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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Note 12 - Income Taxes
In determining the quarterly provision for income taxes, management uses an estimated annual effective tax rate based on forecasted annual pre-tax income, permanent tax differences, statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates. The effect of significant discrete items is separately recognized in the quarter(s) in which they occur. For the three month period ended September 30, 2017, the Company recognized certain tax credits based upon the results of a study that is currently underway, which amount was determined based on management’s estimates and currently available information. Further adjustments to the amount recognized may occur as the results of the study are finalized, which is expected to occur in the fourth quarter of 2017.

As discussed in Note 1 - Business, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies, effective January 1, 2017, the Company adopted ASU 2016-09, which changed the recognition requirements for excess tax benefits (“windfalls”) or tax deficiencies (“shortfalls”) from share-based payment awards. ASU 2016-09 requires windfalls or shortfalls to be recognized within income tax expense in the interim periods in which they occur, rather than as additional paid-in capital. Given that windfalls or shortfalls are recognized in income tax expense in the periods in which they occur, they are not included when estimating annual effective tax rates. The tax effect related to the vesting of share-based payment awards did not have a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated effective tax rate for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2017.

As of September 30, 2017, the Company had $274.5 million of long-term deferred tax liabilities. As of December 31, 2016, current deferred tax assets, net, totaled $11.8 million and long-term deferred tax liabilities, net, totaled $178.4 million. In addition, as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, accrued income and other taxes payable, which are included within other accrued expenses, totaled $19.8 million and $40.3 million, respectively. The Company adopted Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes (“ASU 2015-17”), which changed the classification requirements for deferred tax assets and liabilities, effective January 1, 2017. ASU 2015-17 requires long-term classification of all deferred tax assets and liabilities, rather than separately classifying deferred tax assets and liabilities based on their net current and non-current amounts, as was required under the previous guidance. The Company adopted ASU 2015-17 on a prospective basis, therefore prior periods were not adjusted to conform to the current period presentation. The adoption of ASU 2015-17 did not have had a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.