Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Basis Presentation [Abstract]

Interim financial statements

Interim financial statements

The unaudited interim financial statements included herein, presented in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles and stated in US dollars, have been prepared by the Company, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosure normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosure is adequate to make the information presented not misleading.

These statements reflect all adjustment, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for fair presentation of the information contained therein. It is suggested that these interim financial statements be read in conjunction with the financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2023, and notes thereto included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K filed on May 10, 2024. The Company follows the same accounting policies in the preparation of interim report. Results of operations for the interim period are not indicative of annual results.

Going Concern

Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company recorded a net loss of $617,404 for the six months ended June 30, 2024, and had an accumulated deficit of $18,479,357, which raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern.

The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to generate profitable operations in the future and/or obtain the necessary financing to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business operations when they come due. Management has plans to seek additional capital through some private placement offerings of debt and equity securities. These plans, if successful, will mitigate the factors which raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from this uncertainty.

Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries which include Optron, Overhoff Technology Corporation (“Overhoff”), and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Electronic Control Concepts (“ECC”), have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. It is possible that accounting estimates and assumptions may be material to the Company due to the levels of subjectivity and judgment involved.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and cash in time deposits, certificates of deposit and all highly liquid debt instruments with original maturities of three months or less. There were no cash equivalents as of June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023.

Concentration of credit risk

Concentration of credit risk

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist of cash and cash equivalents. The Company places its cash with high quality financial institutions and at times may exceed the FDIC insurance limit. The Company has not and does not anticipate incurring any losses related to this credit risk.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable

The Company maintains reserves for potential credit losses for accounts receivable. Management reviews the composition of accounts receivable and analyses historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer credit worthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment patterns to evaluate the adequacy of these reserves. Reserves are recorded based on the Company’s historical collection history. Allowance for doubtful accounts as of June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, were $6,590 and $6,590, respectively.

Inventories

Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (determined primarily by the average cost method) or net realizable value. Management compares the cost of inventories with the net realizable value and allowance is made for writing down their inventories to net realizable value, if lower. As of June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, there was $37,351 and $37,351, respectively, in allowance for slow moving or obsolete inventory. The Company periodically assessed its inventory for slow moving and/or obsolete items. If any are identified an appropriate allowance for those items is made and/or the items are deemed to be impaired.

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment are stated at cost. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to earnings as incurred; additions, renewals and betterments are capitalized. When equipment is retired or otherwise disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss is included in operations. Depreciation of equipment is provided using the straight-line method for substantially all assets with estimated lives as follows:

Furniture and fixtures	5 years
Leasehold improvement	Lesser of lease life or economic life
Equipment	5 years
Computers and software	5 years

Long-Lived Assets

Long-Lived Assets

The Company applies the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment, which addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. ASC 360 requires impairment losses to be recorded on long-lived assets used in operations when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets’ carrying amounts. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the long-lived assets. Loss on long-lived assets to be disposed of is determined in a similar manner, except that fair values are reduced for the cost of disposal. Based on its review at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company believes there was no impairment of its long-lived assets.

Goodwill

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the underlying net assets of businesses acquired. The entire goodwill balance in the accompanying financial statements resulted from the Company’s acquisition of Overhoff Technology Corporation in 2006. The Company complies with ASC 350, Goodwill and Other Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets, requiring that a test for impairment be performed at least annually. As of December 31, 2023, the Company performed the required impairment analysis which resulted in no impairment adjustments. Significant estimates used in the goodwill impairment analysis may change in the upcoming year if revenues do not rebound and the cost of materials continues to increase.

Derivative Financial Instruments

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company evaluates all of its agreements to determine if such instruments have derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. For stock-based derivative financial instruments, the Company uses a weighted-average Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model to value the derivative instruments at inception and on subsequent valuation dates. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative instrument liabilities are classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date. As of June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, there are no derivative liabilities associated with our convertible notes payable.

Investments

Investments

The Company accounts for investments in equity securities without a readily determinable fair value at cost, minus impairment. If the Company identifies observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer, the Company measures the equity security at fair value as of the date that the observable transaction occurred (“the measurement alternative”) in accordance with ASC 321. The Company accounts for investments for which it owns 20% or more, but less than 50% on the equity method in accordance with ASC 323.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

For certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, customer deposits, and line of credit, the carrying amounts approximate their fair values due to their short maturities. In addition, the Company has a note payable to a shareholder that the carrying amount also approximates fair value.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”), became effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. The Company’s revenue recognition disclosure reflects its updated accounting policies that are affected by this new standard. The Company applied the “modified retrospective” transition method for open contracts for the implementation of Topic 606. As   sales are and have been primarily from the sale of products to customers, and the Company has no significant post-delivery obligations, this new standard did not   result in a material recognition of revenue on the Company’s accompanying consolidated financial statements for the cumulative impact of applying this new standard. The Company made no adjustments to its previously reported total revenues, as those periods continue to be presented in accordance with its historical accounting practices under Topic 605, Revenue Recognition.

Revenues from product sales are recognized under Topic 606 in a manner that reasonably reflects the delivery of its products to customers in return for expected consideration and includes the following elements:

● executed contracts with the Company’s customers that it believes are legally enforceable;

● identification of performance obligations in the respective contract;

● determination of the transaction price for each performance obligation in the respective contract;

● allocation the transaction price to each performance obligation; and

● recognition of revenue only when the Company satisfies each performance obligation.

These five elements, as applied to each of the Company’s revenue category, is summarized below:

● Product sales - revenue is recognized when the Company performs its obligations under the contracts it has with its customers to deliver products at an agreed upon price and it is generally when the control of the product has been transferred to the customer.

Payments received before all of the relevant criteria for revenue recognition are satisfied are recorded as customer deposits.

Sales returns and allowances was $0 for the six months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023. The Company provides a one-year warranty on all sales. Warranty expense for the six months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023 was insignificant. The Company does not provide unconditional right of return, price protection or any other concessions to its customers.

See Notes 12 and 13 for disclosures of revenue disaggregated by geographical area and product line.

Customer Deposits

Customer Deposits

Customer deposits represent cash paid to the Company by customers before the product has been completed and shipped.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes. ASC 740 requires a company to use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences, and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion, or all of, the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.

Under ASC 740, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. The adoption had no effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation.” FASB ASC Topic 718 requires companies to measure compensation cost for stock-based employee compensation at fair value at the grant date and recognize the expense over the employee’s requisite service period. The Company recognizes in the statement of operations the grant-date fair value of stock options and other equity-based compensation issued to employees and non-employees.

Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share is calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 260, Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted EPS assumes that all dilutive convertible shares and stock warrants were converted or exercised. Dilution is computed by applying the treasury stock method. Under this method, options and warrants are assumed to be exercised at the beginning of the period (or at the time of issuance, if later), and as if funds obtained thereby were used to purchase common stock at the average market price during the period. As of June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, there were 1,000,000 and 1,000,000 warrants outstanding, respectively, to purchase shares of common stock. The equivalent number of shares to satisfy our convertible debt and warrants at June 30, 2024 is 18,136,162. Basic and diluted earnings per share are the same during the six months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023 due to the net loss incurred.

Segment Reporting

Segment Reporting

FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, requires use of the “management approach” model for segment reporting. The management approach model is based on the way a company’s management organizes segments within the company for making operating decisions and assessing performance. The Company determined it has two reportable segments. See Note 12.

Related Parties

Related Parties

The Company accounts for related party transactions in accordance with ASC 850, Related Party Disclosures. A party is considered to be related to the Company if the party directly or indirectly or through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. A party which can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the transacting parties or if it has an ownership interest in one of the transacting parties and can significantly influence the other to an extent that one or more of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests is also a related party.

Reclassifications

Reclassifications

Certain prior period amounts were reclassified to conform to the manner of presentation in the current period. These reclassifications had no effect on the net loss or stockholders’ equity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 was issued to improve financial reporting by requiring earlier recognition of credit losses on financing receivables and other financial assets in scope. The new standard represents significant changes to accounting for credit losses. Full lifetime expected credit losses will be recognized upon initial recognition of an asset in scope. The current incurred loss impairment model that recognizes losses when a probable threshold is met will be replaced with the expected credit loss impairment method without recognition threshold. The expected credit losses estimate will be based upon historical information, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. This ASU as amended by ASU 2019-10, is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company has determined that this ASU does not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes which amends ASC 740 Income Taxes (ASC 740). This update is intended to simplify accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in ASC 740 and amending existing guidance to improve consistent application of ASC 740. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. The guidance in this update has various elements, some of which are applied on a prospective basis and others on a retrospective basis with earlier application permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of this ASU on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance (ASC 2020-06), which simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity, including convertible instruments and contracts in an entity’s own equity. Among other changes, the guidance removes the liability and equity separation models for convertible instruments. Instead, entities will account for convertible debt instruments wholly as debt unless convertible instruments contain features that require bifurcation as a derivative or that result in substantial premiums accounted for as paid-in capital. The guidance also requires the application of the if-converted method to calculate the impact of convertible instruments on diluted earnings per share. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and can be adopted on either a retrospective or modified retrospective basis. We adopted this guidance on January 1, 2024, using the modified retrospective approach whereby amounts previously reported have not been revised. Upon adoption we recognized a decrease to additional paid-in capital of $751,809, an increase to long-term debt of $47,078, and a cumulative-effect adjustment to accumulated deficit of $704,731.