RECENT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

9 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

RECENT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

RECENT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

NOTE 2- RECENT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Recent adopted accounting standards

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-Financial Instruments- Credit Losses, which replaces the incurred impairment methodology to reflect expected credit losses. The amendments requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting due to the performed based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable supportable forecasts. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 31, 2022. The Company adopted the standard on October 31, 2023. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016–10 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing. The amendments in this Update do not change the core principle of the guidance in Topic 606. Rather, the amendments in this Update clarify the following two aspects of Topic 606: identifying performance obligations and the licensing implementation guidance, while retaining the related principles for those areas. Topic 606 includes implementation guidance on (a) contracts with customers to transfer goods and services in exchange for consideration and (b) determining whether an entity’s promise to grant a license provides a customer with either a right to use the entity’s intellectual property (which is satisfied at a point in time) or a right to access the entity’s intellectual property (which is satisfied over time). The amendments are intended to render more detailed implementation guidance with the expectation to reduce the degree of judgement necessary to comply with Topic 606.

ASC Topic 606 prescribes a new five-step model entities should follow in order to recognize revenue in accordance with the core principle. These five steps are:

1.	Identify the contract(s) with a customer.
2.	Identify the performance obligations in the contract.
3.	Determine the transaction price.
4.	Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract.
5.	Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfied the performance obligations.

Effective November 1, 2018, the Company implemented the transition using the modified retrospective method of transition. Under this method, the determination date of open contracts which could affect any adjustments was November 1, 2018. The open contracts at the time period are the unfulfilled portions of the maintenance contracts.

The Company has four revenue streams, each of which the revenue is recognized in accordance to the five steps included in Topic 606. The revenue streams are:

1.	Sale of software direct to the end customer
2.	Sale of software through distributors and channel partners
3.	Maintenance support services
4.	Cloud services

Revenue for the sale of software both directly to end users and through the distributor and channel partners is recognized upon delivery of the software and code required for the customer to install the software. Maintenance support services are recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the service period of the arrangement.

Revenue from cloud services is recognized over time (typically, on a monthly basis) as service is provided. 

Payments received in advance of services being rendered are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized to revenue when earned. During the nine months period ended July 31, 2024, $247,356 of sales was classified as deferred revenue and $194,201 of deferred revenue was reported in sales. As of July 31, 2024 and October 31, 2023, the deferred revenue was $307,262 and $360,170, respectively.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable are carried at face value less any provisions for uncollectible accounts considered necessary. Accounts receivable include receivables from customers that have received software and support from the Company. Bad debt expense is a recognition of uncollectable receivables based on past years’ experience and management’s estimate of likely losses for the period. No allowance for bad debt was considered necessary for the nine months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.