SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Income Taxes	New Residential has elected and intends to qualify to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As such, New Residential will generally not be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on that portion of its net income that is distributed to stockholders if it distributes at least 90% of its REIT taxable income to its stockholders by prescribed dates and complies with various other requirements. See Notes 2 and 19 for further discussion regarding New Residential’s taxable REIT subsidiaries.New Residential operates so as to qualify as a REIT under the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Requirements for qualification as a REIT include various restrictions on ownership of New Residential’s stock, requirements concerning distribution of taxable income and certain restrictions on the nature of assets and sources of income. A REIT must distribute at least 90% of its taxable income to its stockholders (subject to certain adjustments). Distributions may extend until timely filing of New Residential’s tax return in the subsequent taxable year. Qualifying distributions of taxable income are deductible by a REIT in computing taxable income. Certain activities of New Residential are conducted through taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”) and therefore are subject to federal and state income taxes. Accordingly, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases upon the change in tax status. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. New Residential recognizes tax benefits for uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the position is sustainable based on its technical merits. Interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions are included as a component of the provision for income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Segment Reporting	As of December 31, 2021, New Residential conducted its business through the following segments (i) Origination, (ii) Servicing, (iii) MSR Related Investments, (iv) Residential Securities, Properties and Loans, (v) Consumer Loans, (vi) Mortgage Loans Receivable and (vii) Corporate.
Basis of Accounting	The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP’’ or “US GAAP”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of New Residential and its consolidated subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
Consolidation, Variable Interest Entities	New Residential consolidates those entities in which it has control over significant operating, financial and investing decisions of the entity, as well as those entities deemed to be variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which New Residential is determined to be the primary beneficiary. For entities over which New Residential exercises significant influence, but which do not meet the requirements for consolidation, New Residential uses the equity method of accounting whereby it records its share of the underlying income of such entities. Distributions from equity method investees are classified in the Statements of Cash Flows based on the cumulative earnings approach, where all distributions up to cumulative earnings are classified as distributions of earnings.
Reclassifications	Beginning in the third quarter of 2021, New Residential changed its presentation of certain balance sheet and income statement line items to better reflect how New Residential is managed. Specifically, MSR Financing Receivables is presented together with Mortgage Servicing Rights, at Fair Value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Prior period amounts in New Residential’s Consolidated Financial Statements and respective notes have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Such reclassifications had no impact on net income, total assets, total liabilities, or stockholders’ equity.In addition to above, certain other prior period amounts in New Residential’s Consolidated Financial Statements and respective notes have been reclassified to be consistent with the current period presentation. Such reclassifications had no impact on net income, total assets, total liabilities, or stockholders’ equity.
Risks and Uncertainties	In the normal course of business, New Residential encounters primarily two significant types of economic risk: credit and market. Credit risk is the risk of default on New Residential’s investments that results from a borrower’s or counterparty’s inability or unwillingness to make contractually required payments. Market risk reflects changes in the value of investments due to changes in prepayment rates, interest rates, spreads or other market factors, including risks that impact the value of the collateral underlying New Residential’s investments. Taking into consideration these risks along with estimated prepayments, financings, collateral values, payment histories, and other information, New Residential believes that the carrying values of its investments are reasonable. Furthermore, for each of the periods presented, a significant portion of New Residential’s assets are dependent on its servicers’ and subservicers’ ability to perform their obligations servicing the loans underlying New Residential’s MSRs and MSR Financing Receivables, Excess MSRs, Servicer Advance Investments, Non-Agency RMBS and loans. If a servicer is terminated, New Residential’s right to receive its portion of the cash flows related to interests in servicing related assets may also be terminated.The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact the U.S. and world economies and has contributed to volatility in global financial and credit markets. Furthermore, disruptions caused by COVID-19 have slowed many commercial activities in the U.S., resulting in a reduced business revenues and reductions in liquidity and the fair value of many assets, including those in which the Company invests. The ultimate duration and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and response thereto remain uncertain.
Income Tax Uncertainties	New Residential is subject to significant tax risks. If New Residential were to fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, New Residential would be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax (including any applicable alternative minimum tax), which could be material. Unless entitled to relief under certain statutory provisions, New Residential would also be disqualified from treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification is lost.
Use of Estimates	The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Business Combinations and Assets Acquisitions	When the assets acquired and liabilities assumed constitute a business, then the acquisition is a business combination. If substantially all of the fair value of the gross asset acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets, the asset is not considered a business. Business combinations are accounted for under ASC 805, Business Combinations, (“ASC 805”) using the acquisition method which requires, among other things, that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recognized at fair value as of the acquisition date. In a business combination, the initial allocation of the purchase price is considered preliminary and therefore subject to change until the end of the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date). Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the net assets acquired that meet the criteria for separate recognition and represents the estimated future economic benefits arising from these and other assets acquired that could not be individually identified or do not qualify for recognition as a separate asset. Likewise, a bargain purchase gain is recognized in current earnings when the aggregate fair value of the consideration transferred and any noncontrolling interests in the acquiree is less than the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Acquisition related costs are expensed as incurred. The results of operations of acquired businesses are included from the date of acquisition.
Investment Consolidation and Transfers of Financial Assets	For each investment made, the Company evaluates the underlying entity that issued the securities acquired or to which the Company makes a loan to determine the appropriate accounting. A similar analysis is performed for each entity with which the Company enters into an agreement for management, servicing or related services. In performing the analysis, the Company refers to guidance in ASC 810-10, Consolidation. In situations where the Company is the transferor of financial assets, the Company refers to the guidance in ASC 860-10, Transfers and Servicing. In VIEs, an entity is subject to consolidation under ASC 810-10 if the equity investors either do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, are unable to direct the entity’s activities or are not exposed to the entity’s losses or entitled to its residual returns. VIEs within the scope of ASC 810-10 are required to be consolidated by their primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is determined to be the party that has both the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. This determination can sometimes involve complex and subjective analyses. Further, ASC 810-10 also requires ongoing assessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. In accordance with ASC 810-10, all transferees, including variable interest entities, must be evaluated for consolidation. If the Company determines that consolidation is not required, it will then assess whether the transfer of the underlying assets would qualify as a sale, should be accounted for as secured financings under GAAP, or should be accounted for as an equity method investment, depending on the circumstances. A Special Purpose Entity (“SPE”) is an entity designed to fulfill a specific limited need of the company that organized it. SPEs are often used to facilitate transactions that involve securitizing financial assets or resecuritizing previously securitized financial assets. The objective of such transactions may include obtaining non-recourse financing, obtaining liquidity or refinancing the underlying securitized financial assets on improved terms. Securitization involves transferring assets to an SPE to convert all or a portion of those assets into cash before they would have been realized in the normal course of business through the SPE’s issuance of debt or equity instruments. Investors in an SPE usually have recourse only to the assets in the SPE and depending on the overall structure of the transaction, may benefit from various forms of credit enhancement, such as over-collateralization in the form of excess assets in the SPE, priority with respect to receipt of cash flows relative to holders of other debt or equity instruments issued by the SPE, or a line of credit or other form of liquidity agreement that is designed with the objective of ensuring that investors receive principal and/or interest cash flow on the investment in accordance with the terms of their investment agreement. The Company may periodically enter into transactions in which it transfers assets to a third party. Upon a transfer of financial assets, the Company will sometimes retain or acquire subordinated interests in the related assets. Pursuant to ASC 860-10, a determination must be made as to whether a transferor has surrendered control over transferred financial assets. That determination must consider the transferor’s continuing involvement in the transferred financial asset, including all arrangements or agreements made contemporaneously with, or in contemplation of, the transfer, even if they were not entered into at the time of the transfer. The financial components approach under ASC 860-10 limits the circumstances in which a financial asset, or portion of a financial asset, should be derecognized when the transferor has not transferred the entire original financial asset to an entity that is not consolidated with the transferor in the financial statements being presented and/or when the transferor has continuing involvement with the transferred financial asset. It defines the term “participating interest” to establish specific conditions for reporting a transfer of a portion of a financial asset as a sale. Under ASC 860-10, after a transfer of financial assets that meets the criteria for treatment as a sale-legal isolation, ability of transferee to pledge or exchange the transferred assets without constraint and transferred control-an entity recognizes the financial and servicing assets it acquired or retained and the liabilities it has incurred, derecognizes financial assets it has sold and derecognizes liabilities when extinguished. The transferor would then determine the gain or loss on sale of financial assets by allocating the carrying value of the underlying mortgage between securities or loans sold and the interests retained based on their fair values. The gain or loss on sale is the difference between the cash proceeds from the sale and the amount allocated to the securities or loans sold. When a transfer of financial assets does not qualify for sale accounting, ASC 860-10 requires the transfer to be accounted for as a secured borrowing with a pledge of collateral. From time to time, the Company may securitize mortgage loans it holds if such financing is available. Depending upon the structure of the securitization transaction, these transactions will be recorded in accordance with ASC 860-10 and will be accounted for as either a sale and the loans will be removed from the Consolidated Balance Sheets or as a financing and the loans will remain on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. ASC 860-10 is a standard that may require the Company to exercise significant judgment in determining whether a transaction should be recorded as a sale or a financing
Excess MSRs	Excess MSRs refer to the excess servicing spread related to mortgage servicing rights, whose underlying collateral is securitized in a trust. Upon acquisition, New Residential has elected to record each of such investments at fair value. New Residential elected to record its investments at fair value in order to provide users of the financial statements with better information regarding the effects of prepayment risk and other market factors on Excess MSRs. Under this election, New Residential records a valuation adjustment on its Excess MSRs on a quarterly basis to recognize the changes in fair value in net income. Excess MSRs are aggregated into pools as applicable; each pool of Excess MSRs is accounted for in the aggregate. Interest income for Excess MSRs is accreted into earnings on an effective yield or “interest” method, based upon the expected excess mortgage servicing amount through the expected life of the underlying mortgages. Changes to expected cash flows result in a cumulative retrospective adjustment, which will be recorded in the period in which the change in expected cash flows occurs. Under the retrospective method, the interest income recognized for a reporting period is measured as the difference between the amortized cost basis at the end of the period and the amortized cost basis at the beginning of the period, plus any cash received during the period. The amortized cost basis is calculated as the present value of estimated future cash flows using an effective yield, which is the yield that equates all past actual and current estimated future cash flows to the initial investment. In addition, New Residential’s policy is to recognize interest income only on its Excess MSRs in existing eligible underlying mortgages. The difference between the fair value of Excess MSRs and their amortized cost basis is recorded as Change in Fair Value of Investments. Fair value is generally determined by discounting the expected future cash flows using discount rates that incorporate the market risks and liquidity premium specific to the Excess MSRs, and therefore may differ from their effective yields.
MSRs	MSRs represent the contractual right to service residential mortgage loans. The Company recognizes MSRs created through the sale of loans it originates. Under the accounting guidance for transfers and servicing, the Company initially measures a mortgage servicing asset that qualifies for separate recognition at fair value on the date of transfer. New Residential elected to record its investments at fair value in order to provide users of the financial statements with better information regarding the effects of prepayment risk and other market factors on MSRs. Under this election, New Residential records a valuation adjustment on its MSRs on a quarterly basis to recognize the changes in fair value in net income. MSRs are aggregated into pools as applicable; each pool of MSRs is accounted for in the aggregate. Income from MSRs is recorded in Servicing Revenue, Net and comprises (i) income from the MSRs, plus or minus (ii) the mark-to-market on the MSRs including change in fair value due to realization of cash flows. Fair value is generally determined by discounting the expected future cash flows using discount rates that incorporate the market risks and liquidity premium specific to the MSRs.
MSR Financing Receivables	In certain cases, New Residential has legally purchased MSRs or the right to the economic interest in MSRs; however, New Residential has determined that the purchase agreement would not be treated as a sale under GAAP. Therefore, rather than recording an investment in MSRs, New Residential records an investment in MSR Financing Receivables. Income from this investment (net of subservicing fees) is recorded as interest income and is grouped and presented as part of Servicing Revenue, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Additionally, New Residential has elected to measure MSR Financing Receivables at fair value, with changes in fair value flowing through Servicing Revenue, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Servicer Advance Investments	New Residential accounts for its Servicer Advance Investments similarly to its Excess MSRs. Interest income for Servicer Advance Investments is accreted into earnings on an effective yield or “interest” method, based upon the expected aggregate cash flows of the Servicer Advance Investments, including the basic fee component of the related MSR (but excluding any Excess MSR component) through the expected life of the underlying mortgages, net of a portion of the basic fee component of the MSR that New Residential remits to the servicer as compensation for the servicer’s servicing activities. Changes to expected cash flows result in a cumulative retrospective adjustment, which is recorded in the period in which the change in expected cash flows occurs. Refer to “—Excess MSRs” for a description of the retrospective method. Fair value is generally determined by discounting the expected future cash flows using discount rates that incorporate the market risks and liquidity premium specific to the Servicer Advance Investments, and therefore may differ from their effective yields.
Real Estate and Other Securities	Agency and Non-Agency RMBS are classified as either available-for-sale or accounted for under the fair value option. The Company determines the appropriate classification of its securities at the time they are acquired and evaluates the appropriateness of such classifications at each balance sheet date. If classified as available-for-sale, investments are carried at fair value, with net unrealized gains or losses reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. If classified under the fair value option, changes in fair value are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Income as a component of Change in Fair Value of Investments. Fair value is determined under the guidance of ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. Management’s judgment is used to arrive at the fair value of the Company’s RMBS investments, taking into account prices obtained from third-party pricing providers and other applicable market data. The third-party pricing providers use pricing models that generally incorporate such factors as coupons, primary and secondary mortgage rates, rate reset periods, issuer, prepayment speeds, credit enhancements and expected life of the security. The Company’s application of ASC 820 guidance is discussed in further detail in Note 14. Investment securities transactions are recorded on the trade date. At disposition, the net realized gain or loss is determined on the basis of the cost of the specific investment and is included in net income. There are several different accounting models that may be applicable for purposes of the recognition of interest income on RMBS depending on whether the security is designated as available-for-sale or fair value option. The following accounting models apply to RMBS classified as available-for-sale: (i) RMBS of high credit quality rated ‘AA’ or higher that, at the time of purchase, the Company expects to collect all contractual cash flows and the security cannot be contractually prepaid in such a way that the Company would not recover substantially all of its recorded investment. (ii) Non-Agency RMBS which are not of high credit quality at the time of purchase or that can be contractually prepaid or otherwise settled in such a way that the Company would not recover substantially all of its recorded investment. For RMBS of high credit quality accounted for under (i) above, the Company recognizes interest income by applying the permitted “interest method,” whereby purchase premiums and discounts are amortized and accreted, respectively, as an adjustment to contractual interest income accrued at each security’s stated coupon rate. The interest method is applied at the individual security level based upon each security’s effective interest rate. The Company calculates each security’s effective interest rate at the time of purchase by solving for the discount rate that equates the present value of that security's remaining contractual cash flows (assuming no principal prepayments) to its purchase price. Because each security’s effective interest rate does not reflect an estimate of future prepayments, the Company refers to this manner of applying the interest method as the “contractual effective interest method.” When applying the contractual effective interest method to its investments in RMBS, as principal prepayments occur, a proportional amount of the unamortized premium or discount is recognized in interest income such that the contractual effective interest rate on the remaining security balance is unaffected. For Non-Agency RMBS accounted for under (ii) above, the Company recognizes interest income by applying the required prospective level-yield methodology. Interest income under this methodology is impacted by management judgments around both the amount and timing of credit losses (defaults) and prepayments. Consequently, interest income on these Non-Agency RMBS is recognized based on the timing and amount of cash flows expected to be collected, as opposed to being based on contractual cash flows. These securities are generally purchased at a discount to the principal amount. At the original acquisition date, the Company estimates the timing and amount of cash flows expected to be collected and calculates the present value of those amounts to the Company’s purchase price. In each subsequent balance sheet date, the Company revises its estimates of the remaining timing and amount of cash flows expected to be collected. If there is a positive change in the amount and timing of future cash flows expected to be collected from the previous estimate, the effective interest rate in future accounting periods may increase resulting in an increase in the reported amount of interest income in future periods. A positive change in the amount and timing of future cash flows expected to be collected is considered to have occurred when the net present value of future cash flows expected to be collected has increased from the previous estimate. This can occur from a change in either the timing of when cash flows are expected to be collected (i.e., from changes in prepayment speeds or the timing of estimated defaults) or in the amount of cash flows expected to be collected (i.e., from reductions in estimates of future defaults). If there is a negative or adverse change in the amount and timing of future cash flows expected to be collected from the previous estimate, and the security's fair value is below its amortized cost, an impairment loss equal to the adverse change in cash flows expected to be collected, discounted using the security's effective rate before impairment, is required to be recorded in current period earnings. Additionally, while the effective interest rate used to accrete interest income after an impairment has been recognized will generally be the same, the amount of interest income recorded in future periods will decline because of the reduced balance of the amortized cost basis of the investment to which such effective interest rate is applied. The following accounting models apply to RMBS accounted for under the fair value option: (iii) RMBS of high credit quality rated ‘AA’ or higher that, at the time of purchase, the Company expects to collect all contractual cash flows and the security cannot be contractually prepaid in such a way that the Company would not recover substantially all of its recorded investment. (iv) Non-Agency RMBS which are not of high credit quality at the time of purchase or that can be contractually prepaid or otherwise settled in such a way that the Company would not recover substantially all of its recorded investment. Interest income on RMBS accounted for in (iii) above is recognized based on the stated coupon rate and the outstanding principal amount. The original purchase premium or discount is not amortized or accreted as part of interest income but rather reflected as part of the security’s fair value. Interest income on Non-Agency RMBS accounted for in (iv) above is recognized in accordance with the model described in (ii) above. In June 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (“CECL”). This new guidance changed how entities measure credit losses for most financial assets that are not measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized through net income. The Company adopted the new guidance as of January 1, 2020. Subsequent to the adoption of CECL on January 1, 2020, the Company evaluates its RMBS classified as available-for-sale on a quarterly basis to assess whether a decline in the fair value below the amortized cost basis should be recognized in net income or other comprehensive income. The presence of an impairment is based upon a fair value decline below a security’s amortized cost basis and a corresponding adverse change in expected cash flows due to credit related factors as well as non-credit factors, such as changes in interest rates and market spreads. A security is considered to be impaired if the Company (i) intends to sell the security, (ii) will more likely than not be required to sell the security before recovering its cost basis, or (iii) does not expect to recover the security’s entire amortized cost basis, even if the Company does not intend to sell the security, or the Company believes it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovering its cost basis. Under these scenarios, the full amount of impairment is recognized currently in net income and the cost basis of the security is adjusted. However, if the Company does not intend to sell the impaired security and it is more likely than not that it will not be required to sell before recovery, the impairment is separated into (i) the estimated amount relating to credit loss, or the credit component, and (ii) the amount relating to all other factors, or the non-credit component. Credit related impairment is recognized as an allowance on the balance sheet with a corresponding adjustment to net income, with the remainder of the loss recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The allowance for credit loss as well as adjustment to net income can be reversed for subsequent changes in the estimate of expected credit loss. Impairment has been classified within Provision (Reversal) for Credit Losses on Securities in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13, the Company accounted for its securities under ASC 310 and ASC 325 and evaluated securities for other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) on at least a quarterly basis. The determination of whether a security was other-than-temporarily impaired involved judgments and assumptions based on subjective and objective factors. When the fair value of a real estate security was less than its amortized cost at the balance sheet date, the security was considered impaired, and the impairment was designated as either "temporary" or “other-than-temporary.” When a real estate security was impaired, an OTTI was considered to have occurred if (i) the Company intended to sell the security (i.e., a decision has been made as of the reporting date) or (ii) it was more likely than not that the Company was required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If the Company intended to sell the security or if it was more likely than not that the Company was required to sell the real estate security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the entire amount of the impairment loss, if any, was recognized in net income as a realized loss and the cost basis of the security was adjusted to its fair value. Additionally, for securities accounted for under ASC 325-40 an OTTI was deemed to have occurred when there was an adverse change in the expected cash flows to be received and the fair value of the security was less than its carrying amount. In determining whether an adverse change in cash flows occurred, the present value of the remaining cash flows, as estimated at the initial transaction date (or the last date previously revised), was compared to the present value of the expected cash flows at the current reporting date. The estimated cash flows reflected those a “market participant” would use and included observations of current information and events, and assumptions related to fluctuations in interest rates, prepayment speeds and the timing and amount of potential credit losses. Cash flows were discounted at a rate equal to the current yield used to accrete interest income. Any resulting OTTI adjustments were reflected in the Provision (Reversal) for Credit Losses on Securities in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The determination as to whether an OTTI existed was subjective, given that such determination was based on information available at the time of assessment as well as the Company’s estimate of the future performance and cash flow projections for the individual security. As a result, the timing and amount of an OTTI constituted an accounting estimate that could change materially over time. Increases in interest income could have been recognized on a security on which the Company previously recorded an OTTI charge if the performance of such security subsequently improved.
Residential Mortgage Loans and Consumers Loans	The Company's loan portfolio primarily consists of residential mortgage and consumer loans. The Company’s loans are classified as (i) held-for-investment at fair value, (ii) held-for-sale at fair value or (iii) held-for-sale at lower of cost or fair value. Loans are also eligible to be accounted for under the fair value option which are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value and the periodic changes in fair value is recorded as a component of Change in Fair Value of Investments in the Consolidated Statements of Income. When the Company has the intent and ability to hold loans for the foreseeable future or to maturity/payoff, such loans are classified as held for investment. When the Company has the intent to sell loans, such loans are classified as held for sale. For originated residential mortgage loans measured at fair value, New Residential reports the change in the fair value within Gain on Originated Residential Mortgage Loans, Held-for-Sale, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Fair value is generally determined using a market approach by utilizing either (i) the fair value of securities backed by similar residential mortgage loans, adjusted for certain factors to approximate the fair value of a whole residential mortgage loan, (ii) current commitments to purchase loans or (iii) recent observable market trades for similar loans, adjusted for credit risk and other individual loan characteristics. For acquired residential mortgage loans measured at fair value, New Residential reports the change in the fair value within Change in Fair Value of Investments in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Fair value is generally determined by discounting the expected future cash flows using inputs such as default rates, prepayment speeds and discount rates. For loans measured at the lower of cost or fair value, the Company accounts for any excess of cost over fair value as a valuation allowance and include changes in the valuation allowance in Valuation and Credit Loss Provision (Reversal) on Loans and Real Estate Owned in the Consolidated Statements of Income in the period in which the change occurs. Purchase price discounts or premiums are deferred in a contra loan account until the related loan is sold. The deferred discounts or premiums are an adjustment to the basis of the loan and are included in the quarterly determination of the lower of cost or fair value adjustments and/or the gain or loss recognized at the time of sale. Interest earned on residential mortgage loans is reported in Interest Income in the Consolidated Statements of Income. New Residential elected to apply the fair value option for all consumer loans. The fair value option provides an election which allows a company to irrevocably elect fair value for certain financial asset and liabilities on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The Company elected the fair value option for these loans to better align reported results with the underlying economic changes in value of the loans on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Unrealized gains (losses) from the change in fair value of consumer loans are recognized in Change in Fair Value of Investments in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Realized gains (losses) are recorded in Gain on Settlement of Investments, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Interest income is recognized over the life of the loan using the effective interest method and is recorded on the accrual basis. The Company’s residential mortgage loans and consumer loans are carried at fair value or the lower of cost or fair value. As a result, these loans are not subject to an allowance for credit losses under the CECL impairment model. A loan is determined to be past due when a monthly payment is due and unpaid for 30 days or more. Loans, other than PCD loans, are placed on nonaccrual status and considered non-performing when full payment of principal and interest is in doubt, which generally occurs when principal or interest is 120 days or more past due unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Loans held-for-sale are subject to the nonaccrual policy. A loan may be returned to accrual status when repayment is reasonably assured and there has been demonstrated performance under the terms of the loan or, if applicable, the terms of the restructured loan. New Residential’s ability to recognize interest income on nonaccrual loans as cash interest payments are received rather than as a reduction of the carrying value of the loans is based on the recorded loan balance being deemed fully collectible.
Single-Family Rental (“SFR”) Properties, Net	Purchases of SFR properties are accounted for as asset acquisitions and recorded at their purchase price, which is allocated between land, building and improvements, and in-place lease intangibles (when a resident is in place at the acquisition date) based upon their relative fair values at the date of acquisition. The purchase price for purposes of this allocation is inclusive of acquisition costs which typically include legal fees, title fees, payments made to cure tax, utility, HOA, as well as other closing costs. SFR Properties, Net is grouped and presented as part of Other Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. SFR properties are classified as held for investment and carried at cost less accumulated depreciation expense and impairment. From time to time, the Company may identify SFR properties to be sold. If the Company identifies a property to be sold, depreciation on the property is ceased, the property is measured at the lower of its carrying amount or its fair value less estimated costs to sell, and is presented separately from SFR properties classified as held for investment. Costs to acquire, renovate, and prepare SFR properties to be leased are capitalized as a component of each residential rental real estate property using specific identification and relative allocation methodologies, including renovation costs and other costs associated with activities that are directly related to preparing the properties for use as rental real estate. Other costs include interest costs, property taxes, property insurance, utilities, and HOA fees. The capitalization period associated with renovation activities begins at the time that such activities commence and conclude at the time that an SFR property is available to be leased. Once a property is ready for its intended use, expenditures for ordinary maintenance and repairs thereafter are expensed to operations as incurred, while expenditures that improve or extend the life of a property, such as certain furniture and fixtures additions, are capitalized. The determination of which costs to capitalize requires judgment and can involve many factors with no one factor necessarily determinative. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance recognized immediately are included in General and Administrative expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income. Except for land, costs capitalized in connection with SFR property acquisitions are depreciated over their estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis. The depreciation period commences upon the completion of renovation-related activities or upon the completion of improvements made on an ongoing basis. For those costs capitalized in connection with residential property acquisitions and renovation activities and those capitalized on an ongoing basis, the average useful life is approximately 15 years. SFR properties are continuously monitored to assess whether there have been any events or changes in circumstances indicating that the carrying amount may be impaired and not recoverable. Significant indicators of impairment may include, but are not limited to, declines in home values, rental rates and occupancy percentages, as well as significant changes in the economy. To the extent an event or change in circumstance is identified, an SFR property is considered to be impaired only if its carrying value cannot be recovered through estimated future undiscounted cash flows from the use and eventual disposition of the property. To the extent an impairment has occurred, the carrying amount is adjusted to its estimated fair value. Impairment charges are included in Other Income (Loss) in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income. Under ASC 842, Leases, an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses is not permitted. Rather, when collectability is not deemed probable, the Company writes-off the tenant’s receivables and limits lease income to cash received. Revenues associated with SFR properties consist of rents collected under lease agreements, net of any concessions and bad debt (including write-offs, credit reserves, and uncollectible amounts) and other income, including tenant reimbursements for utilities and other charge-backs such as late fees and non-refundable deposits. Leases typically have a term of one to two years. Rental revenues are included in Other Income in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income. All of the Company’s SFR properties are managed by an external property manager.
Mortgage Loans Receivable	New Residential, through its wholly owned subsidiary Genesis, originates and manages a portfolio of primarily short-term mortgage loans to fund the construction and development of, or investment in, residential properties. New Residential elected to apply the fair value option for all mortgage loans receivable. The fair value option provides an election which allows a company to irrevocably elect fair value for certain financial asset and liabilities on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The Company elected the fair value option for these loans to better align reported results with the underlying economic changes in value of the loans on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Furthermore, as a result of the election to apply the fair value option, these loans are not subject to an allowance for credit losses under the CECL impairment model. New Residential reports the change in the fair value within Change in Fair Value of Investments in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Fair value is generally determined by discounting the expected future cash flows using inputs such as default rates, prepayment speeds and discount rates. Mortgage loans receivable are presented net of construction holdbacks and interest reserves on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The construction holdback represents amounts withheld from the funding of construction loans and released as the project progresses. The interest reserve represents amounts withheld from the funding of certain mortgage loans in order to satisfy monthly interest payments for all or part of the term of the related loan. Accrued interest is paid out of the interest reserve and recognized as interest income on a monthly basis. Mortgage loans receivable can be placed in contractual default status for (i) an interest payment is more than 30 days past due or sooner, if collection is considered doubtful, (ii) a loan matures and the borrower fails to make payment of all amounts owed or extend the loan, or (iii) the collateral becomes impaired in such a way that the ultimate collection of the loan receivable is doubtful. The accrual of interest income is suspended when a loan is in contractual default unless the interest is paid in cash or collectability of all amounts due is reasonably assured. In addition, in certain instances, where the interest reserve on a current loan has been fully depleted and the interest payment is not expected to be collected from the borrower, the Company may place a current loan on non-accrual status and recognize interest income on a cash basis. Interest previously accrued may be reversed at that time, and such reversal is offset against interest income. The accrual of interest income resumes only when the suspended loan becomes contractually current or a credit analysis supports the ability to collect in accordance with the terms of the loan. In addition to interest income, the Company generates loan fee income, including loan origination fees, loan renewal fees and inspection fees. The majority of fee income is composed of loan origination fees, or “points,” with interest rates based on the total commitment at origination. In addition to origination fees, the Company earns loan extension fees when maturing loans are renewed or extended and amendment fees when loan terms are modified, such as increases in interest reserves and construction holdbacks. Loans are generally only renewed or extended if the loan is not in default and satisfies the Company’s underwriting criteria. Loan fee income is recognized as interest income at origination or amendment given the Company’s election of the fair value option. Both interest and loan fee income earned on mortgage loans is reported in Interest Income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Residential Mortgage Loan Repurchases	The Mortgage Company, as approved issuer of Ginnie Mae MBS, originate and securitize government-insured residential mortgage loans. As issuer of Ginnie Mae-guaranteed securitizations, the Mortgage Company has the unilateral right to repurchase loans from the securitizations when they are delinquent for more than 90 days. Loans in forbearance that are three or more consecutive payments delinquent are included as delinquent loans permitted to be repurchased. Under GAAP, the Mortgage Company is required to recognize the right to loans on its balance sheet and establish a corresponding liability upon the triggering of the repurchase right regardless of whether the Mortgage Company intends to repurchase the loans. Upon recognizing loans eligible for repurchase, the Company does not change the accounting for MSRs related to previously sold loans. Upon reacquisition of a loan the MSR is written off.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	New Residential considers all highly liquid short-term investments with maturities of 90 days or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Substantially all amounts on deposit with major financial institutions exceed insured limits.
Servicer Advances Receivable	Represents servicer advances due to New Residential’s servicer subsidiary, NRM (Note 6). The servicer advances receivable purchased in conjunction with MSRs are recorded with purchase discounts. Subsequent advances are recorded at cost, subject to impairment. Any related purchase discounts are accreted into Servicing Revenue, Net on a straight-line basis over the estimated weighted average life of the advances.
Real estate owned (REO)	REO assets are those individual properties acquired by New Residential or where New Residential receives the property in satisfaction of a debt (e.g., by taking legal title or physical possession). New Residential measures REO assets at the lower of cost or fair value, with valuation changes recorded in Other Income or Valuation and Credit Loss Provision (Reversal) on Loans and Real Estate Owned in the Consolidated Statements of Income. REO assets are managed for prompt sale and disposition at the best possible economic value.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets	New Residential qualitatively assesses its goodwill assigned to each of its reporting units during the fourth quarter of each year. This qualitative assessment evaluates various events and circumstances, such as macro-economic conditions, industry and market conditions, cost factors, relevant events and financial trends, that may impact a reporting unit's fair value. Using this qualitative assessment, the Company determines whether it is more-likely-than-not the reporting unit's fair value exceeds its carrying value. If it is determined that it is not more-likely-than-not the reporting unit's fair value exceeds the carrying value, or upon consideration of other factors, including recent acquisition, restructuring or divestiture activity, the Company performs a quantitative, “step one,” goodwill impairment analysis. In addition, the Company may test goodwill in between annual test dates if an event occurs or circumstances change that could more-likely-than-not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. New Residential did not recognize any impairment for the year ended December 31, 2021.As a result of the various acquisitions (see Note 3), New Residential identified intangible assets in the form of licenses, customer relationships, business relationships, and trade names. New Residential recorded the intangible assets at fair value at the acquisition date and amortizes the value of finite-lived intangibles into expense over the expected useful life. Amortization of acquired intangible assets is included in General and Administrative expenses in New Residential’s Consolidated Statements of Income. If impairment events occur, they could accelerate the timing of acquired intangible asset charges. Licenses and certain trade names acquired are deemed to have an indefinite useful life and are evaluated for impairment annual during the fourth quarter and in interim periods if indicators of impairment exist.
Leases	New Residential determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent obligations to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the net present value of lease payments over the lease term. The majority of New Residential’s lease agreements do not provide an implicit rate. As a result, New Residential used an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available as of the lease commencement dates in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset reflects any upfront lease payments made as well as lease incentives received. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease and these are factored into the determination of the ROU asset and lease liability at lease inception when and if it is reasonably certain that New Residential will exercise that option. Lease expense for fixed lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. New Residential has certain lease agreements with nonlease components such as maintenance and executory costs, which are accounted for separately and not included in ROU assets. ROU assets are tested for impairment whenever changes in facts or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Modification of a lease term would result in re-measurement of the lease liability and a corresponding adjustment to the ROU asset.
Secured Financing Agreements and Secured Notes and Bonds Payable	The Company finances the acquisition of certain assets within its investment portfolio using secured financing agreements, including repurchase agreements and warehouse credit facilities. Repurchase agreements and warehouse credit facilities are treated as collateralized financing transactions and carried at their contractual amounts, including accrued interest, as specified in the respective agreements. The carrying amount of the Company’s secured financing agreements and warehouse credit facilities approximates fair value. The Company pledges certain securities, loans or other assets as collateral under secured financing agreements and warehouse credit facilities with financial institutions, the terms and conditions of which are negotiated on a transaction-by-transaction basis. The amounts available to be borrowed under repurchase agreements and warehouse credit facilities are dependent upon the fair value of the securities, or loans pledged as collateral, which can fluctuate with changes in interest rates, type of security and liquidity conditions within the banking, mortgage finance and real estate industries.
Residential Mortgage Origination Reserves	The Mortgage Company originates conventional, government-insured and nonconforming residential mortgage loans for sale and securitization. In connection with the transfer of loans to the GSEs or mortgage investors, the Mortgage Company provides representations and warranties regarding certain attributes of the loans and, subsequent to the sale, if it is determined that a sold loan is in breach of these representations and warranties, the Mortgage Company generally has an obligation to cure the breach. If the Mortgage Company is unable to cure the breach, the purchaser may require the Mortgage Company to repurchase the loan. New Residential records a reserve for sales recourse at the time of sale to cover all potential recourse obligations based on the outstanding balance of residential mortgage loans subject to recourse as well as historical and estimated future loss rates. New Residential evaluates the ongoing adequacy of the reserve based on actual experience and changing circumstances, making adjustments to the reserve as deemed necessary.
Interest Expense	New Residential finances certain investments using floating rate secured financing agreements and loans. Interest is expensed as incurred. See Note 13 for additional information.
Management Fee and Incentive Compensation to Affiliate	These represent amounts due to the Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement.
Offering Costs	The Company has incurred offering costs in connection with common stock offerings, registration statements, preferred stock offerings and exchanges. Where applicable, the offering costs were paid out of the proceeds of the respective offerings. Offering costs in connection with common stock offerings and costs in connection with registration statements have been accounted for as a reduction of additional paid-in capital. Offering costs in connection with preferred stock offerings have been accounted for as a reduction of their respective gross proceeds. Exchange costs in connection with the Company's preferred stock exchanges have been accounted for as a reduction to the Company's retained earnings.
Earnings (Loss) Per Share	In accordance with the provisions of ASC 260, Earnings Per Share, New Residential calculates basic income (loss) per share by dividing net income (loss) available to common stockholders for the period by weighted average shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding for that period. Diluted income per share takes into account the effect of dilutive instruments, such as stock options and warrants but uses the average share price for the period in determining the number of incremental shares that are to be added to the weighted average number of shares outstanding. In periods in which the Company records a net loss, potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the diluted loss per share calculation, as their effect on loss per share is anti-dilutive.
Comprehensive Income	Comprehensive income is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances, excluding those resulting from investments by and distributions to owners. For New Residential’s purposes, comprehensive income represents net income, as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income, adjusted for unrealized gains or losses on certain securities classified as available for sale.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The standard was issued to ease the accounting effects of reform to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and other reference rates. The standard provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to debt, derivatives, and other contracts affected by reference rate reform. While the Company currently does not have any hedge accounting relationships, many of the Company’s debt facilities and loan agreements incorporate LIBOR as the referenced rate. Some of these facilities and loan agreements either mature prior to the phase out of LIBOR or have provisions in place that provide for an alternative to LIBOR upon its phase-out. The standard is effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022 and may be elected over time as reference rate reform activities occur. In preparation for the phase-out of LIBOR, the Company has adopted and implemented the SOFR index for our Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae adjustable-rate mortgages (“ARMs”). For debt facilities that do not mature prior to the phase-out of LIBOR, the Company has begun amending terms to transition to an alternative benchmark. The Company continues to evaluate the transitional impact to serviced ARMs.In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt–Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Topic 470) and Derivatives and Hedging–Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Topic 815). The standard simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models. A convertible debt instrument will generally be reported as a single liability at its amortized cost with no separate accounting for embedded conversion features. The standard also amends the accounting for certain contracts in an entity’s own equity that are currently accounted for as derivatives because of specific settlement provisions. In addition, the new guidance eliminates the treasury stock method to calculate diluted earnings per share for convertible instruments and requires the use of the if-converted method. ASU 2020-16 is effective for New Residential beginning in the first quarter of 2022 with early adoption permitted beginning in 2021. The adoption of ASU 2020-06 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. The standard requires entities to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The update will generally result in an entity recognizing contract assets and contract liabilities at amounts consistent with those recorded by the acquiree immediately before the acquisition date rather than at fair value. The new standard is effective on a prospective basis for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2022. The adoption of the new standard did not have an impact to its operating results, financial position, or cash flows.

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

New Residential has elected and intends to qualify to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As such, New Residential will generally not be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on that portion of its net income that is distributed to stockholders if it distributes at least 90% of its REIT taxable income to its stockholders by prescribed dates and complies with various other requirements. See Notes 2 and 19 for further discussion regarding New Residential’s taxable REIT subsidiaries.New Residential operates so as to qualify as a REIT under the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Requirements for qualification as a REIT include various restrictions on ownership of New Residential’s stock, requirements concerning distribution of taxable income and certain restrictions on the nature of assets and sources of income. A REIT must distribute at least 90% of its taxable income to its stockholders (subject to certain adjustments). Distributions may extend until timely filing of New Residential’s tax return in the subsequent taxable year. Qualifying distributions of taxable income are deductible by a REIT in computing taxable income.

Certain activities of New Residential are conducted through taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”) and therefore are subject to federal and state income taxes. Accordingly, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases upon the change in tax status. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

New Residential recognizes tax benefits for uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the position is sustainable based on its technical merits. Interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions are included as a component of the provision for income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Segment Reporting

As of December 31, 2021, New Residential conducted its business through the following segments (i) Origination, (ii) Servicing, (iii) MSR Related Investments, (iv) Residential Securities, Properties and Loans, (v) Consumer Loans, (vi) Mortgage Loans Receivable and (vii) Corporate.

Basis of Accounting

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP’’ or “US GAAP”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of New Residential and its consolidated subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Consolidation, Variable Interest Entities

New Residential consolidates those entities in which it has control over significant operating, financial and investing decisions of the entity, as well as those entities deemed to be variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which New Residential is determined to be the primary beneficiary. For entities over which New Residential exercises significant influence, but which do not meet the requirements for consolidation, New Residential uses the equity method of accounting whereby it records its share of the underlying income of such entities. Distributions from equity method investees are classified in the Statements of Cash Flows based on the cumulative earnings approach, where all distributions up to cumulative earnings are classified as distributions of earnings.

Reclassifications

Beginning in the third quarter of 2021, New Residential changed its presentation of certain balance sheet and income statement line items to better reflect how New Residential is managed. Specifically, MSR Financing Receivables is presented together with Mortgage Servicing Rights, at Fair Value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Prior period amounts in New Residential’s Consolidated Financial Statements and respective notes have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Such reclassifications had no impact on net income, total assets, total liabilities, or stockholders’ equity.In addition to above, certain other prior period amounts in New Residential’s Consolidated Financial Statements and respective notes have been reclassified to be consistent with the current period presentation. Such reclassifications had no impact on net income, total assets, total liabilities, or stockholders’ equity.

Risks and Uncertainties

In the normal course of business, New Residential encounters primarily two significant types of economic risk: credit and market. Credit risk is the risk of default on New Residential’s investments that results from a borrower’s or counterparty’s inability or unwillingness to make contractually required payments. Market risk reflects changes in the value of investments due to changes in prepayment rates, interest rates, spreads or other market factors, including risks that impact the value of the collateral underlying New Residential’s investments. Taking into consideration these risks along with estimated prepayments, financings, collateral values, payment histories, and other information, New Residential believes that the carrying values of its investments are reasonable. Furthermore, for each of the periods presented, a significant portion of New Residential’s assets are dependent on its servicers’ and subservicers’ ability to perform their obligations servicing the loans underlying New Residential’s MSRs and MSR Financing Receivables, Excess MSRs, Servicer Advance Investments, Non-Agency RMBS and loans. If a servicer is terminated, New Residential’s right to receive its portion of the cash flows related to interests in servicing related assets may also be terminated.The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact the U.S. and world economies and has contributed to volatility in global financial and credit markets. Furthermore, disruptions caused by COVID-19 have slowed many commercial activities in the U.S., resulting in a reduced business revenues and reductions in liquidity and the fair value of many assets, including those in which the Company invests. The ultimate duration and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and response thereto remain uncertain.

Income Tax Uncertainties

New Residential is subject to significant tax risks. If New Residential were to fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, New Residential would be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax (including any applicable alternative minimum tax), which could be material. Unless entitled to relief under certain statutory provisions, New Residential would also be disqualified from treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification is lost.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Business Combinations and Assets Acquisitions

When the assets acquired and liabilities assumed constitute a business, then the acquisition is a business combination. If substantially all of the fair value of the gross asset acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets, the asset is not considered a business. Business combinations are accounted for under ASC 805, Business Combinations, (“ASC 805”) using the acquisition method which requires, among other things, that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recognized at fair value as of the acquisition date. In a business combination, the initial allocation of the purchase price is considered preliminary and therefore subject to change until the end of the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date). Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the net assets acquired that meet the criteria for separate recognition and represents the estimated future economic benefits arising from these and other assets acquired that could not be individually identified or do not qualify for recognition as a separate asset. Likewise, a bargain purchase gain is recognized in current earnings when the aggregate fair value of the consideration transferred and any noncontrolling interests in the acquiree is less than the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Acquisition related costs are expensed as incurred. The results of operations of acquired businesses are included from the date of acquisition.

Investment Consolidation and Transfers of Financial Assets

For each investment made, the Company evaluates the underlying entity that issued the securities acquired or to which the Company makes a loan to determine the appropriate accounting. A similar analysis is performed for each entity with which the Company enters into an agreement for management, servicing or related services. In performing the analysis, the Company refers to guidance in ASC 810-10, Consolidation. In situations where the Company is the transferor of financial assets, the Company refers to the guidance in ASC 860-10, Transfers and Servicing. In VIEs, an entity is subject to consolidation under ASC 810-10 if the equity investors either do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, are unable to direct the entity’s activities or are not exposed to the entity’s losses or entitled to its residual returns. VIEs within the scope of ASC 810-10 are required to be consolidated by their primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is determined to be the party that has both the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. This determination can sometimes involve complex and subjective analyses. Further, ASC 810-10 also requires ongoing assessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. In accordance with ASC 810-10, all transferees, including variable interest entities, must be evaluated for consolidation. If the Company determines that consolidation is not required, it will then assess whether the transfer of the underlying assets would qualify as a sale, should be accounted for as secured financings under GAAP, or should be accounted for as an equity method investment, depending on the circumstances.

A Special Purpose Entity (“SPE”) is an entity designed to fulfill a specific limited need of the company that organized it. SPEs are often used to facilitate transactions that involve securitizing financial assets or resecuritizing previously securitized financial assets. The objective of such transactions may include obtaining non-recourse financing, obtaining liquidity or refinancing the underlying securitized financial assets on improved terms. Securitization involves transferring assets to an SPE to convert all or a portion of those assets into cash before they would have been realized in the normal course of business through the SPE’s issuance of debt or equity instruments. Investors in an SPE usually have recourse only to the assets in the SPE and depending on the overall structure of the transaction, may benefit from various forms of credit enhancement, such as over-collateralization in the form of excess assets in the SPE, priority with respect to receipt of cash flows relative to holders of other debt or equity instruments issued by the SPE, or a line of credit or other form of liquidity agreement that is designed with the objective of ensuring that investors receive principal and/or interest cash flow on the investment in accordance with the terms of their investment agreement.

The Company may periodically enter into transactions in which it transfers assets to a third party. Upon a transfer of financial assets, the Company will sometimes retain or acquire subordinated interests in the related assets. Pursuant to ASC 860-10, a determination must be made as to whether a transferor has surrendered control over transferred financial assets. That determination must consider the transferor’s continuing involvement in the transferred financial asset, including all arrangements or agreements made contemporaneously with, or in contemplation of, the transfer, even if they were not entered into at the time of the transfer. The financial components approach under ASC 860-10 limits the circumstances in which a financial asset, or portion of a financial asset, should be derecognized when the transferor has not transferred the entire original financial asset to an entity that is not consolidated with the transferor in the financial statements being presented and/or when the transferor has continuing involvement with the transferred financial asset. It defines the term “participating interest” to establish specific conditions for reporting a transfer of a portion of a financial asset as a sale. Under ASC 860-10, after a transfer of financial assets that meets the criteria for treatment as a sale-legal isolation, ability of transferee to pledge or exchange the transferred assets without constraint and transferred control-an entity recognizes the financial and servicing assets it acquired or retained and the liabilities it has incurred, derecognizes financial assets it has sold and derecognizes liabilities when extinguished. The transferor would then determine the gain or loss on sale of financial assets by allocating the carrying value of the underlying mortgage between securities or loans sold and the interests retained based on their fair values. The gain or loss on sale is the difference between the cash proceeds from the sale and the amount allocated to the securities or loans sold. When a transfer of financial assets does not qualify for sale accounting, ASC 860-10 requires the transfer to be accounted for as a secured borrowing with a pledge of collateral.

From time to time, the Company may securitize mortgage loans it holds if such financing is available. Depending upon the structure of the securitization transaction, these transactions will be recorded in accordance with ASC 860-10 and will be accounted for as either a sale and the loans will be removed from the Consolidated Balance Sheets or as a financing and the loans will remain on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. ASC 860-10 is a standard that may require the Company to exercise significant judgment in determining whether a transaction should be recorded as a sale or a financing

Excess MSRs

Excess MSRs refer to the excess servicing spread related to mortgage servicing rights, whose underlying collateral is securitized in a trust. Upon acquisition, New Residential has elected to record each of such investments at fair value. New Residential elected to record its investments at fair value in order to provide users of the financial statements with better information regarding the effects of prepayment risk and other market factors on Excess MSRs. Under this election, New Residential records a valuation adjustment on its Excess MSRs on a quarterly basis to recognize the changes in fair value in net income. Excess MSRs are aggregated into pools as applicable; each pool of Excess MSRs is accounted for in the aggregate. Interest income for Excess MSRs is accreted into earnings on an effective yield or “interest” method, based upon the expected excess mortgage servicing amount through the expected life of the underlying mortgages. Changes to expected cash flows result in a cumulative retrospective adjustment, which will be recorded in the period in which the change in expected cash flows occurs. Under the retrospective method, the interest income recognized for a reporting period is measured as the difference between the amortized cost basis at the end of the period and the amortized cost basis at the beginning of the period, plus any cash received during the period. The amortized cost basis is calculated as the present value of estimated future cash flows using an effective yield, which is the yield that equates all past actual and current estimated future cash flows to the initial investment. In addition, New Residential’s policy is to recognize interest income only on its Excess MSRs in existing eligible underlying mortgages. The difference between the fair value of Excess MSRs and their amortized cost basis is recorded as Change in Fair Value of Investments. Fair value is generally determined by discounting the expected future cash flows using discount rates that incorporate the market risks and liquidity premium specific to the Excess MSRs, and therefore may differ from their effective yields.

MSRs

MSRs represent the contractual right to service residential mortgage loans. The Company recognizes MSRs created through the sale of loans it originates. Under the accounting guidance for transfers and servicing, the Company initially measures a mortgage servicing asset that qualifies for separate recognition at fair value on the date of transfer. New Residential elected to record its investments at fair value in order to provide users of the financial statements with better information regarding the effects of prepayment risk and other market factors on MSRs. Under this election, New Residential records a valuation adjustment on its MSRs on a quarterly basis to recognize the changes in fair value in net income. MSRs are aggregated into pools as applicable; each pool of MSRs is accounted for in the aggregate. Income from MSRs is recorded in Servicing Revenue, Net and comprises (i) income from the MSRs, plus or minus (ii) the mark-to-market on the MSRs including change in fair value due to realization of cash flows. Fair value is generally determined by discounting the expected future cash flows using discount rates that incorporate the market risks and liquidity premium specific to the MSRs.

MSR Financing Receivables

In certain cases, New Residential has legally purchased MSRs or the right to the economic interest in MSRs; however, New Residential has determined that the purchase agreement would not be treated as a sale under GAAP. Therefore, rather than recording an investment in MSRs, New Residential records an investment in MSR Financing Receivables. Income from this investment (net of subservicing fees) is recorded as interest income and is grouped and presented as part of Servicing Revenue, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Additionally, New Residential has elected to measure MSR Financing Receivables at fair value, with changes in fair value flowing through Servicing Revenue, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Servicer Advance Investments

New Residential accounts for its Servicer Advance Investments similarly to its Excess MSRs. Interest income for Servicer Advance Investments is accreted into earnings on an effective yield or “interest” method, based upon the expected aggregate cash flows of the Servicer Advance Investments, including the basic fee component of the related MSR (but excluding any Excess MSR component) through the expected life of the underlying mortgages, net of a portion of the basic fee component of the MSR that New Residential remits to the servicer as compensation for the servicer’s servicing activities. Changes to expected cash flows result in a cumulative retrospective adjustment, which is recorded in the period in which the change in expected cash flows occurs. Refer to “—Excess MSRs” for a description of the retrospective method. Fair value is generally determined by discounting the expected future cash flows using discount rates that incorporate the market risks and liquidity premium specific to the Servicer Advance Investments, and therefore may differ from their effective yields.

Real Estate and Other Securities

Agency and Non-Agency RMBS are classified as either available-for-sale or accounted for under the fair value option. The Company determines the appropriate classification of its securities at the time they are acquired and evaluates the appropriateness of such classifications at each balance sheet date. If classified as available-for-sale, investments are carried at fair value, with net unrealized gains or losses reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. If classified under the fair value option, changes in fair value are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Income as a component of Change in Fair Value of Investments.

Fair value is determined under the guidance of ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. Management’s judgment is used to arrive at the fair value of the Company’s RMBS investments, taking into account prices obtained from third-party pricing providers and other applicable market data. The third-party pricing providers use pricing models that generally incorporate such factors as coupons, primary and secondary mortgage rates, rate reset periods, issuer, prepayment speeds, credit enhancements and expected life of the security. The Company’s application of ASC 820 guidance is discussed in further detail in Note 14.

Investment securities transactions are recorded on the trade date. At disposition, the net realized gain or loss is determined on the basis of the cost of the specific investment and is included in net income.

There are several different accounting models that may be applicable for purposes of the recognition of interest income on RMBS depending on whether the security is designated as available-for-sale or fair value option.

The following accounting models apply to RMBS classified as available-for-sale:

(i) RMBS of high credit quality rated ‘AA’ or higher that, at the time of purchase, the Company expects to collect all contractual cash flows and the security cannot be contractually prepaid in such a way that the Company would not recover substantially all of its recorded investment.

(ii) Non-Agency RMBS which are not of high credit quality at the time of purchase or that can be contractually prepaid or otherwise settled in such a way that the Company would not recover substantially all of its recorded investment.

For RMBS of high credit quality accounted for under (i) above, the Company recognizes interest income by applying the permitted “interest method,” whereby purchase premiums and discounts are amortized and accreted, respectively, as an adjustment to contractual interest income accrued at each security’s stated coupon rate. The interest method is applied at the individual security level based upon each security’s effective interest rate. The Company calculates each security’s effective interest rate at the time of purchase by solving for the discount rate that equates the present value of that security's remaining contractual cash flows (assuming no principal prepayments) to its purchase price. Because each security’s effective interest rate does not reflect an estimate of future prepayments, the Company refers to this manner of applying the interest method as the “contractual effective interest method.” When applying the contractual effective interest method to its investments in RMBS, as principal prepayments occur, a proportional amount of the unamortized premium or discount is recognized in interest income such that the contractual effective interest rate on the remaining security balance is unaffected.

For Non-Agency RMBS accounted for under (ii) above, the Company recognizes interest income by applying the required prospective level-yield methodology. Interest income under this methodology is impacted by management judgments around both the amount and timing of credit losses (defaults) and prepayments. Consequently, interest income on these Non-Agency RMBS is recognized based on the timing and amount of cash flows expected to be collected, as opposed to being based on contractual cash flows. These securities are generally purchased at a discount to the principal amount. At the original acquisition date, the Company estimates the timing and amount of cash flows expected to be collected and calculates the present value of those amounts to the Company’s purchase price. In each subsequent balance sheet date, the Company revises its estimates of the remaining timing and amount of cash flows expected to be collected. If there is a positive change in the amount and timing of future cash flows expected to be collected from the previous estimate, the effective interest rate in future accounting periods may increase resulting in an increase in the reported amount of interest income in future periods. A positive change in the amount and timing of future cash flows expected to be collected is considered to have occurred when the net present value of future cash flows expected to be collected has increased from the previous estimate. This can occur from a change in either the timing of when cash flows are expected to be collected (i.e., from changes in prepayment speeds or the timing of estimated defaults) or in the amount of cash flows expected to be collected (i.e., from reductions in estimates of future

defaults). If there is a negative or adverse change in the amount and timing of future cash flows expected to be collected from the previous estimate, and the security's fair value is below its amortized cost, an impairment loss equal to the adverse change in cash flows expected to be collected, discounted using the security's effective rate before impairment, is required to be recorded in current period earnings. Additionally, while the effective interest rate used to accrete interest income after an impairment has been recognized will generally be the same, the amount of interest income recorded in future periods will decline because of the reduced balance of the amortized cost basis of the investment to which such effective interest rate is applied.

The following accounting models apply to RMBS accounted for under the fair value option:

(iii) RMBS of high credit quality rated ‘AA’ or higher that, at the time of purchase, the Company expects to collect all contractual cash flows and the security cannot be contractually prepaid in such a way that the Company would not recover substantially all of its recorded investment.

(iv) Non-Agency RMBS which are not of high credit quality at the time of purchase or that can be contractually prepaid or otherwise settled in such a way that the Company would not recover substantially all of its recorded investment.

Interest income on RMBS accounted for in (iii) above is recognized based on the stated coupon rate and the outstanding principal amount. The original purchase premium or discount is not amortized or accreted as part of interest income but rather reflected as part of the security’s fair value.

Interest income on Non-Agency RMBS accounted for in (iv) above is recognized in accordance with the model described in (ii) above.

In June 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (“CECL”). This new guidance changed how entities measure credit losses for most financial assets that are not measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized through net income. The Company adopted the new guidance as of January 1, 2020.

Subsequent to the adoption of CECL on January 1, 2020, the Company evaluates its RMBS classified as available-for-sale on a quarterly basis to assess whether a decline in the fair value below the amortized cost basis should be recognized in net income or other comprehensive income. The presence of an impairment is based upon a fair value decline below a security’s amortized cost basis and a corresponding adverse change in expected cash flows due to credit related factors as well as non-credit factors, such as changes in interest rates and market spreads. A security is considered to be impaired if the Company (i) intends to sell the security, (ii) will more likely than not be required to sell the security before recovering its cost basis, or (iii) does not expect to recover the security’s entire amortized cost basis, even if the Company does not intend to sell the security, or the Company believes it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovering its cost basis. Under these scenarios, the full amount of impairment is recognized currently in net income and the cost basis of the security is adjusted. However, if the Company does not intend to sell the impaired security and it is more likely than not that it will not be required to sell before recovery, the impairment is separated into (i) the estimated amount relating to credit loss, or the credit component, and (ii) the amount relating to all other factors, or the non-credit component. Credit related impairment is recognized as an allowance on the balance sheet with a corresponding adjustment to net income, with the remainder of the loss recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The allowance for credit loss as well as adjustment to net income can be reversed for subsequent changes in the estimate of expected credit loss. Impairment has been classified within Provision (Reversal) for Credit Losses on Securities in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13, the Company accounted for its securities under ASC 310 and ASC 325 and evaluated securities for other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) on at least a quarterly basis. The determination of whether a security was other-than-temporarily impaired involved judgments and assumptions based on subjective and objective factors. When the fair value of a real estate security was less than its amortized cost at the balance sheet date, the security was considered impaired, and the impairment was designated as either "temporary" or “other-than-temporary.”

When a real estate security was impaired, an OTTI was considered to have occurred if (i) the Company intended to sell the security (i.e., a decision has been made as of the reporting date) or (ii) it was more likely than not that the Company was required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If the Company intended to sell the security or if it was more likely than not that the Company was required to sell the real estate security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the entire amount of the impairment loss, if any, was recognized in net income as a realized loss and the cost basis of the security was adjusted to its fair value. Additionally, for securities accounted for under ASC 325-40 an OTTI was deemed to

have occurred when there was an adverse change in the expected cash flows to be received and the fair value of the security was less than its carrying amount. In determining whether an adverse change in cash flows occurred, the present value of the remaining cash flows, as estimated at the initial transaction date (or the last date previously revised), was compared to the present value of the expected cash flows at the current reporting date. The estimated cash flows reflected those a “market participant” would use and included observations of current information and events, and assumptions related to fluctuations in interest rates, prepayment speeds and the timing and amount of potential credit losses. Cash flows were discounted at a rate equal to the current yield used to accrete interest income. Any resulting OTTI adjustments were reflected in the Provision (Reversal) for Credit Losses on Securities in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

The determination as to whether an OTTI existed was subjective, given that such determination was based on information available at the time of assessment as well as the Company’s estimate of the future performance and cash flow projections for the individual security. As a result, the timing and amount of an OTTI constituted an accounting estimate that could change materially over time. Increases in interest income could have been recognized on a security on which the Company previously recorded an OTTI charge if the performance of such security subsequently improved.

Residential Mortgage Loans and Consumers Loans

The Company's loan portfolio primarily consists of residential mortgage and consumer loans. The Company’s loans are classified as (i) held-for-investment at fair value, (ii) held-for-sale at fair value or (iii) held-for-sale at lower of cost or fair value. Loans are also eligible to be accounted for under the fair value option which are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value and the periodic changes in fair value is recorded as a component of Change in Fair Value of Investments in the Consolidated Statements of Income. When the Company has the intent and ability to hold loans for the foreseeable future or to maturity/payoff, such loans are classified as held for investment. When the Company has the intent to sell loans, such loans are classified as held for sale.

For originated residential mortgage loans measured at fair value, New Residential reports the change in the fair value within Gain on Originated Residential Mortgage Loans, Held-for-Sale, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Fair value is generally determined using a market approach by utilizing either (i) the fair value of securities backed by similar residential mortgage loans, adjusted for certain factors to approximate the fair value of a whole residential mortgage loan, (ii) current commitments to purchase loans or (iii) recent observable market trades for similar loans, adjusted for credit risk and other individual loan characteristics.

For acquired residential mortgage loans measured at fair value, New Residential reports the change in the fair value within Change in Fair Value of Investments in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Fair value is generally determined by discounting the expected future cash flows using inputs such as default rates, prepayment speeds and discount rates.

For loans measured at the lower of cost or fair value, the Company accounts for any excess of cost over fair value as a valuation allowance and include changes in the valuation allowance in Valuation and Credit Loss Provision (Reversal) on Loans and Real Estate Owned in the Consolidated Statements of Income in the period in which the change occurs. Purchase price discounts or premiums are deferred in a contra loan account until the related loan is sold. The deferred discounts or premiums are an adjustment to the basis of the loan and are included in the quarterly determination of the lower of cost or fair value adjustments and/or the gain or loss recognized at the time of sale.

Interest earned on residential mortgage loans is reported in Interest Income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

New Residential elected to apply the fair value option for all consumer loans. The fair value option provides an election which allows a company to irrevocably elect fair value for certain financial asset and liabilities on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The Company elected the fair value option for these loans to better align reported results with the underlying economic changes in value of the loans on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Unrealized gains (losses) from the change in fair value of consumer loans are recognized in Change in Fair Value of Investments in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Realized gains (losses) are recorded in Gain on Settlement of Investments, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Interest income is recognized over the life of the loan using the effective interest method and is recorded on the accrual basis.

The Company’s residential mortgage loans and consumer loans are carried at fair value or the lower of cost or fair value. As a result, these loans are not subject to an allowance for credit losses under the CECL impairment model.

A loan is determined to be past due when a monthly payment is due and unpaid for 30 days or more. Loans, other than PCD loans, are placed on nonaccrual status and considered non-performing when full payment of principal and interest is in doubt, which generally occurs when principal or interest is 120 days or more past due unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Loans held-for-sale are subject to the nonaccrual policy. A loan may be returned to accrual status when repayment is reasonably assured and there has been demonstrated performance under the terms of the loan or, if applicable, the terms of the restructured loan. New Residential’s ability to recognize interest income on nonaccrual loans as cash interest payments are received rather than as a reduction of the carrying value of the loans is based on the recorded loan balance being deemed fully collectible.

Single-Family Rental (“SFR”) Properties, Net

Purchases of SFR properties are accounted for as asset acquisitions and recorded at their purchase price, which is allocated between land, building and improvements, and in-place lease intangibles (when a resident is in place at the acquisition date) based upon their relative fair values at the date of acquisition. The purchase price for purposes of this allocation is inclusive of acquisition costs which typically include legal fees, title fees, payments made to cure tax, utility, HOA, as well as other closing costs. SFR Properties, Net is grouped and presented as part of Other Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

SFR properties are classified as held for investment and carried at cost less accumulated depreciation expense and impairment. From time to time, the Company may identify SFR properties to be sold. If the Company identifies a property to be sold, depreciation on the property is ceased, the property is measured at the lower of its carrying amount or its fair value less estimated costs to sell, and is presented separately from SFR properties classified as held for investment.

Costs to acquire, renovate, and prepare SFR properties to be leased are capitalized as a component of each residential rental real estate property using specific identification and relative allocation methodologies, including renovation costs and other costs associated with activities that are directly related to preparing the properties for use as rental real estate. Other costs include interest costs, property taxes, property insurance, utilities, and HOA fees. The capitalization period associated with renovation activities begins at the time that such activities commence and conclude at the time that an SFR property is available to be leased. Once a property is ready for its intended use, expenditures for ordinary maintenance and repairs thereafter are expensed to operations as incurred, while expenditures that improve or extend the life of a property, such as certain furniture and fixtures additions, are capitalized. The determination of which costs to capitalize requires judgment and can involve many factors with no one factor necessarily determinative. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance recognized immediately are included in General and Administrative expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income.

Except for land, costs capitalized in connection with SFR property acquisitions are depreciated over their estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis. The depreciation period commences upon the completion of renovation-related activities or upon the completion of improvements made on an ongoing basis. For those costs capitalized in connection with residential property acquisitions and renovation activities and those capitalized on an ongoing basis, the average useful life is approximately 15 years.

SFR properties are continuously monitored to assess whether there have been any events or changes in circumstances indicating that the carrying amount may be impaired and not recoverable. Significant indicators of impairment may include, but are not limited to, declines in home values, rental rates and occupancy percentages, as well as significant changes in the economy. To the extent an event or change in circumstance is identified, an SFR property is considered to be impaired only if its carrying value cannot be recovered through estimated future undiscounted cash flows from the use and eventual disposition of the property. To the extent an impairment has occurred, the carrying amount is adjusted to its estimated fair value. Impairment charges are included in Other Income (Loss) in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income.

Under ASC 842, Leases, an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses is not permitted. Rather, when collectability is not deemed probable, the Company writes-off the tenant’s receivables and limits lease income to cash received.

Revenues associated with SFR properties consist of rents collected under lease agreements, net of any concessions and bad debt (including write-offs, credit reserves, and uncollectible amounts) and other income, including tenant reimbursements for utilities and other charge-backs such as late fees and non-refundable deposits. Leases typically have a term of one to two years. Rental revenues are included in Other Income in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income.

All of the Company’s SFR properties are managed by an external property manager.

Mortgage Loans Receivable

New Residential, through its wholly owned subsidiary Genesis, originates and manages a portfolio of primarily short-term mortgage loans to fund the construction and development of, or investment in, residential properties.

New Residential elected to apply the fair value option for all mortgage loans receivable. The fair value option provides an election which allows a company to irrevocably elect fair value for certain financial asset and liabilities on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The Company elected the fair value option for these loans to better align reported results with the underlying economic changes in value of the loans on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Furthermore, as a result of the election to apply the fair value option, these loans are not subject to an allowance for credit losses under the CECL impairment model. New Residential reports the change in the fair value within Change in Fair Value of Investments in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Fair value is generally determined by discounting the expected future cash flows using inputs such as default rates, prepayment speeds and discount rates.

Mortgage loans receivable are presented net of construction holdbacks and interest reserves on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The construction holdback represents amounts withheld from the funding of construction loans and released as the project progresses. The interest reserve represents amounts withheld from the funding of certain mortgage loans in order to satisfy monthly interest payments for all or part of the term of the related loan. Accrued interest is paid out of the interest reserve and recognized as interest income on a monthly basis.

Mortgage loans receivable can be placed in contractual default status for (i) an interest payment is more than 30 days past due or sooner, if collection is considered doubtful, (ii) a loan matures and the borrower fails to make payment of all amounts owed or extend the loan, or (iii) the collateral becomes impaired in such a way that the ultimate collection of the loan receivable is doubtful. The accrual of interest income is suspended when a loan is in contractual default unless the interest is paid in cash or collectability of all amounts due is reasonably assured. In addition, in certain instances, where the interest reserve on a current loan has been fully depleted and the interest payment is not expected to be collected from the borrower, the Company may place a current loan on non-accrual status and recognize interest income on a cash basis. Interest previously accrued may be reversed at that time, and such reversal is offset against interest income. The accrual of interest income resumes only when the suspended loan becomes contractually current or a credit analysis supports the ability to collect in accordance with the terms of the loan.

In addition to interest income, the Company generates loan fee income, including loan origination fees, loan renewal fees and inspection fees. The majority of fee income is composed of loan origination fees, or “points,” with interest rates based on the total commitment at origination. In addition to origination fees, the Company earns loan extension fees when maturing loans are renewed or extended and amendment fees when loan terms are modified, such as increases in interest reserves and construction holdbacks. Loans are generally only renewed or extended if the loan is not in default and satisfies the Company’s underwriting criteria. Loan fee income is recognized as interest income at origination or amendment given the Company’s election of the fair value option.

Both interest and loan fee income earned on mortgage loans is reported in Interest Income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Residential Mortgage Loan Repurchases

The Mortgage Company, as approved issuer of Ginnie Mae MBS, originate and securitize government-insured residential mortgage loans. As issuer of Ginnie Mae-guaranteed securitizations, the Mortgage Company has the unilateral right to repurchase loans from the securitizations when they are delinquent for more than 90 days. Loans in forbearance that are three or more consecutive payments delinquent are included as delinquent loans permitted to be repurchased. Under GAAP, the Mortgage Company is required to recognize the right to loans on its balance sheet and establish a corresponding liability upon the triggering of the repurchase right regardless of whether the Mortgage Company intends to repurchase the loans. Upon recognizing loans eligible for repurchase, the Company does not change the accounting for MSRs related to previously sold loans. Upon reacquisition of a loan the MSR is written off.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

New Residential considers all highly liquid short-term investments with maturities of 90 days or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Substantially all amounts on deposit with major financial institutions exceed insured limits.

Servicer Advances Receivable

Represents servicer advances due to New Residential’s servicer subsidiary, NRM (Note 6). The servicer advances receivable purchased in conjunction with MSRs are recorded with purchase discounts. Subsequent advances are recorded at cost, subject to impairment. Any related purchase discounts are accreted into Servicing Revenue, Net on a straight-line basis over the estimated weighted average life of the advances.

Real estate owned (REO)

REO assets are those individual properties acquired by New Residential or where New Residential receives the property in satisfaction of a debt (e.g., by taking legal title or physical possession). New Residential measures REO assets at the lower of cost or fair value, with valuation changes recorded in Other Income or Valuation and Credit Loss Provision (Reversal) on Loans and Real Estate Owned in the Consolidated Statements of Income. REO assets are managed for prompt sale and disposition at the best possible economic value.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

New Residential qualitatively assesses its goodwill assigned to each of its reporting units during the fourth quarter of each year. This qualitative assessment evaluates various events and circumstances, such as macro-economic conditions, industry and market conditions, cost factors, relevant events and financial trends, that may impact a reporting unit's fair value. Using this qualitative assessment, the Company determines whether it is more-likely-than-not the reporting unit's fair value exceeds its carrying value. If it is determined that it is not more-likely-than-not the reporting unit's fair value exceeds the carrying value, or upon consideration of other factors, including recent acquisition, restructuring or divestiture activity, the Company performs a quantitative, “step one,” goodwill impairment analysis. In addition, the Company may test goodwill in between annual test dates if an event occurs or circumstances change that could more-likely-than-not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. New Residential did not recognize any impairment for the year ended December 31, 2021.As a result of the various acquisitions (see Note 3), New Residential identified intangible assets in the form of licenses, customer relationships, business relationships, and trade names. New Residential recorded the intangible assets at fair value at the acquisition date and amortizes the value of finite-lived intangibles into expense over the expected useful life. Amortization of acquired intangible assets is included in General and Administrative expenses in New Residential’s Consolidated Statements of Income. If impairment events occur, they could accelerate the timing of acquired intangible asset charges. Licenses and certain trade names acquired are deemed to have an indefinite useful life and are evaluated for impairment annual during the fourth quarter and in interim periods if indicators of impairment exist.

Leases

New Residential determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent obligations to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the net present value of lease payments over the lease term. The majority of New Residential’s lease agreements do not provide an implicit rate. As a result, New Residential used an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available as of the lease commencement dates in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset reflects any upfront lease payments made as well as lease incentives received. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease and these are factored into the determination of the ROU asset and lease liability at lease inception when and if it is reasonably certain that New Residential will exercise that option. Lease expense for fixed lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

New Residential has certain lease agreements with nonlease components such as maintenance and executory costs, which are accounted for separately and not included in ROU assets.

ROU assets are tested for impairment whenever changes in facts or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Modification of a lease term would result in re-measurement of the lease liability and a corresponding adjustment to the ROU asset.

Secured Financing Agreements and Secured Notes and Bonds Payable

The Company finances the acquisition of certain assets within its investment portfolio using secured financing agreements, including repurchase agreements and warehouse credit facilities. Repurchase agreements and warehouse credit facilities are treated as collateralized financing transactions and carried at their contractual amounts, including accrued interest, as specified in the respective agreements. The carrying amount of the Company’s secured financing agreements and warehouse credit facilities approximates fair value. The Company pledges certain securities, loans or other assets as collateral under secured financing agreements and warehouse credit facilities with financial institutions, the terms and conditions of which are negotiated on a transaction-by-transaction basis. The amounts available to be borrowed under repurchase agreements and warehouse credit facilities are dependent upon the fair value of the securities, or loans pledged as collateral, which can fluctuate with changes in interest rates, type of security and liquidity conditions within the banking, mortgage finance and real estate industries.

Residential Mortgage Origination Reserves

The Mortgage Company originates conventional, government-insured and nonconforming residential mortgage loans for sale and securitization. In connection with the transfer of loans to the GSEs or mortgage investors, the Mortgage Company provides representations and warranties regarding certain attributes of the loans and, subsequent to the sale, if it is determined that a sold loan is in breach of these representations and warranties, the Mortgage Company generally has an obligation to cure the breach. If the Mortgage Company is unable to cure the breach, the purchaser may require the Mortgage Company to repurchase the loan. New Residential records a reserve for sales recourse at the time of sale to cover all potential recourse obligations based on the outstanding balance of residential mortgage loans subject to recourse as well as historical and estimated future loss rates. New Residential evaluates the ongoing adequacy of the reserve based on actual experience and changing circumstances, making adjustments to the reserve as deemed necessary.

Interest Expense

New Residential finances certain investments using floating rate secured financing agreements and loans. Interest is expensed as incurred. See Note 13 for additional information.

Management Fee and Incentive Compensation to Affiliate

These represent amounts due to the Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement.

Offering Costs

The Company has incurred offering costs in connection with common stock offerings, registration statements, preferred stock offerings and exchanges. Where applicable, the offering costs were paid out of the proceeds of the respective offerings. Offering costs in connection with common stock offerings and costs in connection with registration statements have been accounted for as a reduction of additional paid-in capital. Offering costs in connection with preferred stock offerings have been accounted for as a reduction of their respective gross proceeds. Exchange costs in connection with the Company's preferred stock exchanges have been accounted for as a reduction to the Company's retained earnings.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

In accordance with the provisions of ASC 260, Earnings Per Share, New Residential calculates basic income (loss) per share by dividing net income (loss) available to common stockholders for the period by weighted average shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding for that period. Diluted income per share takes into account the effect of dilutive instruments, such as stock options and warrants but uses the average share price for the period in determining the number of incremental shares that are to be added to the weighted average number of shares outstanding. In periods in which the Company records a net loss, potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the diluted loss per share calculation, as their effect on loss per share is anti-dilutive.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances, excluding those resulting from investments by and distributions to owners. For New Residential’s purposes, comprehensive income represents net income, as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income, adjusted for unrealized gains or losses on certain securities classified as available for sale.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The standard was issued to ease the accounting effects of reform to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and other reference rates. The standard provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to debt, derivatives, and other contracts affected by reference rate reform. While the Company currently does not have any hedge accounting relationships, many of the Company’s debt facilities and loan agreements incorporate LIBOR as the referenced rate. Some of these facilities and loan agreements either mature prior to the phase out of LIBOR or have provisions in place that provide for an alternative to LIBOR upon its phase-out. The standard is effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022 and may be elected over time as reference rate reform activities occur. In preparation for the phase-out of LIBOR, the Company has adopted and implemented the SOFR index for our Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae adjustable-rate mortgages (“ARMs”). For debt facilities that do not mature prior to the phase-out of LIBOR, the Company has begun amending terms to transition to an alternative benchmark. The Company continues to evaluate the transitional impact to serviced ARMs.In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt–Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Topic 470) and Derivatives and Hedging–Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Topic 815). The standard simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models. A convertible debt instrument will generally be reported as a single liability at its amortized cost with no separate accounting for embedded conversion features. The standard also amends the accounting for certain contracts in an entity’s own equity that are currently accounted for as derivatives because of specific settlement provisions. In addition, the new guidance eliminates the treasury stock method to calculate diluted earnings per share for convertible instruments and requires the use of the if-converted method. ASU 2020-16 is effective for New Residential beginning in the first quarter of 2022 with early adoption permitted beginning in 2021. The adoption of ASU 2020-06 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. The standard requires entities to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The update will generally result in an entity recognizing contract assets and contract liabilities at amounts consistent with those recorded by the acquiree immediately before the acquisition date rather than at fair value. The new standard is effective on a prospective basis for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2022. The adoption of the new standard did not have an impact to its operating results, financial position, or cash flows.