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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Change in Segment Reporting
ASC 280, Segment Reporting, establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. During the second quarter of 2021, the Company changed the level of detail at which the Chief Executive Office ("CEO") as the Chief Operating Decision Maker, or "CODM", regularly reviews and manages certain metrics of its businesses The Company’s chief operating decision maker is the Chief Executive Officer, who reviews the financial performance and the results of operations of the segments prepared in accordance with GAAP when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Company. The Company has determined that it operates and reports in three segments: Indoor Intelligence, Saves and Shoom. See Note 28 for further details.
Liquidity
As of December 31, 2021, the Company has a working capital surplus of approximately $78.8 million, cash of approximately $52.5 million and short term investments of $43.1 million. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company incurred a net loss attributable to common stockholders of approximately $77.3 million The net loss includes a gain on the settlement of the Sysorex debt with the issuance of the Sysorex securities to the Company on April 14, 2021 offset by the unrealized loss on the related investment in equity securities as of December 31, 2021. See further details in Note 14 and Note 29.
On each of January 24, 2021, February 12, 2021 and February 16, 2021 the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with an institutional investor, pursuant to which the Company sold an aggregate of 15,800,000 shares of its common stock, warrants to purchase up to 44,305,088 shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $1.55 to $2.01 and
prefunded warrants to purchase up to 28,505,088 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.001 per share at purchase prices ranging from $1.549 to $2.01 per share. The Company raised net proceeds of $77.9 million after deduction of sales commissions and other offering expenses.
On September 13, 2021, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with certain institutional investors named therein, pursuant to which the Company sold in a registered direct offering (i) 58,750 shares of Series 7 Convertible Preferred Stock and (ii) related warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 47,000,000 shares of common stock. Each share of Series 7 Convertible Preferred Stock and the related Warrants were sold at a subscription amount of $920, representing an original issue discount of 8% of the stated value of each share of Series 7 Convertible Preferred Stock for an aggregate subscription amount of $54.1 million. The net proceeds to the Company from this offering was $50.6 million after placement agent commissions and other offering costs. See further breakdown in Note 21 - Capital Raises.
On March 3, 2020, the Company entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement (“EDA”) with Maxim Group LLC (“Maxim”) under which the Company may offer and sell shares of its common stock in connection with an at-the-market equity facility (“ATM”) in an aggregate offering amount of up to $50 million, which was increased on June 19, 2020 to $150 million pursuant to an amendment to the EDA, from time to time through Maxim, acting exclusively as the Company’s sales agent. The Company issued 33,416,830 shares of common stock during the year ended December 31, 2020 in connection with the ATM resulting in net proceeds to the Company of approximately $46.1 million after deduction of sales commissions and other offering expenses. The EDA was terminated by the parties on February 12, 2021.
On November 25, 2020, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with an institutional investor, pursuant to which it sold in a registered direct offering, 5,000,000 shares of its common stock, and warrants to purchase up to 8,000,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.25 per share (the “2020 Purchase Warrants”) for a combined purchase price of $1.25 per share and pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 3,000,000 shares of common stock ("2020 Pre-funded Warrants") at an exercise price of $0.001 per share at a purchase price of $1.249 per share for net proceeds of $9.2 million after deduction of sales commissions and other offering expenses.
Risks and Uncertainties
The Company cannot assure you that we will ever earn revenues sufficient to support our operations, or that we will ever be profitable. In order to continue our operations, we have supplemented the revenues we earned with proceeds from the sale of our equity and debt securities and proceeds from loans and bank credit lines. Our business has been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and may continue to be impacted. While we have been able to continue operations remotely, we have and continue to experience supply chain constraints and delays in the receipt of certain components of our products impacting delivery times for our products. We have also seen some impact in the demand of certain products and delays in certain projects and customer orders either because they require onsite services which could not be performed as a result of compliance with new rules and regulations resulting from the pandemic, customer facilities being partially or fully closed during the pandemic or because of the uncertainty of the customer’s financial position and ability to invest in our technology. Despite these challenges, including a decline in revenue for certain existing product lines, we were able to realize growth in total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021 when compared to the year ended 2020, as a result of the addition of new product lines including a full year of sales associated with our SAVES and RTLS product lines, the addition of the CXApp and Game Your Game product lines during the second quarter of 2021 and the addition of the IIoT product line in the fourth quarter of 2021. The total impact that COVID-19 will have on general economic conditions is continuously evolving and the impact it may continue to have on our results of operations continues to remain uncertain and there are no assurances that we will be able to continue to experience the same growth or not be materially adversely effected. The Company's recurring losses and utilization of cash in its operations are indicators of going concern however with the Company's current liquidity position, the Company believes it has the ability to mitigate such concerns for a period of at least one year from the date this financial statements were made issued.
Consolidations
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the accounting records of Inpixon, Inpixon Canada, Inpixon Germany, Inpixon UK, Nanotron, Intranav, Inpixon India, Game Your Game, and CXApp. All material inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during each of the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company’s significant estimates consist of:
the valuation of stock-based compensation;
the valuation of the assets and liabilities acquired of Sysat, Ten Degrees, Nanotron, Game your Game, Visualix, CXApp, and Intranav as described in Note 4 , Note 5, Note 6, Note 7 , Note 8, Note 9 and Note 10 respectively, as well as the valuation of the Company’s common shares issued in the transaction;
the allowance for credit losses;
the valuation of loans receivable;
the valuation of equity securities;
the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets; and
impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill.
Business Combinations
The Company accounts for business combinations under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805 “Business Combinations” using the acquisition method of accounting, and accordingly, the assets and liabilities of the acquired business are recorded at their fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value is recorded as goodwill. All acquisition costs are expensed as incurred. Upon acquisition, the accounts and results of operations are consolidated as of and subsequent to the acquisition date.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash, checking accounts, money market accounts and temporary investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had no cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable, net and Allowance for Credit Losses
Accounts receivables are stated at the amount the Company expects to collect. The Company recognizes an allowance for credit losses to ensure accounts receivables are not overstated due to un-collectability. Bad debt reserves are maintained for various customers based on a variety of factors, including the length of time the receivables are past due, significant one-time events and historical experience. An additional reserve for individual accounts is recorded when the Company becomes aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligation, such as in the case of bankruptcy filings, or deterioration in such customer’s operating results or financial position. If circumstances related to a customer change, estimates of the recoverability of receivables would be further adjusted. The Company has recorded an allowance for credit losses of approximately $0.3 million and $0.2 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Inventory
Finished goods are measured at the cost of manufactured products including direct materials and subcontracted services. Nanotron, states finished goods at the lower of cost and net realizable value on an average cost basis. As the inventory held by Nanotron is typically small dollar value items with small variances in price, an estimate or average is used to determine the balance of inventory. All other subsidiaries of the Company state inventory utilizing the first-in, first-out method. The Company
continually analyzes its slow-moving, excess and obsolete inventories. Based on historical and projected sales volumes and anticipated selling prices, the Company establishes reserves. If the Company does not meet its sales expectations, these reserves are increased. Products that are determined to be obsolete are written down to net realizable value. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had recorded an inventory obsolescence of approximately $0.4 million and $0.1 million, respectively.
Investments
Short-term investments
Investments with maturities greater than 90 days but less than one year are classified as short-term investments on the consolidated balance sheets and consist of U.S. Treasury Bills. Accrued interest on U.S. Treasury bills are also classified as short term investment.
Our short-term investments are considered available for use in current operations, are classified as available-for-sale securities. Available for sale securities are carried at fair value, with an unrealized gains and losses included in the other income (expense) line of the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company recorded unrealized losses of approximately $0.2 million for the year end December 31, 2021 which was included on the other income (expense) line in the consolidated statements of operations. No unrealized gain or loss was recorded on available for sale securities for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Mezzanine equity
When ordinary or preferred shares are determined to be conditionally redeemable upon the occurrence of certain events that are not solely within the control of the issuer, and upon such event, the shares would become redeemable at the option of the holders, they are classified as ‘mezzanine equity’ (temporary equity). The purpose of this classification is to convey that such a security may not be permanently part of equity and could result in a demand for cash, securities or other assets of the entity in the future.
Investment in equity securities- fair value
Investment securities—fair value consist primarily of investments in equity securities and are carried at fair value in accordance with ASC 321, Investments-Equity Securities (“ASC 321”). These securities are marked to market based on the respective publicly quoted market prices of the equity securities adjusted for liquidity, as necessary. These securities transactions are recorded on a trade date basis. Any unrealized appreciation or depreciation on investment securities is reported in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations within Unrealized Loss on Equity Securities. The Unrealized loss on equity securities was $57.1 million, and zero, for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Property and Equipment, net
Property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. The Company depreciates its property and equipment for financial reporting purposes using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from 3 to 10 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the useful life of the asset or the initial lease term. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs, which do not extend the economic useful life of the related assets, are charged to operations as incurred, and expenditures, which extend the economic life, are capitalized. When assets are retired, or otherwise disposed of, the costs and related accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss on disposal is recognized.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets primarily consist of developed technology, customer lists/relationships, non-compete agreements, intellectual property agreements, export licenses and trade names/trademarks. They are amortized ratably over a range of 1 to 15 years, which approximates customer attrition rate and technology obsolescence. The Company assesses the carrying value of its intangible assets for impairment each year. Based on its assessments, the Company did not incur any impairment charges for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Acquired In-Process Research and Development (“IPR&D”)
In accordance with authoritative guidance, the Company recognizes IPR&D at fair value as of the acquisition date, and subsequently accounts for it as an indefinite-lived intangible asset until completion or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts. Once an IPR&D project has been completed, the useful life of the IPR&D asset is determined and amortized accordingly. If the IPR&D asset is abandoned, the remaining carrying value is written off. During fiscal year 2014, the Company acquired IPR&D through the acquisition of AirPatrol, in 2015 through the acquisition of the assets of LightMiner, in 2019 through the acquisitions of Locality, Jibestream and certain assets of GTX, in 2020 through the SYSTAT licensing agreement, the acquisition of certain assets of Ten Degrees, and the acquisition of Nanotron, and in 2021 through the acquisitions of Game Your Game, certain assets of Visualix, CXApp and IntraNav. The Company's IPR&D is comprised of AirPatrol, LightMiner, Locality, Jibestream, GTX, SYSTAT, Ten Degrees, Nanotron, Game Your Game, Visualix, CXApp and IntraNav, which was valued on the date of the acquisition. It will take additional financial resources to continue development of these technologies.
The Company continues to seek additional resources, through both capital raising efforts and meeting with industry experts, for further development of these technologies. Through December 31, 2021, the Company has made some progress with raising capital since these acquisitions, building their pipeline and getting industry acknowledgment. The Company has been recognized by leading industry analysts in a report on leading indoor positioning companies and was also awarded the IoT Security Excellence award by TMC and Crossfire Media. Management remains focused on growing revenue from these products and continues to pursue efforts to recognize the value of the technologies. If the Company chooses to abandon these efforts, or if the Company determines that such funding is not available, the related IPR&D will be subject to significant impairment.
Goodwill
The Company tests goodwill for potential impairment at least annually, or more frequently if an event or other circumstance indicates that the Company may not be able to recover the carrying amount of the net assets of the reporting unit. The Company has determined that the reporting unit is the entire company, due to the integration of all of the Company’s activities. In evaluating goodwill for impairment, the Company may assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not (that is, a likelihood of more than 50%) that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the Company bypasses the qualitative assessment, or if the Company concludes that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then the Company performs a quantitative impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount.
The Company calculates the estimated fair value of a reporting unit using a weighting of the income and market approaches. For the income approach, the Company uses internally developed discounted cash flow models that include the following assumptions, among others: projections of revenues, expenses, and related cash flows based on assumed long-term growth rates and demand trends; expected future investments to grow new units; and estimated discount rates. For the market approach, the Company uses internal analyses based primarily on market comparables. The Company bases these assumptions on its historical data and experience, third party appraisals, industry projections, micro and macro general economic condition projections, and its expectations.
The Company performed the annual impairment test as of December 31, 2021 and has recorded impairment of goodwill of $14.8 million and zero during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Other Long Term Investments
The Company invests in certain equity-method investments: When the Company does not have a controlling financial interest in an entity but can exert significant influence over the entity’s operating and financial policies, the investment is accounted for either (i) under the equity method of accounting or (ii) at fair value by electing the fair value option available under U.S. GAAP. The Company accounted for its equity investment under the equity method of accounting, as the Company is deemed to have significant influence. The Company generally recognizes its share of the equity method investee’s earnings on a three-month lag in instances where the investee’s financial information is not sufficiently timely from the Company’s reporting period.
Software Development Costs
The Company develops and utilizes internal software for the processing of data provided by its customers. Costs incurred in this effort are accounted for under the provisions of ASC 350-40, "Internal Use Software" and ASC 985-20, "Software – Cost of Software to be Sold, Leased or Marketed", whereby direct costs related to development and enhancement of internal use software is capitalized, and costs related to maintenance are expensed as incurred. The Company capitalizes its direct internal costs of labor and associated employee benefits that qualify as development or enhancement. These software development costs are amortized over the estimated useful life which management has determined ranges from 1 to 5 years.
Research and Development
Research and development costs consist primarily of professional fees and compensation expense. All research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 were $14.1 million and $6.5 million, respectively.
Loans and Notes Receivable
The Company evaluates loans and notes receivable that don’t qualify as securities pursuant to ASC 310 – "Receivables", wherein such loans would first be classified as either “held for investment” or ‘held for sale”. Loans would be classified as “held for investment”, if the Company has the intent and ability to hold the loan for the foreseeable future, or to maturity or pay-off. Loans would be classified as “held for sale”, if the Company intends to sell the loan. Loan receivables classified as “held for investment” are carried on the balance sheet at their amortized cost and are periodically evaluated for impairment. Loan receivables classified as “held for sale” are carried on the balance sheet at the lower of their amortized cost or fair value, with a valuation allowance being recorded (with a corresponding income statement charge) if the amortized cost exceeds the fair value. For loans carried on the balance sheet at fair value, changes to the fair value amount that relate solely to the passage of time will be recorded as interest income.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Accordingly, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in the tax rate is recognized in income or expense in the period that the change is effective. Income tax benefits are recognized when it is probable that the deduction will be sustained. A valuation allowance is established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will either expire before the Company is able to realize the benefit, or that future deductibility is uncertain.
Non-Controlling Interest
The Company has an 82.5% equity interest in Inpixon India and a 55.4% equity interest in Game Your Game as of December 31, 2021. The portion of the Company’s equity attributable to this third party non-controlling interest was approximately $1.7 million and $41 thousand as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Foreign Currency Translation
Assets and liabilities related to the Company’s foreign operations are calculated using the Indian Rupee, Canadian Dollar, British Pound and Euro, and are translated at end-of-period exchange rates, while the related revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the period. Translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component of consolidated stockholders’ equity, totaling a gain/(loss) of approximately $(0.6) million and $0.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Gains or losses resulting from transactions denominated in foreign currencies are included in other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company engages in foreign currency denominated transactions with customers that operate in functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Aggregate foreign currency net transaction losses were not material for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The Company reports comprehensive income (loss) and its components in its consolidated financial statements. Comprehensive loss consists of net loss, foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains and losses from marketable securities, affecting stockholders’ (deficit) equity that, under GAAP, are excluded from net loss.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue when control is transferred of the promised products or services to its customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those products or services. The Company derives revenue from software as a service, design and implementation services for its Indoor Intelligence systems, and professional services for work performed in conjunction with its systems.
Hardware and Software Revenue Recognition

For sales of hardware and software products, the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time when they are shipped to the customer. This is when the customer has title to the product and the risks and rewards of ownership. The delivery of products to Inpixon's customers occurs in a variety of ways, including (i) as a physical product shipped from the Company’s warehouse, (ii) via drop-shipment by a third-party vendor, or (iii) via electronic delivery with respect to software licenses. The Company leverages drop-ship arrangements with many of its vendors and suppliers to deliver products to customers without having to physically hold the inventory at its warehouse. In such arrangements, the Company negotiates the sale price with the customer, pays the supplier directly for the product shipped, bears credit risk of collecting payment from its customers and is ultimately responsible for the acceptability of the product and ensuring that such product meets the standards and requirements of the customer. Accordingly, the Company is the principal in the transaction with the customer and records revenue on a gross basis. The Company receives fixed consideration for sales of hardware and software products. The Company’s customers generally pay within 30 to 60 days from the receipt of a customer approved invoice. The Company has elected the practical expedient to expense the costs of obtaining a contract when they are incurred because the amortization period of the asset that otherwise would have been recognized is less than a year.
Software As A Service Revenue Recognition
With respect to sales of the Company’s maintenance, consulting and other service agreements including the Company’s digital advertising and electronic services, customers pay fixed monthly fees in exchange for the Company’s service. The Company’s performance obligation is satisfied over time as the digital advertising and electronic services are provided continuously throughout the service period. The Company recognizes revenue evenly over the service period using a time-based measure because the Company is providing continuous access to its service.
Professional Services Revenue Recognition
The Company’s professional services include milestone, fixed fee and time and materials contracts.
Professional services under milestone contracts are accounted for using the percentage of completion method. As soon as the outcome of a contract can be estimated reliably, contract revenue is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations in proportion to the stage of completion of the contract. Contract costs are expensed as incurred. Contract costs include all amounts that relate directly to the specific contract, are attributable to contract activity, and are specifically chargeable to the customer under the terms of the contract.
Professional services are also contracted on the fixed fee and time and materials basis. Fixed fees are paid monthly, in phases, or upon acceptance of deliverables. The Company’s time and materials contracts are paid weekly or monthly based on hours worked. Revenue on time and material contracts is recognized based on a fixed hourly rate as direct labor hours are expended. Materials, or other specified direct costs, are reimbursed as actual costs and may include markup. The Company has elected the practical expedient to recognize revenue for the right to invoice because the Company’s right to consideration corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the performance completed to date. For fixed fee contracts including maintenance service provided by in house personnel, the Company recognizes revenue evenly over the service period using a time-based measure because the Company is providing continuous service. Because the Company’s contracts have an expected duration of one year or less, the Company has elected the practical expedient in ASC 606-10-50-14(a) to not disclose information about its remaining performance obligations. Anticipated losses are recognized as soon as they become known. For the years ended
December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company did not incur any such losses. These amounts are based on known and estimated factors.
License Revenue Recognition
The Company enters into contracts with its customers whereby it grants a non-exclusive on-premise license for the use of its proprietary software. The contracts provide for either (i) a one year stated term with a one year renewal option, (ii) a perpetual term or (iii) a two year term for students with the option to upgrade to a perpetual license at the end of the term. The contracts may also provide for yearly on-going maintenance services for a specified price, which includes maintenance services, designated support, and enhancements, upgrades and improvements to the software (the “Maintenance Services”), depending on the contract. Licenses for on-premises software provide the customer with a right to use the software as it exists when made available to the customer. All software provides customers with the same functionality and differ mainly in the duration over which the customer benefits from the software.
The timing of the Company's revenue recognition related to the licensing revenue stream is dependent on whether the software licensing agreement entered into represents a good or service. Software that relies on an entity’s IP and is delivered only through a hosting arrangement, where the customer cannot take possession of the software, is a service. A software arrangement that is provided through an access code or key represents the transfer of a good. Licenses for on-premises software represents a good and provide the customer with a right to use the software as it exists when made available to the customer. Customers may purchase perpetual licenses or subscribe to licenses, which provide customers with the same functionality and differ mainly in the duration over which the customer benefits from the software. Revenue from distinct on-premises licenses is recognized upfront at the point in time when the software is made available to the customer.
Renewals or extensions of licenses are evaluated as distinct licenses (i.e., a distinct good or service), and revenue attributed to the distinct good or service cannot be recognized until (1) the entity provides the distinct license (or makes the license available) to the customer and (2) the customer is able to use and benefit from the distinct license. Renewal contracts are not combined with original contracts, and, as a result, the renewal right is evaluated in the same manner as all other additional rights granted after the initial contract. The revenue is not recognized until the customer can begin to use and benefit from the license, which is typically at the beginning of the license renewal period. Therefore, the Company recognizes revenue resulting from renewal of licensed software at a point in time, specifically, at the beginning of the license renewal period.
The Company recognizes revenue related to Maintenance Services evenly over the service period using a time-based measure because the Company is providing continuous service and the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Company’s performance as the services are performed.
Contract Balances
The timing of the Company’s revenue recognition may differ from the timing of payment by its customers. The Company records a receivable when revenue is recognized prior to payment and the Company has an unconditional right to payment. Alternatively, when payment precedes the provision of the related services, the Company records deferred revenue until the performance obligations are satisfied. The Company had deferred revenue of approximately $4.8 million and $1.9 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, related to cash received in advance for product maintenance services and professional services provided by the Company’s technical staff. The Company expects to satisfy its remaining performance obligations for these maintenance services and professional services, and recognize the deferred revenue and related contract costs over the next twelve months.
Costs to Obtain a Contract
The Company recognizes eligible sales commissions as an asset as the commissions are an incremental cost of obtaining a contract with the customer and the Company expects to recover these costs. The capitalized costs are amortized over the expected contract term including any expected renewals.
Cost to Fulfill a Contract
The Company incurs costs to fulfill their obligations under a contract once it has obtained, but before transferring goods or services to the customer. These costs are recorded as an asset as these costs are an incremental cost of fulfilling the contract with the customer and the Company expects to recover these costs. The capitalized costs are amortized over the expected remaining contract term.
Shipping and Handling Costs
Shipping and handling costs are expensed as incurred as part of cost of revenues. These costs were deemed to be nominal during each of the reporting periods.
Advertising Costs
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. The Company incurred advertising costs, which are included in selling, general and administrative expenses of approximately $0.4 million and $1.3 million during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for options granted to employees by measuring the cost of services received in exchange for the award of equity instruments based upon the fair value of the award on the date of grant. The fair value of that award is then ratably recognized as an expense over the period during which the recipient is required to provide services in exchange for that award.
Options and warrants granted to consultants and other non-employees are recorded at fair value as of the grant date and subsequently adjusted to fair value at the end of each reporting period until such options and warrants vest, and the fair value of such instruments, as adjusted, is expensed over the related vesting period.
The Company measures the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. The fair value of the award is measured on the grant date and recognized over the period services are required to be provided in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. Forfeitures of unvested stock options are recorded when they occur.
The Company incurred stock-based compensation charges of approximately $10.9 million and $1.2 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, which are included in general and administrative expenses. Stock-based compensation charges are related to employee compensation and related benefits.
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
The Company computes basic and diluted earnings per share by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Basic and diluted net loss per common share were the same since the inclusion of common shares issuable pursuant to the exercise of options and warrants in the calculation of diluted net loss per common shares would have been anti-dilutive.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):
For the Years Ended December 31,
20212020
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to stockholders of Inpixon$(69,155)$(29,229)
Accretion of Series 7 preferred stock (8,161)— 
Net loss attributable to common stockholders $(77,316)$(29,229)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted 107,981,44128,800,493
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted $(0.72)$(1.01)
The following table summarizes the number of common shares and common share equivalents excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per common share for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:
For the Years Ended
December 31,
20212020
Options18,882,303 5,450,057 
Warrants96,398,338 8,093,250 
Convertible preferred stock39,400,846 846 
Earnout reserve11,061,939 — 
Totals165,743,426 13,544,153 

Preferred Stock
The Company relies on the guidance provided by ASC 480, "Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity", to classify certain redeemable and/or convertible instruments. Preferred shares subject to mandatory redemption are classified as liability instruments and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable preferred shares (including preferred shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) are classified as temporary equity. At all other times, preferred shares are classified as permanent equity.
The Company also follows the guidance provided by ASC 815 "Derivatives and Hedging", which states that contracts that are both, (1) indexed to its own stock and (2) classified in stockholders’ equity in its statement of financial position, are not classified as derivative instruments, and to be recorded under stockholder's equity on the balance sheet of the financial statements. Management assessed the preferred stock and determined that it did meet the scope exception under ASC 815, and would be recorded as equity, and not a derivative instrument, on the balance sheet of the Company's financial statements.
Fair Value Measurements

ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements, provides guidance on the development and disclosure of fair value measurements. The Company follows this authoritative guidance for fair value measurements, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The guidance requires fair value measurements be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets but corroborated by market data.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity and values determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant judgment or estimation.

Fair value measurements discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of and during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, notes receivable, accounts payable, and short-term debt. The Company determines the estimated fair value of such financial instruments presented in these financial statements using available market information and appropriate methodologies. These financial instruments, except for short-term debt, are stated at their respective historical carrying amounts, which approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. Short-term debt approximates market value based on similar terms available to the Company in the market place.
Carrying Value, Recoverability and Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company has adopted Section 360-10-35 of the FASB ASC for its long-lived assets. Pursuant to ASC Paragraph 360-10-35-17, an impairment loss shall be recognized only if the carrying amount of a long-lived asset (asset group) is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset (asset group) is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset (asset group). That assessment shall be based on the carrying amount of the asset (asset group) at the date it is tested for recoverability. An impairment loss shall be measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of a long-lived asset (asset group) exceeds its fair value. Pursuant to ASC Paragraph 360-10-35-20 if an impairment loss is recognized, the adjusted carrying amount of a long-lived asset shall be its new cost basis. For a depreciable long-lived asset, the new cost basis shall be depreciated (amortized) over the remaining useful life of that asset. Restoration of a previously recognized impairment loss is prohibited.
Pursuant to ASC Paragraph 360-10-35-21, the Company’s long-lived asset (asset group) is tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company considers the following to be some examples of such events or changes in circumstances that may trigger an impairment review: (a) significant decrease in the market price of a long-lived asset (asset group); (b) a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which a long-lived asset (asset group) is being used or in its physical condition; (c) a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate that could affect the value of a long-lived asset (asset group), including an adverse action or assessment by a regulator; (d) an accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition or construction of a long-lived asset (asset group); (e) a current-period operating or cash flow loss combined with a history of operating or cash flow losses or a projection or forecast that demonstrates continuing losses associated with the use of a long-lived asset (asset group); and (f) a current expectation that, more likely than not, a long-lived asset (asset group) will be sold or otherwise disposed of significantly before the end of its previously estimated useful life. The Company tests its long-lived assets for potential impairment indicators at least annually and more frequently upon the occurrence of such events.
Based on its assessments, the Company did not record any impairment charges for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Standards
In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2019-12, "Income Taxes (Topic 740) Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes" ("ASU 2019-12"), which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 209-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. ASU 2019-12 became effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2021. The new guidance was effective upon issuance of this final
accounting standards update. The Company has adopted this standard and the adoption did not have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

In October 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-10, "Codification Improvements" (ASU 2020-10"), which updates various codification topics by clarifying or improving disclosure requirements to align with the SEC's regulations. The effective date of the standard is for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020 for public entities. The Company adopted ASU 2020-10 as of the reporting period beginning January 1, 2021. The new guidance was effective upon issuance of this final accounting standards update. The Company has adopted this standard and the adoption did not have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures.'

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, "Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging— Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40)" ("ASU 2020-06"), which simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity, including convertible instruments and contracts on an entity’s own equity. ASU 2020-06 removes from U.S. GAAP the separation models for (1) convertible debt with a cash conversion feature ("CCF") and (2) convertible instruments with a beneficial conversion feature ("BCF"). As a result, after adopting the ASU’s guidance, entities will not separately present in equity an embedded conversion feature in such debt. Instead, they will account for a convertible debt instrument wholly as debt, and for convertible preferred stock wholly as preferred stock (i.e., as a single unit of account), unless (1) a convertible instrument contains features that require bifurcation as a derivative under ASC 815 or (2) a convertible debt instrument was issued at a substantial premium. ASU 2020-06 is effective for public business entities that meet the definition of an SEC filer, excluding entities eligible to be smaller reporting companies as defined by the SEC, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company will adopt the provisions of ASU 2020-06 effective January 1, 2022 and is currently assessing potential impacts.

In May 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-04, "Issuer's Accounting for Certain Modifications or Exchanges of Freestanding Equity Classified Written Call Options'" ("ASU 2021-04"), which introduces a new way for companies to account for warrants either as stock compensation or derivatives. Under the new guidance, if the modification does not change the instrument's classification as equity, the company accounts for the modification as an exchange of the original instrument for a new instrument. In general, if the fair value of the "new" instrument is greater than the fair value of the "original" instrument, the excess is recognized based on the substance of the transaction, as if the issuer has paid cash. The effective date of the standard is for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021 for all entities, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance and does not expect the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, "Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers" ("ASU 2021-08"), which addresses diversity in practice related to the accounting for revenue contracts with customers acquired in a business combination. Under the new guidance, the acquirer is required to apply Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in a business combination. The effective date of the standard is for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The effects of this change on the Company's financial statements have not yet been determined.

In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-10, "Government Assistance (Topic 832)" ("ASU 2021-10"), which provides guidance on disclosing government assistance. Under the new guidance, the Company is required to including the disclosure of (1) the types of assistance, (2) an entity's accounting for the assistance, and (3) the effect of the assistance on the entity's financial statements. The effective date of the standard is for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance and does not expect the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

Reverse Stock Split
On January 7, 2020, the Company effected a 1-for-45 reverse stock split of its outstanding common stock. The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes give effect to the reverse stock split as if it occurred at the beginning of the first period presented.