485BPOS 1 d852069d485bpos.htm STONE RIDGE TRUST U.S. HEDGED EQUITY FUND Stone Ridge Trust U.S. Hedged Equity Fund

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2020

1933 Act File No. 333-184477

1940 Act File No. 811-22761

U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM N-1A

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933     

Pre-Effective Amendment No.                                                      

    

Post-Effective Amendment No.                                  59               

    

                                                                              and/or

    
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940     

Amendment No.                                                         61              

    
              (Check appropriate box or boxes.)     

STONE RIDGE TRUST

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

510 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor

New York, New York 10022

(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code:

855-609-3680

Stone Ridge Trust

510 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor

New York, New York 10022

(Name and Address of Agent for Service)

Copies of Communication To:

Elizabeth J. Reza

Gregory C. Davis

Ropes & Gray LLP

800 Boylston Street

Boston, Massachusetts 02199

It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):

 

immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)

 

on (date) pursuant to paragraph (b)

 

60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)

 

on March 1, 2020 pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)

 

75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)

 

on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485

If appropriate, check the following box:

 

this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.

This Post-Effective Amendment No. 59 to the Registration Statement of Stone Ridge Trust on Form N-1A (File No. 333-184477) is being filed pursuant to Rule 485(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to include a prospectus and statement of additional information relating to Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund, a series of Stone Ridge Trust. No information contained herein is intended to amend or supersede any prior filing relating to any other series of the Registrant.


PROSPECTUS

March 1, 2020

STONE RIDGE ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC

 

 

STONE RIDGE U.S. HEDGED EQUITY FUND

   

Share Class

  

Ticker Symbol

    
  Class I    VRLIX   
  Class M    VRLMX   

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

This prospectus contains important information about the Fund and the services available to shareholders. Please save it for reference.

Beginning on January 1, 2021, as permitted by regulations adopted by the Commission, paper copies of the Fund’s shareholder reports will no longer be sent by mail, unless you specifically request paper copies of the reports from your financial intermediary or, if you invest directly through the Fund’s transfer agent, U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC (the “Transfer Agent”), from the Transfer Agent. Instead, the reports will be made available on a website, and you will be notified by mail each time a report is posted and provided with a website link to access the report.

If you already elected to receive shareholder reports electronically, you will not be affected by this change and you need not take any action. You may elect to receive shareholder reports and other communications electronically by contacting your financial intermediary.

You may elect to receive all future reports in paper free of charge by contacting your financial intermediary or, if you invest directly through the Transfer Agent, by contacting the Transfer Agent at (855) 609-3680. Your election to receive reports in paper will apply to all funds held in your account if you invest through a financial intermediary or all funds within the fund complex if you invest directly through the Transfer Agent.


STONE RIDGE TRUST

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

    Page  

FUND SUMMARY

    S-1  

Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund

    S-1  

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES, STRATEGIES AND RISKS

    1  

More Information Regarding Investment Strategies

    1  

More Information Regarding the Risks of Investing

    3  

Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings

    9  

MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION

    9  

Investment Adviser

    9  

Portfolio Managers

    9  

Additional Information Regarding the Adviser and Portfolio Managers

    10  

Distributor and Transfer Agent

    10  

SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

    10  

Fund Closings

    10  

How Fund Share Prices Are Calculated

    10  

INVESTING IN THE FUND

    12  

Eligibility to Buy Class I Shares and Class M Shares

    12  

Investment Minimums

    12  

Other Policies

    12  

HOW TO BUY CLASS I SHARES AND CLASS M SHARES

    13  

How to Buy Shares

    13  

Customer Identification Program

    13  

HOW TO REDEEM CLASS I SHARES AND CLASS M SHARES

    14  

Payments of Redemption Proceeds

    14  

Dividend Reinvestment Plan

    15  

Distributions and Federal Income Tax Matters

    15  

Frequent Purchases and Sales of Fund Shares

    17  

DISTRIBUTION ARRANGEMENTS

    18  

Distribution Plan

    18  

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

    20  

STONE RIDGE’S PRIVACY NOTICE

    22  

USEFUL SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

    Back Cover  


FUND SUMMARY

Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund

Investment Objective

The Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund’s (the “Fund”) investment objective is to seek capital appreciation.

Fees and Expenses

The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.

 

         

Annual Fund Operating Expenses

     Class I     Class M  
(expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)       
Management Fees(1)        0.50     0.50
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees        None       0.15
Other Expenses       

Recoupment(2)

       0.04     0.03

Remainder of Other Expenses(3)

       0.50     0.52
Total Other Expenses        0.54     0.55
    

 

 

   

 

 

 
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses        1.04     1.20
(Fee Waiver and/or Expense Reimbursement)(2)        (0.54 )%      (0.54 )% 
    

 

 

   

 

 

 
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After
(Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement)
       0.50     0.66
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Management Fees have been restated to reflect current fees.

(2)

Through February 28, 2021, the Adviser (defined below) has contractually agreed to waive its management fee and/or pay or otherwise bear operating and other expenses of the Fund or a Class thereof (including offering expenses, but excluding brokerage and transactional expenses, borrowing and other investment-related costs and fees including interest and commitment fees, short dividend expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, litigation and indemnification expenses, judgments and extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s business (collectively, the “Excluded Expenses”)) solely to the extent necessary to limit the Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses, other than Excluded Expenses, of the applicable Class to 0.50% for Class I shares and 0.65% for Class M shares of the average daily net assets attributable to such Class of shares. The Adviser shall be entitled to recoup in later periods expenses attributable to a Class that the Adviser has paid or otherwise borne (whether through reduction of its management fee or otherwise) to the extent that the expenses for the Class of shares (including offering expenses, but excluding Excluded Expenses) after such recoupment do not exceed the lower of (i) the annual expense limitation rate in effect at the time of the actual waiver/reimbursement and (ii) the annual expense limitation rate in effect at the time of the recoupment; provided that the Adviser shall not be permitted to recoup any such fees or expenses beyond three years from the end of the month in which such fee was reduced or such expense was reimbursed. The expense limitation agreement may only be modified by a majority vote of the trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Fund (as defined by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended) and the consent of the Adviser.

(3)

Remainder of Other Expenses has been restated to reflect expenses for the current fiscal year.

Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the costs of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated, regardless of whether or not you redeem your shares at the end of such periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses (as described above) remain the same and takes into account the effect of the expense reimbursement (if any) during the first year. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

       1 Year      3 Years      5 Years      10 Years
Class I Shares        $ 51        $ 269        $ 504        $ 1,179
Class M Shares        $ 67        $ 321        $ 594        $ 1,375

 

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Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells investments (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 0.00% of the average value of its portfolio. Portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor should the Adviser deem it advisable to purchase or sell securities.

Principal Investment Strategies

In managing the Fund, Stone Ridge Asset Management LLC (“Stone Ridge” or the “Adviser”) focuses primarily on one source of potential return: the receipt of option premiums from selling fully collateralized put options on equity indices. Generally, the Fund intends to sell put options that are at-the-money or slightly out-of-the-money, which means that the strike price generally will be at or below the current price of the underlying index when the option is sold. The collateral for the written options is invested in short-term U.S. Treasury securities, which provide a secondary source of returns to the Fund. The Fund also purchases put options with a lower strike price than those it has sold, which has the effect of limiting losses the Fund may experience as a result of selling put options.

In pursuing its put writing strategy, the Fund receives premiums from the purchaser for selling cash-settled put options on equity indices in exchange for providing the option purchaser with the right to exercise the option at a pre-specified price (the strike price) and at a pre-specified time in the future (the expiration date). If the market price of the underlying equity index is above the strike price at expiration, the option expires unexercised, in which case the Fund retains the premium it collected when it sold the option and has no further obligations. In the reverse scenario, if the price of the underlying index is below the strike price at expiration, the option buyer has the right to exercise the option and to require the Fund to pay the option buyer an amount equal to the difference between the strike price and the market value of the underlying index, which would result in a loss; that loss may exceed the value of the premium the Fund received. The Fund fully collateralizes the options it sells with short-term U.S. Treasury securities equal in value to the strike price of the put options it writes, and the Fund has the potential to earn a return from those investments. The Fund also purchases put options on equity indices with lower strike prices than the corresponding put options the Fund sells on the same equity indices. Therefore, the Fund seeks to profit from a combination of collecting option premiums and investing in U.S. Treasury securities, while at the same time, the Fund seeks to limit participation in market declines by purchasing options. In this way, the Fund seeks to generate positive returns but with less participation in market declines relative to what an investor might experience if holding the securities represented in an underlying equity index directly.

Based on the foregoing, as of the date of this prospectus, the Adviser expects that the Fund will typically sell and buy put options related to U.S. large cap securities indices. Under normal market conditions, at least 80% of the value of the Fund’s net assets (plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) will be subject to written put options on U.S. equity securities.

The Fund will invest in U.S. Treasury securities of varying maturities, typically with remaining maturities of one year or less, to meet asset coverage or margin requirements on the Fund’s option writing strategy. At times the Fund may hold significant positions in U.S. Treasury securities or cash and cash equivalents to the extent necessary to meet asset coverage or margin requirements. The Fund may at times write options on indices with aggregate notional value greater than the value of the Fund’s assets. In those cases, the Fund may be considered to have created investment leverage; leverage increases the volatility of the Fund and may result in losses greater than if the Fund had not been leveraged. It is also possible that the Fund will create investment leverage by borrowing money.

The Fund also may enter into futures contracts for hedging purposes. The use of derivatives gives rise to a form of leverage and the related risks. For the Adviser and the Fund to remain eligible for certain regulatory

 

S-2


exclusions under the Commodity Exchange Act (the “CEA”), the Fund will be limited in its ability to use certain financial instruments regulated under the CEA (“commodity interests”), including futures.

The Adviser may consider the tax consequences of the Fund’s investment strategy, but there is no assurance that the Fund will be managed in a tax-advantaged manner.

Principal Investment Risks

Investors should carefully consider the Fund’s risks and investment objectives, as an investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors and is not designed to be a complete investment program.

There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. An investment in the Fund involves a high degree of risk. It is possible that investing in the Fund may result in a loss of some or all of the amount invested. Before making an investment/allocation decision, investors should (i) consider the suitability of this investment with respect to an investor’s or a client’s investment objectives and individual situation and (ii) consider factors such as an investor’s or a client’s net worth, income, age and risk tolerance. Investment should be avoided where an investor/client has a short-term investing horizon and/or cannot bear the loss of some or all of the investment.

The Fund’s shares will fluctuate in price, which may result in a loss of a portion or all of the money invested in the Fund. Many factors influence a mutual fund’s performance.

The Fund’s principal risk factors are listed below. Before investing, please be sure to read the additional descriptions of these risks under “More Information on the Risks of Investing” below.

Derivatives Risk. The Fund may invest in a variety of derivatives, including options and futures contracts. The use of derivatives involves risks that are in addition to, and potentially greater than, the risks of investing directly in securities and other more traditional assets. Derivatives are financial contracts the value of which depends on, or is derived from, the underlying security or other reference asset. Derivatives involve the risk that changes in their value may not move as expected relative to changes in the value of the underlying reference asset they are designed to track. The Fund may invest in derivatives to generate income from premiums, for investment purposes and for hedging and risk management purposes. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment option, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. See the Statement of Additional Information for additional information of the various types and uses of derivatives in the Fund’s strategy.

During periods of market disruptions or stress, the Fund may have a greater need for cash to provide collateral for large swings in its mark-to-market obligations under the derivatives in which it has invested.

Derivatives also present other risks described herein, including market risk, illiquidity risk and counterparty risk. Many derivatives are complex and their valuation often requires modeling and judgment, which increases the risk of mispricing or improper valuation.

The Fund’s use of derivatives may not be effective or have the desired results. For example, the Fund will lose money on its option selling strategy to the extent that the difference between the strike price and the market value of the underlying index at the time the option is exercised exceeds the option premium received. This may happen when the value of the underlying equity index moves in an unexpected direction or to an unanticipated degree. Moreover, suitable derivatives will not be available in all circumstances. The Adviser may also not be successful in reducing the Fund’s risk exposures through hedging, whether by purchasing options or through the use of other derivatives, potentially resulting in losses for the Fund.

Many derivatives have embedded leverage (i.e., a notional value in excess of the assets needed to establish and/or maintain the derivative position). Derivatives in which the Fund may invest (e.g., options and futures contracts) may have embedded leverage, depending on their specific terms. As a result, adverse changes in the value or

 

S-3


level of the underlying investment may result in a loss substantially greater than the amount invested in the derivative itself (see “Leverage Risk” below).

The Commission has proposed a new Rule 18f-4 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) (which, as of the date of this prospectus, has not been adopted) that would place significant limits on the use of derivatives and other senior securities by registered investment companies, such as the Fund. If the rule were to take effect in the form proposed, it could require the Fund to alter its investment strategy.

Specific risks involved in the use of certain types of derivatives in which the Fund may invest include:

Options Risk Generally. A decision as to whether, when, and how to use options involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived and well-executed options program may be adversely affected by market behavior or unexpected events. Successful options strategies may require the anticipation of future movements in securities prices or other economic factors of the underlying investments. No assurances can be given that the Adviser’s judgment in this respect will be correct.

The market price of written options will be affected by many factors, including changes in the market price or other economic attributes of the underlying investment; changes in the realized or perceived volatility of the relevant market and underlying investment; and the time remaining before an option’s expiration.

The market price of options may be adversely affected if the market for the options becomes less liquid or smaller. The Fund may close out a written option position by buying the option instead of letting it expire or be exercised. There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist when the Fund seeks to close out an option position by buying or selling the option.

The Fund’s options positions will be marked to market on each day that the Fund strikes its NAV. The Fund’s options transactions will be subject to limitations established by each of the exchanges, boards of trade or other trading facilities on which such options are traded. These limitations govern the maximum number of options in each class that may be written or purchased by a single investor or group of investors acting in concert, regardless of whether the options are written or purchased on the same or different exchanges, boards of trade or other trading facilities or are held or written in one or more accounts or through one or more brokers.

When the Fund writes (sells) an option, it faces the risk that it will experience a loss if the option purchaser exercises the option sold by the Fund. Options writing can cause the Fund’s share price to be highly volatile, and it may be subject to sudden and substantial losses.

Put Option Risk. The purchaser of an index put option has the right to receive a cash payment equal to any depreciation in the value of the index below the strike price of the put option as of the valuation date of the option. Because their exercise is settled in cash, sellers of index put options such as the Fund cannot cover their potential settlement obligations by selling short the underlying securities. As the writer of index put options, the Fund will be responsible, during the option’s life, for any decreases in the value of the index below the strike price of the put option. When an index put option is exercised, the Fund will be required to deliver an amount of cash determined by the excess of the strike price of the option over the value of the index at contract termination. While the risk of selling put options may be mitigated by the Fund’s purchase of put options at a lower strike price (thereby capping the maximum loss potential), there can be no assurance that options with the same strike price and maturity will be available to allow the Fund to close out (buy back) its written options. Accordingly, the potential losses from writing index put options can be substantial. Similarly, when the Fund purchases put options, there can be no assurance that options with the same strike price and maturity will be available to allow the Fund to close out (sell out of) its purchased options, which may prevent the Fund from locking in a gain on the purchased option by exiting the position.

 

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Futures Risk. A purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses in excess of the amount invested in the futures contract. There can be no guarantee that there will be a correlation between price movements in the futures contracts and in the securities or index positions underlying them. Futures exchanges may limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in certain futures contract prices during a single trading day. Once the daily limit has been reached in a futures contract subject to the limit, no more trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movements during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses because the limit may work to prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist at a time when the Fund seeks to close out a futures contract, and the Fund would remain obligated to meet margin requirements until the position is closed.

Counterparty Risk. The Fund’s use of derivatives exposes it to the risk that the counterparties (i.e., the Fund’s FCMs) will be unable or unwilling to make timely settlement payments or otherwise honor their obligations. If the counterparty defaults, the Fund will still have contractual remedies but may not be able to enforce them. The Fund may invest in derivatives with a limited number of counterparties, and events affecting the creditworthiness of any of those counterparties may have a pronounced effect on the Fund.

Margin Risk. When the Fund enters into derivatives transactions, it is typically required to post collateral, or “initial margin,” to secure its payment or delivery obligations. The Fund then pays or receives margin periodically during the term of the derivative depending on changes in value of the derivative. The Fund may post margin directly to a broker or FCM, which will typically re-hypothecate that margin to a clearinghouse or another broker or FCM. In the case of a broker who is not an FCM, any posting of margin directly to that broker must be specifically approved by the Board. Prior to re-hypothecation, margin so posted may be held in commingled accounts with margin from other clients of that broker or FCM. The margin maintained by these brokers and FCMs is not subject to the regulatory protections provided by bank custody arrangements commonly employed by investment companies. If margin posted to a broker or FCM is re-hypothecated, neither the Fund nor the broker or FCM, as applicable, will have possession of the margin. Margin posted by the Fund to a broker or FCM is exposed to the credit risk and fraud risk of that broker or FCM. There is generally no limit on the amount of margin that the Fund may post directly to a single broker or FCM or to all brokers and FCMs, and the Fund typically posts a significant portion of its assets in this manner. As a result, at any time the Fund may have substantial credit exposure to one or more brokers and/or FCMs. In the event of the insolvency or liquidation of a broker or FCM to whom the Fund has posted collateral, the Fund is likely to experience substantial delays in recovering its margin, or it may not be able to recover it at all. Any inability or unwillingness of a broker or FCM to meet its obligation to return margin to the Fund, including by reason of insolvency or liquidation, or any improper activity involving such broker or FCM would likely result in a substantial loss to the Fund.

Management and Operational Risk. The Fund is subject to management risk because it relies on the Adviser’s ability to achieve its investment objective. The Fund runs the risk that the Adviser’s investment techniques will fail to produce desired results and cause the Fund to incur significant losses. The Adviser may fail to use derivatives effectively, may select investments that do not perform as anticipated by the Adviser and may choose to hedge or not to hedge positions at disadvantageous times. Any imperfections, errors or limitations in quantitative analyses and models used by the Adviser as part of its investment process could affect the Fund’s performance.

The Fund also is subject to the risk of loss as a result of other services provided by the Adviser and other service providers, including pricing, administrative, accounting, tax, legal, custody, transfer agency and other services. Operational risk includes the possibility of loss caused by inadequate procedures and controls, human error and cyber attacks, disruptions and failures affecting, or by, a service provider.

 

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Illiquidity Risk. Illiquidity risk is the risk that the investments held by the Fund may be difficult or impossible to sell at the time that the Fund would like without significantly changing the market value of the investment. There can be no assurance that a liquid market for the Fund’s investments will be maintained, in which case the Fund’s ability to realize full value in the event of the need to liquidate certain assets may be impaired and/or result in losses to the Fund. The Fund may be unable to sell its investments, even under circumstances when the Adviser believes it would be in the best interests of the Fund to do so. Illiquid investments may also be difficult to value and their pricing may be more volatile than more liquid investments, which could adversely affect the price at which the Fund is able to sell such instruments. Illiquidity risk also may be greater in times of financial stress. The risks associated with illiquid instruments may be particularly acute in situations in which the Fund’s operations require cash (such as in connection with redemptions) and could result in the Fund borrowing to meet its short-term needs or incurring losses on the sale of illiquid instruments.

Leverage Risk. The Fund may obtain financing to make investments (i.e., to purchase additional portfolio investments) and may obtain leverage through derivative instruments that afford the Fund economic leverage. The Fund may also borrow to meet redemption requests and to address cash flow timing mismatches. Therefore, the Fund is subject to leverage risk. Leverage magnifies the Fund’s exposure to declines in the value of one or more underlying investments or creates investment risk with respect to a larger pool of assets than the Fund would otherwise have and may be considered a speculative technique. The value of an investment in the Fund will be more volatile and other risks tend to be compounded if and to the extent that the Fund borrows or uses derivatives or other investments that have embedded leverage. Engaging in such transactions may cause the Fund to liquidate positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements.

The Fund’s borrowings, which typically would be in the form of loans from banks, may be on a secured or unsecured basis and at fixed or variable rates of interest. Borrowing will also cost the Fund interest expense and other fees and the cost of borrowing or fluctuations in interest rates, if applicable, may reduce the Fund’s return. The Fund’s ability to obtain leverage through borrowings is dependent upon its ability to establish and maintain an appropriate line of credit. Market conditions may unfavorably impact the Fund’s ability to secure borrowings on terms as favorable as more established borrowers in the market, or to borrow on commercially feasible terms.

Market Risk. Because the Fund enters into derivatives contracts relating to equity indices, the Fund is exposed to fluctuations in the value of the underlying index. Market risk is the risk that the value of equity and other securities (including equity securities that make up an index on which the Fund writes options) to which the Fund is exposed will fall due to general market or economic conditions; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; currency, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations; perceptions regarding the industries in which the issuers participate and the particular circumstances and performance of the issuers. Market conditions may affect certain types of equity securities, and therefore certain indices, to a greater extent than other types. Although equity indices have historically generated higher average returns than debt indices over the long term, equity indices also have experienced significantly more volatility in returns. If the value of securities (including securities that make up equity indices underlying derivatives contracts entered into by the Fund) to which the Fund is exposed decreases, the performance of the Fund will be negatively impacted, and your investment in the Fund may lose money.

Government Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government (including U.S. Treasury obligations which differ in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance) or its agencies and instrumentalities (such as the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae), the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac)). U.S. government securities are subject to market risk, risks related to changes in interest rates and credit risk. Securities, such as those issued or guaranteed by Ginnie Mae or the U.S. Treasury, that are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and principal when held to maturity and the market prices for such securities will fluctuate. Notwithstanding that these securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, circumstances could arise that would prevent the payment of interest or principal. This would result in losses to the Fund. Securities issued or

 

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guaranteed by U.S. government related organizations, such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government and no assurance can be given that the U.S. government would provide financial support. Therefore, U.S. government-related organizations may not have the funds to meet their payment obligations in the future. As a result of their high credit quality and market liquidity, U.S. government securities generally provide a lower current return than obligations of other issuers.

Temporary Defensive and Interim Investments. For temporary defensive purposes in times of adverse or unstable market, economic or political conditions, the Fund can invest up to 100% of its assets in investments that may be inconsistent with its principal investment strategies. Generally, the Fund would invest in money market instruments or in other short-term U.S. government securities. The Fund might also hold these types of securities as interim investments pending the investment of proceeds from the sale of its shares or the sale of its portfolio securities or to meet anticipated redemptions of its shares. To the extent the Fund invests in these securities, it might not achieve its investment objective.

Focused Investment Risk. To the extent that the Fund focuses its exposures in asset classes, sectors, industries, countries, regions, companies or issuers that are subject to the same or similar risks, the Fund will be subject to greater overall risk than if the Fund’s exposures were less focused.

Tax Risk. The Fund intends to qualify for treatment as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). In order to qualify for such treatment, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from qualifying income, meet certain asset diversification tests at the end of each fiscal quarter and distribute at least 90% of its investment company taxable income. The Fund’s investment strategy will potentially be limited by its intention to qualify for treatment as a RIC. The tax treatment of certain of the Fund’s investments under one or more of the qualification or distribution tests applicable to RICs is not certain. An adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS or a change in law might affect the Fund’s ability to qualify for such treatment.

If, in any year, the Fund were to fail to qualify for treatment as a RIC under the Code for any reason, and were not able to cure such failure, the Fund would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income.

An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.

 

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Performance

The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the performance of the Fund’s Class I Shares from year to year and by comparing the Fund’s average annual total returns for the periods indicated with those of a broad measure of market performance. Past performance (before and after taxes) is not an indication of future performance. Performance data current to the most recent month end may be obtained by calling (855) 609-3680.

 

LOGO

 

Best Quarter   Worst Quarter
Q1 2019 7.84%   Q4 2018 (9.44)

 

Average Annual Total Returns for the periods ended December 31, 2019
      One Year    Five Years   

Since Inception

(5/1/2013)

Class I Shares               

Return Before Taxes

       17.20%        5.87%        6.91%

Return After Taxes on Distributions

       16.56%        4.39%        5.19%

Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares

       10.28%        4.23%        4.95%
Class M Shares               

Return Before Taxes

       17.09%        5.74%        6.75%
ICE BofA Merrill Lynch 3-Month U.S. Treasury Bill Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)        2.28%        1.07%        0.82%

After-tax returns are shown for Class I Shares only. After-tax returns for Class M Shares will differ. After tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and does not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on your situation and may differ from those shown. Furthermore, the after-tax returns shown are not relevant to those who hold their shares through tax-deferred arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”).

Management

Investment Adviser

Stone Ridge Asset Management LLC is the Fund’s investment adviser.

 

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Portfolio Managers

Nathaniel Conrad, Li Song and Allen Steere (the “Portfolio Managers”) are jointly and primarily responsible for day-to-day management of the Fund. Mr. Steere has been a Portfolio Manager since October 2019. Mr. Conrad and Mr. Song have been Portfolio Managers since January 2020.

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

The minimum initial account size (which may be waived or reduced in certain circumstances) is $500,000 for Class I shares and $2,500 for Class M shares. These minimums may be modified and/or applied in the aggregate for certain intermediaries that submit trades on behalf of underlying investors (e.g., registered investment advisers or benefit plans). Differences in the policies of different intermediaries may include different minimum investment amounts. There is no minimum for subsequent investments.

Fund shares may be redeemed on any business day, which is any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for business, by writing to Stone Ridge Trust, c/o U.S. Bank Global Fund Services, 615 E. Michigan Avenue, 3rd Floor, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53202, or by calling (855) 609-3680. Investors who invest in the Fund through an intermediary should contact their intermediary regarding redemption procedures.

Tax Information

The Fund’s distributions are expected to be taxed as ordinary income and/or capital gains, unless you are exempt from taxation or investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account.

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Intermediaries

If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information. See “Distribution Arrangements” below.

 

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INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES, STRATEGIES AND RISKS

In addition to the investment practices described in the “Fund Summary” above, the Fund is also permitted to engage in the following investment practices. When used in this prospectus, the term “invest” includes both direct investing and indirect investing and the term “investments” includes both direct investments and indirect investments. For example, the Fund may invest indirectly by investing in derivatives and synthetic instruments..

A statement of the investment objective and principal investment policies and risks of the Fund is set forth above in “Fund Summary.” Set forth below is additional information about the Fund’s investment policies and risks.

More Information Regarding Investment Strategies

Derivatives. The Fund invests in and uses derivatives, including those described below.

Options Generally. Options are a type of derivative instrument through which option sellers assume conditional obligations to option buyers relating to the underlying reference instrument, security or index.

Options positions are marked to market daily. The value of options is affected by changes in the underlying reference instruments and the remaining time to the options’ expiration, as well as trading conditions in the options market.

The Fund generally intends to sell put options that are out-of-the-money (i.e., the strike price generally will be below the current level of the applicable index when the option is written) or at-the-money (i.e., the strike price generally will be the same as the current level of the applicable index when the option is written). The percentage of the Fund’s portfolio value against which index put options are sold may vary over time. As noted above, the Fund may sell options that are substantially out-of-the-money and/or options that are only slightly out-of-the-money; in certain circumstances, the Fund may also trade in-the-money options. Typically, in-the-money option transactions arise when the Adviser determines that the premium offered compensates reasonably for the risk assumed.

Put Options. A put option is a contract that entitles the purchaser to receive from the seller a fixed price (the strike price of the put option) in exchange for the underlying investment on or before the expiration date of the option or a cash payment (in the case of a cash-settled option contract) equal to the amount of any depreciation in the value of the underlying reference instrument or index below a fixed price (the strike price of the put option) as of the exercise date of the option. Upon entering into the position, a premium is paid by the purchaser to the seller. When an index put option is exercised, the put option seller is required to deliver an amount of cash determined by the shortfall, if any, of the value of the index at contract termination below the strike price of the option. The Fund may write put options on an underlying instrument it is not short (i.e., “naked” put options).

Futures Contracts. The Fund may engage in transactions in futures contracts. Futures contracts are standardized, exchange-traded contracts that obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of an asset at a specified future date at a specified price. A futures contract on an index is an agreement pursuant to which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to the difference between the value of the index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the index contract originally was written. Although the value of an index might be a function of the value of certain specified securities or other instruments or values, physical delivery is not always made.

U.S. Treasury Obligations. These include Treasury bills (which have maturities of one year or less when issued), Treasury notes (which have maturities of one to ten years when issued) and Treasury bonds (which have maturities of more than ten years when issued). Treasury securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States as to timely payments of interest and repayments of principal. Similar to other issuers, changes to

 

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the financial condition or credit rating of a government may cause the value of the Fund’s direct or indirect investment in Treasury obligations to decline.

The Fund can also buy or gain exposure to U.S. Treasury securities whose interest coupons have been “stripped” by a Federal Reserve Bank, zero-coupon U.S. Treasury securities described below and Treasury Inflation-Protection Securities (“TIPS”). The U.S. Treasury securities called “TIPS” are designed to provide an investment that is not vulnerable to inflation. The interest rate paid by TIPS is fixed. The principal value rises or falls semi-annually based on changes in the published Consumer Price Index. If inflation occurs, the principal and interest payments on TIPS are adjusted to protect investors from inflationary loss. If deflation occurs, the principal and interest payments will be adjusted downward, although the principal will not fall below its face amount at maturity.

Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond will be considered taxable ordinary income, even though investors do not receive their principal until maturity.

Borrowing. The Fund may borrow for investment purposes from a bank in compliance with Section 18(f)(1) of the 1940 Act. The Fund may borrow up to 3313% of its total assets. The Fund will borrow only if the value of the Fund’s assets, including borrowings, is equal to at least 300% of all borrowings, including the proposed borrowing. If at any time the Fund should fail to meet this 300% coverage requirement, within three days thereafter (not including Sundays and holidays) or such longer period as the Commission may prescribe by rules and regulations, the Fund will reduce the amount of its borrowings to an extent that the asset coverage of such borrowings shall be at least 300%. To do so, or to meet obligations under maturing bank loans, the Fund may be required to dispose of portfolio securities when such disposition might not otherwise be desirable. Borrowing money involves transaction and interest costs that are borne by the Fund. The Fund may pay a commitment fee or other fees to maintain a line of credit, and will pay interest on amounts it borrows. The Fund may borrow money from banks or other lenders for temporary purposes in an amount not to exceed 5% of the Fund’s assets. Such temporary borrowings are not subject to the asset coverage requirements discussed above in connection with the Fund’s borrowings for investment purposes.

In addition to borrowing money from a bank, the Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls, derivatives and other transactions that can be viewed as forms of borrowings. To the extent required, if a transaction causes the Fund to have an obligation to another party it will either: (1) enter an offsetting (“covered”) position for the same type of financial asset; (2) segregate cash or liquid securities with a value sufficient at all times to cover its potential obligations not covered; or (3) treat such obligation as a senior security under Section 18 of the 1940 Act. To the extent that such instruments are covered, or if the Fund has segregated assets in respect of its obligations under such instruments, they will not be considered “senior securities” under the 1940 Act and, therefore, will not be subject to the 300% asset coverage requirement otherwise applicable to senior securities issued by the Fund.

Portfolio Turnover. The annual portfolio turnover rate of the Fund may exceed 100%. A mutual fund with a high turnover rate (100% or more) may generate more capital gains, including short-term capital gains, which are taxable as ordinary income when distributed to shareholders, and pay more commissions (which may reduce return) than a fund with a lower rate. Capital gains distributions (which reduce the after-tax returns of shareholders holding Fund shares in taxable accounts) will be made to shareholders if offsetting capital loss carryforwards do not exist.

Changes to the Fund’s Investment Policies. The Fund’s investment objective and policies may be changed without shareholder approval unless an objective or policy is identified in the prospectus or in the Statement of Additional Information as “fundamental.” The Fund has adopted an 80% investment policy under Rule 35d-1 under the 1940 Act and will not change such policy as it is stated in the Fund Summary unless the Fund provides shareholders with 60 days prior written notice as required by Rule 35d-1, as it may be amended or interpreted by the Commission from time to time. Please see the Fund’s 80% investment policy in the “Fund Summary” above.

 

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Temporary Defensive Positions. During unusual market conditions, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash or cash equivalents temporarily, which may be inconsistent with its investment objective and other policies. The Fund might not use all of the strategies and techniques or invest in all of the types of securities described in this prospectus or the Statement of Additional Information. While at times the Fund may use alternative investment strategies in an effort to limit its losses, it may choose not to do so. The Fund may also invest in cash or cash equivalents pending investment in other securities or to maintain liquidity for the payment of redemptions or other purposes. To the extent the Fund makes temporary or defensive investments in cash or cash equivalents, it might not achieve its investment objective.

More Information Regarding the Risks of Investing

Before investing or allocating shares of the Fund to a client’s account, investors should carefully consider the Fund’s risks and investment objectives, as an investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors or clients and is not designed to be a complete investment program. An investment in the Fund involves a high degree of risk. It is possible that investing in the Fund may result in a loss of some or all of the amount invested. Before making an investment/allocation decision, investors should (i) consider the suitability of this investment with respect to an investor’s or a client’s investment objectives and individual situation and (ii) consider factors such as an investor’s or a client’s net worth, income, age and risk tolerance. Investment should be avoided where an investor/client has a short-term investing horizon and/or cannot bear the loss of some or all of the investment.

The Fund may be subject to the principal risks noted below. As with any mutual fund, there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. You could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments.

Derivatives Risk. The Fund may invest in a variety of derivative contracts, but typically expects to enter into put options and futures contracts. The use of derivatives involves risks that are in addition to, and potentially greater than, the risks of investing directly in securities and other more traditional assets. Derivatives are financial contracts the value of which depends on, or is derived from, the underlying security or other reference asset. Derivatives involve the risk that changes in their value may not move as expected relative to changes in the value of the underlying reference asset they are designed to track. The Fund may invest in derivatives to generate income from premiums, for investment purposes and for hedging and risk management purposes. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment option, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. Certain of the Fund’s derivative positions involve the risk that, if the volatility of the underlying investments is greater than expected, the Fund will bear losses to the extent of its obligations under the relevant derivative contracts, which may not be outweighed by the amount of any premiums received for the sale of such derivative instruments. See the Statement of Additional Information for additional information of the various types and uses of derivatives in the Fund’s strategies.

During periods of market disruptions or stress, the Fund may have a greater need for cash to provide collateral for large swings in its mark-to-market obligations under the derivatives in which it has invested.

Derivatives also present other risks described herein, including market risk, illiquidity risk and counterparty risk. Many derivatives are complex and their valuation often requires modeling and judgment, which increases the risk of mispricing or improper valuation. Incorrect valuations may result in increased cash payments to counterparties, undercollateralization and/or errors in the calculation of the Fund’s NAV.

The Fund’s use of derivatives may not be effective or have the desired results. For example, the Fund will lose money on its option selling strategy to the extent that the difference between the strike price and the market value of the underlying index at the time the option is exercised exceeds the option premium received. This may happen when the value of the underlying equity index moves in an unexpected direction or to an unanticipated degree. Moreover, suitable derivatives will not be available in all circumstances. The Adviser may also not be

 

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successful in reducing the Fund’s risk exposures through hedging, whether by purchasing options or through the use of other derivatives, potentially resulting in losses for the Fund.

Many derivatives have embedded leverage (i.e., a notional value in excess of the assets needed to establish and/or maintain the derivative position). Derivatives in which the Fund may invest (e.g., options and futures contracts) may have embedded leverage, depending on their specific terms. As a result, adverse changes in the value or level of the underlying investment may result in a loss substantially greater than the amount invested in the derivative itself (see “Leverage Risk” below).

The Commission has proposed a new Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act that would place significant limits on the use of derivatives and other senior securities by registered investment companies, such as the Fund. If the rule were to take effect in the form proposed, it could require the Fund to alter its investment strategy.

The Fund’s use of derivatives may be subject to special tax rules, which are in some cases uncertain under current law and could affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders. See “Distributions and Federal Income Tax Matters” below.

Specific risks involved in the use of certain types of derivatives in which the Fund may invest include:

Options Risk. A decision as to whether, when, and how to use options involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived and well-executed options program may be adversely affected by market behavior or unexpected events. Successful options strategies may require the anticipation of future movements in securities prices or other economic factors of the underlying investments. No assurances can be given that the Adviser’s judgment in this respect will be correct.

The market price of written options will be affected by many factors, including changes in the market price or other economic attributes of the underlying investment; changes in the realized or perceived volatility of the relevant market and underlying investment; and the time remaining before an option’s expiration.

The market price of options may be adversely affected if the market for the options becomes less liquid or smaller. The Fund may close out a written option position by buying the option instead of letting it expire or be exercised. There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist when the Fund seeks to close out an option position by buying or selling the option. Reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary market on an exchange include the following: (i) there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; (ii) restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; (iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options; (iv) unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange; (v) the facilities of an exchange or clearinghouse may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading volume; or (vi) a regulator or one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options) at some future date. If trading were discontinued, the secondary market on that exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist.

The Fund’s options positions will be marked to market on each day that the Fund strikes its NAV. The Fund’s options transactions will be subject to limitations established by each of the exchanges, boards of trade or other trading facilities on which such options are traded. These limitations govern the maximum number of options in each class that may be written or purchased by a single investor or group of investors acting in concert, regardless of whether the options are written or purchased on the same or different exchanges, boards of trade or other trading facilities or are held or written in one or more accounts or through one or more brokers. Thus, the number of options that the Fund may sell or purchase may be affected by options sold or purchased by other investment advisory clients of the Adviser. An exchange, board of trade or other trading facility may order the liquidation of positions found to be in excess of these limits, and may impose certain other sanctions.

 

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When the Fund writes (sells) an option, it faces the risk that it will experience a loss if the option purchaser exercises the option sold by the Fund. Options writing can cause the Fund’s share price to be highly volatile, and it may be subject to sudden and substantial losses.

Put Option Risk. The purchaser of an index put option has the right to receive a cash payment equal to any depreciation in the value of the index below the strike price of the put option as of the valuation date of the option. Because their exercise is settled in cash, sellers of index put options such as the Fund cannot cover their potential settlement obligations by selling short the underlying securities. As the writer of index put options, the Fund will be responsible, during the option’s life, for any decreases in the value of the index below the strike price of the put option. When an index put option is exercised, the Fund will be required to deliver an amount of cash determined by the excess of the strike price of the option over the value of the index at contract termination. While the risk of selling put options may be mitigated by the Fund’s purchase of options at a lower strike price (thereby capping the maximum loss potential) there can be no assurance that options with the same strike price and maturity will be available to allow the Fund to close out (buy back) its written options. Accordingly, the potential losses from writing index put options can be substantial. Similarly, when the Fund purchases put options, there can be no assurance that options with the same strike price and maturity will be available to allow the Fund to close out (sell out of) its purchased options, which may prevent the Fund from locking in a gain on the purchased option by exiting the position.

Futures Risk. A purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses in excess of the amount invested in the futures contract. There can be no guarantee that there will be a correlation between price movements in the futures contracts and in the securities or index positions underlying them. Futures exchanges may limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in certain futures contract prices during a single trading day. Once the daily limit has been reached in a futures contract subject to the limit, no more trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movements during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses because the limit may work to prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist at a time when the Fund seeks to close out a futures contract, and the Fund would remain obligated to meet margin requirements until the position is closed.

Counterparty Risk. The Fund’s use of derivatives exposes it to the risk that the counterparties (i.e., the Fund’s FCMs) will be unable or unwilling to make timely settlement payments or otherwise honor their obligations. If the counterparty defaults, the Fund will still have contractual remedies but may not be able to enforce them. The Fund may invest in derivatives with a limited number of counterparties, and events affecting the creditworthiness of any of those counterparties may have a pronounced effect on the Fund.

Margin Risk. When the Fund enters into derivatives transactions, it is typically required to post collateral, or “initial margin,” to secure its payment or delivery obligations. The Fund then pays or receives margin periodically during the term of the derivative depending on changes in value of the derivative. The Fund may post margin directly to a broker or FCM, which will typically re-hypothecate that margin to a clearinghouse or another broker or FCM. In the case of a broker who is not an FCM, any posting of margin directly to that broker must be specifically approved by the Board. Prior to re-hypothecation, margin so posted may be held in commingled accounts with margin from other clients of that broker or FCM. The margin maintained by these brokers and FCMs is not subject to the regulatory protections provided by bank custody arrangements commonly employed by investment companies. If margin posted to a broker or FCM is re-hypothecated, neither the Fund nor the broker or FCM, as applicable, will have possession of the margin. Margin posted by the Fund to a broker or FCM is exposed to the credit risk and fraud risk of that broker or FCM. There is generally no limit on the amount of margin that the Fund may post directly to a single broker or FCM or to all brokers and FCMs, and the Fund typically posts a significant portion of its assets in this manner. As a result, at any time the Fund may have substantial credit exposure to one or more brokers and/or FCMs. In the event

 

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of the insolvency or liquidation of a broker or FCM to whom the Fund has posted collateral, the Fund is likely to experience substantial delays in recovering its margin, or it may not be able to recover it at all. Any inability or unwillingness of a broker or FCM to meet its obligation to return margin to the Fund, including by reason of insolvency or liquidation, or any improper activity involving such broker or FCM would likely result in a substantial loss to the Fund.

Management and Operational Risk; Cyber-Security Risk. The Fund is subject to management risk because it relies on the Adviser’s ability to achieve its investment objective. The Fund runs the risk that the Adviser’s investment techniques will fail to produce desired results and cause the Fund to incur significant losses. The Adviser may fail to use derivatives effectively, may select investments that do not perform as anticipated by the Adviser and may choose to hedge or not to hedge positions at disadvantageous times.

Any imperfections, errors or limitations in quantitative analyses and models used by the Adviser as part of its investment process could affect the Fund’s performance. Models that appear to explain prior market data can fail to predict future market events. Further, the data used in models may be inaccurate or may not include the most recent information about a company or a security.

The Fund also is subject to the risk of loss as a result of other services provided by the Adviser and other service providers, including pricing, administrative, accounting, tax, legal, custody, transfer agency and other services. Operational risk includes the possibility of loss caused by inadequate procedures and controls, human error and cyber attacks, disruptions and failures affecting, or by, a service provider. For example, trading delays or errors (both human and systematic) could prevent the Fund from benefiting from potential investment gains or avoiding losses.

The Fund and its service providers’ use of internet, technology and information systems may expose the Fund to potential risks linked to cyber-security breaches of those technological or information systems. Cyber-security breaches could allow unauthorized parties to gain access to proprietary information, customer data or Fund assets, or cause the Fund or its service providers to suffer data corruption or lose operational functionality. With the increased use of technologies and the dependence on computer systems to perform necessary business functions, investment companies (such as the Fund) and their service providers (including the Adviser) may be prone to operational and information security risks resulting from cyber attacks and/or other technological malfunctions. In general, cyber attacks are deliberate, but unintentional events may have similar effects. Cyber attacks include, among others, stealing or corrupting data maintained online or digitally, preventing legitimate users from accessing information or services on a website, releasing confidential information without authorization and causing operational disruption. Successful cyber attacks against, or security breakdowns of, the Fund, the Adviser, or the custodian, transfer agent, or other third-party service provider may adversely affect the Fund or its shareholders. For instance, cyber attacks may interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, affect the Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV, cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential Fund information, impede trading, cause reputational damage, result in theft of Fund assets, and subject the Fund to regulatory fines, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and additional compliance costs. Similar types of cyber-security risks are also present for the Fund’s derivatives counterparties, which could result in material adverse consequences for such counterparties, and may cause the Fund’s investment in such derivatives to lose value. While the Adviser has established business continuity plans and systems designed to prevent cyber attacks, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified.

Illiquidity Risk. Illiquidity risk is the risk that the investments held by the Fund may be difficult or impossible to sell at the time that the Fund would like without significantly changing the market value of the investment. There can be no assurance that a liquid market for the Fund’s investments will be maintained, in which case the Fund’s ability to realize full value in the event of the need to liquidate certain assets may be impaired and/or result in losses to the Fund. The Fund may be unable to sell its investments, even under circumstances when the Adviser believes it would be in the best interests of the Fund to do so. Illiquid investments may also be difficult to value and their pricing may be more volatile than more liquid investments, which could adversely affect the price at

 

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which the Fund is able to sell such instruments. Illiquid investments may involve greater risk than liquid investments. Illiquidity risk also may be greater in times of financial stress. The risks associated with illiquid instruments may be particularly acute in situations in which the Fund’s operations require cash (such as in connection with redemptions) and could result in the Fund borrowing to meet its short-term needs or incurring losses on the sale of illiquid instruments.

Leverage Risk. The Fund may obtain financing to make investments (i.e., to purchase additional portfolio investments) and may obtain leverage through derivative instruments that afford the Fund economic leverage. The Fund may also borrow to meet redemption requests and to address cash flow timing mismatches. Therefore, the Fund is subject to leverage risk. Leverage magnifies the Fund’s exposure to declines in the value of one or more underlying investments or creates investment risk with respect to a larger pool of assets than the Fund would otherwise have and may be considered a speculative technique. The value of an investment in the Fund will be more volatile and other risks tend to be compounded if and to the extent that the Fund borrows or uses derivatives or other investments that have embedded leverage. Engaging in such transactions may cause the Fund to liquidate positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements.

The Fund’s borrowings, which typically would be in the form of loans from banks, may be on a secured or unsecured basis and at fixed or variable rates of interest. Borrowing will also cost the Fund interest expense and other fees and the cost of borrowing or fluctuations in interest rates, if applicable, may reduce the Fund’s return. The Fund’s ability to obtain leverage through borrowings is dependent upon its ability to establish and maintain an appropriate line of credit. Market conditions may unfavorably impact the Fund’s ability to secure borrowings on terms as favorable as more established borrowers in the market, or to borrow on commercially feasible terms.

Market Risk. Because the Fund enters into derivatives contracts relating to equity indices, the Fund is exposed to fluctuations in the value of the underlying index. Market risk is the risk that the value of equity and other securities (including equity securities that make up an index on which the Fund writes options) to which the Fund is exposed will fall due to general market or economic conditions; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; currency, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations; perceptions regarding the industries in which the issuers participate and the particular circumstances and performance of the issuers. Market conditions may affect certain types of equity securities, and therefore certain indices, to a greater extent than other types. Although equity indices have historically generated higher average returns than debt indices over the long term, equity indices also have experienced significantly more volatility in returns. Equity securities that are constituents of equity indices to which the Fund will be exposed are structurally subordinated to bonds and other debt instruments in a company’s capital structure, in terms of priority to corporate income, and, therefore, will be subject to greater dividend risk than debt instruments of such issuers. If the value of securities (including securities that make up equity indices underlying derivatives contracts entered into by the Fund) to which the Fund is exposed decreases, the performance of the Fund will be negatively impacted, and your investment in the Fund may lose money.

Government Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in U.S. Treasury securities, which differ in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance. Although U.S. Treasury securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, they are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and principal when held to maturity and the market prices for such securities will fluctuate. Notwithstanding that these securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, circumstances could arise that would prevent the payment of interest or principal. This would result in losses to the Fund. As a result of their high credit quality and market liquidity, U.S. Treasury securities generally provide a lower current return than obligations of other issuers.

Money Market Instruments. The Fund may invest in money market instruments, which are U.S. dollar-denominated, high-quality, short-term debt obligations, to provide liquidity, for temporary defensive purposes or for other purposes. Money market instruments may have fixed, variable or floating interest rates. Examples of money market instruments include obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government (or any of its

 

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agencies or instrumentalities); bank obligations, such as time deposits, certificates of deposit and bankers’ acceptances; commercial paper; and variable amount master demand notes.

Temporary Defensive and Interim Investments. For temporary defensive purposes in times of adverse or unstable market, economic or political conditions, the Fund can invest up to 100% of its assets in investments that may be inconsistent with its principal investment strategies. Generally, the Fund would invest in money market instruments or in other short-term U.S. government securities. The Fund might also hold these types of securities as interim investments pending the investment of proceeds from the sale of its shares or the sale of its portfolio securities or to meet anticipated redemptions of its shares. To the extent the Fund invests in these securities, it might not achieve its investment objective.

Portfolio Turnover. A change in the securities held by a fund is known as “portfolio turnover.” The Fund may engage in active and frequent trading to try to achieve its investment objective and may have a portfolio turnover rate of over 100% annually. If the Fund realizes capital gains when it sells investments, it generally must pay those gains to shareholders, increasing its taxable distributions including distributions of short-term capital gain, which are taxable as ordinary income to shareholders. Due to the Fund’s options strategies, a substantial portion of the Fund’s income could consist of short-term capital gains. Increased portfolio turnover may also result in higher brokerage fees or other transaction costs, which can reduce the Fund’s performance. Portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor should the Adviser deem it advisable to purchase or sell securities.

Focused Investment Risk. To the extent that the Fund focuses its exposures in asset classes, sectors, industries, regions, companies or issuers that are subject to the same or similar risks, the Fund will be subject to greater overall risk than if the Fund’s exposures were less focused. To the extent the Fund focuses its exposures in a specific asset class, sector or industry, it will be exposed to events affecting that asset class, sector or industry. Asset classes, sectors, industries, companies or issuers with similar characteristics are often subject to many of the same risks and/or regulatory regimes and often respond in a similar manner to particular economic, market, political or other development. Similarly, to the extent the Fund has exposure to a significant extent in investments tied economically to a specific geographic region or a particular market, it will have more exposure to regional economic risks than it would if it had more geographically diverse investments.

Tax Risk. The Fund intends to qualify for treatment as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under Subchapter M of Chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). In order to qualify for such treatment, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from qualifying income, meet certain asset diversification tests at the end of each fiscal quarter and distribute at least 90% of its investment company taxable income. The Fund’s investment strategy will potentially be limited by its intention to qualify for treatment as a RIC. The tax treatment of certain of the Fund’s investments under one or more of the qualification or distribution tests applicable to RICs is not certain. An adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS or a change in law might affect the Fund’s ability to qualify for such treatment.

If, in any year, the Fund were to fail to qualify for treatment as a RIC under the Code for any reason, and were not able to cure such failure, the Fund would be treated as a “C corporation” and, as such, would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. In addition, such failure by an Underlying Fund in which a Master Fund invests would bear adversely on the Master Fund’s qualification as a RIC.

Expense Risk. Your actual costs of investing in the Fund may be higher than the expenses shown in “Annual Fund Operating Expenses” for a variety of reasons. For example, expense ratios may be higher than those shown if overall net assets decrease. The Fund has an expense limitation agreement, which generally remains in effect for a period of one year, and mitigates this risk. However, there is no assurance that the Adviser will renew such expense limitation agreement from year-to-year.

 

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Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings

A description of the Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of its portfolio holdings is available in the Statement of Additional Information. The holdings of the Fund are also disclosed quarterly in filings with the Commission on Form N-PORT as of the end of the first and third quarters of the Fund’s fiscal year and on Form N-CSR as of the second and fourth quarters of the Fund’s fiscal year. You can find the Commission filings on the Commission’s website, www.sec.gov.

MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION

Investment Adviser

Stone Ridge Asset Management LLC (“Stone Ridge” or the “Adviser”) is the Fund’s investment adviser. The Adviser was organized as a Delaware limited liability company in 2012. Its primary place of business is at 510 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor, New York, NY 10022. The Adviser’s primary business is to provide a variety of investment management services, including an investment program for the Fund. The Adviser is responsible for all business activities and oversight of the investment decisions made for the Fund. As of December 31, 2019, the Adviser’s assets under management were approximately $13.6 billion.

In return for providing management services to the Fund, the Fund pays the Adviser an annual fee.

For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019, the Fund paid 1.23% of its average daily net assets to the Adviser, after taking into account its contractual fee waiver/expense reimbursement.

Effective October 28, 2019, the investment advisory contract between Stone Ridge Trust, on behalf of the Fund, and the Adviser was amended and restated to reduce the management fee to 0.50% of the Fund’s average daily net assets.

A discussion regarding the basis of the Board’s approval of the investment advisory contract between Stone Ridge Trust, on behalf of the Fund, and the Adviser, is available in the Fund’s annual report to shareholders for the fiscal year ended October  31, 2019.

Portfolio Managers

Nathaniel Conrad

Nathaniel Conrad, Portfolio Manager of the Fund, is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund and its investments jointly with Mr. Song and Mr. Steere. Prior to joining Stone Ridge in 2016, Mr. Conrad worked at Goldman Sachs, where he began his career, as the senior trader in Interest Rates Electronic Trading. Mr. Conrad received his BSE in Computer Information Science from the University of Pennsylvania’s Engineering School.

Li Song

Li Song, Portfolio Manager of the Fund, is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund and its investments jointly with Mr. Conrad and Mr. Steere. Prior to joining Stone Ridge in 2018, Mr. Song worked at Goldman Sachs as a senior strategist in Emerging Markets foreign exchange, interest rate, options, and credit products. Mr. Song received his PhD, M.Phil., and M.A. in Statistics from Columbia University and his B.S. in Mathematics at the University of Science and Technology of China.

Allen Steere

Allen Steere, Portfolio Manager of the Fund, is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund and its investments jointly with Mr. Conrad and Mr. Song. Prior to joining Stone Ridge in 2015, Mr. Steere was a single stock equity derivatives trader at BNP Paribas from 2009 to 2015. Mr. Steere received his BS in Psychology from Ohio Wesleyan University.

 

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Adviser’s Investment Committee

The Adviser has established an Investment Committee (the “Committee”), which oversees the investment policies and strategies of the Adviser and monitors risk within the funds advised by the Adviser, including the Fund.

The members of the Committee, and their professional background and experience, are as follows:

Daniel Fleder. Mr. Fleder joined Stone Ridge in 2016. Mr. Fleder is the Chair of the Committee and serves as Head of Markets and Head of Risk at Stone Ridge. Mr. Fleder was previously Head of Variance Risk Premium at Stone Ridge. Mr. Fleder received his PhD in Operations Research and MS in Statistics from the University of Pennsylvania (Wharton) and BSE in Engineering from the University of Pennsylvania (Engineering School).

Robert Gutmann. Mr. Gutmann is a co-founder of Stone Ridge. Mr. Gutmann has held a variety of leadership roles at Stone Ridge, including Head of Product Development and Execution and his current role as Head of Digital Asset Strategies. Mr. Gutmann received his B.A. in Mathematics and Music from Columbia University.

Ross Stevens. Mr. Stevens founded Stone Ridge in 2012, and serves as Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Stevens received his PhD in Finance and Statistics from the University of Chicago (Booth) and his BSE in Finance from the University of Pennsylvania (Wharton).

Yan Zhao. Ms. Zhao is a co-founder of Stone Ridge. Ms. Zhao has held a variety of leadership roles at Stone Ridge, including Head of Reinsurance and her current role as Head of Flourish. Ms. Zhao holds an MBA from Harvard Business School and a BA in Economics from Harvard University.

Additional Information Regarding the Adviser and Portfolio Managers

The Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about the Adviser, including information about potential conflicts of interest that the Adviser may face in managing the Fund, and about each Portfolio Manager’s compensation, other accounts managed by each Portfolio Manager, and each Portfolio Manager’s ownership of securities in the Fund. The Statement of Additional Information is part of this prospectus and is available free of charge by calling (855) 609-3680 or at www.stoneridgefunds.com. The information (other than this prospectus, including the Statement of Additional Information) contained on, or that can be accessed through, www.stoneridgefunds.com is not part of this prospectus or the Statement of Additional Information.

Distributor and Transfer Agent

ALPS Distributors, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203 is the Fund’s distributor (the “Distributor”). U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, doing business as U.S. Bank Global Fund Services, 615 East Michigan Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202 is the Fund’s transfer agent (the “Transfer Agent”), administrator (the “Administrator”) and accounting agent. The Adviser pays fees to the Distributor as compensation for the services it renders. The Fund compensates the Transfer Agent for its services.

SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

Fund Closings

The Fund may close at any time to new investments and, during such closings, only the reinvestment of dividends by existing shareholders will be permitted. The Fund may re-open to new investment and subsequently close again to new investment at any time at the discretion of the Adviser.

How Fund Share Prices Are Calculated

The net asset value (“NAV”) per share of the Fund’s Class I shares and Class M shares is determined by dividing the total value of the applicable class’s proportionate interest in the Fund’s portfolio investments, cash and other

 

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assets, less any liabilities (including accrued expenses or dividends) allocable to that class, by the total number of shares of that class outstanding. While the assets of each of Class I shares and Class M shares are invested in a single portfolio of securities, the NAV of each respective Class will differ because each of Class I shares and Class M shares have different expenses. The Fund’s shares are valued as of a particular time (the “Valuation Time”) on each day that the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) opens for business.1 The Valuation Time is ordinarily at the close of regular trading on the NYSE (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time). In unusual circumstances, the Valuation Time may be at a time other than 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, for example, in the event of an earlier, unscheduled close or halt of trading on the NYSE. Current net asset values per share of the Fund’s classes may be obtained by contacting the Transfer Agent by telephone at (855) 609-3680.

In accordance with the regulations governing registered investment companies, the Fund’s transactions in portfolio securities and purchases and sales of Fund shares (which bear upon the number of Fund shares outstanding) are generally not reflected in the NAV determined for the business day on which the transactions are effected (the trade date), but rather on the following business day.

The board of trustees of Stone Ridge Trust (the “Board”) has approved procedures pursuant to which the Fund values its investments (the “Valuation Procedures”). The Board has established an Adviser Valuation Committee made up of employees of the Adviser to which the Board has delegated responsibility for overseeing the implementation of the Valuation Procedures and fair value determinations made on behalf of the Board.

Listed below is a summary of certain of the methods generally used currently to value investments of the Fund under the Valuation Procedures:

Short-term debt instruments, such as commercial paper, bankers’ acceptances and U.S. Treasury Bills, having a maturity of 60 days or less, are generally valued at amortized cost.

Other debt securities, including corporate and government debt securities and municipal debt securities in each case having a remaining maturity in excess of 60 days, loans, mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations and other asset-backed securities are valued by an independent pricing service at an evaluated (or estimated) mean between the closing bid and asked prices.

For investments in open-end management companies that are registered under the 1940 Act, the value of the shares of such funds is calculated based upon the net asset value per share of such funds. The prospectuses for such funds explain the circumstances under which they will use fair value pricing and its effects.

Equity securities are valued at the last sale, official close or if there are no reported sales at the mean between the bid and asked price on the primary exchange on which they are traded.

Exchange-traded derivatives, such as options and futures contracts, are valued at the settlement price on the exchange or mean of the bid and asked prices.

If market quotations are not readily available or available market quotations or other information are deemed to be unreliable by the Adviser Valuation Committee, and if the valuation of the applicable instrument is not covered by the valuation methods described above or if the valuation methods are described above, but such methods are deemed unreliable by the Adviser Valuation Committee, then such instruments will be valued as determined in good faith by the Adviser Valuation Committee. In these circumstances, the Fund determines fair value in a manner that seeks to reflect the market value of the security on the valuation date based on consideration by the Adviser Valuation Committee of any information or factors it deems appropriate. For

 

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The NYSE is generally open from Monday through Friday, 9:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., Eastern time. NYSE, NYSE Arca, NYSE Bonds and NYSE Arca Options markets will generally close on, and in observation of the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Washington’s Birthday, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day.

 

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purposes of determining the fair value of securities, the Adviser Valuation Committee may generally consider, without limitation: (i) indications or quotes from brokers or other third-party sources, (ii) valuations provided by a third-party pricing agent, (iii) internal models that take into consideration different factors determined to be relevant by the Adviser or (iv) any combination of the above.

Fair value pricing may require subjective determinations about the value of a portfolio instrument. Fair values may differ from quoted or published prices, or from prices that are used by others, for the same investments. Also, the use of fair value pricing may not always result in adjustments to the prices of securities or other assets or liabilities held by the Fund. It is possible that the fair value determined for a security may be materially different than the value that could be realized upon the sale of such security. Thus, fair valuation may have an unintended dilutive or accretive effect on the value of shareholders’ investments in the Fund.

Substantially all of the Fund’s investments are U.S. dollar denominated investments. Investments initially valued in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted to U.S. dollars using exchange rates obtained from pricing services. As a result, the NAV of the Fund’s shares may be affected by changes in the value of currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar. International markets are sometimes open on days when U.S. markets are closed, which means that the value of foreign securities owned by the Fund could change on days when Fund shares cannot be bought or sold. The value of investments traded in markets outside the U.S. or denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar may be affected significantly on a day that the NYSE is closed, and the NAV of Fund shares may change on days when an investor is not able to purchase, redeem or exchange shares. The calculation of the Fund’s NAV may not take place contemporaneously with the determination of the prices of foreign securities used in NAV calculations.

INVESTING IN THE FUND

The Fund offers two classes of shares — Class I shares and Class M shares. This prospectus describes the Class I shares and Class M shares of the Fund.

Eligibility to Buy Class I Shares and Class M Shares

Shares of the Fund generally may be sold only to U.S. citizens, U.S. residents, and U.S. domestic corporations, partnerships, trusts or estates. The Fund reserves the right to refuse any request to purchase shares. Each Class of shares is subject to the investment minimums described below.

Investment Minimums

Class I Shares

The minimum initial account size is $500,000.

Class M Shares

The minimum initial account size is $2,500.

These minimums may be modified and/or applied in the aggregate for certain intermediaries that submit trades on behalf of underlying investors (e.g., registered investment advisers or benefit plans). Differences in the policies of different intermediaries may include different minimum investment amounts. There is no minimum for subsequent investments.

Other Policies

No Certificates

The issuance of shares is recorded electronically on the books of the Fund. You will receive a confirmation of, or account statement reflecting, each new transaction in your account, which will also show the total number of

 

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shares of the Fund you own. You can rely on these statements in lieu of certificates. The Fund does not issue certificates representing shares of the Fund.

Involuntary Redemptions

The Fund reserves the right to redeem an account if the value of the shares in the Fund is $1,000 or less for any reason, including market fluctuation. Before the Fund redeems such shares and sends the proceeds to the shareholder, it will notify the shareholder that the value of the shares in the account is less than the minimum amount and will allow the shareholder 60 days to make an additional investment in an amount that will increase the value of the account(s) to the minimum amount specified above before the redemption is processed. As a sale of your Fund shares, this redemption may have tax consequences.

In addition, the Fund reserves the right under certain circumstances to redeem all or a portion of an account, without consent of or other action by the shareholder.

HOW TO BUY CLASS I SHARES AND CLASS M SHARES

How to Buy Shares

The Fund has authorized the Transfer Agent and Distributor to receive orders on its behalf, and the Distributor has authorized select intermediaries to receive orders on behalf of the Fund. These intermediaries may be authorized to designate other intermediaries to receive orders on the Fund’s behalf. The Fund is deemed to have received an order when the Transfer Agent, the Distributor, an intermediary, or if applicable, an intermediary’s authorized designee, receives the order in good order. Investors who invest in the Fund through an intermediary should contact their intermediary regarding purchase procedures. Investors may be charged a fee if they effect transactions through an intermediary.

Investors may purchase the Fund’s Class I shares and Class M shares directly from the Transfer Agent by calling (855) 609-3680.

All investors must complete and submit the necessary account registration forms in good order. The Fund reserves the right to reject any initial or additional investment and to suspend the offering of shares.

Purchase through a financial intermediary does not affect these eligibility requirements or those set out in “Investing in the Fund,” above.

A purchase of the Fund’s Class I shares and Class M shares will be made at the NAV per share next determined following receipt of a purchase order in good order by the Fund, the Transfer Agent, the Distributor, an intermediary or an intermediary’s authorized designee if received at a time when the Fund is open to new investments. A purchase, exchange or redemption order is in “good order” when the Fund, the Transfer Agent, the Distributor, an intermediary or, if applicable, an intermediary’s authorized designee, receives all required information, including properly completed and signed documents, and the purchase order is approved by the Adviser. Once the Fund (or one of its authorized agents described above) accepts a purchase order, you may not cancel or revoke it; however, you may redeem the shares. The Fund may withhold redemption proceeds until it is reasonably satisfied it has received your payment. The Fund reserves the right to cancel any purchase or exchange order it receives if the Fund believes that it is in the best interest of the Fund’s shareholders to do so.

Clients of investment advisory organizations or other organizations with authority to act on behalf of the investor may also be subject to investment advisory and other fees under their own arrangements with such organizations.

Customer Identification Program

To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person that opens a new account and to determine whether such person’s name appears on government lists of known or suspected terrorists and terrorist organizations.

 

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In compliance with the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, please note that the Transfer Agent or authorized intermediary will verify certain information upon account opening as part of Stone Ridge Trust’s Anti-Money Laundering Program. You will be asked to supply certain required information, such as your full name, date of birth, social security number and permanent street address. If you are opening the account in the name of a legal entity (e.g., partnership, limited liability company, business trust, corporation, etc.), you must also supply the identity of the beneficial owners. Mailing addresses containing only a P.O. Box may not be accepted.

If the identity of a customer cannot be verified, the account will be rejected or the customer will not be allowed to perform a transaction on the account until the customer’s identity is verified. The Fund may also reserve the right to close the account within 5 business days if clarifying information/documentation is not received. If your account is closed for this reason, your shares will be redeemed at the NAV next calculated after the account is closed.

The Fund and its agents will not be responsible for any loss in an investor’s account resulting from the investor’s delay in providing all required identifying information or from closing an account and redeeming an investor’s shares when an investor’s identity is not verified.

The Fund may be required to “freeze” your account if there appears to be suspicious activity or if account information matches information on a government list of known terrorists or other suspicious persons.

HOW TO REDEEM CLASS I SHARES AND CLASS M SHARES

Investors who invest in the Fund through an intermediary should contact their intermediary regarding redemption procedures. The Fund is deemed to have received a redemption order when the Transfer Agent, the Distributor, an authorized intermediary, or if applicable, an intermediary’s authorized designee, receives the redemption order in good order. Investors holding Fund shares directly through the Transfer Agent who desire to redeem shares of the Fund should contact the Transfer Agent at (855) 609-3680. A redemption of the Fund’s shares will be made at the NAV per share next determined following receipt of a written redemption order in good order by the Fund, the Transfer Agent, the Distributor, an intermediary or an intermediary’s authorized designee.

The redemption of all shares in an account will result in the account being closed. A new Account Registration Form will be required for future investments. See “How to Buy Class I Shares and Class  M Shares” above. Certificates for shares are not issued.

Payments of Redemption Proceeds

Redemption orders are valued at the NAV per share next determined after the shares are properly tendered for redemption, as described above. Payment for shares redeemed generally will be made within seven days after receipt of a valid request for redemption. The Fund may temporarily stop redeeming shares or delay payment of redemption proceeds when the NYSE is closed or trading on the NYSE is restricted, when an emergency exists and the Fund cannot sell shares or accurately determine the value of assets, or if the Commission orders the Fund to suspend redemptions or delay payment of redemption proceeds.

At various times, the Fund may be requested to redeem shares for which it has not yet received good payment. If this is the case, the forwarding of proceeds may be delayed until payment has been collected for the purchase of the shares. The delay may last 7 days or more. The Fund intends to forward the redemption proceeds as soon as good payment for purchase orders has been received. This delay may be avoided if shares are purchased by wire transfer. Although the Fund generally intends to pay cash for all shares redeemed using cash held by the Fund or generated by the Fund through selling cash equivalents, selling investments, or using overdraft provisions or lines of credit, the Fund reserves the right, under certain circumstances (such as stressed market conditions), to make a redemption payment, in whole or in part, in portfolio securities that have a market value at the time of redemption equal to the redemption price. In cases where the Fund uses assets other than cash for redemption payments, the value of the non-cash assets is determined as of the redemption date; consequently, as a result of changes in market prices, the value of those assets when received by the redeeming shareholder may be lower or

 

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higher than their value as of the redemption date. Investors may incur brokerage charges or other transaction costs selling securities that were received in payment of redemptions.

You can arrange for cash proceeds of a redemption to be sent by wire transfer to a single previously designated bank account if you have given authorization for expedited wire redemption on your Account Application. This redemption option does not apply to shares held in broker “street name” accounts. If a request for a wire redemption is received by the Fund prior to the close of the NYSE, the shares will be redeemed that day at the next determined NAV, and the proceeds will generally be sent to the designated bank account the next business day. The bank must be a member of the Federal Reserve wire system. Delivery of the proceeds of a wire redemption request may be delayed by the Fund for up to seven days if deemed appropriate under then current market conditions. Redeeming shareholders will be notified if a delay in transmitting proceeds is anticipated. The Fund cannot be responsible for the efficiency of the Federal Reserve wire system or the shareholder’s bank. You are responsible for any charges imposed by your bank. The Fund reserves the right to terminate the wire redemption privilege. To change the name of the single bank account designated to receive wire redemption proceeds, you must send a written request with a signature guarantee to the Fund, c/o U.S. Bank Global Fund Services, 615 East Michigan Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202, or contact your financial intermediary.

Signature guarantees can be obtained from domestic banks, brokers, dealers, credit unions, national securities exchanges, registered securities associations, clearing agencies and savings associations, as well as from participants in the New York Stock Exchange Medallion Signature Program and the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program, but not from a notary public.

The Fund and/or the Transfer Agent or your financial intermediary reserve the right to require a signature guarantee in other instances based on the circumstances.

Dividend Reinvestment Plan

Dividends and capital gains distributions are treated in accordance with the instructions on your account opening form, and either are automatically reinvested, without sales charges, or are distributed to you in cash. Your taxable income is the same regardless of which option you choose. As long as you hold Fund shares, you may change your election to participate in the dividend reinvestment plan by notifying the Transfer Agent or your financial intermediary, as applicable.

For further information about dividend reinvestment, contact the Transfer Agent by telephone at (855) 609-3680 or contact your financial intermediary.

Distributions and Federal Income Tax Matters

It is the Fund’s policy to make distributions at least annually of all or substantially all of its net investment income and net realized capital gains, if any. If you elect to reinvest distributions, your distributions will be reinvested in additional shares of the same share class of the Fund at the NAV calculated as of the payment date. The Fund will pay distributions on a per-share basis. As a result, on the ex-dividend date of such a payment, the NAV of the Fund will be reduced by the amount of the payment.

This section summarizes some of the important U.S. federal income tax consequences of investing in the Fund. This discussion does not address all aspects of taxation that may apply to shareholders or to specific types of shareholders such as tax-deferred retirement plans and persons who are not “U.S. persons” within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). You should consult your tax adviser for information concerning the possible application of federal, state, local or non-U.S. tax laws to you. Please see the Statement of Additional Information for additional information regarding the tax aspects of investing in the Fund.

The Fund has elected and intends to qualify each year to be treated as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of Chapter 1 of the Code. A RIC generally is not subject to federal income tax at the fund level on income and gains that are timely distributed to shareholders. To qualify for treatment as a RIC, the Fund must meet certain income, asset diversification and distribution requirements.

 

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The Fund’s investment strategy will potentially be limited by its intention to qualify for treatment as a RIC. The tax treatment of certain of the Fund’s investments under one or more of the qualification or distribution tests applicable to RICs is not certain. An adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS or a change in law might affect the Fund’s ability to qualify for such treatment. Failure of the Fund to qualify and be eligible to be treated as a RIC would result in Fund-level taxation and, consequently, a reduced return on your investment. The Fund could in some cases cure such failure, including by paying the Fund-level tax or interest, making additional distributions or disposing of certain assets.

The Fund’s investments in options and other derivatives may increase or accelerate the Fund’s recognition of gain and may affect the timing, amount or character of the Fund’s distributions.

For federal income tax purposes, distributions of net investment income are generally taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. The tax treatment of Fund distributions of capital gains is determined by how long the Fund owned (or is deemed to have owned) the investments that generated them, rather than how long you owned your shares. Distributions of net capital gains (the excess of the Fund’s net long-term capital gains over its net short-term capital losses) that are properly reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends (“Capital Gain Dividends”) will be taxable as long-term capital gains, which are taxed to non-corporate shareholders at reduced rates. Distributions of net gains from the sale or deemed disposition of investments that the Fund held or is treated as having held for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. Due to the Fund’s options strategies, a substantial portion of the Fund’s income could consist of short-term capital gains. Distributions of the Fund’s short-term capital gains will not constitute qualified dividend income and will not qualify for the dividends-received deduction, and shareholders will not be able to offset distributions of the Fund’s net short-term capital gains against capital losses that they recognize with respect to their other investments.

Distributions of investment income properly reported by the Fund as derived from “qualified dividend income,” if any, will be taxed in the hands of individuals at the rates applicable to long-term capital gains; provided, that certain holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and Fund level.

If, in and with respect to any taxable year, the Fund makes a distribution to a shareholder in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess distribution will be treated as return of capital to the extent of such shareholder’s tax basis in its shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholder’s tax basis in its shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares.

A dividend will be treated as paid on December 31 of the current calendar year if it is declared by the Fund in October, November or December with a record date in such a month and paid by the Fund during January of the following calendar year.

Distributions are taxable to you even if they are paid from income or gains earned by the Fund prior to your investment (and thus were included in the price you paid for your shares). For example, if you purchase shares on or just before the record date of the Fund distribution, you will pay full price for the shares and could receive a portion of your investment back as a taxable distribution. In general, you will be taxed on the distributions you receive from the Fund, whether you receive them as additional shares or in cash.

Early each year, we will send you a statement showing the tax status of your dividends and distributions for the prior year.

Any gain or loss resulting from the sale or exchange of your shares in the Fund generally will be treated as capital gain or loss for federal income tax purposes, which will be long-term or short-term depending on how long you have held your shares.

A 3.8% Medicare contribution tax is imposed on the “net investment income” of certain individuals, estates and trusts to the extent their income exceeds certain threshold amounts. Net investment income generally includes dividends, interest and net gains from the disposition of investment property (including the Fund’s ordinary

 

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income dividends, Capital Gain Dividends and capital gains recognized on the sale, redemption or exchange of Fund shares). Shareholders should consult their tax advisers regarding the effect, if any, that this provision may have on their investment in the Fund.

In general, dividends (other than Capital Gain Dividends) paid by the Fund to a person who is not a “U.S. person” within the meaning of the Code (a “foreign shareholder”) are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate). However, the Code provides a withholding tax exemption, if the Fund so elects, for certain interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends paid to foreign shareholders.

Sections 1471-1474 of the Code and the U.S. Treasury Regulations and IRS guidance issued thereunder (collectively, “FATCA”) generally require the Fund to obtain information sufficient to identify the status of each of its shareholders under FATCA or under an applicable intergovernmental agreement (an “IGA”). If a shareholder fails to provide this information or otherwise fails to comply with FATCA or an IGA, the Fund or its agent may be required to withhold under FATCA 30% of ordinary dividends the Fund pays to that shareholder. If a payment by the Fund is subject to FATCA withholding, the Fund or its agent is required to withhold even if such payment would otherwise be exempt from withholding under the rules applicable to non-U.S. shareholders. The IRS and the Department of Treasury have issued proposed regulations providing that the gross proceeds of share redemptions or exchanges and Capital Gain Dividends the Fund pays will not be subject to FATCA withholding. Each prospective shareholder is urged to consult its tax adviser regarding the applicability of FATCA and any other reporting requirements with respect to the prospective shareholder’s own situation, including investments through an intermediary. In addition, foreign countries have implemented or are considering, and may implement, laws similar in purpose and scope to FATCA, as more fully described above.

The discussion above is very general. Please consult your tax adviser about the effect that an investment in the Fund could have on your own tax situation, including possible foreign, federal, state, or local tax consequences, or about any other tax questions you may have.

Frequent Purchases and Sales of Fund Shares

The Fund does not permit market timing or other abusive trading practices. The Fund reserves the right, but does not have the obligation, to reject any purchase or exchange transaction at any time. In addition, the Fund reserves the right to suspend its offering of shares or to impose restrictions on purchases or exchanges at any time that are more restrictive than those that are otherwise stated in this prospectus with respect to disruptive, excessive or short-term trading. Shareholders will be notified of the Fund’s intention to restrict exchanges of shares pursuant to its policies and procedures designed to deter frequent purchases and redemptions at least 60 days in advance of such action.

Excessive short-term trading or other abusive trading practices may disrupt portfolio management strategies, increase brokerage and administrative costs and hurt Fund performance. The Fund’s management team has established procedures to mitigate these risks. See “How Fund Share Prices Are Calculated” above.

The Fund does not accommodate frequent purchases and redemptions of the Fund’s shares by the Fund’s shareholders. The Board has adopted policies and procedures designed to deter frequent purchases and redemptions. To minimize the negative effect of frequent purchases and redemptions on the Fund and its shareholders, the Fund’s management team reserves the right to reject, in its sole discretion, any purchase order from any investor it believes has a history of abusive trading or whose trading, in its judgment, has been or may be disruptive to the Fund. If the Fund detects that an investor has made two “material round trips” in any period (as determined by the Adviser), it will generally reject the investor’s future buy orders, including exchange buy orders, involving the Fund. For these purposes, a “round trip” is a purchase or exchange into the Fund followed by a sale or exchange out of the Fund. A “material” round trip is one that is deemed by the Fund to be material in terms of its amount or its potential detrimental impact on the Fund. Independent of this limit, the Fund may, in its discretion, reject future buy orders by any person, group or account that appears to have engaged in any type of

 

17


excessive trading activity. These limits generally do not apply to automated transactions or transactions by registered investment companies that invest in the Fund using a “fund of funds” structure. These limits do not apply to payroll deduction contributions by retirement plan participants, transactions initiated by a retirement plan sponsor or certain other retirement plan transactions consisting of rollover transactions, loan repayments and disbursements and required minimum distribution redemptions. They may be modified or rescinded for accounts held by certain retirement plans to conform to plan limits, for considerations relating to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 or regulations of the Department of Labor, and for certain asset allocation or wrap programs. In making this judgment, accounts known to be under common ownership or control generally will be counted together, but accounts maintained or managed by a common entity generally will not be considered to be under common ownership or control. The Fund retains the right to modify these restrictions at any time without prior notice to shareholders.

On a periodic basis, the Adviser will review transaction history reports and will identify redemptions that are within a specific time period from a previous purchase in the same account(s) in the Fund, or in multiple accounts that are known to be under common control. Redemptions meeting these criteria will be investigated for possible inappropriate trading.

Certain accounts, and omnibus and other multi-investor accounts (together, “Omnibus Accounts”) in particular, include multiple investors and typically provide the Fund with a net purchase or redemption request on any given day. In these cases, purchases and redemptions of Fund shares are netted against one another and the identity of individual purchasers and redeemers whose orders are aggregated may not be known by the Fund. Therefore, it becomes more difficult for the Fund’s management team to identify market timing or other abusive trading activities in these accounts, and the Fund’s management team may be unable to eliminate abusive traders in these accounts from the Fund. Identification of abusive traders may further be impaired by limitations of the operational systems and other technical issues. Whenever abusive or disruptive trading is identified, the Fund’s management team will encourage omnibus account holders to address such trading activity directly.

The Fund, the Adviser or their designees will have the ability, pursuant to Rule 22c-2 under the 1940 Act, to request information from intermediaries, such as 401(k) plan administrators, trust companies and broker dealers, concerning trades placed in Omnibus Accounts, in order to attempt to monitor trades that are placed by the underlying shareholders of these Omnibus Accounts.

Due to the complexity and subjectivity involved in identifying market timing and other abusive trading practices, there can be no assurance that the Fund’s efforts will identify all market timing or abusive trading activities. Therefore, investors should not assume that the Fund will be able to detect or prevent all practices that may place the Fund at a disadvantage.

DISTRIBUTION ARRANGEMENTS

Distribution Plan

Financial intermediaries may provide varying investment products, programs, platforms and accounts through which investors may purchase and sell shares. Class M shares of the Fund pay Rule 12b-1 fees to compensate such financial intermediaries in connection with (i) personal and account maintenance services rendered to Class M shareholders, including but not limited to electronic processing of client orders, electronic fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s Transfer Agent, facilitation of electronic delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations, maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and liaison services as the Fund or the Adviser may reasonably request (fees for such services, “servicing fees”) and/or (ii) activities or expenses primarily intended to result in the sale of Class M shares (fees for such services, if any, “distribution fees”). The Fund does not believe that any portion of fees currently paid to financial intermediaries are distribution fees.

 

18


Servicing fees and distribution fees may be paid pursuant to a Distribution Plan (“12b-1 Plan”) adopted by the Fund with respect to its Class M shares, at the maximum annual rate of 0.15% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class M. These fees are paid out of the Fund’s Class M shares’ assets on an ongoing basis and may be administered or facilitated by the Distributor. Because Rule 12b-1 fees are paid out of the Fund’s Class M shares’ assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than other types of sales charges. The Adviser performs certain services and incurs certain expenses through its employees who are registered representatives of a broker-dealer with respect to the promotion of the Fund’s Class M shares and the Adviser also performs certain services in connection with the servicing of shareholders. If amounts remain from the Rule 12b-1 fees after the intermediaries have been paid, such amounts may be used to compensate the Adviser for the services it provides and for the expenses it bears. The Distributor does not retain any portion of the distribution fees. To the extent that there are expenses associated with shareholder services that exceed the amounts payable pursuant to the 12b-1 Plan, the Class M shares of the Fund will bear such expenses.

 

19


FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

The financial highlights in the following tables are intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance for the fiscal period indicated. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The total return in the tables represents the rate that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has been derived from the financial statements audited by Ernst & Young, LLP, whose report, along with the Fund’s financial statements, are included in the annual report, which is available upon request.

Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund — Class I

 

    Year Ended
October 31,
2019
      Year Ended
October 31,
2018
      Year Ended
October 31,
2017
      Year Ended
October 31,
2016
      Year Ended
October 31,
2015
PER SHARE DATA:                            
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period     $ 9.82       $ 11.49       $ 10.58       $ 10.89       $ 10.50
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:                            

Net Investment Income/(Loss)(1)

      0.08                 (0.08 )         (0.12 )         (0.14 )

Net Realized and Unrealized Gains

      0.64         (0.18 )         1.45         0.40         0.79
   

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

 

Total from Investment Operations

      0.72         (0.18 )         1.37         0.28         0.65
   

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

 
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS:                            

Net Investment Income

      (0.08 )                                

Net Realized Gains

      (0.01 )         (1.49 )         (0.46 )         (0.59 )         (0.26 )

Tax Return of Capital

                                     
   

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

 

Total Distributions

      (0.09 )         (1.49 )         (0.46 )         (0.59 )         (0.26 )
   

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

 
Net Asset Value, End of Period     $ 10.45       $ 9.82       $ 11.49       $ 10.58       $ 10.89
   

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

 
TOTAL RETURN(2)       7.40 %         (2.04 )%         13.34 %         2.75 %         6.33 %
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA AND RATIOS:                            
Net Assets, End of Period (000’s)     $ 147,559       $ 192,725       $ 301,447       $ 311,317       $ 285,403
Ratio of Expenses to Average Net Assets:                            

Before Expense Reimbursement/Recoupment

      1.70 %         1.58 %         1.55 %         1.46 %(3)         1.54 %

After Expense Reimbursement/Recoupment

      1.70 %         1.60 %         1.53 %         N/A         N/A
Ratio of Net Investment Income (Loss) to Average Net Assets:                            

Before Expense Reimbursement/Recoupment

      0.78 %         (0.01 )%         (0.84 )%         (1.12 )%(3)         (1.28 )%

After Expense Reimbursement/Recoupment

      0.78 %         (0.03 )%         (0.82 )%         N/A         N/A
Portfolio Turnover Rate       0.00 %         0.00 %         0.00 %         6.12 %         10.14 %

 

(1)

Net investment loss per share has been calculated based on average shares outstanding during the period.

(2)

Total Return represents the rate that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions).

(3)

Includes borrowing and investment-related expenses not covered by the Fund’s expense limitation agreement.

 

20


Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund — Class M

 

    Year Ended
October 31,
2019
      Year Ended
October 31,
2018
      Year Ended
October 31,
2017
      Year Ended
October 31,
2016
      Year Ended
October 31,
2015
PER SHARE DATA:                            
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period     $ 9.72       $ 11.40       $ 10.52       $ 10.84       $ 10.47
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS:                            

Net Investment Loss(1)

      0.06         (0.02 )         (0.10 )         (0.13 )         (0.15 )

Net Realized and Unrealized Gains

      0.64         (0.17 )         1.44         0.40         0.78
   

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

 

Total from Investment Operations

      0.70         (0.19 )         1.34         0.27         0.63
   

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

 
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS:                            

Net Investment Income

      (0.06 )                                

Net Realized Gains

      (0.01 )         (1.49 )         (0.46 )         (0.59 )         (0.26 )

Tax Return of Capital

                                     
   

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

 

Total Distributions

      (0.07 )         (1.49 )         (0.46 )         (0.59 )         (0.26 )
   

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

 
Net Asset Value, End of Period     $ 10.35       $ 9.72       $ 11.40       $ 10.52       $ 10.84
   

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

       

 

 

 
TOTAL RETURN(2)       7.24 %         (2.16 )%         13.13 %         2.67 %         6.15 %
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA AND RATIOS:                            
Net Assets, End of Period (000’s)     $ 12,903       $ 21,534       $ 51,341       $ 67,909       $ 93,347
Ratio of Expenses to Average Net Assets:                            

Before Expense Reimbursement/Recoupment

      1.87 %         1.73 %         1.68 %         1.61 %(3)         1.69 %

After Expense Reimbursement/Recoupment

      1.86 %         1.75 %         1.67 %         N/A         N/A
Ratio of Net Investment Income (Loss) to Average Net Assets:                            

Before Expense Reimbursement/Recoupment

      0.63 %         (0.19 )%         (0.98 )%         (1.27 )%(3)         (1.43 )%

After Expense Reimbursement/Recoupment

      0.64 %         (0.21 )%         (0.97 )%         N/A         N/A
Portfolio Turnover Rate       0.00 %         0.00 %         0.00 %         6.12 %         10.14 %

 

(1)

Net investment loss per share has been calculated based on average shares outstanding during the period.

(2)

Total Return represents the rate that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions).

(3)

Includes borrowing and investment-related expenses not covered by the Fund’s expense limitation agreement.

 

21


STONE RIDGE’S PRIVACY NOTICE1

Stone Ridge’s Commitment to Its Customers2

Stone Ridge recognizes and respects the privacy expectation of each of its customers. Stone Ridge believes that the confidentiality and protection of its customers’ non-public personal information is one of its fundamental responsibilities. This means, most importantly, that Stone Ridge does not sell customers’ non-public personal information to any third parties. Stone Ridge uses its customers’ non-public personal information primarily to complete financial transactions that its customers request or to make its customers aware of other financial products and services offered by a Stone Ridge affiliated company.

Information Stone Ridge Collects About Its Customers

Stone Ridge collects non-public personal information about its customers from the following sources:

 

   

Account Applications and Other Forms, which may include a customer’s name and address, social security number or tax identification number, total assets, income and accounts at other institutions;

 

   

Account History, which may include information about the transactions and balances in accounts with Stone Ridge; and

 

   

Correspondence, which may include written, telephonic or electronic communications.

How Stone Ridge Handles Its Customers’ Personal Information

As emphasized above, Stone Ridge does not sell non-public personal information about current or former customers to third parties. Below are the details of circumstances in which Stone Ridge may disclose non-public personal information to third parties:

 

   

In order to complete certain transactions or account changes that a customer directs, it may be necessary to provide certain non-public personal information about that customer to companies, individuals or groups that are not affiliated with Stone Ridge. For example, if a customer asks Stone Ridge to transfer assets from another financial institution, Stone Ridge will need to provide certain non-public personal information about that customer to the company to complete the transaction.

 

   

In order to alert a customer to other financial products and services that a Stone Ridge affiliated company offers, Stone Ridge may share non-public personal information it has about that customer with a Stone Ridge affiliated company.

 

   

In certain instances, Stone Ridge may contract with non-affiliated companies to perform services for or on behalf of Stone Ridge. Where necessary, Stone Ridge will disclose non-public personal information it has about its customers to these third parties. In all such cases, Stone Ridge will provide the third party with only the information necessary to carry out its assigned responsibilities and only for that purpose. In addition, Stone Ridge requires these third parties to treat Stone Ridge customers’ non-public information with the same high degree of confidentiality that Stone Ridge does.

 

   

Finally, Stone Ridge will release non-public information about customers if directed by that customer to do so or if Stone Ridge is authorized by law to do so.

 

1 

Provided by Stone Ridge Asset Management LLC, Stone Ridge Trust, Stone Ridge Trust II, Stone Ridge Trust III, Stone Ridge Trust IV, Stone Ridge Trust V, Stone Ridge Trust VI and Stone Residential Real Estate Income Fund I, Inc.

2 

For purposes of this notice, the term “customer” or “customers” includes both individuals who have investments with a Stone Ridge-affiliated company and individuals who have provided non-public personal information to a Stone Ridge affiliated company, but did not invest with a Stone Ridge affiliated company.

 

22


How Stone Ridge Safeguards Its Customers’ Personal Information

Stone Ridge restricts access to information about customers to its employees and to third parties, as described above. Stone Ridge maintains physical, electronic and procedural safeguards reasonably designed to protect the confidentiality of its customers’ non-public personal information.

Keeping Its Customers Informed

As required by federal law, Stone Ridge will notify customers of Stone Ridge’s Privacy Policy annually. Stone Ridge reserves the right to modify this policy at any time, but in the event that there is a change, Stone Ridge will promptly inform its customers of that change.

 

23


USEFUL SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

Trust. Stone Ridge Trust consists of seven series. The series are investment portfolios of Stone Ridge Trust, an open-end series management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust.

Shareholder Reports. Annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders provide additional information about the Fund’s investments. These reports include financial statements, a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance, as well as the auditors’ report (in the annual report only).

Statement of Additional Information. The Statement of Additional Information provides more detailed information about the Fund. It is incorporated by reference into (and is legally a part of) this combined prospectus.

How to Obtain Additional Information.

 

 

You can obtain shareholder reports or the Statement of Additional Information (without charge), make inquiries or request other information about the Fund by contacting the Transfer Agent at (855) 609-3680, writing the Fund at Stone Ridge Trust, c/o U.S. Bank Global Fund Services, 615 East Michigan Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202, visiting the Fund’s website at www.stoneridgefunds.com or calling your financial intermediary.

 

 

You may review and copy information about the Fund, including reports and other information about the Fund, on the EDGAR Database on the Commission’s website at www.sec.gov. You may get copies of this information, with payment of a duplication fee, by electronic request at the following E-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov. You may need to refer to the Fund’s file number.

If someone makes a statement about the Fund that is not in this prospectus, you should not rely upon that information. Neither the Fund nor the Distributor is offering to sell shares of the Fund to any person to whom the Fund may not lawfully sell its shares.

How to Reach Stone Ridge Trust

Please send all requests for information or transactions to:

Stone Ridge Trust

c/o U.S. Bank Global Fund Services

615 East Michigan Street

Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202

You may contact us by telephone at (855) 609-3680.

You can also visit our website at:

www.stoneridgefunds.com

Distributor

ALPS Distributors, Inc.

1290 Broadway, Suite 1100

Denver, Colorado 80203

Investment Adviser

Stone Ridge Asset Management LLC

510 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor

New York, NY 10022

Investment Company Act File Number: 811-22761


STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

STONE RIDGE TRUST

STONE RIDGE U.S. HEDGED EQUITY FUND

 

Class I    VRLIX
Class M    VRLMX

March 1, 2020

 

 

510 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor

New York, NY 10022

(855) 609-3680

 

 

Stone Ridge Trust consists of seven funds, including Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund (the “Fund”). Additional Stone Ridge Trust funds are offered in separate prospectuses and statements of additional information.

The Fund is an investment portfolio of Stone Ridge Trust, an open-end series management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust.

This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is not a prospectus and is only authorized for distribution when preceded or accompanied by the Fund’s current prospectus dated March 1, 2020, as supplemented from time to time (the “Prospectus”). This SAI supplements and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus. The audited financial statements and notes thereto in the Fund’s Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal period ended on October 31, 2019, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on January 9, 2020 (File No. 811-22761) (the “Annual Report”), are incorporated into this SAI by reference. The financial statements included in the Annual Report have been audited by Ernst & Young, LLP, whose report thereon is also incorporated herein by reference. No other parts of the Annual Report are incorporated by reference herein. Copies of the Prospectus and/or Annual Report may be obtained without charge by writing the Fund at the address, or by calling the toll-free telephone number, listed above.


STONE RIDGE TRUST

STONE RIDGE U.S. HEDGED EQUITY FUND

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

    Page  
ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT INFORMATION, RISKS AND RESTRICTIONS     1  
 
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS     17  
 
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND     18  
 
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES     22  
 
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES     23  
 
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES     24  
 
TAX STATUS     31  
 
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE     43  
 
DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST     44  
 
PURCHASES AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES     45  
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS     46  
 
APPENDIX A     A-1  
 
APPENDIX B     B-1  


ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT INFORMATION, RISKS AND RESTRICTIONS

The Prospectus discusses the investment objective of the Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund (the “Fund”), as well as the principal investment strategies it employs to achieve its objective and the principal investment risks associated with those strategies.

There is no assurance that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved. Additionally, because the Fund’s investment objective has been adopted as a non-fundamental investment policy, the Fund’s investment objective may be changed without a vote of shareholders.

Additional information about the strategies and other investment practices the Fund may employ and certain related risks of the Fund are described below. The Fund is a diversified investment portfolio of Stone Ridge Trust (the “Trust”), an open-end series management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust on September 28, 2012. Prior to October 28, 2019, the Fund’s name was the Stone Ridge U.S. Large Cap Variance Risk Premium Fund. On October 28, 2019, (i) the Stone Ridge U.S. Small Cap Variance Risk Premium Fund and the Stone Ridge International Developed Markets Variance Risk Premium Fund were reorganized with and into the Fund, (ii) each of the Stone Ridge U.S. Variance Risk Premium Master Fund and the Stone Ridge Global Equity Variance Risk Premium Master Fund were liquidated, with investors receiving a distribution consisting of shares of the Fund and cash in connection with such liquidations, and (iii) the Fund changed its name to Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund. Capitalized terms used in this SAI and not otherwise defined have the meanings given to them in the Prospectus.

Additional Investment Information and Risks

Additional Information Regarding Derivatives. In addition to the derivatives transactions described in the Prospectus, the Fund may also enter into derivatives contracts with respect to any security or other instrument in which it is permitted to invest or with respect to any related security, instrument or index (“reference instruments” or “reference securities”). The Fund may enter into a variety of derivative contracts, but typically expects to enter into put options and futures contracts. This universe of investments is subject to change under varying market conditions and as these instruments evolve over time. The Fund’s derivatives contracts may be centrally cleared or settled bilaterally directly with a counterparty. The Fund’s derivatives contracts may be cash settled or physically settled.

The derivatives contracts the Fund may enter into involve substantial risk. Derivatives typically allow the Fund to seek to increase or decrease the level of risk to which it is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. The Fund incurs costs in connection with opening and closing derivatives positions.

The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the reference instrument, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Fund’s exposure to the reference instrument and magnifies potential losses. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market, thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior, unexpected events or the Adviser’s failure to use derivatives effectively. Derivative instruments may be difficult to value, may be illiquid and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the reference instrument.

Set forth below are examples of types of derivatives in which the Fund may invest:

Options Generally. The Fund writes (sells) and purchases put options on reference instruments, including equity indices. The premium, the exercise price and the market value of the applicable underlying instrument together will determine the gain or loss realized by the Fund as the seller of the option.

 

1


The value of options may be adversely affected if the market for such options becomes less liquid or smaller. The Fund’s ability to close out its position as a seller or purchaser of an exchange listed put option (“put”) is dependent, in part, upon the liquidity of the option market. An exchange-traded option position may be closed out only on a market that provides secondary trading for options of the same series, and there is no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular option. The Fund might experience losses if it could not close out a position because of an illiquid market for the option.

The hours of trading for options may not conform to the hours during which the underlying instruments are traded. To the extent that the options markets close before the markets for the underlying instruments, significant price and rate movements can take place in the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in the options markets. Options are marked to market daily and their value will be affected by changes in the value of the underlying securities, changes in the dividend rates of the underlying securities, an increase in interest rates, changes in the actual or perceived volatility of the stock market and the underlying instruments and the remaining time to the options’ expiration. Additionally, the exercise price of an option may be adjusted downward before the option’s expiration as a result of the occurrence of certain corporate or other events affecting the underlying instrument, such as extraordinary dividends, stock splits, merger or other extraordinary distributions or events. A reduction in the exercise price of an option would reduce the Fund’s capital appreciation potential on the underlying instrument.

The Fund could pay a brokerage commission each time it buys or sells a put. Those commissions could be higher on a relative basis than the commissions for direct purchases or sales of the underlying investments. Premiums paid for options are small in relation to the market value of the underlying investments. Consequently, put options offer large amounts of leverage. The leverage offered by trading in options could result in the Fund’s net asset value being more sensitive to changes in the value of the underlying investment.

As a result of the Fund’s option strategy and the possibility of leverage arising from the Fund’s use of certain types of derivatives, the derivatives risk (described further above) will be significant in the Fund.

Put Options. The Fund can buy and sell exchange-traded puts, including index options. The Fund’s options transactions potentially will result in a substantial portion of the Fund’s income consisting of short-term capital gains, which are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income when distributed to them. An option position may be closed out only on a market that provides secondary trading for options of the same series, and there is no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular option. The Fund might experience losses if it could not close out a position because of an illiquid market for the future or option.

 

   

Writing Put Options. The Fund may write (that is, sell) put options. A put option gives the purchaser the right to sell, and the writer the obligation to buy, the underlying investment at the exercise price during the option period.

The premium the Fund receives from writing a put option represents a profit, as long as the price of the underlying investment remains equal to or above the exercise price. However, the Fund also assumes the obligation during the option period to buy the underlying investment from the buyer of the put option at the exercise price if the value of the investment falls below the exercise price.

If a put option the Fund has written expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a gain in the amount of the premium, less the transaction costs incurred. If the put option is exercised, the Fund must fulfill its obligation to pay the option purchaser an amount equal to the difference between the exercise price and market value of the underlying index. The Fund will incur a loss upon the exercise of the put option to the extent that the premium received (less the Fund’s transaction costs) is less than the difference between the exercise price and the market value of the underlying index at the time the put option is exercised.

 

2


As long as the Fund’s obligation as the put option writer continues, it may be assigned an exercise notice by the broker-dealer through which the put option was sold. That notice will require the Fund to take delivery of the underlying security and pay the exercise price. The Fund has no control over when it may be required to purchase the underlying security, since it may be assigned an exercise notice at any time prior to the termination of its obligation as the writer of the put option. That obligation terminates upon expiration of the put option. It may also terminate if, before it receives an exercise notice, the Fund effects a closing purchase transaction by purchasing a put option of the same series as it sold. Once the Fund has been assigned an exercise notice, it cannot effect a closing purchase transaction.

The Fund may decide to effect a closing purchase transaction to realize a profit on an outstanding put option it has written or to prevent the underlying security from being put. Effecting a closing purchase transaction will also permit the Fund to write another put option on the security, or to sell the security and use the proceeds from the sale for other investments. The Fund will realize a profit or loss from a closing purchase transaction depending on whether the net of the amount of the option transaction costs and the premium received on the put option the Fund wrote is more or less than the price of the put option the Fund purchases to close out the transaction.

 

   

Purchasing Put Options. The Fund can buy put options on equity indices, which are settled in cash. Gain or loss depends on the change in market value of the index in question (and thus on price movements in the securities market generally). When the Fund purchases a put option, it pays a premium. The Fund benefits only if it sells the put option at a profit or if, during the exercise period, the difference between the exercise price and the market value of the underlying index exceeds the sum of the premium paid plus the transaction costs and the Fund exercises the put option. If the market price of the underlying investment is above the exercise price and, as a result, the put option is not exercised, the put option will become worthless on its expiration date.

Futures. The Fund may buy and sell futures contracts, including futures contracts on equity indices (“stock index futures”). The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts and options are imperfect correlation, liquidity, unanticipated market movement and counterparty risk.

A broadly-based stock index is used as the basis for trading stock index futures. They may in some cases be based on equity securities of issuers in a particular industry or group of industries. A stock index assigns relative values to the securities included in the index and its value fluctuates in response to the changes in value of the underlying securities. A stock index cannot be purchased or sold directly. These contracts obligate the seller to deliver, and the purchaser to take, cash to settle the futures transaction. There is no delivery made of the underlying securities to settle the futures obligation. Either party may also settle the transaction by entering into an offsetting contract.

No money is paid or received by the Fund on the purchase or sale of a future. Upon entering into a futures transaction, the Fund will be required to deposit an initial margin payment with the futures commission merchant (the “FCM”). Initial margin payments will generally be deposited directly with the FCM. As the future is marked to market (that is, its value on the Fund’s books is changed to reflect changes in its market value), subsequent margin payments, called variation margin, will be paid to or by the FCM daily.

At any time prior to expiration of the future, the Fund may elect to close out its position by taking an opposite position, at which time a final determination of variation margin is made and any additional cash must be paid by or released to that Fund. All futures transactions (except forward contracts) are effected through a clearinghouse associated with the exchange on which the contracts are traded.

Hedging with Derivatives — Risks. Although it is not obligated to do so, the Fund can use derivatives to hedge. The Fund can use hedging to attempt to protect against declines in the market value of that Fund’s portfolio, to permit the Fund to retain unrealized gains in the value of portfolio securities that have

 

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appreciated or to facilitate selling securities for investment reasons. The Fund can use hedging to establish a portfolio position as a temporary substitute for purchasing particular securities. In that case, the Fund would normally seek to purchase the securities and then terminate that hedging position. The Fund might also use this type of hedge to attempt to protect against the possibility that its portfolio securities would not be fully included in a rise in value of the market.

The Fund can use derivatives to hedge by taking or long or short positions in the underlying securities, related securities or other derivatives positions. To gain long investment exposure, the Fund may invest in securities directly. To gain short investment exposure, the Fund may use derivatives (including futures) and make short sales, including short sales of assets the Fund does not own. Some of the hedging strategies the Fund can use are described below. The Fund may use additional hedging strategies as discussed elsewhere in this SAI, and it may employ new hedging strategies when they are developed, if those investment methods are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and are permissible under applicable regulations governing the Fund.

The use of hedging strategies requires special skills and knowledge of investment techniques that are different than what is required for normal portfolio management. If the Adviser uses a hedging strategy at the wrong time or judges market conditions incorrectly, hedging strategies may reduce the Fund’s return. The Fund could also experience losses if the prices of its hedging positions were not correlated with its other investments.

There is a risk in using short hedging by selling futures, or purchasing put options on broadly-based indices or futures to attempt to protect against declines in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities. The risk is that the prices of the futures or the value of the applicable index will correlate imperfectly with the behavior of the cash prices of the Fund’s securities. For example, it is possible that while the Fund has used derivative instruments in a short hedge, the market may advance and the value of the securities held in the Fund’s portfolio might decline. If that occurred, the Fund would lose money on the derivative instruments and also experience a decline in the value of its portfolio securities. If the Fund has used derivatives to hedge or otherwise reduce the Fund’s risk exposure to a particular position and then disposes of that position at a time at which it cannot also settle, terminate or close out the corresponding hedge position, this may create short investment exposure. Certain “short” derivative positions involve investment leverage, and the amount of the Fund’s potential loss is theoretically unlimited.

The risk of imperfect correlation increases as the composition of the Fund’s portfolio diverges from the securities included in the applicable index. To compensate for the imperfect correlation of movements in the price of the portfolio securities being hedged and movements in the price of the hedging instruments, the Fund might use derivative instruments in a greater dollar amount than the dollar amount of portfolio securities being hedged. It might do so if the historical volatility of the prices of the portfolio securities being hedged is more than the historical volatility of the applicable index.

The ordinary spreads between prices in the cash and futures markets are subject to distortions, due to differences in the nature of those markets. First, all participants in the futures market are subject to margin deposit and maintenance requirements. Rather than meeting additional margin deposit requirements, investors may close futures contracts through offsetting transactions which could distort the normal relationship between the cash and futures markets. Second, the liquidity of the futures market depends on participants entering into offsetting transactions rather than making or taking delivery. To the extent participants decide to make or take delivery, liquidity in the futures market could be reduced, thus producing distortion. Third, from the point of view of speculators, the deposit requirements in the futures market are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities markets. Therefore, increased participation by speculators in the futures market may cause temporary price distortions.

The Fund can use derivative instruments to establish a position in the securities markets as a temporary substitute for the purchase of individual securities (long hedging) by buying futures. It is possible that when

 

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the Fund does so the market might decline. If the Fund then concludes not to invest in securities because of concerns that the market might decline further or for other reasons, the Fund will realize a loss on the hedge position that is not offset by a reduction in the price of the securities purchased.

Additional Information Regarding Derivatives Counterparty Risk. The Fund is exposed to the credit risk of the counterparties with which, or the brokers, dealers and exchanges through which, it deals in derivatives, whether it engages in exchange traded or off-exchange transactions. If the Fund’s FCM becomes bankrupt or insolvent, or otherwise defaults on its obligations to the Fund, the Fund may not receive all amounts owed to it in respect of its trading, despite the clearinghouse fully discharging all of its obligations. The Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”) requires an FCM to segregate all funds received from its customers with respect to cleared derivatives transactions from such FCM’s proprietary funds.

If an FCM were not to do so to the full extent required by law, the assets of an account might not be fully protected in the event of the bankruptcy of an FCM. Furthermore, in the event of an FCM’s bankruptcy, the Fund would be limited to recovering only a pro rata share of all available funds segregated on behalf of an FCM’s combined customer accounts, even though certain property specifically traceable to the Fund (for example, U.S. Treasury bills deposited by the Fund) may be held by the FCM. FCM bankruptcies have occurred in which customers were unable to recover from the FCM’s estate the full amount of their funds owed and on deposit with such FCM. Such situations could arise due to various factors, or a combination of factors, including inadequate FCM capitalization, inadequate controls on customer trading and inadequate customer capital. In addition, an FCM will generally provide the clearinghouse the net amount of variation margin required for cleared swaps for all of its customers in the aggregate, rather than individually for each customer. The Fund is, therefore, subject to the risk that a clearinghouse will not make variation margin payments owed to the Fund if another customer of the clearing member has suffered a loss and is in default. The Fund may also be subject to the risk that it will be required to provide additional variation margin to the clearinghouse before the clearinghouse will move the Fund’s cleared derivatives transactions to another clearing member. Furthermore, in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a clearinghouse, the Fund might experience a loss of funds deposited through its FCM as margin with the clearinghouse, a loss of unrealized profits on its open positions and the loss of funds owed to it as realized profits on closed positions. Such a bankruptcy or insolvency might also cause a substantial delay before the Fund could obtain the return of funds owed to it by an FCM who was a member of such clearinghouse.

Because bilateral derivative transactions are traded between counterparties based on contractual relationships, the Fund is subject to the risk that a counterparty will not perform its obligations under the related contracts. There can be no assurance that a counterparty will not default and that the Fund will not sustain a loss on a transaction as a result. In situations where the Fund is required to post margin or other collateral with a counterparty, the counterparty may fail to segregate the collateral or may commingle the collateral with the counterparty’s own assets. As a result, in the event of the counterparty’s bankruptcy or insolvency, the Fund’s collateral may be subject to the conflicting claims of the counterparty’s creditors, and the Fund may be exposed to the risk of a court treating the Fund as a general unsecured creditor of the counterparty, rather than as the owner of the collateral.

The Fund is subject to the risk that issuers of the Fund’s portfolio instruments may default on their obligations under those instruments and that certain events may occur that have an immediate and significant adverse effect on the value of those instruments. There can be no assurance that an issuer of an instrument in which the Fund invests will not default or that an event that has an immediate and significant adverse effect on the value of an instrument will not occur and that the Fund will not sustain a loss on a transaction as a result.

Transactions entered into by the Fund may be executed on various U.S. and non-U.S. exchanges and may be cleared and settled through various clearinghouses, custodians, depositories and prime brokers throughout the world. Although the Fund attempts to execute, clear and settle the transactions through entities the

 

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Adviser believes to be sound, there can be no assurance that a failure by any such entity will not lead to a loss to the Fund.

Margin Risk. The Fund may post cash, securities or other assets as margin. The Fund may at times have significant margin obligations to broker-dealers or other entities as a result of listed derivatives positions. The Fund may use a tri-party collateral protection mechanism; tri-party arrangements may result in higher costs than if the Fund had posted margin directly. The Fund may also establish alternative collateral mechanisms in order to achieve a balance between cost and counterparty credit risk to the Fund, including posting collateral directly with a futures commission merchant, broker or the option clearinghouse.

Asset Segregation/Cover. To the extent obligations created by the Fund may be deemed to create “senior securities” (as defined in the 1940 Act), the Fund may be required to segregate or earmark liquid assets. The Fund segregates with its custodian or otherwise designates on its records (“earmarks”) cash, cash equivalents or liquid assets in an amount the Fund believes to be adequate to ensure that it has sufficient liquid assets to meet its obligations under its derivatives contracts, or the Fund may engage in other measures to “cover” its obligations with respect to such transactions. The amounts that are segregated or earmarked may be based on the derivative’s notional value or on the daily mark-to-market obligation under the derivatives contract and may be reduced by amounts on deposit with the applicable broker or counterparty to the derivatives transaction. The Fund may segregate or earmark amounts in addition to the amounts described above. For example, if the Fund writes a physically settled put option, it will typically segregate or earmark liquid assets equal to the exercise price of the option, less margin on deposit; if the Fund writes a cash settled put option, it will typically segregate or earmark liquid assets equal to the amount the option is in the money (meaning the difference between the exercise price of the option and the current market price of the reference instrument, when the exercise price of the option is higher than the market price of the reference instrument), marked to market on a daily basis, less margin on deposit. Alternatively, the Fund may, in certain circumstances, enter into an offsetting position rather than segregating or designating liquid assets (e.g., the Fund may cover a written put option with a purchased put option with the same or higher exercise price). Although the Adviser attempts to ensure that the Fund has sufficient liquid assets in respect of its obligations under its derivative contracts, it is possible that the Fund’s liquid assets may be insufficient to support such obligations under its derivatives positions. The Fund may be unable to use such segregated or earmarked assets for certain other purposes, which could result in the Fund earning a lower return on its portfolio than it might otherwise earn if it did not have to segregate those assets in respect of, or otherwise cover, such portfolio positions. To the extent the Fund’s assets are segregated or committed as cover, it could limit the Fund’s investment flexibility. The Fund may modify its asset segregation policies from time to time.

Regulatory Issues. With respect to the Fund, the Adviser has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term CPO under the Commodity Exchange Act (the “CEA”) pursuant to CFTC Rule 4.5. Accordingly, the Adviser (with respect to the Fund) is not subject to registration or regulation as a CPO under the CEA.

The CFTC and certain futures exchanges have established limits, referred to as “position limits,” on the maximum net long or net short positions which any person may hold or control in particular options and futures contracts. All positions owned or controlled by the same person or entity, even if in different accounts, may be aggregated for purposes of determining whether the applicable position limits have been exceeded. Thus, even if the Fund does not intend to exceed applicable position limits, it is possible that different clients managed by the Adviser may be aggregated for this purpose. Any modification of trading decisions or elimination of open positions that may be required to avoid exceeding such limits may adversely affect the profitability of the Fund.

In addition, the Commission has proposed a new Rule 18f-4 (which, as of the date of this prospectus, has not been adopted) that would place limits on the use of derivatives by registered investment companies, such as the Fund. If the rule were to take effect in the form proposed, it could require the Fund to alter its investment strategy.

 

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Tax Issues. The Fund’s investments in options and other derivative instruments could affect the amount, timing and character of the Fund’s distributions; in some cases, the tax treatment of such investments may not be certain. The tax issues relating to these and other types of investments and transactions are described more fully under “Tax Status” below.

Additional Information Regarding Leverage. The Fund may use leverage. Although the use of leverage may create an opportunity for increased returns of the Fund, it also results in additional risks and can magnify the effect of any losses and thus could negatively impact the Fund’s business and results of operation and have important adverse consequences to the Fund’s investments. The loss on leverage transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.

The terms of financing arrangements entered into by the Fund may restrict the Fund’s operating flexibility, including covenants that, among others, may limit the Fund’s ability to: (i) pay distributions in certain circumstances, (ii) incur additional debt and (iii) engage in certain transactions. If the Fund secures its leverage through the pledging of collateral, the Fund may, if the Fund is unable to generate sufficient cash flow to meet principal and interest payments on its indebtedness, be subject to risk that it is required to surrender its collateral and that such collateral may be liquidated at inopportune times or at prices that are not favorable to the Fund and cause significant losses. If a lender seizes and liquidates pledged collateral, such collateral may be sold at distressed price levels. The Fund will fail to realize the full value of such asset in a distressed sale.

The Fund may be required to pay commitment fees and other costs of borrowings under the terms of a credit facility. Moreover, interest on borrowings will be an expense of the Fund. With the use of borrowings, there is a risk that the interest rates paid by the Fund on the amount it borrows will be higher than the return on the Fund’s investments. Such additional costs and expenses may affect the operating results of the Fund.

If the Fund cannot generate sufficient cash flow from investments, it may need to refinance all or a portion of indebtedness on or before maturity. During the economic downturn that began in 2008, the U.S. capital markets experienced historic dislocations and liquidity disruptions, which caused financing to be unavailable in many cases and, even if available, caused the cost of prospective financings to increase. These circumstances have materially impacted liquidity in the debt markets, making financing terms for borrowers able to find financing less attractive and in many cases have resulted in the unavailability of certain types of debt financing. Uncertainty in the debt and equity markets may negatively impact the Fund’s ability to access financing on favorable terms or at all. The inability to obtain additional financing could have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s operations and on its ability to meet its debt obligations. If it is unable to refinance any of its indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all, the Fund’s returns may be harmed.

Additional Information Regarding Operational Risk. The Fund, its service providers and other market participants increasingly depend on complex information technology and communications systems to conduct business functions. These systems are subject to a number of different threats or risks that could adversely affect the Fund and its shareholders.

For example, unauthorized third parties may attempt to improperly access, modify, disrupt the operations of or prevent access to these systems or data within them (a “cyber attack”), whether systems of the Fund, the Fund’s service providers, counterparties or other market participants. Power or communications outages, acts of God, information technology equipment malfunctions, operational errors (both human and systematic) and inaccuracies within software or data processing systems may also disrupt business operations or impact critical data. Market events also may occur at a pace that overloads current information technology and communication systems and processes of the Fund, the Fund’s service providers or other market participants, impacting the ability to conduct the Fund’s operations.

Cyber attacks, disruptions or failures that affect the Fund’s service providers or counterparties may adversely affect the Fund and its shareholders, including by causing losses for the Fund or impairing Fund operations. In addition, cyber attacks, disruptions or failures may cause reputational damage and subject the Fund or its service

 

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providers to regulatory fines, litigation costs, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs and/or additional compliance costs. The Fund and its service providers may also incur substantial costs for cyber-security risk management in order to prevent or mitigate cyber-security incidents, and the Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result of such costs.

Similar types of operational (both human and systematic) and technology risks are also present for issuers of securities or other instruments in which the Fund invests, which could result in material adverse consequences for such issuers and may cause the Fund’s investments to lose value. In addition, cyber attacks involving the Fund counterparty could affect such counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations to the Fund, which may result in losses to the Fund and its shareholders. Furthermore, as a result of cyber attacks, disruptions or failures, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or the entire market, which may result in, among other things, the Fund’s inability to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or to accurately price its investments. The Fund cannot directly control any cyber-security plans or systems put in place by its service providers, Fund counterparties, issuers in which the Fund invests or securities markets and exchanges.

Equity Securities. The Fund may invest directly or indirectly in public or private equity securities, including common stock, preferred stock, convertible stock and/or warrants. Equity investments may afford the Fund voting rights as well as the opportunity to receive dividends and/or capital appreciation. The Fund may also invest directly or indirectly in equity securities of U.S. companies. Certain equity securities may be purchased because they may provide dividend income. These equity investments may take any of the following forms:

Common Stock. Holders of common stock generally have voting rights in the issuer and are entitled to receive common stock dividends when, as and if declared by the corporation’s board of directors. Common stock normally occupies the most subordinated position in an issuer’s capital structure

Preferred Stocks. Preferred stock, unlike common stock, has a stated dividend rate payable from the corporation’s earnings. Preferred stock dividends may be cumulative or non-cumulative, participating or auction rate. “Cumulative” dividend provisions require all or a portion of prior unpaid dividends to be paid. Preferred stock may be “participating” stock, which means that it may be entitled to a dividend exceeding the stated dividend in certain cases. Preferred stock may have mandatory sinking fund provisions, as well as provisions allowing calls or redemption prior to maturity, which also can have a negative impact on prices when interest rates decline. Preferred stock may pay fixed or adjustable rates of return. Preferred stock generally pays a dividend and ranks ahead of common stocks and behind debt securities in claims for dividends and for assets of the issuer in a liquidation or bankruptcy.

Rights and Warrants. Warrants are securities permitting the holder to purchase equity securities at specific prices valid for a specific period of time. Their values do not necessarily move parallel to the prices of the underlying securities. Rights are similar to warrants, but normally have a short duration and certain other distinguishing features. Rights and warrants are typically distributed directly by the issuer to its shareholders. Rights and warrants have no voting rights, receive no dividends and have no rights with respect to the assets of the issuer unless and until they are exercised for the underlying equity securities.

Convertible Securities. Convertible securities are debt securities or preferred stock that may be converted in whole or in part into common stock or other equity securities. Their prices do not necessarily move parallel to the prices of the underlying securities. Convertible securities generally have no voting rights. The value of a convertible security is a function of its “bond value,” which is the value of the debt or preferred stock component of the security, and its “conversion value,” which is the value of the right to convert the securities into common stock or other equity securities. The bond value will likely increase when interest rates fall and decrease when interest rates rise, and the conversion value will likely increase when the value of the underlying equity security increases and decrease when the value of the underlying equity security decreases. If the bond value is relatively high compared to the conversion value, the security will behave more like a debt security, and if the conversion value is relatively high compared to the bond value, the security will behave more like an equity security.

 

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Additional Information Regarding Risks of Investing in Equities. Equities fluctuate in price, and their short-term volatility at times may be great. Many factors can affect a particular equity security’s price, such as poor earnings reports by the issuer, loss of major customers, major litigation against the issuer or changes in government regulations affecting the issuer or its industry. To the extent that the Fund obtains exposure to equity securities, the value of that Fund’s portfolio will be affected by changes in the stock markets. Market risk can affect the Fund’s net asset value per share, which will fluctuate as the values of the Fund’s portfolio securities change. The prices of individual equity securities do not all move in the same direction uniformly or at the same time. Different stock markets may behave differently from one another. The value of preferred securities will usually react more strongly than bonds and other debt to actual or perceived changes in the company’s financial condition or prospects. Preferred securities may also be sensitive to changes in interest rates. When interest rates rise, the fixed dividend on preferred securities may be less attractive, causing the price of preferred stocks to decline. Preferred securities of smaller companies may be more vulnerable to adverse developments than preferred stock of larger companies.

Small and Mid-Capitalization Investing. The Fund may gain exposure to the securities of small capitalization companies, ETFs whose portfolios consist primarily of common stocks of small-capitalization companies, mid-capitalization companies, recently organized companies and derivative instruments related to those securities. Historically, such securities, and particularly securities of smaller capitalization companies, have been more volatile in price than those of larger capitalization, more established companies. Many of the risks that apply to small capitalization companies also apply to mid-capitalization companies, and such companies are included in the term “small capitalization companies” for the purposes of this risk factor. The securities of small capitalization and recently organized companies pose greater investment risks because such companies may have limited product lines, distribution channels and financial and managerial resources. In particular, small capitalization companies may be operating at a loss or have significant variations in operating results; may be engaged in a rapidly changing business with products subject to substantial risk of obsolescence; may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, to finance expansion or to maintain their competitive position; and may have substantial borrowings or may otherwise have a weak financial condition. In addition, these companies may face intense competition, including competition from companies with greater financial resources, more extensive development, manufacturing, marketing and other capabilities, and a larger number of qualified managerial and technical personnel. The equity securities of small capitalization companies are often traded over the counter or on regional exchanges and may not be traded in the volumes typical on a national securities exchange. Consequently, the Fund or entities in which the Fund obtains exposure may be required to dispose of such securities or remain in a short position over a longer (and potentially less favorable) period of time than is required to dispose of or close out of a short position with respect to the securities of larger, more established companies. Investments in equity or debt instruments issued by small capitalization companies may also be more difficult to value than other types of securities because of the foregoing considerations as well as, if applicable, lower trading volumes. Investments in companies with limited or no operating histories are more speculative and entail greater risk than do investments in companies with an established operating record.

Large Capitalization Investing. The equity securities of large capitalization companies can perform differently from other segments of the equity market as a whole. Companies with large capitalization tend to go in and out of favor based on market and economic conditions and, while they can be less volatile than companies with smaller capitalizations, they may also be less flexible in evolving markets or unable to implement changes as quickly as their smaller counterparts. Accordingly, the value of equity securities issued by large capitalization companies may not rise to the same extent as the value of equity securities issued by small or mid-cap companies under certain market conditions or during certain periods. Market capitalizations of companies change over time.

Preferred Securities Investing. Preferred securities may pay fixed or adjustable rates of return. Preferred securities are subject to issuer-specific and market risks applicable generally to equity securities. In addition, preferred securities generally pay a dividend and rank ahead of common stocks and behind debt securities in claims for dividends and for assets of the issuer in a liquidation or bankruptcy. For this reason, the value of preferred securities will usually react more strongly than bonds and other debt to actual or perceived changes in

 

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the company’s financial condition or prospects. Preferred securities may also be sensitive to changes in interest rates. When interest rates rise, the fixed dividend on preferred securities may be less attractive, causing the price of preferred stocks to decline. Preferred securities of smaller companies may be more vulnerable to adverse developments than preferred stock of larger companies.

Exchange-Traded Funds. The Fund may invest directly or indirectly in ETFs, which are investment companies or special purpose trusts typically designed to provide investment results that generally correspond (on a direct basis or on a multiple, inverse or multiple inverse basis) to the performance of an index. ETFs are listed on an exchange and trade in the secondary market on a per-share basis. The Fund may purchase and sell individual shares of ETFs in the secondary market. These secondary market transactions require the payment of commissions. Typically, the ETF bears its own operational expenses, which are deducted from its assets. To the extent that the Fund invests in ETFs, the Fund must bear these expenses in addition to the expenses of its own operation. As a result, the cost of investing in ETF shares may exceed the costs of investing directly in its underlying investments.

Investments in ETFs are subject to the same risks as investments in other investment companies, as described above. Certain risks of investing in an index-based ETF are similar to those of investing in an indexed mutual fund, including tracking error risk (the risk of errors in matching the ETF’s underlying assets to the index) and the risk that because an ETF is not actively managed, it cannot sell poorly performing stocks as long as they are represented in the index. The values of ETFs are subject to change as the values of their component assets fluctuate according to market volatility. ETFs may trade in the secondary market at a discount from their NAVs. The Fund may purchase ETFs at prices that exceed the net asset value of their underlying investments and may sell ETF investments at prices below such net asset value. Because the market price of ETF shares depends on the demand in the market for them, the market price of an ETF may be more volatile than the underlying portfolio of securities the ETF is designed to track, and the Fund may not be able to liquidate ETF holdings at the time and price desired, which may impact Fund performance. Furthermore, there may be times when the exchange halts trading, in which case the investors owning ETF shares would be unable to sell them until trading is resumed. In addition, because ETFs often invest in a portfolio of common stocks and “track” a designated index, an overall decline in stocks comprising an ETF’s benchmark index could have a greater impact on the ETF and investors than might be the case in an investment company with a more widely diversified portfolio. Losses could also occur if the ETF is unable to replicate the performance of the chosen benchmark index. As a result of mathematical compounding and because most leveraged and inverse ETFs have a single day investment objective to track the performance of an index or a multiple thereof, the performance of an ETF for periods greater than a single day is likely to be either greater than or less than the index performance, before accounting for the ETF’s fees and expenses. Compounding will cause longer term results to vary from the return of the index for leveraged and inverse ETFs, particularly during periods of higher index volatility.

Other risks associated with ETFs include the possibility that: (i) an ETF’s distributions may decline if the issuers of the ETF’s portfolio securities fail to continue to pay dividends; and (ii) under certain circumstances, an ETF could be terminated. Should termination occur, the ETF could have to liquidate its portfolio when the prices for those assets are falling. In addition, inadequate or irregularly provided information about an ETF or its investments could expose investors in ETFs to unknown risks.

Debt Investments. The Fund can invest directly or indirectly in debt securities. The Fund may have exposure to the debt securities of U.S. issuers. These debt securities may have fixed or floating interest rates; may or may not be collateralized; and may be below investment grade. The Fund has no limits as to the maturity of debt securities in which it invests directly or indirectly or as to the market capitalization range of the issuers. The Fund does not have investment policies establishing specific maturity ranges for its investments, and it may be within any maturity range (short, medium or long) depending on the Adviser’s evaluation of investment opportunities available within the debt securities markets.

The values of debt securities (and other income-producing securities, such as preferred securities and convertible securities) to which the Fund is exposed change in response to interest rate changes. In general, the value of a

 

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debt security is likely to fall as interest rates rise. This risk is generally greater for obligations with longer maturities or for debt securities that do not pay current interest (such as zero-coupon securities). Debt securities with floating interest rates can be less sensitive to interest rate changes, although, to the extent the Fund’s income is based on short-term interest rates that fluctuate over short periods of time, income received by the Fund may decrease as a result of a decline in interest rates. In response to an interest rate decline, debt securities that provide the issuer with the right to call or redeem the security prior to maturity may be called or redeemed. If a debt security is repaid more quickly than expected, the Fund may not be able to reinvest the proceeds at the same interest rate, reducing the potential for gain. When interest rates increase or for other reasons, debt securities may be repaid more slowly than expected. As a result, the maturity of the debt instrument is extended, increasing the potential for loss.

Interest rate changes can be sudden and unpredictable, and the Fund may lose money if these changes are not anticipated by the Adviser. A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates to fluctuate (e.g., central bank monetary policies, inflation rates, general economic conditions and market developments), and debt securities may be difficult to value during such periods. Over the past decade, governmental financial regulators, including the U.S. Federal Reserve, have taken steps to maintain historically low interest rates by purchasing bonds. Continued economic recovery, the U.S. Federal Reserve’s conclusion of its quantitative easing program and recent increases in interest rates could increase the probability that interest rates will continue to rise in the near future. To the extent the U.S. Federal Reserve continues to raise interest rates, there is a risk that rates across the financial system may rise, which could have an adverse effect on prices for debt securities and on the management of the Fund.

In addition, while debt securities markets have consistently grown over the past three decades, the capacity for traditional dealer counterparties to engage in debt securities trading has not kept pace and in some cases has decreased. As a result, dealer inventories of debt securities, which provide a core indication of the ability of financial intermediaries to “make markets,” are at or near historic lows in relation to market size. Because market makers provide stability to a market through their intermediary services, any significant reduction in dealer inventories could potentially lead to decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the debt securities markets.

Corporate Debt Securities. The Fund can purchase or gain exposure to a variety of debt securities of varying maturities issued by U.S. corporations, partnerships or other business entities. Corporate debt securities include bills, notes, debentures, money market instruments and similar instruments and securities and are generally used by corporations and other issuers to borrow money from investors for such purposes as working capital or capital expenditures. The issuer pays the investor a variable or fixed rate of interest and normally must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. Certain bonds are “perpetual” in that they have no maturity date. The debt securities in which the Fund is directly or indirectly invested may be subordinate to other liabilities of the issuer. If a borrower becomes insolvent, the borrower’s assets may be insufficient to meet its obligations to the holders of its subordinated debt. The investment return of corporate debt securities reflects interest earnings and changes in the market value of the security.

Below Investment Grade Securities. The Fund can invest directly or indirectly in below-investment-grade fixed income securities. Below investment grade debt securities, which are commonly called “junk bonds,” are bonds rated below BBB- by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“S&P”) or Baa3 by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., (“Moody’s”) or that have comparable ratings by another rating organization. Securities held directly or indirectly by the Fund may be downgraded to below investment grade status after the Fund purchases them. Issuers of high yield debt are in many cases highly leveraged, and their relatively high debt-to-equity ratios create increased risks that their operations might not generate sufficient cash flow to service their debt obligations. Issuers of high yield debt may also be in poor financial condition, face special competitive or product obsolescence problems or be in bankruptcy or other reorganizations or corporate liquidations.

Obligations Issued or Guaranteed by U.S. Government Agencies or Instrumentalities. These include direct obligations and mortgage-related securities that have different levels of credit support from the U.S. government. Some are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States, such as Government National Mortgage

 

11


Association pass-through mortgage certificates. Some are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury under certain circumstances, such as Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) bonds and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”) obligations. Others are supported only by the credit of the entity that issued them. Securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are also supported by commitments from the U.S. Treasury to purchase certain of those agencies’ securities during market conditions in which the U.S. Treasury deems it necessary for the promotion of market stability. In September 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”), an independent regulatory agency, placed the Federal National Mortgage Association and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation into conservatorship. The U.S. Department of Treasury also entered into a secured lending credit facility with those companies and a preferred stock purchase agreement. The preferred stock purchase agreement was designed to ensure that each company maintain a positive net worth, be able to meet its outstanding obligations and continue providing liquidity to the mortgage market.

Under the Federal Housing Finance Regulatory Reform Act of 2008 (the “Reform Act”), which was included as part of Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, FHFA, as conservator or receiver, has the power to repudiate any contract entered into by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac prior to FHFA’s appointment as conservator or receiver, as applicable, if FHFA determines, in its sole discretion, that performance of the contract is burdensome and that repudiation of the contract promotes the orderly administration of Fannie Mae’s or Freddie Mac’s affairs. The Reform Act requires FHFA to exercise its right to repudiate any contract within a reasonable period of time after its appointment as conservator or receiver.

FHFA, in its capacity as conservator, has indicated that it has no intention to repudiate the guaranty obligations of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac because FHFA views repudiation as incompatible with the goals of the conservatorship. However, in the event that FHFA, as conservator or if it is later appointed as receiver for Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, were to repudiate any such guaranty obligation, the conservatorship or receivership estate, as applicable, would be liable for actual direct compensatory damages in accordance with the provisions of the Reform Act. Any such liability could be satisfied only to the extent of Fannie Mae’s or Freddie Mac’s available assets. The future financial performance of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac is heavily dependent on the performance of the U.S. housing market.

Zero-Coupon Securities. The Fund can invest directly or indirectly in zero-coupon securities. Zero-coupon U.S. government securities will typically be U.S. Treasury notes and U.S. Treasury bonds that have been stripped of their interest coupons or certificates representing interests in those stripped debt obligations and coupons.

Zero-coupon securities do not make periodic interest payments and are sold at a deep discount from their face value at maturity. The buyer recognizes a rate of return determined by the gradual appreciation of the security, which is redeemed at face value on a specified maturity date. This discount depends on the time remaining until maturity, as well as prevailing interest rates, the liquidity of the security and the credit quality of the issuer. The discount typically decreases as the maturity date approaches.

Because zero-coupon securities pay no interest and compound semi-annually at the rate fixed at the time of their issuance, their value is generally more volatile than the value of other debt securities that pay interest. Their value may fall more dramatically than the value of interest-bearing securities when interest rates rise. When prevailing interest rates fall, zero-coupon securities tend to rise more rapidly in value because they have a fixed rate of return.

The Fund’s exposure to zero-coupon securities may cause the Fund to recognize income for federal income tax purposes without a corresponding receipt of cash; this can require the Fund to dispose of investments, including when not otherwise advantageous to do so, to meet distribution requirements.

The Fund may also obtain exposure to zero-coupon and delayed interest securities and “stripped” securities of U.S. corporations. These are similar in structure to zero-coupon and “stripped” U.S. government securities, but will not be backed by the “full faith and credit” of the U.S. government. Zero-coupon securities issued by corporations will be subject to greater credit risks than U.S. government zero-coupon securities.

 

12


Other “Stripped” Securities. In addition to buying stripped Treasury securities (as described herein), the Fund can invest directly or indirectly in stripped mortgage-related securities that are created by segregating the cash flows from underlying mortgage loans or mortgage securities to create two or more new securities. Each has a specified percentage of the underlying security’s principal or interest payments. These are a form of derivative investment.

Mortgage securities may be partially stripped so that each class receives some interest and some principal. However, they may be completely stripped. In that case all of the interest is distributed to holders of one type of security, known as an “interest-only” security, or “I/O,” and all of the principal is distributed to holders of another type of security, known as a “principal-only” security or “P/O.” Strips can be created for pass-through certificates or collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs).

The yields to maturity of I/Os and P/Os are very sensitive to principal repayments (including prepayments) on the underlying mortgages. If the underlying mortgages experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund might not fully recoup its investment in an I/O based on those assets. If underlying mortgages experience less than anticipated prepayments of principal, the yield on the P/Os based on them could decline substantially.

Floating Rate and Variable Rate Obligations. The Fund can invest directly or indirectly in debt securities that have floating or variable interest rates. Those variable rate obligations may have a demand feature that allows the Fund to tender the obligation to the issuer or a third party prior to its maturity. The tender may be at par value plus accrued interest, according to the terms of the obligations.

Because the interest rates on floating rate bonds adjust periodically to reflect current market rates, falling short-term interest rates should tend to decrease the income payable to the Fund on its floating rate investments and rising rates should tend to increase that income. However, investments in floating rate and variable rate obligations should also mitigate the fluctuations in the Fund’s net asset values during periods of changing interest rates, compared to changes in values of fixed-rate debt securities. Nevertheless, changes in interest rates can affect the value of the Fund’s floating rate investments, especially if rates change sharply in a short period, because the resets of the interest rates on the investments occur periodically and will not all happen simultaneously with changes in prevailing rates. Having a shorter average reset period for its portfolio of investments may help mitigate that risk.

The interest rate on a floating rate demand note is adjusted automatically according to a stated prevailing market rate, such as the Prime Rate, the 91-day U.S. Treasury Bill rate or some other standard. The instrument’s rate is adjusted automatically each time the base rate is adjusted. The interest rate on a variable rate note is also based on a stated prevailing market rate but is adjusted automatically at specified intervals. Generally, the changes in the interest rate on such securities reduce the fluctuation in their market value. As interest rates decrease or increase, the potential for capital appreciation or depreciation is less than that for fixed-rate obligations of the same maturity.

Floating rate and variable rate demand notes that have a stated maturity in excess of one year may have features that permit the holder to recover the principal amount of the underlying security at specified intervals not exceeding one year and upon no more than 30 days’ notice. The issuer of that type of note normally has a corresponding right in its discretion, after a given period, to prepay the outstanding principal amount of the note plus accrued interest. Generally the issuer must provide a specified number of days’ notice to the holder. The Fund can also invest directly or indirectly in step-coupon bonds that have a coupon rate that changes periodically during the life of the security on pre-determined dates that are set when the security is issued.

Additional Information Regarding Borrowing Risk. The Fund may borrow to meet redemption requests or for investment purposes (i.e., to purchase additional portfolio securities). The Fund’s investment portfolio may limit the number of lenders willing to enter into a borrowing arrangement with the Fund, result in higher borrowing costs to the Fund, or less favorable terms under the arrangement because such securities are higher risk

 

13


instruments. As a result, the Fund may be required to modify its investment program in order to meet the terms of any borrowing arrangement. If so, the Fund may not meet its investment objectives.

“When-Issued” and “Delayed-Delivery” Transactions. The Fund may invest in securities on a “when-issued” basis and may purchase or sell securities on a “delayed-delivery” (or “forward-commitment”) basis. “When-issued” and “delayed-delivery” are terms that refer to securities whose terms and indenture are available and for which a market exists, but which are not available for immediate delivery.

When such transactions are negotiated, the price (which is generally expressed in yield terms) is fixed at the time the commitment is made. Delivery and payment for the securities take place at a later date. The securities are subject to change in value from market fluctuations during the period until settlement. The value at delivery may be less than the purchase price. For example, changes in interest rates in a direction other than that expected by the Adviser before settlement will affect the value of such securities and may cause a loss to the Fund. During the period between purchase and settlement, the Fund makes no payment to the issuer and no interest accrues to the Fund from the investment until it receives the security at settlement.

The Fund may engage in when-issued transactions to secure what the Adviser considers to be an advantageous price and yield at the time the obligation is entered into. When the Fund enters into a when-issued or delayed-delivery transaction, it relies on the other party to complete the transaction. Its failure to do so may cause the Fund to lose the opportunity to obtain the security at a price and yield the Adviser considers to be advantageous.

When the Fund engages in when-issued and delayed-delivery transactions, it does so for the purpose of acquiring or selling securities consistent with its investment objective and policies or for delivery pursuant to options contracts it has entered into, and not for the purpose of investment leverage. Although the Fund’s purpose in entering into delayed-delivery or when-issued purchase transactions is to acquire securities, it may dispose of a commitment prior to settlement. If the Fund chooses to dispose of the right to acquire a when-issued security prior to its acquisition or to dispose of its right to delivery or receive against a forward commitment, it may incur a gain or loss.

At the time the Fund makes the commitment to purchase or sell a security on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis, it records the transaction on its books and reflects the value of the security purchased in determining the Fund’s net asset value. In a sale transaction, it records the proceeds to be received. The Fund identifies on its books liquid assets at least equal in value to the value of the Fund’s purchase commitments until the Fund pays for the investment.

When-issued and delayed-delivery transactions can be used by the Fund as a defensive technique to hedge against anticipated changes in interest rates and prices. For instance, in periods of rising interest rates and falling prices, the Fund might sell securities in its portfolio on a forward commitment basis to attempt to limit its exposure to anticipated falling prices. In periods of falling interest rates and rising prices, the Fund might sell portfolio securities and purchase the same or similar securities on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis to obtain the benefit of currently higher cash yields.

Legal and Regulatory Risks. The Fund may be adversely affected by new (or revised) laws or regulations that may be imposed by the CFTC, the Commission, the U.S. Federal Reserve or other banking regulators, or other governmental regulatory authorities or self-regulatory organizations that supervise the financial markets. The Fund may also be adversely affected by changes in the enforcement or interpretation of existing statutes and rules. In addition, the securities and futures markets are subject to comprehensive statutes, regulations and margin requirements. The CFTC, the Commission, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, other regulators and self-regulatory organizations and exchanges are authorized to take extraordinary actions in the event of market emergencies. The regulation of derivatives transactions and funds that engage in such transactions is an evolving area of law and is subject to modification by government and judicial action.

New regulations could, among other things, adversely affect the value of the investments held by the Fund, restrict the Fund’s ability to engage in derivatives transactions (for example, by making certain types of

 

14


derivatives transactions no longer available to the Fund) and/or increase the costs of such derivatives transactions (for example, by increasing margin or capital requirements) and the Fund’s ability to execute certain investment strategies may be adversely affected as a result. It is unclear how the regulatory changes will affect counterparty risk.

If a perception develops that there is or in the future could be renewed regulatory focus on participants who benefit from their participation in any U.S. government-sponsored program, or attempts by legislative and/or regulatory bodies to impose new restrictions and/or taxes and penalties on such participants, possibly even with retroactive effect, then the Fund’s position in such securities may be compromised.

Investment in Relatively New Issuers. The Fund may occasionally gain exposure to the equities of selected new issuers. Direct or indirect investments in relatively new issuers, i.e., those having continuous operating histories of less than three years, may carry special risks and may be more speculative because such companies are relatively unseasoned. Such companies also may lack sufficient resources, may be unable to generate internally the funds necessary for growth and may find external financing to be unavailable on favorable terms or even totally unavailable. Those companies will often be involved in the development or marketing of a new product with no established market, which could lead to significant losses. The securities of such issuers may have a limited trading market, which may adversely affect their disposition and can result in their being priced lower than might otherwise be the case. If other investors who invest in such issuers trade the same securities when the Fund attempts to dispose of its holdings, the Fund may receive lower prices than might otherwise be the case.

Adjustable Rate and Auction Preferred Securities. The Fund may invest in adjustable rate or auction rate preferred securities. Typically, the dividend rate on an adjustable rate preferred security is determined prospectively each quarter by applying an adjustment formula established at the time of issuance of the security. Although adjustment formulas vary among issues, they typically involve a fixed premium or discount relative to rates on specified debt securities issued by the U.S. Treasury. Typically, an adjustment formula will provide for a fixed premium or discount adjustment relative to the highest base yield of three specified U.S. Treasury securities: the 90-day Treasury bill, the 10-year Treasury note and the 20-year Treasury bond. The premium or discount adjustment to be added to or subtracted from this highest U.S. Treasury base rate yield is fixed at the time of issue and cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of the security. The dividend rate on other preferred securities, commonly known as auction preferred securities, is adjusted at intervals that may be more frequent than quarterly, such as every 49 days, based on bids submitted by holders and prospective purchasers of such securities and may be subject to stated maximum and minimum dividend rates. The issues of most adjustable rate and auction preferred securities currently outstanding are perpetual, but are redeemable after a specified date at the option of the issuer. Certain issues supported by the credit of a high-rated financial institution provide for mandatory redemption prior to expiration of the credit arrangement. No redemption can occur if full cumulative dividends are not paid. Although the dividend rates on adjustable and auction preferred securities generally are adjusted or reset frequently, the market values of these preferred securities still may fluctuate in response to changes in interest rates. Market values of adjustable preferred securities also may substantially fluctuate if interest rates increase or decrease once the maximum or minimum dividend rate for a particular security is approached.

Portfolio Turnover. Purchases and sales of portfolio investments may be made as considered advisable by the Adviser in the best interests of the shareholders. The Fund’s portfolio turnover rate may vary from year-to-year, as well as within a year. The Fund’s distributions of any net short-term capital gains realized from portfolio transactions are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. In addition, higher portfolio turnover rates can result in corresponding increases in portfolio transaction costs for the Fund.

For reporting purposes, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the fiscal year by the monthly average of the value of the portfolio securities owned by the Fund during the fiscal year. In determining such portfolio turnover, all securities whose maturities at the time of acquisition were one year or less are excluded. A 100% portfolio turnover rate would occur, for example, if all of the securities in the Fund’s investment portfolio (other than short-term money market

 

15


securities) were replaced once during the fiscal year. Portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor should the Adviser deem it advisable to purchase or sell securities.

The historical portfolio turnover rate for the Fund is shown under the heading “Financial Highlights” in the Fund’s Prospectus. Changes in portfolio turnover rates are generally anticipated to be the result of increased or decreased trading volume in long-term securities.

Fundamental Investment Restrictions of the Fund

The following investment restrictions of the Fund are designated as fundamental policies and as such cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities. Under the 1940 Act, a “majority” vote is defined as the vote of the holders of the lesser of: (a) 67% or more of the shares of the Fund present at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present or represented by proxy at the meeting; or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.

Under these restrictions, the Fund:

(1) may not issue senior securities, except as permitted borrowings or as otherwise permitted under the 1940 Act;1

(2) may not borrow money, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act;

(3) may not underwrite securities issued by other persons except to the extent that, in connection with the disposition of its portfolio investments, it may be deemed to be an underwriter under federal securities laws;

(4) may not purchase or sell real estate, although it may purchase securities of issuers which deal in real estate, including securities of real estate investment trusts, and may purchase securities which are secured by interests in real estate;

(5) may not make loans, except by purchase of debt obligations in which the Fund may invest consistent with its investment policies, by entering into repurchase agreements, or by lending its portfolio securities. The Fund may loan no more than one-third of its total assets;

(6) may not purchase or sell commodities, except that the Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts and options, may enter into foreign exchange contracts, and may enter into swap agreements and other financial transactions not requiring the delivery of physical commodities; and

(7) may not invest more than 25% of its net assets in a particular industry or group of industries (other than securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities).

In determining whether a transaction is permitted under the 1940 Act, restriction (1) above will not be construed to prohibit any transaction that is permitted under the 1940 Act, as interpreted or modified, or as otherwise permitted by regulatory authority having jurisdiction from time to time.

All percentage limitations on investments will apply at the time of investment and shall not be considered violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists immediately after and as a result of such investment. Except for the investment restrictions listed above as fundamental or to the extent designated as such in the

 

1 

Section 18(f)(1)of the 1940 Act generally prohibits registered open-end investment companies from issuing senior securities other than with respect to bank borrowings. Section 18(g) defines “senior security,” in pertinent part, as “any bond, debenture, note, or similar obligation or instrument constituting a security and evidencing indebtedness and any stock of a class having priority over any other class as to distribution of assets or payment of dividends.” To the extent obligations created by the Fund may be deemed to create senior securities the Fund will segregate or earmark liquid assets with its custodian in accordance with 1940 Act Release No. 10666 (Apr. 18, 1979), and the guidance of related no-action letters issued by the Commission, to cover these obligations.

 

16


Prospectus, the other investment policies described in this SAI or in the Prospectus are not fundamental and may be changed by approval of the Trustees.

The 1940 Act permits an open-end investment company to borrow money from a bank so long as the ratio which the value of the total assets of the investment company (including the amount of any such borrowing), less the amount of all liabilities and indebtedness (other than such borrowing) of the investment company, bears to the amount of such borrowing is at least 300%. The 1940 Act provides that, in the event that such asset coverage shall at any time fall below 300%, a mutual fund shall, within three days thereafter (not including Sundays and holidays) or such longer period as the Commission may prescribe by rules and regulations, reduce the amount of its borrowings to such an extent that the asset coverage of such borrowing shall be at least 300%.

Temporary Defensive Positions

Normally, the Fund invests substantially all of its assets to meet its investment objective. The Fund may invest the remainder of its assets in securities with remaining maturities of less than one year or cash equivalents, or may hold cash. For temporary defensive purposes, including during periods of unusual cash flows, the Fund may depart from its principal investment strategies and invest part or all of its assets in these securities or may hold cash. The Fund may adopt defensive strategies when the Adviser believes securities in which the Fund normally invests have special or unusual risks or are less attractive due to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions.

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

The Board has adopted, on behalf of the Fund, policies and procedures relating to disclosure of the Fund’s portfolio securities. These policies and procedures are designed to protect the confidentiality of the Fund’s portfolio holdings that are not publicly available (“Confidential Portfolio Holdings”) and to prevent the selective disclosure of such information. These policies and procedures may be modified at any time with the approval of the Board.

The holdings of the Fund are disclosed in quarterly filings with the Commission on Form N-PORT as of the end of the first and third quarters of the Fund’s fiscal year and on Form N-CSR as of the second and fourth quarters of the Fund’s fiscal year. In addition, the Fund may disclose to the general public its holdings information from time to time.

The Trust may disclose Confidential Portfolio Holdings to certain persons, including shareholders of the Trust (including shareholders of record of indirect investments in the Fund through another fund managed by the Adviser), qualified potential shareholders as determined by the Adviser (including qualified potential shareholders who are considering an indirect investment in the Fund through another fund managed by the Adviser), and their consultants or agents (“Permitted Recipients”). This information may be made available as soon as the business day following the date to which the information relates.

Except as otherwise noted, to receive Confidential Portfolio Holdings, Permitted Recipients must enter into a confidentiality agreement with the Adviser and the Trust that requires that the Confidential Portfolio Holdings be used solely for purposes determined by senior management of the Adviser to be in the best interest of the shareholders of the Fund to which the information relates.

If the Adviser becomes aware that a recipient has or is likely to violate the terms of a confidentiality agreement regarding Confidential Portfolio Holdings, the Adviser shall cease providing such information to such recipient.

If senior management of the Adviser identifies a potential conflict with respect to the disclosure of Confidential Portfolio Holdings between the interest of the Fund’s shareholders, on the one hand, and the Adviser or an affiliated person of the Adviser or the Fund, on the other, the Adviser is required to inform the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) of the potential conflict, and the CCO has the power to decide whether, in light of

 

17


the circumstances, disclosure should be permitted under the circumstances. The CCO also is required to report her decision to the Board of Trustees.

In addition, the Trust may also disclose Confidential Portfolio Holdings on a selective basis if the CCO (or an individual designated by the CCO) approves the disclosure and determines that: (i) there is a legitimate business purpose for such disclosure; (ii) recipients are subject to a duty of confidentiality, including a duty not to trade on the nonpublic information; and (iii) the disclosure is in the best interests of Fund shareholders.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, Confidential Portfolio Holdings of the Fund may generally be made available more frequently and prior to its public availability (i) to the Adviser, the Fund’s administrator, custodian, principal underwriter and certain other service providers (such as pricing services, proxy voting services, financial printers, pricing information vendors, third parties that deliver analytical, statistical or consulting services, ratings and rankings agencies and other unaffiliated third parties or their affiliates that provide services and may require Confidential Portfolio Holdings to provide services to the Fund (collectively, “Service Providers”); (ii) to an accounting firm, an auditing firm, or outside legal counsel retained by the Service Providers, their affiliates, or the Fund; (iii) to certain Fund affiliates; (iv) as required by law; and (v) to any other party for a legitimate business purpose upon waiver or exception, with the approval of the CCO.

The policies and procedures of the Fund provide that none of the Fund, its service providers, the Adviser or any other party may receive compensation in connection with the disclosure of Confidential Portfolio Holdings.

The Adviser has primary responsibility for ensuring that the Fund’s Confidential Portfolio Holdings are disclosed only in accordance with these policies. As part of this responsibility, the Adviser will maintain such internal policies and procedures as it believes are reasonably necessary for preventing the unauthorized disclosure of Confidential Portfolio Holdings.

MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

Board of Trustees

The business and affairs of the Fund are managed under the oversight of the Board subject to the laws of the State of Delaware and the Trust’s Third Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust (the “Declaration of Trust”). The Trustees are responsible for oversight of the practices and processes of the Fund and its service providers, rather than active management of the Fund, including in matters relating to risk management. The Trustees seek to understand the key risks facing the Fund, including those involving conflicts of interest; how Fund management identifies and monitors those risks on an ongoing basis; how Fund management develops and implements controls to mitigate those risks; and how Fund management tests the effectiveness of those controls. The Board cannot foresee, know or guard against all risks, nor are the Trustees guarantors against risk. The officers of the Fund conduct and supervise the Fund’s daily business operations. Trustees who are not deemed to be “interested persons” of the Fund as defined in the 1940 Act are referred to as “Independent Trustees.” Trustees who are deemed to be “interested persons” of the Fund is referred to as “Interested Trustees.”

The Board meets as often as necessary to discharge its responsibilities. Currently, the Board conducts regular quarterly meetings, including in-person or telephonic meetings, and holds special in-person or telephonic meetings as necessary to address specific issues that require attention prior to the next regularly scheduled meeting. At these meetings, officers of the Trust provide the Board (or one of its committees) with written and oral reports on regulatory and compliance matters, operational and service provider matters, organizational developments, product proposals, audit results, and insurance and fidelity bond coverage. In addition, it is expected that the Independent Trustees meet at least annually to review, among other things, investment management agreements and certain other plans and agreements and to consider such other matters as they deem appropriate.

 

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The Board has established two standing committees — an Audit Committee and a Valuation Committee — to assist the Board in its oversight of risk as part of its broader oversight of the Fund’s affairs. The Committees, both of which are comprised solely of the Board’s Independent Trustees, are described below. The Board may establish other committees, or nominate one or more Trustees to examine particular issues related to the Board’s oversight responsibilities, from time to time. Each Committee meets periodically to perform its delegated oversight functions and reports its findings and recommendations to the Board.

The Board does not have a lead Independent Trustee. The Board, taking into consideration its oversight responsibility of the Fund, including the Fund’s regular use of fair valuation and the Board’s extensive experience overseeing the development and implementation of fair valuation processes, believes that its leadership structure is appropriate. In addition, the Board’s use of Committees (each of which is chaired by an Independent Trustee with substantial industry experience) and the chair’s role as chief executive officer of the Adviser, serve to enhance the Board’s understanding of the operations of the Fund and the Adviser.

Board members of the Trust, together with information as to their positions with the Trust, principal occupations and other board memberships, are shown below. Unless otherwise noted, each Trustee has held each principal occupation and board membership indicated for at least the past five years. Each Trustee’s mailing address is c/o Stone Ridge Asset Management LLC, 510 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor, New York, NY 10022.

Independent Trustees

 

Name

(Year of Birth)

  Position(s) Held
with the Trust
  Term of Office
and Length of
Time Served(1)
 

Principal Occupation(s)
During the Past 5 Years

  Number of Portfolios
in the Fund Complex
Overseen by Trustee(2)
 

Other Directorships /
Trusteeships Held by
Trustee During the
Past 5 Years

Jeffery Ekberg

(1965)

  Trustee   since 2012   Self-employed (personal investing), since 2011; Principal, TPG Capital, L.P. (private equity firm) until 2011; Chief Financial Officer, Newbridge Capital, LLC (subsidiary of TPG Capital, L.P.) until 2011   13   None.

Daniel Charney

(1970)

  Trustee   since 2012   Co-President, Cowen and Company, Cowen Inc. (financial services firm) since 2012   13   None.

Interested Trustee

 

Name

(Year of Birth)

  Position(s) Held
with the Trust
  Term of Office
and Length of
Time Served(1)
 

Principal Occupation(s)
During the Past 5 Years

  Number of Portfolios
in the Fund Complex
Overseen by Trustee(2)
 

Other Directorships /
Trusteeships Held by
Trustee During the
Past 5 Years

Ross Stevens(3)

(1969)

  Trustee,
Chairman
  since 2012   Founder and Chief Executive Officer of Stone Ridge since 2012   13   None.

 

(1)

Each Trustee serves until resignation or removal from the Board.

(2)

The Fund Complex includes the Trust and Stone Ridge Trust II, Stone Ridge Trust III, Stone Ridge Trust IV, Stone Ridge Trust V, Stone Ridge Trust VI and Stone Ridge Residential Real Estate Income Fund I, Inc., other investment companies managed by the Adviser.

(3)

Mr. Stevens is an “interested person” of the Trust, as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act, due to his position with the Adviser.

 

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Additional Information About the Trustees.

Jeffery Ekberg — Through his experience as a senior officer, director and accountant of financial and other organizations, Mr. Ekberg contributes experience overseeing financial and investment organizations to the Board. The Board also benefits from his previous experience as a member of the board of other funds.

Daniel Charney — Through his experience as a senior officer of financial and other organizations, Mr. Charney contributes his experience in the investment management industry to the Board.

Ross Stevens — Through his experience as a senior executive of financial organizations, Mr. Stevens contributes his experience in the investment management industry to the Board.

Additional Information About the Board’s Committees. The Trust has an Audit Committee and a Valuation Committee. The members of both the Audit Committee and the Valuation Committee consist of all the Independent Trustees, namely Messrs. Ekberg and Charney. Mr. Ekberg is the Audit Committee Chair and has been designated as the Audit Committee financial expert. Mr. Charney is the Valuation Committee Chair.

In accordance with its written charter, the Audit Committee’s primary purposes are: (1) to oversee the Trust’s accounting and financial reporting policies and practices, and its internal controls and procedures; (2) to oversee the quality and objectivity of the Trust’s and the Fund’s financial statements and the independent audit thereof; (3) to oversee the activities of the CCO; (4) to oversee the Trust’s compliance program adopted pursuant to Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act, and the Trust’s implementation and enforcement of its compliance policies and procedures thereunder; (5) to oversee the Trust’s compliance with applicable laws in foreign jurisdictions, if any; and (6) to oversee compliance with the Code of Ethics by the Trust and the Adviser.

The Audit Committee reviews the scope of the Fund’s audits, the Fund’s accounting and financial reporting policies and practices and its internal controls. The Audit Committee approves, and recommends to the Independent Trustees for their ratification, the selection, appointment, retention or termination of the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm and approves the compensation of the independent registered public accounting firm. The Audit Committee also approves all audit and permissible non-audit services provided to the Fund by the independent registered public accounting firm and all permissible non-audit services provided by the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm to the Adviser and any affiliated service providers if the engagement relates directly to the Fund’s operations and financial reporting. The Audit Committee met four times during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019.

The Valuation Committee also operates pursuant to a written charter. The duties and powers, to be exercised at such times and in such manner as the Valuation Committee shall deem necessary or appropriate, are as follows: (1) reviewing, from time to time, the Trust’s valuation policy and procedures (the “Valuation Policy”), which Valuation Policy serves to establish policies and procedures for the valuation of the Fund’s assets; (2) making any recommendations to the Trust’s audit committee and/or the Board regarding (i) the functioning of the Valuation Policy, or (ii) the valuation(s) of individual assets; (3) consulting with the Adviser regarding the valuation of the Fund’s assets, including fair valuation determinations of any such assets; (4) periodically reviewing information regarding fair value and other determinations made pursuant to the Trust’s valuation procedures; (5) reporting to the Board on a regular basis regarding the Valuation Committee’s duties; (6) making recommendations in conjunction with the Board’s annual (or other periodical) review of the Trust’s Valuation Policy; (7) periodically reviewing information regarding industry developments in connection with valuation of assets; and (8) performing such other duties as may be assigned to it, from time to time, by the Board. The Valuation Committee met four times during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019.

 

20


Trustee Ownership of the Fund. The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities owned by the Trustees in the Fund and in other investment companies overseen by the Trustee within the same family of investment companies as of December 31, 2019. Investment companies are considered to be in the same family if they share the same investment adviser or principal underwriter and hold themselves out to investors as related companies for purposes of investment and investor services. The information as to ownership of securities which appears below is based on statements furnished to the Fund by its Trustees and executive officers.

 

     Dollar Range of Equity
Securities in the Fund
   Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
Securities in All Registered Investment
Companies Overseen  by Trustee in
Family of Investment Companies(1)
Independent Trustees          

Jeffery Ekberg

       Over $100,000        Over $100,000

Daniel Charney

       Over $100,000        Over $100,000
Interested Trustee          

Ross Stevens(2)

       Over $100,000        Over $100,000

 

(1)

Family of Investment Companies includes the Trust as well as Stone Ridge Trust II, Stone Ridge Trust III, Stone Ridge Trust IV, Stone Ridge Trust V, Stone Ridge Trust VI and Stone Ridge Residential Real Estate Income Fund I, Inc., other investment companies managed by the Adviser.

(2)

Beneficial ownership through the Adviser’s or its affiliates’ direct Fund investments.

None of the Independent Trustees or their family members beneficially owned any class of securities of the Adviser or principal underwriter of the Fund, or a person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Adviser or the principal underwriter of the Fund, as of December 31, 2019.

Compensation of Board Members. Each Trustee who is not an employee of the Adviser is compensated by an annual retainer. Each such Trustee’s compensation is invested in Stone Ridge funds. The Trust does not pay retirement benefits to its Trustees and officers. The Fund pays a portion of the compensation of the CCO. Other officers and Interested Trustees of the Trust are not compensated by the Fund. The following table sets forth compensation received by Independent Trustees for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019:

 

Independent Trustees

     Aggregate Compensation
From the Fund
     Total Compensation From the
Fund Complex(1) Paid to  Trustee
Jeffery Ekberg        $ 3,632        $ 360,753
Daniel Charney        $ 3,632        $ 360,753

 

(1)

The Fund Complex includes the Trust and Stone Ridge Trust II, Stone Ridge Trust III, Stone Ridge Trust IV, Stone Ridge Trust V, Stone Ridge Trust VI and Stone Ridge Residential Real Estate Income Fund I, Inc., other investment companies managed by the Adviser.

Officers of the Trust

 

Name

(Year of Birth)

and Address(1)(2)

  

Position(s) Held

with the Trust

  

Term of Office and

Length of Time
Served(3)

  

Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years

Ross Stevens

(1969)

  

President,

Chief Executive Officer and Principal Executive Officer

   since 2012   

Founder of Stone Ridge Asset Management LLC, Chief Executive Officer and President of the Adviser, since 2012.

 

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Name

(Year of Birth)

and Address(1)(2)

  

Position(s) Held

with the Trust

  

Term of Office and

Length of Time
Served(3)

  

Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years

Lauren D. Macioce

(1978)

  

Chief Compliance

Officer, Secretary, Chief Legal Officer and Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer

   since 2016   

General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer of the Adviser, since 2016; prior to that Associate at Ropes & Gray LLP (law firm).

Anthony Zuco

(1975)

  

Treasurer,

Principal Financial Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer

   since February 2018   

Supervising Fund Controller at the Adviser, since 2015; prior to that Controller at Owl Creek Asset Management L.P. (investment advisory firm).

Alexander Nyren

(1980)

   Assistant Secretary    since January 2018   

Head of Reinsurance of the Adviser, since 2018; member of Reinsurance portfolio management team at the Adviser, since 2013.

David Thomas

(1980)

   Assistant Treasurer    since July 2018   

Member of Operations at the Adviser, since 2015; prior to that member of Operations at KCG Holdings, Inc. (financial services firm).

Leson Lee

(1975)

   Assistant Treasurer    since January 2019   

Member of Operations at the Adviser, since 2018; prior to that Treasury Manager at Eton Park Capital Management (investment advisory firm).

Cathleen Hu

(1983)

   Assistant Treasurer    since January 2019   

Member of Operations at the Adviser, since 2015; prior to that Clearing Manager at KCG Holdings, Inc. (financial services firm).

Domingo Encarnacion (1983)    Assistant Treasurer    since January 2020   

Tax Manager at the Adviser, since 2016; prior to that Tax Manager at PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (accounting firm).

 

(1)

Each Officer’s mailing address is c/o Stone Ridge Asset Management LLC, 510 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor, New York, NY 10022.

(2)

Each of the Officers is an affiliated person of the Adviser as a result of his or her position with the Adviser.

(3)

The term of office of each Officer is indefinite.

Codes of Ethics. The Trust and the Adviser have adopted a code of ethics in accordance with Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. This code of ethics permits the personnel of these entities to invest in securities under some circumstances, including securities that the Fund may purchase or hold. The code of ethics is on public file with, and are available from, the Commission.

The code of ethics is available on the EDGAR database of the Commission’s website at www.sec.gov. In addition, copies of the code of ethics may be obtained, after mailing the appropriate duplicating fee, by e-mail request to publicinfo@sec.gov.

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

Attached as Appendix B to this SAI is the summary of the guidelines and procedures that the Adviser uses to determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities, including the procedures that the Adviser uses when a vote presents a conflict between the interests of Fund shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the Adviser or any affiliated person of the Fund or the Adviser, on the other. This summary of the guidelines gives a

 

22


general indication as to how the Adviser will vote proxies relating to portfolio securities on each issue listed. However, the guidelines do not address all potential voting issues or the intricacies that may surround individual proxy votes. For that reason, there may be instances in which votes may vary from the guidelines presented. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Adviser always endeavors to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective. Information on how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent prior 12-month period ending June 30 is available without charge, (1) upon request, by calling (855) 609-3680, and (2) on the Commission’s website at www.sec.gov.

CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

A principal shareholder is any person who owns of record or is known by the Fund to own of record or beneficially 5% or more of any class of the Fund’s outstanding equity securities. A control person is one who owns beneficially, either directly or through controlled companies, more than 25% of the voting securities of the Fund or acknowledges the existence of control. A controlling person possesses the ability to control the outcome of matters submitted for shareholder vote by the Fund.

As of January 31, 2020, (i) no person was known by the Fund to be a control person of the Fund, and (ii) the following persons owned of record or beneficially more than 5% of the outstanding shares of a particular class of the Fund.

 

Class I Shares
              

Name and Address

   %
Ownership
of Class
   %
Ownership
of Fund
  

Parent Company

  

Jurisdiction

  

Type of
Ownership(1)

National Financial Services, LLC

200 Liberty St

New York, NY 10281

   58.90%    55.94%    Fidelity Global Brokerage Group Inc.    DE    Record
              

Charles Schwab & Co

21 Main St

San Francisco, CA 94105

   22.30%    25.48%    The Charles Schwab Corporation    DE    Record
              

TD Ameritrade, Inc.

200 S. 108th Ave.

Omaha, NE 68154

   17.42%    17.12%    N/A    N/A    Record
              
Class M Shares

Name and Address

   %
Ownership
of Class
   %
Ownership
of Fund
  

Parent Company

  

Jurisdiction

  

Type of
Ownership(1)

Charles Schwab & Co

21 Main St

San Francisco, CA 94105

   73.30%    25.48%    The Charles Schwab Corporation    DE    Record
              

TD Ameritrade, Inc.

200 S. 108th Ave.

Omaha, NE 68154

   12.61%    17.12%    N/A    N/A    Record
              

National Financial Services, LLC

200 Liberty St

New York, NY 10281

   11.43%    55.94%    Fidelity Global Brokerage Group Inc.    DE    Record

 

(1)

“Record Ownership” means the shareholder of record, or the exact name of the shareholder on the account, i.e. “ABC Brokerage, Inc.” Beneficial ownership refers to the actual pecuniary, or financial, interest in the security, i.e. “Jane Doe Shareholder.”

 

23


As of January 31, 2020, the Trustees and officers of the Trust as a group owned beneficially less than 1% of the outstanding shares of each class of the Fund.

INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES

The Adviser

Stone Ridge Asset Management LLC is the Adviser of the Fund. The Adviser was organized as a Delaware limited liability company in 2012. The manager of the general partner of the managing member of the Adviser is Ross Stevens.

Stone Ridge Asset Management LLC serves as the Adviser of the Fund pursuant to an investment management agreement. Each investment management agreement has an initial term of two years from its effective date and continues in effect with respect to the Fund (unless terminated sooner) if its continuance is specifically approved at least annually by the affirmative vote of: (i) a majority of the Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval; and (ii) a majority of the Board or the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. The investment management agreement may nevertheless be terminated at any time without penalty, on 60 days’ written notice, by the Board, by vote of holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, or by the Adviser. The investment management agreement terminates automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).

Pursuant to the investment management agreement, the Adviser agrees (i) to make investment decisions and provide a program of continuous investment management for the Fund; prepare, obtain, evaluate and make available to the Fund research and statistical data in connection therewith; obtain and evaluate such information and advice relating to the economy, securities markets and securities as it deems necessary or useful to discharge its duties hereunder; engage in or supervise the selection, acquisition, retention and sale of investments, securities and/or cash; engage in or supervise the selection, acquisition, retention and sale of registered and unregistered investment funds and/or other investment vehicles (the “Investment Funds”); select brokers or dealers to execute transactions; and all of the aforementioned is required to be done in material accordance with the Fund’s investment objective, policies and limitations as stated in the Registration Statement and in accordance with guidelines and directions from the Board and any applicable laws and regulations; (ii) subject to the direction and control of the Board, to assist the Fund as it may reasonably request in the conduct of such Fund’s business, including oral and written research, analysis, advice, statistical and economic data, judgments regarding individual investments, general economic conditions and trends and long-range investment policies; determine or recommend the securities, instruments, repurchase agreements, options and other investments (including the Investment Funds) and techniques that the Fund will purchase, sell, enter into, use or provide in an ongoing evaluation of the Fund’s portfolio; continuously manage and supervise the investment program of the Fund and the composition of its investment portfolio in a manner consistent with the investment objective, policies and restrictions of the Fund, as set forth in the Registration Statement and as may be adopted from time to time by the Board and applicable laws and regulations; determine or recommend the extent to which the Fund’s portfolio shall be invested in securities, Investment Funds and other assets and what portion, if any, should be held uninvested; and undertake to do anything incidental to the foregoing to facilitate the performance of its obligations hereunder; (iii) to furnish to or place at the disposal of the Fund information, evaluations, analyses and opinions formulated or obtained by the Adviser in the discharge of its duties as the Board may, from time to time, reasonably request and maintain or cause to be maintained for the Fund all books, records, reports and any other information required under the 1940 Act, to the extent that such books, records and reports and other information are not maintained or furnished by the custodian, transfer agent, administrator, subadministrator or other agent of the Fund; (iv) to furnish to or place at the disposal of the Fund, such office space, telephone, utilities and facilities as the Fund may require for its reasonable needs and to furnish at the expense of the Adviser, or an affiliate of the Adviser, clerical services related to research, statistical and investment work; (v) to render or make available to the Fund management and administrative assistance in connection with the operation of the Fund that shall include (i) compliance with all reasonable requests of the Board for information, including information required in connection with the Fund’s filings with the Commission, other federal and state

 

24


regulatory organizations and self-regulatory organizations and (ii) such other services as the Adviser shall from time to time determine to be necessary or useful to the administration of the Fund.

The Adviser pays the reasonable salaries, fees and expenses of the Fund’s employees and officers (including the Fund’s share of any payroll taxes) and any fees and expenses of the Fund’s Trustees who are partners, directors, trustees or employees of or otherwise affiliated with the Adviser; however, the Fund bears travel expenses (or an appropriate portion thereof) of Trustees or Fund officers who are partners, directors, trustees or employees of the Adviser to the extent that such expenses relate to attendance at meetings of the Board or any committees thereof or Advisers thereto and the Fund bears all or a portion of the expenses related to the Fund’s chief compliance officer, as may be approved by the Board from time to time.

The Adviser is not responsible, except to the extent of the reasonable compensation of the Trust’s employees who are partners, directors, trustees or employees of the Adviser whose services may be involved, for the following expenses of the Fund: all fees and expenses directly related to portfolio transactions and positions for the Fund’s account such as direct and indirect expenses associated with the Fund’s investments, including its investments in Investment Funds, and enforcing the Trust’s rights in respect of such investments; brokerage commissions; interest and fees on any borrowings by the Fund; professional fees (including expenses of consultants, experts and specialists); research expenses and costs relating to the pricing and return data of Fund assets and related indices; fees and expenses of outside legal counsel (including fees and expenses associated with the review of documentation for prospective investments by the Fund), including foreign legal counsel; accounting, auditing, insurance and tax preparation expenses; fees and expenses in connection with repurchase offers and any repurchases or redemptions of Fund shares of beneficial interest; taxes and governmental fees (including tax preparation fees); fees and expenses of any custodian, subcustodian, transfer agent, registrar and any other agent of the Fund; all costs and charges for equipment or services used in communicating information regarding the Fund’s transactions among the Adviser and any custodian or other agent engaged by the Fund; bank services fees; expenses of preparing, printing and distributing copies of offering memoranda and any other sales material (and any supplements or amendments thereto), reports, notices, other communications to shareholders and proxy materials; expenses of preparing, printing and filing reports and other documents with government agencies; expenses of shareholders’ meetings; expenses of corporate data processing and related services; shareholder recordkeeping and shareholder account services, fees and disbursements; expenses relating to investor and public relations; and extraordinary expenses such as litigation expenses.

As compensation for its advisory services, the Fund pays the Adviser a fee, computed daily and paid monthly in arrears, at the annual rate of 0.50% of the Fund’s average daily net assets.

The Adviser contractually agreed to waive its management fee and/or pay or otherwise bear operating and other expenses of the Fund or a Class thereof (including offering expenses, but excluding brokerage and transactional expenses, borrowing and other investment-related costs and fees including interest and commitment fees, short dividend expense, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, litigation and indemnification expenses, judgments and extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s business (collectively, the “Excluded Expenses”)) solely to the extent necessary to limit the total annualized expenses, other than Excluded Expenses, of the applicable Class to the percentage specified below of the average daily net assets attributable to such Class.

 

Expense Cap (effective October 28, 2019)

0.50% for Class I Shares
0.65% for Class M Shares

The Adviser shall be entitled to recoup in later periods expenses attributable to a Class that the Adviser has paid or otherwise borne (whether through reduction of its management fee or otherwise) to the extent that the expenses for the Class of shares (including offering expenses, but excluding Excluded Expenses) after such recoupment do not exceed the lower of (i) the annual expense limitation rate in effect at the time of the actual waiver/reimbursement and (ii) the annual expense limitation rate in effect at the time of the recoupment;

 

25


provided, that the Adviser shall not be permitted to recoup any such fees or expenses beyond three years from the end of the month in which such fee was reduced or such expense was reimbursed.

The Fund paid the following fees to the Adviser during the most recent three fiscal years ended October 31:

 

     Fiscal year ended
October 31, 2017
   Fiscal year ended
October 31, 2018
   Fiscal year ended
October 31, 2019
Gross Advisory Fees Accrued      $ 4,440,472      $ 3,631,620      $ 1,691,341
Fees Waived/Expenses Reimbursed      $ (60,860 )      $ 0      $ (1,614 )
Net Advisory Fees Paid      $ 4,379,612      $ 3,631,620      $ 1,689,727

For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019, the Adviser recouped, pursuant to its expense limitation agreement, advisory fees that it had previously waived and/or expenses that it had previously borne in the amount of $51,209.

Adviser’s Investment Committee

The Adviser has established an Investment Committee (the “Committee”), which oversees the investment policies and strategies of the Adviser and monitors risk within the funds advised by the Adviser, including the Fund.

Daniel Fleder, Robert Gutmann, Ross Stevens and Yan Zhao serve as members of the Committee. Their professional background and experience are disclosed in the Prospectus.

Portfolio Managers

Mr. Nathaniel Conrad, Mr. Li Song and Mr. Allen Steere are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund. The following tables set forth certain additional information with respect to Mr. Buischi, Mr. Fleder and Mr. Steere. The information is as of October 31, 2019 except as otherwise noted.

Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Managers

The table below identifies the number of accounts for which Mr. Buischi, Mr. Fleder and Mr. Steere have day-to-day management responsibilities and the total assets in such accounts, within each of the following categories: registered investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles and other accounts.

 

                             
       Registered Investment
Companies
     Other Pooled
Investment Vehicles
     Other Accounts  

Portfolio Manager

     Number of
Accounts(1)
     Total Assets
(in millions)
     Number of
Accounts
     Total Assets
(in millions)
     Number of
Accounts
     Total Assets
(in millions)
 
Nathaniel Conrad(2)        8      $ 3,165        0      $ 0        0      $ 0  
Li Song(2)        2      $ 706        0      $ 0        0      $ 0  
Allen Steere        1      $ 164        0      $ 0        0      $ 0  

 

(1)

Includes the Fund.

(2)

As of January 31, 2020.

 

26


The table below identifies the number of accounts for which Mr. Conrad, Mr. Song and Mr. Steere have day-to-day management responsibilities and the total assets in such accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account, within each of the following categories: registered investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles and other accounts.

 

                             
       Registered Investment
Companies for which the
Adviser receives a
performance-based fee
     Other Pooled
Investment Vehicles
managed for which the
Adviser receives a
performance-based fee
     Other Accounts managed
for which the Adviser
receives a

performance-based fee
 

Portfolio Manager

     Number of
Accounts
     Total Assets
(in millions)
     Number of
Accounts
     Total Assets
(in millions)
     Number of
Accounts
     Total Assets
(in millions)
 
Nathaniel Conrad(1)        0      $ 0        0      $ 0        0      $ 0  
Li Song(1)        0      $ 0        0      $ 0        0      $ 0  
Allen Steere        0      $ 0        0      $ 0        0      $ 0  

 

(1)

As of January 31, 2020.

Potential Conflicts of Interest

Each of the Portfolio Managers may also be responsible for managing other accounts in addition to the Fund, including other accounts of the Adviser or its affiliates. Other accounts may include other investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, unregistered investment companies that rely on Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act, separately managed accounts, foreign investment companies and accounts or investments owned by the Adviser or its affiliates or the Portfolio Managers. Management of other accounts in addition to the Fund can present certain conflicts of interest, as described below.

From time to time, potential conflicts of interest may arise between a Portfolio Manager’s management of the investments of the Fund, on the one hand and the management of other accounts, on the other. The other accounts might have similar or different investment objectives or strategies as the Fund, or otherwise hold, purchase, or sell securities that are eligible to be held, purchased or sold by the Fund, or may take positions that are opposite in direction from those taken by the Fund.

As a fiduciary, the Adviser owes a duty of loyalty to its clients and must treat each client fairly. The Adviser and the Fund have adopted compliance policies and procedures that are designed to avoid, mitigate, monitor and oversee areas that could present potential conflicts of interest.

Allocation of Limited Time and Attention. A Portfolio Manager who is responsible for managing multiple accounts may devote unequal time and attention to the management of those accounts. As a result, the Portfolio Manager may not be able to formulate as complete a strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities for each of the accounts as might be the case if he or she were to devote substantially more attention to the management of a single account. The effects of this potential conflict may be more pronounced where accounts overseen by a particular Portfolio Manager have different investment strategies.

Allocation of Investment Opportunities. A conflict of interest arises as a result of the Adviser’s management of a number of accounts with similar or different investment strategies. When the Adviser purchases or sells securities for more than one account, the trades must be allocated in a manner consistent with its fiduciary duties. The Adviser attempts to allocate investments in a fair and equitable manner over time among client accounts, with no account receiving preferential treatment over time. To this end, the Adviser has adopted policies and procedures that are intended to provide the Adviser with flexibility to allocate investments in a manner that is consistent with its fiduciary duty. There is no guarantee, however, that the policies and procedures adopted by the Adviser will be able to detect and/or prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may appear.

An investment opportunity may be suitable for both the Fund and other accounts, but may not be available in sufficient quantities for both the Fund and the other accounts to participate fully. If a Portfolio Manager identifies

 

27


a limited investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple accounts, the opportunity may be allocated among these several accounts; as a result of these allocations, there may be instances in which the Fund will not participate in a transaction that is allocated among other accounts or the Fund may not be allocated the full amount of an investment opportunity. Similarly, there may be limited opportunity to sell an investment held by the Fund and another account. In addition, different account guidelines and/or differences within particular investment strategies may lead to the use of different investment practices for accounts with a similar investment strategy. Whenever decisions are made to buy or sell securities by the Fund and one or more of the other accounts simultaneously, the Adviser may aggregate the purchases and sales of the securities. The Adviser will not necessarily purchase or sell the same securities at the same time, in the same direction or in the same proportionate amounts for all eligible accounts, particularly if different accounts have different amounts of capital under management by the Adviser, different amounts of investable cash available, different strategies or different risk tolerances. As a result, although the Adviser may manage different accounts with similar or identical investment objectives, or may manage accounts with different objectives that trade in the same securities, the portfolio decisions relating to these accounts and the performance resulting from such decisions, may differ from account to account, and the trade allocation and aggregation and other policies and procedures of the Fund or the Adviser could have a detrimental effect on the price or amount of the securities available to the Fund from time to time.

As a result of regulations governing the ability of certain clients of the Adviser to invest side-by-side, it is possible that the Fund may not be permitted to participate in an investment opportunity at the same time as another fund or another account managed by the Adviser. These limitations may limit the scope of investment opportunities that would otherwise be available to the Fund. The decision as to which accounts may participate in any particular investment opportunity will take into account applicable law and the suitability of the investment opportunity for, and the strategy of, the applicable accounts. It is possible that the Fund may be prevented from participating due to such investment opportunity being more appropriate, in the discretion of the Adviser, for another account.

Conflicts of Interest Among Strategies. At times, a Portfolio Manager may determine that an investment opportunity may be appropriate for only some of the accounts for which he or she exercises investment responsibility, or may decide that certain of the accounts should take differing positions with respect to a particular security. In these cases, the Portfolio Manager may place separate transactions for one or more accounts, which may affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment or benefit of one or more other accounts. Similarly, the Adviser or its affiliates may take positions in accounts or investments owned by them that are different from those taken by one or more client accounts.

Conflicts may also arise in cases when accounts invest in different parts of an issuer’s capital structure, including circumstances in which one or more accounts own private securities or obligations of an issuer and other accounts may own public securities of the same issuer. Actions by investors in one part of the capital structure could disadvantage investors in another part of the capital structure. In addition, purchases or sales of the same investment may be made for two or more accounts on the same date. There can be no assurance that an account will not receive less (or more) of a certain investment than it would otherwise receive if this conflict of interest among accounts did not exist. In effecting transactions, it may not be possible, or consistent with the investment objectives of accounts, to purchase or sell securities at the same time or at the same prices.

Selection of Service Providers. Stone Ridge may be able to select or influence the selection of service providers to clients, including the brokers and dealers that are used to execute securities transactions for the accounts that they supervise. In addition to executing trades, some brokers and dealers may provide Stone Ridge with brokerage and research services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), which may result in the payment of higher brokerage fees than might have otherwise been available. These services may be more beneficial to certain accounts than to others. In addition, Stone Ridge has received and may receive loans or other services from service providers to clients. Although such services are negotiated at arm’s length, they pose conflicts of interest to Stone Ridge in selecting such service providers.

 

28


Related Business Opportunities. The Adviser or its affiliates may provide more services (such as distribution or recordkeeping) for some types of accounts than for others. In such cases, a Portfolio Manager may benefit, either directly or indirectly, by devoting disproportionate attention to the management of accounts that provide greater overall returns to the Adviser and its affiliates.

Broad and Wide-Ranging Activities. The Adviser and its related parties engage in a broad spectrum of activities and may expand the range of services that they provide over time. The Adviser and its related parties will generally not be restricted in the scope of their business or in the performance of any such services (whether now offered or undertaken in the future), even if such activities could give rise to conflicts of interest, and whether or not such conflicts are described herein. In the ordinary course of their business activities, including activities with third-party service providers, lenders and/or counterparties, the Adviser and its related parties may engage in activities where the interests of the Adviser and its related parties or the interests of their clients conflict with the interests of the shareholders of the Fund.

Variation in Compensation. A conflict of interest arises where the financial or other benefits available to a Portfolio Manager differ among the accounts that he or she manages. If the structure of the Adviser’s management fee differs among accounts (such as where certain accounts pay higher management fees or a performance or incentive fee), a Portfolio Manager might be motivated to help certain accounts over others. In addition, a Portfolio Manager might be motivated to favor accounts in which he or she has an interest or in which the Adviser and/or its affiliates have interests. Similarly, the desire to maintain or raise assets under management or to enhance a Portfolio Manager’s performance record or to derive other rewards, financial or otherwise, could influence a Portfolio Manager to lend preferential treatment to those accounts that could most significantly benefit a Portfolio Manager.

Investments in the Fund by the Adviser. The Adviser or its affiliates purchase shares from the Fund from time to time, and may hold a material position in the Fund. The Adviser or its affiliates face conflicting interests in determining whether, when and in what amount to redeem Fund shares. If the Adviser or its affiliate redeems a significant amount of Fund shares, this may adversely affect the Fund’s performance to the extent that the Fund is required to sell investments when it would not otherwise do so.

Investments by Adviser or Related Entities. The Adviser or a related entity may invest in entities that may provide financial or other services for the Fund.

Portfolio Manager Compensation

Portfolio Managers receive a base salary and may also receive a bonus. Compensation of a Portfolio Manager is determined at the discretion of the Adviser and may be deferred. It may be based on a number of factors including the Portfolio Manager’s experience, responsibilities, the perception of the quality of his or her work efforts, and the consistency with which he or she demonstrates kindness to other employees, trading counterparties, vendors and clients. As a firm focused on beta, the compensation of Portfolio Managers is not based upon the performance of client accounts that the Portfolio Manager manage. The Adviser reviews the compensation of each Portfolio Manager at least annually.

Portfolio Manager Securities Ownership

As of October 31, 2019 (except as otherwise noted), the Portfolio Managers beneficially owned the following shares of the Fund:

 

Portfolio Manager

   Dollar Range of Shares
Beneficially Owned
Nathaniel Conrad(1)    $10,001 - 50,000
Li Song(1)    $10,001 - 50,000
Allen Steere    $10,001 - 50,000

 

(1)

As of January 31, 2020.

 

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Principal Underwriter

Subject to the conditions described in the “Shareholder Information” section of the Prospectus, shares of the Fund are offered on a continuous basis through ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”), located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203, as distributor pursuant to a distribution agreement (the “Distribution Agreement”) between the Distributor and the Trust, on behalf of the Fund. Pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, the Distributor shall devote its best efforts to effect sales of shares of the Fund but shall not be obligated to sell any certain number of shares. The Distributor receives no compensation from the Fund for distribution of the Fund’s shares.

Distribution Plans Pursuant to Rule 12b-1

The Fund has adopted Rule 12b-1 plan for its Class M shares (the “Class M 12b-1 Plan”) and for its Class I shares (the “Class I 12b-1 Plan” and collectively the “12b-1 Plans”). The Class M 12b-1 Plan, among other things, permits the Class M share class of the Fund to pay Rule 12b-1 fees to financial intermediaries through the Distributor at annual rates not exceeding 0.15% of the average daily net assets of the Class M share class of the Fund, such fee to be calculated and accrued daily and paid monthly. No fees are charged pursuant to the Class I 12b-1 Plan. Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, the 12b-1 Plans (together with the Distribution Agreement) were approved by the Board, including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act) and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operations of the 12b-1 Plans or the Distribution Agreement. Each 12b-1 Plan is intended to benefit the class of shares to which it relates by providing additional ongoing shareholder services to such class’s shareholders.

The Fund’s Class M shares incurred $22,564 in 12b-1 fees during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019.

The table below reflects the amounts the Fund’s Class M shares paid for the principal types of activities under its Class M 12b-1 Plan during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2019.

 

Advertising/Marketing      $ 0  
Printing/Postage      $ 0  
Payment to distributor      $ 0  
Payment to dealers      $ 10,320  
Compensation to sales personnel      $ 12,244  
Other      $ 0  

Total

     $ 22,564  

The Class M 12b-1 Plan and the Class I 12b-1 Plan may be terminated by vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Class M shares and the Class I shares, respectively, of the relevant Fund. The 12b-1 Plans may be amended by a vote of the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose. Any change in the Class M 12b-1 Plan or the Class I 12b-1 Plan that would materially increase the fees payable thereunder by the Class M shares or Class I shares, respectively, of the relevant Fund requires approval by a vote of the holders of a majority of such shares outstanding. The Board reviews quarterly a written report detailing the costs that have been incurred.

The 12b-1 Plans will continue in effect for successive one-year periods; provided that each such continuance is specifically approved (i) by the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees and (ii) by the vote of a majority of the entire Board cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding securities of the relevant class.

No Independent Trustee has any direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the 12b-1 Plans. Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, no interested person of the Fund has any direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the 12b-1 Plans except to the extent that the Distributor, the Adviser or certain of their employees may be deemed to have such an interest as a result of benefits derived from the successful operation of the 12b-1 Plans.

 

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Other Service Providers

Administrator. The Trust has entered into an administration agreement with U.S. Bank Global Fund Services (the “Administrator”) pursuant to which the Administrator provides administrative services to the Fund. The Administrator is responsible for (i) the general administrative duties associated with the day-to-day operations of the Fund; (ii) conducting relations with the custodian, independent registered public accounting firm, legal counsel and other service providers; (iii) providing regulatory reporting; and (iv) providing necessary office space, equipment, personnel, compensation and facilities for handling the affairs of the Fund. In performing its duties and obligations under the administration agreement, the Administrator shall not be held liable except for a loss arising out of the Administrator’s refusal or failure to comply with the terms of the administration agreement or from its bad faith, negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of its duties under the administration agreement.

U.S. Bank Global Fund Services also serves as fund accountant to the Fund under a separate agreement with the Trust and is responsible for calculating the Fund’s total NAV, total net income and NAV per share of the Fund on a daily basis.

The Fund paid the following administration and fund accounting fees to the Administrator during the most recent three fiscal years ended October 31.

 

Fiscal Year Ended
October 31, 2017
  Fiscal Year Ended
October 31, 2018
  Fiscal Year Ended
October 31, 2019
    $162,285       $ 119,844     $ 47,760

Transfer Agent/Dividend Disbursing Agent. U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, doing business as U.S. Bank Global Fund Services (the “Transfer Agent”), is the transfer agent for the Fund’s shares and the dividend disbursing agent for payment of dividends and distributions on Fund shares. The principal business address of the Transfer Agent is 615 East Michigan Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202.

Custodian. U.S. Bank NA (the “Custodian”), located at 1555 N. Rivercenter Drive, Suite 302, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53212, serves as the custodian for the Fund. As such, the Custodian holds in safekeeping certificated securities and cash belonging to the Fund and, in such capacity, is the registered owner of securities in book-entry form belonging to the Fund. Upon instruction, the Custodian receives and delivers cash and securities of the Fund in connection with Fund transactions and collects all dividends and other distributions made with respect to portfolio securities of the Fund. The Custodian also maintains certain accounts and records of the Fund.

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Ernst & Young, LLP serves as the Fund’s independent registered public accountant. Ernst & Young, LLP provides audit services and assistance and consultation in connection with the review of Commission filings and certain tax compliance services. Ernst & Young, LLP is located at 220 South 6th Street, Minneapolis, MN 55402.

Counsel. Ropes & Gray LLP serves as counsel to the Fund, and is located at 800 Boylston Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02199.

TAX STATUS

The following discussion of U.S. federal income tax consequences of investment in the Fund is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), U.S. Treasury regulations and other applicable authority, as of the date of the preparation of this SAI. These authorities are subject to change by legislative or administrative action, possibly with retroactive effect. The following discussion is only a summary of some of the important U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to investments in the Fund and does not address all aspects of taxation that may apply to shareholders or to particular shareholders. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisers regarding their particular situation and the possible application of federal, state, local or non-U.S. tax laws.

 

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Taxation of the Fund

The Fund has elected to be treated and intends to qualify and be treated each year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code (a “RIC”). In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded regulated investment companies and their shareholders, the Fund generally must, among other things:

 

  (a)

derive at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year from (i) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies and (ii) net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (as defined below);

 

  (b)

diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies and other securities limited in respect of any one issuer to a value not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested, including through corporations in which the Fund owns a 20% or more voting stock interest, (x) in the securities (other than those of the U.S. government or other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer or of two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses, or (y) in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships (as defined below); and

 

  (c)

distribute with respect to each taxable year at least 90% of the sum of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code without regard to the deduction for dividends paid — generally taxable ordinary income and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and any net tax-exempt interest income for such year.

In general, for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described in paragraph (a) above, income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership that would be qualifying income if realized directly by the regulated investment company. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” (a partnership (x) the interests in which are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof, and (y) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in paragraph (a)(i) above) will be treated as qualifying income. In general, such entities will be treated as partnerships for federal income tax purposes because they meet the passive income requirement under Code section 7704(c)(2). In addition, although in general the passive loss rules of the Code do not apply to regulated investment companies, such rules do apply to a regulated investment company with respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership.

For purposes of the diversification test in (b) above, the term “outstanding voting securities of such issuer” will include the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership. Also, for purposes of the diversification test in (b) above, the identification of the issuer (or, in some cases, issuers) of a particular investment can depend on the terms and conditions of that investment. In some cases, identification of the issuer (or issuers) is uncertain under current law, and an adverse determination or future guidance by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) with respect to issuer identification for a particular type of investment may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to meet the diversification test in (b) above. In addition, if the Fund were to own 20% or more of the voting interests of a corporation, the Fund would be required to “look through” such corporation to its holdings and combine the appropriate percentage of such corporation’s assets with the Fund’s assets for purposes of satisfying the 25% diversification test described in (b)(ii) above.

The Fund’s investment strategies will potentially be limited by its intention to qualify for treatment as regulated investment companies. The tax treatment of certain of the Fund’s investments under one or more of the

 

32


qualification or distribution tests applicable to RICs is not certain. An adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS or a change in law might affect the Fund’s ability to qualify for such treatment.

If the Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on income distributed in a timely manner to its shareholders in the form of dividends (including Capital Gain Dividends, as defined below). If the Fund were to fail to meet the income, diversification or distribution tests described above, the Fund could in some cases cure such failure, including by paying the Fund-level tax, paying interest, making additional distributions or disposing of certain assets. If the Fund were ineligible to or otherwise did not cure such failure for any year, or if the Fund were otherwise to fail to qualify as a regulated investment company accorded special tax treatment for such year, the Fund would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Some portions of such distributions could be eligible for the dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders and may be eligible to be treated as “qualified dividend income” in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals, provided, in both cases, that the shareholder meets certain holding period and other requirements in respect of the Fund’s shares (as described below). In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest and make substantial distributions before re-qualifying as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment.

The Fund intends to distribute to its shareholders, at least annually, substantially all of its investment company taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction), its net tax-exempt income, if any, and any net capital gain. Investment company taxable income that is retained by the Fund will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates. The Fund may also retain for investment its net capital gain. If the Fund retains any net capital gain, it will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained, but it may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice mailed within 60 days of the close of the Fund’s taxable year to its shareholders who, in turn, (i) will be required to include in income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, and (ii) will be entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount against their U.S. federal income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds on a properly-filed U.S. tax return to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. If the Fund makes this designation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of the Fund will be increased by an amount equal under current law to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s gross income under clause (i) of the preceding sentence and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence. The Fund is not required to, and there can be no assurance that the Fund will, make this designation if it retains all or a portion of its net capital gain in a taxable year.

In determining its net capital gain, including in connection with determining the amount available to support a Capital Gain Dividend, its taxable income and its earnings and profits, a RIC generally may elect to treat part or all of any post-October capital loss (defined as any net capital loss attributable to the portion, if any, of the taxable year after October 31, or, if there is no such loss, the net long-term capital loss or net short-term capital loss attributable to any such portion of the taxable year), or late-year ordinary loss (generally, the sum of (i) net ordinary loss from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property attributable to the portion, if any, of the taxable year after October 31, and its (ii) other net ordinary loss attributable to the portion, if any, of the taxable year after December 31) as if incurred in the succeeding taxable year.

If the Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year at least an amount equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for such year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending on October 31 of such year, plus any retained amount for the prior year, the Fund will be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. For these purposes, ordinary gains and losses from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property that would be properly taken into account after October 31 are treated as arising on January 1 of the following calendar year. For purposes of the excise tax, the Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax in the taxable year ending within the calendar year. A dividend paid to shareholders in January of a year generally is deemed to have been paid on

 

33


December 31 of the preceding year, if the dividend is declared and payable to shareholders of record on a date in October, November or December of that preceding year. The Fund intends generally to make distributions sufficient to avoid imposition of the 4% excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so.

Fund Distributions

Shareholders subject to U.S. federal income tax will be subject to tax on dividends received from the Fund, regardless of whether received in cash or reinvested in additional shares. Such distributions generally will be taxable to shareholders in the calendar year in which the distributions are received, except that a dividend declared and payable to shareholders of record in October, November or December and paid to shareholders the following January generally is deemed to have been paid by the Fund on the preceding December 31. Distributions received by tax-exempt shareholders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax to the extent permitted under applicable tax law.

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment income generally are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Taxes to shareholders on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned (and is treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as having owned) the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares. In general, the Fund will recognize long-term capital gain or loss on investments it has owned (or is deemed to have owned) for more than one year, and short-term capital gain or loss on investments it has owned (or is deemed to have owned) for one year or less. Tax rules can alter the Fund’s holding period in investments and thereby affect the tax treatment of gain or loss on such investments. Distributions of net capital gain (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss, in each case determined with reference to any loss carryforwards) that are properly reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends (“Capital Gain Dividends”) generally will be taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gains includible in net capital gain and taxed to individuals at reduced rates relative to ordinary income. Distributions of net short-term capital gain (as reduced by any long-term capital loss for the taxable year) will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income, and shareholders will not be able to offset distributions of the Fund’s net short-term capital gains with capital losses that they recognize with respect to their other investments. As required by federal law, detailed federal tax information with respect to each calendar year will be furnished to each shareholder early in the succeeding year.

The ultimate tax characterization of the Fund’s distributions made in a taxable year cannot finally be determined until after the end of that taxable year. The Fund may make total distributions during a taxable year in an amount that exceeds the Fund’s “current and accumulated earnings and profits” (generally, the net investment income and net capital gains of the Fund with respect to that year), in which case the excess generally will be treated as a return of capital, which will be tax-free to the holders of the shares, up to the amount of the shareholder’s tax basis in the applicable shares, with any amounts exceeding such basis treated as gain from the sale of such shares.

Capital losses in excess of capital gains (“net capital losses”) are not permitted to be deducted against the Fund’s net investment income. Instead, potentially subject to certain limitations, the Fund may carry net capital losses from any taxable year forward to subsequent taxable years without expiration to offset capital gains, if any, realized during such subsequent taxable years. The Fund’s capital loss carryforwards are reduced to the extent they offset the Fund’s current-year net realized capital gains, whether the Fund retains or distributes such gains. The Fund must apply such carryforwards first against gains of the same character. The Fund’s available capital loss carryforwards, if any, will be set forth in its annual shareholder report for each fiscal year.

“Qualified dividend income” received by an individual will be taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain. In order for some portion of the dividends received by the Fund shareholder to be qualified dividend income, the Fund must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to some portion of the dividend-paying stocks in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Fund’s shares. In general, a dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or

 

34


shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date that is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment income for purposes of the limitation on deductibility of investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States) or (b) treated as a PFIC (as defined below).

In general, distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an individual, provided both the shareholder and the Fund meet the holding period and other requirements described above. If the aggregate qualified dividends received by the Fund during any taxable year are 95% or more of its gross income (excluding net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), then 100% of the Fund’s dividends (other than Capital Gain Dividends) will be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income. It is unclear whether or to what extent distributions from the Fund will constitute qualified dividend income.

If the Fund receives dividends from an Underlying Fund or another fund such as an ETF that qualifies as a regulated investment company (each, an “Underlying RIC”), and the Underlying RIC reports such dividends as qualified dividend income, then the Fund is permitted in turn to report a portion of its distributions as qualified dividend income, provided the Fund meets holding period and other requirements with respect to shares of the Underlying RIC.

In general, dividends of net investment income received by corporate shareholders of the Fund will qualify for the dividends-received deduction generally available to corporations to the extent of the amount of eligible dividends received by the Fund from domestic corporations for the taxable year. A dividend received by the Fund will not be treated as a dividend eligible for the dividends-received deduction (1) if it has been received with respect to any share of stock that the Fund has held for less than 46 days (91 days in the case of certain preferred stock) during the 91-day period beginning on the date which is 45 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date in the case of certain preferred stock) or (2) to the extent that the Fund is under an obligation (pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. Moreover, the dividends-received deduction may otherwise be disallowed or reduced (1) if the corporate shareholder fails to satisfy the foregoing requirements with respect to its shares of the Fund or (2) by application of various provisions of the Code (for instance, the dividends-received deduction is reduced in the case of a dividend received on debt-financed portfolio stock (generally, stock acquired with borrowed funds)). It is unclear whether or to what extent distributions from the Fund will qualify for the dividends-received deduction.

If the Fund receives dividends from an Underlying RIC, and the Underlying RIC reports such dividends as eligible for the dividends-received deduction, then the Fund is permitted in turn to report its distributions derived from those dividends as eligible for the dividends-received deduction as well, provided the Fund meets holding period and other requirements with respect to shares of the Underlying RIC.

Any distribution of income that is attributable to (i) income received by the Fund in lieu of dividends with respect to securities on loan pursuant to a securities lending transaction or (ii) dividend income received by such Fund on securities it temporarily purchased from a counterparty pursuant to a repurchase agreement that is treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a loan by the Fund will not constitute qualified dividend income to individual shareholders and will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction for corporate shareholders.

 

35


Pursuant to proposed regulations on which RICs may rely, distributions by a RIC to its shareholders that the RIC properly reports as “section 199A dividends,” as defined and subject to certain conditions described below, are treated as qualified REIT dividends in the hands of non-corporate shareholders. Non-corporate shareholders are permitted a federal income tax deduction equal to 20% of qualified REIT dividends received by them, subject to certain limitations. Very generally, a “section 199A dividend” is any dividend or portion thereof that is attributable to certain dividends received by the RIC from REITs, to the extent such dividends are properly reported as such by the RIC in a written notice to its shareholders. A section 199A dividend is treated as a qualified REIT dividend only if the shareholder receiving such dividend holds the dividend-paying RIC shares for at least 46 days of the 91-day period beginning 45 days before the shares become ex-dividend, and is not under an obligation to make related payments with respect to a position in substantially similar or related property. A RIC is permitted to report such part of its dividends as section 199A dividends as are eligible, but is not required to do so.

The Code generally imposes a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on the net investment income of certain individuals, trusts and estates to the extent their income exceeds certain threshold amounts. For these purposes, “net investment income” generally includes, among other things, (i) distributions paid by the Fund of net investment income and capital gains as described above, and (ii) any net gain from the sale, redemption or exchange of Fund shares. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisers regarding the possible implications of this additional tax on their investment in the Fund.

Dividends and distributions on shares of the Fund are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax as described herein to the extent they do not exceed the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholder’s investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when the net asset value of the Fund reflects either unrealized gains, or realized undistributed income or gains, which were therefore included in the price the shareholder paid. The Fund may be required to distribute realized income or gains regardless of whether its net asset value also reflects unrealized losses. Such distributions may reduce the fair market value of the Fund’s shares below the shareholder’s cost basis in those shares.

Sale, Exchange or Redemption of Shares

The sale, exchange or redemption of shares of the Fund will generally give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shareholder has held the shares for more than 12 months. Otherwise, the gain or loss on a taxable disposition of Fund shares will generally be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any Capital Gain Dividends received (or deemed received) by the shareholder with respect to the shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be disallowed under the Code’s “wash-sale” rule if other substantially identical shares of the Fund are purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.

If the Fund were to be deemed a “nonpublicly offered” RIC as described in “Expenses Subject to Special Pass-Through Rules” below, depending on a shareholder’s percentage ownership in that Fund, a shareholder’s partial redemption of Fund shares could cause the shareholder to be treated as having received a distribution under Section 301 of the Code (“Section 301 distribution”) unless the redemption is treated as being either (i) “substantially disproportionate” with respect to such shareholder or (ii) otherwise “not essentially equivalent to a dividend” under the relevant rules of the Code. A Section 301 distribution is not treated as a sale or exchange giving rise to capital gain or loss, but rather is treated as a dividend to the extent supported by the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, with the excess treated as a return of capital reducing the shareholder’s tax basis in its Fund shares, and thereafter as capital gain. Where a redeeming shareholder is treated as receiving a dividend, there is a risk that other shareholders of the Fund whose percentage interests in the Fund increase as a result of such redemption will be treated as having received a taxable distribution from the Fund.

 

36


Upon the sale, exchange or redemption of Fund shares, the Fund or, in the case of shares purchased through a financial intermediary, the financial intermediary, may be required to provide you and the IRS with cost basis and certain other related tax information about the Fund shares you sold, exchanged or redeemed. See “Tax Basis Information” below for more information.

Options, Futures, Forward Contracts, Swap Agreements, Hedges, Straddles and Other Transactions

Due to the Fund’s options strategies, a substantial portion of the Fund’s income could consist of short-term capital gains, taxable to shareholders as ordinary income when distributed to them; such income will not constitute qualified dividend income or qualify for the dividends-received deduction.

In general, option premiums received by the Fund are not immediately included in the income of the Fund. Instead, the premiums are recognized (i) when the option contract expires, (ii) the option is exercised by the holder or (iii) the Fund transfers or otherwise terminates the option (e.g., through a closing transaction). If securities are purchased by the Fund pursuant to the exercise of a put option written by it, the Fund generally will subtract the premium received for purposes of computing its cost basis in the securities purchased. In either case, provided the tax treatment of an option transaction is not governed by Section 1256 of the Code (discussed further below), gain or loss arising in respect of a termination of the Fund’s obligation under the option other than through the exercise of the option will be short-term gain or loss depending on whether the premium income received by the Fund is greater or less than the amount paid by the Fund (if any) in terminating the transaction. Thus, for example, if an option written by the Fund on a single stock expires unexercised, the Fund generally will recognize short-term gain equal to the premium received.

It is possible that certain of the Fund’s options transactions, such as certain listed “non-equity options” as defined in Section 1256 of the Code — which include certain options written on equity indices — will be governed by Section 1256 of the Code. Such options, together with regulated futures contracts, are referred to as “section 1256 contracts.” Gains or losses on section 1256 contracts generally are considered 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gains or losses (“60/40”), although certain foreign currency gains and losses from such contracts may be treated as ordinary in character. Also, section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of each taxable year (and, for purposes of the 4% excise tax, on certain other dates as prescribed under the Code) are “marked to market” with the result that unrealized gains or losses are treated as though they were realized and the resulting gain or loss is treated as ordinary or 60/40 gain or loss, as applicable.

In addition to the special rules described above in respect of futures and options transactions, the Fund’s transactions in other derivative instruments (e.g., forward contracts and swap agreements), foreign currencies and any of its other hedging, short sale, securities loan or similar transactions, may be subject to one or more special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, notional principal contract, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules). These rules may affect whether gains and losses recognized by the Fund are treated as ordinary or capital or as short-term or long-term, accelerate the recognition of income or gains to the Fund, defer losses to the Fund and cause adjustments in the holding periods of the Fund’s securities. These rules, therefore, could affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders. Because these and other tax rules applicable to these types of transactions are in some cases uncertain under current law, an adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS with respect to these rules (which determination or guidance could be retroactive) may affect whether the Fund has made sufficient distributions, and otherwise satisfied the relevant requirements, to maintain its qualification as a regulated investment company and avoid the Fund-level tax.

Certain of the Fund’s investments in derivative instruments and in foreign-currency denominated instruments, and any of the Fund’s transactions in foreign currencies and hedging activities, are likely to produce a difference between the Fund’s book income and the sum of its taxable income and net tax-exempt income (if any). If the Fund’s book income is less than the sum of its taxable income and net tax-exempt income (if any), the Fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment and to avoid the Fund-level tax. If, in the alternative, the Fund’s book income exceeds the sum of its taxable income (including realized capital gains) and net tax-exempt income (if

 

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any), the distribution (if any) of such excess will be treated as (i) a dividend to the extent of the Fund’s remaining earnings and profits (including earnings and profits arising from tax-exempt income), (ii) thereafter, as a return of capital to the extent of the recipient’s basis in its shares and (iii) thereafter, as gain from the sale or exchange of a capital asset.

Passive Foreign Investment Companies

A passive foreign investment company (a “PFIC”) is any foreign corporation: (i) 75% or more of the gross income of which for the taxable year is passive income, or (ii) the average percentage of the assets of which (generally by value, but by adjusted tax basis in certain cases) that produce or are held for the production of passive income is at least 50%. Generally, passive income for this purpose means dividends, interest (including income equivalent to interest), royalties, rents, annuities, the excess of gains over losses from certain property transactions and commodities transactions and foreign currency gains. Passive income for this purpose does not include rents and royalties received by the foreign corporation from active business and certain income received from related persons.

Equity investments by the Fund in certain PFICs could potentially subject the Fund to a U.S. federal income tax or other charge (including interest charges) on the distributions received from the PFIC or on proceeds received from the disposition of shares in the PFIC. This tax cannot be eliminated by making distributions to Fund shareholders. However, the Fund may elect to avoid the imposition of that tax. For example, if the Fund is in a position to and elects to treat a PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” (i.e., make a “QEF election”), the Fund will be required to include its share of the PFIC’s income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether it receives any distribution from the PFIC. Alternatively, the Fund may make an election to mark the gains (and to a limited extent losses) in such holdings “to the market” as though it had sold and repurchased its holdings in those PFICs on the last day of the Fund’s taxable year. Such gains and losses are treated as ordinary income and loss. The QEF and mark-to-market elections may accelerate the recognition of income (without the receipt of cash) and increase the amount required to be distributed by the Fund to avoid taxation. Making either of these elections therefore may require the Fund to liquidate other investments (including when it is not advantageous to do so) to meet its distribution requirement, which also may accelerate the recognition of gain and affect the Fund’s total return. If the Fund indirectly invests in PFICs by virtue of the Fund’s investments in an Underlying RICs, such as an ETF, it may not make such PFIC elections; rather, the Underlying RICs directly investing in the PFICs would decide whether to make such elections. Dividends paid by PFICs will not be eligible to be treated as “qualified dividend income.” Because it is not always possible to identify a foreign corporation as a PFIC, the Fund may incur the tax and interest charges described above in some instances.

Original Issue Discount, Market Discount

Some debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance (and all zero-coupon debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) will be treated as debt obligations that are issued originally at a discount. Generally, the amount of the original issue discount (“OID”) is treated as interest income and is included in the Fund’s taxable income (and required to be distributed by the Fund) over the term of the debt obligation, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time (i.e., upon partial or full repayment or disposition of the debt security) or is received in kind rather than in cash. Increases in the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond will be treated as OID.

Some debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance that are acquired by the Fund in the secondary market are treated as having “market discount.” Very generally, market discount is the excess of the stated redemption price of a debt obligation (or in the case of an obligation issued with OID, its “revised issue price”) over the purchase price of such obligation. In the case of higher-risk securities, the amount of market discount may be unclear. See “Higher-Risk Securities.” Subject to the discussion below regarding Section 451 of the Code, (i) generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt obligation having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the “accrued market discount” on such debt obligation,

 

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(ii) alternatively, the Fund may elect to accrue market discount currently, in which case the Fund will be required to include the accrued market discount in the Fund’s income (as ordinary income) and thus distribute it over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, upon partial or full repayment or disposition of the debt security, and (iii) the rate at which the market discount accrues, and thus is included in the Fund’s income, will depend upon which of the permitted accrual methods the Fund elects. Notwithstanding the foregoing, effective for taxable years beginning after 2017, Section 451 of the Code generally requires any accrual method taxpayer to take into account items of gross income no later than the time at which such items are taken into account as revenue in the taxpayer’s financial statements. The IRS and the Department of the Treasury have issued proposed regulations providing that this rule does not apply to the accrual of market discount. If this rule were to apply to the accrual of market discount, the Fund would be required to include in income any market discount as it takes the same into account on its financial statements.

Some debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance may be treated as having “acquisition discount” (very generally, the excess of the stated redemption price over the purchase price), or OID in the case of certain types of debt obligations. Generally, the Fund will be required to include the acquisition discount, or OID, in income (as ordinary income) over the term of the debt obligation, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, upon partial or full repayment or disposition of the debt security. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt obligations having acquisition discount, or OID, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.

If the Fund holds the foregoing kinds of securities, it may be required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount that is greater than the total amount of cash interest the Fund actually received. Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of the Fund or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if necessary (including when it is not advantageous to do so). The Fund may realize gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event the Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions.

Securities Purchased at a Premium

Very generally, where the Fund purchases a bond at a price that exceeds the redemption price at maturity — that is, at a premium — the premium is amortizable over the remaining term of the bond. In the case of a taxable bond, if the Fund makes an election applicable to all such bonds it purchases, which election is irrevocable without consent of the IRS, the Fund reduces the current taxable income from the bond by the amortized premium and reduces its tax basis in the bond by the amount of such offset; upon the disposition or maturity of such bonds, the Fund is permitted to deduct any remaining premium allocable to a prior period.

Higher-Risk Securities

Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present special tax issues for the Fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income. In limited circumstances, it may also not be clear whether the Fund should recognize market discount on a debt obligation, and if so, what amount of market discount the Fund should recognize. These and other related issues will be addressed by the Fund when, as and if it invests in such securities, in order to seek to ensure that it distributes sufficient income to preserve its eligibility for treatment as a regulated investment company and does not become subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.

Issuer Deductibility of Interest

A portion of the interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations owned by the Fund may not be deductible to (and thus, may affect the cash flow of) the issuer. If a portion of the interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations is not deductible, that portion will be treated as a dividend for purposes of

 

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the corporate dividends received deduction. In such cases, if the issuer of the high yield discount obligations is a domestic corporation, dividend payments by the Fund may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction to the extent of the deemed dividend portion of such accrued interest. Interest paid on debt obligations owned by the Fund, if any, that are considered for U.S. tax purposes to be payable in the equity of the issuer or a related party will not be deductible to the issuer, possibly affecting the cash flow of the issuer.

Tax-Exempt Shareholders

Income of a regulated investment company that would be UBTI if earned directly by a tax-exempt entity will not generally be attributed as UBTI to a tax-exempt shareholder of a regulated investment company. Notwithstanding this “blocking” effect, a tax-exempt shareholder could recognize UBTI by virtue of its investment in the Fund if shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 514(b).

Foreign Shareholders

In general, the Fund’s dividends are not subject to a U.S. withholding tax when paid to a shareholder that is not a “U.S. Person” within the meaning of the Code (such a shareholder, a “foreign shareholder”) to the extent properly reported by the Fund as (1) interest-related dividends or short-term capital gains dividends, each as defined below and subject to certain conditions described below, (2) Capital Gain Dividends or (3) distributions treated as a return of capital with respect to such foreign shareholder.

The exception to withholding for “interest-related dividends” generally applies with respect to distributions (other than distributions to a foreign shareholder (w) that does not provide a satisfactory statement that the beneficial owner is not a U.S. person, (x) to the extent that the dividend is attributable to certain interest on an obligation if the foreign shareholder is the issuer or is a 10% shareholder of the issuer, (y) that is within certain foreign countries that have inadequate information exchange with the United States or (z) to the extent the dividend is attributable to interest paid by a person that is a related person of the foreign shareholder and the foreign shareholder is a controlled foreign corporation) from U.S.-source interest income of types similar to those not subject to U.S. federal income tax if earned directly by an individual foreign shareholder, to the extent such distributions are properly reported as such by the Fund in a written notice to shareholders (“interest-related dividends”). The exception to withholding for “short-term capital gain dividends” generally applies with respect to distributions (other than (a) distributions to an individual foreign shareholder who is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the distribution or (b) distributions subject to special rules regarding the disposition of U.S. real property interests) of net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses to the extent such distributions are properly reported by the Fund (“short-term capital gain dividends”). If the Fund invests in an Underlying RIC that pays such distributions to the Fund, such distributions retain their character as not subject to withholding if properly reported when paid by the Fund to foreign shareholders. The Fund is permitted to report such part of its dividends as interest-related or short-term capital gain dividends as are eligible, but is not required to do so. In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may withhold even if the Fund reports all or a portion of a payment as an interest-related or short-term capital gain dividend to shareholders. These exemptions from withholding will not be available to foreign shareholders of the Fund if it does not currently report its dividends as interest-related or short-term capital gain dividends. Foreign shareholders should contact their intermediaries regarding the application of these rules to their accounts.

Distributions by the Fund to foreign shareholders other than Capital Gain Dividends, interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends (e.g., distributions attributable to dividends and foreign-source interest income) are generally subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate).

Under U.S. federal tax law, a foreign shareholder generally is not subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a deduction for losses) realized on the sale of shares of the Fund or on Capital Gain

 

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Dividends, interest-related dividends or short-term capital gain dividends unless (i) such gain or dividend is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business carried on by such holder within the United States, or (ii) in the case of an individual holder, the holder is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the sale or the receipt of the Capital Gain Dividend and certain other conditions are met. Foreign shareholders should consult their tax advisers and, if holding shares through intermediaries, their intermediaries, concerning the application of these rules to their investment in the Fund.

Foreign shareholders with respect to whom income from the Fund is effectively connected with a trade or business conducted by the foreign shareholder within the United States will in general be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the income derived from the Fund at the graduated rates applicable to U.S. citizens, residents or domestic corporations, whether such income is received in cash or reinvested in shares of the Fund and, in the case of a foreign corporation, may also be subject to a branch profits tax.

If a foreign shareholder is eligible for the benefits of a tax treaty, any effectively connected income or gain will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis only if it is also attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the shareholder in the United States. More generally, foreign shareholders who are residents in a country with an income tax treaty with the United States may obtain different tax results than those described herein, and are urged to consult their tax advisers.

In order to qualify for any exemptions from withholding described above or for lower withholding tax rates under income tax treaties, or to establish an exemption from backup withholding, a foreign shareholder must comply with special certification and filing requirements relating to its non-U.S. status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN or Form W-8BEN-E or substitute form). Foreign shareholders in the Fund should consult their tax advisers in this regard.

Special rules (including withholding and reporting requirements) apply to foreign partnerships and those holding Fund shares through foreign partnerships. Additional considerations may apply to foreign trusts and estates. Investors holding Fund shares through foreign entities should consult their tax advisers about their particular situation. A beneficial holder of shares who is a foreign shareholder may be subject to state and local tax and to the U.S. federal estate tax in addition to the federal tax on income referred to above.

Backup Withholding

The Fund generally is required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and redemption proceeds paid to any individual shareholder who fails to properly furnish the Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number, who has under-reported dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify to the Fund that he or she is not subject to such withholding.

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the appropriate information is furnished to the IRS.

Tax Basis Information

The Fund (or its administrative agent) must report to the IRS and furnish to Fund shareholders the cost basis information and holding period for Fund shares purchased on or after January 1, 2012. The Fund will permit Fund shareholders to elect from among several IRS-accepted cost basis methods, including average cost. In the absence of an election, shareholder cost basis will be determined under the default method selected by the Fund. The cost basis method a shareholder elects (or the cost basis method applied by default) may not be changed with respect to a redemption of shares after the settlement date of the redemption. Fund shareholders should consult with their tax advisers to determine the best IRS-accepted cost basis method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about how the new cost basis reporting rules apply to them.

Tax Shelter Reporting Regulations

Under U.S. Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to the Fund’s shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the

 

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shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a regulated investment company are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all regulated investment companies. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.

Shareholder Reporting Obligations with Respect to Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts

Shareholders that are U.S. persons and own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the Fund by vote or value could be required to report annually their “financial interest” in the Fund’s “foreign financial accounts,” if any, on FinCEN Form 114, Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts. Shareholders should consult a tax adviser, and persons investing in the Fund through an intermediary should contact their intermediary, regarding the applicability to them of this reporting requirement.

Other Reporting and Withholding Requirements

Sections 1471-1474 of the Code and the U.S. Treasury Regulations and IRS guidance issued thereunder (collectively, “FATCA”) generally require the Fund to obtain information sufficient to identify the status of each of its shareholders under FATCA or under an applicable intergovernmental agreement (an “IGA”). If a shareholder fails to provide this information or otherwise fails to comply with FATCA or an IGA, the Fund or its agent may be required to withhold under FATCA 30% of the distributions, other than distributions properly reported as Capital Gain Dividends, the Fund pays to shareholders. If a payment by the Fund is subject to FATCA withholding, the Fund or its agent is required to withhold even if such payment would otherwise be exempt from withholding under the rules applicable to foreign shareholders described above. The IRS and the Department of Treasury have issued proposed regulations providing that the gross proceeds of share redemptions or exchanges and Capital Gain Dividends the Fund pays will not be subject to FATCA withholding.

Each prospective investor is urged to consult its tax adviser regarding the applicability of FATCA and any other reporting requirements with respect to the prospective investor’s own situation, including investments through an intermediary. In addition, foreign countries have implemented or are considering, and may implement, laws similar in purpose and scope to FATCA, as more fully described above.

Expenses Subject to Special Pass-Through Rules

The Fund will not be considered to be a “publicly offered” RIC if it does not have at least 500 investors at all times during a taxable year, is not regularly traded on an established securities market, and its shares are not treated as continuously offered pursuant to a public offering. It is possible that the Fund will not be treated as a “publicly offered” RIC for one or more of its taxable years. Very generally, pursuant to Treasury Department regulations, expenses of a RIC that is not “publicly offered,” except those specific to its status as a RIC or separate entity (e.g., registration fees or transfer agency fees), are subject to special “pass-through” rules. These expenses (which include direct and certain indirect advisory fees) are treated as additional dividends to certain Fund shareholders (generally including other RICs that are not “publicly offered,” individuals and entities that compute their taxable income in the same manner as an individual), and are, other than in the case of a shareholder that is a RIC that is not “publicly offered”, not deductible by those shareholders under current law.

Shares Purchased through Tax-Qualified Plans

Special tax rules apply to investments through defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified plans. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers to determine the suitability of shares of the Fund as an investment through such plans, and the precise effect of an investment on their particular tax situation.

Shareholders should consult their own tax advisers as to the state or local tax consequences of investing in the Fund.

 

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PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

Investment Decisions and Portfolio Transactions

Investment decisions for the Fund are made with a view to achieving its investment objective. Investment decisions are the product of many factors in addition to basic suitability for the particular client involved (including the Fund). Some securities considered for investment by the Fund also may be appropriate for other accounts managed by the Adviser. Thus, a particular security may be bought or sold for certain accounts even though it could have been bought or sold for other accounts at the same time. If a purchase or sale of securities consistent with the investment policies of the Fund and one or more of these other accounts is considered at or about the same time, transactions in such securities will generally be allocated among the Fund and other accounts in the manner described above under “Potential Conflicts of Interest — Allocation of Investment Opportunities” and “— Conflicts of Interest Among Strategies” above. When the Adviser determines that an investment opportunity is appropriate for the Fund and one or more other accounts, the Adviser will generally execute transactions for the Fund on an aggregated basis with the other accounts when the Adviser believes that to do so will allow it to obtain best execution and to negotiate more favorable commission rates or other transaction costs that might have otherwise been paid had such orders been placed independently. Aggregation, or “bunching,” describes a procedure whereby an investment adviser combines the orders of two or more clients into a single order for the purpose of obtaining better prices and lower execution costs.

Brokerage and Research Services

There is generally no stated commission in the case of securities traded on a principal basis in the over-the-counter markets, but the price paid by the Fund usually includes an undisclosed dealer commission or markup. In underwritten offerings, the price paid by the Fund includes a disclosed, fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer. Transactions on U.S. stock exchanges and other agency transactions involve the payment by the Fund of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions vary among different brokers. Also, a particular broker may charge different commissions according to such factors as the difficulty and size of the transaction. Transactions in non-U.S. securities generally involve the payment of fixed brokerage commissions, which are generally higher than those in the United States. The purchase by the Fund of participations or assignments may be pursuant to privately negotiated transactions pursuant to which the Fund may be required to pay fees to the seller or forego a portion of payments in respect of the participation agreement.

The Adviser places orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio securities, options and futures contracts and buys and sells such securities, options and futures for the Fund through multiple brokers and dealers. The Adviser will place trades for execution only with approved brokers or dealers. In effecting such purchases and sales, the Adviser seeks the most favorable price and execution of the Fund’s orders. In doing so, the Fund may pay higher commissions than the lowest available when the Adviser believes it is reasonable to do so. In seeking the most favorable price and execution, the Adviser, having in mind the Fund’s best interests, considers all factors it deems relevant, including, price, the size of the transaction, the nature of the market for the security, the amount of the commission, the timing of the transaction taking into account market prices and trends, the reputation, experience and financial stability of the broker-dealer involved and the quality of service rendered by the broker-dealer in that or other transactions.

It has for many years been a common practice in the investment advisory business for advisers of investment companies and other institutional investors to receive research and brokerage products and services (together, “research and brokerage services”) from broker-dealers which execute portfolio transactions for the clients of such advisers. Consistent with this practice, the Adviser may receive research and brokerage services from broker-dealers with which the Adviser places the Fund’s portfolio transactions. These research and brokerage services, which in some cases also may be purchased for cash, may include, among other things, such items as general economic and security market reviews, industry and company reviews, evaluations of securities, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities and services related to the execution of securities

 

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transactions. The advisory fees paid by the Fund is not reduced because the Adviser receives such research and brokerage services even though the receipt of such research and brokerage services relieves the Adviser from expenses they might otherwise bear. Research and brokerage services provided by broker-dealers chosen by the Adviser to place the Fund’s transactions may be useful to the Adviser in providing services to the Adviser’s other clients, although not all of these research and brokerage services may be necessarily useful and of value to the Adviser in managing the Fund. Conversely, research and brokerage services provided to the Adviser by broker-dealers in connection with trades executed on behalf of other clients of the Adviser may be useful to the Adviser in managing the Fund, although not all of these research and brokerage services may be necessarily useful and of value to the Adviser in managing such other clients. To the extent the Adviser uses such research and brokerage services, it will use them for the benefit of all clients, to the extent reasonably practicable. Currently, the Adviser does not direct portfolio transactions for the Fund to a particular broker-dealer because the broker dealer provides soft dollar benefits to the Adviser.

In reliance on the “safe harbor” provided by Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act, the Adviser may cause the Fund to pay a broker-dealer which provides “brokerage and research services” (as defined for purposes of Section 28(e)) to the Adviser an amount of commission for effecting a securities transaction for the Fund in excess of the commission which another broker-dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the Adviser makes a good faith determination that the commissions are reasonable in relation to the value of brokerage and research services provided, viewed in terms of either a particular transaction or the Adviser’s overall responsibilities to all discretionary accounts.

The Adviser may place orders for the purchase and sale of exchange-listed portfolio securities with a broker-dealer that is an affiliate of the Adviser where, in the judgment of the Adviser, such firm will be able to obtain a price and execution at least as favorable as other qualified broker-dealers. Pursuant to rules of the Commission, a broker-dealer that is an affiliate of the Adviser may receive and retain compensation for effecting portfolio transactions for the Fund on a securities exchange if the commissions paid to such an affiliated broker-dealer by the Fund on exchange transactions do not exceed “usual and customary brokerage commissions.” The rules define “usual and customary” commissions to include amounts which are “reasonable and fair compared to the commission, fee or other remuneration received or to be received by other brokers in connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold on a securities exchange during a comparable period of time.”

The Fund paid the following brokerage commissions during the most recent three fiscal years ended October 31.

 

Fiscal Year Ended
October 31, 2017
  Fiscal Year Ended
October 31, 2018
  Fiscal Year Ended
October 31, 2019
    $19,487       $ 10,298     $ 3,598

Regular Broker Dealers. The Fund is required to identify the securities of its regular brokers or dealers (as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the 1940 Act) or their parent companies held by the Fund as of the close of their most recent fiscal year and state the value of such holdings. The Fund did not acquire securities of its regular brokers or dealers or of their parents during the fiscal year ended October  31, 2019.

DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST

The Trustees are responsible for the management and supervision of the Trust. The Declaration of Trust permits the Trustees to issue an unlimited number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest of the Fund or other series of the Trust with or without par value. Under the Declaration of Trust, the Trustees have the authority to create and classify shares of beneficial interest in separate series and classes without further action by shareholders. Additional series may be added in the future. The Trustees also have authorized the issuance of two classes of shares for the Fund, designated as Class I and Class M. Additional classes of shares may be authorized in the future.

The shares of each class of the Fund represent an equal proportionate interest in the net assets attributable to that class of the Fund. Holders of each class of shares have certain exclusive voting rights on matters relating to their

 

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respective distribution plan, if any. The different classes of the Fund may bear different expenses relating to the cost of holding shareholder meetings necessitated by the exclusive voting rights of any class of shares.

Dividends paid by the Fund, if any, with respect to each class of shares will be calculated in the same manner, at the same time and on the same day and will be in the same amount, except for differences resulting from the facts that: (i) the distribution and service fees, if any, relating to each class will be borne exclusively by that class; and (ii) each class of shares will bear any class expenses properly allocable to that class of shares, subject to the conditions the IRS imposes with respect to the multiple- class structures. Similarly, the NAV per share may vary depending on which class of shares is purchased. No interest will be paid on uncashed dividend or redemption checks.

Unless otherwise required by the 1940 Act or the Declaration of Trust, the Trust has no intention of holding annual meetings of shareholders. Trust shareholders may remove a Trustee by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the Trust’s outstanding shares and the Trustees shall promptly call a meeting for such purpose when requested to do so in writing by the record holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Trust. Shareholders may, under certain circumstances, communicate with other shareholders in connection with requesting a special meeting of shareholders. However, at any time that less than a majority of the Trustees holding office were elected by the shareholders, the Trustees will call a special meeting of shareholders for the purpose of electing Trustees.

In the event of liquidation, shareholders of each Class are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets of the applicable Fund available for distribution to these shareholders. Shares entitle their holders to one vote per share (and fractional votes for fractional shares), are freely transferable and have no preemptive, subscription or conversion rights. When issued, shares are fully paid and non-assessable.

The Declaration of Trust disclaims shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust. The Declaration of Trust further provides for indemnification out of the Fund’s property for all loss and expense of any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the Fund by reason of owning shares of such Fund. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is considered remote since it is limited to circumstances in which the disclaimer is inoperative and the Fund itself would be unable to meet its obligations.

The Declaration of Trust further provides that the Board will not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law. However, nothing in the Declaration of Trust protects a Trustee against any liability to which the Trustee would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office. The Declaration of Trust of the Trust provides for indemnification by the Trust of Trustees and officers of the Trust, however, such persons may not be indemnified against any liability to the Trust or the Trust’s shareholders to whom he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.

PURCHASES AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES

The Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase order application that conflicts with the Fund’s internal policies or the policies of any regulatory authority. All checks must be in U.S. Dollars drawn on a domestic bank (i.e., a bank with a branch in the U.S.). The Fund will not accept payment in cash or money orders. The Fund does not accept postdated checks or any conditional order or payment. To prevent check fraud, the Fund will not accept third-party checks, Treasury checks, credit card checks, traveler’s checks or starter checks for the purchase of shares.

If you elect to receive distributions and/or dividends by check and the post office cannot deliver the check, or if the check remains uncashed for six months, the Fund reserves the right to reinvest the distribution check in your Fund account at the then current NAV per share and to reinvest all subsequent distributions in shares of such Fund.

 

45


Information provided on the account application may be used by the Fund to verify the accuracy of the information or for background or financial history purposes. A joint account will be administered as a joint tenancy with right of survivorship, unless the joint owners notify the transfer agent of a different intent. A shareholder’s account is governed by the laws of the State of Delaware. For telephone transactions, the Transfer Agent will take measures to verify the identity of the caller, such as asking for name, account number, Social Security or other taxpayer ID number and other relevant information. If appropriate measures are taken, the Transfer Agent is not responsible for any loss that may occur to any account due to an unauthorized telephone call. Also for your protection telephone redemptions are not permitted on accounts whose names or addresses have changed within the past 30 days. Proceeds from telephone transactions can be mailed to the address of record or sent via wire or ACH to the bank of record pre-established on the account.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The audited financial statements and notes thereto in the Fund’s Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal year ended on October 31, 2019, as filed with the Commission on January 9, 2020 (File No. 811-22761) (the “Annual Report”), are incorporated into this SAI by reference. The financial statements included in the Annual Report have been audited by Ernst & Young, LLP, whose report thereon is also incorporated herein by reference. No other parts of the Annual Report are incorporated by reference herein. Copies of the Annual Report may be obtained at no charge by calling the Fund at (855) 609-3680.

 

46


APPENDIX A

SECURITIES RATINGS

The rating of a rating service represents the service’s opinion as to the credit quality of the security being rated. However, the ratings are general and are not absolute standards of quality or guarantees as to the creditworthiness of an issuer. Consequently, the Adviser believes that the quality of debt securities in which the Fund invests should be continuously reviewed. A rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell or hold a security, because it does not take into account market value or suitability for a particular investor. When a security has received a rating from more than one service, each rating should be evaluated independently. Ratings are based on current information furnished by the issuer or obtained by the ratings services from other sources, which they consider reliable. Ratings may be changed, suspended or withdrawn as a result of changes in or unavailability of such information or for other reasons.

The following is a description of the characteristics of ratings used by Moody’s and S&P Global Ratings.

Moody’s Ratings*

Aaa—Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.

Aa—Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.

A—Obligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium-grade and are subject to low credit risk.

Baa—Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.

Ba—Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.

B—Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.

Caa—Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.

Ca—Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.

C—Obligations rated C are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.

*Note: Moody’s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2 and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.

S&P Global Ratings*

AAA—An obligation rated ‘AAA’ has the highest rating assigned by S&P Global Ratings. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is extremely strong.

AA—An obligation rated ‘AA’ differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is very strong.

A—An obligation rated ‘A’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is still strong.

 

A-1


BBB—An obligation rated ‘BBB’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to weaken the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

BB; B; CCC; CC; and C—Obligations rated ‘BB’, ‘B’, ‘CCC’, ‘CC’ and ‘C’ are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. ‘BB’ indicates the least degree of speculation and ‘C’ the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.

BB—An obligation rated ‘BB’ is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial or economic conditions that could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

B—An obligation rated ‘B’ is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated ‘BB’, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. Adverse business, financial or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

CCC—An obligation rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

CC—An obligation rated ‘CC’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The ‘CC’ rating is used when a default has not yet occurred but S&P Global Ratings expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.

C—An obligation rated ‘C’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared with obligations that are rated higher.

D—An obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P Global Ratings believes that such payments will be made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. A rating on an obligation is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.

NR—This indicates that a rating has not been assigned or is no longer assigned.

*The ratings from ‘AA’ to ‘CCC’ may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the rating categories.

 

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APPENDIX B

STONE RIDGE ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

I. Governing Standards

The Registered Funds have delegated to the Adviser the responsibility for voting Fund securities. Private Funds may delegate such responsibility to the Adviser. As a fiduciary, an investment adviser with proxy voting authority has a duty to monitor corporate events and to vote proxies, as well as a duty to cast votes in the best interest of clients and not subrogate client interests to its own interests. The Adviser has adopted these written proxy voting policies and procedures (the “Proxy Policy”) as required under Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisers Act. In addition to covering the voting of equity securities, the Proxy Policy also applies generally to voting and/or consent rights of fixed income securities, including but not limited to, plans of reorganization, and waivers and consents under applicable indentures. The Proxy Policy does not apply, however, to consent rights that primarily entail decisions to buy or sell investments, such as tender or exchange offers, conversions, put options, redemption and Dutch auctions. The Proxy Policy, which has been designed to ensure that the Adviser votes proxies in the best interest of its clients and provides clients with information about how their proxies are voted, contains procedures to mitigate conflicts of interests between clients and the Adviser and its affiliated persons1 when voting proxies.

For the avoidance of doubt, the Proxy Policy applies to shareholder votes and consents that the Adviser has authority to exercise on behalf of a Fund, including votes and consents for private entities that do not involve proxies. All references to votes by proxy in this Proxy Policy shall be interpreted to include both votes by proxy and votes and consents that do not involve proxies.

II. Policy

The Proxy Policy applies to those client accounts that contain voting securities and for which the Adviser has been delegated the authority to vote client proxies. When voting proxies for client accounts, the Adviser’s primary objective is to make voting decisions solely in the best interest of all clients for which it manages assets. The Adviser has selected an unaffiliated third party proxy research and voting service, Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. (“ISS” or “Proxy Voting Service”), to assist it in researching, recordkeeping and voting of proxies. With respect to each proxy received, the Proxy Voting Service researches the financial implications of the proposals and provides a recommendation to the Adviser as to how to vote on each proposal based on the Proxy Voting Service’s research of the individual facts and circumstances and the Proxy Voting Service’s application of its research findings to an applicable set of guidelines, the ISS’ Proxy Voting Summary Guidelines (“ISS Guidelines”). The ISS Guidelines are intended to provide a general overview by highlighting the key policies that ISS applies to companies listed in the applicable geographic region. However, ISS’ analysis is on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration sector, industry and business performance factors. These guidelines have been approved by the Adviser and, although the Adviser intends to vote consistently with the voting recommendation of the Proxy Voting Service, upon the recommendation of the applicable portfolio managers, the Adviser may determine to override any recommendation made by the Proxy Voting Service or abstain from voting. In the event that the Proxy Voting Service does not provide a recommendation with respect to a proposal, as in the case of votes involving private issuers, the Adviser may determine to vote on the proposals directly and will do so in a manner consistent with the principles set forth in this Proxy Voting Policy.

The Adviser may determine not to vote a proxy if: (1) the effect on the applicable economic interests or the value of the portfolio holding is insignificant in relation to an individual’s account portfolio or in the aggregate

 

1 

A firm’s affiliated persons are defined in this Proxy Policy to include: (1) all officers, partners, directors (or any person performing similar functions); (2) all persons directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with the adviser; and (3) all current employees.

 

B-1


with all clients; (2) the cost of voting the proxy outweighs the possible benefit to the applicable account, including, without limitation, situations where a jurisdiction imposes share blocking restrictions which may affect the ability of the portfolio managers to effect trades in the related security; or (3) the Adviser otherwise has determined that it is consistent with its fiduciary obligations not to vote the proxy.

In addition, neither the Adviser nor the Proxy Voting Service will be able to vote for any securities on loan by an account. In the event that the Adviser is aware of a material vote on behalf of a client with respect to securities on loan by the custodian, the Adviser will call back the loan to vote the proxy if the Adviser determines that the benefits to the client of voting on such proposal outweigh the benefits to the client of having the security remain out on loan, and if time permits.

The Adviser will not accept direction on how to vote individual proxies for which it has voting responsibility from any other person or organization other than Adviser personnel or the Proxy Voting Service.

III. Conflicts of Interest Procedures

For voting of securities, the Adviser believes that application of the ISS Guidelines to vote proxies should, in most cases, adequately address any possible conflicts of interest since the ISS Guidelines are predetermined. As a general practice, the Adviser will vote in accordance with the voting recommendation provided by ISS. In the event that the Adviser wishes to vote against the independent voting recommendation, the Adviser requires CCO approval prior to a vote being cast.

Upon the identification or notice received by the CCO that there is a potential conflict of interest with respect to casting a vote, the CCO will discuss the proxy with the relevant portfolio manager(s) and other senior management in order to determine if the potential conflict is material. In instances where a portfolio manager proposes to vote a proxy inconsistent with the ISS Guidelines and a potential immaterial conflict is identified, the CCO will review the proxy votes in order to determine whether a portfolio manager’s voting rationale appears reasonable. Upon the detection of a material potential conflict of interest, the CCO has final decision-making authority regarding the Adviser’s course of action for the proxy. The CCO will seek to cause the proxy to be voted in a manner consistent with the client’s best interests.

IV. Review

The Adviser will supervise and, no less frequently than annually, review its proxy voting activities and the implementation of the Proxy Voting Policy.

V. Recordkeeping

The Adviser must maintain (or must ensure that ISS maintains) the documentation to support its proxy voting decisions and votes cast on behalf of the Funds for a period of not less than six years, the first two years at its principal place of business. The Adviser will be responsible for the following procedures and for ensuring that the required documentation is retained.

VI. Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures Specific to Registered Funds

a. Regulatory Requirements

The Registered Funds will disclose in their SAIs and for closed-end funds, in item 7 of the Form N-CSR, a description of their adopted policies and procedures that the Fund uses to determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities, including the procedures that the Fund uses when a vote presents a conflict between the interests of Fund shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the Fund’s investment adviser; principal underwriter; or any affiliated person of the Fund, its investment adviser, or its principal underwriter, on the other.

The Registered Funds are also required to include in their SAIs any policies and procedures of the Fund’s investment adviser, or any other third party, that the Funds use, or that are used on the Funds’ behalf, to determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities.

 

B-2


Rule 30b1-4 under the 1940 Act requires mutual funds to file with the SEC an annual record of proxies voted by a fund on Form N-PX. Form N-PX must be filed each year no later than August 31 and must contain each Registered Fund’s proxy voting record for the most recent twelve-month period ending June 30.

The Registered Funds must also state in their disclosure documents (in their SAIs and shareholder reports) that information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available (1) without charge, upon request, by calling a specified toll-free (or collect) telephone number; or on or through the Trust’s website at a specified Internet address; or both; and (2) on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

If a Registered Fund discloses that its proxy voting record is available by calling a toll-free (or collect) telephone number, and the Registered Fund (or financial intermediary through which shares of the Registered Fund may be purchased or sold) receives a request for this information, the Registered Fund (or financial intermediary) must send the information disclosed in the Registered Fund’s most recently filed report on Form N-PX, within three business days of receipt of the request, by first-class mail or other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery.

If a Registered Fund discloses that the its proxy voting record is available on or through its website, the Registered Fund must make available free of charge the information disclosed in the Registered Fund’s most recently filed report on Form N-PX on or through its website as soon as reasonably practicable after filing the report with the SEC. The information disclosed in the Fund’s most recently filed report on Form N-PX must remain available on or through the Registered Fund’s website for as long as the Registered Fund remains subject to the requirements of Rule 30b1-4 and discloses that the Registered Fund’s proxy voting record is available on or through its website.

b. Compliance with Disclosure Requirements

The Registered Funds satisfy the requirement to provide in an Appendix to the SAI, or in the annual filing of the Form N-CSR, as applicable, a description of the policies and procedures that they use to determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities by including a copy or summary of the Adviser’s policies and procedures as stated in Sections I through V of this policy.

The Registered Funds will make information on how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities through the Form N-PX during the most recent prior 12-month period ending June 30 available without charge upon request, by calling the Trust’s toll free number.

The Registered Funds may rely upon their respective Fund Administrator to prepare and make their filings on Form N-PX. The Adviser shall assist the Fund Administrator by providing information regarding any proxy votes made for the Registered Funds within the most recent twelve-month period ending June 30. The Adviser shall retain records of any such votes with sufficient information to make accurate annual Form N-PX filings.

c. Policy Changes

Any material changes to the Proxy Policy, or to the proxy voting guidelines used by the Adviser, must be reviewed by the Board as soon as practical after implementing such changes.

 

B-3


PART C. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 28. Exhibits

 

(a)

 

(1)

   Amended and Restated Certificate of Trust of Stone Ridge Trust (the “Registrant”), dated as of October 23, 2015, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (1)(d) filed with the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-14, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) via EDGAR on September 27, 2016.
 

(2)

   Third Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Registrant, dated as of January 24, 2017, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(2) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 33 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 28, 2017.

(b)

     Bylaws of the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (b) filed with Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on December 10, 2012.

(c)

     Not applicable.

(d)

 

(1)

   Investment Management Agreement between Stone Ridge Asset Management LLC (“Stone Ridge”) and the Registrant on behalf of each of Stone Ridge Reinsurance Risk Premium Fund and Stone Ridge High Yield Reinsurance Risk Premium Fund, dated as of January 11, 2013, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (d)(1) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 28 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 26, 2016.
 

(2)

   Investment Management Agreement between Stone Ridge and the Registrant on behalf of each of Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Large Cap Variance Risk Premium Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Variance Risk Premium Fund)) and Stone Ridge U.S. Small Cap Variance Risk Premium Fund, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (d)(2) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to its initial Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on April 5, 2013.  


  (3)    Investment Management Agreement between Stone Ridge and the Registrant on behalf of Stone Ridge U.S. Variance Risk Premium Master Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Master Variance Risk Premium Fund), incorporated by reference to Exhibit (d)(3) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on April 5, 2013.
  (4)    Investment Management Agreement between Stone Ridge and the Registrant on behalf of Stone Ridge International Developed Markets Variance Risk Premium Fund and Stone Ridge Emerging Markets Variance Risk Premium Fund, dated as of January 23, 2014, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (d)(4) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 26, 2016.
  (5)    Investment Management Agreement between Stone Ridge and the Registrant on behalf of Stone Ridge International Variance Risk Premium Master Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge International Master Variance Risk Premium Fund), dated as of September 19, 2013, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (d)(5) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 26, 2016.
  (6)    Investment Management Agreement between Stone Ridge and the Registrant on behalf of Stone Ridge Global Equity Variance Risk Premium Master Fund, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (d)(6) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 21 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on June 23, 2014.
  (7)    Investment Management Agreement between Stone Ridge and the Registrant on behalf of Elements U.S. Portfolio, Elements U.S. Small Cap Portfolio, Elements International Portfolio, Elements International Small Cap Portfolio and Elements Emerging Markets Portfolio, dated as of January 24, 2017, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (d)(7) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 35 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 28, 2017.
(e)   (1)    Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”), dated as of April 16, 2018, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (e) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 48 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on January 30, 2019.
  (2)    Amendment No. 1 to the Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and the Distributor, dated as of October 28, 2019, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (e)(2) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on December 20, 2019.
(f)      Not applicable.


(g)   (1)    Amended and Restated Custody Agreement between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, dated as of October 30, 2017, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (g) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on December 20, 2017.
  (2)    Form of First Amendment to the Amended and Restated Custody Agreement between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, dated as of January 29, 2020, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (g)(2) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 58 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 28, 2020.
  (3)    Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and Brown Brothers Harriman & Co., dated as of April 10, 2018, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (g)(2) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 46 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on September 28, 2018.
(h)   (1)    Amended and Restated Fund Administration Servicing Agreement between the Registrant, on behalf of its series, and U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC (the “Administrator”), dated as of October 30, 2017, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(1) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on December 20, 2017.
  (2)    Addendum to the Amended and Restated Fund Administration Servicing Agreement between the Registrant, on behalf of its series, and the Administrator, dated as of September 21, 2018, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(2) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 46 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on September 28, 2018.
  (3)    First Amendment to the Amended and Restated Fund Administration Servicing Agreement between the Registrant, on behalf of its series, and the Administrator, dated as of January 30, 2019, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(3) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 27, 2019.
  (4)    Form of Second Amendment to the Amended and Restated Fund Administration Servicing Agreement between the Registrant, on behalf of its series, and the Administrator, dated as of January 29, 2020, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(4) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 58 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 28, 2020.
  (5)    Amended and Restated Transfer Agent Servicing Agreement between the Registrant, on behalf of its series, and U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, dated as of October 30, 2017, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(2) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on December 20, 2017.


  (6)    Form of First Amendment to the Amended and Restated Transfer Agent Servicing Agreement between the Registrant, on behalf of its series, and U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, dated as of January 29, 2020, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(6) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 58 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 28, 2020.
  (7)    Amended and Restated Fund Accounting Servicing Agreement between the Registrant, on behalf of its series, and U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, dated as of October 30, 2017, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(3) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on December 20, 2017.
  (8)    First Amendment to the Amended and Restated Fund Accounting Servicing Agreement between the Registrant, on behalf of its series, and U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, dated as of January 30, 2019, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(6) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 27, 2019.
  (9)    Form of Second Amendment to the Amended and Restated Fund Accounting Servicing Agreement between the Registrant, on behalf of its series, and U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, dated as of January 29, 2020, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(9) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 58 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 28, 2020.
  (10)    Expense Limitation Agreement between Stone Ridge and the Registrant on behalf of Stone Ridge High Yield Reinsurance Risk Premium Fund, dated as of January 30, 2019, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(7) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 58 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 28, 2020.
  (11)    Expense Limitation Agreement between Stone Ridge and the Registrant on behalf of Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Large Cap Variance Risk Premium Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Variance Risk Premium Fund)), dated as of August 23, 2019, filed herewith.
  (12)    Expense Limitation Agreement between Stone Ridge and the Registrant on behalf of Stone Ridge International Developed Markets Variance Risk Premium Fund, dated as of January 30, 2019, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(9) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 27, 2019.
  (13)    Expense Limitation Agreement between Stone Ridge and the Registrant on behalf of Stone Ridge Global Equity Variance Risk Premium Master Fund, dated as of January 30, 2019, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(10) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 27, 2019.


  (14)    Amended and Restated Expense Limitation Agreement between Stone Ridge and the Registrant on behalf of each of Elements U.S. Portfolio, Elements U.S. Small Cap Portfolio, Elements International Portfolio, Elements International Small Cap Portfolio and Elements Emerging Markets Portfolio, dated as of July 18, 2019, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(11) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 55 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on September 26, 2019.
(i)   (1)    Opinion and consent of counsel of K&L Gates, LLP for the Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Large Cap Variance Risk Premium Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Variance Risk Premium Fund)) and Stone Ridge U.S. Small Cap Variance Risk Premium Fund, previously filed.
  (2)    Opinion and consent of counsel of K&L Gates, LLP for the Stone Ridge U.S. Variance Risk Premium Master Fund, previously filed.
  (3)    Opinion and consent of counsel of K&L Gates, LLP for the Stone Ridge Reinsurance Risk Premium Fund and the Stone Ridge High Yield Reinsurance Risk Premium Fund, previously filed.
  (4)    Opinion and consent of counsel of K&L Gates, LLP for the Stone Ridge International Developed Markets Variance Risk Premium Fund, Stone Ridge Emerging Markets Variance Risk Premium Fund and Stone Ridge International Variance Risk Premium Master Fund, previously filed.
  (5)    Opinion and consent of counsel for the Stone Ridge Global Equity Variance Risk Premium Master Fund, previously filed.
  (6)    Opinion and consent of counsel for Class M shares for Elements U.S. Portfolio, Elements U.S. Small Cap Portfolio, Elements International Portfolio, Elements International Small Cap Portfolio and Elements Emerging Markets Portfolio, previously filed.
  (7)    Opinion and consent of counsel for Class Y shares for Elements U.S. Portfolio, Elements U.S. Small Cap Portfolio, Elements International Portfolio, Elements International Small Cap Portfolio and Elements Emerging Markets Portfolio, previously filed.
(j)      Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, filed herewith.
(k)      Not applicable.
(l)      Subscription Agreement for Seed Capital, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (l) filed with Registrant’s Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on January 16, 2013.
(m)   (1)    First Amended and Restated Class I Rule 12b-1 Plan of each of Stone Ridge Reinsurance Risk Premium Fund and Stone Ridge High Yield Reinsurance Risk Premium Fund, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(1) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on April 5, 2013.


  (2)    Class I Rule 12b-1 Plan of each of Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Large Cap Variance Risk Premium Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Variance Risk Premium Fund)), Stone Ridge U.S. Small Cap Variance Risk Premium Fund and Stone Ridge U.S. Variance Risk Premium Master Fund, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(2) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on April 5, 2013.
  (3)    Second Amended and Restated Class M Rule 12b-1 Plan of each of Stone Ridge Reinsurance Risk Premium Fund and Stone Ridge High Yield Reinsurance Risk Premium Fund, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(3) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on April 5, 2013.
  (4)    Class M Rule 12b-1 Plan of each of Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Large Cap Variance Risk Premium Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Variance Risk Premium Fund)), Stone Ridge U.S. Small Cap Variance Risk Premium Fund and Stone Ridge U.S. Variance Risk Premium Master Fund, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(4) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on April 5, 2013.
  (5)    Class I Rule 12b-1 Plan of each of Stone Ridge International Developed Markets Variance Risk Premium Fund, Stone Ridge Emerging Markets Variance Risk Premium Fund and Stone Ridge International Variance Risk Premium Master Fund, dated as of September 19, 2013, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(5) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 26, 2016.
  (6)    Class M Rule 12b-1 Plan of each of Stone Ridge International Developed Markets Variance Risk Premium Fund, Stone Ridge Emerging Markets Variance Risk Premium Fund and Stone Ridge International Variance Risk Premium Master Fund, dated as of September 19, 2013, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(6) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 26, 2016.
  (7)    Class I Rule 12b-1 Plan of Stone Ridge Global Equity Variance Risk Premium Master Fund, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(7) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 21 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on June 23, 2014.
  (8)    Class M Rule 12b-1 Plan of Stone Ridge Global Equity Variance Risk Premium Master Fund, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(8) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 21 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on June 23, 2014.
  (9)    First Amended and Restated Class M Rule 12b-1 Plan of Elements U.S. Portfolio, Elements U.S. Small Cap Portfolio, Elements International Portfolio, Elements International Small Cap Portfolio and Elements Emerging Markets Portfolio, dated as of April 1, 2019, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m)(9) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 55 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on September 26, 2019.


(n)   (1)    Third Amended and Restated Multi-Class Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 of Stone Ridge High Yield Reinsurance Risk Premium Fund, dated as of January 29, 2020, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (n)(1) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 58 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 28, 2020.
  (2)    Third Amended and Restated Multi-Class Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 of Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Large Cap Variance Risk Premium Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Variance Risk Premium Fund)), dated as of January 29, 2020, filed herewith.
  (3)    First Amended and Restated Multi-Class Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 of Stone Ridge International Developed Markets Variance Risk Premium Fund, dated as of January 30, 2019, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (n)(3) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 27, 2019.
  (4)    First Amended and Restated Multi-Class Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 of Stone Ridge Global Equity Variance Risk Premium Master Fund, dated as of January 30, 2019, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (n)(4) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 27, 2019.
  (5)    Multi-Class Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 of each of Elements U.S. Portfolio, Elements U.S. Small Cap Portfolio, Elements International Portfolio, Elements International Small Cap Portfolio and Elements Emerging Markets Portfolio, dated as of April 1, 2019, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (n)(5) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 53 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on March 28, 2019.
(o)      Reserved.
(p)      Code of Ethics of Stone Ridge and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (p) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on February 27, 2019.
(q)      Power of Attorney of Stone Ridge Trust, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (q) filed with the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 46 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as filed with the SEC via EDGAR on September 28, 2018.

 

Item 29.

Persons Controlled by or under Common Control with Registrant

None.

 

Item 30.

Indemnification

The Registrant’s Third Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, incorporated herein by reference, contains provisions limiting the liability, and providing for indemnification, of the Trustees, officers, employees and other “Covered Persons” (including their


respective heirs, assigns, successors or other legal representatives) to the fullest extent permitted by law, including advancement of payments of all expenses incurred in connection with the preparation and presentation of any defense (subject to repayment obligations in certain circumstances).

The Registrant’s Distribution Agreement, incorporated hereto by reference, contains provisions limiting the liability, and providing for indemnification, of the Trustees and officers under certain circumstances.

Further, the Stone Ridge Reinsurance Risk Premium Fund’s and Stone Ridge High Yield Reinsurance Risk Premium Fund’s First Amended and Restated Investment Management Agreement, the Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund’s (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Large Cap Variance Risk Premium Fund (formerly known as Stone Ridge U.S. Variance Risk Premium Fund)) and Stone Ridge U.S. Small Cap Variance Risk Premium Fund’s Investment Management Agreement, the Stone Ridge U.S. Variance Risk Premium Master Fund’s Investment Management Agreement, the Stone Ridge International Developed Markets Variance Risk Premium Fund’s and Stone Ridge Emerging Markets Variance Risk Premium Fund’s Investment Management Agreement, the Stone Ridge International Variance Risk Premium Master Fund’s Investment Management Agreement, the Stone Ridge Global Equity Variance Risk Premium Master Fund’s Investment Management Agreement and the Elements U.S. Portfolio’s, Elements U.S. Small Cap Portfolio’s, Elements International Portfolio’s, Elements International Small Cap Portfolio’s and Elements Emerging Markets Portfolio’s Investment Management Agreement, each incorporated herein by reference, contain provisions limiting the liability, and providing for indemnification, of Stone Ridge and its personnel under certain circumstances.

The Registrant’s Trustees and officers are insured under a standard investment company errors and omissions insurance policy covering loss incurred by reason of negligent errors and omissions committed in their official capacities as such.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the provisions described in this Item 30, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

Item 31.

Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser

Stone Ridge is a Delaware limited liability company that offers investment management services and is a registered investment adviser. Stone Ridge serves as investment adviser to the Trust, Stone Ridge Trust II, Stone Ridge Trust III, Stone Ridge Trust IV, Stone Ridge Trust V, Stone Ridge Trust VI and Stone Ridge Residential Real Estate Income Fund I, Inc., on behalf of each of their series. Stone Ridge’s offices are located at 510 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor, New York, NY 10022. Information as to the officers and directors of Stone Ridge is included in its current Form ADV (File No. 801-77228) filed with the SEC.


Item 32.

Principal Underwriter

(a) ALPS Distributors, Inc. acts as the distributor for the Registrant and the following investment companies: 1WS Credit Income Fund, 1290 Funds, Aberdeen Standard Investments ETFs, ALPS Series Trust, The Arbitrage Funds, AQR Funds, Axonic Alternative Income Fund, Barings Funds Trust, BBH Trust, Bluerock Total Income + Real Estate Fund, Brandes Investment Trust, Bridge Builder Trust, Broadstone Real Estate Access Fund, Brown Advisory Funds, Brown Capital Management Mutual Funds, CC Real Estate Income Fund, Centre Funds, CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund, Columbia ETF Trust, Columbia ETF Trust I, Columbia ETF Trust II, CRM Mutual Fund Trust, CSOP ETF Trust, Cullen Funds Trust, DBX ETF Trust, Flat Rock Opportunity Fund, Financial Investors Trust, Firsthand Funds, FS Credit Income Fund, FS Energy Total Return Fund, FS Series Trust, FS Multi-Alternative Income Fund, Goehring & Rozencwajg Investment Funds, Goldman Sachs ETF Trust, Griffin Institutional Access Credit Fund, Griffin Institutional Access Real Estate Fund, Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust, Hartford Funds NextShares Trust, Heartland Group, Inc., Holland Series Fund, Inc., Index Funds, IndexIQ Active ETF Trust, Index IQ ETF Trust, Infusive US Trust, James Advantage Funds, Janus Detroit Street Trust, Lattice Strategies Trust, Litman Gregory Funds Trust, Longleaf Partners Funds Trust, M3Sixty Funds Trust, Mairs & Power Funds Trust, Meridian Fund, Inc., Natixis ETF Trust, Pax World Series Trust I, Pax World Funds Trust III, Principal Exchange-Traded Funds, Reality Shares ETF Trust, Resource Credit Income Fund, Resource Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, RiverNorth Funds, Sierra Total Return Fund, Smead Funds Trust, SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust, SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust, SPDR S&P MidCap 400 ETF Trust, Sprott ETF Trust, Stadion Investment Trust, Stone Harbor Investment Funds, Stone Ridge Trust II, Stone Ridge Trust III, Stone Ridge Trust IV, Stone Ridge Trust V, Stone Ridge Trust VI, Stone Ridge Residential Real Estate Income Fund I, Inc., USCF ETF Trust, Wasatch Funds, WesMark Funds, Wilmington Funds and XAI Octagon Credit Trust.

(b) To the best of the Registrant’s knowledge, the directors and executive officers of ALPS Distributors, Inc. are as follows:

 

Name and Principal

Business Address*

 

Position and Offices with ALPS
Distributors, Inc.

 

Positions and Offices    
with Registrant

Bradley J. Swenson   President, Chief Operating Officer, Director   None
Robert J. Szydlowski   Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer   None
Eric T. Parsons   Vice President, Controller and Assistant Treasurer   None
Joseph J. Frank**   Secretary   None
Patrick J. Pedonti**   Vice President, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary   None
Richard C. Noyes   Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Assistant Secretary   None


Name and Principal

Business Address*

 

Position and Offices with ALPS
Distributors, Inc.

 

Positions and Offices    
with Registrant

Steven Price   Senior Vice President, Chief Compliance Officer   None
Liza Orr   Vice President, Senior Counsel   None
Jed Stahl   Vice President, Senior Counsel   None
Josh Eihausen   Vice President, Associate Senior Counsel   None
James Stegall   Vice President   None
Gary Ross   Senior Vice President   None
Kevin Ireland   Senior Vice President   None
Mark Kiniry   Senior Vice President   None
Stephen J. Kyllo   Vice President, Deputy Chief Compliance Officer   None
Hilary Quinn   Vice President   None
Jennifer Craig   Assistant Vice President   None

 

*

Except as otherwise noted, the principal business address for each of the above directors and executive officers is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203.

**

The principal business address for Messrs. Pedonti and Frank is 333 W. 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, Missouri 64105.

(c) The following table sets forth the commissions and other compensation received, directly or indirectly, from the Portfolios during the last fiscal year by the principal underwriter who is not an affiliated person of the Portfolios.

 

(1)

Name of Principal
Underwriter

     

(2)

Net Underwriting
Discounts and
Commission

 

 

 

(3)

Compensation on
Redemption and
Repurchases

 

 

 

(4)

Brokerage
Commissions

 

 

 

(5)

Other
Compensation

ALPS Distributors, Inc.     None     None     None     None

 

Item 33.

Location of Accounts and Records

All accounts, books and other documents required by Rule 31(a) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, are maintained at the offices, as applicable of: (1) the Registrant, (2) Stone Ridge, (3) the Registrant’s custodians, (4) the Registrant’s administrator and (5) the independent Trustees’ counsel.

 

  1.

Stone Ridge Trust

    

510 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor

    

New York, NY 10022

 

  2.

Stone Ridge Asset Management LLC

    

510 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor

    

New York, NY 10022


  3.

US Bank N.A.

    

1555 N. River Center Drive, Suite 302

    

Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53212

 

    

Brown Brothers Harriman & Co.

    

50 Post Office Square

    

Boston, Massachusetts, 02110

 

  4.

U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC

    

615 East Michigan Street

    

Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202

 

  5.

Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP

    

900 G Street, NW

    

Washington, DC 20001

 

Item 34.

Management Services

Not applicable.

 

Item 35.

Undertakings

Not applicable.


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant certifies that this Post-Effective Amendment No. 59 meets all of the requirements for effectiveness under rule 485(b) and it has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No. 59 to the Registration Statement of Stone Ridge Trust (related to Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund) to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the City of New York and the State of New York, on the 28th day of February, 2020.

 

 

STONE RIDGE TRUST

 

    

 

By:

  /s/ Anthony Zuco                                                                           

                         

   

Anthony Zuco, Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

     

Title

     

Date

  *

         Trustee, President (Principal Executive Officer)          February 28, 2020
  Ross Stevens        

  /s/ Anthony Zuco

    Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer)     February 28, 2020
  Anthony Zuco        

  *

    Trustee     February 28, 2020
  Daniel Charney        

  *

    Trustee     February 28, 2020
  Jeffery Ekberg        

  * Power of Attorney

       

 

      

 

*By:

 

  /s/ Anthony Zuco                    

 

        Anthony Zuco

        Attorney in Fact

 


INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

(h)(11)    Expense Limitation Agreement.
(j)    Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
(n)(2)    Multi-Class Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 of Stone Ridge U.S. Hedged Equity Fund.