares into ordinary shares.

The following reflects the income and share data used in basic and diluted earnings per share computations for the years ended December 31:

 

    Notes      2010     2011     2012  

Net profit attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent from continuing operations

       627,627        595,728        1,077,531   

Profit/(loss) attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent from a discontinued operation

       65,772        (75,735     (167,393
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net profit attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent for basic earnings

       693,399        519,993        910,138   
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Effect of options over subsidiaries and associates

       (8,777              
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net profit attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent adjusted for the effect of dilution

       684,622        519,993        910,138   
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares for basic earnings per share

    19         52,000,000        52,000,000        52,000,000   
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Effect of share-based payments

    34                       1,316   
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares for diluted earnings per share

    19         52,000,000        52,000,000        52,001,316   
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

There have been no other transactions involving ordinary shares or potential ordinary shares between the reporting date and the date of completion of these financial statements.

 

F-58


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

11. Property and equipment

 

Cost

   Processing
servers
equipment
    Computers
and office
equipment
    Bank
equipment
    Other
equipment
    Assets
under
construction
    Total  

Balance as of December 31, 2009

     100,467        42,886               24,658        9,206        177,217   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Internal transfers

     36,503        1,809               (19,312     (19,000       

Additions

     44,906        25,229        1,842        6,849        18,465        97,291   

Additions from business combinations

     9,808        4,852        11,286        3,631               29,577   

Disposals

     (10,839     (2,519     (1,058     (2,614     (858     (17,888

Disposals of subsidiaries

     (304     (398            (1,076            (1,778
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2010

     180,541        71,859        12,070        12,136        7,813        284,419   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Internal transfers

     7,790                      (2,626     (5,164       

Additions

     70,615        9,336        955        1,596        8,404        90,906   

Additions from business combinations

     5,051        765               1,011               6,827   

Disposals

     (7,494     (7,006     (2,862     (332     (6,224     (23,918

Disposals of subsidiaries

     (1,464     (1,694                          (3,158

Foreign currency translation

     (211     5               301               95   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2011

     254,828        73,265        10,163        12,086        4,829        355,171   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Internal transfers

     6,996        3,864        1,099        179        (12,138       

Additions

     14,205        12,979               833        7,570        35,587   

Disposals

     (7,700     (13,768     (2,170     (1,182            (24,820

Disposals of subsidiaries

     (1,779     (682            (20            (2,481

Discontinued operations

     (46,692     (4,823            (4,301            (55,816

Foreign currency translation

     (2,233     (533            (229     (2     (2,997
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2012 RUB (000)

     217,625        70,302        9,092        7,366        259        304,644   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2012 U.S.$ (000)

     7,165        2,314        299        243        9        10,030   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Accumulated Depreciation and impairment:

            

Balance as of December 31, 2009

     (38,740     (12,338            (4,804            (55,882
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Depreciation charge

     (32,798     (14,954     (1,124     (2,425            (51,301

Impairment

     (28,995     90               1,774               (27,131

Disposals

     4,011        1,479        848        570               6,908   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2010

     (96,522     (25,723     (276     (4,885            (127,406
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Depreciation charge

     (48,849     (18,703     (4,311     (1,740            (73,603

Disposals

     4,885        6,157        2,110        352               13,504   

Disposals of subsidiaries

     267        554                             821   

Foreign currency translation

     (186     (188     1        (243            (616
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2011

     (140,405     (37,903     (2,476     (6,516            (187,300
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Internal transfers

            (41            41                 

Depreciation charge

     (52,668     (17,292     (3,910     (1,440            (75,310

Depreciation charge (discontinued operations)

     (1,407     (484            (132            (2,023

Disposals

     4,646        11,449        2,068        497               18,660   

Disposals of subsidiaries

     1,514        585               16               2,115   

Discontinued operations

     36,342        2,947               3,388               42,677   

Foreign currency translation

     1,762        299               129               2,190   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2012 RUB (000)

     (150,216     (40,440     (4,318     (4,017            (198,991
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2012 U.S.$ (000)

     (4,946     (1,331     (142     (132            (6,551
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net book value

            

As of December 31, 2009 RUB

     61,727        30,548               19,854        9,206        121,335   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2010 RUB

     84,019        46,136        11,794        7,251        7,813        157,013   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2011 RUB

     114,423        35,362        7,687        5,570        4,829        167,871   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012 RUB (000)

     67,409        29,862        4,774        3,349        259        105,653   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012 U.S.$ (000)

     2,219        983        157        111        9        3,479   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

In 2012 and 2011 no significant impairment of fixed assets is recognized. As of December 31, 2012, the total amount of fully amortized assets is equal to 29,072 (2011 – 28,772; 2010 – 13,967).

 

F-59


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

12. Intangible assets

 

Cost:

   Goodwill     Licenses      Computer
Software
    Customer
relationships
    Trade
marks
    Web-sites
and other
    Total  

Balance as of December 31, 2009

     1,562,676                322,415        170,310        107,104        7,055        2,169,560   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Additions

                    52,906               271        3,280        56,457   

Additions from business combinations

     101,477        183,076         69,064               1,039               354,656   

Disposals

                    (3,104                   (35     (3,139

Foreign currency translation

                                  44        7        51   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2010

     1,664,153        183,076         441,281        170,310        108,458        10,307        2,577,585   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Additions

                    47,667               10        264        47,941   

Additions from business combinations

     20,480                110                             20,590   

Disposals

                    (7,097            (1,170     (67     (8,334

Disposals of subsidiaries

     (12,640                                         (12,640

Foreign currency translation

                    (24            2        (57     (79
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2011

     1,671,993        183,076         481,937        170,310        107,300        10,447        2,625,063   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Additions

                    40,487                      1,742        42,229   

Transfer between groups

                    813                      (813       

Disposals

                    (3,085                          (3,085

Disposals of subsidiaries

                    (1,096            (30            (1,126

Discontinued operations

                    (65,576            (3     (5     (65,584

Foreign currency translation

                    (177                   718        541   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2012 RUB (000)

     1,671,993        183,076         453,303        170,310        107,267        12,089        2,598,038   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2012 U.S.$ (000)

     55,049        6,028         14,925        5,607        3,532        398        85,539   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Accumulated Amortization:

               

Balance as of December 31, 2009

     (21,588             (148,569     (106,558     (84,341     (2,618     (363,674
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Charge for the year

                    (72,959     (42,577     (22,821     (1,604     (139,961

Impairment (discontinued operations)

     (2,934             94                             (2,840

Disposals

                    864        114                      978   

Foreign currency translation

                                         (118     (118
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2010

     (24,522             (220,570     (149,021     (107,162     (4,340     (505,615
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Charge for the year

                    (59,480     (21,289     (143     (2,071     (82,983

Impairment (discontinued operations)

     (8,225                                         (8,225

Disposals

                    357               50        3        410   

Foreign currency translation

                    (142            1        17        (124
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2011

     (32,747             (279,835     (170,310     (107,254     (6,391     (596,537
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Charge for the year

                    (51,676            (19     (2,046     (53,741

Charge for the year (discontinued operations)

                    (6,026                   (1     (6,027

Transfer between groups

                    (29                   29          

Impairment

                    (3,636                          (3,636

Impairment (discontinued operations)

     (2,361             (26,277                          (28,638

Disposals

                    3,085                             3,085   

Disposals of subsidiaries

                    873               6               879   

Discontinued operations

                    62,768                      2        62,770   

Foreign currency translation

                    (275            35        (23     (263
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2012 RUB (000)

     (35,108             (301,028     (170,310     (107,232     (8,430     (622,108
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2012 U.S.$ (000)

     (1,156             (9,911     (5,607     (3,531     (278     (20,483
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net book value

               

As of December 31, 2009

     1,541,088                173,846        63,752        22,763        4,437        1,805,886   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2010

     1,639,631        183,076         220,711        21,289        1,296        5,967        2,071,970   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2011

     1,639,246        183,076         202,102               46        4,056        2,028,526   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012 RUB (000)

     1,636,885        183,076         152,275               35        3,659        1,975,930   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012 U.S.$ (000)

     53,893        6,028         5,014               1        120        65,056   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012, the total amount of fully amortized assets is equal to 19,558 (2011 – 5,134; 2010 – 3,163).

 

F-60


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

13. Impairment testing of goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful life

An analysis and movement of goodwill acquired through business combinations, by CGU, as included in the intangible assets note (Note 12), is as follows:

 

Cost:

   OSMP      Visa
QIWI Wallet
     Diomachin
Group
    Others     Total  

As of December 31, 2009

     1,449,570         81,096         8,225        2,197        1,541,088   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Acquisitions

             100,740                737        101,477   

Impairment

                            (2,934     (2,934
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2010

     1,449,570         181,836         8,225               1,639,631   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Acquisitions

                            20,480        20,480   

Impairment

                     (8,225            (8,225

Disposal

                            (12,640     (12,640
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2011

     1,449,570         181,836                7,840        1,639,246   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Impairment

                            (2,361     (2,361

As of December 31, 2012 RUB (000)

     1,449,570         181,836                5,479        1,636,885   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012 U.S.$ (000)

     47,726         5,987                180        53,893   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The Group determined CGUs one level below the operating segments – OSMP (a major part of QD RF) and QIWI Wallet (QIWI Bank and QIWI Wallet CGUs were merged in one CGU – Visa QIWI Wallet – due to pertaining to one operating segment – VQW).

The carrying amount of Visa QIWI Wallet includes intangible assets with an indefinite useful life (Bank license) recorded by the Group at the date of acquisition on September 24, 2010. Based on the analysis of Visa QIWI Wallet CGU’s carrying value, including allocated goodwill and bank license, compared to its recoverable amount, the Group did not identify impairment of intangible assets with indefinite useful life as of December 31, 2012.

The recoverable amount of identified CGUs has been determined based on a value in use calculation using cash flow projections from financial budgets approved by senior management covering an eight-year period (2013 – 2020).

An eight-year period was used for projections, as the Group considers this time frame to be reasonably forecasted and the growth rate in the last three years of this period is expected to exceed the terminal growth rate.

The pre-tax discount rate adjusted to risk specific applied to cash flow projections CGUs is 18.20% (2011 – 18.96%; 2010 – 18.7%). The growth rates applied to discounted terminal value projection in beyond the forecast period is 2% (2011 – 2%; 2010 – 2.8%).

The calculation of value in use for these cash generating units is most sensitive to:

 

 

Local electronic online payment systems market assumptions;

 

 

The Group’s transaction volume and net revenue yields;

 

F-61


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

13. Impairment testing of goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful life (continued)

 

 

Net profit margins;

 

 

Growth rates used to extrapolate cash flows beyond the budget period;

 

 

Discount rates.

The values assigned to each of these parameters reflect past experience and expected changes over the timeframe.

With regard to the assessment of value in use of cash-generating units, management believes that no reasonably possible change in any of the above key assumptions would cause the carrying value of the unit to materially exceed its recoverable amount.

As a result of deterioration of performance of one of our business units in 2012, an impairment charge of 2,361 was recorded in others CGUs prior to the annual goodwill impairment test. As a result of goodwill impairment test performed in 2011, an impairment charge of 8,225 related to Diomachin Group CGU was recorded. No impairment charge was recorded for the year 2010.

The principal factors leading to recognition by the Group the impairment losses of other CGUs goodwill in 2012, 2011 and 2010 were reductions in the projected future cash flows of the recently acquired or established international businesses. Although the Group continued to project future long-term growth in cash flows, such growth was lower than that estimated at the time the businesses were acquired.

 

14. Long-term and short-term loans

As of December 31, 2010, long-term loans consisted of the following:

 

     Total as of
December 31,
2010
     Provision for
impairment of
loans
    Net as of
December 31,
2010
 

Long-term loans

       

Loans to individuals

     10,289                10,289   

Loans to legal entities

     12,119                12,119   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long-term loans

     22,408                22,408   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Short-term loans

       

Loans to individuals

     33,655         (7     33,648   

Loans to legal entities

     25,549         (10,000     15,549   

Due from financial institutions

     5,131         (3,361     1,770   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total short-term loans

     64,335         (13,368     50,967   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-62


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

14. Long-term and short-term loans (continued)

 

As of December 31, 2011, long-term loans consisted of the following:

 

     Total as of
December 31,

2011
     Provision for
impairment of
loans
    Net as of
December 31,
2011
 
     RUB (000)      RUB (000)     RUB (000)  

Long-term loans

       

Loans to individuals

     40,081                40,081   

Loans to legal entities

     176,751         (10,000     166,751   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long-term loans

     216,832         (10,000     206,832   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Short-term loans

       

Loans to individuals

     17,335         (573     16,762   

Loans to legal entities

     32,970                32,970   

Due from financial institutions

     4,823         (3,448     1,375   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total short-term loans

     55,128         (4,021     51,107   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012, long-term loans consisted of the following:

 

     Total as of
December 31,

2012
     Provision for
impairment of
loans
    Net as of
December 31,
2012
     Net as of
December 31,
2012
 
     RUB (000)      RUB (000)     RUB (000)      U.S.$ (000)  

Long-term loans

          

Loans to individuals

     18,480                18,480         609   

Loans to legal entities

     166,904                166,904         5,495   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total long-term loans

     185,384                185,384         6,104   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Short-term loans

          

Loans to individuals

     14,436         (106     14,330         472   

Loans to legal entities

     367,632         (60,000     307,632         10,129   

Due from financial institutions

     5,572         (3,448     2,124         69   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total short-term loans

     387,640         (63,554     324,086         10,670   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2010, the provision for impairment of loans movement was the following:

 

     Provision for
impairment

of loans as of
December 31,
2009
     Charge for
the period
    Write offs      Provision for
impairment

of loans as of
December 31,
2010
 

Loans due from credit financial institutions

             (3,361             (3,361

Short term loans and due from individuals

             (7             (7

Short term loans and due from legal entities

             (10,000             (10,000
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Bank’s short-term receivables

             (13,368             (13,368
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F-63


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

14. Long-term and short-term loans (continued)

 

As of December 31, 2011, the provision for impairment of loans movement was the following:

 

     Provision for
impairment

of loans as of
December 31,
2010
    Charge for
the period
    Write offs      Provision for
impairment

of loans as of
December 31,
2011
 

Loans due from credit institutions

     (3,361     (87             (3,448

Short term loans and due from to individuals

     (7     (566             (573

Short term loans and due from legal entities

     (10,000                    (10,000
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Bank’s short-term receivables

     (13,368     (653             (14,021
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012, the provision for impairment of loans movement was the following:

 

     Provision for
impairment

of loans as of
December 31,
2011
    Recovery/
(Charge) for
the period
    Write offs      Provision for
impairment

of loans as of
December 31,
2012
 

Loans due from credit institutions

     (3,448                    (3,448

Short term loans and due from to individuals

     (573     467                (106

Short term loans and due from legal entities

     (10,000     (50,000             (60,000
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Bank’s short-term receivables

     (14,021     (49,533             (63,554
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, the Group had no overdue but not impaired loans.

 

The following table demonstrates due dates of the Group’s loan issued including interests accrued as of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010:

 

     On demand and
< 1 month
     1-6
months
     6-12
months
     >1 year      Total long-term
and short-term
loans
 

Loans receivable as of December 31, 2010

     3,620         1,539         45,808         22,408         73,375   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Loans receivable as of December 31, 2011

     2,827         25,797         22,483         206,832         257,939   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Loans receivable as of December 31, 2012

     14,857         72,620         236,609         185,384         509,470   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

15. Rent prepayment

In 2010, the Group concluded a five year agreement with a retail company for renting locations for kiosks. These locations were further subleased to agents. The agreement required a 500,000 prepayment that consisted of 70,621 related to 2011 (excluding VAT receivable in the amount of 12,712 classified to VAT and other taxes receivable) and 416,666 (including VAT receivable: 63,559) related to the subsequent 4 years.

 

F-64


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

15. Rent prepayment (continued)

 

In December 2011, the Group signed an agreement to transfer rights and obligations arising from the agreement above to its associate. Under the agreement, the lease deposit paid by the Group in to retail company was assigned to the associate in exchange for the loan receivable from it. As of December 31, 2011, the Group did not hold any balances with the retail company.

 

16. Trade and other receivables

As of December 31, 2010, trade and other receivables consisted of the following:

 

     Total as of
December 31,
2010
     Provision for
impairment of
receivables
    Net as of
December 31,
2010
 

Cash receivable from agents

     956,965         (166,191     790,774   

Deposits issued to merchants

     618,427         (642     617,785   

Payment processing fees receivable from merchants

     406,109         (1,417     404,692   

Receivables for advertising

     33,163         (439     32,724   

Advances issued to vendors

     33,961         (2,764     31,197   

Rent receivables

     14,625                14,625   

Other receivables

     60,557         (1,394     59,163   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total trade and other receivables

     2,123,807         (172,847     1,950,960   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2011, trade and other receivables consisted of the following:

 

     Total as of
December 31,
2011
     Provision for
impairment of
receivables
    Net as of
December 31,
2011
 
     RUB (000)      RUB (000)     RUB (000)  

Cash receivable from agents

     1,246,409         (215,431     1,030,978   

Deposits issued to merchants

     1,182,533         (5,204     1,177,329   

Payment processing fees receivable from merchants

     291,091         (1,200     289,891   

Receivables for advertising

     42,535         (13,162     29,373   

Advances issued to vendors

     53,814         (1,896     51,918   

Rent receivables

     67,569         (3,143     64,426   

Other receivables

     64,523         (3,611     60,912   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total trade and other receivables

     2,948,474         (243,647     2,704,827   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

F-65


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

16. Trade and other receivables (continued)

 

As of December 31, 2012, trade and other receivables consisted of the following:

 

     Total as of
December 31,
2012
     Provision for
impairment of
receivables
    Net as of
December 31,
2012
     Net as of
December 31,
2012
 
     RUB (000)      RUB (000)     RUB (000)      U.S.$ (000)  

Cash receivable from agents

     1,418,248         (288,017     1,130,231         37,212   

Deposits issued to merchants

     1,996,324         (5,296     1,991,028         65,553   

Payment processing fees receivable from merchants

     171,610         (1,352     170,258         5,606   

Receivables for advertising

     67,776         (16,361     51,415         1,693   

Advances issued to vendors

     43,121         (3,026     40,095         1,320   

Rent receivables

     17,425         (3,701     13,724         452   

Other receivables

     44,724         (3,804     40,920         1,347   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total trade and other receivables

     3,759,228         (321,557     3,437,671         113,183   
  

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Trade receivables aged but not impaired as of December 31, 2010 are presented below:

 

            Ageing of receivables (days)  
      Total      <30      30-90      90-180      180-360      >360  

As of December 31, 2010

                 

Cash receivable from agents

     790,774         790,774                                   

Payment processing fees receivable from merchants

     404,692         383,658         20,065         670         299           

Receivables for advertising

     32,724         22,296         9,050         1,285         93           

Rent receivables

     14,625         14,625                                   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total receivables ageing

     1,242,815         1,211,353         29,115         1,955         392           
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Trade receivables aged but not impaired as of December 31, 2011 are presented below:

 

            Ageing of receivables (days)  
      Total      <30      30-90      90-180      180-360      >360  

As of December 31, 2011

                 

Cash receivable from agents

     1,030,978         942,645         31,189         26,188         30,477         479   

Payment processing fees receivable from merchants

     289,891         258,088         27,831         3,506         314         152   

Receivables for advertising

     29,373         19,075         7,197         3,070         31           

Rent receivables

     64,426         11,720         48,436         4,267         3           
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total trade and other receivables

     1,414,668         1,231,528         114,653         37,031         30,825         631   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F-66


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

16. Trade and other receivables (continued)

 

Trade receivables aged but not impaired as of December 31, 2012 are presented below:

 

            Ageing of receivables (days)  
      Total      <30      30-90      90-180      180-360      >360  

As of December 31, 2012

                 

Cash receivable from agents

     1,130,231         1,051,973         57,583         8,584         1,062         11,029   

Payment processing fees receivable from merchants

     170,258         156,164         12,151         1,796         116         31   

Receivables for advertising

     51,415         37,951         12,366         1,087         11           

Rent receivables

     13,724         8,133         5,321         270                   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total trade and other receivables

     1,365,628         1,254,221         87,421         11,737         1,189         11,060   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

For the year ended December 31, 2010, the provision for impairment of receivables movement was the following:

 

     Provision for
impairment of
receivables as of
December 31,
2009
    Charge for
the year
    Write offs      Provision for
impairment of
receivables as of
December  31,
2010
 

Cash receivable from agents

     (153,474     (20,140     14,964         (158,650

Deposits issued to merchants

     (10     (632             (642

Payment processing fees receivable from merchants

     (1,242     (120             (1,362

Receivables for advertising

     (338     (101             (439

Advances issued to vendors

     (2,899     247                (2,652

Other receivables

     (1,420     (1,394     1,590         (1,224
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total trade and other receivables

     (159,383     (22,140     16,554         (164,969
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Discontinued operations

     (2,921     (4,962     5         (7,878
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Trade and other receivables, including receivables from discontinued operations

     (162,304     (27,102     16,559         (172,847
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F-67


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

16. Trade and other receivables (continued)

 

For the year ended December 31, 2011, the provision for impairment of receivables movement was the following:

 

     Provision for
impairment of
receivables as of
December  31,
2010
    Charge for
the year
    Write offs     Provision for
impairment of
receivables as of
December  31,
2011
 

Cash receivable from agents

     (158,650     (33,721     28,906        (163,465

Deposits issued to merchants

     (642     (4,660     98        (5,204

Payment processing fees receivable from merchants

     (1,362     217        58        (1,087

Receivables for advertising

     (439     (12,989     266        (13,162

Advances issued to vendors

     (2,652     699        57        (1,896

Rent receivables

            (3,143            (3,143

Other receivables

     (1,224     (139     132        (1,231
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total trade and other receivables

     (164,969     (53,736     29,517        (189,188
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Discontinued operations

     (7,878     (43,037     (3,544     (54,459
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Trade and other receivables, including receivables from discontinued operations

     (172,847     (96,773     25,973        (243,647
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

For the year ended December 31, 2012, the provision for impairment of receivables movement was the following:

 

     Provision for
impairment of
receivables as of
December  31,
2011
    Charge for
the year
    Write offs      Provision for
impairment of
receivables as of
December  31,
2012
 

Cash receivable from agents

     (163,465     (136,975     12,423         (288,017

Deposits issued to merchants

     (5,204     (93     1         (5,296

Payment processing fees receivable from merchants

     (1,087     (802     537         (1,352

Receivables for advertising

     (13,162     (3,216     17         (16,361

Advances issued to vendors

     (1,896     (2,636     1,506         (3,026

Rent receivables

     (3,143     (558             (3,701

Other receivables

     (1,231     (8,071     5,498         (3,804
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total trade and other receivables

     (189,188     (152,351     19,982         (321,557
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Discontinued operations

     (54,459     (9,146     63,605           
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Trade and other receivables, including receivables from discontinued operations

     (243,647     (161,497     83,587         (321,557
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Receivables are non-interest bearing and credit terms generally do not exceed 30 days. There is no requirement for collateral to receive credit. Interest of 12%-36% per annum is accrued on overdrafts granted to some agents.

 

F-68


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

17. Cash and cash equivalents

As of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, cash and cash equivalents consisted of the following:

 

     As of
December 31,
2010
     As of
December 31,
2011
     As of
December 31,
2012
     As of
December 31,
2012
 
     RUB (000)      RUB (000)      RUB (000)      U.S.$ (000)  

Short-term deposits with CB RF

     5,720,916         7,221,849         6,658,389         219,223   

Other short-term bank deposits

     625,508         755,256         2,611,282         85,975   

RUB denominated cash with banks and on hand

     448,563         558,759         239,969         7,901   

Foreign currency denominated cash with banks and on hand

     96,894         274,577         433,520         14,273   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total cash and cash equivalents

     6,891,881         8,810,441         9,943,160         327,372   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash and short-term investments are placed in financial institutions or financial instruments, which are considered at the time of deposit to have minimal risk of default.

 

18. Other current assets

As of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, other current assets consisted of the following:

 

     As of
December 31,
2010
     As of
December 31,
2011
     As of
December 31,
2012
     As of
December 31,
2012
 
     RUB (000)      RUB (000)      RUB (000)      U.S.$ (000)  

Reserves at CB RF *

     19,838         29,441         54,683         1,800   

Other

     4,397         15,945         15,890         524   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total other current assets

     24,235         45,386         70,573         2,324   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

* Banks are currently required to post mandatory reserves with the CB RF to be held in non-interest bearing accounts. Starting from April 1, 2011, such mandatory reserves established by the CBR constitute 5.5% for liabilities towards non-residents and 4.0% for liabilities towards residents. The amount is excluded from cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash flow statement and does not have a repayment date.

 

19. Share capital, additional paid-in capital and other reserves

The charter capital of the Company consisted of 15,000 ordinary shares with par value of €1,71 each authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2011 (2010 – 15,000). All issued shares were fully paid. In case of liquidation, the Company’s assets remaining after settlement with creditors, payment of dividends and redemption of the par value of shares is distributed among the ordinary shareholders proportionately to the number of shares owned.

On August 22, 2012 the shareholders of the Group approved a split of the shares and the conversion the Company’s existing share capital comprising €25,650 (equivalent to 0.890) divided into 15,000 ordinary shares of the par value of €1,71 per share each fully paid into a larger number by splitting each share into 3,420 shares making a total of 51,300,000 shares of par value €0.0005 per share and an increase in the authorized share capital of the Company from €25,650 (equivalent to 0.890) to €76,950.

 

F-69


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

19. Share capital, additional paid-in capital and other reserves (continued)

 

On December 11, 2012 the Company increased its share capital by a way of issuance of 700,000 ordinary shares with a par value of €0.0005 per share proportionally to all of its shareholders at nominal value, so as to increase its share capital amounts to €26,000 (equivalent to 0.904), after issuance divided into 52,000,000 ordinary shares with a par value of €0.0005 per share. After stock split and issuance described above, 52,000,000 shares are assumed outstanding for all periods presented for the purpose of EPS computation.

On December 31, 2012 the Company converted its 153,900,000 authorized ordinary shares into 101,900,000 class A shares and 52,000,000 class B shares. After the conversion the authorized share capital of €76,950 was divided into 101,900,000 class A shares of €0.0005 and 52,000,000 class B shares of €0.0005 and the issued share capital of €26,000 (equivalent to 904) was divided into 52,000,000 class B shares of €0.0005.

Further, on December 31, 2012 the Company increased its authorized share capital from €76,950 divided into 101,900,000 class A shares of €0.0005 and 52,000,000 class B shares of €0.0005 to €115,425 divided into 117,500,000 class A shares of €0.0005 and 113,350,000 class B shares of €0.0005.

The additional paid-in capital of the Company in amount of 1,876,104 arose as a result of the acquisition in 2007 of ZAO e-port, ZAO QIWI Wallet and certain other subsidiaries in exchange for newly issued shares representing 35% of the Company’s share capital following issuance. The difference between the fair value of the shares issued and their nominal value was recorded as additional paid-in capital.

The other reserves of the Group’s equity represent the financial effects from changes in equity of associates, acquisitions and disposals, as well as other operations with non-controlling interests in the subsidiaries without loss of control and effect from option agreements over non-controlling interest and share-based payment transactions.

 

20. Borrowings

As of December 31, 2010, outstanding borrowings consisted of the following:

 

Short-term borrowings

   Effective
interest rate,  %
    Maturity    As of
December 31,
2010
 

Due to non-controlling shareholders of subsidiaries and other (U.S.$291,732, ZAR 1,000,000 and MDL 300,000)

     0-10   January, 2011 –

December, 2011

     11,695   

Promissory notes issued

     0   January, 2011      24,719   
       

 

 

 

Total short-term borrowings

          36,414   
       

 

 

 

 

Long-term borrowings

   Effective
interest rate,  %
    Maturity    As of
December 31,
2010
 

Due to non-controlling shareholders of subsidiaries (U.S.$580,421 and €193,060)

     10   March, 2012 –
December, 2012
     25,342   

Other Borrowings (€85,750; U.S.$100,000)

     0-10   October, 2012 –
November, 2012
     5,166   
       

 

 

 

Total long-term borrowings

          30,508   
       

 

 

 

 

F-70


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

20. Borrowings (continued)

 

As of December 31, 2011, outstanding borrowings consisted of the following:

 

Short-term borrowings

   Effective
interest rate,  %
    Maturity    As of
December 31,
2011
 

Due to non-controlling shareholders of subsidiaries (BYR 25,000,000, U.S.$580,421, €295,980, ZAR 1,922,520 and CLP 39,263,593)

     0-10   March, 2012 –
December, 2012
     44,333   

Alfa-Bank Ukraine (UAH 12,000,000)

     35   May, 2012      47,693   

Promissory notes issued

     0.01   On demand      16,297   

Other Borrowings (U.S.$353,950, ARS 82,914 and TJS 350,000)

     0-30   February,2012 –

November, 2012

     13,880   
       

 

 

 

Total short-term borrowings

          122,203   
       

 

 

 

 

Long-term borrowings

   Effective
interest rate,  %
    Maturity    As of
December 31,
2011
 

Due to non-controlling shareholders of subsidiaries (U.S.$1,783,532, €94,047 and BGN 35,900)

     10-10.5   May, 2013 –
August, 2015
     65,856   

Other Borrowings (€33,142 and U.S.$15,500)

     10-10.5   August, 2013 –
December, 2013
     1,954   
       

 

 

 

Total long-term borrowings

          67,810   
       

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2012, outstanding borrowings consisted of the following:

 

Short-term borrowings

   Effective
interest rate,  %
    Maturity    As of
December 31,
2012
     As of
December 31,
2012
 
                RUB (000)      U.S.$ (000)  

Due to non-controlling shareholders of subsidiaries (BYR 75,000,000, U.S.$245,532 and €119,197)

     10   July, 2013      15,754         519   

Other Borrowings (U.S.$269,450)

     0-10.3   July, 2013 –
December, 2013
     10,351         340   
       

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total short-term borrowings

          26,105         859   
       

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

20. Borrowings (continued)

 

Long-term borrowings

   Effective
interest rate,  %
    Maturity    As of
December 31,
2012
     As of
December 31,
2012
 
                RUB (000)      U.S.$ (000)  

Due to non-controlling shareholders of subsidiaries (U.S.$1,030,500 and €95,060)

     10-10.5   February, 2014 –
August, 2015
     38,762         1,276   
       

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total long-term borrowings

          38,762         1,276   
       

 

 

    

 

 

 

Repayments of long-term and short-term borrowings beginning on January 1, 2013, including interest are as follows:

 

2013

     32,332   

2014

     21,487   

2015

     18,262   
  

 

 

 

Total borrowings

     72,081   
  

 

 

 

Less interest

     (7,214
  

 

 

 

Total borrowings

     64,867   
  

 

 

 

On September 30, 2010, ZAO Ob’edinennya Sistema Momentalnykh Platezhey entered into a short-term overdraft facility agreement with bank VTB for an overdraft of up to 665,000 with interest payable on amounts drawn and outstanding at 9%. The credit facility was to be settled within 181 days from the dates of disbursement. In March 2011, ZAO Ob’edinennya Sistema Momentalnykh Platezhey fully repaid this facility.

On September 6, 2012 ZAO Ob’edinennya Sistema Momentalnykh Platezhey entered into two short-term overdraft facility agreements with bank VTB for an overdraft up to 400,000 and 500,000 with a commitment fee payable on the total amount of the facility of 0.65% per annum, and interest payable on amounts drawn and outstanding at 10.3% and 10.2%, respectively. The 400,000 credit facility is available for 335 days and to be settled within 365 days. The 500,000 credit facility was available until January 5, 2013 and was settled on January 17, 2013. Interest on the outstanding 400,000 credit facility can be increased by 1% if a monthly turnover of overdraft does not exceed the average outstanding loan plus 800,000. The overdraft facilities contain covenants, mainly related to maintaining certain level of revenue, profitability, debt, as well as contractual relationships with the three largest Russian mobile operators as service merchants, and maintaining liquidity at QIWI Bank. The 500,000 agreement also provided for a limitation on payment of dividends by OSMP. The overdraft facilities are guaranteed by the CEO of the Group. As of December 31, 2012, the credit facilities were fully repaid.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

21. Trade and other payables

As of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, the Group’s accounts payable and other payables consisted of the following:

 

     As of
December 31,
2010
     As of
December 31,
2011
     As of
December 31,
2012
     As of
December 31,
2012
 
     RUB (000)      RUB (000)      RUB (000)      U.S.$ (000)  

Payables to merchants

     1,648,087         2,776,325         4,262,529         140,341   

Deposits received from agents

     6,787,335         6,605,327         7,599,407         250,205   

Deposits received from individual customers

     427,401         985,500         2,256,927         74,308   

Payment processing fees payable to agents

     450,272         480,687         483,384         15,915   

Accrued expenses

     156,537         143,610         192,580         6,341   

Payables to vendors

     64,269         62,210         92,014         3,029   

Payables for rent

     6,198         30,026         16,031         528   

Payables to employees

     35,957         6,321         2,225         73   

Other advances received

     1,445         3,785         29,097         958   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total trade and other payables

     9,577,501         11,093,791         14,934,194         491,698   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

22. Amounts due to customers and amounts due to banks

As of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, amounts due to customers and amounts due to banks consisted of the following:

 

     As of
December 31,
2010
     As of
December 31,
2011
     As of
December 31,
2012
     As of
December 31,
2012
 
     RUB (000)      RUB (000)      RUB (000)      U.S.$ (000)  

Due to banks

     215,611         618,713         31,871         1,049   

Due to customers: individuals

     102,591         343,163         379,996         12,512   

Due to customers: legal entities

     921,855         430,490         532,682         17,538   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total amounts due to customers and amounts due to banks

     1,240,057         1,392,366         944,549         31,099   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Amounts due to customers and amounts due to banks do not bear interests.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

23. Revenue

Revenue for the years ended December 31 was as follows:

 

     2010      2011      2012      2012  
     RUB (000)      RUB (000)      RUB (000)      U.S.$ (000)  

Payment processing fees

     5,561,004         7,121,447         7,623,828         251,009   

Revenue from advertising

     278,109         262,130         454,056         14,949   

Interest revenue from agent’s overdrafts

     134,317         184,890         205,400         6,763   

Interest revenue

     57,488         136,607         234,121         7,708   

Revenue from rent of space for kiosks

             268,883         88,548         2,915   

Cash and settlement services

     14,392         55,120         216,020         7,112   

Other revenue

     112,325         129,020         89,465         2,947   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total revenue

     6,157,635         8,158,097         8,911,438         293,403   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

24. Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) for the years ended December 31 was as follows:

 

     2010      2011      2012      2012  
     RUB (000)      RUB (000)      RUB (000)      U.S.$ (000)  

Transaction costs

     3,156,378         4,446,945         4,420,460         145,541   

Payroll and related taxes

     391,584         668,948         712,360         23,454   

Advertising commissions

     5,301         13,631         68,841         2,267   

Cost of rent of space for kiosks

             237,936         95,214         3,135   

Other expenses

     197,706         205,149         157,413         5,182   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

     3,750,969         5,572,609         5,454,288         179,579   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

25. Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31 were as follows:

 

     2010      2011      2012      2012  
     RUB (000)      RUB (000)      RUB (000)      U.S.$ (000)  

Payroll and related taxes

     772,314         888,666         1,029,605         33,899   

Rent of premises and related utility expenses

     103,834         156,366         135,671         4,467   

Bad debt expense

     35,508         54,389         201,881         6,647   

Office maintenance expenses

     86,121         93,352         118,467         3,900   

Telecommunication and internet expenses

     46,391         49,356         47,228         1,555   

Travelling and representation expenses

     35,991         48,816         43,777         1,441   

Advertising and related expenses

     205,407         147,076         39,924         1,314   

Professional fees

     26,879         40,875         20,827         686   

Other tax expenses

     20,777         36,998         53,831         1,772   

Bank services

     70,854         2,610         6,757         222   

Offering expenses

                     109,237         3,597   

Other operating expenses

     14,663         25,184         31,592         1,041   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total selling, general and administrative expenses

     1,418,739         1,543,688         1,838,797         60,541   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

26. Other income

Other income for the years ended December 31 was as follows:

 

     2010      2011      2012      2012  
     RUB (000)      RUB (000)      RUB (000)      U.S.$ (000)  

Income from initial recognition of loans at market rate

                     8,042         265   

Income from penalties

     11,431         2,229         2,633         87   

Other

     9,146         7,391         5,994         197   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total other income

     20,577         9,620         16,669         549   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

27. Other expenses

Other expenses for the years ended December 31 were as follows:

 

     2010      2011      2012      2012  
     RUB (000)      RUB (000)      RUB (000)      U.S.$ (000)  

Discount of loans issued to related parties

             30,993                   

Share of (profit) / loss for the period attributable to non-controlling interest and accounted for as a liability

     17,384         16,609         24,298         800   

Loss on acquisition of non-controlling interest classified as a liability (Note 6)

             12,252                   

Other

     17,069         13,328         4,440         146   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total other expenses

     34,453         73,182         28,738         946   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

28. Dividends paid and proposed

Dividends paid and proposed by the Group are presented below:

 

     2010      2011      2012  

Proposed, declared and approved during the year:

        

Final dividend for 2010: 6,475 or 0.12 per share; final dividend for 2011 U.S.$1,342,316 or U.S.$0.03 per share; interim dividend for 2012: 820,039 or 15.77 per share;

(2011: Final dividend for 2010: U.S.$7,913,055 or U.S.$0.15 per share; interim dividends for 2011: U.S.$6,411,623 or U.S.$0.12 per share;

2010: final dividend for 2009: U.S.$4,200,000 or U.S.$0.08 per share; interim dividend for 2010: U.S.$8,000,000 or U.S.$0.15 per share).

     373,999         416,537         866,900   

Paid during the period:

        

Final dividend for 2010: 6,475 or 0.12 per share; final dividend for 2011 U.S.$1,342,316 or U.S.$0.03 per share; interim dividend for 2012: 819,844, or 15.77 per share;

(2011: Final dividend for 2011: U.S.$7,913,055 or U.S.$0.15 per share; interim dividends for 2011: U.S.$6,411,623 or U.S.$0.12 per share;

2010: final dividends for 2009: U.S.$4,200,000 or U.S.$0.08 per share; interim dividends for 2010: U.S.$8,000,000 or U.S.$0.15 per share).

     370,327         424,720         865,687   

Proposed for approval

(not recognized as a liability as of December 31):

        

Final dividends for 2012: nil.

(2011: Final dividends for 2011: U.S.$1,342,316 or U.S.$0.03 per share and interim dividends for 2012: 75,215 or 1.44 per share; 2010: 0).

             115,601           

Dividends payable as of December 31

                       

During the year ended December 31, 2012 SP OOO OSMP-M (Moldova) paid dividends to non-controlling shareholders in the amount of 908 and QIWI Bank proposed, declared and approved dividends to non-controlling shareholders in the amount of 6. Dividends payable as of December 31, 2012 relates to dividends payable by QIWI Bank to non-controlling shareholders in amount of 6 (other current liabilities).

 

During the year ended December 31, 2011, Diomachin Ltd paid dividends to non-controlling shareholders in the amount of 54,682 and TOO OSMP paid dividends to non-controlling shareholders in the amount of 22,902 (dividends in amount of 16,781 were offset with loans issued by the Group to non-controlling shareholders). No dividends were payable as of December 31, 2011 to non-controlling shareholders.

During the year ended December 31, 2010, Diomachin Ltd paid dividends to non-controlling shareholders in the amount of 48,800. No dividends were payable as of December 31, 2010 to non-controlling shareholders.

Prior to 2012, the Company distributed dividends in U.S.$, but starting from 2012 it began to pay dividends in Russian rubles.

The Company itself is a holding company, and majority of its consolidated earnings are earnings of its foreign subsidiaries. Earnings of its foreign subsidiaries are not easily distributable to the Company due to currency control restrictions, taxation of dividends and other restrictions.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

29. Income tax

The Company is incorporated in the Cyprus under the Cyprus Companies Law, but the business activity of the Group and its associates is subject to taxation in multiple jurisdictions, the most significant of which include:

Cyprus

The Company is subject to a 10% corporate income tax applied to its income. Gains from the sale of securities/titles (including shares of companies) either in Cyprus or abroad are exempt from corporate income tax in Cyprus. Capital Gains Tax is levied at a rate of 20 % on net profits from disposal of immovable property situated in Cyprus or of shares in companies which own immovable property situated in Cyprus (unless the shares are listed on a recognized stock exchange). Dividend income is also income tax exempt, and under certain conditions also exempted from the special defence contribution of the Republic of Cyprus.

The Russian Federation

The Company’s subsidiaries and associates incorporated in the Russian Federation are subject to corporate income tax at the standard rate of 20% applied to their taxable income. Withholding tax of 15% is applied to any dividends paid out of Russia, reduced to as low as 5% for some countries (including Cyprus), with which Russia has double-taxation treaties.

Kazakhstan and Ukraine

The Company’s subsidiaries incorporated in the Kazakhstan and Ukraine are subject to corporate income tax at the standard rate of 20% and 23%, respectively, applied to their taxable income.

 

F-77


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

29. Income tax (continued)

 

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, relate to the following:

 

     As of
December 31,
2010
    As of
December 31,
2011
    As of
December 31,
2012
    As of
December 31,
2012
 
     RUB (000)     RUB (000)     RUB (000)     U.S.$ (000)  

Property and equipment

     6,227        4,354        1,836        60   

Intangible assets

     (68,515     (60,722     (48,335     (1,590

Inventories

     566        1,245        2,253        74   

Other non-current assets

            (4,012     (3,265     (107

Trade and other payables

     54,538        51,120        38,862        1,279   

Allowance for doubtful accounts

     40,820        50,619        76,537        2,519   

Trade and other receivables

     (8,536     (3,641              

Tax loss carry forwards

     23,263        65,171        13,641        449   

Advances received

     10,047                        

Loans issued

            7,027        3,884        128   

Debt instruments

     1,053        4,307        (3,800     (125

Deferred revenue

                   3,105        102   

Taxes on unremitted earnings

     (21,626     (14,909     (20,101     (662
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

     37,837        100,559        64,617        2,127   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Not recognized deferred tax assets

     (13,324     (56,524     (6,877     (226
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net deferred income tax asset

     24,513        44,035        57,740        1,901   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

including:

        

Deferred tax asset

     108,480        98,437        101,805        3,352   

Deferred tax liability

     (83,967     (54,402     (44,065     (1,451

Deferred tax asset arising from tax loss carry forwards relate to loss making subsidiaries operating principally in Russia, China, South Africa, the UK and India. Term of expiration of the related tax loss carry forwards is 10 years in Russia, 8 years in India and without limits in other jurisdictions.

The Company does not intend to distribute a portion of its accumulated undistributed foreign earnings. At December 31, 2012 the amount of tax that it would pay to distribute them would be 20,101.

Deferred tax assets relating to tax loss carry forwards amounting to 6,877 were not recognized as of 2012 (2011 – 56,524; 2010 – 13,324) because the Group does not believe that the realization of related deferred tax assets is probable.

 

     2010     2011      2012      2012  
     RUB (000)     RUB (000)      RUB (000)      U.S.$ (000)  

Deferred income tax asset/(liability), net as of January 1

     1,620        24,513         44,035         1,450   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Effect of acquisitions/disposals of subsidiaries

     (43,489                       

Deferred tax benefit

     66,382        19,522         13,705         451   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred income tax asset/(liability), net as of December 31

     24,513        44,035         57,740         1,901   
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F-78


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

29. Income tax (continued)

 

For the year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, income tax expense included:

 

     2010     2011     2012     2012  
     RUB (000)     RUB (000)     RUB (000)     U.S.$ (000)  

Total tax expense from continuing operations

     (204,346     (240,523     (407,729     (13,425
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

including:

        

Current income tax expense

     (261,110     (270,108     (426,887     (14,056

Deferred tax benefit

     56,764        29,585        19,158        631   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total tax expenses from discontinued operations

     (61,074     (18,687     (6,828     (224
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

including:

        

Current income tax expense

     (70,692     (8,624     (1,375     (44

Deferred tax benefit / (expense)

     9,618        (10,063     (5,453     (180
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income tax expense for the year

     (265,420     (259,210     (414,557     (13,649
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Theoretical and actual income tax expense for continuing operations is reconciled as follows:

 

     2010     2011     2012     2012  
     RUB (000)     RUB (000     RUB (000)     U.S.$ (000)  

Profit before tax from continuing operations

     821,237        826,502        1,455,870        47,934   

Theoretical income tax expense at the Company’s tax rate of 10% (Cyprus)

     (82,124     (82,650     (145,587)        (4,793

Increase resulting from the tax effect of:

        

Non-deductible expenses and non-taxable income

     (20,992     (34,514     (52,808)        (1,740

Tax on dividends

     (25,430     (34,876     (53,189)        (1,751

Effect of income of subsidiaries taxed at different rates

     (79,125     (85,554     (141,139)        (4,647

Unrecognized tax assets

     3,325        (824     (15,006)        (494

Other

            (2,105              
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total income tax expense

     (204,346     (240,523     (407,729     (13,425
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The Company intends to repatriate all 2012 earnings from its Russian subsidiaries, which resulted in accrual of respective taxes on unremitted earnings.

 

F-79


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

29. Income tax (continued)

 

Theoretical and actual income tax expense for discontinued operations is reconciled as follows:

 

     2010     2011     2012     2012  
     RUB (000)     RUB (000)     RUB (000)     U.S.$ (000)  

Profit before tax from discontinued operations

     198,805        (137,568     (233,535     (7,689

Theoretical income tax expense / (benefit) at the Company’s tax rate of 10% (Cyprus)

     (19,881     13,757        23,354        769   

Increase resulting from the tax effect of:

        

Non-deductible expense and non-taxable income

     (1     3,551        168        6   

Difference due to change in tax legislation

            (8,698              

Tax on dividends

     (11,601     426        23        1   

Effect of loss / (income) of subsidiaries taxed at different rates

     (17,106     26,258        20,406        672   

Unrecognized tax assets

     (12,485     (53,981     (41,494     (1,365

Non-taxable gain from disposal of subsidiaries

                   4,655        153   

Tax effect of non-deductible loss on re-measurement to fair value

                   (13,940     (460
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total income tax expense

     (61,074     (18,687     (6,828     (224
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

30. Commitments, contingencies and operating risks

Operating environment

Russia continues economic reforms and development of its legal, tax and regulatory frameworks as required by a market economy. The future stability of the Russian economy is largely dependent upon these reforms and developments and the effectiveness of economic, financial and monetary measures undertaken by the government.

The Russian economy is vulnerable to market downturns and economic slowdowns elsewhere in the world. The global financial crisis has resulted in uncertainty regarding further economic growth, availability of financing and cost of capital, which could negatively affect the Group’s future financial position, results of operations and business prospects. Management believes it is taking appropriate measures to support the sustainability of the Group’s business in the current circumstances.

Taxation

Russian and the CIS’s tax, currency and customs legislation is subject to varying interpretations, and changes, which can occur frequently. Management’s interpretation of such legislation as applied to the transactions and activity of the Group may be challenged by the relevant regional and federal authorities. Recent events within Russia and the CIS suggest that the tax authorities are taking a more assertive position in its interpretation of the legislation and assessments and as a result, it is possible that transactions and activities that have not been challenged in the past may be challenged.

As of December 31, 2012 management believes that its interpretation of the relevant legislation is appropriate and that the Group’s tax positions will be sustained. However, the interpretations of the relevant authorities could

 

F-80


Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

30. Commitments, contingencies and operating risks (continued)

 

Taxation (continued)

 

differ and the maximum effect of additional taxes, fines and penalties on these consolidated financial statements, if the authorities were successful in enforcing their different interpretations, could amount up to 79,934.

The Group’s operations and financial position will continue to be affected by Russia and the CIS political developments, including the application and interpretation of existing and future legislation and tax regulations. Such possible occurrences and their effect on the Group could have a severe impact on the Group’s operations or its financial position in Russia and the CIS.

While management believes, it is taking appropriate measures to support the sustainability of the Group’s business in the current circumstances, unexpected further deterioration in the areas described above could negatively affect the Group’s results and financial position in a manner not currently determinable.

Government regulation of the electronic payment systems

In some jurisdictions where the Group operates, there is currently little to almost no legislation on e-payments, and no assurance can be made that if such legislation is adopted it will be beneficial to the Group’s business. In addition, there is a lot of uncertainty regarding future legislation on taxation of e-payments, including in respect of the place of taxation. Subsequent legislation and regulation and interpretations thereof, litigation, court rulings, or other events could expose the Group to increased costs, liability and reputational damage that could have a material adverse effect on the Group’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

Anti-Trust Investigation in Kazakhstan

In March 2012, our subsidiary in Kazakhstan became subject to the anti-trust investigation conducted by the Competition Protection Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan, or the Agency, concerning alleged abuse of its dominant electronic payment market position in this country. The maximum liability to which the Group can be exposed is a penalty equal to 10% of the revenue earned as a result of market abuse, plus confiscation of the full amount of such revenue. The maximum liability is determined in reference to not more than one year of such revenues. No fine has been levied as a result of the investigation, but the Agency has issued an order to rectify violations of the anti-trust legislation. The Group has complied with the orders and has taken actions to remedy applicable failures. The Group expects similar investigations by the Agency in future to recur, but cannot reliably estimate at this time the amounts of claims that can be brought against the Group in the future in connection with them.

Insurance policies

The Group holds no insurance policies in relation to its assets, operations, or in respect of public liability or other insurable risks.

Legal proceedings

The Group has been and continues to be the subject of legal proceedings and adjudications from time to time, none of which has had, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse impact on the Group. Management believes that the resolution of all business matters will not have a material impact on the Group’s financial position or operating results.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

30. Commitments, contingencies and operating risks (continued)

 

Operating lease commitments:

The Group has commercial lease agreements of office buildings and kiosk places. The leases have an average life of between one (for kiosk places) and ten (for office buildings) years. Total lease expense for the year ended December 31, 2012 is for rent of office places 119,432 (2011 – 117,515; 2010 – 90,736) and for kiosk places rent 95,214 (2011 – 237,936; 2010 – 0).

Future minimum lease rentals under non-cancellable operating lease commitments for office premises as of December 31, 2012 are as follows:

 

Within one year

     93,994   

After one year but not more than five years

     262,262   

More than five years

     198,887   

Pledge of assets

As of December 31, 2012 the Group pledged debt instruments with the carrying amount of 1,174,700 (2011 – 400,697; 2010 – 474,017) as collateral for merchants.

 

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QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

31. Balances and transactions with related parties

The following table sets forth the total amount of transactions entered into with related parties for the relevant financial year and balances with related parties as of the end of the relevant years:

 

Category of related party

   Amounts
owed by
related parties
     Cash held with
related parties
     Amounts owed
to related
parties
    Cash due to
related party
customers
 

As of December 31, 2010

          

Entities with joint control or significant influence over the entity

                            400,120   

Associates

     8,696                          

Key management personnel of the entity or its parent, incl.:

          

Short-term benefits

                     (16,667       

Other operations

                     (16,297     (5,222

Other related parties

     35,463         96,505         (74,218     (1,823

As of December 31, 2011

          

Associates

     286,312            (901     (258

Key management personnel of the entity or its parent, incl.:

          

Short-term benefits

                     (21,381       

Other operations

     20,010                 (16,297     (164,694

Other related parties

     167,386            (228,012       

As of December 31, 2012

          

Entities with joint control or significant influence over the entity

     14                          

Associates

     157,145                 (53,966     (11,032

Key management personnel of the entity or its parent, incl.:

          

Short-term benefits

                     (16,700       

Other operations

                            (232,682

Other related parties

     7,554                 (198,423     (14,475

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

31. Balances and transactions with related parties (continued)

 

Category of related party

   Sales to
related
parties
     Transaction
costs to
related
parties
    Operating
income and
expenses
    Interest paid/
received
    Dividends
paid
 

The year ended December 31, 2010

           

Entities with joint control or significant influence over the entity

                                  (373,999

Associates

     2,475                2,029        13          

Key management personnel of the entity or its parent (short-term benefits)

                    (120,628              

Other related parties

     127,266         (194,745     (75,238     (1,032     (48,800

The year ended December 31, 2011

           

Entities with joint control or significant influence over the entity

                                  (416,537

Associates

     154,486                (27,434     794          

Key management personnel of the entity or its parent (short-term benefits)

                    (130,963              

Other related parties

     70,696         (193,630     (4,446     (1,855     (77,584

The year ended December 31, 2012

           

Entities with joint control or significant influence over the entity

                                  (865,687

Associates

     231,003         (4            23,889          

Key management personnel of the entity or its parent, incl.:

           

Short-term benefits

                    (124,164              

Share-based payments

                    (20,576              

Other operations

                           210          

Other related parties

     127,213         (9,545     (7,586     (3,802       

One of the associates acts as an agent in the project of renting space for kiosks. The total amount due from a related party of 152,061 (2011 – 206,909; 2010 – nil) consists of a current receivable of 249 (2011 – 48,132; 2010 – nil) and a loan of 151,812 (2011 – 158,777; 2010 – nil) made by the Group. This represents the amount due for assignment of lease deposit paid by the Group to the lessor. The loan bears interest at a rate of 8% per annum. Its carrying amount was adjusted to reflect a market interest rate of 14%.

One of the associates acts as an agent between one of the merchants and the Group. The revenue earned by the Group from this associate in the amount of 167,723 (2011 – nil; 2010 – nil) represents payment processing fees revenue and is classified into sales to related parties. By September 18, 2012 the Group disposed of almost all of its ownership interest in this associate and lost significant influence over it. The terms of this payment processing arrangement were entered into on arm’s length terms and do not deviate in any material aspect from the terms that we would use in similar contracts with non-related parties.

Other related parties include a company owned by the same shareholders as the Group that acts as an agent collecting payments through electronic payment kiosks from customers. The expense incurred to it by the Group represent transaction costs. As of March 31, 2012, this counter party was no longer a related party. The terms of this commission arrangement were entered into on arm’s length terms and do not deviate in any material aspect from the terms that the Group would use in similar contracts with non-related parties.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

31. Balances and transactions with related parties (continued)

 

Amounts owed to us by related parties include loans issued to key management bearing interest of 7 to 11% per annum. All of the above loans to officers were repaid as of December 31, 2012 or subsequent to this date.

Other related parties include a group of companies controlled by one of the shareholders that act as merchants. Income accrued by the Group from these related parties for the year ended December 31, 2012 in the amount of 123,321 (2011 – 68,059; 2010 – 28,184) represents payment processing fees. Expenses incurred from these entities by the Group for the year ended December 31, 2012 in the amount 2,653 (2011 – 164; 2010 – 702) represents transaction costs. The terms of this commission arrangement were entered into on arm’s length terms and do not deviate in any material aspect from the terms that the Group would use in similar contracts with non-related parties.

The Group sold subsidiaries with a total carrying amount of net assets of 25,175 (immediately prior to the classification of the disposal groups as discontinued operations) to entities affiliated with a shareholder and a member of the board of directors of the Group for 61,391. In addition, the Group recorded investment in QIWI BRASIL TECNOLOGIA DE CAPTURA E PROCESSAMENTO DE TRANSAÇÕES LTDA (Brazil) at fair value amounting to 6,355. As a result, gain recognized from this sale was 42,571 in 2012. In December 2012, the Group collected 61,391 from the sale of these subsidiaries and related assignment of loans.

The Group also sold subsidiaries with a total carrying amount of negative net assets of 25,271 to a member of the board of directors of the Group for 16. Loss from this sale was 513.

The above stated balances and transactions have been entered into on terms as described above or as between the parties, are not secured, nor bear interest except that disclosed above and in Note 20.

 

32. Risk management

The main risks that could adversely affect the Group’s financial assets, liabilities or future cash flows are interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk, liquidity and capital management’s risks and credit risk. Management reviews and agrees policies for managing each of the risks which are summarized below.

Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk arises from the possibility that changes in interest rates will affect future cash flows or the fair values of financial instruments. The Group’s income and operating cash flows are substantially independent of changes in market interest rates, because it has no significant interest-bearing assets or liabilities except for borrowings with a fixed interest rate (Note 20). The Group used fixed rate instruments in 2012 and 2011.

Foreign exchange risk

Foreign exchange risk is the risk that fluctuations in exchange rates will adversely affect items in the Group’s statement of comprehensive income, statement of financial position and/or cash flows. Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities give rise to foreign exchange exposure.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

32. Risk management (continued)

 

Foreign exchange risk (continued)

 

As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Group’s net assets in foreign currencies were not significant. Taking into account the structure of its net assets and the exchange rates fluctuations in 2012 and 2011, the Group evaluated foreign exchange risk as not significant.

Liquidity risk and capital management

The Group uses cash from shareholders’ contributions, has sufficient cash and does not have any significant outstanding debt other than interbank debt with short maturities (classified as due from banks). Deposits received from agents are also due on demand, but are usually offset against future payments processed through agents. The Group expects that agent’s deposits will continue to be offset against future payments and not be called by the agents. Amounts due to customers and amounts due to banks and trade and other payables are due on demand.

According to CB RF requirements, a bank’s capital calculated based on Russian accounting standards should be not less than 10% of its risk-adjusted assets. As of December 31, 2012, ZAO “QIWI Bank’s” capital comprised 14% (2011 – 46.4%; 2010 – 40.58%) thereby exceeding the required level. ZAO “QIWI Bank” monitors the fulfillment of requirements on a daily basis and sends the report to CB RF on a monthly basis. During the year 2012 and 2011 ZAO “QIWI Bank” met the capital adequacy requirements (CB RF).

As of December 31, 2012, the risk-adjusted capital adequacy coefficient calculated in accordance with Basel Accord agreement consisted of 26% (2011 – 114%; 2010 – 140.4%) that exceeded minimal level (8%, 2011 – 8%; 2010 – 8%).

The Group manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it, in light of changes in economic conditions. Capital includes share capital, additional paid-in capital, other reserves and translation reserve. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may make dividend payments to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares. Currently, the Group requires capital to finance its growth, but it generates sufficient cash from its operations. The table below summarizes the maturity profile of the Company’s financial liabilities based on contractual undiscounted payments.

 

            Due:                
     Total      On demand      Within a year      More than a year  

Long-term and short-term borrowings

     66,922                 36,414         30,508   

Trade and other payables

     9,577,501         9,577,501                   

Amounts due to customers and amounts due to banks

     1,240,057         1,240,057                   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total as of December 31, 2010

     10,884,480         10,817,558         36,414         30,508   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

32. Risk management (continued)

 

Liquidity risk and capital management (continued)

 

            Due:                
     Total      On demand      Within a year      More than a year  

Long-term and short-term borrowings

     190,013                 122,203         67,810   

Trade and other payables

     11,093,791         11,093,791                   

Amounts due to customers and amounts due to banks

     1,392,366         1,392,366                   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total as of December 31, 2011

     12,676,170         12,486,157         122,203         67,810   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
            Due:                
     Total      On demand      Within a year      More than a year  

Long-term and short-term borrowings

     64,867                 26,105         38,762   

Trade and other payables

     14,934,194         14,934,194                   

Amounts due to customers and amounts due to banks

     944,549         944,549                   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total as of December 31, 2012

     15,943,610         15,878,743         26,105         38,762   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Credit risk

Financial assets, which potentially subject the Group and its subsidiaries and associates to credit risk, consist principally of trade receivables, loans receivable issued, cash and short-term investments. The Group sells services on a prepayment basis or ensures that its receivables are from customers with an appropriate credit history – large merchants and agents with sufficient and appropriate credit history. The Group’s receivables from merchants and others, except for agents, are generally non-interest-bearing and do not require collateral. Receivables and loans from agents are interest-bearing and are primarily secured by collateral, which includes pledge of agents’ assets and guarantees. The above collateral does not meet criteria for separate recognition under IFRS and may be insufficient to cover the receivables, but is taken into account when assessing the impairment of related receivables and loans. The Group holds cash primarily with reputable Russian and international banks, including CB RF, which management considers to have minimal risk of default, although credit ratings of Russian and Kazakh banks are generally lower than those of the banks in more developed markets. Short-term investments include fixed-rate debt instruments issued by the top Russian banks.

The carrying amount of accounts receivable, net of allowance for impairment of receivables, represents the maximum amount exposed to credit risk for this type of receivables (Note 16). The table below demonstrates the largest counterparties’ balances and revenues, as a percentage of respective totals:

 

     Trade and other receivables     Revenue  
     As of
December 31,
2010
    As of
December 31,
2011
    As of
December 31,
2012
    2010     2011     2012  

Concentration of credit risks by main counterparties, % from total amount

            

Top 5

     33     41     60     58     45     24

Others

     67     59     40     42     55     76

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

32. Risk management (continued)

 

Credit risk (continued)

 

Collection of receivables could be influenced by economic factors; management believes that there is no significant risk of loss to the Group beyond the allowance already recorded.

 

33. Financial instruments

The Group’s principal financial instruments consisted of loans receivable, trade and other receivables, trade and other payables, cash and cash equivalents, long and short-term debt instruments and borrowings. The Group has various other financial assets and liabilities which arise directly from its operations. During the year, the Group did not undertake trading in financial instruments.

The fair value of the Group’s financial instruments as of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, is presented by type of the financial instrument in the table below:

 

         As of
December 31, 2010
    As of
December 31, 2011
    As of
December 31, 2012
 
         Carrying
amount
    Fair value     Carrying
amount
    Fair value     Carrying
amount
    Fair value  

Financial assets

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   LAR     6,891,881        6,891,881        8,810,441        8,810,441        9,943,160        9,943,160   

Trade and other receivables

   LAR     1,950,960        1,950,960        2,704,827        2,704,827        3,437,671        3,437,671   

Debt instruments

   HTM     1,478,303        1,477,315        934,031        933,518        2,367,592        2,369,435   

Call options over shares of subsidiaries and associates

   FVTPL     8,601        8,601        8,601        8,601                 

Short-term loans

   LAR     50,967        50,967        51,107        51,107        324,086        324,086   

Long-term loans

   LAR     22,408        22,408        206,832        206,832        185,384        185,384   
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total financial assets

       10,403,120        10,402,132        12,715,839        12,715,326        16,257,893        16,259,736   
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial liabilities

              

Long-term borrowings

   FLAC     30,508        30,508        67,810        67,810        38,762        38,762   

Short-term borrowings

   FLAC     36,414        36,414        122,203        122,203        26,105        26,105   

Trade and other payables

   FLAC     9,577,501        9,577,501        11,093,791        11,093,791        14,934,194        14,934,194   

Due to banks

   FLAC     215,611        215,611        618,713        618,713        31,871        31,871   

Bank’s customer’s accounts

   FLAC     1,024,446        1,024,446        773,653        773,653        912,678        912,678   

Non-controlling interest

   FLAC     25,179        25,179        12,508        12,508                 

Put option over shares of non-controlling interest

   FVTPL     8,273        8,273        8,273        8,273                 
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total financial liabilities

       10,917,932        10,917,932        12,696,951        12,696,951        15,943,610        15,943,610   
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

33. Financial instruments (continued)

 

Financial instruments used by the Group are included in one of the following categories:

 

   

LAR – loans and receivables;

 

   

AFS – available-for-sale financial assets

 

   

FLAC – financial liabilities at amortized cost;

 

   

HTM – held-to-maturity financial assets

 

   

FVTPL – assets accounted at fair value through profit or loss

The fair value of the financial assets and liabilities included at the amount the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate fair values:

 

   

Cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable and payable, other current assets and liabilities approximate their carrying amount largely due to short-term maturities of these instruments;

 

   

Non-current financial liabilities is estimated by discounting future cash flows using rates currently available for debt of similar terms and remaining maturities.

Long-term fixed-rate assets are evaluated by the Group based on parameters such as interest rates, specific country risk factors and individual creditworthiness of the customer. Based on this evaluation, impairment is taken into account for the expected losses of these receivables. As of December 31, 2012 the carrying amounts of such receivables, net of allowances, are not materially different from their calculated fair values.

The carrying value of HTM securities as of December 31, 2011 is 934,031 (2010 – 1,478,303) while their fair value as of December 31, 2011 (net of interest accrued) consisted of 933,518 (2010 – 1,477,315). The Group concluded that no impairment needed to be recorded at December 31, 2011 because the difference between the amortized cost and the current fair value is immaterial (see also Note 29). Long term investments HTM include debt securities carried at amortized cost.

The Group only used fair value to account for its call and put options over unquoted shares of its insignificant subsidiaries and associates (see above). The Group uses the following IFRS hierarchy for determining and disclosing the fair value of financial instruments by valuation technique:

 

Level 1:

  Quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2:

  Other techniques for which all inputs that have a significant effect on the recorded fair value are observable, either directly or indirectly;

Level 3:

  Techniques that use inputs that have a significant effect on the recorded fair value that are not based on observable market data.

The Group used Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing models to determine the values of the above options, which included certain unobservable market inputs, primarily unquoted share price. For that reason, these

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

33. Financial instruments (continued)

 

instruments are considered Level 3. No changes to the reasonably possible alternative share prices used in the option-pricing valuation models would change the related fair values significantly. Please, refer to the line “Change in fair value of derivative financial assets” for the effect of changes in the fair values of the related financial instruments on the Group’s consolidated statement of comprehensive income. No gains or losses were recognized in other comprehensive income. A reconciliation of the beginning and closing balances of Level 3 financial instruments including movements is summarized below:

 

     Call options over
shares of subsidiaries
and associates
    Put option over shares
of a non-controlling
interest
 

Balance as of December 31, 2010

     8,601        (8,273

Acquisition of an option for no consideration (recorded through equity)

              

Balance as of December 31, 2011

     8,601        (8,273

Re-measurement (recorded through profit and loss)

     (8,601     8,273   

Balance as of December 31, 2012

              

Most of these options, except for the Dengionline option (see Note 7), which had a fair value at December 31, 2012 of zero, were disposed of as part of disposal of assets classified as held for sale in the 2012 (see Note 8).

 

34. Share-based payments

In October, 2012 the board of directors and shareholders approved an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) for management of the Group, under which up to 2,565,000 shares of the Company can be granted to management during the ten years of the plan term. Vesting is individually agreed for each grant. The contractual term of the options granted is 10 years from the date of grant. The board of directors shall determine the exercise price applicable to the options granted under the ESOP. Following an initial public offering of the Group, the exercise price shall not be less than the average closing price of the shares on the principal exchange on which such shares are then traded for the ten business days immediately preceding the grant date. The exercise price of the options granted prior to the IPO shall equal U.S.$13.6452 per share. The options can be exercised on a gross or net share basis. Upon exercise, the shares cannot be sold or otherwise transferred until after the Group achieves a net income target per the Group’s management accounts (prepared on a basis consistent with the basis of preparation of segment data) of U.S.$170 million for the most recent fiscal year.

On December 21, 2012 the Group granted the options over 2,216,778 shares of the Company to its employees and management, which are expected to vest as follows:

 

tranche 1 – at time of grant

     347,232   

tranche 2 – January 1, 2014

     776,547   

tranche 3 – January 1, 2015

     720,117   

tranche 4 – January 1, 2016

     372,882   

The exercise price of the options is U.S.$13.6452 per share. Based on the above, as of December 31, 2012 the Company has a total of 2,216,778 options outstanding, of which 347,232 is vested and 1,869,546 are unvested. Of the shares expected to vest on January 1, 2014, 347,232 will vest upon an initial public offering of the Group.

 

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Table of Contents

QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

34. Share-based payments (continued)

 

The amount of expense arising from equity-settled share-based payment transactions for the year ended December 31, 2012 was 65,718 (2011 and 2010 – nil).

The weighted average remaining contractual life for the share options outstanding as of December 31, 2012 was 10 years.

The following table presents the summary of inputs of the Black-Scholes Merton option pricing model used for the ESOP for the determination of the fair value of the granted options which was calculated separately for each tranche for the years ended December 31, 2012:

 

     2012  

Dividend yield (%)

       

Expected volatility (%)

     28-30   

Risk free interest rate (%)

     0.75-1.09   

Expected life of options (years)

     5.0-6.5   

Share price (U.S.$)

     15.84   

Grant-date fair value of the options, U.S.$

     5.34-5.73   

The expected volatility was determined by reference to the historical volatility of peer companies. The share price was determined using the discounted cash flows projections based on financial budgets approved by the Group’s senior management covering an eight-year period (2013-2020). Due to lack of historical data, the expected life of the options was estimated as a mid-point average between the vesting and the expected term of each option vesting tranche. An eight-year period was used for projections, as the Group considers this time frame to be reasonably forecasted (Note 4).

 

35. Key management personnel compensation

Key management personnel consisted of chief executive officer, chief operating officer, chief financial officer of the Group and its major operating subsidiaries, directors and general counsel as of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010. For the year ended December 31, 2012 compensation to key management personnel amounted to 124,164 (2011 – 130,963; 2010 – 120,628) and represents short-term benefits. Remuneration to the directors of the Company is €86,571 (equivalent to 3,458) for the year ended December 31, 2012; €102,112 (equivalent to 4,175) for the year ended December 31, 2011 and 103,402 EUR (equivalent to 4,171) for the year ended December 31, 2010 included into the above amounts.

In addition to cash remuneration in 2012, some key management personnel of the Group were granted options under the employee stock option plan (see Note 34) to acquire 694,073 ordinary shares of the Company at an exercise price of U.S.$13.6452. The corresponding share-based payment expense amounted to RUB 20,576 for the year ended December 31, 2012.

 

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QIWI plc

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

for the year ended December 31, 2012

(in thousands of Rubles, except per share data)

 

36. Events after the reporting date

Change of subsidiary’s name

On February 21, 2013 the shareholders of the Group authorized the change of the name of one of the Group’s subsidiaries, OOO QIWI Wallet (Russia), to QIWI International Payment Services (QIPS) LLC.

Amendment of the ESOP

In January 2013, the Company’s ESOP was amended and restated to increase the maximum amount of shares reserved for issuance under the Plan to 3,640,000 class B shares, or 7% of the Company entire issued and outstanding share capital as of the date immediately preceding the Company’s initial public offering, subject to equitable adjustment in the event of certain corporate transactions, such as a stock split or recapitalization.

Subsequent investments

As of March 15, 2012 the Group additionally invested 1,517,839 in long term treasury bills of the Ministry of Finance of Russian Federation.

 

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                             American Depositary Shares

 

LOGO

Representing                              Class B Shares

 

 

PROSPECTUS

 

 

 

J.P. Morgan      Credit Suisse
Baird   RenCap    William Blair

Prospectus dated                     , 2013

Through and including              (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this international offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

Item 6. Indemnification of Directors and Officers

Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that, subject to certain limitations, the company may indemnify its directors and officers against any losses or liabilities which he or she may sustain or incur in or about the execution of his or her duties including liability incurred in defending any proceedings whether civil or criminal in which judgment is given in his or her favor or in which he or she is acquitted

We have entered into agreements to indemnify our directors, executive officers and other employees as determined by our board of directors. With specified exceptions, these agreements provide for indemnification for related expenses including, among other things, attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by any of these individuals in any action or proceeding. We believe that the provisions in our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, indemnification agreements, and officers’ and directors’ liability insurance described in further detail below are necessary to attract and retain talented and experienced officers and directors.

We may purchase and maintain insurance in relation to any of our directors or officers against any liability asserted against the directors or officers and incurred by the directors or officers in that capacity.

The underwriting agreement, the form of which is filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this Registration Statement, will also provide for indemnification by the underwriters of us and our officers and directors for certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act, but only to the extent that such liabilities are caused by information relating to the underwriters furnished to us in writing expressly for use in this registration statement and certain other disclosure documents.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and may therefore be unenforceable.

 

Item 7. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

In connection with its conversion to a public limited company in Cyprus, on December 11, 2012 the shareholders of the Company increased its share capital by a way of issuance of 700,000 ordinary shares with a par value of €0.0005 per share proportionally to all of its shareholders at nominal value, so as to increase its share capital amounts to €26,000, after issuance divided into 52,000,000 ordinary shares with a par value of €0.0005 per share.

 

Item 8. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

 

(a) Exhibits.

 

     Incorporated by reference to the Exhibit Index following page              hereof.

 

(b) Financial Statement Schedules

All schedules have been omitted since they are not required or are not applicable or the required information is shown in the audited consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

 

Item 9. Undertakings

The registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

 

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Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

The registrant hereby undertakes that:

(1) For purposes of any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

Each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing this Registration Statement on Form F-1 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on March 27, 2013.

 

QIWI plc

By:

  /s/ Sergey Solonin
Name:   Sergey Solonin
Title:   Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Sergey Solonin and Evgeniy Filimonov, and each of them, as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement, and to sign any registration statement for the same offering covered by the registration statement that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933 and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

 

Dated March 27, 2013     By:   /s/ Sergey Solonin
    Name:   Sergey Solonin
    Title:   Director and Chief Executive Officer
Dated March 27, 2013     By:   /s/ Evgeniy Filimonov
    Name:   Evgeniy Filimonov
    Title:   Chief Financial Officer
Dated March 27, 2013     By:   /s/ Alla Tsikh
    Name:   Alla Tsikh
    Title:   Head of IFRS Reporting Department
Dated March 27, 2013     By:   /s/ Tsiakka Kyriaki
    Name:   Tsiakka Kyriaki
    Title:   Director

 

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Dated March 27, 2013     By:   /s/ Orthodoxia Pericleous
    Name:   Orthodoxia Pericleous
    Title:   Director
Dated March 27, 2013     By:   /s/ Philios Yiangou
    Name:   Philios Yiangou
    Title:   Director
Dated March 27, 2013     By:   /s/ Chrisiphoros Avraam
    Name:   Chrisiphoros Avraam
    Title:   Director

Authorized Representative in the United States

 

Dated March 27, 2013      By:   /s/ Diana Arias
     Name:   Diana Arias
     Title:  

Senior Manager

Law Debenture Corporation Services Inc.

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit
Number

  

Description of Document

  1.1†    Form of Underwriting Agreement
  3.1    Articles of Association of QIWI plc
  4.1†    Form of Registrant’s American Depositary Receipt (included in Exhibit 4.3)
  4.2†    Specimen Certificate for Class B Shares of the Registrant
  4.3†    Form of Deposit Agreement among the Registrant, the Depositary and Owners and Beneficial Owners of the American Depositary Shares issued thereunder
  4.4   

Form of Voting Agreement among Saldivar Investments Limited, Sergey A. Solonin, Palmway Holdings Limited, Antana International Corporation, Andrey N. Romanenko, Dargle International Limited, Igor N. Mikhailov, Bralvo Limited, E1 Limited, Mail.ru Group Limited and Mitsui & Co., Ltd.

  4.5   

Form of Registration Rights Agreement among Saldivar Investments Limited, Sergey A. Solonin, Palmway Holdings Limited, Antana International Corporation, Andrey N. Romanenko, Dargle International Limited, Igor N. Mikhailov, Bralvo Limited, E1 Limited, Mail.ru Group Limited and Mitsui & Co., Ltd., and QIWI plc.

  5.1†    Form of Opinion of Antis Triantafyllides & Sons LLC regarding the validity of the ordinary shares being registered
  8.1    Form of Opinion of Antis Triantafyllides & Sons LLC regarding tax matters
10.1    Amended and Restated Employee Stock Option Plan of QIWI Limited
14.1    Code of Ethics and Business Conduct
21.1    Subsidiaries of the Registrant
23.1    Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
23.2    Consent of Antis Triantafyllides & Sons LLC (included in Exhibit 5.1)
23.3    Consent of J’Son & Partners
23.4    Consent of Edgar, Dunn & Company
24.1    Powers of Attorney (included on the signature page in Part II of this registration statement)

 

To be filed by amendment
EX-3.1 2 d426593dex31.htm EX-3.1 EX-3.1

Exhibit 3.1

THE COMPANIES LAW, CAP. 113

 

 

ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION OF

QIWI PLC

 

 

 

1. In these Regulations and in the Memorandum of Association:

 

“Affiliate”    (or any derivative thereof), means, in relation to a Person, a Person who exercises Control over, is Controlled by or is under common Control with, such Person, provided that no member of the Group shall be considered to be the Affiliate of any shareholder of the Company.
Annual General Meeting    means the annual General Meeting of the Company held pursuant to section 125 of the Law.
Auditors    means the appointed auditors of the Company pursuant to the Law.
Authority Threshold    means the sum equal to three million (3,000,000) US Dollars or the equivalent thereof in any currency.
Board    means the board of Directors of the Company.
Business    means the Group’s business which shall be the provision of (i) payment and settlement services; (ii) online virtual money accounts; (iii) lottery services (iv) e-commerce services; and (v) postal services. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company shall not itself provide payment and settlement services, online virtual money accounts, lottery services, e-commerce services or postal services unless it holds all necessary licences and other authorisations.
Business Day    means days which are not a Saturday, Sunday or a public holiday in any of Russia or Cyprus.
Business Plan    means a five (5) year rolling business plan for the Group relating to the then current financial year and succeeding financial years (in a format adopted by the Company) to be updated annually.
CEO    means the Chief Executive Officer of the Company who is appointed in accordance with Regulation 108 of these Regulations.
Chairman    means the chairman of the meetings of the Board who is elected as chairman according to Regulation 102 of these Regulations.

 

1


“Class A Member Change of Control”    means an event or series of events as a result of which a Person (other than a Person who was a wholly-owned (direct or indirect) Affiliate of such Member and/or a Connected Person of a Founder, in each case prior to such event or series of events) acquires Control (direct or indirect) of any Member holding class A shares (other than where such Member is, or is directly or indirectly wholly-owned by, a Public Company).
Company    means this company.
Connected Persons    means, in relation to an individual:
   (a) his/her Family Members;
   (b) a Person acting as trustee of a trust or of a foundation, the beneficiary of which is the individual or any of his/her Family Members; or
   (c) a foundation, funded by the individual or any of his/her Family Members.
Control    in relation to an undertaking means the direct or indirect holding or control of:
   (a) a majority of the voting rights exercisable at general meetings of the members of that undertaking on all, or substantially all, matters;
   (b) the right to appoint or remove directors having a majority of the voting rights exercisable at meetings of the board of directors of that undertaking on all, or substantially all, matters; or
   (c) the right (whether pursuant to a contract, understanding or other arrangement) to direct or cause to be directed directly or indirectly a dominant influence over such other undertaking,
   and (i) where an undertaking is not a company, references above to directors, general meetings and members shall be deemed to refer to the equivalent bodies in such undertaking; and (ii) “Controlled” and “Controlling” shall have a corresponding meaning.
Cyprus    means the Republic of Cyprus.
Deputy CEO    shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Regulation 111A.
Director    means a member of the Board.
Elected Director    shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Regulation 82.


“Exchange”    means the stock exchange on which class B shares or any instruments or depositary receipts representing class B shares in the capital of the Company are listed pursuant to any Listing.
Family Members    means a spouse or civil partner, child or step-child, father, mother, brother, sister or grandchild.
Founder    means any Person that was the ultimate beneficial owner of a Member holding class A shares at the time of the Listing.
Independent Director    shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Regulation 82.
General Meeting    means the general meeting of the members of the Company.
Group    means the Company and its Subsidiaries from time to time and the expression “Group Company” will be construed accordingly;
the Law    means the Companies Law, Cap. 113 or any law substituting or amending the same.
Listing    means the admission to trading on one or more recognised international stock exchanges of a proportion of the class B shares or any instruments or depositary receipts representing the class B shares in the capital of the Company, which provides a reasonable and genuine market for such shares, instruments or depository receipts, of sufficient liquidity and upon which such shares, instruments or depository receipts, can be freely traded.
Material Transaction    means a transaction (or series of connected transactions) which is within the Ordinary Course of Business and to which any of the following applies:
   (a) where the amount of consideration, value, assets, liabilities, costs, expenditure, accounts receivable or accounts payable in respect of such transaction (the “Transaction Amount”) cannot reasonably be determined or estimated prior to entry into the transaction, the Transaction Amount exceeds twenty million (20,000,000) US Dollars (or the equivalent thereof in any currency) based on a calculation to be carried out by the Company or its relevant Subsidiary (as applicable) within ten (10) calendar days of the final business day of the calendar quarter in which such transaction was entered into and each subsequent calendar quarter (and that such transaction shall become a Material Transaction where the Transaction Amount exceeds twenty million (20,000,000) US Dollars (or the equivalent thereof in any currency) on the basis of


   any such calculation whenever it is carried out), based on the Company’s or its relevant Subsidiary’s (as applicable) accounting records as of the calculation date (a “Material Transaction A”); or
   (b) where the Transaction Amount can reasonably be determined or estimated prior to entry into the transaction, the Transaction Amount exceeds twenty million (20,000,000) US Dollars or the equivalent thereof in any currency (a “Material Transaction B”).
Member    means every natural and/or legal Person being registered as a holder of shares in the Company.
Observer    shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Regulation 87C.
Ordinary Resolution    means an ordinary resolution of the General Meeting.
Ordinary Course of Business    means, in relation to any undertaking of the Group, usual, regular and necessary activities and transactions relating to the Business which are normal and routine for such undertaking, including without limitation:
   (a) agreements on collection of payments, agency agreements, agreements on information and technology service;
   (b) activity and transactions connected with e-commerce, mobile commerce, e-money (including e-money emission) and virtual money accounts;
   (c) activity and transactions connected with prepaid cards (including issuance and sale of such cards), acquiring agreements with banks for the settlement of credit card and/or prepaid card transactions; and
   (d) agreements on opening and maintaining a bank account.
   For the avoidance of doubt, any transaction (whether in a single transaction or series of connected transactions), save for the transactions and activities referred to paragraphs (a) to (d) above, pursuant to which the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company acquires, sells, transfers, leases, assigns, licenses or otherwise dispose of any business, property or assets with a value in excess of three million (3,000,000) US Dollars (or the equivalent thereof in any currency), or contracts so to do, shall be deemed to be entered into outside the Ordinary Course of Business.


“Person”    means any individual, partnership, company, legal person, unincorporated organization, trust (including the trustees in their aforesaid capacity) or other entity.
Public Company    means any company a proportion of the shares (or any instruments or depositary receipts representing the shares) in the capital of which are admitted to trading on one or more recognised international stock exchanges.
Regulations    means the present Articles of Association of the Company.
Related Party    means:
   (a) any enterprise that, directly or indirectly, Controls, is Controlled by or is under common Control with, the Company;
   (b) an unconsolidated enterprise in which the Company has a significant influence or which has a significant influence over the Company;
   (c) any individual who owns, directly or indirectly, an interest in the voting power of the Company that gives such shareholder significant influence over the Company and such shareholder’s family members;
   (d) any director, nominee for director, officer or other key member of the management of the Company, and such persons’ family members, and
   (e) any enterprise in which a substantial interest in the voting power is owned, directly or indirectly, by any person described in (c) or (d), or over which such a person is able to exercise significant influence.
   For the purpose of this definition, “family member” means with respect to a person, (i) such person’s spouse, (ii) such person’s parent, child or sibling, in each case whether by blood, marriage or adoption, or (iii) such person’s mother- or father-in-law, son- or daughter-in-law, brother- or sister-in-law, or (iv) anyone residing in such person’s home. For the purpose of this definition, shareholders beneficially owning a ten (10) per cent interest in the voting power in any entity are presumed to have a “significant influence” on such entity.
Seal    means the common seal of the Company.
Secretary    means the secretary of the Company.
Special Resolution    means a special resolution of the General Meeting within the meaning of section 135(2) of the Law.


“Subsidiary”    means in relation to an undertaking (the holding undertaking), any other undertaking which the holding undertaking (or persons acting on its, or their behalf) Controls and any undertaking which is a Subsidiary of another undertaking is also a Subsidiary of any undertaking of which that other is a Subsidiary.

Expressions referring to “in writing” shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as including references to printing, lithography, photography, and other modes of representing or reproducing words in a visible form.

Unless the context otherwise requires, words or expressions contained in these Regulations shall bear the same meaning as in the Law or any statutory modification thereof in force at the date at which these Regulations become binding on the Company.

EXCLUSION OF TABLE “A”

 

2. The Regulations contained in Table “A” in the First Schedule to the Law shall not apply except so far as the same are repeated or contained in these Regulations.

SHARE CAPITAL AND VARIATION OF RIGHTS

 

3. The share capital of the Company shall be divided into class A shares and class B shares, which shall have the rights set out herein, and any other class or classes of shares that the Company issues in accordance with these Regulations.

 

4. All shares in the Company shall rank pari passu in all respects except as specifically stated in these Regulations.

 

5. For so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding, each class A share confers upon its holder the right to ten (10) votes at a General Meeting of the Company. Each class B share confers upon its holder the right to one (1) vote at a General Meeting of the Company. Provisions in relation to the adoption of written resolutions in lieu of holding a General Meeting are set out in Regulation 80. For the avoidance of doubt, all shares confer upon their holders equal rights to receive distributions from the Company either by way of dividends or by return of capital or otherwise.

 

6. For so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding:

 

  (a) Each class A share confers on its holders additionally all rights specifically set out in these Regulations, including, without limitation, (a) the right to convert each class A share into one class B share at any time at the absolute discretion of a relevant class A shareholder by serving an irrevocable written notice to the Company setting out the number of class A share the relevant holder is willing to convert and (b) the rights stated in Regulations 29, 37, 38 and 39 below. The conversion referred to in item (a) above shall take place automatically at the expiration of one Business Day from the date that the relevant notice is received by the Company. Once class A shares are converted into class B shares, that class B shares that result from such conversion shall rank pari passu in all respects with the existing class B shares in issue; and


  (b) Without prejudice to the rights of the holders of class A shares for the conversion of their shares into class B shares, class A shares shall be automatically converted into class B shares, on a one-to-one basis, in the following circumstances:

 

  (1) All class A shares which are transferred by a holder thereof (other than in the case of a transfer of class A shares under Regulation 37 below) shall, immediately upon such transfer, be automatically converted into class B shares;

 

  (2) All class A shares held by a Member shall be automatically converted into class B shares on the occurrence of a Class A Member Change of Control in respect of that Member; and

 

  (3) All class A shares shall be automatically converted into class B shares in the event that the aggregate number of class A shares of the Company constitute less than ten (10) per cent of the aggregate number of class A and class B shares outstanding.

 

7. Subject to Regulation 7A, all the authorised but unissued shares shall be at the disposal of the Board which may allot or otherwise dispose of them, subject to the provisions of Regulation 8 below, including but not limited to by way of issuing other securities giving a right to purchase shares in the Company or which are convertible into shares of the Company, to such Persons at such times and generally on such terms and conditions as the Board determines, and provided that:

 

  (a) no shares shall be issued at a discount, except as provided by section 56 of the Law; and

 

  (b) for so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding, no new class A shares shall be issued or allotted by the Board to any Person, unless the following requirements are satisfied.

 

  (1) In the event that it is intended that the issue and allotment of the relevant shares will be performed in accordance with the procedure set out in Regulation 8(d) below (the “Pre-emption Right Procedure”) pursuant to which the relevant shares shall be offered to the existing holders of class A shares and then to the holders of shares of Other Classes (as the term is defined in Regulation 8(d) below), the initiation of the Pre-Emption Right Procedure shall require the prior written approval of the holders of seventy five (75) per cent of all class A shares.

 

  (2) In the event that under the Pre-Emption Right Procedure there are Excess Shares (as the term is defined in Regulation 8(c) below), the Board’s decision to issue and allot such Excess Shares to third parties shall be subject to the further prior written approval of the holders of seventy five (75) per cent of the class A shares.

 

  (3) Except as provided in paragraphs (1) and (2) of Regulation 7(b) above, no class A shares shall be issued and allotted by the Company whether (i) pursuant to a dis-application of pre-emption rights under section 60B(5) of the Law, or (ii) pursuant to Regulation 8(g) below, or otherwise, unless otherwise agreed in writing by the holders of at least seventy five (75) per cent of the class A shares.

 

  (4) For the avoidance of doubt, all issuances subject to this Regulation 7(b) shall be undertaken in accordance and compliance with section 60B of the Law.

 

7A.

For so long as no class A shares have been issued, allotment of the authorised but unissued share capital of the Company pursuant to, and in accordance with, Regulation 7 shall additionally require prior approval in writing of Members holding, in aggregate, not less than


  eighty six (86) per cent of the issued share capital of the Company. For the avoidance of doubt, the provisions of this Regulation 7A shall not apply to any increase by the Company of its authorised share capital, which shall be governed by Regulations 51 and 79A.

 

8.

 

  (a) Unless otherwise determined by the Company according to section 60B(5) of the Law, all new shares and/or other securities giving right to the purchase of shares in the Company or which are convertible into shares of the Company, shall be offered before their issue to the Members on a pro-rata basis by reference to the participation of each Member in the capital of the Company, on a specific date fixed by the Board subject to what is provided in Regulation 8(d) below.

 

  (b) Any such offer under Regulation 8(a) shall be made upon written notice to all the Members specifying the number of the shares and/or other securities giving right to the purchase of shares in the Company or which are convertible into shares in the Company, which the Member is entitled to acquire and the time period (which shall not be less than fourteen days from the dispatch of the written notice) within which the offer, if not accepted, shall be deemed to have been rejected.

 

  (c) If, by the expiry of the time period in Regulation 8(b), no notification has been received from the Person to whom the offer is addressed, or to whom the rights have been assigned, that such Person accepts all or part of the offered shares or other securities giving right to the purchase of shares in the Company or which are convertible into shares of the Company (the “Excess Shares”), the Board may dispose of the Excess Shares in any manner that it deems most advantageous to the Company.

 

  (d) Notwithstanding anything contained in Regulations 8(a), (b) and (c) above, any offer of new shares of an existing particular class (the “Relevant Class”), or securities giving rights to the purchase of, or which are convertible into, shares of a Relevant Class shall first be made to the Members who are holders of the shares of the Relevant Class on a pro rata basis by reference to the participation of each such Member in the Relevant Class and, if any such shares or securities are not taken up in full by the Members who are holders of shares of the Relevant Class, an offer will be made to all Members holding shares of all other classes (the “Other Classes”) on a similar pro rata basis by reference to the participation of each such Member in the Other Classes to purchase such shares or securities which have not been taken up.

 

  (e) The provisions of Regulation 8(b) shall apply mutatis mutandis to any offer of shares or securities of the Relevant Class under Regulation 8(d) to the holders of the Relevant Class and, subsequently, the Other Classes (as the case may be) and Regulation 8(c) shall only apply to an offer of shares or securities of the Relevant Class under Regulation 8(d) after the expiry of the time period for the offer made to the holders of the shares of the Other Classes.

 

  (f) The Company may, in like manner, dispose of any such new or original shares or securities as aforesaid, which, by reason of the proportion borne by them to the number of Persons entitled to such offer as aforesaid or by reason of any other difficulty in apportioning the same, cannot in the opinion of the Company be conveniently offered in the manner hereinbefore provided.

 

  (g) This Regulation 8 shall only take effect in cases where the proposed shares or securities shall be issued against contributions in cash and shall not apply in the cases where the proposed shares or securities shall be issued against contributions in kind.


9. Without prejudice to any special rights previously conferred on the holders of any existing shares or class of shares, any shares in the Company may be issued with such preferred, deferred or other special rights or with such restrictions, whether in regard to dividend, voting, return of capital or otherwise, as the Company, by Special Resolution, may from time to time determine.

 

10. Subject to the provisions of section 57 of the Law, any preference shares may, with the sanction of an Ordinary Resolution, be issued on the terms that they are, or at the option of the Company are liable to be redeemed on such terms and in such manner as the Company before the issue of the shares, may by Special Resolution determine.

 

11. Subject to Regulation 79B, if at any time the share capital is divided into different classes of shares, the rights attached to any class (unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of shares of that class) may, whether or not the Company is being wound up, be varied with the sanction of a resolution passed at a separate general meeting of the holders of the shares of the relevant class, as well as with the sanction of a Special Resolution of the General Meeting. Subject to the Law, to every such separate general meeting the provisions of these Regulations relating to General Meetings shall apply, but so that: (a) the necessary quorum shall be two (2) Persons at least holding or representing by proxy one-third (1/3) of the issued shares of the class, (b) any holder of shares of the class present in person or by proxy may demand a poll, (c) if at any previously adjourned general meeting of these holders there is no quorum, the Members present shall be deemed to form a quorum and (d) the resolution sanctioning the variation will be deemed to have been passed by a seventy five (75) per cent vote of the holders of the shares of the relevant class.

 

11A. Notwithstanding any other provision in these Regulations, in the event that there are only class B shares in issue, all or part of them may be converted into class A shares in connection with the initial Listing by a unanimous resolution of all the holders of the class B shares which will also designate which of the class B shares will be so converted.

 

12. The rights conferred upon the holders of the shares of any class issued with preferred or other rights shall not (unless otherwise expressly provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class) be deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further shares ranking pari passu therewith.

 

13. The Company may exercise the powers of paying commissions conferred by section 52 of the Law, provided that the rate per cent or the amount of the commission paid or agreed to be paid shall be disclosed in the manner required by the said section and the rate of the commission shall not exceed the rate of ten (10) per cent of the price at which the shares in respect whereof the same is paid are issued or an amount equal to ten (10) per cent of such price (as the case may be). Such commission may be satisfied by the payment of cash or the allotment of fully or partly paid shares or partly in one way and partly in the other. The Company may also on any issue of shares pay such brokerage as may be lawful.

 

14. Except as required by Law, no Person shall be recognised by the Company as holding any shares upon trust, and the Company shall not be bound by or compelled in any way to recognise (even when having notice thereof) any equitable, contingent, future or partial interest in any share or any interest in any fractional part of a share or (except only as by these Regulations or by law otherwise provided) any other rights in respect of any share, except the absolute right to the entirety thereof of the registered holder.

 

15. Notwithstanding the above, but always subject to the provisions of section 112 of the Law, the Company may, if it so wishes and if notified accordingly in writing, recognise the existence of a trust in respect of any share even though it cannot register it in the Company’s register of Members. This recognition may be given by the Company by means of a letter to the trustees and is irrevocable provided the relevant trust continues to exist, even if the trustees or some of them are replaced.


16. The Company shall keep a register of Members and a directory of Members under sections 105 and 106 of the Law, which shall be available for inspection by the Members free of charge and by any third party upon the payment of an amount determined by the Board.

 

17. The register of Members of the Company may be held either in paper or electronic form. Every Person whose name is entered as a Member in the register of Members shall be entitled without payment to receive within two months after allotment or lodgment of transfer (or within such other period as the conditions of issue shall provide) one certificate for all his shares or several certificates each for one or more of his shares. Every certificate shall be issued under Seal and shall specify the shares to which it relates and the amount paid up thereon. Provided that in respect of a share or shares held jointly by several Persons the Company shall not be bound to issue more than one certificate, and delivery of a certificate for a share to one of several joint holders shall be sufficient delivery to all such holders. If a share certificate is defaced, lost or destroyed, it may be substituted on such terms (if any) as to evidence and indemnity and the payment of out-of-pocket expenses of the Company for investigating the evidence adduced as the Board thinks fit.

 

18. The Company shall not provide any financial assistance for the purpose of or in connection with a purchase or subscription made or to be made by any Person of or for any shares in the Company or in its holding company except to the extent permitted by the Law.

LIEN

 

19. The Company shall have a first and paramount lien on every share for all moneys (whether presently payable or not) due on such shares called or payable at a fixed time in respect of that share and the Company shall also have a first and paramount lien on all shares standing registered in the name of a single Person for all moneys presently payable by him or his estate to the Company; but the Board may at any time declare any share to be wholly or in part exempt from the provisions of this Regulation. The Company’s lien, if any, on a share shall extend to all dividends payable thereon as well as to any other rights or benefits attached thereto.

 

20. The Company may sell, in such manner as the Board thinks fit, any shares on which the Company has a lien, but no sale shall be made unless a sum in respect of which the lien exists is due and payable or until the expiration of fourteen days (14) after a notice in writing, stating and demanding payment of the whole of the amount in respect of which the lien exists as is due and payable, has been given to the registered holder for the time being of the share, or the Person entitled thereto by reason of his death or bankruptcy.

 

21. To give effect to any such sale, the Board may authorise a Person to transfer the shares sold to the purchaser thereof. The purchaser shall be registered as the holder of the shares comprised in any such transfer, and he shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money nor shall his title to the shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings in reference to the sale.

 

22. The proceeds of the sale shall be received by the Company and applied in payment of such part of the amount in respect of which the lien exists as is presently payable, and the residue, if any, shall (subject to a like lien for sums not presently payable as existed upon the shares before the sale) be paid to the Person entitled to the shares at the date of the sale.


CALLS ON SHARES

 

23. The Board may from time to time make calls upon the Members in respect of any moneys unpaid on their shares (whether on account of the nominal value of the shares or by way of premium) and not by the conditions of allotment thereof made payable at fixed times, and each Member shall (subject to receiving at least fourteen (14) days’ notice specifying the time or times and place of payment) pay to the Company, at the time or times and place so specified, the amount called on his shares. A call may be revoked or postponed as the Board may determine and the Members shall be accordingly notified.

 

24. A call shall be deemed to have been made at the time when the resolution of the Board authorising the call was passed and may be required to be paid by instalments.

 

25. The joint holders of a share shall be jointly and severally liable to pay all calls in respect thereof.

 

26. If a sum called in respect of a share is not paid before or on the day appointed for payment thereof, the Person from whom the sum is due shall pay interest on the sum from the day appointed for payment thereof to the time of actual payment at such rate not exceeding five (5) per cent per annum as the Board may determine, but the Board shall be at liberty to waive payment of such interest wholly or in part.

 

27. Any sum which by the terms of issue of a share becomes payable on allotment or at any fixed date, whether on account of the nominal value of the share or by way of premium, shall for the purposes of these Regulations be deemed to be a call duly made and payable on the date on which by the terms of issue the same becomes payable. In case of non-payment all relevant provisions of these Regulations as to payment of interest and expenses, forfeiture or otherwise shall apply as if such sum had become payable by virtue of a call duly made and notified. The Board may on the issue of shares, differentiate between the holders as to the number of calls, the amount of calls to be paid and the times of payment.

 

28. The Board may, if it thinks fit, receive from any Member willing to advance the same, all or any part of the moneys uncalled and unpaid upon any shares held by him and upon all or any of the moneys so advanced may (until the same would, but for such advance, become payable) pay interest at such rate not exceeding (unless the Company in General Meeting shall otherwise direct) five (5) per cent per annum, as may be agreed upon between the Board and the Member paying such sum in advance.

TRANSFER OF SHARES

 

29. For so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding, class A shares are only transferable in accordance with the provisions in Regulations 37 to 39 and subject to the provisions in Regulations 31 to 36 below.

 

30. Class B shares are freely transferable subject to the provisions in Regulations 31 to 36 below.

 

31. The instrument of transfer of any share shall be executed by or on behalf of the transferor and transferee, and the transferor shall be deemed to remain a holder of the share until the name of the transferee is entered in the register of Members in respect thereof.

 

32. Subject to such of the restrictions of these Regulations as may be applicable, any Member may transfer all or any of his shares by instrument in writing in any usual or common form or any other form which the Board may approve.

 

33. The Board may decline to register the transfer of a share on which the Company has a lien.


34. The Board may also decline to recognize any instrument of transfer unless:

 

  (a) the instrument of transfer is accompanied by the certificate of the shares to which it relates, and such other evidence as the Board may reasonably require, to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer; and

 

  (b) the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of shares.

 

35.

 

  (a) If the Board refuses to register a transfer it shall, within two months after the date on which the instrument of transfer was lodged with the Company, send to the transferee notice of the refusal.

 

  (b) The registration of transfers may be suspended at such times and for such periods as the Board may from time to time determine, provided always that such registration shall not be suspended for more than thirty (30) days in any year.

 

36. The Company shall be entitled to charge a fee, which the Board may specify from time to time, on the registration of every probate, letters of administration, certificate of death or marriage, power of attorney or other instrument.

 

37. For so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding, there shall be no conversion of a Member’s class A shares into class B shares in the event of:

 

  (a) a transfer of class A shares by that Member to one or more of its wholly-owned (direct or indirect) Affiliates; or

 

  (b) a transfer of class A shares pursuant to Regulation 38.

 

38. For so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding, other than in the case of a transfer of class A shares under Regulation 37(a) above, any transfer of ten (10) per cent or more of the total number of class A shares in issue, as a single transaction or a series of related transactions, by a Member (or a group of Members) can only take place if:

 

  (a) it is approved in writing by the Members holding in aggregate at least seventy five (75) per cent of the total number of class A shares in issue; or

 

  (b) the Member (or a group of Members) transferring class A shares has (or have) offered such shares to the other then existing Members holding class A shares, and the respective transfer is permitted, in accordance with the procedure set out in Regulation 39 below.

 

39. For so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding and subject to Regulation 38 above:

 

  (a) before any Member (the “Selling Shareholder”) transfers any of its class A shares, it shall give notice in writing (the “Transfer Notice”) to the Company of its desire to do so and it will not transfer such shares unless the foregoing procedures of this Regulation 39 have been observed.

 

  (1) The Transfer Notice:

 

  (i) shall specify the number of class A shares proposed to be transferred (“Offered Shares”);


  (ii) shall specify the price per share at which the Selling Shareholder proposes to transfer the Offered Shares (the “Prescribed Price”);

 

  (iii) shall specify the name of the proposed transferee (the “Proposed Transferee”) and its business and any other material terms pertaining to the transfer to the Proposed Transferee;

 

  (iv) shall constitute the Company as the Selling Shareholder’s agent to offer to sell to the other Members holding class A shares (the “Offerees”) the Offered Shares in accordance with Regulation 39(a)(2); and

 

  (v) shall not be withdrawn except as provided in Regulation 39(b)(2).

 

  (2) Within five (5) Business Days following receipt of the Transfer Notice (the “Offer Date”), the Company shall by written notice offer the Offered Shares to the Offerees on the following basis:

 

  (i) the Offered Shares shall be offered at the Prescribed Price;

 

  (ii) the offer shall limit the time, not being less than twenty (20) Business Days from the Offer Date, within which the offer may be accepted by the Offerees (the “Acceptance Period”);

 

  (iii) if more than one Offeree accepts some or all of the Offered Shares, these will be allocated in proportion, as near as is possible, to the proportion of the class A shares held by such Offerees provided that no Offeree shall be obliged to take a higher number of class A shares than it has offered to take.

 

  (3) Not later than five (5) Business Days following the end of the Acceptance Period (the “Allocation Date”) the Company shall give written notice (the “Allocation Notice”) to the Selling Shareholder and to all the Offerees stating one of the following:

 

  (i) that no Offeree has accepted to purchase any of the Offered Shares, or that the acceptances received are for less than all the Offered Shares (in which case such acceptances shall be invalid and shall be deemed to have never been made) and that the provisions of Regulation 39(a)(4) will apply; or

 

  (ii) that one or more of the Offerees have accepted to purchase the Offered Shares, giving the name and address of each such Offeree and the number of Offered Shares to be purchased by each of them, being in accordance with the provisions of Regulation 39(a)(2).

 

  (4) If Regulation 39(a)(3)(i) applies, the Selling Shareholder may within ten (10) Business Days of the Allocation Date proceed with the transfer to the Proposed Transferee at a price not lower than the Prescribed Price and on the same terms as set out in the Transfer Notice.

 

  (5) If Regulation 39(a)(3)(ii)applies, the accepting Offeree(s) shall be bound to pay the Prescribed Price to the Selling Shareholder and the Selling Shareholder shall be bound on payment of the Prescribed Price to transfer the shares in question to the accepting Offeree(s), each sale and purchase to be completed at the registered office of the Company during normal business hours on the first Business Day after the expiry of ten (10) Business Days from the Allocation Date.


  (6) If after having become bound to transfer the Offered Shares to any Offerees pursuant to Regulation 39(a)(5) the Selling Shareholder defaults in transferring the same, then, without prejudice to any other rights of the Offeree(s), the following provisions shall apply:

 

  (i) the Company may receive the purchase money for the Offered Shares and the defaulting Selling Shareholder shall be deemed to have appointed any Director or the Secretary as the Selling Shareholder’s attorney, in accordance with Regulation 39(a)(2), to execute a transfer of the Offered Shares in favour of the relevant Offeree(s) and to receive the purchase money in trust for the Selling Shareholder;

 

  (ii) the receipt by the Company of the purchase money shall be a good discharge of the relevant Offeree(s) and the entry in the register of Members of the name of the said Offeree(s) shall constitute conclusive evidence that the transfer has been validly completed; and

 

  (iii) the Selling Shareholder shall be bound to deliver up any share certificate to the Company in respect of the Offered Shares and upon such delivery as well as delivery of any documents which the Company may require in order to indicate the Selling Shareholder’s acknowledgement of the validity of the transfer of the Offered Shares to the relevant Offeree(s) hereunder, shall be entitled to receive the purchase price without interest. If such share certificate comprises any shares which the Selling Shareholder has not become bound to transfer, the Company shall issue to the Selling Shareholder a share certificate for the balance of those shares.

 

  (b) if one or more Offerees (the “Defaulting Offerees”) fail to complete the purchase of the Offered Shares which are to be transferred to them under Regulation 39(a)(5) (the “Defaulted Offered Shares”) in accordance with the terms of an Allocation Notice, then, without prejudice to any other rights of the Selling Shareholder, the following provisions shall apply.

 

  (1) The Defaulting Offered Shares shall be offered to all other Offerees and the provisions of Regulations 39(a)(1), 39(a)(2), 39(a)(3), 39(a)(4), 39(a)(5) and 39(a)(6) shall apply to such Defaulting Offered Shares.

 

  (2) In case all the Defaulting Offered Shares are not purchased by the other Offerees, either because they have not accepted to purchase same or because they have defaulted after they have accepted, the Selling Shareholder:

 

  (i) shall be deemed to have validly and lawfully cancelled the Company’s authority to sell the Defaulted Offered Shares to such Offeree(s); and

 

  (ii) may, before the expiration of thirty (30) Business Days after the Allocation Date, select by notice in writing to the Company to transfer the Defaulted Offered Shares to any person at a price not lower than the Prescribed Price and on terms not more favourable than those offered to the Offerees. If the Selling Shareholder does not send a notice to the Company as aforesaid or if the transfer is not completed within five (5) Business Days from such a notice being sent then the Selling Shareholder shall not be permitted to make the transfer without again complying with all of the provisions of this Regulation 39(b).


39A. Any costs incurred by the Company in relation to a sale of class A shares pursuant to Regulation 39 shall be paid by the Selling Shareholder, Proposed Transferee, Offeree or Defaulting Offeree, as the case may be.

 

39B. All restrictions on the transfer of class A shares which are set out herein and particularly in Regulations 38, 39 and 39A shall only apply in the event that both of the following conditions set out below are satisfied:

 

  (a) none of the class A shares or depositary receipts representing such shares are listed on any Exchange; and

 

  (b) in the event that any class of shares in the Company or any depositary receipts representing such class of shares, other than class A shares, are listed on any Exchange, the rules of such Exchange do not prohibit the restrictions on the transfer of class A shares as set out in the present Regulations.

In the event that, at any time, any restrictions on the transfer of class A shares contravene the Law, then such restrictions shall not apply.

In the event that, after the listing of any class of shares in the Company or any depositary receipts representing such class of shares, other than class A shares, on any Exchange, such shares or depositary receipts representing such shares cease to be listed on any Exchange, all restrictions on the transfer of the class A shares which are set out herein and particularly in Regulations 38, 39 and 39A shall cease to apply.

TRANSMISSION OF SHARES BY REASON OF DEATH OR BANKRUPTCY OR LIQUIDATION OR MERGER OR SIMILAR EVENT

 

40. In the event of the death of a Member who owns any shares jointly with other Persons, the survivor or survivors where the deceased was a joint holder, shall be the only Persons recognized by the Company as having any title to his interest in the shares. Nothing herein contained, however, shall release the estate of a deceased joint holder from any liability in respect of any share which had been jointly held by him with other Persons.

 

41. Subject to Regulations 6(b) and 37 above, in the event of the death, bankruptcy, liquidation, merger or other similar event with respect to a Member, the legal representative of the Member who has died, been declared bankrupt, been liquidated, merged or is the object of a similar event, is entitled, if he adduces the necessary supporting evidence to be registered as the owner of the shares held by the said Member. Further, the above legal representative has the right to nominate another Person to be registered as the transferee thereof.

 

42. In the event the legal representative nominates another Person to be the transferee of the relevant shares, he is under an obligation to disclose his above decision by carrying out all actions necessary for the contractual transfer of the relevant shares in favour of the Person who has been so nominated. In this case, all the limitations, restrictions and provisions of these Regulations relating to the right to transfer and the registration of transfers of shares shall be applicable to any such notice or transfer as aforesaid as if the death or bankruptcy or liquidation or merger or similar event with respect to the Member had not occurred and the notice or transfer was part of the process of a contractual transfer signed by that Member.


43. Any legal representative entitled with a right over shares by reason of death or bankruptcy or liquidation or merger or similar event with respect to the holder shall be entitled to the same dividends and other benefits to which he would be entitled if he were the registered holder of the relevant shares, except that he shall not, before being registered as a Member in respect of the said shares, be entitled in respect of them to exercise any right conferred by virtue of being a Member in relation to General Meetings. Provided always that the Board may, at any time give notice requiring any such Person to elect, the latest within ninety (90) days either to be registered himself or to transfer the relevant shares. In case the notice is not complied with within ninety (90) days from the day when it was given, the Board may thereafter withhold payment of all dividends, bonuses or other moneys payable in respect of the share until the requirements of the notice have been complied with.

FORFEITURE OF SHARES

 

44. If a Member fails to pay any call or instalment of a call on the day appointed for payment thereof, the Board may, at any time thereafter during such time as any part of the call or instalment remains unpaid, serve a notice on him requiring payment of so much of the call or instalment as is unpaid, together with any interest which may have accrued.

 

45. The notice shall name a further day (not earlier than the expiration of fourteen (14) days from the date of service of the notice) on or before which the payment required by the notice is to be made, and shall state that in the event of non-payment at or before the time appointed, the shares in respect of which the call was made will be liable to be forfeited.

 

46. If the requirements of any such notice as aforesaid are not complied with, any share in respect of which the notice has been given may, at any time thereafter, before the payment required by the notice has been made, be forfeited by a resolution of the Board to that effect.

 

47. A forfeited share may be sold or otherwise disposed of on such terms and in such manner as the Board thinks fit, and at any time before a sale or disposition, the forfeiture may be cancelled on such terms as the Board thinks fit.

 

48. A Person whose shares have been forfeited shall cease to be a Member in respect of the forfeited shares, but shall, notwithstanding, remain liable to pay to the Company all moneys which, at the date of forfeiture, were payable by him to the Company in respect of the shares but his liability shall cease if and when the Company shall have received payment in full of all such moneys in respect of the shares.

 

49. A statutory declaration in writing, that the declarant is a Director or the Secretary, and that a share in the Company has been duly forfeited on a date stated in the declaration, shall be conclusive evidence of the facts therein stated as against all Persons claiming to be entitled to the share. The Company may receive the consideration, if any, given for the share on any sale or disposition thereof and may execute a transfer of the share in favour of the Person to whom the share is sold or disposed of and he shall thereupon be registered as the holder of the share, and shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money, if any, nor shall his title to the share be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings in reference to the forfeiture, sale or disposal of the share.

 

50. The provisions of these Regulations as to forfeiture shall apply in the case of non-payment of any sum which, by the terms of issue of a share, becomes payable at a fixed time, whether on account of the nominal value of the shares or by way of premium, as if the same had been payable by virtue of a call duly made and notified.

ALTERATION OF CAPITAL

 

51. Subject to section 59A of the Law and Regulation 79A, the Company may from time to time by Ordinary Resolution increase the share capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of such amount, as the said resolution shall prescribe.


52. The Company may:

 

  (a) subject to section 59A of the Law and Regulation 79A, by resolution of the General Meeting:

 

  (1) consolidate and divide all or any of its share capital into shares of larger amount than its existing shares;

 

  (2) subdivide its existing shares, or any of them, into shares of smaller amount than is fixed by the memorandum of association subject, nevertheless, to the provisions of section 60(1)(d) of the Law; and

 

  (3) cancel any shares which, at the date of the passing of the resolution, have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any Person; and

 

  (b) by Special Resolution:

 

  (1) subject to Regulation 79B, reduce its share capital, any capital redemption reserve fund or any share premium account in any manner and with, and subject to, any incident authorised, and consent required, by law; and

 

  (2) subject to Regulation 79B and the provisions of the Law, purchase its own shares.

GENERAL MEETINGS

 

53. The Company shall in each year hold a General Meeting as its Annual General Meeting in addition to any other General Meetings in that year, and shall specify the General Meeting as such in the notices calling it, and not more than fifteen (15) months shall elapse between the date of one Annual General Meeting and that of the next. Provided that so long as the Company holds its first Annual General Meeting within eighteen (18) months of its incorporation, it need not hold it in the year of its incorporation or in the following year. The Annual General Meeting shall be held at such time and place as the Board shall appoint.

 

54. All General Meetings other than Annual General Meetings shall be called “Extraordinary General Meetings”.

 

  (a) The Board may, whenever it thinks fit, convene an Extraordinary General Meeting.

 

  (b) An Extraordinary General Meeting shall also be convened by the Board upon requisition of Members of the Company holding, in aggregate, at the date of the deposit of the requisition either (a) not less than ten (10) per cent of the outstanding share capital of the Company or (b) not less than ten (10) per cent of the voting rights attached to the issued shares of the Company.

 

  (1) The requisition notice must state the objects of the meeting, be signed by each of the requisitioning Members and deposited at the registered office of the Company. Any such requisition notice may consist of several documents (including facsimile copies) in the like form each signed by one or more of the requisitioning Members or their attorneys, and signature in the case of a corporate body which is a requisitioning Member shall be sufficient if made by a director or other authorised officer thereof or its duly appointed attorney.

 

  (2)

If the Board does not, within twenty one (21) days from the date of the deposit of the requisition notice, proceed to duly convene an Extraordinary General Meeting, the requisitioning Members, or any of them representing


  more than one half of the total voting rights of all of them, may themselves convene an Extraordinary General Meeting, but any meeting so convened may not be held after the expiration of three (3) months from the date that is twenty-one (21) days from the date of the deposit of the requisition notice.

NOTICE OF GENERAL MEETINGS

 

55. An Annual General Meeting and a General Meeting called for the passing of a Special Resolution or for the election of Directors shall be called by at least a forty five (45) days’ notice in writing. Any other General Meeting shall, subject to complying with section 127 of the Law, be called by at least a thirty (30) days’ notice in writing. The notice shall be served within five (5) days after the record date as determined pursuant to this Regulation and shall be exclusive of the day on which it is served or deemed to be served and of the day for which it is given, and shall specify the place, the date and the hour of the General Meeting as well as the agenda of the General Meeting and, in case of special business, the general nature of that business and shall be given to such Persons as are, under these Regulations, entitled to receive such notices from the Company in a manner hereinafter mentioned or in such other manner, if any, as may be prescribed by the General Meetings.

The Board may fix any date that is not more than sixty (60) days and not less than forty five (45) days prior to an Annual General Meeting and a General Meeting called for the passing of a Special Resolution or for the election of Directors and not more than forty five (45) days and not less than thirty (30) days prior to any other General Meeting as the record date for determining the Members entitled to receive notice of and attend and vote at such General Meeting.

A General Meeting may be held via a conference call or other means whereby Persons present may simultaneously hear and be heard by all the other Persons present and the Persons who participate in such a manner are considered to be present at the General Meeting. In such case the meeting shall be deemed to have taken place where the secretary of the General Meeting is situated.

Provided that a General Meeting shall, notwithstanding that it is called by shorter notice than that specified in this Regulation, provided this is allowed by Law, be deemed to have been duly called if it is so agreed:

 

  (a) in the case of a General Meeting called as the Annual General Meeting and a General Meeting called for the passing of a Special Resolution or for the election of Directors, by all the Members entitled to attend and vote thereat; and

 

  (b) in the case of any other General Meeting, by majority in number of the Members having a right to attend and vote thereat, being a majority together holding not less than ninety five (95) per cent in nominal value of the shares giving that right.

 

56. The accidental omission to give notice of a General Meeting to, or the non-receipt of such a notice by, any Person entitled to receive such notice, shall invalidate the proceedings at that General Meeting, in the event that a Member holding not less than five (5) per cent of the outstanding share capital of the Company is not in attendance at that General Meeting as a result of the accidental omission or non-receipt.

PROCEEDINGS AT GENERAL MEETINGS

 

57. All business shall be deemed special that is transacted at an Extraordinary General Meeting, and also all that is transacted at an Annual General Meeting, with the exception of declaring a dividend, the consideration of the accounts, balance sheets and the reports of the Board and Auditors, the election of Directors in the place of those retiring and the appointment of, and the fixing of the remuneration of, the Auditors.


58. No business shall be transacted at any General Meeting unless a quorum of Members is present at the time when the General Meeting proceeds to business. Save as herein otherwise provided, fifty and one hundredth (50.01) per cent of the voting rights attached to the issued shares of the Company present in person or by proxy shall form a quorum.

 

59. If within one hour from the time appointed for the General Meeting a quorum is not present, the General Meeting, if convened upon the requisition of Members, shall be dissolved; in any other case it shall stand adjourned to the same day in the next week, at the same time and place or to such other day and at such other time and place as the Board may determine, and if at the adjourned General Meeting a quorum is not present within one hour from the time appointed for the General Meeting, the Members present shall be a quorum.

 

60. All notices and other communications concerning the General Meeting which each Member is entitled to receive, must also be sent to the Auditors.

 

61. The Chairman, if any, shall preside as chairman at every General Meeting of the Company, or if there is no such Chairman, or if he shall not be present within thirty (30) minutes after the time appointed for the holding of the General Meeting or is unwilling to act, the Directors present shall elect one of their number to be chairman of the General Meeting.

 

62. If at any General Meeting no Director is willing to act as chairman or if no Director is present within thirty (30) minutes after the time appointed for holding the General Meeting, the Members present shall choose one of their number to be chairman of the General Meeting.

 

63. The chairman may, with the consent of any General Meeting at which a quorum is present (and shall if so directed by the General Meeting), adjourn the General Meeting from time to time and from place to place, but no other business shall be transacted at any adjourned General Meeting other than the business left unfinished at the General Meeting from which the adjournment took place. When a General Meeting is adjourned for thirty (30) days or more, notice of the adjourned General Meeting shall be given as in the case of an original General Meeting. Save as aforesaid it shall not be necessary to give any notice of an adjournment or of the business to be transacted at an adjourned General Meeting.

 

64. At any General Meeting any resolution put to the vote of the General Meeting shall be decided on a show of hands unless a poll is (before or on the declaration of the result of the show of hands) demanded by any Member of the Company.

Unless a poll be so demanded, a declaration by the chairman that a resolution has on a show of hands been carried or carried unanimously, or by a particular majority, or lost and an entry to that effect in the book containing the minutes of the proceedings of the Company shall be conclusive evidence of the fact without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of or against such resolution.

The demand for a poll may be withdrawn.

 

65. Except as provided in Regulation 67, if a poll is duly demanded, it shall be taken in such manner as the chairman directs, and the result of the poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the General Meeting at which the poll was demanded.

 

66. In the case of an equality of votes, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, the chairman of the General Meeting shall not have a second or casting vote.


67. A poll demanded on the election of a chairman or on a question of adjournment of the General Meeting shall be taken forthwith. A poll demanded on any other question shall be taken at such time as the chairman of the General Meeting directs, and any business other than upon which a poll has been demanded may be proceeded with pending the taking of the poll.

VOTES OF MEMBERS

 

68. Subject to any rights or restrictions for the time being attached to any class or classes of shares, on a show of hands, every Member present in person or by proxy shall have one (1) vote, and on a poll, every Member shall have such number of votes for each share of which he is the holder as are attached to the class of shares of which he is a shareholder.

 

69. In the case of joint holders, the vote of the senior who tenders a vote, whether in person or by proxy, shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the other joint holders; and for this purpose, seniority shall be determined by the order in which the names stand in the register of Members.

 

70. A Member of unsound mind, or in respect of whom an order has been issued by any Court having jurisdiction in lunacy, may vote, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, through the administrator of his property, his committee, receiver, curator bonis, or other Person with a similar capacity, appointed by that Court. These Persons may, on a poll, also vote by proxy.

 

71. No Member shall be entitled to vote at any General Meeting unless all calls or other sums presently payable by him in respect of his shares in the Company have been paid.

 

72. No objection shall be raised as to the qualification of any voter except at the General Meeting or adjourned General Meeting at which the vote objected to is given or tendered and every vote not disallowed at such General Meeting shall be valid for all purposes. Any such objection made in due time shall be referred to the chairman of the General Meeting whose decision shall be final and conclusive.

 

73. On a poll, the Members who have a right to vote can vote, either personally or by proxy. In such a case, the authorization granted to a proxy need not be the same for all the shares in relation to which the proxy is being appointed by the Member.

 

74. Without prejudice to the rights of Members to appoint proxies under section 130 of the Law, the instrument appointing a proxy shall be in writing under the hand of the appointer or of his attorney duly authorised in writing, or, if the appointer is a corporation, either under seal or under the hand of an officer or attorney duly authorised. A proxy need not be a Member of the Company.

 

75. Without prejudice to the rights of Members to appoint proxies under section 130 of the Law, the instrument appointing a proxy and the power of attorney or other authority, if any, under which it is signed or a notarially certified copy of that power or authority shall be deposited at the registered office of the Company or at such other place within Cyprus as is specified for that purpose in the notice convening the General Meeting, at any time before the time for holding the General Meeting or adjourned General Meeting, at which the Person named in the instrument proposes to vote, or, in the case of a poll, at any time before the time appointed for the taking of the poll, and in default the instrument of proxy shall not be treated as valid.


76. An instrument appointing a proxy shall be in the following form or a form as near thereto as circumstances admit-

“(Name of the Company) Limited

I/We                     , of

being a Member/Members of the above-named Company, hereby

appoint,                          ,                 , of                 ,

or failing him                             of                  ,

as my/our proxy to vote for me/us or on my/our behalf at the (Annual or     Extraordinary, as the case may be) General Meeting of the Company, to be held on the     day of                 , 20             , and at any adjournment thereof.

Signed this day of             , 20        ”

 

77. Where it is desired to afford Members an opportunity of voting for or against a resolution the instrument appointing a proxy shall be in the following form or a form as near thereto as circumstances admit-

“(Name of the Company) Limited

I/We                     , of

being a Member/Members of the above-named Company, hereby

appoint,                          ,         , of             ,

or failing him                 of             ,

as my/our proxy to vote for me/us or on my/our behalf at the (Annual or     Extraordinary, as the case may be) General Meeting of the Company, to be held on the     day of             , 20     , and at any adjournment thereof.

Signed this day of                     , 20

This form is to be used in favour of/* against the resolution. Unless otherwise instructed, the proxy will vote as he thinks fit.

*Strike out whichever is not desired in this case.”

 

78. The instrument appointing a proxy shall be deemed to confer authority to demand or join in demanding a poll.

 

79. A vote given in accordance with the terms of an instrument of proxy shall be valid notwithstanding the previous death or insanity of the principal or revocation of the proxy or of the authority under which the proxy was executed or the transfer of the share in respect of which the proxy is given, provided that no intimation in writing of such death, insanity, revocation or transfer as aforesaid shall have been received by the Company at its office before the commencement of the General Meeting or adjourned General Meeting at which the proxy is used.

 

79A. For so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding, notwithstanding any other provision in the present Regulations, but subject, always, to the provisions of the Law, no action shall be taken by the Company with respect to the following matters unless these are approved by an Ordinary Resolution:

 

  (a) any increase of the authorised capital of the Company;

 

  (b) in accordance with Regulation 52(a), any consolidation or subdivision of the Company’s share capital;

 

  (c) in accordance with Regulation 52(a), any cancellation of shares;

 

  (d) in accordance with Regulation 83(a), the remuneration of the Directors;

 

  (e) in accordance with Regulation 96, the removal of a Director;


  (f) in accordance with Regulation 116, any final dividend declaration;

 

  (g) in accordance with Regulation 128, the approval of the annual audited accounts of the Company, both stand-alone and/or consolidated accounts; and

 

  (h) in accordance with Regulation 132, the appointment of the Auditors.

 

79B. For so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding, notwithstanding any other provision in the present Regulations, but subject, always, to the provisions of the Law, no action shall be taken by the Company with respect to the following matters unless these are approved by a Special Resolution:

 

  (a) amendments to the objects contained in the Company’s Memorandum of Association;

 

  (b) any change of name of the Company;

 

  (c) any amendments to these Regulations;

 

  (d) any dissolution or liquidation of the Company;

 

  (e) the approval of the total number of shares and classes of shares to be reserved for issuance under any employee stock option plan or any other equity-based incentive compensation program of the Group;

 

  (f) in accordance with Regulation 11, the alteration of the rights of holders of special classes of shares;

 

  (g) in accordance with Regulation 52(b), the purchase of Company’s own shares; and

 

  (h) in accordance with Regulation 52(b), any reduction of the capital of the Company.

 

80. Subject to the provisions of the Law, a resolution in writing signed by each Member for the time being entitled to receive notice of and to attend and vote at General Meetings shall be as valid and effective as if the same had been passed at a General Meeting of the Company duly convened and held. Any such resolution may consist of several documents (including facsimile copies) in the like form each signed by one or more of the Members or their attorneys, and signature in the case of a corporate body which is a Member shall be sufficient if made by a director or other authorised officer thereof or its duly appointed attorney.

CORPORATIONS ACTING BY REPRESENTATIVES AT GENERAL MEETINGS

 

81. Any corporation which is a Member may by resolution of its board of directors or other governing body authorise such Person as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any General Meeting or of any class of Members, and the Person so authorised shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the corporation which he represents, as that corporation could exercise if it were a natural Person.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

 

82.

Subject to Regulations 82A and 82G, unless and until otherwise determined by the Company in General Meeting, the number of Directors shall be up to twelve (12), consisting of nine (9) Directors elected in accordance with Regulation 82B (the “Elected Directors”) and up to three (3) Directors who shall be “independent directors” within the meaning of the rules of the Exchange (the “Independent Director”) elected in accordance with Regulation 82C. It is understood that, if at a proposed General Meeting there shall be elections of both Elected Directors and Independent Directors, there shall be two separate set of voting procedures, one


with respect to the Elected Directors and one with respect to the Independent Directors and at each such procedure the Members shall have the number of votes provided by these Regulations for the election of Elected Directors and Independent Directors respectively.

 

82A. Subject to Regulation 82G, on the date when any class A shares are issued, all then current Directors, being in total number not more than 9 (nine), shall be re-designated as Elected Directors, and any other Elected Director and all Independent Directors shall be appointed according to the provisions of these Regulations.

 

82B. Subject to Regulation 82G, the following provisions shall apply with respect to the Elected Directors:

 

  (a) Any Member or group of Members is entitled to nominate one or more individuals for election (or re-election) to the office of Elected Directors by serving a notice to the Company at least thirty (30) days prior to the General Meeting called for the election of the Elected Directors pursuant to Regulation 55. The Board shall screen all submitted nominations for compliance with Regulation 95 following which it shall compile and circulate a final slate of nominees to be voted on at the General Meeting to all the Members entitled to attend and vote at the relevant General Meeting at least fifteen (15) days prior to the scheduled date thereof.

 

  (b) Subject to Regulations 82B(c), 82D, 82E and 82F, appointment of the Elected Directors shall be made, from amongst the slate of nominees circulated pursuant to Regulation 82B(a), by a resolution of the General Meeting where the Members shall have weighted voting rights whereby each Member shall have the right to cast amongst one or more nominees as many votes as the votes attached to its shares multiplied by a number equal to the number of Elected Directors to be so appointed.

 

  (c) The Elected Directors shall be appointed as follows:

 

  (1) The initial term of office of the Elected Directors shall be until the first annual General Meeting following 31 December 2013.

 

  (2) All the Elected Directors shall retire from office at each Annual General Meeting in every subsequent year following 31 December 2013.

 

  (3) All retiring Elected Director shall be eligible for re-election.

 

  (4) The vacated office may be filled at the meeting at which the Elected Directors retire by electing another individual nominated pursuant to Regulation 82B(a) to the office of Elected Director, and in default the retiring Elected Director shall, if offering himself for re-election, be deemed to have been re-elected, unless at such meeting it is expressly resolved not to fill such vacated office or unless a resolution for the re-election of such Elected Director shall have been put to the meeting and not adopted.

 

82C. Subject to Regulation 82G, the following provisions shall apply with respect to the Independent Directors:

 

  (a) In the event of the initial Listing, the first Independent Director shall be appointed at the time of the Listing by a unanimous vote of the Elected Directors present and voting at a Board meeting and the second Independent Director shall be appointed within ninety (90) days after the Listing by a vote of ninety (90) per cent of the Elected Directors present and voting at a Board meeting.


  (b) Subject to Regulation 82C(a), each of the Board and any Member or group of Members is entitled to nominate one or more individuals for election (or re-election) to the office of Independent Directors. A Member or group of Members shall nominate individuals by serving a notice to the Company at least thirty (30) days prior to the General Meeting called for the election of the Elected Directors pursuant to Regulation 55. The Board shall screen all submitted nominations for compliance with Regulation 95 following which it shall compile and circulate a final slate of nominees to be voted on at the General Meeting to all the Members entitled to attend and vote at the relevant General Meeting at least fifteen (15) days prior to the scheduled date thereof.

 

  (c) Subject to Regulations 82C(a), 82C(d), 82D, 82E and 82F, appointments of the Independent Directors shall be made, from amongst the slate of nominees circulated pursuant to Regulation 82C(b), by a resolution of the General Meeting where the Members shall have weighted voting rights whereby each Member shall have the right to cast amongst one or more nominees as many votes as the votes attached to its shares multiplied by a number equal to the number of Independent Directors to be so appointed.

 

  (d) The Independent Directors shall be appointed as follows:

 

  (1) The initial term of office of each Independent Director shall be until the first annual General Meeting following 31 December 2013 at which such Independent Director’s successor has been duly elected and qualified.

 

  (2) Each Independent Director shall retire from office at each Annual General Meeting in every subsequent year following 31 December 2013 at which such Independent Director’s successor has been duly elected and qualified.

 

  (3) All retiring Independent Director shall be eligible for re-election.

 

  (4) The vacated office may be filled at the meeting at which the Independent Directors retire by electing another individual nominated pursuant to Regulation 82C(b) to the office of Independent Director, and in default the retiring Independent Director shall, if offering himself for re-election and if he has been so nominated by the Board, be deemed to have been re-elected, unless at such meeting it is expressly resolved not to fill such vacated office or unless a resolution for the re-election of such Independent Director shall have been put to the meeting and not adopted.

 

82D. Subject to Regulation 82G, if, for any reason, a position of Director on the Board becomes vacant during its term of office, the Board may (by an absolute majority of votes of all the Directors for the time being) appoint a new Person to fill such vacant position provided that (1) the Board shall within seven (7) days of such appointment notify in writing all Members thereof and (2) within twenty one (21) days following such appointment a Member or group of Members representing at least ten and one hundredth (10.01) per cent of the voting rights attached to the issued shares of the Company (the “Requesting Members”) may (at its absolute discretion) terminate the appointment of all Elected Directors and Independent Directors (following the procedure in Regulation 82E).

 

82E. Subject to Regulation 82G:

 

  (a) In the event that the appointment of all Elected Directors and Independent Directors is terminated by a Member or group of Members in accordance with Regulation 82D above, the Board shall remain in office only to summon a General Meeting for purposes of (i) termination of the entire Board pursuant to a request of the Requesting Members and (ii) appointment of new Elected Directors and new Independent Directors.


  (b) The following provisions shall apply to any General Meeting summoned for the purpose of considering all or any of the resolutions in Regulation 82E(a):

 

  (1) In respect of the termination of the entire Board pursuant to a request of the Requesting Members, the quorum necessary at such proposed General Meeting shall be the Requesting Members.

 

  (2) In respect of the termination of the entire Board pursuant to a request of the Requesting Members, the voting rights of the Members shall be adjusted so that the shares held by the Requesting Members shall confer on their holders fifty and one hundredth (50.01) per cent of the total voting rights attached to the issued shares of the Company.

 

  (3) In respect of the appointment of new Elected Directors and new Independent Directors, the quorum shall remain as set out in Regulations 58 and 59 and the voting rights of the Members shall remain as set out in Regulations 82B and 82C.

 

82F. Subject to Regulation 82G, if, for any reason, the number of Directors at the Board falls below the number fixed pursuant to these Regulations as the necessary quorum for Board meetings and the vacant positions are not filled in accordance with Regulation 82D above within twenty one (21) days, the remaining Board shall remain in office only to summon a General Meeting, at which all Directors shall retire and new Directors shall be appointed in accordance with Regulations 82B and 82C.

 

82G. The provisions of Regulations 82, 82A, 82B, 82C, 82D, 82E and 82F shall come into effect on and from the moment the Company issues class A shares. For so long as no class A shares have been issued, the Company shall have a minimum of two (2) Directors but there shall be no maximum.

 

83.

 

  (a) The remuneration of the Directors shall be determined from time to time by the Company in General Meeting.

 

  (b) Any Director who, upon the request of the Company, offers special services to the Company or needs to travel or stay abroad serving the purposes of the Company, shall receive from the Company such additional remuneration in the form of salary, grant, out-of-pocket expenses or in any other manner as the Board may decide.

 

84. It shall not be necessary for Directors to hold shares in the Company.

 

85. The Directors of the Company may be or become members of the board of directors or other officers of, or otherwise be interested in any company promoted by the Company or in which the Company may be interested as a shareholder or otherwise, and no such Director shall be accountable to the Company for any remuneration or other benefits received by him as a director or officer of, or from his interest in, such other company unless the Company otherwise directs.


BORROWING POWERS

 

86. The Directors may exercise all the powers of the Company to borrow or raise money without limitation or to guarantee and to mortgage, pledge, assign or otherwise charge its undertaking, property, assets, rights, choses in action and book debts, receivables, revenues and uncalled capital or any part thereof and to issue and create debentures, debenture stock, mortgages, pledges, assignments, charges or other securities as security for any debt, liability or obligation of the Company or of any third party.

POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

 

87. Subject to Regulations 79A and 79B, the business of the Company shall be managed by the Board, who may pay all expenses incurred in promoting and registering the Company, and may exercise all such powers of the Company as are not, by the Law or by these Regulations, required to be exercised by the Company in General Meeting, subject, nevertheless to any of these Regulations, to the provisions of the Law and to such regulations, being not inconsistent with the aforesaid Regulations or provisions as may be prescribed by the Company in General Meeting. For the avoidance of doubt, no regulation made by the Company in General Meeting shall invalidate any prior act of the Board which would have been valid if that regulation had not been made.

 

87A. Subject to any provisions of the present Regulations or the Law that requires approval of the Members and for so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding, the Board shall have the authority to resolve, among other things, on the following matters:

 

  (i) approval of the strategy of the Group;

 

  (ii) approval of the annual budget for the Group;

 

  (iii) approval of the Business Plan;

 

  (iv) any transactions (including sale of any interest in any Group Company) concluded outside of the Ordinary Course of Business, except for those transactions the value of which does not exceed the Authority Threshold in the aggregate during a financial year;

 

  (v) any sale or disposition of any interest in any Group Company (other than the Company) which does not lead to a change of Control over such Group Company;

 

  (vi) any sale or disposition of any interest in any Group Company (other than the Company) which leads to a change of Control over such Group Company;

 

  (vii) any sale or disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of any Group Company;

 

  (viii) acquisition or construction of a capital asset not included in the Budget and/or outside of the Ordinary Course of Business if the total expenditures by a Group Company would exceed the Authority Threshold in the aggregate in one or several related transactions over one or several years;

 

  (ix) any suspension, cessation or abandonment by any Group Company of any activity which exceeded the Authority Threshold in revenues for the most recent fiscal year;

 

  (x) any Group Company’s exit from or closing of a business or business segment, or a down-sizing, reduction in force or streamlining of any operation, that results in cash expenditures outside the Ordinary Course of Business for which the aggregate cash expense would exceed the Authority Threshold for any such projects or series of related projects;


  (xi) any merger, consolidation, amalgamation, conversion, reorganization, scheme of arrangement, dissolution or liquidation involving any Group Company (other than the Company) which does not lead to a change of Control over such Group Company;

 

  (xii) any merger, consolidation, amalgamation, conversion, reorganization, scheme of arrangement, dissolution or liquidation involving any Group Company (other than the Company) which leads to a change of Control over such Group Company;

 

  (xiii) any financing transaction entered into outside of the Ordinary Course of Business that exceeds the Authority Threshold between two or more Group Companies where one or more of the companies is not wholly-owned (directly or indirectly) by the Company;

 

  (xiv) any Group Company incurring any indebtedness outside of the Ordinary Course of Business in an amount greater than the Authority Threshold;

 

  (xv) any Group Company guarantying any indebtedness or granting security in respect of any indebtedness, in each case outside of the Ordinary Course of Business in an amount greater than the Authority Threshold;

 

  (xvi) entry into any contract (whether by renewal or otherwise) or group of related contracts by any Group Company outside of the Ordinary Course of Business with a value, or requiring aggregate payments to or from that Group Company, in excess of the Authority Threshold;

 

  (xvii) any Group Company’s entry into any lease obligation wherein the present value of the aggregate lease obligation as estimated by the CEO is greater than the Authority Threshold;

 

  (xviii) any Group Company’s entry into a transaction outside of the Ordinary Course of Business that is not specifically contemplated in the Business Plan involving the purchase, sale, lease or other acquisition or disposition of interests in land, buildings, fixtures, machinery, equipment and appurtenances in any case for consideration that exceeds the Authority Threshold in any transaction or series of related transactions;

 

  (xix) entry into (whether by renewal or otherwise) into any agreement or transaction by any Group Company with a Related Party except for: (1) transactions in Ordinary Course of Business on an arm’s length basis, (2) intra-group transactions, (3) transactions at the price less than fifty thousand (50 000) US Dollars (if the price can be determined at the moment of conclusion of transaction);

 

  (xx) any Material Transaction, provided that, in the case of a Material Transaction A approval of the Board shall not be required prior to entry into a Material Transaction A but shall be obtained within thirty (30) days after calculation of the Transaction Amount. If a Material Transaction A is not approved by the Board within thirty (30) days after calculation of the Transaction Amount, such Material Transaction A shall be terminated as soon as reasonably practicable;

 

  (xxi) issuance and allotment of shares by the Company for consideration other than cash;

 

  (xxii) any change in the authorized or issued share capital of any Group Company (other than the Company) which does not lead to a change of Control over such Group Company;


  (xxiii) any change in the authorized or issued share capital of any Group Company (other than the Company) which leads to a change of Control over such Group Company;

 

  (xxiv) subject to Regulation 102, appointment, re-appointment or early termination of the Chairman of the Board;

 

  (xxv) subject to Regulation 108, appointment, re-appointment or early termination of the employment of the CEO;

 

  (xxvi) subject to Regulation 110, determination of the remuneration of the CEO;

 

  (xxvii) approval of management contracts to be entered into by any Group Company with a third party provider;

 

  (xxviii) appointment of the CFO;

 

  (xxix) recommendation to the CEO of the candidacy of the Head of Internal Security;

 

  (xxx) appointment of the internal auditor;

 

  (xxxi) determination of the remuneration the internal auditor;

 

  (xxxii) subject to Regulation 103, appointment or termination of members of the Board to its committees;

 

  (xxxiii) subject to Regulations 103, 104 and 105, approval of charters of any committee of the Board;

 

  (xxxiv) approval of any policies of the Group;

 

  (xxxv) (i) employment of such accountants, lawyers, investment bankers, consultants, independent contractors and other advisors, (ii) execution and delivery of such papers, documents and instruments, (iii) payment of such fees and other amounts, and (iv) commission of such acts, in each case as determined to be necessary or desirable in furtherance of the exercise of the Board’s authority;

 

  (xxxvi) approval of the annual audited accounts of any Group Company (other than the Company), both stand-alone and/or consolidated;

 

  (xxxvii) proposal to the General Meeting candidacies of the Auditors;

 

  (xxxviii) payment of any dividends, including interim dividends, by a Group Company other than (i) dividends paid by a Group Company which is wholly-owned (directly or indirectly) by the Company, (ii) final dividends paid by the Company or (ii) preferred dividends required by law or by the charter of such Group Company;

 

  (xxxix) approval of quarterly accounts of the Company;

 

  (xl) initiation by any Group Company of any litigation, action, suit, claim, arbitration, proceeding or other legal matter that is material to the reputation of the Group or if resulted adversely could materially and adversely affect the Group taken as a whole;

 

  (xli) settlement by any Group Company of any litigation, action, suit, claim, arbitration, proceeding or other legal matter, including any investigation by a governmental authority, that is material to the reputation of the Group or if resulted adversely could materially and adversely affect the Group taken as a whole;


  (xlii) adoption of any employee stock option plan or any other equity-based incentive compensation program of the Group (subject to the General Meeting approving the total number of shares and classes of shares to be reserved for issuance under any such program in accordance with Regulation 79B);

 

  (xliii) approval of any matter to be submitted to the General Meeting for a vote;

 

  (xliv) subject to Regulations 88 and 103, delegation of (including authority to sub-delegate and re-delegate) any authority of the Board to any officer or employee of a Group Company, or to any team, committee or other group that includes such officers or employees, to the extent that that any such delegation does not violate, circumvent or conflict with any requirement for a qualified majority vote or voting of one or majority of Independent Directors; and

 

  (xlv) adoption of resolutions on voting procedures on behalf of the Company, the issue of powers of attorney and/or voting directives to the representatives of the Company at the general meetings of shareholders/participants of legal entities in which shares (participatory interests) are owned by the Company, in relation to any of the foregoing matters.

 

87B. The Board shall procure that, as the management and control of the Company is undertaken from Cyprus, the Company is managed and operated having regard to the tax benefits of the Company and in accordance with applicable law, so as to ensure that the Company satisfies applicable tax residency requirements and maintains its Cyprus tax resident status.

 

87C. The Board may appoint any person to attend any meeting or meetings of the Board, and/or any committee established by the Board under, and in accordance with, these Regulations, as an observer and any person so appointed (an “Observer”), subject to entering into a standard confidentiality agreement with the Company, shall be given (at the same time as provided to the Directors and/or committee members, as relevant) notice of all meetings of the Board and/or the committee to which the Observer has been appointed (as relevant), and to which that Observer is entitled to attend, and shall be given all agendas, minutes and other relevant papers relating to such meetings. An Observer shall be entitled to attend any meetings to which it has been appointed, provided that the Observer shall not be entitled in any circumstances to vote at any such meeting and he shall not be counted for the purpose of quorum. The Board may at any time and from time to time (i) remove any Observer appointed by it and appoint another person in his or her place in accordance with the provisions of this Regulation; and/or (ii) limit or exclude the attendance of an Observer in certain meetings of the Board and/or any committee (or any part thereof), except where the Board has adopted and/or approved formal, written terms of appointment in respect of that Observer, which expressly exclude this power of the Board.

 

88. The Board may from time to time and at any time appoint any company, firm or Person or body of Persons, whether nominated directly or indirectly by the Board, to be the authorised representative or attorney of the Company for such purposes and with such powers, authorities and discretions (not exceeding those vested in or exercisable by the Board under these Regulations) and for such period and subject to such conditions as it may think fit, and any such authorisation or power of attorney may contain such provisions for the protection and convenience of Persons dealing with any such authorised representative or attorney as the Board may think fit and may also authorise the aforementioned authorised representative or attorney to delegate all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in him.

 

89. The Company may exercise the powers conferred by section 36 of the Law with regard to having an official Seal for use abroad, and such powers shall be vested in the Board.


90. The Company may exercise the powers conferred upon the Company by the Law with regard to the keeping of a register outside Cyprus, and the Board may (subject to the provisions of the Law) make and vary regulations as it may think fit with respect to the keeping of any such register.

 

91.

 

  (a) A Director who is in any way, whether directly or indirectly, interested in a contract or proposed contract with the Company shall declare the nature of his interest at a meeting of the Board in accordance with section 191 of the Law.

 

  (b) A Director shall not vote in respect of any contract or arrangement in which he is interested, and if he shall do so his vote shall not be counted, nor shall he be counted in the quorum present at the meeting.

 

  (c) The Directors may hold any other office or place of profit under the Company (other than the office of Auditor) in conjunction with their office of Director for such period and on such terms (as to remuneration or otherwise) as the Board may determine and no Director or intending Director shall be disqualified by his office from contracting with the Company either with regard to his tenure of any such other office or place of profit or as vendor, purchaser or otherwise, nor shall any such contract, or any contract or arrangement entered into by or on behalf of the Company in which any Director is in any way interested, be liable to be avoided, nor shall any Directors so contracting or being so interested be liable to account to the Company for any profit realised by any such contract or arrangement by reason of such Directors holding that office or of the fiduciary relation thereby established.

 

  (d) The Directors may act in a professional capacity by themselves or through the firm to which they belong for the Company, and they or the firm to which they belong to shall be entitled to remuneration for their professional services, without taking into account their capacity as Directors. Provided that nothing herein contained shall authorise a Director or the firm to which he belongs to act as Auditors.

 

92. All cheques, promissory notes, drafts, bills of exchange and other negotiable instruments, and all receipts for moneys paid to the Company, shall be signed, drawn, accepted, endorsed, or otherwise executed, as the case may be, in such manner as the Board shall from time to time by resolution determine.

 

93. The Board shall cause minutes to be made in the books provided for the purpose:

 

  (a) of all appointments of officers made by the Board;

 

  (b) of the names of the Directors present at each meeting of the Board and of any committee of the Board; and

 

  (c) of all resolutions and proceedings at all General Meetings, of meetings of the Board, and of committees of the Board.

 

93A. The secretary of the meeting of the Board may be appointed by the Chairman to act as the secretary of such a meeting or meetings and take the minutes.

PENSIONS

 

94.

The Board may grant retirement pensions or annuities or other gratuities or allowances, including allowances on death, to any Person or Persons in respect of services rendered by him or them to the Company whether as managing Directors or in any other office or


  employment under the Company or indirectly as officers or employees of any subsidiary or Affiliate, notwithstanding that he or they may be or may have been a Director of the Company and the Company may make payments towards insurance, trusts, schemes or funds for such purposes in respect of such Person or Persons and may include rights in respect of such pensions, annuities and allowances in the terms of engagement of any such Person or Persons.

DISQUALIFICATION OF DIRECTORS

 

95. The office of any of the Directors shall be vacated or shall be precluded from being elected if the relevant person:

 

  (a) ceases to be a Director by virtue of section 176 of the Law; or

 

  (b) becomes bankrupt or makes any arrangement or composition with his creditors generally; or

 

  (c) becomes prohibited from being a Director by reason of any order made under section 180 of the Law; or

 

  (d) becomes permanently incapable or performing his/her duties due to mental or physical illness or due to his/her death;

 

  (e) resigns his office by notice in writing to the Company; or

 

  (f) in respect of the Independent Directors, does not meet the independence criteria within the meaning of the rules of the Exchange.

REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS

 

96. The Company may by Ordinary Resolution, of which special notice has been given in accordance with section 136 of the Law, remove any Director before the expiration of his period of office notwithstanding anything in these Regulations or in any agreement between the Company and such Director. Such removal shall be without prejudice to any claim such Director may have for damages for breach of any contract of service between him and the Company.

PROCEEDINGS OF MEETINGS OF THE BOARD

 

97. The Board may meet together for the dispatch of business, adjourn, and otherwise regulate its meetings as it thinks fit and matters arising at any meeting shall be decided by an absolute majority of votes of all the Directors for the time being other than the matters set out below which, for so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding, shall be decided upon as follows:

 

  (a) the matters in Regulations 87A(i), 87A(ii), 87A(iii), 87A(vi), 87A(vii), 87A(xii), 87A(xxi), 87A(xxiii) and 87A(xliv) shall require a Qualified Majority of votes where a “Qualified Majority” means seventy five (75) per cent majority of votes of all Directors for the time being,

 

  (b) matters in Regulations 87A(ii), 87A(xxiv) and 87A(xli) shall require an affirmative vote of at least one Independent Director noting that the matters in Regulation 87A(ii) require in addition a Qualified Majority of votes of the Directors,

 

  (c) matters in Regulations 87A(xxx), 87A(xxxvi) and 87A(xxxvii) shall require an affirmative vote of at least one Independent Director who is at the same time the chairman of the audit committee (provided that such is formed within the Company),


  (d) matters in Regulations 87A(xix) and 87A(xl) shall require an affirmative vote of a majority of Independent Directors, and

 

  (e) matters in Regulation 87A(xix) shall require, in addition to the requirement in Regulation 97(d) above, a seventy five (75) per cent majority of votes of the Directors other than those who qualify as a Related Party.

 

98. The Chairman shall have no second or casting vote in case of a tie.

 

99. Any Director may, and the secretary on the requisition of a Director shall, at any time summon a meeting of the Board. It shall be necessary to give at least a ninety six (96) hours’ notice of a meeting of the Board to any Director, provided, however, that a meeting may be held upon shorter notice if all members of the Board consent to the same. A meeting may be held by telephone or other means whereby all Persons present may at the same time hear and be heard by everybody else present and Persons who participate in this way shall be considered present at the meeting. In such case the meeting shall be deemed to be held where the secretary of the meeting is located. All Board and committee meetings shall take place in Cyprus where the management and control of the Company shall rest.

 

100. For so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding, the quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of the Board shall be simple majority of the total number of the Elected Directors and all then existing Independent Directors. For so long as no class A shares are in issue and are outstanding and in any event until the initial Listing, the quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of the Board shall be simple majority of the Directors.

 

101. The continuing Directors may act notwithstanding any vacancy in their body, but, for so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding, if their number is reduced below the number fixed by or pursuant to these Regulations as the necessary quorum of Board meetings, the continuing Directors may act solely to fill in the vacant positions as per the procedure set forth in Regulation 82E for the purpose of increasing the number of Directors to that number, or of summoning a General Meeting, but for no other purpose.

 

102. The Board shall by an absolute majority of votes of all the Directors for the time being, provided that an affirmative vote of at least one Independent Director is received (for so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding), elect a Chairman; but if no such Chairman is elected, or if at any meeting the Chairman is not present within thirty (30) minutes after the time appointed for holding the same, the Directors present may choose one of them to chair the meeting provided that such temporary Chairman shall have no second or casting vote in case of a tie. The initial term of appointment of the Chairman shall be until the first meeting of the new Board appointed after 31 December 2013. Any subsequent term of appointment of the Chairman shall be for a period from the date of his appointment until the first meeting of the Board on the second year after the date of his appointment. During the initial term of appointment of the Chairman, his appointment may not be terminated by the Board other than if he ceases to be a Director for any reason, including the reasons set out in Regulation 95, or if he is removed from office by an absolute majority of votes of all the Directors for the time being, provided that an affirmative vote of at least one Independent Director is received (for so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding).

 

103. The Board may delegate any of its powers to a committee or committees consisting of one or more Directors as the Board thinks fit; any committee so formed shall in the exercise of the powers so delegated conform to any regulations that may be imposed on it by the Board, as to its powers, constitution, proceedings, quorum or otherwise.


104. A committee may elect a chairman of its meetings; if no such chairman is elected, or if at any meeting the chairman is not present within fifteen (15) minutes after the time appointed for holding the same, the members present may choose one of their number to be chairman of the meeting. No chairman of a committee shall have a second or casting vote. In case of deadlock on any matter at a committee level, such matter shall be referred by the relevant committee to the Board.

 

105. Subject to any regulations imposed on it by the Board, a committee may meet and adjourn as it thinks proper and questions arising at any meeting shall be determined by a majority of votes of its members present.

 

106. All acts done by any meeting of the Board or of a committee of the Board or by any Person acting in his capacity as a Director shall, notwithstanding that it be afterwards discovered that there was some defect in the appointment of any such Director or Person acting as aforesaid, or that they or any of them were disqualified, be as valid as if every such Person had been duly appointed and was qualified to be a Director.

 

107. A resolution in writing signed or approved by letter, email or facsimile by each Director shall be as valid and effectual as if it had been passed at a meeting of the Board or a committee duly convened and held and when signed may consist of several documents each signed by one or more of the Persons aforesaid (save where these Regulations require unanimity in which case any such resolution must be signed by all of the Directors).

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

 

108. The Board may by an absolute majority of votes of all the Directors for the time being appoint a Person who shall also be a Director to be the Chief Executive Officer (the “CEO”) of the Company for such period and on such terms as it thinks fit, and, subject to the terms of any agreement entered into in any particular case and Regulation 109 (if applicable), may revoke such appointment.

 

109. The initial term of appointment of the CEO shall be until the first meeting of the new Board appointed after 31 December 2013. Any subsequent term of appointment of the CEO shall be for a period from the date of his appointment until the first meeting of the Board on the second year after the date of its appointment. During the initial term of appointment of the CEO, his appointment may not be terminated by the Board other than if he ceases to be a Director for any reason, including the reasons set out in Regulation 95, or if his appointment is revoked by an absolute majority of votes of all the Directors for the time being. The provisions of this Regulation 109, shall come into effect on and from the moment the Company issues class A shares and shall only apply for so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding.

 

110. A CEO shall receive such remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission or participation in profits, or partly in one way and partly in another) as the Board may determine. The remuneration of the Director appointed as CEO shall be independent of and additional to the remuneration fixed by virtue of Regulation 83.

 

111. The CEO shall be the person in charge and be responsible for all day-to-day affairs of the Group. The CEO shall have the power to decide upon all transactions which do not require approval of the Members or the Board pursuant to these Regulations or the Law as well as have such other duties and powers as may be delegated to him by the Board from time to time.

 

111B. The CEO may at his discretion delegate all or part of his duties and powers to a deputy of the CEO (“Deputy CEO”) to be designated by him. In the event of revocation or termination of the appointment of the CEO the appointment of the Deputy CEO shall be simultaneously be deemed to be revoked and terminated.


SECRETARY

 

112. The Secretary shall be appointed by the Board for such term, at such remuneration and upon such conditions as it may think fit; and any Secretary so appointed may be removed by it.

 

113. No Person shall be appointed or hold office as Secretary who is:

 

  (a) the sole Director of the Company; or

 

  (b) a corporation the sole director of which is at the same time the sole Director of the Company; or

 

  (c) the sole director of a corporation which is the sole Director of the Company.

 

114. A provision of the Law or these Regulations requiring or authorising a thing to be done by or to a Director and the Secretary shall not be satisfied by its being done by or to the same Person acting both as Director and as, or in place of, the Secretary.

SEAL

 

115.

 

  (a) The Board shall provide for the safe custody of the Seal, which shall only be used by the authority of the Board or of a committee of the Board authorised by the Board in that behalf, and every instrument to which the Seal shall be affixed shall be signed by a Director and shall be countersigned by the Secretary or by a second Director or by some other Person appointed by the Board for this purpose.

 

  (b) The Company may have, in addition to the said Seal, an official seal under the provisions of section 36(1) of the Law and which shall be used for the purposes stated in the said section.

DIVIDENDS AND RESERVE

 

116. Subject to Regulation 79A, the Company in General Meeting may declare dividends, but no dividend shall exceed the amount recommended by the Board.

 

117. For so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding, the Board may, from time to time and subject to the provisions of section 169C of the Law, distribute to the Members such interim dividends as appear to the Board to be justified by the profits of the Company.

 

118. No dividend shall be declared otherwise than out of profits.

 

119. The Board may, before recommending any dividend, set aside out of the profits of the Company such sums as it thinks proper as a reserve or reserves which shall, at the discretion of the Board, be applicable for any purpose to which the profits of the Company may be properly applied, and pending such application may, at the like discretion, either be employed in the business of the Company or be invested in such investments (other than shares of the Company) as the Board may from time to time think fit. The Board may also without placing the same to the reserve carry forward any profits which it may think prudent not to distribute.

 

120.

Subject to the rights of Persons, if any, entitled to shares with special rights as to dividends, all dividends shall be declared and distributed according to the proportion of the total amounts that are required to be paid up on each share that have been paid up or credited as paid up on that share in respect whereof the dividend is distributed, but no amount distributed or credited as distributed on a share in advance of calls shall be treated for the purposes of this Regulation as distributed on the share. All dividends shall be apportioned and distributed


  proportionately to the proportion of the total amounts that are required to be paid up on each share that have been paid up or credited as paid up during any portion or portions of the period in respect of which the dividend is distributed; but if any share is issued on terms providing that it shall rank for dividend as from a particular date such share shall rank for dividend accordingly.

 

121. The Board may deduct from any dividend distributable to any Member all sums of money (if any) presently payable by him to the Company on account of calls in relation to the shares of the Company.

 

122. When the Company declares a dividend or bonus according to the present Regulations, it may direct payment of such dividend or bonus wholly or partly by the distribution of specific assets and in particular of paid up shares, debentures or debenture stock of any other company or in any one or more of such ways, and the Board shall give effect to such resolution, and where any difficulty arises in regard to such distribution, the Board may settle the same as it thinks expedient, and in particular may issue fractional certificates and fix the value for distribution of such specific assets or any part thereof and may determine that cash payments shall be made to any Members upon the footing of the value so fixed in order to adjust the rights of all parties, and may vest any such specific assets in trustees as may seem expedient to the Board.

 

123. Any dividend, interest or other moneys distributed in cash in respect of shares may be distributed by cheque or warrant sent through the post directed to the registered address of the holder or, in the case of joint holders, to the registered address of that one of the joint holders who is first named in the register of Members or to such Person and to such address as the holder or joint holders may in writing direct. Every such cheque or warrant shall be made payable to the order of the Person to whom it is sent. Any one of two or more joint holders may give effectual receipts for any dividends, bonuses or other moneys distributable in respect of the shares held by them as joint holders.

 

124. No dividend shall bear interest against the Company.

ACCOUNTS

 

125. The Board shall cause proper books of account to be kept with respect to:

 

  (a) all sums of money received and expended by the Company and the matters in respect of which the receipt and expenditure takes place;

 

  (b) all sales and purchases of goods by the Company; and

 

  (c) the assets and liabilities of the Company.

Proper books shall not be deemed to be kept if there are not kept such books of account as are necessary to give a true and fair view of the state of the Company’s affairs and to explain its transactions.

 

126. The books of account shall be kept at the registered office of the Company, or, subject to section 141(3) of the Law, at such other place or places as the Board thinks fit, and shall always be open to the inspection of the Directors.

 

127. The Board shall from time to time determine whether and to what extent and at what times and places and under what conditions or regulations the accounts and books of the Company or any of them shall be open to the inspection of Members not being Directors and no Member (not being a Director) shall have any right of inspecting any account or book or document of the Company except as conferred by statute or authorised by the Board or by the Company in General Meeting.


128. Subject to Regulation 79A, the Board shall from time to time, in accordance with sections 142 and 151 of the Law, cause to be prepared and to be laid before the Company in General Meeting for its approval such profit and loss accounts, balance sheets, group accounts (if any) and reports as are referred to in the aforesaid sections.

 

129. A copy of every balance sheet (including every document required by law to be annexed thereto) which is to be laid before the Company in General Meeting, together with a copy of the Auditors’ report shall, not less than twenty-one (21) days before the date of the General Meeting, be sent to every Member of, and every holder of debentures of the Company and to every Person registered under Regulation 40.

Provided that this Regulation shall not require a copy of those documents to be sent to any Person of whose address the Company is not aware or to more than one of the joint holders of any shares or debentures.

CAPITALISATION OF PROFITS

 

130. The Company in General Meeting may upon the recommendation of the Board resolve that it is desirable to capitalise any part of the amount for the time being standing to the credit of any of the Company’s reserve accounts or to the credit of the profit and loss account or otherwise available for distribution, and accordingly that such sum be set free for distribution, amongst the Members who would have been entitled thereto if distributed by way of dividend and in the same proportions on condition that the same be not paid in cash but be applied either in or towards paying up any amounts for the time being unpaid on any shares held by such Members respectively or paying up in full unissued shares or debentures of the Company to be allotted, distributed and credited as fully paid up to and amongst such Members in the proportions aforesaid, or partly in the one way and partly in the other, and the Board shall give effect to such resolution.

Provided that the share premium account and the capital redemption reserve fund may, for the purposes of this Regulation, only be applied in the paying up of unissued shares to be issued to Members of the Company as fully paid bonus shares.

 

131. Whenever such a resolution as aforesaid shall have been passed, the Board shall make all appropriations and applications of the undivided profits resolved to be capitalised thereby, and all allotments and issues of fully paid up shares or debentures, if any, and generally shall do all acts and things required to give effect thereto, with full power to the Board to follow such provisions by the issue of fractional certificates or by payment in cash or otherwise as it thinks fit for the case of shares or debentures becoming distributable in fractions and also to authorise any Person to enter on behalf of all the Members entitled thereto into an agreement with the Company providing for the allotment to them respectively, credited as fully paid up, of any further shares or debentures to which they may be entitled upon such capitalisation, or (as the case may require) for the payment up by the Company on their behalf, by the application thereto of their respective proportions of the profits resolved to be capitalised, of the amounts or any part of the amounts remaining unpaid on their existing shares, and any agreement made under such authority shall be effective and binding on all such Members.

AUDIT

 

132.

Subject to Regulation 79A, the Auditors shall be appointed by Ordinary Resolution. For so long as class A shares are in issue and are outstanding, the Board shall have the right to propose to the General Meeting candidacies of the Auditors.


NOTICES

 

133. A notice may be given by the Company to its Members either personally or by sending it by post, email or facsimile to them or to their registered address. Where a notice is sent by post, service of the notice shall be deemed to be effected, provided that it has been properly mailed, addressed, and posted, at the expiration of twenty-four (24) hours after same is posted. Where a notice is sent by email or facsimile it shall be deemed to be effected as soon as it is sent, provided in the event of email there is no notification of non-receipt and in the event of facsimile there will be the relevant transmission confirmation.

 

134. A notice may be given by the Company to the joint holders of a share by giving the notice to the joint holder first named in the register of Members in respect of the share.

 

135. A notice may be given by the Company to the Persons entitled to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy of a Member by sending it through the post in a prepaid letter addressed to them by name, or by the title of representative of the deceased, or trustee of the bankrupt, or by any like descriptions, at the address, if any, supplied for the purpose by the Persons claiming to be so entitled, or (until such an address has been so supplied) by giving the notice in any manner in which the same might have been given if the death or bankruptcy had not occurred.

 

136. Notice of every General Meeting shall be given in any manner herein-before authorised to:

 

  (a) every Member except those Members who have not supplied to the Company a registered address for the giving of notices to them;

 

  (b) every Person upon whom the ownership of a share devolves by reason of his being a legal personal representative or a trustee in bankruptcy of a Member where the Member but for his death or bankruptcy would be entitled to receive notice of the General Meeting; and

 

  (c) the Auditors.

No other Person shall be entitled to receive notices of General Meetings.

WINDING UP

 

137. Subject to Regulation 79B, if the Company shall be wound up the liquidator may, with the sanction of a Special Resolution and any other sanction required by the Law, divide amongst the Members in specie or kind the whole or any part of the assets of the Company (whether they shall consist of property of the same kind or not) and may for such purpose set such value as he deems reasonable upon any property to be divided as aforesaid and may determine how such division shall be carried out as between the Members or different classes of Members. The liquidator may, with the like sanction, vest the whole or any part of such assets in trustees upon such trusts for the benefit of the contributories as the liquidator, with the like sanction, shall think fit, but so that no Member shall be compelled to accept any shares or other securities whereon there is any liability.

INDEMNITY

 

138. Every Director or other officer for the time being of the Company shall be indemnified out of the assets of the Company against any losses or liabilities which he may sustain or incur in or about the execution of his duties including liability incurred by him in defending any proceedings whether civil or criminal in which judgment is given in his favour or in which he is acquitted or in connection with any application under section 383 of the Law in which relief is granted to him by the Court and no Directors or officers of the Company shall be liable for any loss, damage or misfortune which may happen to or be incurred by the Company in the execution of the duties of his office or in relation thereto. But this Regulation shall only have effect insofar as its provisions are not avoided by section 197 of the Law.
EX-4.4 3 d426593dex44.htm EX-4.4 EX-4.4

Exhibit 4.4

FORM OF VOTING AGREEMENT

This Voting Agreement (this “Agreement”), dated as of                     , 2013, is entered into by and among Saldivar Investments Limited (“Saldivar”), Sergey A. Solonin (“Sergey Solonin”), Palmway Holdings Limited (“Palmway”), Antana International Corporation (“Antana”), Andrey N. Romanenko (“Andrey Romanenko”), Dargle International Limited (“Dargle”), Igor N. Mikhailov (“Igor Mikhailov”), Bralvo Limited (“Bralvo”), E1 Limited (“E1”), Mail.ru Group Limited (“Mail.ru”) and Mitsui & Co., Ltd. (“Mitsui” and together with Saldivar, Sergey Solonin, Palmway, Antana, Andrey Romanenko, Dargle, Igor Mikhailov, Bralvo, E1 and Mail.ru, the “Shareholders” and each a “Shareholder”), which are shareholders of QIWI PLC (the “Company”).

WHEREAS, as of the date hereof the Shareholders beneficially own an aggregate of class A shares of €0.0005 each and class B shares of €0.0005 each, representing in the aggregate 100% of the entire issued and outstanding share capital of the Company. It is the intention of the Shareholders to sell all of their class B shares to third-party investors in the offering pursuant to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 (Registration No.             ) (the “Registration Statement”).

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual covenants and agreements herein contained, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the Company and the Shareholders hereby agree as follows:

1. Representations and Warranties.

(a) Each Shareholder represents and warrants that it has all necessary power and authority to enter into this Agreement, that this Agreement is the legal, valid and binding agreement of such Shareholder, and that this Agreement is enforceable against such Shareholder in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors generally or by general equitable principles (whether applied in equity or at law).

(b) Each Shareholder represents and warrants that (i) as of the date hereof, it owns beneficially the number of class A shares set forth on Exhibit A, (ii) to the extent it beneficially owns class A shares, it has the right to vote or direct the vote of such class A shares, without restriction, and (iii) to the extent it beneficially owns class A shares, no proxies heretofore given in respect of any or all of such class A shares are irrevocable and that any such proxies have heretofore been revoked.

2. Agreement To Vote Shares.

Each Shareholder agrees that, on or after the effective date of the Registration Statement (the “Effective Date”), and for as long as it holds class A shares, it will vote, or cause to be voted, all of the class A shares beneficially owned by it with respect to which it has the right at any meeting of shareholders of the Company (including any adjournment or postponement thereof), or pursuant to any action by written consent from time to time and at all times, in whatever manner as shall be necessary:

(a) to ensure that no director who is a director of the Company as of the Effective Date is removed from the board of directors other than pursuant to Regulations 95(c), 95(d) and 95(e) of the Company’s Articles of Association; and

(b) to procure, to the extent that such Shareholder can, that the chairman of the board of directors is not removed from office unless the chairman is concurrently to be removed from the board of directors pursuant to Regulations 95(c), 95(d) and 95(e) of the Company’s Articles of Association.

3. Termination.

The obligations of a Shareholder under this Agreement shall terminate upon the first to occur of (a) the failure of the Shareholders to hold shares representing an aggregate of more than 90.00% of the voting power of the Company and (b) the first meeting of the shareholders of the Company in 2014 at which the board of directors will be re-elected. No termination of this Agreement will relieve any party from liability for any material breach of its obligations hereunder committed prior to such termination.

5. Amendment; Assignment; Binding Effect.

This Agreement may not be modified, amended, altered or supplemented except upon the execution and delivery of a written agreement executed by the parties hereto. This Agreement shall not be assigned by operation of law or otherwise without the prior written consent of the other parties hereto. This Agreement will be binding upon, inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by each party and such party’s respective heirs, beneficiaries, executors, representatives and permitted assigns.

6. Counterparts.

This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

7. Severability.

Any term or provision of this Agreement which is invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to that jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity or unenforceability, without rendering invalid or unenforceable the remaining terms and provisions of this Agreement or affecting the validity or enforceability of any of the terms or provisions of this Agreement in any other jurisdiction.

9. Entire Agreement.

(a) This Agreement supersedes any previous agreement between the parties hereto in relation to the matters dealt with herein and represents the entire understanding between them in relation to the matters dealt with herein.

(b) Each party confirms that it is not entering into this Agreement in reliance upon any representation or warranty not expressly set out in this Agreement.


8. Governing Law and Arbitration.

(a) The construction, validity and performance of this Agreement and any dispute, controversy or claim arising out of or in connection with this Agreement or its subject matter (including non-contractual disputes or claims) shall be governed in all respects by English law.

(b) Any dispute, controversy or claim arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, including any question regarding its existence, validity or termination, shall be referred to and finally resolved by arbitration under the rules (the “Rules”) of the London Court of International Arbitration (the “LCIA”) which Rules are deemed to be incorporated by reference into this Clause 8. The parties hereby agree that any restriction in the Rules upon the nomination or appointment of an arbitrator by reason of nationality shall not apply to any arbitration commenced pursuant to this Clause 8.

(c) The tribunal shall consist of 3 (three) arbitrators.

(d) The Claimant and the Respondent shall each nominate one arbitrator, and the two arbitrators so nominated shall nominate a third arbitrator who shall act as chairman of the tribunal.

(e) If either party fails to nominate an arbitrator either in the Request for Arbitration or in the Response as required by the Rules, such arbitrator shall at the request of either party be appointed by the LCIA.

(f) If the two arbitrators nominated by the Parties fail to agree upon a third arbitrator within fifteen (15) days of receipt by the Registrar of the Response, the third arbitrator shall be appointed by the LCIA in accordance with Article 5.6 of the Rules.

(g) The place of arbitration shall be London, England.

(h) The language of the arbitration shall be English.

(i) In the event that there are multiple Claimants or multiple Respondents, all Claimants and all Respondents shall attempt to agree upon the nomination of their respective arbitrator. If all Claimants and/or all Respondents fail to nominate their respective arbitrator either in the Request for Arbitration or in the Response as required by the Rules, an arbitrator shall be appointed on their behalf by the LCIA in accordance with its Rules. In such circumstances, any existing nomination of the arbitrator chosen by the Party or Parties on the other side of the proposed arbitration shall be unaffected.

(j) An arbitral tribunal appointed under this Agreement shall, in the event of any further arbitration proceeding(s) commenced under this Agreement, have the power, upon request of any Party, to order that all or part of the matters at issue in the further proceedings be consolidated with the arbitration proceedings that are already pending, if these disputes are so closely connected that it is efficient to resolve them in the same proceedings.

9. No Third Party Beneficiaries.

Nothing contained in this Agreement, expressed or implied, is intended to confer upon any person or entity other than the parties hereto any benefit, right or remedy.

[Signature Page Follows]


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized respective officers as of the date first written above.

 

SIGNED

  )    SIGNATURE:                     

for and on behalf of

 

)

  

SALDIVAR INVESTMENTS LIMITED

 

)

   NAME:                                

SIGNED

 

)

   SIGNATURE:                     

SERGEY A. SOLONIN

 

)

  

SIGNED

 

)

   SIGNATURE:                     

for and on behalf of

 

)

  

PALMWAY HOLDINGS LIMITED

 

)

   NAME:                                  

SIGNED

 

)

   SIGNATURE:                     

for and on behalf of

 

)

  

ANTANA INTERNATIONAL LIMITED

 

)

   NAME:                                  

SIGNED

 

)

   SIGNATURE:                     

ANDREY N. ROMANENKO

 

)

  

SIGNED

 

)

   SIGNATURE:                     

for and on behalf of

 

)

  

DARGLE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED

 

)

   NAME:                                  

SIGNED

 

)

   SIGNATURE:                     

IGOR N. MIKHAILOV

 

)

  

SIGNED

 

)

   SIGNATURE:                     

for and on behalf of

 

)

  

BRALVO LIMITED

 

)

   NAME:                                  

SIGNED

 

)

   SIGNATURE:                     

for and on behalf of

 

)

  

El LIMITED

 

)

   NAME:                                  

SIGNED

 

)

   SIGNATURE:                     

for and on behalf of

 

)

  

MAIL.RU GROUP LIMITED

 

)

   NAME:                                  

SIGNED

 

)

   SIGNATURE:                     

for and on behalf of

 

)

  

MITSUI & CO., LTD.

 

)

   NAME:                                  


EXHIBIT A

Shareholdings

EX-4.5 4 d426593dex45.htm EX-4.5 EX-4.5

Exhibit 4.5

FORM OF REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

by and between

QIWI plc

and

The Investors Party Hereto

Dated as of              , 2013


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          Page  

1.      DEFINITIONS

     1   

2.      REGISTRATION RIGHTS

     2   

2.1

  

Demand Registration

     2   

2.2

  

Piggyback Registration

     4   

2.3

  

Withdrawal Rights

     5   

2.4

  

Underwriting Requirements

     5   

2.5

  

Obligations of the Company

     6   

2.6

  

Furnish Information

     9   

2.7

  

Expenses of Registration

     9   

2.8

  

Indemnification

     9   

2.9

  

Reports Under Exchange Act

     12   

2.10

  

Termination of Registration Rights

     12   

2.11

  

Other Registrations

     12   

2.12

  

Holdback Agreements

     13   

2.13

  

Ceasing to be a Foreign Private Issuer

     13   

3.      MISCELLANEOUS

     13   

3.1

  

Successors and Assigns

     13   

3.2

  

Governing Law and Arbitration

     13   

3.3

  

Effectiveness; IPO; Term

     14   

3.4

  

Counterparts; Facsimile

     14   

3.5

  

Titles and Subtitles

     14   

3.6

  

Notices

     14   

3.7

  

Amendments and Waivers

     14   

3.8

  

Severability

     15   

3.9

  

Aggregation of Stock

     15   

3.10

  

Entire Agreement

     15   

3.11

  

Delays or Omissions

     15   

3.12

  

Equitable Relief

     15   

SCHEDULE A Investors

     18   

 

i


This REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT (“Agreement”) is made as of the      day of         , 2013, by and among QIWI plc (the “Company”) and each of the investors listed on Schedule A hereto, each of which is referred to in this Agreement as an “Investor,” and collectively as the “Investors.”

RECITALS

WHEREAS, the Company intends to publicly file a Registration Statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form F-1 in connection with the initial public offering (the “IPO”) of depositary receipts representing its Class B Shares (as defined below) (the “IPO Registration Statement”);

WHEREAS, the Company has agreed to provide the Investors with the registration rights specified in this Agreement with respect to any Registrable Securities (as defined below) held by the Investors or any other Holder on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements hereinafter contained and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

1. DEFINITIONS

For purposes of this Agreement:

Affiliate” means, with respect to any specified Person, any other Person who or which, directly or indirectly, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such specified Person, including without limitation any general partner, executive officer or director of such Person and any venture capital or other fund now or hereafter existing that is controlled by one or more general partners or managing members of, or shares the same management company with, such Person.

Business Day” means any day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking institutions doing business in New York, New York are authorized or obligated by law or required by executive order to be closed.

Class A Shares” means Class A shares of the Company.

Class B Shares” means Class B shares of the Company.

Exchange Act” means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder.

Excluded Registration” means (i) a registration on Form S-8 relating to the offering of securities to employees of the Company or a subsidiary pursuant to a stock option, stock purchase, or similar plan, or (ii) a registration on Form F-4 relating to a business combination.

Form F-1” means such form under the Securities Act as in effect on the date hereof or any successor registration form under the Securities Act subsequently adopted by the SEC.

Form F-3” means such form under the Securities Act as in effect on the date hereof or any successor registration form under the Securities Act subsequently adopted by the SEC.

Holder” means any Investor who is a holder of Registrable Securities and who is a party to this Agreement and included in Schedule A to this Agreement or any permitted transferee of such Registrable Securities pursuant to Section 3.1.

 

1


Immediate Family Members” means a child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law, including adoptive relationships, of a natural person referred to herein.

Initiating Holders” means, collectively, Holders who initiate a registration request pursuant to Section 2.1 of this Agreement.

Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, trust, limited liability company, association or other entity.

Registrable Securities” means (i) the Class B Shares beneficially owned by an Investor upon the closing of the IPO, or issuable to an Investor upon conversion of any Class A Shares beneficially owned by an Investor upon the closing of the IPO into Class B Shares, and (ii) any shares or other securities issued in respect of such Class B Shares, or issuable to an Investor upon conversion of any shares or other securities issued in respect of such Class A Shares, by reason of or in connection with any stock dividend, stock distribution, stock split, purchase in any rights offering or in connection with any exchange for or replacement of such Class B Shares or such Class A Shares or any combination of shares, recapitalization, merger or consolidation, or any other equity securities issued pursuant to any other pro rata distribution with respect to Class B Shares or such Class A Shares; excluding in all cases, (i) any shares for which registration rights have terminated pursuant to Section 2.11 of this Agreement and (ii) any Class A Shares that have not otherwise converted into Class B Shares, provided, however, that the term Registrable Securities shall include, if applicable, depositary shares, or, as the case may be, depositary receipts evidencing and/or representing such Registrable Securities.

Registrable Securities then outstanding” means at any time, the number of shares determined by adding the number of shares of Class B Shares that are then Registrable Securities and the number of shares of Class B Shares that are issuable as Registrable Securities to an Investor upon conversion of any Class A Shares then outstanding to Class B Shares.

SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

SEC Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act.

SEC Rule 415” means Rule 415 promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act.

SEC Rule 433” means Rule 433 promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act.

Securities Act” means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder.

Selling Expenses” means all underwriting discounts, selling commissions, and stock transfer taxes applicable to the sale of Registrable Securities.

 

2. REGISTRATION RIGHTS

The Company covenants and agrees as follows:

 

2.1 Demand Registration

 

  (a)

Underwritten Demands. At any time beginning one hundred eighty (180) days after the effective date of the registration statement for the IPO, any Holder may request

 

2


  that the Company file a Form F-1 registration statement (unless the Company is then eligible to use Form F-3) or Form F-3 registration statement (if the Company is then eligible to use such form), for an underwritten offering of Registrable Securities having an anticipated aggregate offering price to the public (and without giving effect to any Selling Expenses), taking into account Registrable Securities to be sold by all Holders, including the Initiating Holders, of at least $10.0 million (an “Underwritten Demand”). The Company shall (i) within five (5) days after receipt of an Underwritten Demand, give written notice thereof (such notice by the Company of a request to file a registration statement pursuant to this Section 2.1(a) being a “Company Notice”) to all Holders other than the Initiating Holders; and (ii) as soon as practicable, and in any event (A) within forty-five (45) days after receipt of such request, file a Form F-1 registration statement (if so requested by the Initiating Holders), or (B) within twenty (20) days after receipt of such request, file a Form F-3 registration statement under the Securities Act (if so requested by the Initiating Holders, and in the event such form is available to the Company), covering all Registrable Securities that the Initiating Holders requested to be registered and any additional Registrable Securities requested to be included in such registration by any other Holders, as specified by written notice given by each such Holder to the Company within fifteen (15) business days of the date of receipt of the Company Notice, and in each case, subject to the limitations of Section 2.1(c) and Section 2.3.

 

  (b) Shelf Registration. At any time beginning one year after the effective date of the registration statement for the IPO, upon request by any Holder, the Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to file, as soon as reasonably practicable (but in no event more than thirty (30) days following such request), a registration statement on Form F-3 or such other form under the Securities Act then available to the Company (and to the extent available to the Company, an automatic shelf registration statement on Form F-3), providing for the resale pursuant to Rule 415 of any or all of such Holder’s Registrable Securities; provided that such registration statement shall relate to Registrable Securities having an anticipated aggregate offering price to the public (without giving effect to any Selling Expenses) of at least $10.0 million taking into account Registrable Securities to be sold by other Holders (such registration statement, including the Prospectus, amendments and supplements to the shelf registration statement, including pre- and post-effective amendments, all exhibits thereto and all material incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference, if any, in such shelf registration statement, the “Shelf Registration Statement”).

The Company shall (i) within ten (10) days after receipt of a Shelf Registration Statement demand, give written notice thereof (such notice by the Company of a request to file a registration statement pursuant to this Section 2.1(b) being a “Company Shelf Notice”) to all Holders other than the requesting Holders; and (ii) as soon as practicable, and in any event within thirty (30) days after receipt of such request, file a Form F-3 registration statement under the Securities Act covering all Registrable Securities that the Initiating Holders requested to be registered and any additional Registrable Securities requested to be included in such registration by any other Holders, as specified by written notice given by each such Holder to the Company within fifteen (15) business days of the date of receipt of the Company Shelf Notice. The Holders shall be entitled to request the Company to effect underwritten offerings pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement for offerings having an anticipated aggregate offering price to the public (and without giving effect to any Selling Expenses) of at least $15.0 million (an “Underwritten Takedown”). Except as provided in Section 2.1(d), there shall be no limitation on the number of takedowns off the Shelf Registration Statement.

 

3


  (c) Black Out Periods. Notwithstanding the foregoing obligations, if the Company furnishes to Holders requesting a registration pursuant to this Section 2.1, or to Holders that own Registrable Securities subject to a filed or effective registration statement, a certificate signed by the Company’s chief executive officer stating that in the good faith judgment of the Company’s Board of Directors it would be materially detrimental to the Company and its stockholders for such registration statement to either be filed or to become effective or remain effective for as long as such registration statement otherwise would be required to remain effective, because such action would cause a premature disclosure of information that the Board of Directors has determined would not be in the best interest of the Company at such time (a “Suspension Event”), then the Company shall defer such filing or effectiveness and the Holders shall discontinue disposition of Registrable Securities pursuant to any effective registration statement for a period of not more than thirty (30) days after the Suspension Event, and any time periods with respect to filing or effectiveness thereof shall be tolled correspondingly; provided, however, that the Company may not invoke this right (i) for more than thirty (30) consecutive days, (ii) for more than an aggregate of sixty (60) days, or (iii) for more than two (2) separate times in each case, in any twelve (12) month period; and provided further that the Company shall not register any securities for its own account or that of any other stockholder during such period other than Excluded Registrations. Upon the occurrence of any Suspension Event, with respect to a Shelf Registration Statement, the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such Shelf Registration Statement to become effective or to promptly amend or supplement an effective Shelf Registration Statement so as to permit the holders to resume sales of the Registrable Securities as soon as practicable following the Company’s determination that the disclosure of such information is no longer premature or if such disclosure has been made in an Excluded Registration or otherwise, or following such thirty (30) day period. Upon the occurrence of a Suspension Event, the Holder requesting the filing of a registration statement shall be entitled to withdraw such request and, if such request is withdrawn, such demand shall not count as one of the permitted demands pursuant to Section 2.1(d).

 

  (d) Limitation on Underwritten Demands and Takedowns. Notwithstanding the foregoing obligations, each Holder will be entitled to request no more than a total of one (1) Underwritten Demand on Form F-1 and not more than two (2) Underwritten Demands in the aggregate on Form F-3 or Underwritten Takedowns, or a combination thereof, per year pursuant to Section 2.1(a), and Section 2.1(b). A registration shall not count as one of the permitted Underwritten Demands or Underwritten Takedowns: (i) until the related registration statement has become effective, (ii) if, the Initiating Holders are not able to register and sell at least 50% of the aggregate Registrable Securities requested to be included in such registration, or (iii) if the Company shall not have complied with its obligations under Section 2.5(i) of this Agreement in connection therewith. The Company shall not be obligated to effect any Underwriting Demand or Underwritten Takedown during the period that is ninety (90) days after the closing of the last Underwritten Demand or Underwritten Takedown.

 

2.2 Piggyback Registration

If the Company proposes to register under the Securities Act any shares of its Class B Shares or any equity securities convertible into or exchangeable for its Class B Shares, whether for its own account or the account of any other securityholder of the Company (other than in an Excluded Registration), the Company shall promptly give each Holder written notice of such registration. Upon the request of any Holder given within twenty (20) days after such notice is given by the Company, the Company shall, subject to the provisions of Section 2.3, cause to

 

4


be registered all of the Registrable Securities that each such Holder has requested to be included in such registration. The Company shall have the right to terminate or withdraw any registration initiated by it under this Section 2.2 before the effective date of such registration, whether or not any Holder has elected to include Registrable Securities in such registration. The expenses of such withdrawn registration shall be borne by the Company. A piggyback registration pursuant to this Section 2.2 shall not be considered an Underwritten Demand, an Underwriting Takedown or a Shelf Registration Statement. The Company may postpone or withdraw the filing or effectiveness of a piggyback registration made for its own account or for the account of any securityholder other than a Holder, without prejudice to a Holder’s right to immediately request an Underwritten Demand, an Underwritten Takedown and/or a Shelf Registration.

 

2.3 Withdrawal Rights

Any Holder having notified or directed the Company to include any or all of its Registrable Securities in a registration statement under the Securities Act shall have the right to withdraw any such notice or direction with respect to any or all of the Registrable Securities designated by it for registration by giving written notice to such effect to the Company prior to the effective date of such registration statement. In the event of any such withdrawal, the Company shall not include such Registrable Securities in the applicable registration and such Registrable Securities shall continue to be Registrable Securities for all purposes of this Agreement. In addition, in the event of any such withdrawal by a Holder such Holder will responsible for its expenses and the Company’s expenses resulting from such withdrawal. No such withdrawal shall affect the obligations of the Company with respect to the Registrable Securities not so withdrawn; provided, however, that in the case of a Demand Registration, if such withdrawal shall reduce the number of Registrable Securities sought to be included in such registration below the Registrable Amount, then the Company shall as promptly as practicable give each holder of Registrable Securities sought to be registered notice to such effect and, within ten (10) days following the mailing of such notice, such holder(s) of Registrable Securities still seeking registration shall, by written notice to the Company, elect to register additional Registrable Securities, when taken together with elections to register Registrable Securities by its permitted transferees, to satisfy an Underwritten Demand or elect that such registration statement not be filed or, if theretofore filed, be withdrawn. During such ten (10) day period, the Company shall not file such registration statement if not theretofore filed or, if such registration statement has been theretofore filed, the Company shall not seek, and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to prevent, the effectiveness thereof.

 

2.4 Underwriting Requirements

 

  (a)

In connection with any offering involving an underwriting of Registrable Securities pursuant to Section 2.1, all Holders proposing to distribute their securities through such underwritten offering shall (together with the Company) enter into an underwriting agreement in customary form with the underwriter(s) selected for such underwriting. In the event of any underwritten offering that is an Underwritten Demand or Underwritten Takedown, the Company shall select and appoint the underwriter(s), after consultation with the Holders proposing to distribute their securities through such underwritten offering and with the consent of the Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities to be included in such underwritten offering, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. In any other underwritten offering the Company will have sole discretion to select and appoint the underwriter(s). Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 2.4, if the managing underwriter(s) in any underwritten offering of Registrable Securities pursuant to Section 2.1 advise(s) the Initiating Holders that a limitation on the number of shares to be underwritten is necessary in order to sell the shares in an orderly manner at a price that is acceptable to the Initiating Holders, then the number of Registrable

 

5


  Securities that may be included in the underwriting shall be allocated (i) first, to the Registrable Securities requested to be included in such registration by the Holders, pro rata among the Holders or in such other manner as they may agree; and (ii) second, to any other holder, if any, of the Company’s equity securities with registration rights which is entitled to be included in such registration.

 

  (b) In connection with any offering involving an underwriting of shares of the Company’s capital stock pursuant to Section 2.2, the Company shall not be required to include any of the Holders’ Registrable Securities in such underwriting unless the Holders accept the terms of the underwriting as agreed upon between the Company and its underwriters. If the managing underwriter(s) in connection with such offering advise the Company that a limitation on the number of shares to be underwritten is necessary in order to sell the shares in an orderly manner at a price that is acceptable to the Company, then the number of securities to be included in such offering shall be allocated (i) first, to the securities that the Company proposes to sell; (ii) second, to Registrable Securities requested to be included in such registration by Holders of Registrable Securities pro rata among such Holders or in such other manner as they may agree; and (iii) third, to any other holder, if any, of the Company’s equity securities with registration rights which is entitled to be included in such registration, pro rata among such other holders, if any, or in such other manner as they may agree.

 

  (c) In order to facilitate the allocation of shares in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2.4, the Company or the underwriters may round the number of shares allocated to any Holder to the nearest 100 shares. For purposes of the provision in this Section 2.4 concerning apportionment, for any selling Holder that is a partnership, limited liability company, or corporation, the partners, members, retired partners, retired members, stockholders, and Affiliates of such Holder, or the estates and Immediate Family Members of any such partners, retired partners, members, and retired members and any trusts for the benefit of any of the foregoing Persons, shall be deemed to be a single “selling Holder,” and any pro rata reduction with respect to such “selling Holder” shall be based upon the aggregate number of Registrable Securities owned by all Persons included in such “selling Holder,” as defined in this sentence.

 

2.5 Obligations of the Company

Whenever required under this Section 2 to effect the registration of any Registrable Securities, the Company shall:

 

  (a) prepare and file, in the time periods specified herein, with the SEC a registration statement, with respect to such Registrable Securities and use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective by the SEC as promptly as reasonably practicable following filing and to keep such registration statement effective until the date on which all the Registrable Securities included in such registration statement have been sold pursuant to such registration statement or another Company registration statement, or distributed to the public pursuant to SEC Rule 144;

 

  (b)

as far in advance as practicable before publicly filing such registrations statement or any amendment thereto, furnish to the Holders participating in such registration and the underwriter or underwriters, if any, copies of all such documents proposed to be filed, including documents incorporated by reference in the prospectus and, if requested by any Holder, the exhibits incorporated by reference, and such Holders (and the underwriter(s), if any) shall have the opportunity to review and comment thereon, and the Company will make such changes and additions thereto as

 

6


  reasonably requested by such Holders or their counsel (and the underwriter(s) or their counsel, if any) prior to filing any registration statement, or amendment thereto or any prospectus or any supplement thereto;

 

  (c) prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and supplements to such registration statement and the prospectus used in connection with such registration statement as may be necessary to comply with the Securities Act in order to enable the disposition of all securities covered by such registration statement;

 

  (d) furnish to the selling Holders such numbers of copies of a prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, as required by the Securities Act and such other documents as the Holders may reasonably request in order to facilitate their disposition of their Registrable Securities;

 

  (e) cooperate with the underwriters to qualify the Registrable Securities for offering and sale under the applicable securities laws of such states and provinces as the underwriters may designate, and to maintain such qualifications in effect during the period any registration statement is required to be kept effective pursuant to Section 2.5(a); provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to file any general consent to service of process or to qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified, or to subject itself to taxation in respect of doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise so subject. In each jurisdiction in which the Registrable Securities have been so qualified, the Company will cooperate with the underwriters to file such statements and reports as may be required by the laws of such jurisdiction to continue such qualification in effect during the period any registration statement is required to be kept effective pursuant to Section 2.5(a);

 

  (f) notify such Holders and any underwriter(s), at any time when a prospectus relating thereto is required to be delivered under the Securities Act of the occurrence of any event as a result of which the prospectus included in such registration statement contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits any material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and, at the request of any Holder or any underwriter(s), the Company shall prepare a supplement or amendment to such prospectus so that, as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of such Registrable Securities, such prospectus shall not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading;

 

  (g) in the case of an underwritten offering, (i) enter into such agreements (including underwriting agreements in customary form), (ii) take all such other actions as any Holder or the underwriter(s) reasonably request in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of such Registrable Securities (including, without limitation, causing senior management and other Company personnel to cooperate with such Holders and the underwriter(s) in connection with performing due diligence) and (iii) cause its counsel to issue opinions of counsel in form, substance and scope as are customary in secondary underwritten offerings, addressed and delivered to the underwriter(s);

 

  (h)

if requested by the underwriters, cause to be delivered, immediately prior to the pricing of any underwritten offering letters from the Company’s independent registered public accountants addressed to the underwriters in such underwritten offering, stating that such accountants are independent public accountants within the meaning of the Securities Act and the applicable rules and regulations adopted by the SEC, thereunder, and otherwise in customary form and covering such financial and accounting matters as are customarily covered by letters of the independent registered

 

7


  public accountants delivered in connection with secondary underwritten public offerings; and at the time of closing of any underwritten offering (i) an opinion and/or disclosure letter of counsel to the Company from each relevant jurisdiction, addressed solely to the underwriters in such underwritten offering, in such form, substance and scope as are customarily given in opinions of the Company’s counsel to underwriters in underwritten public offerings; and (ii) bring-down letters from the Company’s independent registered public accountants addressed to the underwriters in such underwritten offering in customary form;

 

  (i) in the case of an underwritten offering, in addition to the cooperation otherwise required by this Agreement, cause (a) members of senior management of the Company (including the chief executive officer and chief financial officer) reasonably to cooperate with the underwriter(s) in connection therewith and make themselves available to participate in “roadshow” and other customary marketing activities in such locations (domestic and foreign) as reasonably recommended by the underwriter(s) (including one-on-one meetings with prospective purchasers of the Registrable Securities) and (b) the Company to prepare preliminary and final prospectuses (preliminary and final prospectus supplements in the case of an offering pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement) for use in connection therewith containing such additional information as reasonably requested by the underwriter(s) (in addition to the minimum amount of information required by law, rule or regulation).

 

  (j) use commercially reasonable efforts to cause all such Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement to be listed on a national securities exchange or trading system and each securities exchange and trading system (if any) on which similar securities issued by the Company are then listed;

 

  (k) provide a transfer agent and registrar for all Registrable Securities registered pursuant to this Agreement and provide a CUSIP number for all such Registrable Securities, in each case not later than the effective date of such registration;

 

  (l) promptly make available for inspection by the selling Holders, any managing underwriter(s) participating in any disposition pursuant to such registration statement, and any attorney or accountant or other agent retained by any such underwriter or selected by the selling Holders, at reasonable times and upon reasonable notice, all financial and other records, pertinent corporate documents, and properties of the Company, and cause the Company’s officers, directors, employees, and independent accountants to supply all information reasonably requested by any such seller, underwriter, attorney, accountant, or agent, in each case, as necessary or advisable to verify the accuracy of the information in such registration statement and to conduct appropriate due diligence in connection therewith;

 

  (m) make generally available a consolidated earnings statement (which need not be audited) for the 12 months beginning after the effective date of a registration statement as soon as reasonably practicable after the end of such period, which earnings statement shall satisfy the requirements of an earnings statement under Section 11(a) of the Securities Act; and

 

  (n)

promptly notify the Holders and the underwriter or underwriters, if any: (i) when the registration statement, any pre-effective amendment, the prospectus or any prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the registration statement has been filed and, with respect to the registration statement or any post-effective amendment, when the same has become effective; (ii) of any written request by the SEC for amendments or supplements to the registration statement or prospectus; (iii) of the

 

8


  notification to the Company by the SEC of its initiation of any proceeding with respect to the issuance by the SEC of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the registration statement; and (iv) of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of any Registrable Securities for sale under the applicable securities or blue sky laws of any jurisdiction.

 

2.6 Furnish Information

It shall be a condition precedent to the obligations of the Company to take any action pursuant to this Section 2 with respect to the Registrable Securities of any selling Holder that (i) such Holder shall furnish to the Company such information regarding itself, the Registrable Securities held by it, and the intended method of disposition of such securities as is reasonably required to effect the registration of such Holder’s Registrable Securities and (ii) in the case of any underwritten offering, such Holder shall enter into any reasonable and customary agreements requested by the underwriters thereof, including with respect to indemnification and “holdback” arrangements.

 

2.7 Expenses of Registration

All expenses incurred in connection with registrations, filings, or qualifications pursuant to Section 2, including all registration, filing, and qualification fees; printers’ and accounting fees; and fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company, as well as the fees and expenses of one counsel selected by a majority of the selling Holders to represent all of the selling Holders, shall be borne by the Company. All expenses of the selling Holders, including their portion of the Selling Expenses and the fees and disbursements of counsel for the selling Holder(s), (other than the counsel selected to represent all of the selling Holders) shall be borne and paid for by the selling Holder(s).

 

2.8 Indemnification

If any Registrable Securities are included in a registration statement under this Section 2:

 

  (a)

Indemnification by Company. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless, to the full extent permitted by law, each Holder, such Holder’s Affiliates and their respective officers, directors, employees, advisors, and agents and each Person who controls (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act) such Persons from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities (or actions in respect thereof, whether or not such indemnified party is a party thereto) and expenses, joint or several (including reasonable costs of investigation and legal expenses) (each, a “Loss” and collectively “Losses”) arising out of or based upon (i) any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Registration Statement under which the sale of such Registrable Securities was registered under the Securities Act (including any final or preliminary Prospectus contained therein or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto or any documents incorporated by reference therein), or any such statement made in any free writing prospectus (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) that the Company has filed or is required to file pursuant to Rule 433(d) of the Securities Act, (ii) any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the Company shall not be liable to any particular indemnified party in any such case to the extent that any such Loss arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in any such Registration Statement (i) in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by such indemnified party expressly for use in

 

9


  the preparation thereof or (ii) which has been corrected in a subsequent applicable filing with the SEC but such indemnified party nonetheless failed to provide such corrected filing to the Person asserting such Loss, in breach of the indemnified party’s obligations under applicable law. This indemnity shall be in addition to any liability the Company may otherwise have. Such indemnity shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of such Holder or any indemnified party and shall survive the transfer of such securities by such Holder.

 

  (b) Indemnification by the Selling Holder. Each selling Holder agrees (severally and not jointly) to indemnify and hold harmless, to the full extent permitted by law, the Company, its directors, officers, employees, advisors, and agents and each Person who controls the Company (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act) from and against any Losses arising out of or based upon (i) any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Registration Statement under which the sale of such Registrable Securities was registered under the Securities Act (including any final or preliminary Prospectus contained therein or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto or any documents incorporated by reference therein), or any such statement made in any free writing prospectus that the Company has filed or is required to file pursuant to Rule 433(d) of the Securities Act, or (ii) any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading to the extent, but, in each case (i) or (ii), only to the extent, that such untrue statement or omission is contained in any information furnished in writing by such selling Holder to the Company specifically for inclusion in such Registration Statement, Prospectus, preliminary Prospectus or free writing prospectus and has not been corrected in a subsequent applicable filing with the SEC provided to the Person asserting such Loss prior to or concurrently with the sale of the Registrable Securities to such Person. The obligation to indemnify hereunder shall be several, not joint and several, for each Holder, and in no event shall the liability of any selling Holder hereunder be greater in amount than the dollar amount of the net proceeds received by such Holder under the sale of the Registrable Securities giving rise to such indemnification obligation. This indemnity shall be in addition to any liability the selling Holder may otherwise have. Such indemnity shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Company or any indemnified party.

 

  (c)

Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings. Any Person entitled to indemnification hereunder will (i) give prompt written notice to the indemnifying party of any claim with respect to which it seeks indemnification (provided that any delay or failure to so notify the indemnifying party shall relieve the indemnifying party of its obligations hereunder to the extent that it is materially prejudiced by reason of such delay or failure) and (ii) permit such indemnifying party to assume the defense of such claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party; provided, however, that any Person entitled to indemnification hereunder shall have the right to select and employ separate counsel and to participate in the defense of such claim, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Person unless (i) the indemnifying party has agreed in writing to pay such fees or expenses, (ii) the indemnifying party shall have failed to assume the defense of such claim within a reasonable time after receipt of notice of such claim from the Person entitled to indemnification hereunder and employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Person, (iii) the indemnified party has reasonably concluded (based on advice of counsel) that there may be legal defenses available to it or other indemnified parties that are different from or in addition to those available to the indemnifying party, or (iv) in the reasonable judgment of any such Person, based upon advice of its counsel, a conflict of interest may exist between such Person and the indemnifying party with

 

10


  respect to such claims (in which case, if the Person notifies the indemnifying party in writing that such Person elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the indemnifying party, the indemnifying party shall not have the right to assume the defense of such claim on behalf of such Person). If such defense is not assumed by the indemnifying party, the indemnifying party will not be subject to any liability for any settlement made without its consent, but such consent may not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. If the indemnifying party assumes the defense, the indemnifying party shall not have the right to settle such action without the consent of the indemnified party, which consent may not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. No indemnifying party or indemnified party shall consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement which does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such indemnified party or indemnifying party (as appropriate) of an unconditional release from all liability in respect to such claim or litigation. It is understood that the indemnifying party or parties shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of more than one separate firm admitted to practice in such jurisdiction at any one time from all such indemnified party or parties unless (x) the employment of more than one counsel has been authorized in writing by the indemnified party or parties, (y) an indemnified party has reasonably concluded (based on advice of counsel) that there may be legal defenses available to it that are different from or in addition to those available to the other indemnified parties or (z) a conflict or potential conflict exists or may exist (based on advice of counsel to an indemnified party) between such indemnified party and the other indemnified parties, in each of which cases the indemnifying party shall be obligated to pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such additional counsel or counsels.

 

  (d) Contribution. If for any reason the indemnification provided for in Section 2.8(a) or Section 2.8(b) is unavailable to an indemnified party or insufficient to hold it harmless as contemplated by Section 2.8(a) or Section 2.8(b), then the indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by the indemnified party as a result of such Loss in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying party on the one hand and the indemnified party on the other hand. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the indemnifying party or the indemnified party and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such untrue statement or omission. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 2.8(d) to the contrary, no indemnifying party (other than the Company) shall be required pursuant to this Section 2.8(d) to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the net proceeds received by such indemnifying party from the sale of Registrable Securities in the offering to which the Losses of the indemnified parties relate (before deducting expenses, if any) exceeds the amount of any damages which such indemnifying party has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue statement or omission. The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 2.8(d) were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in this Section 2.8(d). No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any Person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party hereunder shall be deemed to include, for purposes of this Section 2.8(d), any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating, preparing to defend or defending against or appearing as a third party witness in respect of, or otherwise incurred in connection with, any such loss, claim, damage, expense, liability, action, investigation or proceeding.

 

11


2.9 Reports Under Exchange Act

With a view to making available to the Holders the benefits of SEC Rule 144 and any other rule or regulation of the SEC that may at any time permit a Holder to sell securities of the Company to the public without registration or pursuant to a registration on Form F-3, the Company shall:

 

  (a) make and keep available adequate current public information, as those terms are understood and defined in SEC Rule 144;

 

  (b) timely file with the SEC all reports and other documents required of the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act (at any time after the Company has become subject to such reporting requirements); and

 

  (c) furnish to any Holder, so long as the Holder owns any Registrable Securities, forthwith upon request (i) to the extent accurate, a written statement by the Company that it has complied with the reporting requirements of SEC Rule 144 (at any time after ninety (90) days after the effective date of the registration statement filed by the Company for the IPO), the Securities Act, and the Exchange Act (at any time after the Company has become subject to such reporting requirements), or that it qualifies as a registrant whose securities may be resold pursuant to Form F-3 (at any time after the Company so qualifies); (ii) a copy of the most recent annual or quarterly report of the Company and such other reports and documents so filed by the Company; and (iii) such other information as may be reasonably requested in availing any Holder of any rule or regulation of the SEC that permits the selling of any such securities without registration (at any time after the Company has become subject to the reporting requirements under the Exchange Act) or pursuant to Form F-3 (at any time after the Company so qualifies to use such form).

 

2.10 Termination of Registration Rights

The right of any Holder to request registration or inclusion of Registrable Securities in any registration pursuant to Section 2.1 or Section 2.2 shall terminate upon the earlier to occur of:

 

  (a) all of such Holder’s Registrable Securities are registered and sold pursuant to an effective registration statement filed with the SEC; or

 

  (b) all of such Holder’s Registrable Securities are sold pursuant to SEC Rule 144 and the restrictive legend (or stop transfer restrictions) on such Registrable Securities has been removed.

 

2.11 Other Registrations

The Company shall not grant to any Person the right, other than as set forth herein and except to employees of the Company with respect to registrations on Form S-8 (or any successor forms thereto), to request the Company to register any Class B Shares of the Company except such rights as do not adversely affect the priorities or other rights set forth herein of the Holders under this Agreement.

The Company shall not grant to any Person the right to register any Class A Shares of the Company.

 

12


2.12 Holdback Agreements

The Company agrees not to, and shall exercise commercially reasonable efforts to obtain agreements (in the underwriters’ customary form) from its directors, executive officers not to, directly or indirectly offer, sell, pledge, contract to sell, (including any short sale), grant any option to purchase or otherwise dispose of any equity securities of the Company or enter into any hedging transaction relating to any equity securities of the Company during the 180 days, or any longer period reasonably requested by the underwriter(s), beginning on the pricing date of any Underwritten Demand, any underwritten piggyback registration pursuant to Section 2.2 or any underwritten offering pursuant to a Shelf Registration Statement, unless the underwriter managing the offering otherwise agrees to a shorter period.

 

2.13 Ceasing to be a Foreign Private Issuer

If the Company ceases to be a foreign private issuer (as defined in Rule 405 promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act) able to use a registration statement on Form F-1, F-3 or F-4, as the case may be, and continuous to be a SEC registrant, then all references in this Agreement to any such form shall be deemed to be references to Form S-1, S-3 or S-4, as appropriate.

 

3. MISCELLANEOUS

 

3.1 Successors and Assigns

The rights under this Agreement may be assigned (but only with all related obligations) in whole or in part by a Holder to a transferee of Registrable Securities that agrees in a written instrument delivered to the Company to be bound by and subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement. The terms and conditions of this Agreement inure to the benefit of and are binding upon the respective successors and permitted assignees of the parties. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective successors and permitted assignees any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided herein. If the outstanding Class B Shares or outstanding Class A Shares convertible into Class B Shares are converted into or exchanged or substituted for other securities issued by any other Person, as a condition to the effectiveness of the merger, consolidation, reorganization, reclassification, share exchange or other transaction pursuant to which such conversion, exchange, substitution or other transaction takes place, such other Person shall automatically become bound hereby with respect to such other securities constituting Registrable Securities and, if requested by the Holders or a permitted transferee, shall further evidence such obligation by executing and delivering to the Holders and such transferee of any Holder a written agreement to such effect in form and substance satisfactory to such Holder.

 

3.2 Governing Law and Arbitration

This Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

Any dispute, controversy or claim arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, including any question regarding its existence, validity, or termination, shall be referred to and finally resolved by binding arbitration under the Rules of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce (the “ICC Rules”), which Rules are deemed to be incorporated by reference into this clause. There shall be three arbitrators, and the parties agree that one arbitrator shall be nominated by each party for confirmation by the ICC Court in accordance with the ICC Rules. The third arbitrator, who shall act as the chairman of the tribunal, shall be nominated by agreement of the two party-appointed arbitrators within fourteen days of the

 

13


confirmation of the appointment of the second arbitrator, or in default of such agreement, appointed by the ICC Court. The seat or place of arbitration shall be New York, USA. The language to be used in the arbitral proceedings shall be English. The award shall be final and binding on the parties and may be entered and enforced in any court having jurisdiction.

 

3.3 Effectiveness; IPO; Term

This Agreement will come into full force and effect upon (and only upon) the closing of the IPO; provided such closing occurs no later than ninety (90) days after the execution of this Agreement. If the closing of the IPO does not occur on or before the nineteenth (90th) day after the execution of this Agreement, this Agreement shall be null and void and of no force or effect. The Company intends to publicly file the IPO Registration Statement with respect to its proposed initial public offering of Class B Shares. In no event shall the IPO be considered an Underwritten Demand, an Underwritten Takedown or a Shelf Registration Statement.

This Agreement shall terminate upon such time as there are no Registrable Securities, except for the provisions of Section 2.9 and this Section 3 which shall survive any such termination.

 

3.4 Counterparts; Facsimile

This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. This Agreement may also be executed and delivered by facsimile signature and in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

3.5 Titles and Subtitles

The titles and subtitles used in this Agreement are for convenience only and are not to be considered in construing or interpreting this Agreement.

 

3.6 Notices

Any demand, notice or other communication (collectively, a “notice”) given in connection with this Agreement will be given in writing and will be given by personal delivery, by registered mail or by facsimile addressed to the recipient as follows:

 

  (a) To an Investor:

Addressed to it at its address for service as set forth in Schedule A

 

  (b) To the Company:

QIWI plc

12-14 Kennedy Ave.

Kennedy Business Centre, 2nd Floor, Office 203

1087 Nicosia Cyprus

Attention: General Counsel

Facsimile: +357 22 760988

 

3.7 Amendments and Waivers

No modification of or amendment to this Agreement will be valid or binding unless it is set forth in writing and duly executed by the Company and the Holders of 75% of the Registrable Securities then outstanding, and no waiver of any breach of any term or provisions of this Agreement will be effective or binding unless made in writing and signed by the party purporting to give the same and, unless otherwise provided, will be limited to the specific

 

14


breach waived; provided, however, that any amendment, modification, supplement, waiver or consent to departures from the provisions of this Agreement that provides for different treatment with respect to any individual Holder or one or more of Holders, but less than all the Holders, shall require the written consent of the Company and all affected Holders.

 

3.8 Severability

If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction or other authority to be invalid, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions contemplated hereby is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon such a determination, the parties shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to affect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in an acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible.

 

3.9 Aggregation of Stock

All shares of Registrable Securities held or acquired by Affiliates shall be aggregated together for the purpose of determining the availability of any rights under this Agreement.

 

3.10 Entire Agreement

This Agreement (including any Schedules hereto) constitutes the full and entire understanding and agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, and any other written or oral agreement relating to the subject matter hereof existing between the parties is expressly canceled.

 

3.11 Delays or Omissions

No delay or omission to exercise any right, power, or remedy accruing to any party under this Agreement, upon any breach or default of any other party under this Agreement, shall impair any such right, power, or remedy of such non-breaching or non-defaulting party, nor shall it be construed to be a waiver of or acquiescence to any such breach or default, or to any similar breach or default thereafter occurring, nor shall any waiver of any single breach or default be deemed a waiver of any other breach or default theretofore or thereafter occurring. All remedies, whether under this Agreement or by law or otherwise afforded to any party, shall be cumulative and not alternative.

 

3.12 Equitable Relief

The parties hereto agree that legal remedies may be inadequate to enforce the provisions of this Agreement and that equitable relief, including specific performance and injunctive relief, may be used to enforce the provisions of this Agreement.

[Remainder of This Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

15


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first written above.

 

  Antana International Corporation
  By:  

 

  Name:  

 

  Saldivar Investments Limited
  By:  

 

  Name:  

 

  Palmway Holdings Limited
  By:  

 

  Name:  

 

  Dargle International Limited
  By:  

 

  Name:  

 

  Bralvo Limited
  By:  

 

  Name:  

 

  Mr. Sergey Solonin
 

 

  Mr. Andrey Romanenko
 

 

  Mr. Igor Mikhailov
 

 

  Mail.ru Group Limited
  By:  

 

  Name:  

 

  E1 Limited
  By:  

 

  Name:  

 

 

16


  Mitsui & Co., Ltd
  By:  

 

  Name:  

 

 

17


SCHEDULE A

Investors

 

Antana International Corporation
Address:    Geneva Place, Waterfront Drive, P.O. Box 3469, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands
Fax:   
Saldivar Investments Limited
Address:    Themistocli Dervi 6, 1066, Nicosia, Cyprus
Fax:   
Palmway Holdings Limited
Address:    P.O. Box 3175, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands
Fax:   
Dargle International Limited
Address:    P.O. Box 3321, Drake Chambers, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands
Fax:   
Bralvo Limited
Address:    P.O. Box 3321, Drake Chambers, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands
Fax:   
Mr. Sergey Solonin
Address:    Apt. 228, Microdistrict “AB”, 24,
   Puschino, Moscow district, Russia
Fax:   
Mr. Andrey Romanenko
  
Address:    Apt. 58, Bldg. 2 , 6 Kuusinena Str.,
   Moscow, Russia
Fax:   
Mr. Igor Mikhailov
Address:    Apt. 142, 6 Kargopolskaya Str.,
   Moscow, Russia
Fax:   
Mail.ru Group Limited
Address:    Tulloch & Co, 4 Hill St., London, W1J 5NE, UK
Fax:    +44 20 7318 1150
E1 Limited
Address:    Diagorou 4, Kermia House, 6th Floor, Office 601 P.C. 1097, Nicosia, Cyprus
Fax:    +7 495 231 35 46
Mitsui & Co., Ltd
Address:    2-1 Ohtemachi 1-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 100-0004 Japan
Fax:    +81 3 3285 92 59

 

18

EX-8.1 5 d426593dex81.htm EX-8.1 EX-8.1

Exhibit 8.1

ANTIS TRIANTAFYLLIDES & SONS LLC

ADVOCATES

CAPITAL CENTER

9TH FLOOR

2-4 Arch. Makarios III Avenue

P.O.Box 21255

1505 NICOSIA, CYPRUS

TELEPHONE: 357 22 360000

TELEFAX: 357 22 670670

WEB SITE: www.triantafyllides.com

GENERAL EMAIL: trianta@triantafyllides.com

OUR REF: OA27136

[…] 2013

Messrs.

[                    ]

Ladies and Gentlemen,

We are acting as Cyprus counsel to Qiwi PLC (the “Company”) in connection with an initial public offering of American Depositary Shares (“ADS”) of the Company.

We have been requested to render this tax opinion (the “Opinion”) on certain matters of Cyprus tax law and, more specifically, to confirm that the statements in the Prospectus dated […] (the “Prospectus”) under the heading “Certain Cypriot Tax Considerations” to the extent that they are statements concerning Cyprus tax law as it may be applicable in relation to the tax consequences stated therein are correct in all material respects (the “Opinion Scope”).

 

1. Opinion:

Subject to the qualifications and considerations set out below and having regard to such other legal considerations as we deem relevant and subject to matters not disclosed to us and to matters of fact which would affect the conclusions set out below, our opinion on Cyprus law is set out below:

The statements in the Prospectus under the heading “Certain Cypriot Tax Considerations” to the extent that they are statements as to Cypriot law (and not statements of fact), are correct in all material respects.

 

2. Qualifications:

This Opinion is subject to the following qualifications and considerations:

 

  (a) This Opinion is confined solely to the laws of Cyprus in force at the date of this Opinion and only relates to certain material Cyprus tax consequences as stated in the Prospectus. We have made no investigation and no opinion is expressed or implied as to the laws of any other jurisdiction.

 

Antis Triantafyllides & Sons LLC is a limited liability company registered in the Republic of Cyprus with registration number HE 222537

Registered Office: CAPITAL CENTER, 9TH FLOOR, 2-4 Arch. Makarios III Avenue 1065 NICOSIA, CYPRUS


ANTIS TRIANTAFYLLIDES & SONS      Page  2   

 

  (b) This Opinion is solely based on the information as set out in the Prospectus. We have not reviewed any other documents in relation to the Opinion.

 

  (c) This Opinion is only based on the statements in the Prospectus under the heading “Certain Cypriot Tax Considerations”.

 

  (d) This Opinion is confined only to the Opinion Scope. No opinion should, therefore, be inferred as to other matters, including any other Cyprus tax issue with respect to those issues or any other matter incidental thereto.

 

  (e) We have assumed that all factual representations in the Prospectus are accurate and complete. We express no view or opinion on any statements of fact made in the Prospectus.

We express no opinion on any laws other than the laws of Cyprus.

This opinion is for the benefit of the addressees and may not be relied upon or communicated to a third party, without our express consent.

Yours truly,

Antis Triantafyllides & Sons LLC

EX-10.1 6 d426593dex101.htm EX-10.1 EX-10.1

Exhibit 10.1

Amended and Restated

Employee Stock Option Plan

of QIWI LIMITED


QIWI Limited

Employee Stock Option Plan (hereinafter referred to as “the ESOP”)

31 January, 2013

Nicosia, Cyprus

 

1. Certain Definitions. The capitalized terms set forth below shall have the meaning prescribed hereunder for purposes of the Plan.

 

The Company    QIWI Limited, a company established under the Law of Cyprus with the registered address Kennedy 12, Kennedy Business Centre, P.C. 1087, Nicosia, Cyprus, registration number 193010
Affiliate    Affiliate shall mean any Person that, with respect to a specified Person, directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, the specified Person.
Beneficial Owner    A Beneficial Owner of a security includes any person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship, or otherwise has or shares: (1) voting power which includes the power to vote, or to direct the voting of, such security; and/or (2) investment power which includes the power to dispose, or to direct the disposition of, such security.
Control   

in relation to a corporation, partnership or other entity:

 

(i)     the ability to appoint or remove directors having a majority of the voting rights exercisable at meetings or in respect of resolutions of the board of such corporation, partnership or other entity; or

 

(ii)    the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the policies of such corporation, partnership other entity, whether through the ownership or possession (other than through customary pledge arrangements) of voting securities, the right to nominate the majority of the senior executive management, by contract or otherwise

 

and   the expression “Controlled” shall be interpreted accordingly.

Shares    Shares means ordinary shares of the Company (or other respective class of shares (expected to be Class B shares) that confers upon its holder the right to one (1) vote at a general meeting of the Company and in other respects ranking pari passu with other shares in the Company).
IPO    The consummation of an underwritten initial public offering pursuant to a registration statement declared effective under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, covering the offer and sale of equity interests of the Company to the public generally
Exercise Notice   

The notice duly executed by the option holder or the Beneficial Owner that stipulates the desire of the option holder or the Beneficial Owner to exercise certain number of options and that contains the following information:

 

•   Date;

 

•   Number of options to be exercised;

 

•   Indication whether the options are intended to be exercised in cash or by way of a Cashless Exercise.


Change of Control    A transaction or series of related transactions as a result of which the shareholders of the Company existing as of the date of this ESOP, 2012 cease to Beneficially Own more than 50% of or the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities; or
Expiration Date   

(i)       if an IPO or Change of Control occurs on or prior to 31 December 2015, the date of 31 December 2017;

 

or if an IPO or Change of Control does not occur on or prior to 31 December 2015, the earlier of (1) the date of 31 December 2022 or (2) the date which is 720 days following the date of the IPO or the Change of Control, whichever happens earlier;

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board or Committee may select a different Expiration Date for Options issued hereunder, not more than ten (10) years from the date of grant of such Options.

 

2. Objectives

The Company has approved the ESOP in respect of its Shares to achieve the following goals:

Align interests of the shareholders and the management of the Company by providing to the key employees and service providers of the Company and its Affiliates an opportunity to participate in a long-term growth of the Company’s value.

Motivate management towards efficient performance focused on the preparation of the Company for an IPO.

Increase investment attractiveness of the Company.

Provide competitive remuneration and retain key employees of the Company and its Affiliates.

Alignment with practice of public companies.

 

3. Major terms and conditions of the ESOP

Eligibility. The Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”), or a committee thereof (the “Committee”) if expressly so permitted by the Board, shall select recipients of Options hereunder (“Participants”) from among those key employees and service providers of the Company or its Affiliates who, in the opinion of the Board or the Committee, as applicable, are in a position to make a significant contribution to the success of the Company and its Affiliates.

Administration. Either the Board or the Committee, acting as administrator, shall have the authority to adopt, amend and repeal such administrative rules, guidelines and practices relating to the Plan as it deems advisable. The Board or Committee may construe and interpret the terms of the Plan and any Options granted under the Plan. The Board or Committee may correct any defect, supply any omission or reconcile any inconsistency in the Plan or any Option in the manner and to the extent it shall deem expedient to carry the Plan into effect. Either the Board or the Committee, may approve the amendment of any Option in accordance with the terms of this Plan. All decisions by the Board or Committee shall be made in its sole discretion, and shall be final and binding on all persons having or claiming any interest in the Plan or in any Option provided that the decision of the Board shall not contradict Clause 14 of the ESOP.


Options. Participants shall receive a right (an “Option”) entitling the Participant to acquire Shares upon satisfaction of the vesting conditions set forth in the applicable award agreement and payment of the applicable price per Share (“Exercise Price”).

Available Shares. A maximum of 3,640,000 (three million and six hundred and forty thousand) Shares being 7% of the issued share capital of the Company are reserved for issuance under Options granted under the Plan of which 307 800 (0,6 %) Shares are reserved for issuance after IPO occurs. If any Option granted under this Plan expires, terminates or is canceled for any reason without having been exercised in full, the number of Shares underlying such expired, terminated or cancelled Option shall again be available for the purpose of awards under the Plan.

Exercise Price. The Board or Committee shall determine the Exercise Price applicable to the Options granted under the Plan. Following the consummation of an IPO, the Exercise Price shall not be less than the average closing price per-Share of the Shares on the principal exchange on which such Shares are then traded for the ten business days immediately preceding the grant date. The Exercise Price of the Options granted prior to the IPO shall equal US$13.6452 per Share.

Terms and Conditions. The Board or Committee shall determine the terms of all Options, subject to the limitations provided herein, and shall furnish to each Participant an agreement (the “Award Agreement”) setting forth the terms applicable to the Participant’s Option. By accepting an Award Agreement, the Participant agrees to the terms of the Option and of the Plan. In the event of a conflict between the terms and conditions of the Plan and the terms and conditions of the Award Agreement, the terms and conditions of the Plan shall prevail. Such terms and conditions may include, without limitation, an obligation of the Participant to agree to a lock-up arrangements with respect to Shares acquired pursuant to the Option. Terms and conditions of Options may differ amongst different Participants and different grants of Options.

Tax Preparation. The Company shall provide Participants with assistance regarding the preparation of the appropriate tax return in respect of Options granted under the Plan within two (2) years after the first grant provided that such assistance shall not exceed EUR 100,000 per year.

Vesting. Vesting of Options shall be governed by the Award Agreement with each Participant unless otherwise determined by the Board or Committee, provided that in respect of the Options granted prior IPO no Options shall vest in respect of more than 0.69% of Shares on 31 October 2012; no Options shall vest in respect of more than 2.23% of Shares on 01 January 2014; no Options shall vest in respect of more than 3.66% of Shares on 01 January 2015; and no Options shall vest in respect of more than 4.44% of Shares on 01 January 2016. Options which have not become vested as of the date of termination of the Participant’s employment or service shall be forfeited upon such termination. Option holders shall have ninety (90) days following termination of employment or service to exercise vested Options.

Change in Control. Each outstanding Option shall become fully vested immediately upon the occurrence of a Change in Control.

Expiration Date. Each then outstanding Option shall terminate upon the Expiration Date with respect such Option or upon such other date as may be provided in the applicable Award Agreement, which shall in no event be more than ten (10) years following the date of grant of such Option.

 

4. Adjustment

In the event of any stock split or combination of shares (including a reverse stock split), reorganization, recapitalization, large, special and non-recurring dividend, split-up, spin-off, merger, exchange of stock, redemption, repurchase, consolidation, other change in the capital structure of the Company, sale of assets or other similar event which requires adjustment in the good faith determination of the Board or Committee in order to avoid the enlargement or dilution of rights hereunder, the Board or Committee shall make adjustments to the maximum number


Shares that may be delivered under the Plan, and the Exercise Price of any Options and also make such changes in the number and kind of shares of stock, securities or other property (including cash) covered by outstanding Options, and the terms thereof, as the Board or Committee determines to be appropriate provided that the decision of the Board shall not contradict Clause 14. References in the Plan to Shares shall be construed to include any stock or securities resulting from an adjustment pursuant to this Section.

 

5. Non-Transferability; Lock-up

Any Shares held by Participants that were acquired by way of the exercise of the Options granted under this ESOP may not be sold, pledged, assigned, hypothecated, transferred, or disposed of in any manner, nor shall any Participant enter into any derivative agreement or other similar hedging arrangement relating to any Options or any Shares held by Participants that were acquired by way of the exercise of the Options granted under this ESOP unless the Net Income Target described in Section 5.2 has been attained.

The Net Income Target will be attained when the Board or Committee determines that the Company has achieved $170 million in net income (measured in accordance with management reporting practices adopted by the Company) during the 12 month period immediately preceding the applicable measurement date. The Board will determine at the end of each fiscal quarter following the adoption of this Plan whether such Net Income Target has been attained.

The transfer restriction applicable to Shares based on attainment of the Net Income Target will cease to apply upon the occurrence of termination of the Participant’s employment or service with the Company and its Affiliates.

In addition to the lock-up provisions as set out in Clause 5.1. it shall be a condition to the grant of each Option hereunder that the Participant unconditionally agree to comply with such lock-up arrangements that may be required by underwriters or the Company in connection with the IPO, which restrictions may continue to apply following the termination of the Participant’s employment or service.

 

6. Exercise, allotment and cashless exercise

Any Exercise Notice shall be provided by the Participant or the Beneficial Owner by mail, fax or e-mail to the chief legal counsel of the Company or to any other officer of the Company as may be decided by the Board, accompanied by payment of the applicable Exercise Price and any required tax payments, in each case in such currency as the Board may require.

The Company shall allot to the Participant the Shares subject to the Exercise Notice within 10 (ten) business days following the date of submission of the Exercise Notice and payment of the Exercise Price to the Company.

The Company may also permit Participants to exercise Options hereunder pursuant to a cashless exercise program, either using a broker-assisted cashless exercise program or permitting the Participant to effect a net exercise with the Company. In the event that a Participant desires to exercise Options using a net-exercise or similar permitted method of exercise at a time when the Shares are not publicly-traded on a recognized securities exchange, the Board or Committee shall determine in good faith the value of the Shares for purposes of such exercise, and may use a third-party valuation and/or such other method of determining value as it deems appropriate provided that the Participant may only receive the Shares as a result of the Exercise.

The Company shall within 90 days of the allotment of any shares provide to the Participant an extract from the Company’s Register of Members, showing the Participant’s shareholding (as increased, if applicable).


7. No assignment

No Option granted under this ESOP may be sold, pledged, assigned, hypothecated, transferred, or disposed of in any manner (other than pursuant to the laws of descent and distribution), nor may a Participant enter into any derivative agreement or other similar hedging arrangement relating to any Option without prior written consent of the Company provided that the Exercise of the Options shall not be considered to be any type of disposal.

 

8. Governing law

This Plan shall be governed by, and be construed in accordance with, the Laws of England and Wales.

 

9. Confidentiality

Participants shall be required, as a condition to the receipt and retention of any Option hereunder, to keep strictly confidential the terms of such Participant’s participation in this ESOP and shall agree not to discuss the terms of such participation with any other employee or consultant of the Company or any other third party; provided that nothing herein shall prevent the disclosure of these terms to the Participant’s legal or tax advisors or as may be required to be disclosed in any prospectus prepared in connection with any IPO or as required by law.

 

10. Share capital

Nothing herein shall restrict the ability of the Company to increase its issued share capital (with the consequent dilution of the Participant’s percentage shareholding in the Company or the Participant’s potential shareholding in the Company as the case may be) or issue preference shares or other shares ranking in priority to the Shares that may be purchased pursuant to each Option).

 

11. Rights and obligations associated with the Shares

Any Shares acquired pursuant to the Options shall be subject to any and all the rights associated with the shares of the Company in accordance with the provisions set out in the Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company or otherwise contained in any shareholders’ agreements relating to the Company existing from time to time.

 

12. Death or incapacity of the option holder

If a Participant (or, in the case of a Participant that is an entity providing services to the Company, its Beneficial Owner) dies or is determined to be incapacitated by court while employed by or providing services to the Company or any Affiliate, the Options may (subject to any vesting and termination provisions as set out in this ESOP) be exercised at any time within twelve (12) months following the date of death or incapacitation by the applicable individual’s personal representatives or by a person who acquired the right to exercise the Option by bequest or inheritance. If the Options are not so exercised within the time specified herein, the Options shall terminate.

 

13. Shareholder notices

Prior to the exercise of any Option, the Company shall not be obliged pursuant to the provisions of this Plan to provide the Participant with copies of any notices, circulars or other documents sent to shareholders of the Company.

 

14. Amendment; Term

The Board, in its sole and absolute discretion, may at any time or times amend or alter the Plan or any outstanding Option and may at any time terminate or discontinue the Plan as to any future


grants of Options; provided, that the Board may not, without the Participant’s consent, amend, alter or terminate the terms of an Option or the Plan so as to affect adversely the Participants’ or a Participant’s existing rights under an Option or the Plan. Any amendments to the Plan shall be conditioned upon stockholder approval only to the extent, if any, such approval is required by applicable law, as determined by the Board. The Plan shall become effective as of 31 October, 2012 and shall expire on the tenth anniversary thereof (unless terminated earlier by the Board); provided that outstanding Options granted prior to such expiration (if any) shall remain outstanding in accordance with their terms following such expiration.

 

15. Legal Requirements

The Company may require, as a condition to the delivery of Shares pursuant to the Plan or removing any restriction from Shares previously delivered under the Plan, that all legal matters in connection with the issuance and delivery of such Shares have been addressed and resolved. The Company may require, as a condition to exercise of the Option, such representations or agreements as counsel for the Company may recommend. The Company may require that certificates evidencing Shares issued under the Plan bear an appropriate legend reflecting any restriction on transfer applicable to such Shares, and the Company may hold the certificates pending lapse of the applicable restrictions.

EX-14.1 7 d426593dex141.htm EX-14.1 EX-14.1

Exhibit 14.1

QIWI plc

Code of Ethics and Business Conduct


This Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (this “Code”) sets forth the minimum legal and ethical standards of conduct for directors, officers and employees of QIWI plc, and, its direct and indirect subsidiaries (“Qiwi”). This Code is intended to deter wrongdoing and to promote the conduct of all Qiwi business in accordance with high standards of honesty and integrity and in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations. This Code applies to Qiwi and all of its subsidiaries and other business entities controlled by it wherever they may be located.

If you have any questions regarding this Code or its application to you in any situation, you should contact your supervisor or Qiwi’s Compliance Officer, email: compliance@qiwi.ru1.

Core Value

The employees, officers and directors are encouraged when assessing the ethics of their decisions to base their decisions solely on the consequences of their decisions as opposed to the circumstances or the intrinsic nature of the decisions or anything that has happened prior to the decisions having been taken.

Core Standards

Because the success of Qiwi depends upon the actions of many persons, it is important that each employee understands the following standards of conduct for which he or she will be held accountable:

 

   

To protect Qiwi’s assets, and those assets of others entrusted to Qiwi, including physical properties and proprietary, sensitive or confidential information against loss, theft and misuse and to account properly therefore.

 

   

To handle all information accurately, honestly and properly.

 

   

To refrain from giving, accepting or requesting improper gifts or favors.

 

   

To perform assigned tasks in a responsible, reliable and cooperative manner with a commitment to high levels of productivity and quality, and to refrain from knowingly making false or improper entries on any documents.

 

   

To respect the privacy and dignity of individual employees of Qiwi and its subsidiaries.

 

   

To create a work environment free of any form of harassment.

 

   

To represent Qiwi in a manner which is law abiding and sensitive to the needs and justifiable expectations of our customers, our shareholders, our fellow employees, and local, national and international communities and governments.

 

   

To comply with all laws of any jurisdiction governing the business of Qiwi including those relating to equal employment and opportunity, fair competition, insider trading in securities, the environment and dealings with government representatives.

Conduct not meeting these core standards cannot and will not be accepted. These core standards, as well as others, are detailed below.

Honest and Ethical Conduct and Fair Dealing

Employees, officers and directors should endeavor to deal honestly, ethically and fairly with Qiwi’s business partners, competitors and employees, irrespective of their age, disability, gender, nationality, ethnic background, race, religion or sexual affiliation and other factors not relevant to the interests of Qiwi.

You must not take unfair advantage of anyone through manipulation, concealment, abuse of privileged information, misrepresentation of material facts or any other unfair-dealing practice.

 

 

1  Until the appointment of a Compliance Officer, the respective duties are performed by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer

 

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Compliance with Laws, Rules and Regulations

Qiwi requires that all employees, officers and directors comply with all laws, rules and regulations applicable to Qiwi wherever it does business. You are expected to use good judgment and common sense in seeking to comply with all applicable laws, rules and regulations and to ask for advice from managers and other appropriate personnel when you are uncertain about them.

If you become aware of the violation of any law, rule or regulation by Qiwi, whether by its officers, employees, directors, or any third party doing business on behalf of Qiwi, it is your responsibility to promptly report the matter to your supervisor or the [Compliance Officer]. Nothing in this Code should discourage you from reporting any illegal activity, including any violation of the U.S. securities laws, Russian or U.S. antitrust laws, or any other Russian, U.S. federal or state or other foreign law, rule or regulation, to the appropriate regulatory authority. Employees, officers and directors shall not discharge, demote, suspend, threaten, harass or in any other manner discriminate or retaliate against an employee because he or she reports any such violation. This Code should not be construed to prohibit you from testifying, participating or otherwise assisting in any administrative, judicial or legislative proceeding or investigation.

Conflicts of Interest

Employees, officers and directors must act in Qiwi’s best interests. You should, where possible, refrain from engaging in any activity or having a personal interest that presents a “conflict of interest.” A conflict of interest occurs when your personal interest interferes, or appears to interfere, with the interests of Qiwi. A conflict of interest can arise whenever you, as an officer, director or employee, take action or have an interest that prevents you from performing your duties for Qiwi and responsibilities honestly, objectively and effectively. A conflict of interest may also arise when a Qiwi director or employee, or a member of his or her family, receives improper personal benefits as a result of his or her position at Qiwi. Examples of when a conflict situation can arise include:

 

   

Doing business with family or friends, within Qiwi or through its clients or other business partners;

 

   

Receiving or giving personal benefits such as gifts or entertainment from a potential or existing client or business partner of Qiwi;

 

   

Working for a competitor, client or other business partner while working at Qiwi; or

 

   

Having a significant financial interest such as an investment in a competitor.client or business partner of Qiwi that prevents you from performing your duties and responsibilities honestly, objectively and effectively. Qiwi is prohibited under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 from extending or arranging credit in the form of a personal loan to directors and executive officers, subject to certain limited exceptions.

In addition, all directors, officers, and employees owe a duty to Qiwi and to advance its legitimate interests when the opportunity so arises. Qiwi’s directors and employees are prohibited from taking for themselves personally opportunities that are discovered through the use of corporate property, information or position without the consent of the board of directors of Qiwi. No Qiwi director or employee may use corporate property, information or position for personal gain, nor compete with Qiwi directly or indirectly.

It is your responsibility to disclose any transaction or relationship that reasonably could be expected to give rise to a conflict of interest to the Compliance Officer.

Insider Trading

Employees, officers and directors who have material non-public information about the Qiwi or other companies, including our business partners, as a result of their relationship with Qiwi are prohibited by law and Qiwi policy from trading in securities of Qiwi or such other companies, as well as from communicating such information to others who might trade on the basis of that information. To help ensure that you do not engage in prohibited insider trading and avoid even the appearance of an improper transaction, Qiwi has adopted an Insider Trading Policy, a copy of which has been delivered to all directors, officers and employees.

If you are uncertain about the constraints on your purchase or sale of any Qiwi securities or the securities of any other company that you are familiar with by virtue of your relationship with Qiwi, you should consult with the Compliance Officer before making any such purchase or sale.

Confidentiality

Employees, officers and directors must maintain the confidentiality of confidential information entrusted to them by Qiwi or other companies, including our business partners, except when disclosure is authorized by a supervisor or legally mandated. Unauthorized disclosure of any confidential information is prohibited. Additionally, employees should take

 

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appropriate precautions to ensure that confidential or sensitive business information, whether it is proprietary to Qiwi or another company, is not communicated within Qiwi except to employees who have a need to know such information to perform their responsibilities for Qiwi.

Third parties may ask you for information concerning Qiwi. Subject to the exceptions noted in the preceding paragraph, employees, officers and directors (other than Qiwi’s authorized spokespersons) must not discuss internal Qiwi matters with, or disseminate internal Qiwi information to, anyone outside Qiwi, except as required in the performance of their duties for Qiwi and after an appropriate confidentiality agreement is in place. This prohibition applies particularly to inquiries concerning Qiwi from the media, market professionals (such as securities analysts, institutional investors, investment advisers, brokers and dealers) and security holders. All responses to inquiries on behalf of Qiwi must be made only by Qiwi’s authorized spokespersons. If you receive any inquiries of this nature, you must decline to comment and refer the inquirer to your supervisor or one of Qiwi’s authorized spokespersons. Qiwi’s policies with respect to public disclosure of internal matters are described more fully in [Qiwi’s Information Disclosure Policy], a copy of which has been delivered to all directors, officers and employees.

Data Privacy

Non-public, personally identifiable information is a significant asset to Qiwi, and any breach of privacy of such information could cause significant damage to Qiwi, its business and its reputation. As a result, non-public, personally identifiable information of Qiwi’s employees, business partners and customers shall be maintained and used in a manner in accordance with Qiwi policy and applicable law.

Protection and Proper Use of Corporate Assets

Employees, officers and directors should seek to protect Qiwi’s assets. Theft, carelessness and waste have a direct impact on Qiwi’s financial performance. Employees, officers and directors must use Qiwi’s assets and services solely for legitimate business purposes of Qiwi and not for any personal benefit or the personal benefit of anyone else.

Employees, officers and directors must advance Qiwi’s legitimate interests when the opportunity to do so arises. You must not take for yourself personal opportunities that are discovered through your position with Qiwi or the use of property or information of Qiwi.

Gifts and Gratuities

The use of Qiwi funds or assets for gifts, gratuities or other favors to employees or government officials is prohibited, except to the extent such gifts are in compliance with applicable law, insignificant in amount and not given in consideration or expectation of any action by the recipient. In no circumstance shall any employee, officer or director use Qiwi funds to give a cash gift.

Employees, officers and directors must not accept, or permit any member of his or her immediate family to accept, any gifts, gratuities or other favors from any person doing or seeking to do business with Qiwi, other than items of insignificant value. Any gifts that are not of insignificant value should be returned immediately and reported to your supervisor. If immediate return is not practical, they should be given to Qiwi for charitable disposition or such other disposition as Qiwi, in its sole discretion, believes appropriate.

Common sense and moderation should prevail in business entertainment engaged in on behalf of Qiwi. Employees, officers and directors should provide, or accept, business entertainment to or from anyone doing business with Qiwi only if the entertainment is infrequent, modest and intended to serve legitimate business goals.

Bribes and Kickbacks

The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) and similar laws in other countries that apply to Qiwi prohibit promising, authorizing or giving anything of value, directly or indirectly, to a non-U.S. government official to influence the misuse of the official’s position or secure an improper advantage in an effort to win or retain business. A non-U.S. government official is defined broadly and can be any official or employee of any non-U.S. government department, agency or state-owned company; officers or employees of public international organizations (such as the United Nations); any non-U.S. party officials or political candidates. Also, international anti-corruption laws, such as the UK Bribery Act, make it a crime to offer or pay bribes or kickbacks to private parties as well as government officials.

It is strictly prohibited to make illegal payments or offers to private parties or government officials of any country, or to make payments to third parties where there is a likelihood that the third party will use any of the funds to make a prohibited payment. Qiwi cannot do or attempt to do, through a third party intermediary, any act that Qiwi itself is not

 

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permitted to do. Qiwi and its employees can be held liable under international anti-corruption laws for the actions of subcontractors, partners, agents, consultants and others acting on behalf of Qiwi. Making a facilitation payment to a non-U.S. government official to perform a non-discretionary function that is part of his or her assigned duties is prohibited under the laws of the countries in which we operate and so such payments are not permitted.

Since you may be liable under the FCPA even without actual knowledge that a payment may be improperly used, it is important to watch out for ‘‘red flags’’ which suggest that a violation may be about to occur. Potential red flags include the following:

 

   

reputation of the business partner who is to receive a payment;

 

   

known relationships between the business partner and government officials;

 

   

payments in cash, to offshore accounts, or through third parties;

 

   

hiring a representative or agent with no expertise or experience in the area in which it will represent Qiwi;

 

   

refusal to provide written assurances against improper payments;

 

   

unusually high commissions; or

 

   

other facts that may appear suspicious.

You should always check with Qiwi’s Compliance Officer before making any payments or providing any type of gift or “perk” in a situation where you notice any “red flags.”

In addition, the U.S. government has a number of laws and regulations regarding business gratuities which may be accepted by U.S. government personnel. The promise, offer or delivery of a gift, favor or other gratuity to an official or employee of the U.S. government in violation of these rules would not only violate Qiwi policy but could also be a criminal offense. State and local governments, as well as non-U.S. governments, may have similar rules.

Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorist Financing

Qiwi is committed to conducting business only with reputable customers and third parties engaged in legitimate business activities with funds derived from legitimate sources. Qiwi has obligations under a variety of anti-money laundering laws in many countries, including, in the United States, the Bank Secrecy Act and the USA PATRIOT Act, and takes seriously its obligations to join with governments, international organizations, and other members of the financial services industry to help close off the channels of money laundering.

Money laundering is knowingly engaging in a financial transaction with the proceeds of criminal activity in order to “clean” the money and make it appear as if it came from a legitimate source. Terrorist financing is knowingly providing material support, such as monetary instruments, financial securities or financial services, to individuals associated with a designated terrorist organization, regardless of the legitimacy of the funds.

Qiwi will comply with all applicable anti-money laundering laws and will never knowingly facilitate, support, tolerate or condone any form of money laundering. Furthermore, Qiwi will make reasonable efforts to become familiar with its customers and clients to decrease the possibility that it will be unwittingly used to assist in money laundering. “Willful ignorance” of money laundering will not be tolerated.

If you observe any transaction that raises suspicions, you must report it to your supervisor or the Compliance Officer.

Prohibition of Fraudulent Conduct and Misappropriation

It is Qiwi’s intent to promote and provide guidelines for consistent, legal and ethical behavior. Every employee is responsible for the prevention, detection and reporting of fraud, misappropriations and other inappropriate conduct. Broadly, fraud is defined as deceit or breach of confidence perpetrated for profit or to gain some unfair or dishonest advantage. All employees, officers and directors are prohibited from engaging in fraudulent activity, including, without limitation, the intentional false representation, alteration or concealment of facts or information; misappropriation or improper handling or reporting of funds, securities, financial transactions or other assets; or destruction, removal or inappropriate use of records, equipment or other assets.

If there is any question as to whether an action constitutes fraud, contact your supervisor or Qiwi’s Compliance Officer for guidance. Any employee who discovers or suspects fraudulent activity is obligated to report it immediately to Qiwi’s Compliance Officer.

 

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Antitrust and Competition Laws

It is Qiwi’s policy to comply with the antitrust and competition laws in each country in which it does business. No Qiwi employee shall engage in anti-competitive conduct in violation of any such antitrust or competition law.

Accuracy of Books and Records and Public Reports

All Qiwi books, records and accounts shall be maintained in accordance with all applicable regulations and standards and accurately reflect the true nature of the transactions they record. The financial statements of Qiwi shall conform to the international financial reporting standards and Qiwi’s accounting policies. No undisclosed or unrecorded account or fund shall be established for any purpose. No false or misleading entries shall be made in Qiwi’s books or records for any reason, and no disbursement of corporate funds or other corporate property shall be made without adequate supporting documentation.

Qiwi’s shareholders and the investment community as a whole depend upon and trust the accuracy and completeness of the filings that Qiwi makes with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the other public announcements by Qiwi regarding its financial performance. This dependence and trust necessitate special care by Qiwi’s financial and accounting staff in connection with their preparation and filing of SEC reports and financial statements that they contain and the other public announcements that they make. It is Qiwi’s policy to file timely, accurate and complete reports with the SEC and promptly to correct any misstatement it makes as soon as practicable upon confirming that a misstatement in fact occurred and that the misstatement is material

Dealings with Independent Auditors

No employee, officer or director shall, directly or indirectly, make or cause to be made a materially false or misleading statement to an accountant in connection with (or omit to state, or cause another person to omit to state, any material fact necessary in order to make statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading, to an accountant in connection with) any audit, review or examination of Qiwi’s financial statements or the preparation or filing of any document or report with the SEC. No employee, officer or director shall, directly or indirectly, take any action to coerce, manipulate, mislead or fraudulently influence any independent public or certified public accountant engaged in the performance of an audit or review of Qiwi’s financial statements.

Proper Use of Information Technology Resources and Social Media

All directors, officers and employees must use Qiwi’s information technology and social media platforms responsibly and in a manner consistent with the Code and all other Qiwi guidelines. Qiwi’s information technology includes all current and future equipment, software and services that gather, store, communicate and process data that is owned, leased or provided by Qiwi. Qiwi’s social media platforms includes websites, blogs and other online profiles maintained by Qiwi.

Qiwi’s information technology and social media should be used in a respectful, professional manner for Qiwi business purposes except for limited and appropriate personal purposes. In addition, the following uses are prohibited:

 

   

Harassing, discriminating, offensive, defamatory, fraudulent or threatening messages, including those that offensively address race, religion, national origin, ethnicity, color, sex, gender identity, age, citizenship, veteran status, marital status, disability or any other characteristic protected by law.

 

   

Unauthorized distribution of Qiwi confidential or trade secret information or unauthorized discussions of Qiwi’s business or internal processes on any external site.

 

   

Causing or permitting security breaches or disruptions of network communication, and/or improperly revealing your user ID or password to others or allowing others to use your user ID or password.

Except as limited by applicable laws, Qiwi reserves the right to monitor, access and review all Qiwi information technology and social media platforms in appropriate circumstances at Qiwi’s discretion and pursuant to applicable laws. Qiwi’s right to monitor, access and review all information technology and social media platforms extends to business as well as personal information created, stored or transmitted using Qiwi information technology, and also includes social media sites visited via Qiwi information technology. Employees should have no expectation of privacy with respect to such business or personal information.

Qiwi reserves the right to restrict or terminate any user’s access to or use of Qiwi’s information technology at any time, for any reason, with or without advance notice, except where prohibited by law.

 

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Equal Opportunity Employer

Qiwi is an equal opportunity employer and has a positive commitment to the promotion of a policy of equal opportunity for all current and prospective employees. It is Qiwi’s policy to ensure that no job applicant or employee is discriminated against on the grounds of sex (including being a transsexual), sexual orientation, age, marital status, race, color, nationality, ethnic or racial or mental or physical disability in recruitment, training, promotion or any other matter relating to employment. All employees involved in the employment and management of staff will be responsible for ensuring that the policy is fairly and consistently applied within their areas of responsibility.

Compliance with Policy Against Sexual and Racial Harassment

Qiwi is committed to and supports the rights of all employees to work and function in an environment free of all forms of discrimination, such as sexual or racial harassment, bullying and intimidation. Sexual and racial harassment in any form is unacceptable, quite apart from the fact that it may constitute a breach of law. It is also improper and inappropriate behavior which is disruptive, lowers morale and interferes with work effectiveness. Qiwi will not tolerate such conduct. All employees will be expected to comply with this policy and take appropriate measures to ensure that such conduct does not occur. Disciplinary action, which may include dismissal for proven serious offences, will be taken against any employee who contravenes this policy.

Waivers of this Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

While some of the policies contained in this Code must be strictly adhered to and no exceptions can be allowed, in other cases exceptions may be possible. Any employee or officer who believes that an exception to any of these policies is appropriate in his or her case should first contact his or her immediate supervisor. If the supervisor agrees that an exception is appropriate, the approval of Corporate Counsel must be obtained. Corporate Counsel shall be responsible for maintaining a record of all requests for exceptions to any of these policies and the disposition of such requests.

Any senior officer or director who seeks an exception to any of these policies should contact the board of directors of Qiwi. Any waiver of this Code for executive officers or directors or any change to this Code that applies to executive officers or directors may be made only by the board of directors of Qiwi.

Disciplinary Actions

Every employee, officer and director has the responsibility to ask questions, seek guidance, report suspected violations and express concerns regarding compliance with this Code. Qiwi’s policy is “zero tolerance” for any conduct that violates the Code. This means that when an occurrence of a violation has been verified, appropriate action commensurate with the nature and pervasiveness of the violation will be taken. As such, Qiwi intends to prevent the occurrence of conduct not in compliance with the Code and to halt any such conduct that may occur as soon as reasonably possible after its discovery. Qiwi personnel who violate the Code may be subject to disciplinary actions, in accordance with local law of a country where personnel is employed. Certain violations of this Code may require Qiwi to refer the matter to the appropriate governmental or regulatory authorities for investigation or prosecution. Moreover, any supervisor who directs or approves of any conduct in violation of this Code, or who has knowledge of such conduct and does not immediately report it, also will be subject to disciplinary action, up to and including discharge.

Raising Concerns

Any employee, officer or director who knows or believes that any other employee or representative of Qiwi has engaged or is engaging in Qiwi-related conduct that violates applicable law or this Code has an obligation to promptly report the violation. In particular, any employee, officer or director may communicate any concerns or complaints relating to accounting, internal controls, auditing matters, disclosure, fraud and unethical business practices including, without limitation, the following:

 

   

fraud or deliberate error in the preparation, evaluation, review or audit of any financial statement of Qiwi;

 

   

fraud or deliberate error in the recording and maintaining of financial records of Qiwi;

 

   

deficiencies in or noncompliance with Qiwi’s internal controls over financial reporting;

 

   

misrepresentation or false statement to or by a senior officer, accountant or external auditor regarding a matter contained in the financial records, financial reports or audit reports of Qiwi; or

 

   

deviation from full and fair reporting of Qiwi’s financial condition.

 

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Any person may submit on a confidential or anonymous basis a report without fear of dismissal or retaliation of any kind. Reports may be made orally or in writing and, if preferred, anonymously. Any concerns of Qiwi’s employees, officers or directors may be addressed with:

 

   

a manager or supervisor;

 

   

the Company’s Chief Security Officer;

 

   

the Company’s Chief Executive Officer; or

 

   

the Chair of the audit committee (the “Committee Chair”) (email: audit_committee@qiwi.ru).

Qiwi personnel in doubt regarding the best course of action in a particular situation should not hesitate to speak with a supervisor or manager or other appropriate personnel listed above. To facilitate the process of raising concerns Qiwi has adopted a Whistle blowing policy, a copy of which has been delivered to all directors, officers and employees

Treatment of Reports

Upon receipt of a report, the Committee Chair will, when possible, acknowledge receipt of the report to the submitter. The report will then be reviewed by such persons as the Committee Chair determines to be appropriate. Confidentiality will be maintained to the fullest extent possible. However, if a complainant fails to identify himself or herself in his or her report and the information provided is insufficient, the Company may not be able to adequately investigate and resolve the complaint. Reports made anonymously should contain sufficient detail and information so that, if necessary, a meaningful investigation can be conducted. Prompt and appropriate corrective action will be taken when and as warranted in the judgment of the Committee Chair. When possible and when determined appropriate by the Committee Chair, notice of any corrective action taken will be given to the person who submitted the report.

No Retaliation

Any Qiwi personnel who has been found to have engaged in retaliation against an individual for raising, in good faith, a conduct concern or for participating in the investigation of such a concern may be subject to discipline, up to and including termination of employment or other business relationships. If any individual believes that he or she has been subjected to such retaliation, that person is encouraged to report the situation as soon as possible to one of the people detailed in the “Raising Concerns” section above.

 

7

EX-21.1 8 d426593dex211.htm EX-21.1 EX-21.1

Exhibit 21.1

SUBSIDIARIES OF QIWI PLC

 

Subsidiary

  

Jurisdiction of Formation

ZAO Ob’edinennya Sistema Momentalnykh Platezhey

   Russia

ZAO QIWI-Service (former ZAO OSMP)

   Russia

ZAO QIWI Bank

   Russia

OOO QIWI Wallet

   Russia

QIWI Payment Services Provider Ltd

   United Arab Emirates

QIWI International Payment System LLC

   Delaware

TOO OSMP

   Kazakhstan

SOOO OSMP BEL

   Belarus

SP OOO OSMP-M

   Moldova

RO SRL United System of Instant Payments Ltd

   Romania

IT Billion LLC

   Nevada

QIWI USA LLC

   Nevada

QIWI WALLET EUROPE SIA

   Latvia
EX-23.1 9 d426593dex231.htm EX-23.1 EX-23.1

Exhibit 23.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption “Experts” and to the use of our reports dated March 18, 2013, in this Registration Statement on Form F-1 and related Prospectus of QIWI plc for the registration of Class B shares of its common stock.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLC

Moscow, Russia

March 27, 2013

EX-23.2 10 d426593dex232.htm EX-23.2 EX-23.2

Exhibit 23.2

 

ANTIS TRIANTAFYLLIDES & SONS LLC

ADVOCATES

CAPITAL CENTER

9TH FLOOR

2-4 Arch. Makarios III Avenue

P.O.Box 21255

1505 NICOSIA, CYPRUS

TELEPHONE: 357 22 360000

TELEFAX: 357 22 670670

WEB SITE: www.triantafyllides.com

GENERAL EMAIL: trianta@triantafyllides.com

 

15 March 2013

 

To:   

QIWI plc

12-14 Kennedy Ave.

Kennedy Business Centre, 2nd Floor, Office 203

1087 Nicosia, Cyprus

   (Attention: Sergey Solonin, Chief Executive Officer)

 

CONSENT

We are acting as Cyprus counsel to Qiwi PLC (the “Company”) in connection with an initial public offering of American Depositary Shares of the Company. We hereby consent to the use of our tax opinion by the Company and to the reference to this firm in the Registration Statement on Form F-1 and any amendments thereto filed by the Company and in the prospectus to which the registration statement relates.

Yours truly,

/s/ Antis Triantafyllides & Sons LLC

Antis Triantafyllides & Sons LLC

 

 

Antis Triantafyllides & Sons LLC is a limited liability company registered in the Republic of Cyprus with registration number HE 222537

Registered Office: CAPITAL CENTER, 9TH FLOOR, 2-4 Arch. Makarios III Avenue 1065 NICOSIA, CYPRUS

EX-23.3 11 d426593dex233.htm EX-23.3 EX-23.3

Exhibit 23.3

J’son & Partners Consulting LLC

 

11A/2, bld. 1B, Armyansky Pereulok,

101000 Moscow, Russia

Tel.: +7 (495) 625 72 45

Fax: +7 (495) 625 91 77

E-mail: www.json.ru

January 25, 2013

To: QIWI Limited

12-14 Kennedy Ave.

Kennedy Business Centre, 2nd Floor, Office 203

1087 Nicosia Cyprus

Attention to: Sergey Solonin, Chief Executive Officer

Dear Sirs,

We hereby consent to (i) the use in the Registration Statement (the “Registration Statement”) to be published in connection with the offering (the “Offering”) of ordinary shares of QIWI Limited (the “Company”) in the form of American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) and their listing on NASDAQ or NYSE, of our report prepared at the Company’s request, entitled “Assessment of electronic payments service and top-up kiosks in Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus” dated January 9th 2013 (the “Report”) relating to certain agreed aspects of the markets in which the Company operates and its competitive position within those markets, (ii) the use of our name and all references to our name and of the Report; and (iii) all references to our preparation of an independent Report. We further acknowledge and agree that the relevant consent will also be included as an exhibit to the Registration Statement.

We acknowledge that extracts from the Report will be used in the Registration Statement and any material prepared by the Company in connection with the Offering such as the analyst presentation and the roadshow presentation and may also be used publicly following completion of the Offering.

Yours faithfully

/s/ Svetlana Vodianova

Svetlana Vodianova

General Director for and on behalf of

J’son & Partners Consulting LLC

EX-23.4 12 d426593dex234.htm EX-23.4 EX-23.4

Exhibit 23.4

 

To: QIWI plc

12-14 Kennedy Ave.

Kennedy Business Centre, 2nd Floor, Office 203

1087 Nicosia, Cyprus

(Attention: Sergey Solonin, Chief Executive Officer)

March 18, 2013

Dear Sirs:

We hereby consent to (i) the use in the Registration Statement (the “Registration Statement”) to be published in connection with the offering (the “Offering”) of Class B shares of QIWI plc (the “Company”) in the form of American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) and their listing on NASDAQ, of our reports “Assessment of QIWI’s Strategic Positioning”, “Industry Landscape Assessment: Russia” and “Industry Landscape Assessment: Kazakhstan”, each dated November 21, 2012 (together, the “Reports”), relating to certain agreed aspects of the markets in which the Company operates and its competitive position within those markets, (ii) the use in the Registration Statement of our name and references to our name in connection with references to the Reports; and (iii) the use in the Registration Statement of references to our preparation of the Reports. We further acknowledge and agree that the relevant consent will also be included as an exhibit to the Registration Statement.

We acknowledge that extracts from the Reports will be used in the Registration Statement and any material prepared by the Company in connection with the Offering, such as the analyst presentation and the roadshow presentation, and may also be used publicly following completion of the Offering; provided that no such extract shall distort or materially alter the meaning of or conclusions reached in any of the Reports.

Yours faithfully

/s/ Yogesh Oka

Yogesh Oka

Director

for and on behalf of Edgar, Dunn & Company

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