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Share-Based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Share-Based Compensation
SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
Long Term Incentive Plan
The PLC LTIP allows for the grant of awards of up to 25,665,448 ordinary shares for long-term compensation. The PLC LTIP is designed to align the interests of management and shareholders. The awards can be in the form of shares, options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, RSUs, performance awards, and other share-based awards to the employees, directors, consultants and advisors of the Company. The Company has awarded annual long-term grants of RSUs under the PLC LTIP in each year from 2012 to 2017 in order to align management compensation with Aptiv's overall business strategy. The Company has competitive and market-appropriate ownership requirements. All of the RSUs granted under the PLC LTIP are eligible to receive dividend equivalents for any dividend paid from the grant date through the vesting date. Dividend equivalents are generally paid out in ordinary shares upon vesting of the underlying RSUs. Historical amounts disclosed within this note include amounts attributable to the Company's discontinued operations, unless otherwise noted, and for activity prior to December 4, 2017 represent awards based on shares of Delphi Automotive PLC.
In connection with the Separation, the Company made adjustments to the number of unvested RSUs with the intention of preserving the intrinsic value of the recipient's awards prior to the Separation. Accordingly, the number of RSUs underlying each unvested award outstanding as of the date of the Separation was multiplied by a factor of 1.17, and the related grant date fair value was divided by a factor of 1.17, which resulted in no increase in the intrinsic value of awards outstanding. The RSUs continue to vest in accordance with their original vesting period. These adjustments to the Company’s share-based compensation awards did not result in additional compensation expense.
RSUs that were held by employees who transferred to Delphi Technologies in connection with the Separation were canceled and replaced by awards issued by Delphi Technologies. Employees remaining with the Company did not receive share-based compensation awards of Delphi Technologies as a result of the spin-off. Except for the conversion of awards, the material terms of the awards remained unchanged.
Board of Director Awards
On April 3, 2014, Aptiv granted 24,144 RSUs to the Board of Directors at a grant date fair value of approximately $2 million. The grant date fair value was determined based on the closing price of the Company's ordinary shares on April 3, 2014. The RSUs vested on April 22, 2015, and 24,482 ordinary shares, which included shares issued in connection with dividend equivalents, were issued to members of the Board of Directors at a fair value of approximately $2 million. 2,673 ordinary shares were withheld to cover the minimum U.K. withholding taxes.
On April 23, 2015, Aptiv granted 20,347 RSUs to the Board of Directors at a grant date fair value of approximately $2 million. The grant date fair value was determined based on the closing price of the Company's ordinary shares on April 23, 2015. The RSUs vested on April 27, 2016, and 24,542 ordinary shares, which included shares issued in connection with dividend equivalents, were issued to members of the Board of Directors at a fair value of approximately $2 million. 1,843 ordinary shares were withheld to cover the minimum U.K. withholding taxes.
On April 28, 2016, Aptiv granted 27,238 RSUs to the Board of Directors at a grant date fair value of approximately $2 million. The grant date fair value was determined based on the closing price of the Company's ordinary shares on April 28, 2016. The RSUs vested on April 26, 2017, and 26,580 ordinary shares, which included shares issued in connection with dividend equivalents, were issued to members of the Board of Directors at a fair value of approximately $2 million. 3,472 ordinary shares were withheld to cover the minimum U.K. withholding taxes.
On April 27, 2017, Aptiv granted 26,782 RSUs to the Board of Directors at a grant date fair value of approximately $2 million. The grant date fair value was determined based on the closing price of the Company's ordinary shares on April 27, 2017. The RSUs will vest on April 25, 2018, the day before the 2018 annual meeting of shareholders.
Executive Awards
Aptiv has made annual grants of RSUs to its executives in February of each year beginning in 2012. These awards include a time-based vesting portion and a performance-based vesting portion, as well as continuity awards in certain years. The time-based RSUs, which make up 25% of the awards for Aptiv’s officers and 50% for Aptiv’s other executives, vest ratably over three years beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date. The performance-based RSUs, which make up 75% of the awards for Aptiv’s officers and 50% for Aptiv’s other executives, vest at the completion of a three-year performance period if certain targets are met. Each executive will receive between 0% and 200% of his or her target performance-based award based on the Company’s performance against established company-wide performance metrics, which are:
Metric
2016 - 2017 Grant
 
 
2013 - 2015 Grants
Average return on net assets (1)
50%
 
 
50%
Cumulative net income
25%
 
 
N/A
Cumulative earnings per share (2)
N/A
 
 
30%
Relative total shareholder return (3)
25%
 
 
20%
(1)
Average return on net assets is measured by tax-affected operating income divided by average net working capital plus average net property, plant and equipment for each calendar year during the respective performance period.
(2)
Cumulative earnings per share is measured by net income attributable to Aptiv divided by the weighted average number of diluted shares outstanding for the respective three-year performance period.
(3)
Relative total shareholder return is measured by comparing the average closing price per share of the Company’s ordinary shares for all available trading days in the fourth quarter of the end of the performance period to the average closing price per share of the Company’s ordinary shares for all available trading days in the fourth quarter of the year preceding the grant, including dividends, and assessed against a comparable measure of competitor and peer group companies.
The details of the executive grants were as follows:
Grant Date
 
RSUs Granted
 
Grant Date Fair Value
 
Time-Based Award Vesting Dates
 
Performance-Based Award Vesting Date
 
 
(in millions)
 
 
 
 
February 2013
 
1.45

 
$
60

 
Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2014 - 2016
 
December 31, 2015
February 2014
 
0.78

 
53

 
Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2015 - 2017
 
December 31, 2016
February 2015
 
0.90

 
76

 
Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2016 - 2018
 
December 31, 2017
February 2016
 
0.71

 
48

 
Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2017 - 2019
 
December 31, 2018
February 2017
 
0.80

 
63

 
Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2018 - 2020
 
December 31, 2019

Any new executives hired after the annual executive RSU grant date may be eligible to participate in the PLC LTIP. Any off cycle grants made for new hires are valued at their grant date fair value based on the closing price of the Company's ordinary shares on the date of such grant.
The grant date fair value of the RSUs is determined based on the target number of awards issued, the closing price of the Company’s ordinary shares on the date of the grant of the award, including an estimate for forfeitures, and a contemporaneous valuation performed by an independent valuation specialist with respect to the relative total shareholder return awards.
In February 2015, under the time-based vesting terms of the 2012, 2013 and 2014 grants, 535,345 ordinary shares were issued to Aptiv executives at a fair value of approximately $42 million, of which 199,211 ordinary shares were withheld to cover minimum withholding taxes. The performance-based RSUs associated with the 2012 grant vested at the completion of a three-year performance period on December 31, 2014, and in the first quarter of 2015, 1,364,966 ordinary shares were issued to executives at a fair value of $107 million, of which 545,192 ordinary shares were withheld to cover minimum withholding taxes.
In February 2016, under the time-based vesting terms of the 2013, 2014 and 2015 grants, 395,744 ordinary shares were issued to Aptiv executives at a fair value of approximately $24 million, of which 146,726 ordinary shares were withheld to cover minimum withholding taxes. The performance-based RSUs associated with the 2013 grant vested at the completion of a three-year performance period on December 31, 2015, and in the first quarter of 2016, 1,265,339 ordinary shares were issued to executives at a fair value of approximately $77 million, of which 512,371 ordinary shares were withheld to cover minimum withholding taxes.
In February 2017, under the time-based vesting terms of the 2014, 2015 and 2016 grants, 248,008 ordinary shares were issued to Aptiv executives at a fair value of approximately $19 million, of which 88,807 ordinary shares were withheld to cover minimum withholding taxes. The performance-based RSUs associated with the 2014 grant vested at the completion of a three-year performance period on December 31, 2016, and in the first quarter of 2017, 797,210 ordinary shares were issued to executives at a fair value of approximately $60 million, of which 324,555 ordinary shares were withheld to cover minimum withholding taxes.
A summary of RSU activity, including award grants, vesting and forfeitures is provided below. For periods prior to the Separation, RSU activity and the corresponding weighted average grant date fair value is presented based on the awards of Delphi Automotive PLC RSUs.
 
RSUs
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
 
 
Nonvested, January 1, 2015
2,274

 
$
50.38

Granted
1,683

 
72.30

Vested
(1,774
)
 
42.45

Forfeited
(203
)
 
64.75

Nonvested, December 31, 2015
1,980

 
74.66

Granted
1,219

 
68.35

Vested
(1,241
)
 
65.91

Forfeited
(218
)
 
74.10

Nonvested, December 31, 2016
1,740

 
76.54

Granted
1,245

 
82.02

Vested
(980
)
 
73.01

Forfeited
(195
)
 
76.18

Adjustment due to Delphi Technologies Separation (1)
(3
)
 


Nonvested, December 31, 2017 (2)
1,807

 
68.66


(1)
Reflects the cancellation of awards outstanding as of the Distribution Date held by Delphi Technologies employees, which were converted to Delphi Technologies RSUs as part of the Separation, and the conversion of unvested RSUs for Aptiv employees in accordance with the conversion factor described above.
(2)
Nonvested RSUs and the corresponding weighted average grant date fair value as of December 31, 2017 presented on an Aptiv basis using the conversion factor described above in connection with the Separation.
As of December 31, 2017, there were approximately 618,000 Aptiv performance-based RSUs, with a weighted average grant date fair value of $72.20, that were vested but not yet distributed.
Aptiv recognized compensation expense from continuing operations of $62 million ($56 million, net of tax), $62 million ($54 million, net of tax) and $67 million ($58 million net of tax) based on the Company’s best estimate of ultimate performance against the respective targets during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Aptiv will continue to recognize compensation expense, based on the grant date fair value of the awards applied to the Company’s best estimate of ultimate performance against the respective targets, over the requisite vesting periods of the awards. Based on the grant date fair value of the awards and the Company’s best estimate of ultimate performance against the respective targets as of December 31, 2017, unrecognized compensation expense on a pretax basis of approximately $64 million is anticipated to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2 years. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, approximately $33 million, $40 million, and $59 million of cash was paid and reflected as a financing activity in the statements of cash flows related to the minimum statutory tax withholding for vested RSUs.