Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2016

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income (loss) before income taxes

	Income (loss) before income taxes
	2016			2015			2014
Ireland	$	(923	)	$	(608	)	$	(332	)
Foreign	3,050			2,753			2,093
Total income before income taxes	$	2,127		$	2,145		$	1,761

Income tax (benefit) expense

	Income tax expense (benefit)
	2016			2015			2014
Current
Ireland	$	2		$	8		$	(13	)
United States
Federal	95			88			87
State and local	(2		)	22			41
Foreign - other	209			240			239
Total current income tax expense	304			358			354
Deferred
Ireland	2			1			2
United States
Federal	(72		)	(65		)	(224		)
State and local	(2		)	(6		)	(49		)
Foreign - other	(30		)	(124		)	(125		)
Total deferred income tax benefit	(102		)	(194		)	(396		)
Total income tax expense (benefit)	$	202		$	164		$	(42	)

Reconciliations of income taxes from the appropriate statutory rate

Reconciliations of income taxes from the Ireland national statutory rate of 25% to the consolidated effective income tax rate follow:

	2016		2015		2014
Income taxes at the applicable statutory rate	25.0	%	25.0	%	25.0	%
Ireland operations
Ireland tax on trading income	(0.3	)%	(0.4	)%	(0.1	)%
Nondeductible interest expense	11.5	%	7.9	%	4.8	%
United States operations
United States (loss) income	0.2	%	(0.4	)%	(2.8	)%
Nondeductible goodwill - Aerospace divestitures	—	%	—	%	1.4	%
Credit for research activities	(0.8	)%	(0.8	)%	(1.0	)%
Other - net	2.5	%	5.4	%	1.5	%
Other foreign operations
United States foreign tax credit	0.6	%	(0.8	)%	(1.1	)%
Other foreign operations (earnings taxed at other than    the applicable statutory tax rate)	(26.8	)%	(25.1	)%	(24.8	)%
Other foreign operations - other items	0.9	%	(0.5	)%	(1.0	)%
Worldwide operations
Adjustments to tax liabilities	(2.5	)%	(1.4	)%	(1.7	)%
Adjustments to valuation allowances	(0.8	)%	(1.2	)%	(2.6	)%
Effective income tax expense (benefit) rate	9.5	%	7.7	%	(2.4	)%

Worldwide income tax payments

Worldwide income tax payments, net of tax refunds, follow:

2016	$	272
2015	302
2014	258

Components of current and long-term deferred income taxes

Components of current and noncurrent deferred income taxes follow:

	2016			2015
	Noncurrent assets and liabilities			Noncurrent assets and liabilities
Accruals and other adjustments
Employee benefits	$	761		$	808
Depreciation and amortization	(1,823		)	(1,824		)
Other accruals and adjustments	796			717
United States federal income tax loss carryforwards	51			20
United States federal income tax credit carryforwards	182			183
United States state and local tax loss carryforwards and    tax credit carryforwards	63			63
Other foreign tax loss carryforwards	1,715			2,265
Other foreign income tax credit carryforwards	63			70
Valuation allowance for income tax loss and income tax    credit carryforwards	(1,728		)	(2,315		)
Other valuation allowances	(41		)	(15		)
Total deferred income taxes	$	39		$	(28	)

United States state and local tax loss carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards and expiration dates

summarized below:

	2017 through 2021		2022 through 2026		2027 through 2031		2032 through 2036		2037 through 2041		Not subject to expiration		Valuation allowance
United States federal income tax loss carryforwards	$	—	$	15	$	20	$	618	$	—	$	—	$	—
United States federal deferred income tax assets for income tax loss carryforwards	—		5		7		172		—		—		(12		)
United States federal deferred income tax assets for income tax loss carryforwards after ASU 2013-11	—		5		7		39		—		—		(12		)
United States federal income tax credit carryforwards	62		36		39		115		—		29		(44		)
United States federal income tax credit carryforwards after ASU 2013-11	62		36		8		76		—		—		(44		)

Non-United States subsidiaries tax loss carryforwards and income tax credit carryforwards and expiration dates

These carryforwards and their respective expiration dates are summarized below:

	2017 through 2021		2022 through 2026		2027 through 2031		2032 through 2036		Not subject to expiration		Valuation allowance
Ireland and Non-U.S. income tax loss carryforwards	$	652	$	7,476	$	3	$	—	$	3,685	$	—
Ireland and Non-U.S. deferred income tax assets for income tax loss carryforwards	76		688		1		—		950		(1,607		)
Ireland and Non-U.S. income tax credit carryforwards	10		21		2		—		30		(31		)

Summary of gross unrecognized income tax benefits

A summary of gross unrecognized income tax benefits follows:

	2016			2015			2014
Balance at January 1	$	584		$	493		$	479
Increases and decreases as a result of positions taken during prior years
Transfers from valuation allowances	—			—			(3		)
Other increases, including currency translation	21			34			37
Other decreases, including currency translation	(24		)	(34		)	(3		)
Balances related to acquired businesses	—			(1		)	(3		)
Increases as a result of positions taken during the current year	90			109			65
Decreases relating to settlements with tax authorities	(19		)	—			(51		)
Decreases as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations	(23		)	(17		)	(28		)
Balance at December 31	$	629		$	584		$	493

Deferred Tax Assets Income Tax Loss Carryforwards And Income Tax Credit Carryforwards State And Local [Table Text Block]

are summarized below:

	2017 through 2021		2022 through 2026		2027 through 2031		2032 through 2036		2037 through 2041		Not subject to expiration		Valuation allowance
United States state and local deferred income tax assets for income tax loss carryforwards - net of federal tax effect	$	8	$	17	$	11	$	8	$	—	$	—	$	(17	)
United States state and local deferred income tax assets for income tax loss carryforwards - net of federal tax effect after ASU 2013-11	—		12		11		8		—		—		(17		)
United States state and local income tax credit carryforwards - net of federal tax effect	11		11		7		4		5		—		(17		)
United States state and local income tax credit carryforwards - net of federal tax effect after ASU 2013-11	8		11		6		2		5		—		(17		)