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Balance Sheet Components
 9 Months Ended
Apr. 30, 2020
Balance Sheet Related Disclosures [Abstract]  
Balance Sheet Components Balance Sheet Components
Accounts Receivables, Net
Accounts receivable, net consists of the following (in thousands):
April 30, 2020July 31, 2019
Accounts receivable$80,733  $139,884  
Allowance for doubtful accounts and revenue reserves(1,146) (1,441) 
Accounts receivable, net$79,587  $138,443  

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Revenue Reserves
Changes to the allowance for doubtful accounts and revenue reserves consists of the following (in thousands):
Allowance, July 31, 2019$1,441  
Charges to bad debt and revenue reserves190  
Write-offs, net(485) 
Allowance, April 30, 2020$1,146  
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following (in thousands):
April 30, 2020July 31, 2019
Prepaid expenses$16,773  $11,926  
Contract costs  8,232  7,015  
Deferred costs  7,428  7,030  
Deposits and other receivables  9,165  9,595  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets  $41,598  $35,566  

Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment, net consist of the following (in thousands):
April 30, 2020July 31, 2019
Computer hardware$17,422  $17,799  
Purchased software5,659  6,741  
Capitalized software development costs10,247  7,374  
Equipment and machinery11,381  10,455  
Furniture and fixtures9,369  8,137  
Leasehold improvements51,182  48,191  
      Total property and equipment105,260  98,697  
Less accumulated depreciation(39,799) (32,888) 
      Property and equipment, net$65,461  $65,809  
As of April 30, 2020 and July 31, 2019, no property and equipment was pledged as collateral. Depreciation expense, excluding the amortization of capitalized software development costs, was $3.8 million and $2.1 million for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and was $11.0 million and $6.5 million for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
The Company capitalizes software development costs for technology applications that the Company will offer solely as cloud-based subscriptions, which is primarily comprised of compensation for employees who are directly associated with the software development projects. The Company begins amortizing the capitalized software development costs once the technology applications are available for general release and amortizes those costs over the estimated lives of the applications, which typically ranges from three to five years. The Company recognized approximately $0.3 million and $0.3 million in amortization expense in cost of revenue - license and subscription on the condensed consolidated statements of operations during the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $0.8 million and $0.9 million during the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill was as follows (in thousands):
Goodwill, July 31, 2019$340,877  
Changes in carrying value—  
Goodwill, April 30, 2020$340,877  
The Company’s intangible assets, net are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):
April 30, 2020July 31, 2019
Remaining Weighted-Average Useful Life (in years)CostAccumulated AmortizationNet Book ValueCostAccumulated AmortizationNet Book Value
Intangible assets:
Acquired technology1.8$93,600  $68,664  $24,936  $93,600  $53,970  $39,630  
Customer contracts and related relationships4.035,700  17,016  18,684  35,700  12,566  23,134  
Partner relationships4.9200  91  109  200  74  126  
Trademarks4.52,500  893  1,607  2,500  625  1,875  
Order backlog0.88,700  8,005  695  8,700  6,923  1,777  
Total2.8$140,700  $94,669  $46,031  $140,700  $74,158  $66,542  

Amortization expense was $6.6 million and $7.3 million for the three months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and was $20.5 million and $21.9 million for the nine months ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The future amortization expense for existing intangible assets as of April 30, 2020, based on their current useful lives, is as follows (in thousands):
Amortization Expense
2020 (remainder of fiscal year)$6,324  
202119,965  
202211,143  
20233,799  
20242,379  
Thereafter2,421  
     Total future amortization expense$46,031  

Other assets
Other assets consist of the following (in thousands):
April 30, 2020July 31, 2019
Prepaid expenses$2,753  $2,640  
Contract costs  22,389  23,375  
Deferred costs  6,541  8,867  
Strategic investment  —  10,672  
Other assets  $31,683  $45,554  

The Company’s other assets includes a strategic equity investment in a privately-held company. The strategic investment is a non-marketable equity security, in which the Company does not have a controlling interest or the ability to exert significant influence. This investment does not have a readily determinable market value. The Company records this strategic investment at cost less impairment and adjusts cost for subsequent observable changes in fair value. The Company recognized an impairment charge of $10.7 million as of April 30, 2020 primarily due to liquidity constraints in the current economic environment.

Accrued Employee Compensation
Accrued employee compensation consists of the following (in thousands):
April 30, 2020July 31, 2019
Bonus$14,618  $37,628  
Commission3,117  10,317  
Vacation17,730  14,511  
Salaries, payroll taxes and benefits12,028  10,909  
     Accrued employee compensation$47,493  $73,365  

Other Current Liabilities
Other current liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):
April 30, 2020July 31, 2019
Lease liabilities$9,922  $—  
Accrued royalties4,700  5,573  
Accrued taxes2,790  4,413  
Other4,377  6,362  
Other current liabilities$21,789  $16,348