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Risk Management and Derivative Instruments
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Derivative Instruments And Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Risk Management and Derivative Instruments

Note 6. Risk Management and Derivative Instruments

Derivative instruments are utilized to manage exposure to commodity price fluctuations and achieve a more predictable cash flow in connection with natural gas and oil sales from production and borrowing related activities. These instruments limit exposure to declines in prices, but also limit the benefits that would be realized if prices increase.

Certain inherent business risks are associated with commodity derivative contracts, including market risk and credit risk. Market risk is the risk that the price of natural gas or oil will change, either favorably or unfavorably, in response to changing market conditions. Credit risk is the risk of loss from nonperformance by the counterparty to a contract. It is our policy to enter into derivative contracts, only with creditworthy counterparties, which generally are financial institutions, deemed by management as competent and competitive market makers. Some of the lenders, or certain of their affiliates, under our previous and current credit agreements are counterparties to our derivative contracts. While collateral is generally not required to be posted by counterparties, credit risk associated with derivative instruments is minimized by limiting exposure to any single counterparty and entering into derivative instruments only with creditworthy counterparties that are generally large financial institutions. Additionally, master netting agreements are used to mitigate risk of loss due to default with counterparties on derivative instruments. We have also entered into International Swaps and Derivatives Association Master Agreements (“ISDA Agreements”) with each of our counterparties. The terms of the ISDA Agreements provide us and each of our counterparties with rights of set-off upon the occurrence of defined acts of default by either us or our counterparty to a derivative, whereby the party not in default may set-off all liabilities owed to the defaulting party against all net derivative asset receivables from the defaulting party. Had all counterparties failed completely to perform according to the terms of the existing contracts, we would have had the right to offset $99.1 million against amounts outstanding under our Revolving Credit Facility at March 31, 2020, reducing our maximum credit exposure to approximately $5.7 million, all of which was with one counterparty. See Note 8 for additional information regarding our Revolving Credit Facility.

Commodity Derivatives

We may use a combination of commodity derivatives (e.g., floating-for-fixed swaps, put options, costless collars and three-way collars) to manage exposure to commodity price volatility. We recognize all derivative instruments at fair value.

Subsequent Events. In April 2020, the company monetized a portion of its 2021 crude oil hedges for total cash proceeds of approximately $18.0 million.  

We enter into natural gas derivative contracts that are indexed to NYMEX-Henry Hub. We also enter into oil derivative contracts indexed to NYMEX-WTI. Our NGL derivative contracts are primarily indexed to OPIS Mont Belvieu.

At March 31, 2020, we had the following open commodity positions:

 

 

Remaining

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2021

 

 

2022

 

Natural Gas Derivative Contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fixed price swap contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average monthly volume (MMBtu)

 

650,000

 

 

 

487,500

 

 

 

300,000

 

Weighted-average fixed price

$

2.54

 

 

$

2.48

 

 

$

2.46

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Collar contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Two-way collars

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average monthly volume (MMBtu)

 

420,000

 

 

 

162,500

 

 

 

 

Weighted-average floor price

$

2.60

 

 

$

2.58

 

 

$

 

Weighted-average ceiling price

$

2.88

 

 

$

2.84

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Natural Gas Basis Swaps:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PEPL basis swaps:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average monthly volume (MMBtu)

 

600,000

 

 

 

500,000

 

 

 

 

Weighted-average spread

$

(0.46

)

 

$

(0.40

)

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Crude Oil Derivative Contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fixed price swap contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average monthly volume (Bbls)

 

209,300

 

 

 

116,250

 

 

 

30,000

 

Weighted-average fixed price

$

57.44

 

 

$

56.05

 

 

$

55.32

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Collar contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Two-way collars

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average monthly volume (Bbls)

 

14,300

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted-average floor price

$

55.00

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

Weighted-average ceiling price

$

62.10

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three-way collars

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average monthly volume (Bbls)

 

30,500

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted-average ceiling price

$

65.75

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

Weighted-average floor price

$

50.00

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

Weighted-average sub-floor price

$

40.00

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NGL Derivative Contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fixed price swap contracts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average monthly volume (Bbls)

 

65,450

 

 

 

22,800

 

 

 

 

Weighted-average fixed price

$

25.27

 

 

$

24.25

 

 

$

 

 

Interest Rate Swaps

Periodically, we enter into interest rate swaps to mitigate exposure to market rate fluctuations by converting variable interest rates such as those in our credit agreement to fixed interest rates. At March 31, 2020, we had the following interest rate swap open positions:

 

 

Remaining

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2020

 

 

2021

 

 

2022

 

Average Monthly Notional (in thousands)

$

125,000

 

 

$

125,000

 

 

$

75,000

 

Weighted-average fixed rate

 

1.612

%

 

 

1.612

%

 

 

1.281

%

Floating rate

1 Month LIBOR

 

 

1 Month LIBOR

 

 

1 Month LIBOR

 

 

Balance Sheet Presentation

The following table summarizes both: (i) the gross fair value of derivative instruments by the appropriate balance sheet classification even when the derivative instruments are subject to netting arrangements and qualify for net presentation in the balance sheet and (ii) the net recorded fair value as reflected on the balance sheet at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. There was no cash collateral received or pledged associated with our derivative instruments since most of the counterparties, or certain of their affiliates, to our derivative contracts are lenders under our credit agreement.

 

 

 

 

 

Asset Derivatives

 

 

Liability

Derivatives

 

 

Asset Derivatives

 

 

Liability

Derivatives

 

 

 

 

 

March 31,

 

 

March 31,

 

 

December 31,

 

 

December 31,

 

Type

 

Balance Sheet Location

 

2020

 

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

 

2019

 

 

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Commodity contracts

 

Short-term derivative instruments

 

$

83,477

 

 

$

4,139

 

 

$

11,518

 

 

$

5,887

 

Interest rate swaps

 

Short-term derivative instruments

 

 

 

 

 

1,621

 

 

 

248

 

 

 

253

 

Gross fair value

 

 

 

 

83,477

 

 

 

5,760

 

 

 

11,766

 

 

 

6,140

 

Netting arrangements

 

 

 

 

(5,070

)

 

 

(5,070

)

 

 

(5,887

)

 

 

(5,887

)

Net recorded fair value

 

Short-term derivative instruments

 

$

78,407

 

 

$

690

 

 

$

5,879

 

 

$

253

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commodity contracts

 

Long-term derivative instruments

 

$

28,036

 

 

$

513

 

 

$

6,990

 

 

$

973

 

Interest rate swaps

 

Long-term derivative instruments

 

 

 

 

 

1,981

 

 

 

347

 

 

 

305

 

Gross fair value

 

 

 

 

28,036

 

 

 

2,494

 

 

 

7,337

 

 

 

1,278

 

Netting arrangements

 

 

 

 

(581

)

 

 

(581

)

 

 

(973

)

 

 

(973

)

Net recorded fair value

 

Long-term derivative instruments

 

$

27,455

 

 

$

1,913

 

 

$

6,364

 

 

$

305

 

 

(Gains) Losses on Derivatives

We do not designate derivative instruments as hedging instruments for accounting and financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, all gains and losses, including changes in the derivative instruments’ fair values, have been recorded in the accompanying Unaudited Condensed Statements of Consolidated Operations. The following table details the gains and losses related to derivative instruments for the periods indicated (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

For the Three Months Ended

 

 

 

Statements of

 

March 31,

 

 

 

Operations Location

 

2020

 

 

2019

 

Commodity derivative contracts

 

(Gain) loss on commodity derivatives

 

$

(107,713

)

 

$

32,487

 

Interest rate derivatives

 

Interest expense, net

 

 

3,616

 

 

 

(94

)