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DIRECT COMMERCIAL PROPERTY EXPENSE (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Direct operating expense from investment property [abstract]  
Disclosure of detailed information about direct commercial property expense
The components of direct commercial property expense are as follows:

(US$ Millions) Years ended Dec. 31,
2019

2018

2017

Property maintenance
$
749

$
773

$
709

Real estate taxes
619

528

472

Employee compensation and benefits
170

196

148

Ground rents(1)

59

56

Lease expense(2)
16



Other
413

295

232

Total direct commercial property expense
$
1,967

$
1,851

$
1,617


(1) 
The partnership adopted IFRS 16 in 2019 using the modified retrospective method. The comparative information has not been restated and is reported under the accounting standards effective for those periods.
(2) 
For the year ended December 31, 2019, operating expenses relating to variable lease payments not included in the measurement of the lease liability was $16 million.