CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Operating activities
Net income	$ 3,798	$ 3,223	$ 2,465
Adjustments to reconcile to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	921	926	954
Deferred income taxes	(154)	(182)	(128)
Pension and other postretirement benefits expense	24	15	54
Contributions to pension plans	(110)	(113)	(116)
Contributions to other postretirement benefits plans	(18)	(20)	(24)
Gain on sale of business	0	0	(24)
Changes in working capital
Accounts receivable - net	(215)	(341)	(743)
Inventory	(566)	(282)	(490)
Accounts payable	399	256	334
Accrued compensation	21	197	(16)
Accrued income and other taxes	142	61	170
Other current assets	(79)	(112)	(179)
Other current liabilities	79	72	236
Other - net	85	(76)	40
Net cash provided by operating activities	4,327	3,624	2,533
Investing activities
Capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment	(808)	(757)	(598)
Proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment	85	76	163
Cash paid for acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired	(50)	0	(610)
Proceeds from (payments for) sale of business, net of cash sold	0	(2)	31
Investments in associate companies	(70)	(68)	(42)
Return of investment from associate companies	33	9	1
Sales (purchases) of short-term investments - net	575	(1,861)	(19)
Proceeds from (payments for) settlement of currency exchange contracts not designated as hedges - net	(3)	92	(47)
Other - net	(32)	(63)	(80)
Net cash used in investing activities	(271)	(2,575)	(1,200)
Financing activities
Proceeds from borrowings	1,084	818	1,995
Payments on borrowings	(1,015)	(19)	(2,012)
Short-term debt, net	(8)	(311)	317
Cash dividends paid	(1,500)	(1,379)	(1,299)
Exercise of employee stock options	69	78	28
Repurchase of shares	(2,492)	0	(286)
Employee taxes paid from shares withheld	(70)	(49)	(60)
Other - net	(4)	(9)	(23)
Net cash used in financing activities	(3,936)	(871)	(1,340)
Effect of currency on cash	(52)	16	4
Total increase (decrease) in cash	67	194	(3)
Cash at the beginning of the period	488	294	297
Cash at the end of the period	$ 555	$ 488	$ 294