10. Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Components of loss before income taxes

	Year ended December 31,
	2015			2014
Domestic (U.S.)	$	(7,724,418	)	$	(4,040,654	)
Foreign (U.K.)		(4,767,363	)		(10,003,427	)
Foreign (Germany)		(15,690	)		(263,023	)
Loss before income taxes	$	(12,507,471	)	$	(14,307,104	)

Reconciliation of income tax provision (benefit)

	Year ended December 31,
	2015			2014
Federal	$	(4,252,540	)	$	(4,860,256	)
State		(276,601	)		(145,209	)
Increase in tax losses not recognized		2,238,879			4,949,805
Permanent differences, net		800,891			(1,529,190	)
Mark to market		722,540			–
Foreign rate differential		502,357			1,184,770
Share-based payments, net		308,888			505,035
Other		–			7,273
Enhanced research and development tax credits		(44,414	)		(112,228	)
Net provision (benefit) for income taxes	$	–		$	–

Schedule of deferred tax assets and liabilities

	Year ended December 31,
	2015			2014
Deferred tax assets:
U.K. net operating loss carryforwards	$	9,402,398		$	9,198,798
U.K. capital loss carryforwards		1,775,932			1,874,254
U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards		1,659,050			923,816
Share-based payments		1,313,226			52,320
Enhanced research and development tax credits		852,272			786,342
Germany net operating loss carryforwards		401,906			393,638
U.S. state net operating loss carryforwards		422,622			233,825
Accrued expenses		44,557			157,329
Depreciation		25,823			37,703
Other		4,998			115,384
Total deferred tax assets before valuation allowance		15,902,784			13,773,409
Deferred tax liabilities:
Indefinite-lived intangible asset		(2,918,518	)		(3,080,096	)
Debt discount		(578,346	)		–
Total deferred tax liabilities		(3,496,864	)		(3,080,096	)
Less valuation allowance		(15,324,438	)		(13,773,409	)
Total net deferred tax liability	$	(2,918,518	)	$	(3,080,096	)

Uncertain tax benefits

	Year ended December 31,
	2015		2014
Uncertain tax benefits as of January 1	$	–	$	185,961
Gross adjustments in tax positions		–		(185,961	)
Uncertain tax positions as of December 31	$	–	$	–