Thryv Holdings, Inc. (“Thryv” or the “Company”) is a software-led platform company focused on enabling small and medium-sized businesses (“SMBs”) to run and grow their businesses more efficiently. The Company's strategy is centered on delivering a unified, extensible SaaS platform that supports customer acquisition, engagement, operations, and retention across the SMB lifecycle.

The Company's SaaS platform (or “Thryv platform”) is designed for active daily use by business owners and operators. Customers engage directly with the platform to help business owners build a strong online presence, manage leads, automate workflows, communicate with customers, process payments, and make data-informed decisions that drive business outcomes.

The Company prepares its financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”). The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Thryv Holdings, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring items and accruals, necessary to fairly present the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company for the periods presented. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable. The results of those estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of certain assets and liabilities.

Examples of reported amounts that rely on significant estimates include revenue recognition, allowance for credit losses, assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations, capitalized costs to obtain a contract, stock-based compensation expense, operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities, pension obligations, and certain amounts relating to the accounting for income taxes, including valuation allowances. Significant estimates are also used in determining the recoverability and fair value of fixed assets and capitalized software, goodwill and intangible assets.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, as a result of increased investment in research and development activities following the Keap Acquisition (as defined in Note 3, Acquisitions) and to provide greater detail of the Company's underlying expenses, the Company began breaking out Research and development expense into a separate line item in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). These costs were previously included in Sales and marketing expense. This change was made retrospectively to all periods presented for comparability purposes and there was no effect on Total operating expenses or Net income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 or 2023.

The Company recognizes revenue based on the revenue recognition standard, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), (“ASC 606”). Revenue is recognized when control of the promised services or goods is transferred to the client and in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services or goods. The Company determines the amount of revenue to be recognized through application of the following five steps: (i) identify a customer contract, (ii) identify performance obligations, (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price, and (v) recognize revenue, each of which is described further below.

The Company accounts for a contract with a client when approval and commitment from all parties is obtained, the rights of the parties and payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance, and collectability of consideration is probable. Typical payment terms provide that the Company’s clients pay at the time of order, or within 20 to 30 days of the invoice, depending on the product.

The Company has determined that each of its services is distinct and represents a separate performance obligation. The client can benefit from each service on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the client. Services are separately identifiable from other promises in the contract.

Control over the Company’s Print services transfers to the client upon delivery of the published directories containing their advertisements to the intended market. Therefore, revenue associated with Print services is recognized at a point in time upon delivery to the intended market. The Company bills customers for Print advertising services monthly over the relative contract term. The difference between the timing of recognition of Print advertising revenue and monthly billing generates the Company’s unbilled receivables balance. The unbilled receivables balance is reclassified as billed accounts receivable through the passage of time as the customers are invoiced each month.

Revenue for substantially all SaaS and Digital services are recognized using the series guidance. Under the series guidance, the Company’s obligation to provide services is the same for each day under the contract, and therefore represents a single performance obligation. Associated revenues are recognized over time using an output method to measure the progress toward satisfying a performance obligation.

As part of the SaaS offerings, the Company enters into certain development and reseller agreements with third parties. Based upon the control indicators outlined in ASC 606, the Company acts as a principal in these arrangements and recognizes revenue on a gross basis because it controls the services before they are transferred to clients.

The transaction price of a contract consists of fixed and variable consideration components pursuant to the applicable contractual terms and excludes sales tax. The Company’s contracts have variable consideration in the form of price concessions and service credits. Service credits may be issued to a client at the discretion of the Company related to client satisfaction issues and claims. The Company performs a monthly review of expected service credits at a portfolio level based on the Company’s history of adjustments and expected trends. The provision for service credits is recorded as a reduction to revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

For performance obligations recognized under the series guidance, variable consideration is allocated. When necessary, variable consideration is estimated and included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. These judgments involve consideration of historical and expected experience with the client and other similar clients.

The Company’s contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. Standalone selling price is the price at which the Company would sell a promised service separately to a client. Judgment is required to determine the standalone selling price for each distinct performance obligation. Often times, the Company does not have sufficient standalone sales information, as contracts with customers generally include multiple performance

obligations. When standalone sales information is not available, the Company estimates standalone selling price using information that may include average selling price, market conditions, entity specific factors such as pricing and discounting strategies, and other inputs.

The Company has determined that sales commissions paid to employees and certified marketing representatives associated with selling the Company’s print, digital and SaaS services are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract.

Commissions related to renewal contracts are not commensurate with costs incurred to obtain an initial contract. Therefore, commissions incurred to obtain a new contract are capitalized and recognized over the benefit period, which is determined to be eighteen months based on expected contract renewals, the Company’s technology development life-cycle, and other factors. Commissions for renewals of existing contracts are expensed as incurred under a practical expedient, which allows an entity to expense costs to obtain a contract with an amortization period of less than twelve months.

Deferred costs to obtain contracts are classified as current or non-current based on the timing of when the Company expects to recognize the expense. The current portion is included in Deferred costs and the non-current portion is included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization of deferred costs to obtain contracts is included as a component of Sales and marketing expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Direct costs associated with fulfilling print services contracts with a client include costs related to printing and distribution. Directly attributable costs incurred to fulfill print services are capitalized as incurred and then expensed at the time of delivery, in line with the recognition of revenue. Costs to fulfill SaaS and digital contracts with clients are expensed as incurred.

The Company’s cash and cash equivalents consist of bank deposits. Highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased are considered to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates market value.

Restricted cash is primarily associated with security deposits with credit card merchants. The following table presents a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the Consolidated Balance Sheets to the amount shown in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

Accounts receivable are recorded net of an allowance for credit losses. The Company’s exposure to expected credit losses depends on the financial condition of its clients and other macroeconomic factors. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses based upon its estimate of potential credit losses. This allowance is based upon historical and current client collection trends, any identified client-specific collection issues, and current as well as expected future economic conditions and market trends. See Note 6, Allowance for Credit Losses, for additional information.


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Accounts receivable	$	38,200	$	45,552
Unbilled accounts receivable (1)	112,024		129,119
Total accounts receivable	$	150,224	$	174,671
Less: allowance for credit losses	(13,830)		(13,051)
Accounts receivable, net of allowance (2)	$	136,394	$	161,620

(1) Unbilled accounts receivable relates primarily to the Company’s print services, which are recognized at a point in time upon delivery of the print services to the intended market(s), but are billed to customers monthly after the delivery of the print services. Unbilled accounts receivable are reclassified as billed accounts receivable monthly when the customers are invoiced.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and accounts receivable. The Company deposits cash on hand with major financial institutions. Cash balances at major financial institutions may exceed limits insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Company monitors and manages the overall exposure of its cash balances at individual financial institutions on an ongoing basis.

Approximately 86% of Marketing Services revenue in all periods presented was derived from sales to local SMBs that operate in limited geographical areas. These SMBs are usually billed in monthly installments when the services begin and, in turn, make monthly payments, requiring the Company to extend credit to these clients.

The remaining approximately 14% of Marketing Services revenue in all periods presented was derived from the sale of marketing services to larger businesses that advertise regionally or nationally. Contracted certified marketing representatives (“CMRs”) purchase advertising on behalf of these businesses. Payment for advertising is due when the advertising is published and is received directly from the CMRs, net of the CMRs’ commission. The CMRs are responsible for billing and collecting from these businesses. While the Company still has exposure to credit risks, historically, the losses from these clients have been less than that of local SMBs.

The Company does not require collateral for accounts receivable. Credit risk with respect to the balance of accounts receivable is generally diversified due to the number of clients comprising the Company’s customer base. No single client accounted for more than 5% of the Company’s outstanding accounts receivable as of December 31, 2025 or 2024.

The Company conducts its operations primarily in the United States, Canada, Australia, Europe and New Zealand. In 2025, the Company's top ten directories, as measured by revenue, accounted for approximately 1% of total revenue. No single directory or client accounted for more than 1% of the Company’s revenue for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023.

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. The cost of additions and improvements associated with fixed assets are capitalized if they have a useful life in excess of one year. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance, including the cost of replacing minor items that are not considered substantial improvements, are expensed as incurred. When fixed assets are sold or retired, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are deducted from the accounts and any gains or losses on disposition are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Fixed assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances may indicate that the carrying amount of a fixed asset may not be recoverable. Depreciation of fixed assets is included in Cost of services, Sales and marketing, Research and development, and General and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Costs associated with internal use software are capitalized during the application development stage, if they have a useful life in excess of one year. Subsequent additions, modifications, or upgrades to internal use software are capitalized only to the extent that they allow the software to perform a task it previously did not perform. Capitalized software is reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances may indicate that the carrying amount of a capitalized software may not be recoverable. Amortization associated with capitalized software is included in Cost of services, Sales and marketing, and General and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

The remaining useful lives of fixed assets and capitalized software are reviewed annually for reasonableness. Fixed assets and capitalized software are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are presented in the following table:

For all periods presented, the Company's lease arrangements consist of real estate and IT data center equipment. For these lease arrangements, we account for the lease and non-lease components separately and payments associated with non-lease components are expensed as incurred.

Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. If applicable, the right-of-use asset may include any initial direct costs incurred, lease payments made prior to the lease commencement, and is net of any lease incentives received. For these calculations, the Company considers only payments that are fixed or determinable at the time of lease commencement or any variable payments that depend on an index or a rate.

For operating leases, a single lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For finance leases, amortization expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and interest expense is recognized based on the incremental borrowing rate (“IBR”).

The Company determines an IBR based on the information available at the lease commencement date to calculate the present value of lease payments. The IBR represents the rate of interest estimated that the Company would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term in a similar economic environment.

Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate fair value of the consideration transferred in a business combination over the fair value of the assets acquired net of liabilities assumed, recorded in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations, (“ASC 805”). Goodwill is not amortized, but rather subject to an annual impairment test at the reporting unit level. Management performs its annual goodwill impairment test on October 1 or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the goodwill may be impaired.

The Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Performing a qualitative impairment assessment requires an examination of relevant events and circumstances that could have a negative impact on the carrying value of the Company, such as macroeconomic conditions,

If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, the Company determines it is not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then additional impairment testing is not required. However, if the Company concludes otherwise, then it is required to perform a quantitative assessment for impairment. If the quantitative assessment indicates that the reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, the Company will recognize an impairment charge up to this amount, but not to exceed the total carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill. The Company uses income and market-based valuation approaches to determine the fair value of its reporting units.

The Company has definite-lived intangible assets consisting of client relationships and trademarks and domain names. These intangible assets are amortized using the income forecast method over their useful lives, with the exception of covenants not to compete which were amortized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the agreements. These assets are allocated to their respective reporting units for impairment review purposes. The Company evaluates intangible assets for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of the asset group’s intangible assets may not be recoverable. The Company uses the estimated future cash flows directly associated with, and that are expected to arise as a result of, the use and eventual disposal of such asset group in determining fair values of definite-lived intangible assets. An impairment loss, if applicable, is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the reporting group’s definite-lived intangible asset exceeds its fair value.

The Company maintains net pension obligations associated with non-contributory qualified defined benefit pension plans that are currently frozen and incur no additional service costs. The Company also maintains non-qualified defined benefit pension plans for certain executives which are also frozen.

Although the plans are frozen, the Company continues to incur interest cost on the projected benefit obligations, offset by an expected return on the fair value of plan assets, which is referred to as net periodic pension cost. In addition, the Company immediately recognizes gains/(losses) associated with changes in fair value of plan assets, and projected benefit obligations that occurred during the year as a component of the total net periodic pension cost. In determining the projected benefit obligations at each reporting period, management makes certain economic and demographic actuarial assumptions, including but not limited to discount rates, lump sum interest rates, retirement rates, termination rates, mortality rates, and payment form/timing. For these assumptions, management consults with actuaries, monitors plan provisions and demographics, and reviews public market data and general economic information. Changes in these assumptions can have a significant impact on the projected benefit obligations, funding requirement, and net periodic pension cost.

Deferred tax assets or liabilities are recorded to reflect the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities and their tax basis at each year-end. These amounts are adjusted as appropriate to reflect enacted changes in tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse.

The likelihood that deferred tax assets can be recovered must be assessed. The Company establishes a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In this process, certain relevant criteria are evaluated, including prior carryback years, the existence of deferred tax liabilities that can be used to absorb deferred tax assets, tax planning strategies, and taxable income in future years. A valuation allowance is established to offset any deferred income tax assets if, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. The Company has netted deferred tax assets for net operating losses with related unrecognized tax benefits, if such settlement is required or expected in the event the uncertain tax position is disallowed.

The Company establishes reserves for open tax years for uncertain tax positions that may be subject to challenge by various tax authorities. The consolidated tax provision and related accruals include the impact of such reasonably estimable losses and related interest and penalties as deemed appropriate. Tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from uncertain tax positions are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in (expense) benefit for income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). See Note 14, Income Taxes, for additional information.

The functional currency of the Company’s foreign operating subsidiaries is the local currency. Assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet dates, with the resulting translation adjustments directly recorded to a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income. Income and expense accounts are translated at the weighted-average exchange rates during the period.

Transaction gains or losses in currencies other than the functional currency are included as a component of Other income (expense), net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Transaction gains for the year ended December 31, 2025 were $3.5 million. Transaction losses for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were $4.1 million and $0.6 million, respectively.

Advertising costs, which include media, promotional, branding and online advertising, are included in Sales and marketing expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) and are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs for the Company for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 were $10.6 million, $10.7 million and $14.8 million, respectively.

Under the Company's 2016 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (“2016 Plan”), and the Company's 2020 Incentive Award Plan (“2020 Plan”), (together, the “Stock Incentive Plans”), the Company has granted stock options, Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) and Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units (“PSUs”).

The Company accounts for all stock options, RSUs and PSUs granted using a fair value method and the compensation expense is based on the fair value of the awards. The fair value of the Company’s common stock is the closing price of the stock on the date of the grant. The measurement date for awards is generally the date of the grant. The fair value is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period (generally three to four years). The Company has elected to account for forfeitures as they occur as a cumulative adjustment to stock-based compensation expense. See Note 12, Stock-Based Compensation and Stockholders' Equity, for additional information.

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing Net income (loss) (the “numerator”) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (the “denominator”) during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by including both the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and any dilutive common stock equivalents within the denominator (diluted shares outstanding). The Company's common stock equivalents could consist of stock options, RSUs, PSUs, Employee Stock Purchase Plan shares (“ESPP”) and stock warrants, to the extent any are determined to be dilutive under the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the assumed proceeds relating to both the exercise price of stock options, RSUs, PSUs, ESPP shares and stock warrants, as well as the average remaining unrecognized fair value of stock options, are used to repurchase common shares at the average fair value price of the Company's common stock during the period. If the number of shares that could be repurchased exceed the number of shares that could be issued upon exercise, the common stock equivalent is determined to be anti-dilutive. See Note 13, Earnings per Share, for additional information.

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires additional disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The Company has adopted ASU 2023-09 for the annual period ended December 31, 2025, applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented. Because the ASU affects disclosures only, the adoption did not impact the Company's results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, “Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses” (“ASU 2024-03”), and in January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01, “Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date” (“ASU 2025-01”). ASU 2024-03 requires additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement as well as disclosures about specific types of expenses included in the expense captions presented in the income statement. ASU 2024-03, as clarified by ASU 2025-01, is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted, and can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively to all prior periods presented. Management is currently evaluating the extent and impact that the adoption of this standard will have on the Company's disclosures.

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-06, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal-Use Software Subtopic 350-40” (“ASU 2025-06”). The amendments in ASU 2025-06 are intended to simplify the capitalization guidance by removing all references to software development project stages so that the guidance is neutral to different software development methods. ASU 2025-06, which can be applied using a prospective, retrospective, or modified transition approach, is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. Management is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-11, “Topic 270 – Interim Reporting” (“ASU 2025-11”). The amendments in ASU 2025-11 clarify interim reporting requirements by improving navigability of Topic 270 and more clearly specifying what disclosures are required in interim reporting periods. The amendments also establish a principle that requires disclosure of events since the end of the last annual reporting period that have materially impacted the entity. ASU 2025-11 is effective for interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted, and can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively to all prior periods presented. Management is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on the Company's interim consolidated financial statements.

In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-12, “Codification Improvements” (“ASU 2025-12”). The amendments in ASU 2025-12 represent changes to certain FASB Accounting Standards Codification topics that clarify, correct errors, or make minor improvements. The provisions of ASU 2025-12 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted, and may be applied prospectively or retrospectively. Early adoption and transition method may be elected on an issue-by-issue basis. Management is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on the Company's consolidated financial statements.