0000894189-18-006364.txt : 20181123 0000894189-18-006364.hdr.sgml : 20181123 20181123093827 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000894189-18-006364 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 497 PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 17 FILED AS OF DATE: 20181123 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20181123 EFFECTIVENESS DATE: 20181123 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: ETF Series Solutions CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001540305 IRS NUMBER: 000000000 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1112 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 497 SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-179562 FILM NUMBER: 181199285 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 615 EAST MICHIGAN ST CITY: MILWAUKEE STATE: WI ZIP: 53202 BUSINESS PHONE: 414-287-3700 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 615 EAST MICHIGAN ST CITY: MILWAUKEE STATE: WI ZIP: 53202 0001540305 S000062881 Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF C000203659 Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF GDG 0001540305 S000062882 Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF C000203660 Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF GDMA 497 1 gadsden-etfs_cxbrl.htm DEFINITIVE MATERIALS FOR XBRL

 
Filed Pursuant to Rule 497(c)
1933 Act File No. 333-179562
1940 Act File No. 811-22668

GADSDEN DYNAMIC GROWTH ETF
GADSDEN DYNAMIC MULTI-ASSET ETF


November 23, 2018


EXPLANATORY NOTE

On behalf of the Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF and Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF, each a series of ETF Series Solutions (the “Trust”), and pursuant to Rule 497(c) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the purpose of this filing is to submit an interactive data file in the manner provided by Rule 405 of Regulation S-T and General Instruction C.3.(g) of Form N-1A.  The interactive data file included as an exhibit to this filing relates to the Supplement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on behalf of the Trust pursuant to Rule 497(c) under the Securities Act on November 16, 2018; such form of Supplement (Accession Number 0000894189-18-006295) is incorporated by reference into this Rule 497 Document.


EXHIBIT LIST

Exhibit
Exhibit No.
Instance Document
EX-101.INS
Schema Document
EX-101.SCH
Calculation Linkbase Document
EX-101.CAL
Definition Linkbase Document
EX-101.DEF
Label Linkbase Document
EX-101.LAB
Presentation Linkbase Document
EX-101.PRE

 
 

EX-101.INS 2 ck0001540305-20181116.xml XBRL INSTANCE DOCUMENT 0001540305 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 0001540305 ck0001540305:S000062881Member 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 0001540305 ck0001540305:S000062881Member ck0001540305:C000203659Member 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 0001540305 ck0001540305:S000062882Member 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 0001540305 ck0001540305:S000062882Member ck0001540305:C000203660Member 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 xbrli:pure iso4217:USD Estimated for the current fiscal year. ETF Series Solutions 497 false 0001540305 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF GDG Investment Objective <div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">The Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF (the &#8220;Fund&#8221; or the &#8220;Growth Fund&#8221;) seeks total return.</div> Fees and Expenses of the Fund <div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund (&#8220;Shares&#8221;). This table and the example below do not include the brokerage commissions that investors may pay on their purchases and sales of Shares.</div> 0.0059 0.0000 0.0002 0.0027 0.0088 ~ http://gadsdenetfs.com./20181116/role/ScheduleAnnualFundOperatingExpenses20001 column dei_LegalEntityAxis compact ck0001540305_S000062881Member row primary compact * ~ This table and the example below do not include the brokerage commissions that investors may pay on their purchases and sales of Shares. Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) Estimated for the current fiscal year. Estimated for the current fiscal year. Portfolio Turnover <div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or &#8220;turns over&#8221; its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund&#8217;s performance. Because the Fund is newly organized, portfolio turnover information is not yet available.</div> Principal Investment Strategies <div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 6pt">The Fund is an actively-managed exchange-traded fund (&#8220;ETF&#8221;) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing (i)&#160;approximately 80% of its total assets with exposure to global equity securities generally based on a long-term view of macroeconomic factors (the &#8220;strategic sleeve&#8221;) and (ii)&#160;approximately 20% of its total assets to add or reduce exposure to one or more asset classes generally based on a short-term view of the market (the &#8220;tactical sleeve&#8221;). The Fund&#8217;s investment adviser, Gadsden, LLC (the &#8220;Adviser&#8221;), selects the global equity market segments and asset classes to be included in the strategic and tactical sleeves, respectively, rather than individual securities or other instruments. For each global equity market segment and asset class in which the Fund invests, the Fund&#8217;s sub-adviser will determine whether the Fund will invest directly in securities or other instruments of such market segment or asset class or indirectly through one or more pooled vehicles (e.g., other ETFs) that primarily invest in such securities or other instruments. Consequently, the Fund&#8217;s investments in other investment companies may range from 0% to 100% of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio.</div> <br/><div style="font-size: 10pt;font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;TEXT-ALIGN: justify">The Fund&#8217;s strategic sleeve seeks to identify segments of the global equity market, including emerging markets, that are likely to grow in value over periods of several years. The strategic sleeve is expected to be predominantly invested to gain exposure to equity securities of certain countries, regions, sectors, industries, or market capitalizations based on the Adviser&#8217;s assessment of the long-term (typically more than three years) correlation of such segments to each other and their correlation and sensitivity to macroeconomic factors (e.g., inflation, employment, interest rates). The Fund may focus its investments in certain sectors, regions, or countries, and in companies of any market capitalization, which allocations may change over time. From time to time, the Fund&#8217;s strategic sleeve may be comprised of significantly more or less than 80% of the Fund&#8217;s total assets (e.g., when the Adviser believes that the Fund&#8217;s strategic sleeve is more or less likely to achieve greater total return than the tactical sleeve).</div> <br/><div style="font-size: 10pt;font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;TEXT-ALIGN: justify">The Fund&#8217;s tactical sleeve is expected to be approximately 20% of the Fund&#8217;s total assets, which may increase or decrease depending on the market environment and investment opportunities perceived by the Adviser. The Fund&#8217;s tactical sleeve employs a shorter-term (typically less than three years) view of market opportunities and threats than the Fund&#8217;s strategic sleeve and is designed to adjust overall the portfolio risk/reward profile either higher or lower. The Adviser makes allocation decisions within the tactical sleeve based on its judgment of the projected investment environment for particular asset classes (e.g., currencies, equities, fixed income instruments, real assets, commodities), the attractiveness of each asset class, and expected future returns of each asset class. Within the tactical sleeve, the Fund may invest globally in any asset class, and may at times have significant exposure to a single asset class.</div> <br/><div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 6pt">The Fund&#8217;s portfolio construction blends fundamental and quantitative methods to select investments across a variety of global asset classes, though the Fund is expected to be predominantly exposed to domestic or foreign equity securities. Other asset classes in the Fund&#8217;s tactical sleeve may include corporate, government (U.S. or foreign), inflation-linked, and high-yield debt instruments (also known as &#8220;junk&#8221; bonds); cash and cash equivalents; commodity interests (including foreign currencies, precious metals, and other physical or non-physical commodities); and real estate investment trusts (&#8220;REITs&#8221;). The Fund&#8217;s investments in fixed income instruments may include those of any maturity or credit quality. The Fund&#8217;s portfolio may also utilize inverse, leveraged, and inverse leveraged ETVs (defined below) to obtain exposure to one or more asset classes.</div> <br/><div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 6pt">The Fund may gain exposure to an asset class selected by the Adviser by investing directly in securities or other instruments of such asset class or in a pooled vehicle that seeks to track the performance of such asset class (including ETFs, exchange-traded notes (&#8220;ETNs&#8221;), or exchange-traded commodities (&#8220;ETCs&#8221;) (collectively, exchange-traded vehicles (&#8220;ETVs&#8221;)).</div> <br/><div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 6pt">The Fund may invest in futures contracts to gain long or short exposure to one or more asset classes. Investments in derivative instruments, such as futures, have the economic effect of creating financial leverage in the Fund&#8217;s portfolio because such investments may give rise to losses that exceed the amount the Fund has invested in those instruments. Financial leverage will magnify, sometimes significantly, the Fund&#8217;s exposure to any increase or decrease in prices associated with a particular reference asset resulting in increased volatility in the value of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio. To the extent the Fund invests in such derivative instruments, the value of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio is likely to experience greater volatility over short-term periods. While such financial leverage has the potential to produce greater gains, it also may result in greater losses, which in some cases may cause the Fund to liquidate other portfolio investments at a loss to comply with limits on leverage and asset segregation requirements imposed by the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the &#8220;1940 Act&#8221;) or to meet redemption requests.</div> <br/><div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 6pt">The Fund will generally sell securities or other instruments when better opportunities become available or when seeking to adjust the weighting of the two sleeves in the Fund&#8217;s portfolio or the weighting of individual assets classes within a particular sleeve.</div> Principal Investment Risks <div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5.3pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Fund&#8217;s net asset value per share (&#8220;NAV&#8221;), trading price, yield, total return, and/or ability to meet its objectives. For more information about the risks of investing in the Fund, see the section in the Fund&#8217;s Prospectus, titled &#8220;Additional Information About the Funds &#8212; Principal Investment Risks.&#8221;</div> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z2553948e29c4444ca679067eee2298d8" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Cash and Cash Equivalents Risk. </font>Holding cash or cash equivalents rather than securities or other instruments in which the Fund primarily invests, even strategically, may cause the Fund to risk losing opportunities to participate in market appreciation, and may cause the Fund to experience potentially lower returns than the Fund&#8217;s benchmark or other funds that remain fully invested. In rising markets, holding cash or cash equivalents will negatively affect the Fund&#8217;s performance relative to its benchmark.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z6d6af820a64d405a8de7b55bbfc66a5a" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Cash Redemption Risk.&#160;</font>The Fund&#8217;s investment strategy may require it to redeem Shares for cash or to otherwise include cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be required to sell or unwind portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize a capital gain that it might not have recognized if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="za9bdea1c8ab84bfd98ba612ff566e131" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Commodities Risk. </font>The Fund&#8217;s exposure to investments in physical commodities subjects the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, such as stocks and bonds. Investing in physical commodities, including through ETCs or indirectly through commodity-linked derivative instruments, such as commodity-linked futures, forwards, and swaps, is speculative and can be extremely volatile. The commodities markets may fluctuate rapidly based on a variety of factors, including overall market movements; economic events and policies; changes in interest rates or inflation rates; changes in monetary and exchange control programs; war; acts of terrorism; natural disasters; and technological developments. Variables such as disease, drought, floods, weather, trade, embargoes, tariffs, and other political events, in particular, may have a larger impact on commodity prices than on traditional securities. The prices of commodities can also fluctuate widely due to supply and demand disruptions in major producing or consuming regions. Because certain commodities may be produced in a limited number of countries and may be controlled by a small number of producers, political, economic, and supply-related events in such countries could have a disproportionate impact on the prices of such commodities. These factors may affect the value of the Fund in varying ways, and different factors may cause the value and the volatility of the Fund to move in inconsistent directions at inconsistent rates. The current or &#8220;spot&#8221; prices of physical commodities may also affect, in a volatile and inconsistent manner, the prices of futures contracts in respect of the relevant commodity.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z736bf0041832410880e5b78a70b78acc" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Commodity-Linked Derivatives Tax Risk. </font>The tax treatment of commodity-linked derivative instruments may be adversely affected by changes in legislation, regulations, or other legally binding authority. As a RIC, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from certain qualifying sources of income under the Code. If, as a result of any adverse future legislation, U.S. Treasury regulations, and/or guidance issued by the Internal Revenue Service (the &#8220;IRS&#8221;), the income of the Fund from certain commodity-linked derivatives were treated as non-qualifying income, the Fund may fail to qualify as RIC and/or be subject to federal income tax at the Fund level. The uncertainty surrounding the treatment of certain derivative instruments under the qualification tests for a RIC may limit the Fund&#8217;s use of such derivative instruments.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zd611327551c6471e98bbf3fe8af98f4f" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Currency Risk. </font>Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies may affect the value of the Fund&#8217;s Instruments and the value of your Shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z649c91be1c4a4b41a7ffc3b0fd30f838" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Derivatives Risk. </font>The Fund&#8217;s derivative investments have risks, including the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets or index; the loss of principal, including the potential loss of amounts greater than the initial amount invested in the derivative instrument; the possible default of the other party to the transaction; and illiquidity of the derivative investments. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative contract due to financial difficulties, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The derivatives used by the Fund may give rise to a form of leverage. The use of leverage may exaggerate any increase or decrease in the net asset value, causing the Fund to be more volatile. The use of leverage may also increase expenses and increase the impact of the Fund&#8217;s other risks. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions to satisfy its obligations or to meet collateral segregation requirements or regulatory requirements when it may not be advantageous to liquidate such positions, resulting in increased volatility of returns. Certain of the Fund&#8217;s transactions in derivatives could also affect the amount, timing, and character of distributions to shareholders, which may result in the Fund realizing more short-term capital gain and ordinary income subject to tax at ordinary income tax rates than it would if it did not engage in such transactions, which may adversely impact the Fund&#8217;s after-tax returns.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z13cbe014ac594354954fd3b13715e3fc" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Emerging Markets Risk. </font>The Fund&#8217;s investments in securities of issuers in emerging market countries are subject to all of the risks of foreign investing generally, and have additional heightened risks due to a lack of established legal, political, business, and social frameworks to support securities markets, including: delays in settling portfolio securities transactions; currency and capital controls; greater sensitivity to interest rate changes; pervasiveness of corruption and crime; currency exchange rate volatility; and inflation, deflation, or currency devaluation.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z4ac3ebebc1184ad2a88256da27677f40" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Equity Market Risk. </font>The equity securities held in the Fund&#8217;s portfolio may experience sudden, unpredictable drops in value or long periods of decline in value. This may occur because of factors that affect securities markets generally or factors affecting specific issuers, industries, or sectors in which the Fund invests. The trading prices of equity securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Fund&#8217;s NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z85be996ca98d4c3484ab275a0527d4f8" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">ETF Risks.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z5d92b63e91f74a0ebef677b404d56e1a" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Authorized Participants (&#8220;APs&#8221;), Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk.&#160;</font>The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, Shares may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i)&#160;APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii)&#160;market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z410c02ee04d74d08b99fc0e86951cf9c" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Costs of Buying or Selling Shares.</font> Due to the costs of buying or selling Shares, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of Shares may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in Shares may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zd0f54e344a874e0289900ba00308f3a9" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Shares May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. </font>As with all ETFs, Shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of Shares will approximate the Fund&#8217;s NAV, there may be times when the market price of Shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount) due to supply and demand of Shares or during periods of market volatility. This risk is heightened in times of market volatility, periods of steep market declines, and periods when there is limited trading activity for Shares in the secondary market, in which case such premiums or discounts may be significant. Because securities held by the Fund may trade on foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund&#8217;s primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z03b479c46bff41908950094bbe0e3dfa" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Trading</font>.<font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">&#160;</font>Although Shares are listed for trading on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc. (the &#8220;Exchange&#8221;), and may be traded on U.S. exchanges other than the Exchange, there can be no assurance that Shares will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock exchange. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of the Fund&#8217;s underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than Shares.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z02edb0da950f4b61af3dc554486e194d" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; ">ETVs Risk.</font><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; ">&#160;</font>The risks of owning interests of an ETV generally reflect the same risks as owning the underlying securities or other instruments that the ETV is designed to track. The shares of certain ETVs may trade at a premium or discount to their intrinsic value (i.e., the market value may differ from the net asset value of an ETV&#8217;s shares). For example, supply and demand for shares of an ETF or market disruptions may cause the market price of the ETF to deviate from the value of the ETF&#8217;s investments, which may be emphasized in less liquid markets. The value of an ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuer&#8217;s credit rating.&#160; By investing in an ETV, the Fund indirectly bears the proportionate share of any fees and expenses of the ETV in addition to Fund&#8217;s direct fees and expenses. Additionally, trading in an ETV may be halted by the exchange on which it trades.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zb9069524958a4a6eb0429a23947e3da2" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Fixed Income Securities Risk.&#160;</font>The value of the Fund&#8217;s investments in fixed income securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities owned indirectly by the Fund. On the other hand, if rates fall, the value of the fixed income securities generally increases. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low rates and the effect of potential government fiscal policy initiatives and resulting market reaction to those initiatives. Below are several specific risks associated with investments in fixed income securities.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z900f0a23cb924db39a512b687a57df8e" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Call Risk</font>. During periods of falling interest rates, an issuer of a callable bond held by the Fund may &#8220;call&#8221; or repay the security prior to its stated maturity, and the Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower interest rates, resulting in a decline in the Fund&#8217;s income.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zf8e5787b903b494ea7ed099de9543247" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Credit Risk.</font> Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer of a security will not be able to make payments of interest and principal when due. Changes in an issuer&#8217;s credit rating or the market&#8217;s perception of an issuer&#8217;s creditworthiness may also affect the value of an investment in that issuer.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zfb24b08a91f541a48b9124ae22d0ffaf" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Event Risk.</font> Event risk is the risk that corporate issuers may undergo restructurings, such as mergers, leveraged buyouts, takeovers, or similar events financed by increased debt. As a result of the added debt, the credit quality and market value of a company&#8217;s bonds and/or other debt securities may decline significantly.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z055aa5891c614c53bb6f828993bfac84" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Extension Risk. </font>When interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these securities to fall.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z6630402f66344efc88bef8a4e542fc99" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Interest Rate Risk. </font>Generally, the value of fixed income securities will change inversely with changes in interest rates. As interest rates rise, the market value of fixed income securities tends to decrease. Conversely, as interest rates fall, the market value of fixed income securities tends to increase. This risk will be greater for long-term securities than for short-term securities. Changes in government intervention may have adverse effects on investments, volatility, and illiquidity in debt markets.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="za28c3059afd544b78b70f38e86088577" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Maturity Risk.&#160; </font>The value of the Fund&#8217;s fixed income investments is also dependent on their maturity. Generally, the longer the maturity of a fixed income security, the greater its sensitivity to changes in interest rates.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zc25ca8f629d94cab8c4f62f1b193aee3" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Prepayment Risk.</font> When interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more quickly than originally anticipated and the proceeds may have to be invested in securities with lower yields.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="za6c9369083c746c3bd403b2fc9d8fb0c" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Foreign Securities Risk.</font>&#160; Investments in foreign securities involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities. For example, investments in foreign securities may be subject to risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. There may be less information publicly available about a non-U.S. issuer than a U.S. issuer. Non-U.S. issuers may be subject to different accounting, auditing, financial reporting and investor protection standards than U.S. issuers. <font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; COLOR: #000000; ">The securities markets of foreign countries may be substantially smaller, less developed, less liquid and more volatile than the major securities markets in the United States and other developed nations.&#160;</font>With respect to certain countries, there is the possibility of government intervention and expropriation or nationalization of assets. Investments in foreign securities also may be subject to withholding or other taxes and may be subject to additional trading, settlement, custodial, and operational risks. These and other factors can make investments in the Fund more volatile and potentially less liquid than other types of investments. These risks may be enhanced for securities of companies organized in emerging market nations.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zc40d3a71c4154b93bbcc720098e14f51" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Geographic Investment Risk</font>. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in the securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z2dcd69abca2646d68c692b0e0da95406" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">High-Yield Securities Risk</font>. High-yield securities (also known as &#8220;junk bonds&#8221;) carry a greater degree of risk and are considered speculative by the major credit rating agencies. High-yield securities may be issued by companies that are restructuring, are smaller and less creditworthy, or are more highly indebted than other companies. This means that they may have more difficulty making scheduled payments of principal and interest. Changes in the value of high-yield securities are influenced more by changes in the financial and business position of the issuing company than by changes in interest rates when compared to investment grade securities. High-yield securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled. The Fund&#8217;s investments in high-yield securities expose it to a substantial degree of credit risk. These investments are considered speculative under traditional investment standards. Prices of high-yield securities will rise and fall primarily in response to actual or perceived changes in the issuer&#8217;s financial health, although changes in market interest rates also will affect prices. High-yield securities may experience reduced liquidity and sudden and substantial decreases in price.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zee5c0aba95504514ba11d2821e256dae" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Inflation-Linked Securities Risk</font>. Inflation-linked securities have a tendency to react to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates represent nominal (stated) interest rates lowered by the anticipated effect of inflation. In general, the price of an inflation-linked security decreases when real interest rates increase, and increases when real interest rates decrease. The Fund&#8217;s income from its investments in these securities is likely to fluctuate more than the income distributions of its investments in more traditional fixed income securities.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zd43850e97d4b475388a47dda02c936c9" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Leveraged, Inverse, and Inverse-Leveraged ETF Risk</font>. Leveraged, inverse, and inverse-leveraged ETFs expose a Fund to all of the risks that traditional ETFs present (see &#8220;ETF Risks&#8221; above). Leveraged ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a multiple of the performance of an underlying index (e.g., three times the performance). Inverse ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a negative (i.e., the opposite) of the performance of an underlying index. Leveraged inverse ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a negative multiple of the performance of an underlying index. All such ETFs rely to some degree, often extensively, on derivatives to achieve their objectives and, thus, the Fund is indirectly exposed to derivatives risk through its investments in these ETFs. Further, investments in leveraged, inverse, or inverse-leveraged ETFs are subject to the risk that the performance of such ETF will not correlate with the underlying index as intended. Leveraged, inverse, and inverse-leveraged ETFs often &#8220;reset&#8221; daily, meaning that they are designed to achieve their stated objectives on a daily basis. Due to the effect of compounding, their performance over longer periods of time can differ significantly from the performance (or inverse of the performance) of their underlying index or benchmark during the same period of time. This effect can be magnified in volatile markets. Consequently, these investment vehicles may be extremely volatile and can potentially expose a Fund to complete loss of its investment.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zaa4fa86b164d4d9f91761d255b661249" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; ">Management Risk.</font><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; ">&#160;The Fund is actively-managed and may not meet its investment objective based on the Adviser&#8217;s or Sub-Adviser&#8217;s success or failure to implement investment strategies for the Fund. </font>The Adviser&#8217;s evaluations and assumptions regarding asset classes and direct investments may not successfully achieve the Fund&#8217;s investment objective given actual market trends. The Adviser has not previously managed an ETF, which may increase the risks of investments in the Fund.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z08d360cdf68e40a2add5910e10c46ad9" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Models and Data Risk. </font>The Adviser may utilize proprietary quantitative models as well as information and data supplied by third parties (&#8220;Models and Data&#8221;) in implementing the Fund&#8217;s principal investment strategies. When Models and Data prove to be incorrect or incomplete, any decisions made in reliance thereon may lead to the inclusion or exclusion of securities that would have been excluded or included had the Models and Data been correct and complete.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z6019d3cf276e4de7b0d2d563a1e755d0" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">New Fund Risk.&#160;</font><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; ">The Fund is a recently organized management investment company with no operating history. As a result, prospective investors have no track record or history on which to base their investment decision.</font></div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z3761dae40648480690ac7e9a6989c44e" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">REIT Risk.</font> A REIT is a company that owns or finances income-producing real estate. Through its investments in REITs, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in the real estate market, including decreases in property revenues, increases in interest rates, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, legal and regulatory changes, a lack of credit or capital, defaults by borrowers or tenants, environmental problems and natural disasters.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; MARGIN-TOP: 6pt">REITs are subject to additional risks, including those related to adverse governmental actions; declines in property value and the real estate market; the potential failure to qualify for tax-free pass through of income; and exemption from registration as an investment company. REITs are dependent upon specialized management skills and may invest in relatively few properties, a small geographic area, or a small number of property types. As a result, investments in REITs may be volatile. To the extent the Fund invests in REITs concentrated in specific geographic areas or property types, the Fund may be subject to a greater loss as a result of adverse developments affecting such area or property types. REITs are pooled investment vehicles with their own fees and expenses and the Fund will indirectly bear a proportionate share of those fees and expenses.</div> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z0d873d23c6ae4d898db1b116d06a7038" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; ">Sector Risk.&#160;</font><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; ">To the extent the Fund invests more heavily in particular sectors of the economy, its performance will be especially sensitive to developments that significantly affect those sectors.</font></div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z7af8b0cd8ea945f0b002992d3c984384" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk</font>. The Fund may invest in the securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund may be more volatile than funds that invest in larger, more established companies. The securities of small-and mid-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than larger capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. Small- and mid-capitalization companies may be particularly sensitive to changes in interest rates, government regulation, borrowing costs and earnings.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z0870c764409a4553991f297280b2d0bb" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Sovereign Debt Securities Risk.</font> Sovereign debt securities are subject to various risks in addition to those relating to debt securities and foreign securities generally, including, but not limited to, the risk that a governmental entity may be unwilling or unable to repay principal or interest on its sovereign debt, or otherwise meet its obligations when due, and the Fund may have limited recourse in the event of a default against the defaulting government. If a sovereign debtor defaults (or threatens to default) on its sovereign debt obligations, the indebtedness may be restructured. Some sovereign debtors have in the past been able to restructure their debt payments without the approval of some or all debt holders or to declare moratoria on payments.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z0dfe993dd917400c84ebba98b540343b" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">U.S. Government Obligations Risk</font>. Obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities receive varying levels of support and may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, which could affect the Fund&#8217;s ability to recover should they default. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies and authorities if it is not obligated by law to do so.<font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; COLOR: #000000"> Additionally, market prices and yields of securities supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or other countries may decline or be negative for short or long periods of time.</font></div> </td> </tr> </table> You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. Expense Example <div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund&#8217;s operating expenses remain the same.</div> 90 281 ~ http://gadsdenetfs.com./20181116/role/ScheduleExpenseExampleTransposed20002 column dei_LegalEntityAxis compact ck0001540305_S000062881Member row primary compact * ~ Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: Performance <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">Performance information for the Fund is not included because the Fund did not have a full calendar year of performance prior to the date of this Prospectus. In the future, performance information for the Fund will be presented in this section. Updated performance information is available on the Fund&#8217;s website at www.gadsdenfunds.com.</div> www.gadsdenfunds.com Performance information for the Fund is not included because the Fund did not have a full calendar year of performance prior to the date of this Prospectus. Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF GDMA Investment Objective <div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">The Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF (the &#8220;Fund&#8221; or the &#8220;Multi-Asset Fund&#8221;) seeks total return.</div> Fees and Expenses of the Fund <div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund (&#8220;Shares&#8221;). This table and the example below do not include the brokerage commissions that investors may pay on their purchases and sales of Shares.</div> 0.0059 0.0000 0.0001 0.0011 0.0071 ~ http://gadsdenetfs.com./20181116/role/ScheduleAnnualFundOperatingExpenses20005 column dei_LegalEntityAxis compact ck0001540305_S000062882Member row primary compact * ~ This table and the example below do not include the brokerage commissions that investors may pay on their purchases and sales of Shares. Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) Estimated for the current fiscal year. Estimated for the current fiscal year. Portfolio Turnover <div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or &#8220;turns over&#8221; its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund&#8217;s performance. Because the Fund is newly organized, portfolio turnover information is not yet available.</div> Principal Investment Strategies <div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 6pt">The Fund is an actively-managed exchange-traded fund (&#8220;ETF&#8221;) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing (i)&#160;approximately 80% of its total assets with exposure to a variety of asset classes, geographies, and market capitalizations generally based on a long-term view of macroeconomic factors (the &#8220;strategic sleeve&#8221;) and (ii)&#160;approximately 20% of its total assets to add or reduce exposure to one or more asset classes generally based on a short-term view of the market (the &#8220;tactical sleeve&#8221;). The Fund&#8217;s investment adviser, Gadsden, LLC (the &#8220;Adviser&#8221;), selects the asset classes to be included in the strategic and tactical sleeves, rather than individual securities or other instruments. For each asset class in which the Fund invests, the Fund&#8217;s sub-adviser will determine whether the Fund will invest directly in securities or other instruments of such asset class or indirectly through one or more pooled vehicles (e.g., other ETFs) that primarily invest in such securities or other instruments. Consequently, the Fund&#8217;s investments in other investment companies may range from 0% to 100% of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio.</div> <br/><div style="font-size: 10pt;font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;TEXT-ALIGN: justify">The Fund&#8217;s strategic sleeve invests in a variety of asset classes (e.g., currencies, equities, fixed income instruments, real assets, commodities), geographies (including emerging markets), and market capitalizations based on the Adviser&#8217;s assessment of the long-term (typically more than three years) correlation of such segments to each other and their correlation and sensitivity to macroeconomic factors (e.g., inflation, employment, interest rates). The Adviser considers such correlations in seeking to create a blend of investments across multiple asset classes that will grow in value across rising and falling markets. The Fund may focus its investments in certain asset classes, sectors, regions, or countries, and in companies of any market capitalization, which allocations may change over time. Additionally, the Fund may invest in assets classes that are considered lower-risk (e.g., inflation-linked bonds or fixed income securities), higher-risk (e.g., equities or real estate investment trusts (&#8220;REITs&#8221;), or a mix of both groups. From time to time, the Fund&#8217;s strategic sleeve may be comprised of significantly more or less than 80% of the Fund&#8217;s total assets (e.g., when the Adviser believes that the Fund&#8217;s strategic sleeve is more or less likely to achieve greater total return than the tactical sleeve).</div> <br/><div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 6pt">The Fund&#8217;s tactical sleeve is expected to be approximately 20% of the Fund&#8217;s total assets, which may increase or decrease depending on the market environment and investment opportunities perceived by the Adviser. The Fund&#8217;s tactical sleeve employs a shorter-term (typically less than three years) view of market opportunities and threats than the Fund&#8217;s strategic sleeve and is designed to adjust the overall portfolio risk/reward profile either higher or lower. The Adviser makes allocation decisions within the tactical sleeve based on its judgment of the projected investment environment for particular asset classes, the attractiveness of each asset class, and expected future returns of each asset class. Within the tactical sleeve, the Fund may invest globally in any asset class and may at times have significant exposure to a single asset class.</div> <br/><div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 6pt">The Fund&#8217;s portfolio construction blends fundamental and quantitative methods to select investments across a variety of global asset classes, including corporate, government (U.S. or foreign), inflation-linked, and high-yield debt instruments (also known as &#8220;junk&#8221; bonds); cash and cash equivalents; commodity interests (including foreign currencies, precious metals, and other physical or non-physical commodities); and REITs. The Fund&#8217;s investments in fixed income instruments may include those of any maturity or credit quality. The Fund&#8217;s portfolio may also utilize inverse, leveraged, and inverse leveraged ETVs (defined below) to obtain exposure to one or more asset classes.</div> <br/><div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 6pt">The Fund may gain exposure to an asset class selected by the Adviser by investing directly in securities or other instruments of such asset class or in a pooled vehicle that seeks to track the performance of such asset class (including ETFs, exchange-traded notes (&#8220;ETNs&#8221;), or exchange-traded commodities (&#8220;ETCs&#8221;) (collectively, exchange-traded vehicles (&#8220;ETVs&#8221;)).</div> <br/><div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 6pt">The Fund may invest in futures contracts to gain long or short exposure to one or more asset classes. Investments in derivative instruments, such as futures, have the economic effect of creating financial leverage in the Fund&#8217;s portfolio because such investments may give rise to losses that exceed the amount the Fund has invested in those instruments. Financial leverage will magnify, sometimes significantly, the Fund&#8217;s exposure to any increase or decrease in prices associated with a particular reference asset resulting in increased volatility in the value of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio. To the extent the Fund invests in such derivative instruments, the value of the Fund&#8217;s portfolio is likely to experience greater volatility over short-term periods. While such financial leverage has the potential to produce greater gains, it also may result in greater losses, which in some cases may cause the Fund to liquidate other portfolio investments at a loss to comply with limits on leverage and asset segregation requirements imposed by the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the &#8220;1940 Act&#8221;) or to meet redemption requests.</div> <br/><div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 8pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 6pt">The Fund will generally sell securities or other instruments when better opportunities become available or when seeking to adjust the weighting of the two sleeves in the Fund&#8217;s portfolio or the weighting of individual assets classes within a particular sleeve.</div> Principal Investment Risks <div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5.3pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Fund&#8217;s net asset value per share (&#8220;NAV&#8221;), trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objectives. For more information about the risks of investing in the Fund, see the section in the Fund&#8217;s Prospectus, titled &#8220;Additional Information About the Fund&#8217;s &#8212; Principal Investment Risks.&#8221;</div> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z61eb8a21864040ea82579d393ffa7fe5" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Cash and Cash Equivalents Risk.</font> Holding cash or cash equivalents rather than securities or other instruments in which the Fund primarily invests, even strategically, may cause the Fund to risk losing opportunities to participate in market appreciation, and may cause the Fund to experience potentially lower returns than the Fund&#8217;s benchmark or other funds that remain fully invested. In rising markets, holding cash or cash equivalents will negatively affect the Fund&#8217;s performance relative to its benchmark.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zb94cb4ce7bd34820a078ad71ab3675b6" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Cash Redemption Risk.&#160;</font>The Fund&#8217;s investment strategy may require it to redeem Shares for cash or to otherwise include cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be required to sell or unwind portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize a capital gain that it might not have recognized if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z33a0409d34bf49958e005874788fb739" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Commodities Risk</font>.&#160; The Fund&#8217;s exposure to investments in physical commodities subjects the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, such as stocks and bonds. Investing in physical commodities, including through ETCs or commodity-linked derivative instruments, such as commodity-linked futures, forwards and swaps, is speculative and can be extremely volatile. The commodities markets may fluctuate rapidly based on a variety of factors, including overall market movements; economic events and policies; changes in interest rates or inflation rates; changes in monetary and exchange control programs; war; acts of terrorism; natural disasters; and technological developments. Variables such as disease, drought, floods, weather, trade, embargoes, tariffs and other political events, in particular, may have a larger impact on commodity prices than on traditional securities. The prices of commodities can also fluctuate widely due to supply and demand disruptions in major producing or consuming regions. Because certain commodities may be produced in a limited number of countries and may be controlled by a small number of producers, political, economic and supply-related events in such countries could have a disproportionate impact on the prices of such commodities. These factors may affect the value of the Fund in varying ways, and different factors may cause the value and the volatility of the Fund to move in inconsistent directions at inconsistent rates. The current or &#8220;spot&#8221; prices of physical commodities may also affect, in a volatile and inconsistent manner, the prices of futures contracts in respect of the relevant commodity.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z2cdf7aec03cd47259e8f771cfcdb9bb5" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Commodity-Linked Derivatives Tax Risk. </font>The tax treatment of commodity-linked derivative instruments may be adversely affected by changes in legislation, regulations, or other legally binding authority. As a RIC, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from certain qualifying sources of income under the Code. If, as a result of any adverse future legislation, U.S. Treasury regulations, and/or guidance issued by the Internal Revenue Service (the &#8220;IRS&#8221;), the income of the Fund from certain commodity-linked derivatives were treated as non-qualifying income, the Fund may fail to qualify as RIC and/or be subject to federal income tax at the Fund level. The uncertainty surrounding the treatment of certain derivative instruments under the qualification tests for a RIC may limit the Fund&#8217;s use of such derivative instruments.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zd45a7d19ced04326832074206fe5a6a9" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Currency Risk. </font>Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies may affect the value of the Underlying ETFs and the value of your Shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z2f48baafdd084a7cae306164e8da850d" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Derivatives Risk. </font>The Fund&#8217;s derivative investments have risks, including the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets or index; the loss of principal, including the potential loss of amounts greater than the initial amount invested in the derivative instrument; the possible default of the other party to the transaction; and illiquidity of the derivative investments. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative contract due to financial difficulties, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The derivatives used by the Fund may give rise to a form of leverage. The use of leverage may exaggerate any increase or decrease in the net asset value, causing the Fund to be more volatile. The use of leverage may also increase expenses and increase the impact of the Fund&#8217;s other risks. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions to satisfy its obligations or to meet collateral segregation requirements or regulatory requirements when it may not be advantageous to liquidate such positions, resulting in increased volatility of returns. Certain of the Fund&#8217;s transactions in derivatives could also affect the amount, timing, and character of distributions to shareholders, which may result in the Fund realizing more short-term capital gain and ordinary income subject to tax at ordinary income tax rates than it would if it did not engage in such transactions, which may adversely impact the Fund&#8217;s after-tax returns.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zdf3e76a9daa84f9e9b8819c920017907" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Emerging Markets Risk. </font>The Fund&#8217;s investments in securities of issuers in emerging market countries are subject to all of the risks of foreign investing generally, and have additional heightened risks due to a lack of established legal, political, business, and social frameworks to support securities markets, including: delays in settling portfolio securities transactions; currency and capital controls; greater sensitivity to interest rate changes; pervasiveness of corruption and crime; currency exchange rate volatility; and inflation, deflation, or currency devaluation.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zd63ba70805794cdab9bd6093dee12d73" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Equity Market Risk. </font>The equity securities held in the Fund&#8217;s portfolio may experience sudden, unpredictable drops in value or long periods of decline in value. This may occur because of factors that affect securities markets generally or factors affecting specific issuers, industries, or sectors in which the Fund invests. The trading prices of equity securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Fund&#8217;s NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z5a57477bba9a4ec0a455aa0d004f9ba4" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">ETF Risks.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="za8928c293d7048738e1aedc905093ad9" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Authorized Participants (&#8220;APs&#8221;), Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk.&#160;</font>The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, Shares may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i)&#160;APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii)&#160;market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zff84cb041f314a72a96e7e6e2bdaf5dd" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Costs of Buying or Selling Shares.</font> Due to the costs of buying or selling Shares, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of Shares may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in Shares may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z4e0ed525391843e3b7be79d40265032a" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Shares May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. </font>As with all ETFs, Shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of Shares will approximate the Fund&#8217;s NAV, there may be times when the market price of Shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount) due to supply and demand of Shares or during periods of market volatility. This risk is heightened in times of market volatility, periods of steep market declines, and periods when there is limited trading activity for Shares in the secondary market, in which case such premiums or discounts may be significant. Because securities held by the Fund may trade on foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund&#8217;s primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z3a6f0f9411ed422282c4a185d91bfc0a" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Trading</font>.<font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">&#160;</font>Although Shares are listed for trading on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc. (the &#8220;Exchange&#8221;), and may be traded on U.S. exchanges other than the Exchange, there can be no assurance that Shares will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock exchange. <font style="color: #000000;">In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of the Fund&#8217;s underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than Shares.</font></div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z19a4b216ed2b477686a05b840697b1ea" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; ">ETVs Risk.</font><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; ">&#160;</font>The risks of owning interests of an ETV generally reflect the same risks as owning the underlying securities or other instruments that the ETV is designed to track. The shares of certain ETVs may trade at a premium or discount to their intrinsic value (i.e., the market value may differ from the net asset value of an ETV&#8217;s shares). For example, supply and demand for shares of an ETF or market disruptions may cause the market price of the ETF to deviate from the value of the ETF&#8217;s investments, which may be emphasized in less liquid markets. The value of an ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuer&#8217;s credit rating.&#160; By investing in an ETV, the Fund indirectly bears the proportionate share of any fees and expenses of the ETV in addition to Fund&#8217;s direct fees and expenses. Additionally, trading in an ETV may be halted by the exchange on which it trades.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z0ffdeebd9f9f427788cad17fe0b538dc" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Fixed Income Securities Risk.&#160;</font>The value of the Fund&#8217;s investments in fixed income securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities owned indirectly by the Fund. On the other hand, if rates fall, the value of the fixed income securities generally increases. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low rates and the effect of potential government fiscal policy initiatives and resulting market reaction to those initiatives. Below are several specific risks associated with investments in fixed income securities.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z9399b6d7bb764e6eab99ecff2691e327" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Call Risk</font>. During periods of falling interest rates, an issuer of a callable bond held by the Fund may &#8220;call&#8221; or repay the security prior to its stated maturity, and the Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower interest rates, resulting in a decline in the Fund&#8217;s income.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="ze3a26e8f988f4430bf84959e1a04e459" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Credit Risk.</font> Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer of a security will not be able to make payments of interest and principal when due. Changes in an issuer&#8217;s credit rating or the market&#8217;s perception of an issuer&#8217;s creditworthiness may also affect the value of an investment in that issuer.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z9e9fa198f8704690a61eb9b593151aec" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Event Risk.</font> Event risk is the risk that corporate issuers may undergo restructurings, such as mergers, leveraged buyouts, takeovers, or similar events financed by increased debt. As a result of the added debt, the credit quality and market value of a company&#8217;s bonds and/or other debt securities may decline significantly.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z8c23cf2b18ce408586ec3a84964f2a9e" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Extension Risk. </font>When interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these securities to fall.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z5b2a5bf1d9244ccc9c46c257cadceafb" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Interest Rate Risk. </font>Generally, the value of fixed income securities will change inversely with changes in interest rates. As interest rates rise, the market value of fixed income securities tends to decrease. Conversely, as interest rates fall, the market value of fixed income securities tends to increase. This risk will be greater for long-term securities than for short-term securities. Changes in government intervention may have adverse effects on investments, volatility, and illiquidity in debt markets.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z813277fa76474754aeeef388fa7aa1eb" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Maturity Risk.&#160; </font>The value of the Fund&#8217;s fixed income investments is also dependent on their maturity. Generally, the longer the maturity of a fixed income security, the greater its sensitivity to changes in interest rates.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z13dab7ec13d743e1a89f664e76ce622a" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 18pt"/> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">o</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-STYLE: italic">Prepayment Risk.</font> When interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more quickly than originally anticipated and the proceeds may have to be invested in securities with lower yields.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zfbf2bbd2d46948d0a6b6f8f4f8eccdde" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Foreign Securities Risk. </font>Investments in foreign securities involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities. For example, investments in foreign securities may be subject to risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. There may be less information publicly available about a non-U.S. issuer than a U.S. issuer. Non-U.S. issuers may be subject to different accounting, auditing, financial reporting and investor protection standards than U.S. issuers. <font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; COLOR: #000000; ">The securities markets of foreign countries may be substantially smaller, less developed, less liquid and more volatile than the major securities markets in the United States and other developed nations.&#160;</font>With respect to certain countries, there is the possibility of government intervention and expropriation or nationalization of assets. Investments in foreign securities also may be subject to withholding or other taxes and may be subject to additional trading, settlement, custodial, and operational risks. These and other factors can make investments in the Fund more volatile and potentially less liquid than other types of investments. These risks may be enhanced for securities of companies organized in emerging market nations.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z98554b4d8c7c41ee9fee09369685920b" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Geographic Investment Risk</font>. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in the securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zfc91540eb7004ee88ac17c3f6dd1e9de" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">High-Yield Securities Risk</font>. High-yield securities (also known as &#8220;junk bonds&#8221;) carry a greater degree of risk and are considered speculative by the major credit rating agencies. High-yield securities may be issued by companies that are restructuring, are smaller and less creditworthy, or are more highly indebted than other companies. This means that they may have more difficulty making scheduled payments of principal and interest. Changes in the value of high-yield securities are influenced more by changes in the financial and business position of the issuing company than by changes in interest rates when compared to investment grade securities. High-yield securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled. The Fund&#8217;s investments in high-yield securities expose it to a substantial degree of credit risk. These investments are considered speculative under traditional investment standards. Prices of high-yield securities will rise and fall primarily in response to actual or perceived changes in the issuer&#8217;s financial health, although changes in market interest rates also will affect prices. High-yield securities may experience reduced liquidity and sudden and substantial decreases in price.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z1208ff0457e7422abecc600c4df3261a" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Inflation-Linked Securities Risk</font>.&#160; Inflation-linked securities have a tendency to react to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates represent nominal (stated) interest rates lowered by the anticipated effect of inflation. In general, the price of an inflation-linked security decreases when real interest rates increase, and increases when real interest rates decrease. The Fund&#8217;s income from its investments in these securities is likely to fluctuate more than the income distributions of its investments in more traditional fixed income securities.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zbf35a3e5af864ac89a870bbdb20367d9" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Leveraged, Inverse, and Inverse-Leveraged ETF Risk</font>. Leveraged, inverse, and inverse-leveraged ETFs expose a Fund to all of the risks that traditional ETFs present (see &#8220;ETF Risks&#8221; above). Leveraged ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a multiple of the performance of an underlying index (e.g., three times the performance). Inverse ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a negative (i.e., the opposite) of the performance of an underlying index. Leveraged inverse ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a negative multiple of the performance of an underlying index. All such ETFs rely to some degree, often extensively, on derivatives to achieve their objectives and, thus, the Fund is indirectly exposed to derivatives risk through its investments in these ETFs. Further, investments in leveraged, inverse, or inverse-leveraged ETFs are subject to the risk that the performance of such ETF will not correlate with the underlying index as intended. Leveraged, inverse, and inverse-leveraged ETFs often &#8220;reset&#8221; daily, meaning that they are designed to achieve their stated objectives on a daily basis. Due to the effect of compounding, their performance over longer periods of time can differ significantly from the performance (or inverse of the performance) of their underlying index or benchmark during the same period of time. This effect can be magnified in volatile markets. Consequently, these investment vehicles may be extremely volatile and can potentially expose a Fund to complete loss of its investment.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z699e8256ad14472caa114cd81fe20b58" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; ">Management Risk.</font><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; ">&#160;The Fund is actively-managed and may not meet its investment objective based on the Adviser&#8217;s or Sub-Adviser&#8217;s success or failure to implement investment strategies for the Fund. </font>The Adviser&#8217;s evaluations and assumptions regarding asset classes and direct investments may not successfully achieve the Fund&#8217;s investment objective given actual market trends. The Adviser has not previously managed an ETF, which may increase the risks of investments in the Fund.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z72d1b7da24844b1daf0697899bc18c8c" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Models and Data Risk. </font>The Adviser may utilize proprietary quantitative models as well as information and data supplied by third parties (&#8220;Models and Data&#8221;) in implementing the Fund&#8217;s principal investment strategies. When Models and Data prove to be incorrect or incomplete, any decisions made in reliance thereon may lead to the inclusion or exclusion of securities that would have been excluded or included had the Models and Data been correct and complete.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z55a9fd52aa304e1bafdc096aa395b131" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">New Fund Risk.&#160;</font><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; ">The Fund is a recently organized management investment company with no operating history. As a result, prospective investors have no track record or history on which to base their investment decision.</font></div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zeef8fc331f2a469ba3bbd716de1117ee" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">REIT Risk.</font> A REIT is a company that owns or finances income-producing real estate. Through its investments in REITs, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in the real estate market, including decreases in property revenues, increases in interest rates, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, legal and regulatory changes, a lack of credit or capital, defaults by borrowers or tenants, environmental problems and natural disasters.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; MARGIN-TOP: 6pt">REITs are subject to additional risks, including those related to adverse governmental actions; declines in property value and the real estate market; the potential failure to qualify for tax-free pass through of income; and exemption from registration as an investment company. REITs are dependent upon specialized management skills and may invest in relatively few properties, a small geographic area, or a small number of property types. As a result, investments in REITs may be volatile. To the extent the Fund invests in REITs concentrated in specific geographic areas or property types, the Fund may be subject to a greater loss as a result of adverse developments affecting such area or property types. REITs are pooled investment vehicles with their own fees and expenses and the Fund will indirectly bear a proportionate share of those fees and expenses.</div> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z0f9f0bbb52644b0f9af8e51bd5b903b8" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk</font>. The Fund may invest in the securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund may be more volatile than funds that invest in larger, more established companies. The securities of small-and mid-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than larger capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. Small- and mid-capitalization companies may be particularly sensitive to changes in interest rates, government regulation, borrowing costs and earnings.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z02f1310b29b34472a52424916f0ab4e9" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Sovereign Debt Securities Risk.</font>&#160; Sovereign debt securities are subject to various risks in addition to those relating to debt securities and foreign securities generally, including, but not limited to, the risk that a governmental entity may be unwilling or unable to repay principal or interest on its sovereign debt, or otherwise meet its obligations when due, and the Fund may have limited recourse in the event of a default against the defaulting government. If a sovereign debtor defaults (or threatens to default) on its sovereign debt obligations, the indebtedness may be restructured. Some sovereign debtors have in the past been able to restructure their debt payments without the approval of some or all debt holders or to declare moratoria on payments.</div> </td> </tr> </table> <br/><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z5507e6e3546844068e46f4592313a9b8" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; WIDTH: 100%"> <tr> <td style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol, serif; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; WIDTH: 18pt; align: right">&#183;</td> <td style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; WIDTH: auto"> <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">U.S. Government Obligations Risk</font>.&#160; Obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities receive varying levels of support and may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, which could affect the Fund&#8217;s ability to recover should they default.&#160; No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies and authorities if it is not obligated by law to do so.<font style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; COLOR: #000000"> Additionally, market prices and yields of securities supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or other countries may decline or be negative for short or long periods of time.</font></div> </td> </tr> </table> You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. Expense Example <div style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 6pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund&#8217;s operating expenses remain the same.</div> 73 227 ~ http://gadsdenetfs.com./20181116/role/ScheduleExpenseExampleTransposed20006 column dei_LegalEntityAxis compact ck0001540305_S000062882Member row primary compact * ~ Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: Performance <div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">Performance information for the International Fund is not included because the Fund did not have a full calendar year of performance prior to the date of this Prospectus. In the future, performance information for the Fund will be presented in this section. Updated performance information is available on the Fund&#8217;s website at www.gadsdenfunds.com.</div> www.gadsdenfunds.com Performance information for the Fund is not included because the Fund did not have a full calendar year of performance prior to the date of this Prospectus. 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Document and Entity Information
Total
Prospectus:  
Document Type 497
Document Period End Date Nov. 16, 2018
Registrant Name ETF Series Solutions
Central Index Key 0001540305
Amendment Flag false
Document Creation Date Nov. 16, 2018
Document Effective Date Nov. 16, 2018
Prospectus Date Nov. 16, 2018
Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF | Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF  
Prospectus:  
Trading Symbol GDG
Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF | Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF  
Prospectus:  
Trading Symbol GDMA
XML 9 R2.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v3.10.0.1
Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF
Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF
Investment Objective
The Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF (the “Fund” or the “Growth Fund”) seeks total return.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund (“Shares”). This table and the example below do not include the brokerage commissions that investors may pay on their purchases and sales of Shares.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)
Annual Fund Operating Expenses
Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF
Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF
Management Fees 0.59%
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees none
Other Expenses 0.02% [1]
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses 0.27% [1]
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 0.88%
[1] Estimated for the current fiscal year.
Expense Example
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same.
Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
Expense Example
1 Year
3 Years
Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF | Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF | USD ($) 90 281
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. Because the Fund is newly organized, portfolio turnover information is not yet available.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund is an actively-managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing (i) approximately 80% of its total assets with exposure to global equity securities generally based on a long-term view of macroeconomic factors (the “strategic sleeve”) and (ii) approximately 20% of its total assets to add or reduce exposure to one or more asset classes generally based on a short-term view of the market (the “tactical sleeve”). The Fund’s investment adviser, Gadsden, LLC (the “Adviser”), selects the global equity market segments and asset classes to be included in the strategic and tactical sleeves, respectively, rather than individual securities or other instruments. For each global equity market segment and asset class in which the Fund invests, the Fund’s sub-adviser will determine whether the Fund will invest directly in securities or other instruments of such market segment or asset class or indirectly through one or more pooled vehicles (e.g., other ETFs) that primarily invest in such securities or other instruments. Consequently, the Fund’s investments in other investment companies may range from 0% to 100% of the Fund’s portfolio.

The Fund’s strategic sleeve seeks to identify segments of the global equity market, including emerging markets, that are likely to grow in value over periods of several years. The strategic sleeve is expected to be predominantly invested to gain exposure to equity securities of certain countries, regions, sectors, industries, or market capitalizations based on the Adviser’s assessment of the long-term (typically more than three years) correlation of such segments to each other and their correlation and sensitivity to macroeconomic factors (e.g., inflation, employment, interest rates). The Fund may focus its investments in certain sectors, regions, or countries, and in companies of any market capitalization, which allocations may change over time. From time to time, the Fund’s strategic sleeve may be comprised of significantly more or less than 80% of the Fund’s total assets (e.g., when the Adviser believes that the Fund’s strategic sleeve is more or less likely to achieve greater total return than the tactical sleeve).

The Fund’s tactical sleeve is expected to be approximately 20% of the Fund’s total assets, which may increase or decrease depending on the market environment and investment opportunities perceived by the Adviser. The Fund’s tactical sleeve employs a shorter-term (typically less than three years) view of market opportunities and threats than the Fund’s strategic sleeve and is designed to adjust overall the portfolio risk/reward profile either higher or lower. The Adviser makes allocation decisions within the tactical sleeve based on its judgment of the projected investment environment for particular asset classes (e.g., currencies, equities, fixed income instruments, real assets, commodities), the attractiveness of each asset class, and expected future returns of each asset class. Within the tactical sleeve, the Fund may invest globally in any asset class, and may at times have significant exposure to a single asset class.

The Fund’s portfolio construction blends fundamental and quantitative methods to select investments across a variety of global asset classes, though the Fund is expected to be predominantly exposed to domestic or foreign equity securities. Other asset classes in the Fund’s tactical sleeve may include corporate, government (U.S. or foreign), inflation-linked, and high-yield debt instruments (also known as “junk” bonds); cash and cash equivalents; commodity interests (including foreign currencies, precious metals, and other physical or non-physical commodities); and real estate investment trusts (“REITs”). The Fund’s investments in fixed income instruments may include those of any maturity or credit quality. The Fund’s portfolio may also utilize inverse, leveraged, and inverse leveraged ETVs (defined below) to obtain exposure to one or more asset classes.

The Fund may gain exposure to an asset class selected by the Adviser by investing directly in securities or other instruments of such asset class or in a pooled vehicle that seeks to track the performance of such asset class (including ETFs, exchange-traded notes (“ETNs”), or exchange-traded commodities (“ETCs”) (collectively, exchange-traded vehicles (“ETVs”)).

The Fund may invest in futures contracts to gain long or short exposure to one or more asset classes. Investments in derivative instruments, such as futures, have the economic effect of creating financial leverage in the Fund’s portfolio because such investments may give rise to losses that exceed the amount the Fund has invested in those instruments. Financial leverage will magnify, sometimes significantly, the Fund’s exposure to any increase or decrease in prices associated with a particular reference asset resulting in increased volatility in the value of the Fund’s portfolio. To the extent the Fund invests in such derivative instruments, the value of the Fund’s portfolio is likely to experience greater volatility over short-term periods. While such financial leverage has the potential to produce greater gains, it also may result in greater losses, which in some cases may cause the Fund to liquidate other portfolio investments at a loss to comply with limits on leverage and asset segregation requirements imposed by the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) or to meet redemption requests.

The Fund will generally sell securities or other instruments when better opportunities become available or when seeking to adjust the weighting of the two sleeves in the Fund’s portfolio or the weighting of individual assets classes within a particular sleeve.
Principal Investment Risks
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value per share (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return, and/or ability to meet its objectives. For more information about the risks of investing in the Fund, see the section in the Fund’s Prospectus, titled “Additional Information About the Funds — Principal Investment Risks.”

·
Cash and Cash Equivalents Risk. Holding cash or cash equivalents rather than securities or other instruments in which the Fund primarily invests, even strategically, may cause the Fund to risk losing opportunities to participate in market appreciation, and may cause the Fund to experience potentially lower returns than the Fund’s benchmark or other funds that remain fully invested. In rising markets, holding cash or cash equivalents will negatively affect the Fund’s performance relative to its benchmark.

·
Cash Redemption Risk. The Fund’s investment strategy may require it to redeem Shares for cash or to otherwise include cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be required to sell or unwind portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize a capital gain that it might not have recognized if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used.

·
Commodities Risk. The Fund’s exposure to investments in physical commodities subjects the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, such as stocks and bonds. Investing in physical commodities, including through ETCs or indirectly through commodity-linked derivative instruments, such as commodity-linked futures, forwards, and swaps, is speculative and can be extremely volatile. The commodities markets may fluctuate rapidly based on a variety of factors, including overall market movements; economic events and policies; changes in interest rates or inflation rates; changes in monetary and exchange control programs; war; acts of terrorism; natural disasters; and technological developments. Variables such as disease, drought, floods, weather, trade, embargoes, tariffs, and other political events, in particular, may have a larger impact on commodity prices than on traditional securities. The prices of commodities can also fluctuate widely due to supply and demand disruptions in major producing or consuming regions. Because certain commodities may be produced in a limited number of countries and may be controlled by a small number of producers, political, economic, and supply-related events in such countries could have a disproportionate impact on the prices of such commodities. These factors may affect the value of the Fund in varying ways, and different factors may cause the value and the volatility of the Fund to move in inconsistent directions at inconsistent rates. The current or “spot” prices of physical commodities may also affect, in a volatile and inconsistent manner, the prices of futures contracts in respect of the relevant commodity.

o
Commodity-Linked Derivatives Tax Risk. The tax treatment of commodity-linked derivative instruments may be adversely affected by changes in legislation, regulations, or other legally binding authority. As a RIC, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from certain qualifying sources of income under the Code. If, as a result of any adverse future legislation, U.S. Treasury regulations, and/or guidance issued by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), the income of the Fund from certain commodity-linked derivatives were treated as non-qualifying income, the Fund may fail to qualify as RIC and/or be subject to federal income tax at the Fund level. The uncertainty surrounding the treatment of certain derivative instruments under the qualification tests for a RIC may limit the Fund’s use of such derivative instruments.

·
Currency Risk. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies may affect the value of the Fund’s Instruments and the value of your Shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money.

·
Derivatives Risk. The Fund’s derivative investments have risks, including the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets or index; the loss of principal, including the potential loss of amounts greater than the initial amount invested in the derivative instrument; the possible default of the other party to the transaction; and illiquidity of the derivative investments. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative contract due to financial difficulties, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The derivatives used by the Fund may give rise to a form of leverage. The use of leverage may exaggerate any increase or decrease in the net asset value, causing the Fund to be more volatile. The use of leverage may also increase expenses and increase the impact of the Fund’s other risks. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions to satisfy its obligations or to meet collateral segregation requirements or regulatory requirements when it may not be advantageous to liquidate such positions, resulting in increased volatility of returns. Certain of the Fund’s transactions in derivatives could also affect the amount, timing, and character of distributions to shareholders, which may result in the Fund realizing more short-term capital gain and ordinary income subject to tax at ordinary income tax rates than it would if it did not engage in such transactions, which may adversely impact the Fund’s after-tax returns.

·
Emerging Markets Risk. The Fund’s investments in securities of issuers in emerging market countries are subject to all of the risks of foreign investing generally, and have additional heightened risks due to a lack of established legal, political, business, and social frameworks to support securities markets, including: delays in settling portfolio securities transactions; currency and capital controls; greater sensitivity to interest rate changes; pervasiveness of corruption and crime; currency exchange rate volatility; and inflation, deflation, or currency devaluation.

·
Equity Market Risk. The equity securities held in the Fund’s portfolio may experience sudden, unpredictable drops in value or long periods of decline in value. This may occur because of factors that affect securities markets generally or factors affecting specific issuers, industries, or sectors in which the Fund invests. The trading prices of equity securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Fund’s NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.

·
ETF Risks.

o
Authorized Participants (“APs”), Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk. The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, Shares may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.

o
Costs of Buying or Selling Shares. Due to the costs of buying or selling Shares, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of Shares may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in Shares may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.

o
Shares May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, Shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of Shares will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price of Shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount) due to supply and demand of Shares or during periods of market volatility. This risk is heightened in times of market volatility, periods of steep market declines, and periods when there is limited trading activity for Shares in the secondary market, in which case such premiums or discounts may be significant. Because securities held by the Fund may trade on foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund’s primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs.

o
Trading. Although Shares are listed for trading on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”), and may be traded on U.S. exchanges other than the Exchange, there can be no assurance that Shares will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock exchange. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than Shares.

·
ETVs Risk. The risks of owning interests of an ETV generally reflect the same risks as owning the underlying securities or other instruments that the ETV is designed to track. The shares of certain ETVs may trade at a premium or discount to their intrinsic value (i.e., the market value may differ from the net asset value of an ETV’s shares). For example, supply and demand for shares of an ETF or market disruptions may cause the market price of the ETF to deviate from the value of the ETF’s investments, which may be emphasized in less liquid markets. The value of an ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuer’s credit rating.  By investing in an ETV, the Fund indirectly bears the proportionate share of any fees and expenses of the ETV in addition to Fund’s direct fees and expenses. Additionally, trading in an ETV may be halted by the exchange on which it trades.

·
Fixed Income Securities Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments in fixed income securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities owned indirectly by the Fund. On the other hand, if rates fall, the value of the fixed income securities generally increases. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low rates and the effect of potential government fiscal policy initiatives and resulting market reaction to those initiatives. Below are several specific risks associated with investments in fixed income securities.

o
Call Risk. During periods of falling interest rates, an issuer of a callable bond held by the Fund may “call” or repay the security prior to its stated maturity, and the Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower interest rates, resulting in a decline in the Fund’s income.

o
Credit Risk. Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer of a security will not be able to make payments of interest and principal when due. Changes in an issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of an investment in that issuer.

o
Event Risk. Event risk is the risk that corporate issuers may undergo restructurings, such as mergers, leveraged buyouts, takeovers, or similar events financed by increased debt. As a result of the added debt, the credit quality and market value of a company’s bonds and/or other debt securities may decline significantly.

o
Extension Risk. When interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these securities to fall.

o
Interest Rate Risk. Generally, the value of fixed income securities will change inversely with changes in interest rates. As interest rates rise, the market value of fixed income securities tends to decrease. Conversely, as interest rates fall, the market value of fixed income securities tends to increase. This risk will be greater for long-term securities than for short-term securities. Changes in government intervention may have adverse effects on investments, volatility, and illiquidity in debt markets.

o
Maturity Risk.  The value of the Fund’s fixed income investments is also dependent on their maturity. Generally, the longer the maturity of a fixed income security, the greater its sensitivity to changes in interest rates.

o
Prepayment Risk. When interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more quickly than originally anticipated and the proceeds may have to be invested in securities with lower yields.

·
Foreign Securities Risk.  Investments in foreign securities involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities. For example, investments in foreign securities may be subject to risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. There may be less information publicly available about a non-U.S. issuer than a U.S. issuer. Non-U.S. issuers may be subject to different accounting, auditing, financial reporting and investor protection standards than U.S. issuers. The securities markets of foreign countries may be substantially smaller, less developed, less liquid and more volatile than the major securities markets in the United States and other developed nations. With respect to certain countries, there is the possibility of government intervention and expropriation or nationalization of assets. Investments in foreign securities also may be subject to withholding or other taxes and may be subject to additional trading, settlement, custodial, and operational risks. These and other factors can make investments in the Fund more volatile and potentially less liquid than other types of investments. These risks may be enhanced for securities of companies organized in emerging market nations.

·
Geographic Investment Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in the securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.

·
High-Yield Securities Risk. High-yield securities (also known as “junk bonds”) carry a greater degree of risk and are considered speculative by the major credit rating agencies. High-yield securities may be issued by companies that are restructuring, are smaller and less creditworthy, or are more highly indebted than other companies. This means that they may have more difficulty making scheduled payments of principal and interest. Changes in the value of high-yield securities are influenced more by changes in the financial and business position of the issuing company than by changes in interest rates when compared to investment grade securities. High-yield securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled. The Fund’s investments in high-yield securities expose it to a substantial degree of credit risk. These investments are considered speculative under traditional investment standards. Prices of high-yield securities will rise and fall primarily in response to actual or perceived changes in the issuer’s financial health, although changes in market interest rates also will affect prices. High-yield securities may experience reduced liquidity and sudden and substantial decreases in price.

·
Inflation-Linked Securities Risk. Inflation-linked securities have a tendency to react to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates represent nominal (stated) interest rates lowered by the anticipated effect of inflation. In general, the price of an inflation-linked security decreases when real interest rates increase, and increases when real interest rates decrease. The Fund’s income from its investments in these securities is likely to fluctuate more than the income distributions of its investments in more traditional fixed income securities.

·
Leveraged, Inverse, and Inverse-Leveraged ETF Risk. Leveraged, inverse, and inverse-leveraged ETFs expose a Fund to all of the risks that traditional ETFs present (see “ETF Risks” above). Leveraged ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a multiple of the performance of an underlying index (e.g., three times the performance). Inverse ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a negative (i.e., the opposite) of the performance of an underlying index. Leveraged inverse ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a negative multiple of the performance of an underlying index. All such ETFs rely to some degree, often extensively, on derivatives to achieve their objectives and, thus, the Fund is indirectly exposed to derivatives risk through its investments in these ETFs. Further, investments in leveraged, inverse, or inverse-leveraged ETFs are subject to the risk that the performance of such ETF will not correlate with the underlying index as intended. Leveraged, inverse, and inverse-leveraged ETFs often “reset” daily, meaning that they are designed to achieve their stated objectives on a daily basis. Due to the effect of compounding, their performance over longer periods of time can differ significantly from the performance (or inverse of the performance) of their underlying index or benchmark during the same period of time. This effect can be magnified in volatile markets. Consequently, these investment vehicles may be extremely volatile and can potentially expose a Fund to complete loss of its investment.

·
Management Risk. The Fund is actively-managed and may not meet its investment objective based on the Adviser’s or Sub-Adviser’s success or failure to implement investment strategies for the Fund. The Adviser’s evaluations and assumptions regarding asset classes and direct investments may not successfully achieve the Fund’s investment objective given actual market trends. The Adviser has not previously managed an ETF, which may increase the risks of investments in the Fund.

·
Models and Data Risk. The Adviser may utilize proprietary quantitative models as well as information and data supplied by third parties (“Models and Data”) in implementing the Fund’s principal investment strategies. When Models and Data prove to be incorrect or incomplete, any decisions made in reliance thereon may lead to the inclusion or exclusion of securities that would have been excluded or included had the Models and Data been correct and complete.

·
New Fund Risk. The Fund is a recently organized management investment company with no operating history. As a result, prospective investors have no track record or history on which to base their investment decision.

·
REIT Risk. A REIT is a company that owns or finances income-producing real estate. Through its investments in REITs, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in the real estate market, including decreases in property revenues, increases in interest rates, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, legal and regulatory changes, a lack of credit or capital, defaults by borrowers or tenants, environmental problems and natural disasters.

REITs are subject to additional risks, including those related to adverse governmental actions; declines in property value and the real estate market; the potential failure to qualify for tax-free pass through of income; and exemption from registration as an investment company. REITs are dependent upon specialized management skills and may invest in relatively few properties, a small geographic area, or a small number of property types. As a result, investments in REITs may be volatile. To the extent the Fund invests in REITs concentrated in specific geographic areas or property types, the Fund may be subject to a greater loss as a result of adverse developments affecting such area or property types. REITs are pooled investment vehicles with their own fees and expenses and the Fund will indirectly bear a proportionate share of those fees and expenses.

·
Sector Risk. To the extent the Fund invests more heavily in particular sectors of the economy, its performance will be especially sensitive to developments that significantly affect those sectors.

·
Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk. The Fund may invest in the securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund may be more volatile than funds that invest in larger, more established companies. The securities of small-and mid-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than larger capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. Small- and mid-capitalization companies may be particularly sensitive to changes in interest rates, government regulation, borrowing costs and earnings.

·
Sovereign Debt Securities Risk. Sovereign debt securities are subject to various risks in addition to those relating to debt securities and foreign securities generally, including, but not limited to, the risk that a governmental entity may be unwilling or unable to repay principal or interest on its sovereign debt, or otherwise meet its obligations when due, and the Fund may have limited recourse in the event of a default against the defaulting government. If a sovereign debtor defaults (or threatens to default) on its sovereign debt obligations, the indebtedness may be restructured. Some sovereign debtors have in the past been able to restructure their debt payments without the approval of some or all debt holders or to declare moratoria on payments.

·
U.S. Government Obligations Risk. Obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities receive varying levels of support and may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, which could affect the Fund’s ability to recover should they default. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies and authorities if it is not obligated by law to do so. Additionally, market prices and yields of securities supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or other countries may decline or be negative for short or long periods of time.
Performance
Performance information for the Fund is not included because the Fund did not have a full calendar year of performance prior to the date of this Prospectus. In the future, performance information for the Fund will be presented in this section. Updated performance information is available on the Fund’s website at www.gadsdenfunds.com.
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Label Element Value
Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF  
Risk/Return: rr_RiskReturnAbstract  
Risk/Return [Heading] rr_RiskReturnHeading Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF
Objective [Heading] rr_ObjectiveHeading Investment Objective
Objective, Primary [Text Block] rr_ObjectivePrimaryTextBlock
The Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF (the “Fund” or the “Growth Fund”) seeks total return.
Expense [Heading] rr_ExpenseHeading Fees and Expenses of the Fund
Expense Narrative [Text Block] rr_ExpenseNarrativeTextBlock
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund (“Shares”). This table and the example below do not include the brokerage commissions that investors may pay on their purchases and sales of Shares.
Operating Expenses Caption [Text] rr_OperatingExpensesCaption Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)
Portfolio Turnover [Heading] rr_PortfolioTurnoverHeading Portfolio Turnover
Portfolio Turnover [Text Block] rr_PortfolioTurnoverTextBlock
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. Because the Fund is newly organized, portfolio turnover information is not yet available.
Expense Exchange Traded Fund Commissions [Text] rr_ExpenseExchangeTradedFundCommissions This table and the example below do not include the brokerage commissions that investors may pay on their purchases and sales of Shares.
Other Expenses, New Fund, Based on Estimates [Text] rr_OtherExpensesNewFundBasedOnEstimates Estimated for the current fiscal year.
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, Based on Estimates [Text] rr_AcquiredFundFeesAndExpensesBasedOnEstimates Estimated for the current fiscal year.
Expense Example [Heading] rr_ExpenseExampleHeading Expense Example
Expense Example Narrative [Text Block] rr_ExpenseExampleNarrativeTextBlock
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same.
Expense Example by, Year, Caption [Text] rr_ExpenseExampleByYearCaption Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
Strategy [Heading] rr_StrategyHeading Principal Investment Strategies
Strategy Narrative [Text Block] rr_StrategyNarrativeTextBlock
The Fund is an actively-managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing (i) approximately 80% of its total assets with exposure to global equity securities generally based on a long-term view of macroeconomic factors (the “strategic sleeve”) and (ii) approximately 20% of its total assets to add or reduce exposure to one or more asset classes generally based on a short-term view of the market (the “tactical sleeve”). The Fund’s investment adviser, Gadsden, LLC (the “Adviser”), selects the global equity market segments and asset classes to be included in the strategic and tactical sleeves, respectively, rather than individual securities or other instruments. For each global equity market segment and asset class in which the Fund invests, the Fund’s sub-adviser will determine whether the Fund will invest directly in securities or other instruments of such market segment or asset class or indirectly through one or more pooled vehicles (e.g., other ETFs) that primarily invest in such securities or other instruments. Consequently, the Fund’s investments in other investment companies may range from 0% to 100% of the Fund’s portfolio.

The Fund’s strategic sleeve seeks to identify segments of the global equity market, including emerging markets, that are likely to grow in value over periods of several years. The strategic sleeve is expected to be predominantly invested to gain exposure to equity securities of certain countries, regions, sectors, industries, or market capitalizations based on the Adviser’s assessment of the long-term (typically more than three years) correlation of such segments to each other and their correlation and sensitivity to macroeconomic factors (e.g., inflation, employment, interest rates). The Fund may focus its investments in certain sectors, regions, or countries, and in companies of any market capitalization, which allocations may change over time. From time to time, the Fund’s strategic sleeve may be comprised of significantly more or less than 80% of the Fund’s total assets (e.g., when the Adviser believes that the Fund’s strategic sleeve is more or less likely to achieve greater total return than the tactical sleeve).

The Fund’s tactical sleeve is expected to be approximately 20% of the Fund’s total assets, which may increase or decrease depending on the market environment and investment opportunities perceived by the Adviser. The Fund’s tactical sleeve employs a shorter-term (typically less than three years) view of market opportunities and threats than the Fund’s strategic sleeve and is designed to adjust overall the portfolio risk/reward profile either higher or lower. The Adviser makes allocation decisions within the tactical sleeve based on its judgment of the projected investment environment for particular asset classes (e.g., currencies, equities, fixed income instruments, real assets, commodities), the attractiveness of each asset class, and expected future returns of each asset class. Within the tactical sleeve, the Fund may invest globally in any asset class, and may at times have significant exposure to a single asset class.

The Fund’s portfolio construction blends fundamental and quantitative methods to select investments across a variety of global asset classes, though the Fund is expected to be predominantly exposed to domestic or foreign equity securities. Other asset classes in the Fund’s tactical sleeve may include corporate, government (U.S. or foreign), inflation-linked, and high-yield debt instruments (also known as “junk” bonds); cash and cash equivalents; commodity interests (including foreign currencies, precious metals, and other physical or non-physical commodities); and real estate investment trusts (“REITs”). The Fund’s investments in fixed income instruments may include those of any maturity or credit quality. The Fund’s portfolio may also utilize inverse, leveraged, and inverse leveraged ETVs (defined below) to obtain exposure to one or more asset classes.

The Fund may gain exposure to an asset class selected by the Adviser by investing directly in securities or other instruments of such asset class or in a pooled vehicle that seeks to track the performance of such asset class (including ETFs, exchange-traded notes (“ETNs”), or exchange-traded commodities (“ETCs”) (collectively, exchange-traded vehicles (“ETVs”)).

The Fund may invest in futures contracts to gain long or short exposure to one or more asset classes. Investments in derivative instruments, such as futures, have the economic effect of creating financial leverage in the Fund’s portfolio because such investments may give rise to losses that exceed the amount the Fund has invested in those instruments. Financial leverage will magnify, sometimes significantly, the Fund’s exposure to any increase or decrease in prices associated with a particular reference asset resulting in increased volatility in the value of the Fund’s portfolio. To the extent the Fund invests in such derivative instruments, the value of the Fund’s portfolio is likely to experience greater volatility over short-term periods. While such financial leverage has the potential to produce greater gains, it also may result in greater losses, which in some cases may cause the Fund to liquidate other portfolio investments at a loss to comply with limits on leverage and asset segregation requirements imposed by the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) or to meet redemption requests.

The Fund will generally sell securities or other instruments when better opportunities become available or when seeking to adjust the weighting of the two sleeves in the Fund’s portfolio or the weighting of individual assets classes within a particular sleeve.
Risk [Heading] rr_RiskHeading Principal Investment Risks
Risk Narrative [Text Block] rr_RiskNarrativeTextBlock
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value per share (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return, and/or ability to meet its objectives. For more information about the risks of investing in the Fund, see the section in the Fund’s Prospectus, titled “Additional Information About the Funds — Principal Investment Risks.”

·
Cash and Cash Equivalents Risk. Holding cash or cash equivalents rather than securities or other instruments in which the Fund primarily invests, even strategically, may cause the Fund to risk losing opportunities to participate in market appreciation, and may cause the Fund to experience potentially lower returns than the Fund’s benchmark or other funds that remain fully invested. In rising markets, holding cash or cash equivalents will negatively affect the Fund’s performance relative to its benchmark.

·
Cash Redemption Risk. The Fund’s investment strategy may require it to redeem Shares for cash or to otherwise include cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be required to sell or unwind portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize a capital gain that it might not have recognized if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used.

·
Commodities Risk. The Fund’s exposure to investments in physical commodities subjects the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, such as stocks and bonds. Investing in physical commodities, including through ETCs or indirectly through commodity-linked derivative instruments, such as commodity-linked futures, forwards, and swaps, is speculative and can be extremely volatile. The commodities markets may fluctuate rapidly based on a variety of factors, including overall market movements; economic events and policies; changes in interest rates or inflation rates; changes in monetary and exchange control programs; war; acts of terrorism; natural disasters; and technological developments. Variables such as disease, drought, floods, weather, trade, embargoes, tariffs, and other political events, in particular, may have a larger impact on commodity prices than on traditional securities. The prices of commodities can also fluctuate widely due to supply and demand disruptions in major producing or consuming regions. Because certain commodities may be produced in a limited number of countries and may be controlled by a small number of producers, political, economic, and supply-related events in such countries could have a disproportionate impact on the prices of such commodities. These factors may affect the value of the Fund in varying ways, and different factors may cause the value and the volatility of the Fund to move in inconsistent directions at inconsistent rates. The current or “spot” prices of physical commodities may also affect, in a volatile and inconsistent manner, the prices of futures contracts in respect of the relevant commodity.

o
Commodity-Linked Derivatives Tax Risk. The tax treatment of commodity-linked derivative instruments may be adversely affected by changes in legislation, regulations, or other legally binding authority. As a RIC, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from certain qualifying sources of income under the Code. If, as a result of any adverse future legislation, U.S. Treasury regulations, and/or guidance issued by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), the income of the Fund from certain commodity-linked derivatives were treated as non-qualifying income, the Fund may fail to qualify as RIC and/or be subject to federal income tax at the Fund level. The uncertainty surrounding the treatment of certain derivative instruments under the qualification tests for a RIC may limit the Fund’s use of such derivative instruments.

·
Currency Risk. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies may affect the value of the Fund’s Instruments and the value of your Shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money.

·
Derivatives Risk. The Fund’s derivative investments have risks, including the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets or index; the loss of principal, including the potential loss of amounts greater than the initial amount invested in the derivative instrument; the possible default of the other party to the transaction; and illiquidity of the derivative investments. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative contract due to financial difficulties, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The derivatives used by the Fund may give rise to a form of leverage. The use of leverage may exaggerate any increase or decrease in the net asset value, causing the Fund to be more volatile. The use of leverage may also increase expenses and increase the impact of the Fund’s other risks. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions to satisfy its obligations or to meet collateral segregation requirements or regulatory requirements when it may not be advantageous to liquidate such positions, resulting in increased volatility of returns. Certain of the Fund’s transactions in derivatives could also affect the amount, timing, and character of distributions to shareholders, which may result in the Fund realizing more short-term capital gain and ordinary income subject to tax at ordinary income tax rates than it would if it did not engage in such transactions, which may adversely impact the Fund’s after-tax returns.

·
Emerging Markets Risk. The Fund’s investments in securities of issuers in emerging market countries are subject to all of the risks of foreign investing generally, and have additional heightened risks due to a lack of established legal, political, business, and social frameworks to support securities markets, including: delays in settling portfolio securities transactions; currency and capital controls; greater sensitivity to interest rate changes; pervasiveness of corruption and crime; currency exchange rate volatility; and inflation, deflation, or currency devaluation.

·
Equity Market Risk. The equity securities held in the Fund’s portfolio may experience sudden, unpredictable drops in value or long periods of decline in value. This may occur because of factors that affect securities markets generally or factors affecting specific issuers, industries, or sectors in which the Fund invests. The trading prices of equity securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Fund’s NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.

·
ETF Risks.

o
Authorized Participants (“APs”), Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk. The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, Shares may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.

o
Costs of Buying or Selling Shares. Due to the costs of buying or selling Shares, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of Shares may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in Shares may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.

o
Shares May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, Shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of Shares will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price of Shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount) due to supply and demand of Shares or during periods of market volatility. This risk is heightened in times of market volatility, periods of steep market declines, and periods when there is limited trading activity for Shares in the secondary market, in which case such premiums or discounts may be significant. Because securities held by the Fund may trade on foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund’s primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs.

o
Trading. Although Shares are listed for trading on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”), and may be traded on U.S. exchanges other than the Exchange, there can be no assurance that Shares will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock exchange. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than Shares.

·
ETVs Risk. The risks of owning interests of an ETV generally reflect the same risks as owning the underlying securities or other instruments that the ETV is designed to track. The shares of certain ETVs may trade at a premium or discount to their intrinsic value (i.e., the market value may differ from the net asset value of an ETV’s shares). For example, supply and demand for shares of an ETF or market disruptions may cause the market price of the ETF to deviate from the value of the ETF’s investments, which may be emphasized in less liquid markets. The value of an ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuer’s credit rating.  By investing in an ETV, the Fund indirectly bears the proportionate share of any fees and expenses of the ETV in addition to Fund’s direct fees and expenses. Additionally, trading in an ETV may be halted by the exchange on which it trades.

·
Fixed Income Securities Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments in fixed income securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities owned indirectly by the Fund. On the other hand, if rates fall, the value of the fixed income securities generally increases. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low rates and the effect of potential government fiscal policy initiatives and resulting market reaction to those initiatives. Below are several specific risks associated with investments in fixed income securities.

o
Call Risk. During periods of falling interest rates, an issuer of a callable bond held by the Fund may “call” or repay the security prior to its stated maturity, and the Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower interest rates, resulting in a decline in the Fund’s income.

o
Credit Risk. Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer of a security will not be able to make payments of interest and principal when due. Changes in an issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of an investment in that issuer.

o
Event Risk. Event risk is the risk that corporate issuers may undergo restructurings, such as mergers, leveraged buyouts, takeovers, or similar events financed by increased debt. As a result of the added debt, the credit quality and market value of a company’s bonds and/or other debt securities may decline significantly.

o
Extension Risk. When interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these securities to fall.

o
Interest Rate Risk. Generally, the value of fixed income securities will change inversely with changes in interest rates. As interest rates rise, the market value of fixed income securities tends to decrease. Conversely, as interest rates fall, the market value of fixed income securities tends to increase. This risk will be greater for long-term securities than for short-term securities. Changes in government intervention may have adverse effects on investments, volatility, and illiquidity in debt markets.

o
Maturity Risk.  The value of the Fund’s fixed income investments is also dependent on their maturity. Generally, the longer the maturity of a fixed income security, the greater its sensitivity to changes in interest rates.

o
Prepayment Risk. When interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more quickly than originally anticipated and the proceeds may have to be invested in securities with lower yields.

·
Foreign Securities Risk.  Investments in foreign securities involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities. For example, investments in foreign securities may be subject to risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. There may be less information publicly available about a non-U.S. issuer than a U.S. issuer. Non-U.S. issuers may be subject to different accounting, auditing, financial reporting and investor protection standards than U.S. issuers. The securities markets of foreign countries may be substantially smaller, less developed, less liquid and more volatile than the major securities markets in the United States and other developed nations. With respect to certain countries, there is the possibility of government intervention and expropriation or nationalization of assets. Investments in foreign securities also may be subject to withholding or other taxes and may be subject to additional trading, settlement, custodial, and operational risks. These and other factors can make investments in the Fund more volatile and potentially less liquid than other types of investments. These risks may be enhanced for securities of companies organized in emerging market nations.

·
Geographic Investment Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in the securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.

·
High-Yield Securities Risk. High-yield securities (also known as “junk bonds”) carry a greater degree of risk and are considered speculative by the major credit rating agencies. High-yield securities may be issued by companies that are restructuring, are smaller and less creditworthy, or are more highly indebted than other companies. This means that they may have more difficulty making scheduled payments of principal and interest. Changes in the value of high-yield securities are influenced more by changes in the financial and business position of the issuing company than by changes in interest rates when compared to investment grade securities. High-yield securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled. The Fund’s investments in high-yield securities expose it to a substantial degree of credit risk. These investments are considered speculative under traditional investment standards. Prices of high-yield securities will rise and fall primarily in response to actual or perceived changes in the issuer’s financial health, although changes in market interest rates also will affect prices. High-yield securities may experience reduced liquidity and sudden and substantial decreases in price.

·
Inflation-Linked Securities Risk. Inflation-linked securities have a tendency to react to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates represent nominal (stated) interest rates lowered by the anticipated effect of inflation. In general, the price of an inflation-linked security decreases when real interest rates increase, and increases when real interest rates decrease. The Fund’s income from its investments in these securities is likely to fluctuate more than the income distributions of its investments in more traditional fixed income securities.

·
Leveraged, Inverse, and Inverse-Leveraged ETF Risk. Leveraged, inverse, and inverse-leveraged ETFs expose a Fund to all of the risks that traditional ETFs present (see “ETF Risks” above). Leveraged ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a multiple of the performance of an underlying index (e.g., three times the performance). Inverse ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a negative (i.e., the opposite) of the performance of an underlying index. Leveraged inverse ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a negative multiple of the performance of an underlying index. All such ETFs rely to some degree, often extensively, on derivatives to achieve their objectives and, thus, the Fund is indirectly exposed to derivatives risk through its investments in these ETFs. Further, investments in leveraged, inverse, or inverse-leveraged ETFs are subject to the risk that the performance of such ETF will not correlate with the underlying index as intended. Leveraged, inverse, and inverse-leveraged ETFs often “reset” daily, meaning that they are designed to achieve their stated objectives on a daily basis. Due to the effect of compounding, their performance over longer periods of time can differ significantly from the performance (or inverse of the performance) of their underlying index or benchmark during the same period of time. This effect can be magnified in volatile markets. Consequently, these investment vehicles may be extremely volatile and can potentially expose a Fund to complete loss of its investment.

·
Management Risk. The Fund is actively-managed and may not meet its investment objective based on the Adviser’s or Sub-Adviser’s success or failure to implement investment strategies for the Fund. The Adviser’s evaluations and assumptions regarding asset classes and direct investments may not successfully achieve the Fund’s investment objective given actual market trends. The Adviser has not previously managed an ETF, which may increase the risks of investments in the Fund.

·
Models and Data Risk. The Adviser may utilize proprietary quantitative models as well as information and data supplied by third parties (“Models and Data”) in implementing the Fund’s principal investment strategies. When Models and Data prove to be incorrect or incomplete, any decisions made in reliance thereon may lead to the inclusion or exclusion of securities that would have been excluded or included had the Models and Data been correct and complete.

·
New Fund Risk. The Fund is a recently organized management investment company with no operating history. As a result, prospective investors have no track record or history on which to base their investment decision.

·
REIT Risk. A REIT is a company that owns or finances income-producing real estate. Through its investments in REITs, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in the real estate market, including decreases in property revenues, increases in interest rates, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, legal and regulatory changes, a lack of credit or capital, defaults by borrowers or tenants, environmental problems and natural disasters.

REITs are subject to additional risks, including those related to adverse governmental actions; declines in property value and the real estate market; the potential failure to qualify for tax-free pass through of income; and exemption from registration as an investment company. REITs are dependent upon specialized management skills and may invest in relatively few properties, a small geographic area, or a small number of property types. As a result, investments in REITs may be volatile. To the extent the Fund invests in REITs concentrated in specific geographic areas or property types, the Fund may be subject to a greater loss as a result of adverse developments affecting such area or property types. REITs are pooled investment vehicles with their own fees and expenses and the Fund will indirectly bear a proportionate share of those fees and expenses.

·
Sector Risk. To the extent the Fund invests more heavily in particular sectors of the economy, its performance will be especially sensitive to developments that significantly affect those sectors.

·
Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk. The Fund may invest in the securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund may be more volatile than funds that invest in larger, more established companies. The securities of small-and mid-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than larger capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. Small- and mid-capitalization companies may be particularly sensitive to changes in interest rates, government regulation, borrowing costs and earnings.

·
Sovereign Debt Securities Risk. Sovereign debt securities are subject to various risks in addition to those relating to debt securities and foreign securities generally, including, but not limited to, the risk that a governmental entity may be unwilling or unable to repay principal or interest on its sovereign debt, or otherwise meet its obligations when due, and the Fund may have limited recourse in the event of a default against the defaulting government. If a sovereign debtor defaults (or threatens to default) on its sovereign debt obligations, the indebtedness may be restructured. Some sovereign debtors have in the past been able to restructure their debt payments without the approval of some or all debt holders or to declare moratoria on payments.

·
U.S. Government Obligations Risk. Obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities receive varying levels of support and may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, which could affect the Fund’s ability to recover should they default. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies and authorities if it is not obligated by law to do so. Additionally, market prices and yields of securities supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or other countries may decline or be negative for short or long periods of time.
Risk Lose Money [Text] rr_RiskLoseMoney You can lose money on your investment in the Fund.
Bar Chart and Performance Table [Heading] rr_BarChartAndPerformanceTableHeading Performance
Performance Narrative [Text Block] rr_PerformanceNarrativeTextBlock
Performance information for the Fund is not included because the Fund did not have a full calendar year of performance prior to the date of this Prospectus. In the future, performance information for the Fund will be presented in this section. Updated performance information is available on the Fund’s website at www.gadsdenfunds.com.
Performance One Year or Less [Text] rr_PerformanceOneYearOrLess Performance information for the Fund is not included because the Fund did not have a full calendar year of performance prior to the date of this Prospectus.
Performance Availability Website Address [Text] rr_PerformanceAvailabilityWebSiteAddress www.gadsdenfunds.com
Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF | Gadsden Dynamic Growth ETF  
Risk/Return: rr_RiskReturnAbstract  
Management Fees rr_ManagementFeesOverAssets 0.59%
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees rr_DistributionAndService12b1FeesOverAssets none
Other Expenses rr_OtherExpensesOverAssets 0.02% [1]
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses rr_AcquiredFundFeesAndExpensesOverAssets 0.27% [1]
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses rr_ExpensesOverAssets 0.88%
Expense Example, with Redemption, 1 Year rr_ExpenseExampleYear01 $ 90
Expense Example, with Redemption, 3 Years rr_ExpenseExampleYear03 $ 281
[1] Estimated for the current fiscal year.
XML 11 R6.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v3.10.0.1
Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF
Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF
Investment Objective
The Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF (the “Fund” or the “Multi-Asset Fund”) seeks total return.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund (“Shares”). This table and the example below do not include the brokerage commissions that investors may pay on their purchases and sales of Shares.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)
Annual Fund Operating Expenses
Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF
Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF
Management Fees 0.59%
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees none
Other Expenses 0.01% [1]
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses 0.11% [1]
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 0.71%
[1] Estimated for the current fiscal year.
Expense Example
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same.
Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
Expense Example
1 Year
3 Years
Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF | Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF | USD ($) 73 227
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. Because the Fund is newly organized, portfolio turnover information is not yet available.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund is an actively-managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing (i) approximately 80% of its total assets with exposure to a variety of asset classes, geographies, and market capitalizations generally based on a long-term view of macroeconomic factors (the “strategic sleeve”) and (ii) approximately 20% of its total assets to add or reduce exposure to one or more asset classes generally based on a short-term view of the market (the “tactical sleeve”). The Fund’s investment adviser, Gadsden, LLC (the “Adviser”), selects the asset classes to be included in the strategic and tactical sleeves, rather than individual securities or other instruments. For each asset class in which the Fund invests, the Fund’s sub-adviser will determine whether the Fund will invest directly in securities or other instruments of such asset class or indirectly through one or more pooled vehicles (e.g., other ETFs) that primarily invest in such securities or other instruments. Consequently, the Fund’s investments in other investment companies may range from 0% to 100% of the Fund’s portfolio.

The Fund’s strategic sleeve invests in a variety of asset classes (e.g., currencies, equities, fixed income instruments, real assets, commodities), geographies (including emerging markets), and market capitalizations based on the Adviser’s assessment of the long-term (typically more than three years) correlation of such segments to each other and their correlation and sensitivity to macroeconomic factors (e.g., inflation, employment, interest rates). The Adviser considers such correlations in seeking to create a blend of investments across multiple asset classes that will grow in value across rising and falling markets. The Fund may focus its investments in certain asset classes, sectors, regions, or countries, and in companies of any market capitalization, which allocations may change over time. Additionally, the Fund may invest in assets classes that are considered lower-risk (e.g., inflation-linked bonds or fixed income securities), higher-risk (e.g., equities or real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), or a mix of both groups. From time to time, the Fund’s strategic sleeve may be comprised of significantly more or less than 80% of the Fund’s total assets (e.g., when the Adviser believes that the Fund’s strategic sleeve is more or less likely to achieve greater total return than the tactical sleeve).

The Fund’s tactical sleeve is expected to be approximately 20% of the Fund’s total assets, which may increase or decrease depending on the market environment and investment opportunities perceived by the Adviser. The Fund’s tactical sleeve employs a shorter-term (typically less than three years) view of market opportunities and threats than the Fund’s strategic sleeve and is designed to adjust the overall portfolio risk/reward profile either higher or lower. The Adviser makes allocation decisions within the tactical sleeve based on its judgment of the projected investment environment for particular asset classes, the attractiveness of each asset class, and expected future returns of each asset class. Within the tactical sleeve, the Fund may invest globally in any asset class and may at times have significant exposure to a single asset class.

The Fund’s portfolio construction blends fundamental and quantitative methods to select investments across a variety of global asset classes, including corporate, government (U.S. or foreign), inflation-linked, and high-yield debt instruments (also known as “junk” bonds); cash and cash equivalents; commodity interests (including foreign currencies, precious metals, and other physical or non-physical commodities); and REITs. The Fund’s investments in fixed income instruments may include those of any maturity or credit quality. The Fund’s portfolio may also utilize inverse, leveraged, and inverse leveraged ETVs (defined below) to obtain exposure to one or more asset classes.

The Fund may gain exposure to an asset class selected by the Adviser by investing directly in securities or other instruments of such asset class or in a pooled vehicle that seeks to track the performance of such asset class (including ETFs, exchange-traded notes (“ETNs”), or exchange-traded commodities (“ETCs”) (collectively, exchange-traded vehicles (“ETVs”)).

The Fund may invest in futures contracts to gain long or short exposure to one or more asset classes. Investments in derivative instruments, such as futures, have the economic effect of creating financial leverage in the Fund’s portfolio because such investments may give rise to losses that exceed the amount the Fund has invested in those instruments. Financial leverage will magnify, sometimes significantly, the Fund’s exposure to any increase or decrease in prices associated with a particular reference asset resulting in increased volatility in the value of the Fund’s portfolio. To the extent the Fund invests in such derivative instruments, the value of the Fund’s portfolio is likely to experience greater volatility over short-term periods. While such financial leverage has the potential to produce greater gains, it also may result in greater losses, which in some cases may cause the Fund to liquidate other portfolio investments at a loss to comply with limits on leverage and asset segregation requirements imposed by the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) or to meet redemption requests.

The Fund will generally sell securities or other instruments when better opportunities become available or when seeking to adjust the weighting of the two sleeves in the Fund’s portfolio or the weighting of individual assets classes within a particular sleeve.
Principal Investment Risks
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value per share (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objectives. For more information about the risks of investing in the Fund, see the section in the Fund’s Prospectus, titled “Additional Information About the Fund’s — Principal Investment Risks.”

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Cash and Cash Equivalents Risk. Holding cash or cash equivalents rather than securities or other instruments in which the Fund primarily invests, even strategically, may cause the Fund to risk losing opportunities to participate in market appreciation, and may cause the Fund to experience potentially lower returns than the Fund’s benchmark or other funds that remain fully invested. In rising markets, holding cash or cash equivalents will negatively affect the Fund’s performance relative to its benchmark.

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Cash Redemption Risk. The Fund’s investment strategy may require it to redeem Shares for cash or to otherwise include cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be required to sell or unwind portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize a capital gain that it might not have recognized if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used.

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Commodities Risk.  The Fund’s exposure to investments in physical commodities subjects the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, such as stocks and bonds. Investing in physical commodities, including through ETCs or commodity-linked derivative instruments, such as commodity-linked futures, forwards and swaps, is speculative and can be extremely volatile. The commodities markets may fluctuate rapidly based on a variety of factors, including overall market movements; economic events and policies; changes in interest rates or inflation rates; changes in monetary and exchange control programs; war; acts of terrorism; natural disasters; and technological developments. Variables such as disease, drought, floods, weather, trade, embargoes, tariffs and other political events, in particular, may have a larger impact on commodity prices than on traditional securities. The prices of commodities can also fluctuate widely due to supply and demand disruptions in major producing or consuming regions. Because certain commodities may be produced in a limited number of countries and may be controlled by a small number of producers, political, economic and supply-related events in such countries could have a disproportionate impact on the prices of such commodities. These factors may affect the value of the Fund in varying ways, and different factors may cause the value and the volatility of the Fund to move in inconsistent directions at inconsistent rates. The current or “spot” prices of physical commodities may also affect, in a volatile and inconsistent manner, the prices of futures contracts in respect of the relevant commodity.

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Commodity-Linked Derivatives Tax Risk. The tax treatment of commodity-linked derivative instruments may be adversely affected by changes in legislation, regulations, or other legally binding authority. As a RIC, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from certain qualifying sources of income under the Code. If, as a result of any adverse future legislation, U.S. Treasury regulations, and/or guidance issued by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), the income of the Fund from certain commodity-linked derivatives were treated as non-qualifying income, the Fund may fail to qualify as RIC and/or be subject to federal income tax at the Fund level. The uncertainty surrounding the treatment of certain derivative instruments under the qualification tests for a RIC may limit the Fund’s use of such derivative instruments.

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Currency Risk. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies may affect the value of the Underlying ETFs and the value of your Shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money.

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Derivatives Risk. The Fund’s derivative investments have risks, including the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets or index; the loss of principal, including the potential loss of amounts greater than the initial amount invested in the derivative instrument; the possible default of the other party to the transaction; and illiquidity of the derivative investments. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative contract due to financial difficulties, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The derivatives used by the Fund may give rise to a form of leverage. The use of leverage may exaggerate any increase or decrease in the net asset value, causing the Fund to be more volatile. The use of leverage may also increase expenses and increase the impact of the Fund’s other risks. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions to satisfy its obligations or to meet collateral segregation requirements or regulatory requirements when it may not be advantageous to liquidate such positions, resulting in increased volatility of returns. Certain of the Fund’s transactions in derivatives could also affect the amount, timing, and character of distributions to shareholders, which may result in the Fund realizing more short-term capital gain and ordinary income subject to tax at ordinary income tax rates than it would if it did not engage in such transactions, which may adversely impact the Fund’s after-tax returns.

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Emerging Markets Risk. The Fund’s investments in securities of issuers in emerging market countries are subject to all of the risks of foreign investing generally, and have additional heightened risks due to a lack of established legal, political, business, and social frameworks to support securities markets, including: delays in settling portfolio securities transactions; currency and capital controls; greater sensitivity to interest rate changes; pervasiveness of corruption and crime; currency exchange rate volatility; and inflation, deflation, or currency devaluation.

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Equity Market Risk. The equity securities held in the Fund’s portfolio may experience sudden, unpredictable drops in value or long periods of decline in value. This may occur because of factors that affect securities markets generally or factors affecting specific issuers, industries, or sectors in which the Fund invests. The trading prices of equity securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Fund’s NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.

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ETF Risks.

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Authorized Participants (“APs”), Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk. The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, Shares may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.

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Costs of Buying or Selling Shares. Due to the costs of buying or selling Shares, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of Shares may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in Shares may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.

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Shares May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, Shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of Shares will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price of Shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount) due to supply and demand of Shares or during periods of market volatility. This risk is heightened in times of market volatility, periods of steep market declines, and periods when there is limited trading activity for Shares in the secondary market, in which case such premiums or discounts may be significant. Because securities held by the Fund may trade on foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund’s primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs.

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Trading. Although Shares are listed for trading on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”), and may be traded on U.S. exchanges other than the Exchange, there can be no assurance that Shares will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock exchange. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than Shares.

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ETVs Risk. The risks of owning interests of an ETV generally reflect the same risks as owning the underlying securities or other instruments that the ETV is designed to track. The shares of certain ETVs may trade at a premium or discount to their intrinsic value (i.e., the market value may differ from the net asset value of an ETV’s shares). For example, supply and demand for shares of an ETF or market disruptions may cause the market price of the ETF to deviate from the value of the ETF’s investments, which may be emphasized in less liquid markets. The value of an ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuer’s credit rating.  By investing in an ETV, the Fund indirectly bears the proportionate share of any fees and expenses of the ETV in addition to Fund’s direct fees and expenses. Additionally, trading in an ETV may be halted by the exchange on which it trades.

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Fixed Income Securities Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments in fixed income securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities owned indirectly by the Fund. On the other hand, if rates fall, the value of the fixed income securities generally increases. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low rates and the effect of potential government fiscal policy initiatives and resulting market reaction to those initiatives. Below are several specific risks associated with investments in fixed income securities.

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Call Risk. During periods of falling interest rates, an issuer of a callable bond held by the Fund may “call” or repay the security prior to its stated maturity, and the Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower interest rates, resulting in a decline in the Fund’s income.

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Credit Risk. Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer of a security will not be able to make payments of interest and principal when due. Changes in an issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of an investment in that issuer.

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Event Risk. Event risk is the risk that corporate issuers may undergo restructurings, such as mergers, leveraged buyouts, takeovers, or similar events financed by increased debt. As a result of the added debt, the credit quality and market value of a company’s bonds and/or other debt securities may decline significantly.

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Extension Risk. When interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these securities to fall.

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Interest Rate Risk. Generally, the value of fixed income securities will change inversely with changes in interest rates. As interest rates rise, the market value of fixed income securities tends to decrease. Conversely, as interest rates fall, the market value of fixed income securities tends to increase. This risk will be greater for long-term securities than for short-term securities. Changes in government intervention may have adverse effects on investments, volatility, and illiquidity in debt markets.

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Maturity Risk.  The value of the Fund’s fixed income investments is also dependent on their maturity. Generally, the longer the maturity of a fixed income security, the greater its sensitivity to changes in interest rates.

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Prepayment Risk. When interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more quickly than originally anticipated and the proceeds may have to be invested in securities with lower yields.

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Foreign Securities Risk. Investments in foreign securities involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities. For example, investments in foreign securities may be subject to risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. There may be less information publicly available about a non-U.S. issuer than a U.S. issuer. Non-U.S. issuers may be subject to different accounting, auditing, financial reporting and investor protection standards than U.S. issuers. The securities markets of foreign countries may be substantially smaller, less developed, less liquid and more volatile than the major securities markets in the United States and other developed nations. With respect to certain countries, there is the possibility of government intervention and expropriation or nationalization of assets. Investments in foreign securities also may be subject to withholding or other taxes and may be subject to additional trading, settlement, custodial, and operational risks. These and other factors can make investments in the Fund more volatile and potentially less liquid than other types of investments. These risks may be enhanced for securities of companies organized in emerging market nations.

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Geographic Investment Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in the securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.

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High-Yield Securities Risk. High-yield securities (also known as “junk bonds”) carry a greater degree of risk and are considered speculative by the major credit rating agencies. High-yield securities may be issued by companies that are restructuring, are smaller and less creditworthy, or are more highly indebted than other companies. This means that they may have more difficulty making scheduled payments of principal and interest. Changes in the value of high-yield securities are influenced more by changes in the financial and business position of the issuing company than by changes in interest rates when compared to investment grade securities. High-yield securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled. The Fund’s investments in high-yield securities expose it to a substantial degree of credit risk. These investments are considered speculative under traditional investment standards. Prices of high-yield securities will rise and fall primarily in response to actual or perceived changes in the issuer’s financial health, although changes in market interest rates also will affect prices. High-yield securities may experience reduced liquidity and sudden and substantial decreases in price.

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Inflation-Linked Securities Risk.  Inflation-linked securities have a tendency to react to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates represent nominal (stated) interest rates lowered by the anticipated effect of inflation. In general, the price of an inflation-linked security decreases when real interest rates increase, and increases when real interest rates decrease. The Fund’s income from its investments in these securities is likely to fluctuate more than the income distributions of its investments in more traditional fixed income securities.

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Leveraged, Inverse, and Inverse-Leveraged ETF Risk. Leveraged, inverse, and inverse-leveraged ETFs expose a Fund to all of the risks that traditional ETFs present (see “ETF Risks” above). Leveraged ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a multiple of the performance of an underlying index (e.g., three times the performance). Inverse ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a negative (i.e., the opposite) of the performance of an underlying index. Leveraged inverse ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a negative multiple of the performance of an underlying index. All such ETFs rely to some degree, often extensively, on derivatives to achieve their objectives and, thus, the Fund is indirectly exposed to derivatives risk through its investments in these ETFs. Further, investments in leveraged, inverse, or inverse-leveraged ETFs are subject to the risk that the performance of such ETF will not correlate with the underlying index as intended. Leveraged, inverse, and inverse-leveraged ETFs often “reset” daily, meaning that they are designed to achieve their stated objectives on a daily basis. Due to the effect of compounding, their performance over longer periods of time can differ significantly from the performance (or inverse of the performance) of their underlying index or benchmark during the same period of time. This effect can be magnified in volatile markets. Consequently, these investment vehicles may be extremely volatile and can potentially expose a Fund to complete loss of its investment.

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Management Risk. The Fund is actively-managed and may not meet its investment objective based on the Adviser’s or Sub-Adviser’s success or failure to implement investment strategies for the Fund. The Adviser’s evaluations and assumptions regarding asset classes and direct investments may not successfully achieve the Fund’s investment objective given actual market trends. The Adviser has not previously managed an ETF, which may increase the risks of investments in the Fund.

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Models and Data Risk. The Adviser may utilize proprietary quantitative models as well as information and data supplied by third parties (“Models and Data”) in implementing the Fund’s principal investment strategies. When Models and Data prove to be incorrect or incomplete, any decisions made in reliance thereon may lead to the inclusion or exclusion of securities that would have been excluded or included had the Models and Data been correct and complete.

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New Fund Risk. The Fund is a recently organized management investment company with no operating history. As a result, prospective investors have no track record or history on which to base their investment decision.

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REIT Risk. A REIT is a company that owns or finances income-producing real estate. Through its investments in REITs, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in the real estate market, including decreases in property revenues, increases in interest rates, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, legal and regulatory changes, a lack of credit or capital, defaults by borrowers or tenants, environmental problems and natural disasters.

REITs are subject to additional risks, including those related to adverse governmental actions; declines in property value and the real estate market; the potential failure to qualify for tax-free pass through of income; and exemption from registration as an investment company. REITs are dependent upon specialized management skills and may invest in relatively few properties, a small geographic area, or a small number of property types. As a result, investments in REITs may be volatile. To the extent the Fund invests in REITs concentrated in specific geographic areas or property types, the Fund may be subject to a greater loss as a result of adverse developments affecting such area or property types. REITs are pooled investment vehicles with their own fees and expenses and the Fund will indirectly bear a proportionate share of those fees and expenses.

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Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk. The Fund may invest in the securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund may be more volatile than funds that invest in larger, more established companies. The securities of small-and mid-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than larger capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. Small- and mid-capitalization companies may be particularly sensitive to changes in interest rates, government regulation, borrowing costs and earnings.

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Sovereign Debt Securities Risk.  Sovereign debt securities are subject to various risks in addition to those relating to debt securities and foreign securities generally, including, but not limited to, the risk that a governmental entity may be unwilling or unable to repay principal or interest on its sovereign debt, or otherwise meet its obligations when due, and the Fund may have limited recourse in the event of a default against the defaulting government. If a sovereign debtor defaults (or threatens to default) on its sovereign debt obligations, the indebtedness may be restructured. Some sovereign debtors have in the past been able to restructure their debt payments without the approval of some or all debt holders or to declare moratoria on payments.

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U.S. Government Obligations Risk.  Obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities receive varying levels of support and may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, which could affect the Fund’s ability to recover should they default.  No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies and authorities if it is not obligated by law to do so. Additionally, market prices and yields of securities supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or other countries may decline or be negative for short or long periods of time.
Performance
Performance information for the International Fund is not included because the Fund did not have a full calendar year of performance prior to the date of this Prospectus. In the future, performance information for the Fund will be presented in this section. Updated performance information is available on the Fund’s website at www.gadsdenfunds.com.
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Label Element Value
Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF  
Risk/Return: rr_RiskReturnAbstract  
Risk/Return [Heading] rr_RiskReturnHeading Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF
Objective [Heading] rr_ObjectiveHeading Investment Objective
Objective, Primary [Text Block] rr_ObjectivePrimaryTextBlock
The Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF (the “Fund” or the “Multi-Asset Fund”) seeks total return.
Expense [Heading] rr_ExpenseHeading Fees and Expenses of the Fund
Expense Narrative [Text Block] rr_ExpenseNarrativeTextBlock
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund (“Shares”). This table and the example below do not include the brokerage commissions that investors may pay on their purchases and sales of Shares.
Operating Expenses Caption [Text] rr_OperatingExpensesCaption Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)
Portfolio Turnover [Heading] rr_PortfolioTurnoverHeading Portfolio Turnover
Portfolio Turnover [Text Block] rr_PortfolioTurnoverTextBlock
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. Because the Fund is newly organized, portfolio turnover information is not yet available.
Expense Exchange Traded Fund Commissions [Text] rr_ExpenseExchangeTradedFundCommissions This table and the example below do not include the brokerage commissions that investors may pay on their purchases and sales of Shares.
Other Expenses, New Fund, Based on Estimates [Text] rr_OtherExpensesNewFundBasedOnEstimates Estimated for the current fiscal year.
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, Based on Estimates [Text] rr_AcquiredFundFeesAndExpensesBasedOnEstimates Estimated for the current fiscal year.
Expense Example [Heading] rr_ExpenseExampleHeading Expense Example
Expense Example Narrative [Text Block] rr_ExpenseExampleNarrativeTextBlock
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same.
Expense Example by, Year, Caption [Text] rr_ExpenseExampleByYearCaption Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
Strategy [Heading] rr_StrategyHeading Principal Investment Strategies
Strategy Narrative [Text Block] rr_StrategyNarrativeTextBlock
The Fund is an actively-managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing (i) approximately 80% of its total assets with exposure to a variety of asset classes, geographies, and market capitalizations generally based on a long-term view of macroeconomic factors (the “strategic sleeve”) and (ii) approximately 20% of its total assets to add or reduce exposure to one or more asset classes generally based on a short-term view of the market (the “tactical sleeve”). The Fund’s investment adviser, Gadsden, LLC (the “Adviser”), selects the asset classes to be included in the strategic and tactical sleeves, rather than individual securities or other instruments. For each asset class in which the Fund invests, the Fund’s sub-adviser will determine whether the Fund will invest directly in securities or other instruments of such asset class or indirectly through one or more pooled vehicles (e.g., other ETFs) that primarily invest in such securities or other instruments. Consequently, the Fund’s investments in other investment companies may range from 0% to 100% of the Fund’s portfolio.

The Fund’s strategic sleeve invests in a variety of asset classes (e.g., currencies, equities, fixed income instruments, real assets, commodities), geographies (including emerging markets), and market capitalizations based on the Adviser’s assessment of the long-term (typically more than three years) correlation of such segments to each other and their correlation and sensitivity to macroeconomic factors (e.g., inflation, employment, interest rates). The Adviser considers such correlations in seeking to create a blend of investments across multiple asset classes that will grow in value across rising and falling markets. The Fund may focus its investments in certain asset classes, sectors, regions, or countries, and in companies of any market capitalization, which allocations may change over time. Additionally, the Fund may invest in assets classes that are considered lower-risk (e.g., inflation-linked bonds or fixed income securities), higher-risk (e.g., equities or real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), or a mix of both groups. From time to time, the Fund’s strategic sleeve may be comprised of significantly more or less than 80% of the Fund’s total assets (e.g., when the Adviser believes that the Fund’s strategic sleeve is more or less likely to achieve greater total return than the tactical sleeve).

The Fund’s tactical sleeve is expected to be approximately 20% of the Fund’s total assets, which may increase or decrease depending on the market environment and investment opportunities perceived by the Adviser. The Fund’s tactical sleeve employs a shorter-term (typically less than three years) view of market opportunities and threats than the Fund’s strategic sleeve and is designed to adjust the overall portfolio risk/reward profile either higher or lower. The Adviser makes allocation decisions within the tactical sleeve based on its judgment of the projected investment environment for particular asset classes, the attractiveness of each asset class, and expected future returns of each asset class. Within the tactical sleeve, the Fund may invest globally in any asset class and may at times have significant exposure to a single asset class.

The Fund’s portfolio construction blends fundamental and quantitative methods to select investments across a variety of global asset classes, including corporate, government (U.S. or foreign), inflation-linked, and high-yield debt instruments (also known as “junk” bonds); cash and cash equivalents; commodity interests (including foreign currencies, precious metals, and other physical or non-physical commodities); and REITs. The Fund’s investments in fixed income instruments may include those of any maturity or credit quality. The Fund’s portfolio may also utilize inverse, leveraged, and inverse leveraged ETVs (defined below) to obtain exposure to one or more asset classes.

The Fund may gain exposure to an asset class selected by the Adviser by investing directly in securities or other instruments of such asset class or in a pooled vehicle that seeks to track the performance of such asset class (including ETFs, exchange-traded notes (“ETNs”), or exchange-traded commodities (“ETCs”) (collectively, exchange-traded vehicles (“ETVs”)).

The Fund may invest in futures contracts to gain long or short exposure to one or more asset classes. Investments in derivative instruments, such as futures, have the economic effect of creating financial leverage in the Fund’s portfolio because such investments may give rise to losses that exceed the amount the Fund has invested in those instruments. Financial leverage will magnify, sometimes significantly, the Fund’s exposure to any increase or decrease in prices associated with a particular reference asset resulting in increased volatility in the value of the Fund’s portfolio. To the extent the Fund invests in such derivative instruments, the value of the Fund’s portfolio is likely to experience greater volatility over short-term periods. While such financial leverage has the potential to produce greater gains, it also may result in greater losses, which in some cases may cause the Fund to liquidate other portfolio investments at a loss to comply with limits on leverage and asset segregation requirements imposed by the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) or to meet redemption requests.

The Fund will generally sell securities or other instruments when better opportunities become available or when seeking to adjust the weighting of the two sleeves in the Fund’s portfolio or the weighting of individual assets classes within a particular sleeve.
Risk [Heading] rr_RiskHeading Principal Investment Risks
Risk Narrative [Text Block] rr_RiskNarrativeTextBlock
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value per share (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objectives. For more information about the risks of investing in the Fund, see the section in the Fund’s Prospectus, titled “Additional Information About the Fund’s — Principal Investment Risks.”

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Cash and Cash Equivalents Risk. Holding cash or cash equivalents rather than securities or other instruments in which the Fund primarily invests, even strategically, may cause the Fund to risk losing opportunities to participate in market appreciation, and may cause the Fund to experience potentially lower returns than the Fund’s benchmark or other funds that remain fully invested. In rising markets, holding cash or cash equivalents will negatively affect the Fund’s performance relative to its benchmark.

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Cash Redemption Risk. The Fund’s investment strategy may require it to redeem Shares for cash or to otherwise include cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be required to sell or unwind portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize a capital gain that it might not have recognized if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used.

·
Commodities Risk.  The Fund’s exposure to investments in physical commodities subjects the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, such as stocks and bonds. Investing in physical commodities, including through ETCs or commodity-linked derivative instruments, such as commodity-linked futures, forwards and swaps, is speculative and can be extremely volatile. The commodities markets may fluctuate rapidly based on a variety of factors, including overall market movements; economic events and policies; changes in interest rates or inflation rates; changes in monetary and exchange control programs; war; acts of terrorism; natural disasters; and technological developments. Variables such as disease, drought, floods, weather, trade, embargoes, tariffs and other political events, in particular, may have a larger impact on commodity prices than on traditional securities. The prices of commodities can also fluctuate widely due to supply and demand disruptions in major producing or consuming regions. Because certain commodities may be produced in a limited number of countries and may be controlled by a small number of producers, political, economic and supply-related events in such countries could have a disproportionate impact on the prices of such commodities. These factors may affect the value of the Fund in varying ways, and different factors may cause the value and the volatility of the Fund to move in inconsistent directions at inconsistent rates. The current or “spot” prices of physical commodities may also affect, in a volatile and inconsistent manner, the prices of futures contracts in respect of the relevant commodity.

o
Commodity-Linked Derivatives Tax Risk. The tax treatment of commodity-linked derivative instruments may be adversely affected by changes in legislation, regulations, or other legally binding authority. As a RIC, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from certain qualifying sources of income under the Code. If, as a result of any adverse future legislation, U.S. Treasury regulations, and/or guidance issued by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), the income of the Fund from certain commodity-linked derivatives were treated as non-qualifying income, the Fund may fail to qualify as RIC and/or be subject to federal income tax at the Fund level. The uncertainty surrounding the treatment of certain derivative instruments under the qualification tests for a RIC may limit the Fund’s use of such derivative instruments.

·
Currency Risk. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies may affect the value of the Underlying ETFs and the value of your Shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money.

·
Derivatives Risk. The Fund’s derivative investments have risks, including the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets or index; the loss of principal, including the potential loss of amounts greater than the initial amount invested in the derivative instrument; the possible default of the other party to the transaction; and illiquidity of the derivative investments. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative contract due to financial difficulties, the Fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The derivatives used by the Fund may give rise to a form of leverage. The use of leverage may exaggerate any increase or decrease in the net asset value, causing the Fund to be more volatile. The use of leverage may also increase expenses and increase the impact of the Fund’s other risks. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions to satisfy its obligations or to meet collateral segregation requirements or regulatory requirements when it may not be advantageous to liquidate such positions, resulting in increased volatility of returns. Certain of the Fund’s transactions in derivatives could also affect the amount, timing, and character of distributions to shareholders, which may result in the Fund realizing more short-term capital gain and ordinary income subject to tax at ordinary income tax rates than it would if it did not engage in such transactions, which may adversely impact the Fund’s after-tax returns.

·
Emerging Markets Risk. The Fund’s investments in securities of issuers in emerging market countries are subject to all of the risks of foreign investing generally, and have additional heightened risks due to a lack of established legal, political, business, and social frameworks to support securities markets, including: delays in settling portfolio securities transactions; currency and capital controls; greater sensitivity to interest rate changes; pervasiveness of corruption and crime; currency exchange rate volatility; and inflation, deflation, or currency devaluation.

·
Equity Market Risk. The equity securities held in the Fund’s portfolio may experience sudden, unpredictable drops in value or long periods of decline in value. This may occur because of factors that affect securities markets generally or factors affecting specific issuers, industries, or sectors in which the Fund invests. The trading prices of equity securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Fund’s NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.

·
ETF Risks.

o
Authorized Participants (“APs”), Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk. The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as APs. In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, Shares may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.

o
Costs of Buying or Selling Shares. Due to the costs of buying or selling Shares, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of Shares may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in Shares may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.

o
Shares May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, Shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of Shares will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price of Shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount) due to supply and demand of Shares or during periods of market volatility. This risk is heightened in times of market volatility, periods of steep market declines, and periods when there is limited trading activity for Shares in the secondary market, in which case such premiums or discounts may be significant. Because securities held by the Fund may trade on foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund’s primary listing exchange is open, the Fund is likely to experience premiums and discounts greater than those of domestic ETFs.

o
Trading. Although Shares are listed for trading on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”), and may be traded on U.S. exchanges other than the Exchange, there can be no assurance that Shares will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock exchange. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than Shares.

·
ETVs Risk. The risks of owning interests of an ETV generally reflect the same risks as owning the underlying securities or other instruments that the ETV is designed to track. The shares of certain ETVs may trade at a premium or discount to their intrinsic value (i.e., the market value may differ from the net asset value of an ETV’s shares). For example, supply and demand for shares of an ETF or market disruptions may cause the market price of the ETF to deviate from the value of the ETF’s investments, which may be emphasized in less liquid markets. The value of an ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuer’s credit rating.  By investing in an ETV, the Fund indirectly bears the proportionate share of any fees and expenses of the ETV in addition to Fund’s direct fees and expenses. Additionally, trading in an ETV may be halted by the exchange on which it trades.

·
Fixed Income Securities Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments in fixed income securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities owned indirectly by the Fund. On the other hand, if rates fall, the value of the fixed income securities generally increases. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low rates and the effect of potential government fiscal policy initiatives and resulting market reaction to those initiatives. Below are several specific risks associated with investments in fixed income securities.

o
Call Risk. During periods of falling interest rates, an issuer of a callable bond held by the Fund may “call” or repay the security prior to its stated maturity, and the Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower interest rates, resulting in a decline in the Fund’s income.

o
Credit Risk. Credit risk refers to the possibility that the issuer of a security will not be able to make payments of interest and principal when due. Changes in an issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of an investment in that issuer.

o
Event Risk. Event risk is the risk that corporate issuers may undergo restructurings, such as mergers, leveraged buyouts, takeovers, or similar events financed by increased debt. As a result of the added debt, the credit quality and market value of a company’s bonds and/or other debt securities may decline significantly.

o
Extension Risk. When interest rates rise, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more slowly than anticipated, causing the value of these securities to fall.

o
Interest Rate Risk. Generally, the value of fixed income securities will change inversely with changes in interest rates. As interest rates rise, the market value of fixed income securities tends to decrease. Conversely, as interest rates fall, the market value of fixed income securities tends to increase. This risk will be greater for long-term securities than for short-term securities. Changes in government intervention may have adverse effects on investments, volatility, and illiquidity in debt markets.

o
Maturity Risk.  The value of the Fund’s fixed income investments is also dependent on their maturity. Generally, the longer the maturity of a fixed income security, the greater its sensitivity to changes in interest rates.

o
Prepayment Risk. When interest rates fall, certain obligations will be paid off by the obligor more quickly than originally anticipated and the proceeds may have to be invested in securities with lower yields.

·
Foreign Securities Risk. Investments in foreign securities involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities. For example, investments in foreign securities may be subject to risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. There may be less information publicly available about a non-U.S. issuer than a U.S. issuer. Non-U.S. issuers may be subject to different accounting, auditing, financial reporting and investor protection standards than U.S. issuers. The securities markets of foreign countries may be substantially smaller, less developed, less liquid and more volatile than the major securities markets in the United States and other developed nations. With respect to certain countries, there is the possibility of government intervention and expropriation or nationalization of assets. Investments in foreign securities also may be subject to withholding or other taxes and may be subject to additional trading, settlement, custodial, and operational risks. These and other factors can make investments in the Fund more volatile and potentially less liquid than other types of investments. These risks may be enhanced for securities of companies organized in emerging market nations.

·
Geographic Investment Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in the securities of companies of a single country or region, it is more likely to be impacted by events or conditions affecting that country or region.

·
High-Yield Securities Risk. High-yield securities (also known as “junk bonds”) carry a greater degree of risk and are considered speculative by the major credit rating agencies. High-yield securities may be issued by companies that are restructuring, are smaller and less creditworthy, or are more highly indebted than other companies. This means that they may have more difficulty making scheduled payments of principal and interest. Changes in the value of high-yield securities are influenced more by changes in the financial and business position of the issuing company than by changes in interest rates when compared to investment grade securities. High-yield securities have greater volatility because there is less certainty that principal and interest payments will be made as scheduled. The Fund’s investments in high-yield securities expose it to a substantial degree of credit risk. These investments are considered speculative under traditional investment standards. Prices of high-yield securities will rise and fall primarily in response to actual or perceived changes in the issuer’s financial health, although changes in market interest rates also will affect prices. High-yield securities may experience reduced liquidity and sudden and substantial decreases in price.

·
Inflation-Linked Securities Risk.  Inflation-linked securities have a tendency to react to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates represent nominal (stated) interest rates lowered by the anticipated effect of inflation. In general, the price of an inflation-linked security decreases when real interest rates increase, and increases when real interest rates decrease. The Fund’s income from its investments in these securities is likely to fluctuate more than the income distributions of its investments in more traditional fixed income securities.

·
Leveraged, Inverse, and Inverse-Leveraged ETF Risk. Leveraged, inverse, and inverse-leveraged ETFs expose a Fund to all of the risks that traditional ETFs present (see “ETF Risks” above). Leveraged ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a multiple of the performance of an underlying index (e.g., three times the performance). Inverse ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a negative (i.e., the opposite) of the performance of an underlying index. Leveraged inverse ETFs seek to provide investment results that match a negative multiple of the performance of an underlying index. All such ETFs rely to some degree, often extensively, on derivatives to achieve their objectives and, thus, the Fund is indirectly exposed to derivatives risk through its investments in these ETFs. Further, investments in leveraged, inverse, or inverse-leveraged ETFs are subject to the risk that the performance of such ETF will not correlate with the underlying index as intended. Leveraged, inverse, and inverse-leveraged ETFs often “reset” daily, meaning that they are designed to achieve their stated objectives on a daily basis. Due to the effect of compounding, their performance over longer periods of time can differ significantly from the performance (or inverse of the performance) of their underlying index or benchmark during the same period of time. This effect can be magnified in volatile markets. Consequently, these investment vehicles may be extremely volatile and can potentially expose a Fund to complete loss of its investment.

·
Management Risk. The Fund is actively-managed and may not meet its investment objective based on the Adviser’s or Sub-Adviser’s success or failure to implement investment strategies for the Fund. The Adviser’s evaluations and assumptions regarding asset classes and direct investments may not successfully achieve the Fund’s investment objective given actual market trends. The Adviser has not previously managed an ETF, which may increase the risks of investments in the Fund.

·
Models and Data Risk. The Adviser may utilize proprietary quantitative models as well as information and data supplied by third parties (“Models and Data”) in implementing the Fund’s principal investment strategies. When Models and Data prove to be incorrect or incomplete, any decisions made in reliance thereon may lead to the inclusion or exclusion of securities that would have been excluded or included had the Models and Data been correct and complete.

·
New Fund Risk. The Fund is a recently organized management investment company with no operating history. As a result, prospective investors have no track record or history on which to base their investment decision.

·
REIT Risk. A REIT is a company that owns or finances income-producing real estate. Through its investments in REITs, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in the real estate market, including decreases in property revenues, increases in interest rates, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, legal and regulatory changes, a lack of credit or capital, defaults by borrowers or tenants, environmental problems and natural disasters.

REITs are subject to additional risks, including those related to adverse governmental actions; declines in property value and the real estate market; the potential failure to qualify for tax-free pass through of income; and exemption from registration as an investment company. REITs are dependent upon specialized management skills and may invest in relatively few properties, a small geographic area, or a small number of property types. As a result, investments in REITs may be volatile. To the extent the Fund invests in REITs concentrated in specific geographic areas or property types, the Fund may be subject to a greater loss as a result of adverse developments affecting such area or property types. REITs are pooled investment vehicles with their own fees and expenses and the Fund will indirectly bear a proportionate share of those fees and expenses.

·
Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk. The Fund may invest in the securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund may be more volatile than funds that invest in larger, more established companies. The securities of small-and mid-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than larger capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. Small- and mid-capitalization companies may be particularly sensitive to changes in interest rates, government regulation, borrowing costs and earnings.

·
Sovereign Debt Securities Risk.  Sovereign debt securities are subject to various risks in addition to those relating to debt securities and foreign securities generally, including, but not limited to, the risk that a governmental entity may be unwilling or unable to repay principal or interest on its sovereign debt, or otherwise meet its obligations when due, and the Fund may have limited recourse in the event of a default against the defaulting government. If a sovereign debtor defaults (or threatens to default) on its sovereign debt obligations, the indebtedness may be restructured. Some sovereign debtors have in the past been able to restructure their debt payments without the approval of some or all debt holders or to declare moratoria on payments.

·
U.S. Government Obligations Risk.  Obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities receive varying levels of support and may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, which could affect the Fund’s ability to recover should they default.  No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies and authorities if it is not obligated by law to do so. Additionally, market prices and yields of securities supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or other countries may decline or be negative for short or long periods of time.
Risk Lose Money [Text] rr_RiskLoseMoney You can lose money on your investment in the Fund.
Bar Chart and Performance Table [Heading] rr_BarChartAndPerformanceTableHeading Performance
Performance Narrative [Text Block] rr_PerformanceNarrativeTextBlock
Performance information for the International Fund is not included because the Fund did not have a full calendar year of performance prior to the date of this Prospectus. In the future, performance information for the Fund will be presented in this section. Updated performance information is available on the Fund’s website at www.gadsdenfunds.com.
Performance One Year or Less [Text] rr_PerformanceOneYearOrLess Performance information for the Fund is not included because the Fund did not have a full calendar year of performance prior to the date of this Prospectus.
Performance Availability Website Address [Text] rr_PerformanceAvailabilityWebSiteAddress www.gadsdenfunds.com
Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF | Gadsden Dynamic Multi-Asset ETF  
Risk/Return: rr_RiskReturnAbstract  
Management Fees rr_ManagementFeesOverAssets 0.59%
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees rr_DistributionAndService12b1FeesOverAssets none
Other Expenses rr_OtherExpensesOverAssets 0.01% [1]
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses rr_AcquiredFundFeesAndExpensesOverAssets 0.11% [1]
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses rr_ExpensesOverAssets 0.71%
Expense Example, with Redemption, 1 Year rr_ExpenseExampleYear01 $ 73
Expense Example, with Redemption, 3 Years rr_ExpenseExampleYear03 $ 227
[1] Estimated for the current fiscal year.
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Prospectus Date rr_ProspectusDate Nov. 16, 2018
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