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Stock Awards
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Stock Awards
7. Stock Awards

Stock Awards

We have adopted the Second Amended and Restated Medical Properties Trust, Inc. 2004 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Equity Incentive Plan”), which authorizes the issuance of common stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, deferred stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance units and awards of interests in our Operating Partnership. The Equity Incentive Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. We have reserved 7,441,180 shares of common stock for awards under the Equity Incentive Plan for which 1,489,812 shares remain available for future stock awards as of December 31, 2012. The Equity Incentive Plan contains a limit of 1,000,000 shares as the maximum number of shares of common stock that may be awarded to an individual in any fiscal year. Awards under the Equity Incentive Plan are subject to forfeiture due to termination of employment prior to vesting. In the event of a change in control, outstanding and unvested options will immediately vest, unless otherwise provided in the participant’s award or employment agreement, and restricted stock, restricted stock units, deferred stock units and other stock-based awards will vest if so provided in the participant’s award agreement. The term of the awards is set by the Compensation Committee, though Incentive Stock Options may not have terms of more than ten years. Forfeited awards are returned to the Equity Incentive Plan and are then available to be re-issued as future awards. For each share of common stock issued by Medical Properties Trust, Inc. pursuant to its Equity Incentive Plan, the Operating Partnership issues a corresponding number of operating partnership units.

The following awards have been granted pursuant to our Equity Incentive Plan:

Stock Options.

At December 31, 2012, we had 60,000 options outstanding and exercisable, with a weighted-average exercise price of $10.00 per option. The intrinsic value of options exercisable and outstanding at December 31, 2012, is $-0-. In 2012, 50,000 options forfeited and 20,000 options were settled for cash in 2011. No options were granted or exercised in 2012, 2011, or 2010. The weighted average remaining contractual term of options exercisable and outstanding is 1.6 years.

Restricted Equity Awards

Other stock-based awards are in the form of service-based awards and performance-based awards. The service-based awards vest as the employee provides the required service over periods that range from three to seven years. Service based awards are valued at the average price per share of common stock on the date of grant. In 2012, 2011, 2010, and 2007, the Compensation Committee granted awards to employees which vest based on us achieving certain performance levels, stock price levels, total shareholder return or comparisons to peer total return indices. Generally, dividends are not paid on these performance awards until the award is earned. See below for details of such grants:

 

  - 2012 performance awards - The 2012 performance awards were granted in three parts:
  1) Approximately 30% of the 2012 performance awards are based on us achieving a simple 9.0% annual total shareholder return over a three year period; however, the award contains both carry forward and carry back provisions through December 31, 2016. The fair value of this award was estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo valuation model that assumed the following: risk free interest rate of 0.93%; expected volatility of 34%; expected dividend yield of 8.6%; and expected service period of 4 years.
  2)

Approximately 35% of the 2012 performance awards are based on us achieving a cumulative total shareholder return from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014. The minimum total shareholder return needed to earn a portion of this award is 27% with 100% of the award earned if our total shareholder return reaches 35%. If any shares are earned from this award, the shares will vest in equal annual amounts on January 1, 2015, 2016 and 2017. The fair value of this award was estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo valuation model that assumed the following: risk free interest rate of 0.43%; expected volatility of 35%; expected dividend yield of 8.6%; and expected service period of 5 years.

  3) The remainder of the 2012 performance awards will be earned if our total shareholder return outpaces that of the MSCI U.S. REIT Index (“Index”) over the cumulative period from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014. Our total shareholder return must exceed that of the Index to earn the minimum number of shares under this award, while it must exceed the Index by 6% to earn 100% of the award. If any shares are earned from this award, the shares will vest in equal annual amounts on January 1, 2015, 2016 and 2017. The fair value of this award was estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo valuation model that assumed the following: risk free interest rate of 0.43%; expected volatility of 35%; expected dividend yield of 8.6%; and expected service period of 5 years.

There were 92,094 of the 2012 performance awards earned in 2012. At December 31, 2012, we have 804,547 of 2012 performance awards remaining to be earned.

 

  - 2011 performance awards - The 2011 performance awards were granted in three parts:
  1) Approximately 30% of the 2011 performance awards are based on us achieving a simple 9.0% annual total shareholder return over a three year period; however, the award contains both carry forward and carry back provisions through December 31, 2015. The fair value of this award was estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo valuation model that assumed the following: risk free interest rate of 2.07%; expected volatility of 33%; expected dividend yield of 8.5%; and expected service period of 4 years.
  2) Approximately 18% of the 2011 performance awards are based on us achieving a cumulative total shareholder return from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013. The minimum total shareholder return needed to earn a portion of this award is 27% with 100% of the award earned if our total shareholder return reaches 39%. If any shares are earned from this award, the shares will vest in equal annual amounts on January 1, 2014, 2015 and 2016. The fair value of this award was estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo valuation model that assumed the following: risk free interest rate of 1.07%; expected volatility of 34%; expected dividend yield of 8.5%; and expected service period of 5 years.
  3) The remainder of the 2011 performance awards will be earned if our total shareholder return outpaces that of the Index over the cumulative period from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013. Our total shareholder return must exceed that of the Index to earn the minimum number of shares under this award, while it must exceed the Index by 12% to earn 100% of the award. If any shares are earned from this award, the shares will vest in equal annual amounts on January 1, 2014, 2015 and 2016. The fair value of this award was estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo valuation model that assumed the following: risk free interest rate of 1.07%; expected volatility of 34%; expected dividend yield of 8.5%; and expected service period of 5 years.

There were 147,256 of the 2011 performance awards earned in 2012, but none in 2011. At December 31, 2012, we have 684,851 of 2011 performance awards remaining to be earned

 

  - 2010 performance awards - The 2010 performance awards are based on us achieving a simple 9.5% annual total shareholder return over a three year period; however, the award contains both carry forward and carry back provisions through December 31, 2014. The fair value of this award was estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo valuation model that assumed the following: risk free interest rate of 2.60%; expected volatility of 42%; expected dividend yield of 8.5%; and expected service period of 4 years. There were 60,866 of the 2010 performance awards earned in 2010; with the remaining 121,733 earned in 2012. Because these awards were earned and vested quicker than we had expected, we were required to record an additional $0.4 million of stock compensation expense in the 2012 fourth quarter.

 

  - 2007 performance awards - The 2007 performance awards were granted under our 2007 Multi-year Incentive Plan and consist of two components: core performance awards (“CPRE”) and superior performance awards (“SPRE”). The CPRE awards vest annually and ratably over a seven-year period beginning December 31, 2007, contingent upon our achievement of a simple 9% annual total return to shareholders (prorated to 7.5% for the first vesting period ending December 31, 2007). In years in which the annual total return exceeds 9%, the excess return may be used to earn CPRE awards not earned in a prior or future year. SPRE awards were to be earned based on achievement of specified share price thresholds during the period beginning March 1, 2007 through December 31, 2010, and were to vest annually and ratably over the subsequent three-year period (2011-2013). At December 31, 2010, the share price thresholds were not met. Accordingly, in accordance with the SPRE award agreements, 33.334% of the SPRE awards were earned as we performed at or above the 50th percentile of all real estate investment trusts included in the Morgan Stanley REIT Index in terms of total return to shareholders over the same period. The other 66.666% of the SPRE awards were deemed forfeited.

In 2012, 79,283 of the CPRE awards were earned, but none in 2011. At December 31, 2012, we have 317,143 of CPRE awards remaining to be earned.

The following summarizes restricted equity awards activity in 2012 and 2011, respectively:

For the Year Ended December 31, 2012:

 

     Vesting Based
on Service
     Vesting Based on
Market/Performance
Conditions
 
     Shares     Weighted Average
Value at Award Date
     Shares     Weighted Average
Value at Award Date
 

Nonvested awards at beginning of the year

     603,980      $ 11.02         1,511,397      $ 7.21   

Awarded

     275,464      $ 10.14         902,359      $ 5.16   

Vested

     (410,261   $ 10.78         (513,693   $ 8.62   

Forfeited

     (2,300   $ 10.24         (20,174   $ 4.59   
  

 

 

      

 

 

   

Nonvested awards at end of year

     466,883      $ 10.72         1,879,889      $ 5.87   
  

 

 

      

 

 

   

For the Year Ended December 31, 2011:

 

     Vesting Based
on Service
     Vesting Based on
Market/Performance
Conditions
 
     Shares     Weighted Average
Value at Award Date
     Shares     Weighted Average
Value at Award Date
 

Nonvested awards at beginning of the year

     783,305      $ 10.43         828,409      $ 8.70   

Awarded

     292,803      $ 10.76         853,656      $ 5.72   

Vested

     (453,980   $ 9.89         (163,575   $ 6.87   

Forfeited

     (18,148   $ 9.70         (7,093   $ 9.32   
  

 

 

      

 

 

   

Nonvested awards at end of year

     603,980      $ 11.02         1,511,397      $ 7.21   
  

 

 

      

 

 

   

The value of stock-based awards is charged to compensation expense over the vesting periods. In the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, we recorded $7.6 million, $7.0 million, and $6.6 million respectively, of non-cash compensation expense. The remaining unrecognized cost from restricted equity awards at December 31, 2012, is $10.1 million and will be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.5 years. Restricted equity awards which vested in 2012, 2011, and 2010 had a value of $9.2 million, $6.1 million, and $6.1 million, respectively.