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Note 19 - Fair Value Measurements
12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements  
Fair Value, Measurement Inputs, Disclosure [Text Block]
Note
19:
     
Fair Value Measurements
 
Generally accepted accounting principles define fair value, establish a framework for measuring fair value, and establish a hierarchy for determining fair value measurement.
The hierarchy includes
three
levels and is based upon the valuation techniques used to measure assets and liabilities. The
three
levels are as follows:
 
Level
1:
Valuation is based on quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;
 
Level
2:
Valuation is determined from quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are
not
active or by model-based techniques in which all significant inputs are observable in the market; and
 
Level
3:
Valuation is derived from model-based techniques in which at least
one
significant input is unobservable and based on the Company’s own estimates about the assumptions that market participants would use to value the asset or liability.
 
The following is a description of the valuation methods used for instruments measured at fair value as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the applicable valuation method.
 
Fair value measurements on a recurring basis
 
Securities available for sale – If quoted prices are available in an active market for identical assets, securities are classified within Level
1
of the hierarchy. If quoted market prices are
not
available, then fair values are estimated using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or discounted cash flows. As of
March 31, 2017
and
2016,
the Bank has categorized its investment securities available for sale as follows:
 
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
         
March 31, 2017
 
inputs
   
inputs
   
inputs
   
Total
 
                                 
U.S. government agencies
 
$
-
 
 
$
3,512,303
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
3,512,303
 
Municipal bonds
 
 
-
 
 
 
14,239,526
 
 
 
1,928,313
 
 
 
16,167,839
 
Corporate bonds
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,916,522
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
1,916,522
 
Mortgage-backed securities
 
 
-
 
 
 
80,829,991
 
 
 
2,473
 
 
 
80,832,464
 
Total investment securities available for sale
 
$
-
 
 
$
100,498,342
 
 
$
1,930,786
 
 
$
102,429,128
 
 
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
         
March 31, 2016
 
inputs
   
inputs
   
inputs
   
Total
 
                                 
U.S. government agencies
  $
-
    $
10,532,996
    $
-
    $
10,532,996
 
Municipal bonds
   
-
     
4,112,564
     
-
     
4,112,564
 
Corporate bonds
   
 
     
-
     
1,898,640
     
1,898,640
 
Mortgage-backed securities
   
-
     
53,940,200
     
-
     
53,940,200
 
Total investment securities available for sale
  $
-
    $
68,585,760
    $
1,898,640
    $
70,484,400
 
 
During fiscal
2017,
several municipal bonds and mortgage-backed security were moved from Level
2
input to Level
3
input. The quantitative unobservable input for these bonds was obtained based upon pricing from an independent
third
party. The securities were moved to Level
3
input because there was
no
active market for these securities to obtain a fair value. Conversely, in fiscal
2017
a corporate bond was moved from Level
3
input to Level
2
input as additional market data and inputs became available
.
 
Derivative – Interest rate swap agreement -
Our methodology consists of a discounted cash flow model where all future floating cash flows are projected and both floating and fixed cash flows are discounted to the valuation date. The curve utilized for discounting and projecting is built by obtaining publicly available
third
party market quotes. As of
March 31, 2017,
the bank has categorized its interest rate swap and related loan as follows:
 
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
         
March 31, 2017
 
inputs
   
inputs
   
inputs
   
Total
 
                                 
Loans - Commercial real estate loan
  $
-
    $
3,201,691
    $
-
    $
3,201,691
 
Derivative - Interest rate swap designated as fair value hedge
   
-
     
(26,647
)    
-
     
(26,647
)
Derivatives - Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedge
   
-
     
(83,634
)    
-
     
(83,634
)
 
 
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
         
March 31, 2016
 
inputs
   
inputs
   
inputs
   
Total
 
                                 
Loans - Commercial real estate loan
  $
-
    $
3,462,417
    $
-
    $
3,462,417
 
Derivative - Interest rate swap designated as fair value hedge
   
-
     
(207,511
)    
-
     
(207,511
)
  
The following table presents the valuation and unobservable inputs for Level
3
assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis at
December 31, 2017:
 
         
Valuation
 
Unobservable
 
Range of
 
Description
 
Fair Value
  Methodology  
Inputs
 
Inputs
 
                           
Investment securities
  $
1,930,786
 
3rd party valuation
 
Discount to reflect current market conditions
   
0.00%
-
10.00%
 
 
 
The following table presents a reconciliation of the investments which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level
3
) for the periods presented:
 
   
March 31, 2017
   
March 31, 2016
 
Balance, beginning of year
  $
1,898,640
    $
-
 
                 
Transfers in:
               
Municipal bonds
   
1,928,313
     
-
 
Mortgage-backed securities
   
2,473
     
-
 
Corporate bonds
   
-
     
1,898,640
 
                 
Transfers out:
               
Corporate bonds
   
1,898,640
     
-
 
                 
Balance, end of year
  $
1,930,786
    $
1,898,640
 
 
Fair value measurements on a nonrecurring basis
 
Impaired Loans - The Bank has measured impairment generally based on the fair value of the loan's collateral. Fair value is generally determined based upon independent appraisals of the properties, or discounted cash flows based upon the expected proceeds. These assets are included as Level
3
fair values. At
March 31, 2017
and
2016,
the fair values consist of loan balances of
$5,657,048
and
$7,438,106
that have been written down by
$285,359
and
$59,571,
respectively, as a result of specific loan loss allowances.
 
Foreclosed real estate – The Bank's foreclosed real estate is measured at the lower of carrying value or fair value less estimated cost to sell. At
March 31, 2017
and
2016,
the fair value of foreclosed real estate was estimated to be
$503,094
and
$443,015,
respectively. Fair value was determined based on offers and/or appraisals. Cost to sell the assets was based on standard market factors. The Company has categorized its foreclosed assets as Level
3.
 
Premises and equipment held for sale – The Bank’s premises and equipment held for sale is measured at the fair value less estimated cost to sell. The assets in fiscal
2017
and
2016
were acquired in the acquisition of Fraternity and Fairmount, respectively. As of
March 31, 2017
and
2016,
the fair value of premises and equipment held for sale was estimated to be
$547,884
and
$405,000
accordingly. Fair value was determined based upon appraisals and the cost to sell these assets was determined using standard market factors. The Company has categorized its premises and equipment held for sale as Level
3.
 
Loans held for sale – The Bank’s loans held for sale are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or estimated fair value less costs to sell in the secondary market. Fair value of loans held for sale is based upon outstanding investor commitments or, in the absence of such commitments, based on current investor yield requirements or
third
party pricing models and are considered Level
2.
 
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
         
March 31, 2017
 
inputs
   
inputs
   
inputs
   
Total
 
                                 
Impaired loans
 
$
-
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
5,371,689
 
 
$
5,371,689
 
Foreclosed real estate
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
503,094
 
 
 
503,094
 
Premises and equipment held for sale
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
547,884
 
 
 
547,884
 
Loans held for sale
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
         
March 31, 2016
 
inputs
   
inputs
   
inputs
   
Total
 
                                 
Impaired loans
  $
-
    $
-
    $
7,378,535
    $
7,378,535
 
Foreclosed real estate
   
-
     
-
     
443,015
     
443,015
 
Premises and equipment held for sale
   
-
     
-
     
405,000
     
405,000
 
Loans held for sale
   
-
     
266,176
     
-
     
266,176
 
 
 
The following table presents the valuation and unobservable inputs for Level
3
assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at
March 31, 2017:
 
         
Valuation
 
Unobservable
 
Range of
 
Description
 
Fair Value
 
Methodology
 
Inputs
 
Inputs
 
                           
Impaired loans, net of allowance
  $
5,371,689
 
Appraised value
 
Discount to reflect current market conditions
   
0.00%
-
25.00%
 
     
 
 
Discounted cash flows
 
Discount rates
   
2.63%
-
7.25%
 
                           
Foreclosed real estate
  $
503,094
 
Appraised value
 
Discount to reflect current market conditions
   
0.00%
-
25.00%
 
                           
Premises and equipment held for sale
  $
547,844
 
Appraised Value
 
Discount to reflect current market conditions
   
0.00%
-
10.00%
 
 
The following table summarizes changes in foreclosed real estate for the years ended
March 31, 2017
and
2016,
which is measured on a nonrecurring basis using significant unobservable, level
3,
inputs:
 
 
 
Year Ended March 31,
 
 
 
2017
 
 
2016
 
Balance, March 31, 2016
 
$
443,015
 
  $
455,575
 
Transfer to foreclosed real estate
   
126,575
     
-
 
Foreclosed real estate acquired in acquisition
 
 
-
 
   
20,000
 
Proceeds from sale of foreclosed real estate
 
 
(60,258
)
   
(31,752
)
Loss on sale of foreclosed real estate
 
 
(6,238
)
   
(808
)
Write down of foreclosed real estate
 
 
-
 
   
-
 
Balance, March 31, 2017
 
$
503,094
 
  $
443,015
 
 
The remaining financial assets and liabilities are
not
reported on the balance sheets at fair value on a recurring basis. The calculation of estimated fair values is based on market conditions at a specific point in time and
may
not
reflect current or future fair values.
 
 
 
March 31, 2017
   
March 31, 2016
 
   
Carrying
   
Fair
   
Carrying
   
Fair
 
   
amount
   
value
   
amount
   
value
 
Financial assets
                               
Level 1 inputs
                               
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
29,353,921
 
 
$
29,353,921
    $
67,448,536
    $
67,448,536
 
                                 
Level 2 inputs
                               
Loans held for sale
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
     
259,450
     
266,176
 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
 
 
2,020,200
 
 
 
2,020,200
     
1,042,500
     
1,042,500
 
Bank-owned life insurance
 
 
18,253,348
 
 
 
18,253,348
     
12,709,908
     
12,709,908
 
                                 
Level 3 inputs
                               
Certificates of deposit held as investment
 
 
499,280
 
 
 
505,641
     
3,968,229
     
3,911,474
 
Loans receivable, net of unearned income
 
 
335,678,292
 
 
 
337,183,808
     
218,604,150
     
220,671,409
 
                                 
Financial liabilities
                               
Level 3 inputs
                               
Deposits
 
 
412,855,774
 
 
 
413,148,503
     
313,993,651
     
314,095,055
 
Advance payments by borrowers for
taxes and insurance
 
 
1,868,110
 
 
 
1,868,110
     
1,079,794
     
1,079,794
 
Borrowings
 
 
36,124,899
 
 
 
36,697,631
     
14,805,237
     
15,146,307
 
 
The fair values of cash and cash equivalents and advances by borrowers for taxes and insurance are estimated to equal the carrying amount.
 
The fair value of loans held for sale is based on commitments from investors.
 
The fair values of Federal Home Loan Bank stock and bank-owned life insurance are estimated to equal carrying amounts, which are based on repurchase prices of the FHLB stock and the insurance company.
 
The fair value of fixed-rate loans is estimated to be the present value of scheduled payments discounted using interest rates currently in effect. The fair value of variable-rate loans, including loans with a demand feature, is estimated to equal the carrying amount. The valuation of loans is adjusted for estimated loan losses.
 
The fair value of certificates of deposit held as investments is estimated based on interest rates currently offered for certificates of deposit with similar remaining maturities.
 
The fair value of interest-bearing checking, savings, and money market deposit accounts is equal to the carrying amount. The fair value of fixed-maturity time deposits is estimated based on interest rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.
 
The fair value of borrowings is estimated based on interest rates currently offered for borrowings of similar remaining maturities.
 
The fair value of outstanding loan commitments and unused lines of credit are considered to be the same as the contractual amounts, and are
not
included in the table above. These commitments generate fees that approximate those currently charged to originate similar commitments.