EARNINGS PER SHARE

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Basic earnings or loss per common share attributable to common shareholders is calculated by dividing net income or loss attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the reporting period. Treasury stock is excluded from the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings or loss per common share attributable to common shareholders is calculated to give effect to all potentially dilutive common shares that were outstanding during the reporting period, except in periods when there is a loss because the inclusion of the potential common shares would have an anti-dilutive effect. The dilutive effect of outstanding equity-based compensation awards is reflected in diluted earnings or loss per common share applicable to common shareholders by application of the treasury stock method using average market prices during the period.

Our calculation of diluted earnings or loss per share attributable to common shareholders reflects our intent to settle conversions of our convertible notes through a combination settlement, which contemplates repayment in cash of the principal amount and repayment in shares of our common stock of any excess of the conversion value over the principal amount (the “conversion premium”). Therefore, we include only the shares that may be issued with respect to any conversion premium in total dilutive weighted average shares outstanding, which we calculate using the treasury stock method based upon an average price per share for the period.

As of December 31, 2021, a conversion premium existed for our 2022 Convertible Notes, which had a dilutive impact on our diluted earnings per share as of December 31, 2021. No conversion premium for our 2022 Convertible Notes existed as of December 31, 2020 or December 31, 2019, and there was no dilutive impact on our diluted earnings per share as of December 31, 2020 or 2019. No conversion premium existed for our 2026 Convertible Notes as of December 31, 2021, and there was no dilutive impact on our diluted earnings per share as of December 31, 2021.

The shares issuable on exercise of the warrants sold in connection with the issuance of the our convertible notes will not impact the total dilutive weighted average shares outstanding unless and until the price of our common stock exceeds the respective strike price. If and when the price of our common stock exceeds the respective strike price of either of the warrants, we will include the dilutive effect of the additional shares that may be issued upon exercise of the warrants in total dilutive weighted average shares outstanding, which we calculate using the treasury stock method. The convertible note hedges purchased in connection with each issuance of the convertible notes are considered to be anti-dilutive and do not impact our calculation of diluted earnings per share attributable to common shareholders for any periods presented herein. See Footnote 16 “Debt” for further information on our convertible notes.

The table below illustrates the reconciliation of the earnings or loss and number of shares used in our calculation of basic and diluted earnings or loss per share attributable to common shareholders.



(in millions, except per share amounts)	2021(1)		2020		2019(1)
Computation of Basic Earnings or Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Shareholders
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders	$	49	$	(275)	$	138
Shares for basic earnings (loss) per share	42.5		41.3		43.9
Basic earnings (loss) per share	$	1.15	$	(6.65)	$	3.13
Computation of Diluted Earnings or Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Shareholders
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders	$	49	$	(275)	$	138
Shares for basic earnings (loss) per share	42.5		41.3		43.9
Effect of dilutive shares outstanding(2)
Employee SARs	0.2		—		0.3
Restricted stock units	0.5		—		0.3
2022 Convertible Notes	0.1		—		—

Shares for diluted earnings (loss) per share	43.3		41.3		44.5
Diluted earnings (loss) per share	$	1.13	$	(6.65)	$	3.09

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(1)The computations of diluted earnings per share attributable to common shareholders exclude approximately 166,000 and 345,000 shares of common stock, the maximum number of shares issuable as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2019, respectively, upon the vesting of certain performance-based awards, because the performance conditions required to be met for the shares subject to such awards to vest were not achieved by the end of the reporting period.

(2)For 2020, the following potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the above calculation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common shareholders during the periods presented, as the effects of including these securities would have been anti-dilutive.


(in millions)									2020
Employee SARs									0.1
Restricted stock units									0.3


									0.4

In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance for calculating earnings per share, for the year ended December 31, 2021, we excluded from our calculation of diluted earnings per share 126,804 shares underlying SARs that may settle in shares of common stock because the exercise price of $173.88 of such SARs was greater than the average market price for the period. For the year ended December 31, 2019, we excluded from our calculation of diluted earnings per share 56,649 shares underlying SARs that may settle in shares of common stock because the exercise price of $143.38 of such SARs was greater than the average market price for the period.