CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Operating activities
Net income	$ 3,223	$ 2,465	$ 2,146
Adjustments to reconcile to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	926	954	922
Deferred income taxes	(182)	(128)	(111)
Pension and other postretirement benefits expense	15	54	53
Contributions to pension plans	(113)	(116)	(343)
Contributions to other postretirement benefits plans	(20)	(24)	(20)
Gain on sale of business	0	(24)	(197)
Changes in working capital
Accounts receivable - net	(341)	(743)	(271)
Inventory	(282)	(490)	(629)
Accounts payable	256	334	832
Accrued compensation	197	(16)	154
Accrued income and other taxes	61	170	(317)
Other current assets	(112)	(179)	(116)
Other current liabilities	72	236	38
Other - net	(76)	40	22
Net cash provided by operating activities	3,624	2,533	2,163
Investing activities
Capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment	(757)	(598)	(575)
Cash paid for acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired	0	(610)	(4,500)
Proceeds from (payments for) sales of businesses, net of cash sold	(2)	31	3,129
Proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment	76	163	44
Investments in associate companies	(68)	(42)	(124)
Sales (purchases) of short-term investments - net	(1,861)	(19)	379
Proceeds from (payments for) settlement of currency exchange contracts not designated as hedges - net	92	(47)	(27)
Other - net	(54)	(79)	(90)
Net cash used in investing activities	(2,575)	(1,200)	(1,764)
Financing activities
Proceeds from borrowings	818	1,995	1,798
Payments on borrowings	(19)	(2,012)	(1,013)
Short-term debt, net	(311)	317	20
Cash dividends paid	(1,379)	(1,299)	(1,219)
Exercise of employee stock options	78	28	63
Repurchase of shares	0	(286)	(122)
Employee taxes paid from shares withheld	(49)	(60)	(47)
Other - net	(9)	(23)	(15)
Net cash used in financing activities	(871)	(1,340)	(535)
Effect of currency on cash	16	4	(5)
Total increase (decrease) in cash	194	(3)	(141)
Cash at the beginning of the period	294	297	438
Cash at the end of the period	$ 488	$ 294	$ 297