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Share-Based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Share-Based Compensation
SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
Long Term Incentive Plan
The PLC LTIP allows for the grant of awards of up to 22,977,116 ordinary shares for long-term compensation. The PLC LTIP is designed to align the interests of management and shareholders. The awards can be in the form of shares, options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, RSUs, performance awards, and other share-based awards to the employees, directors, consultants and advisors of the Company. The Company has awarded annual long-term grants of RSUs under the PLC LTIP in each year from 2012 to 2016 in order to align management compensation with Delphi's overall business strategy. The Company has competitive and market-appropriate ownership requirements. All of the RSUs granted under the PLC LTIP are eligible to receive dividend equivalents for any dividend paid from the grant date through the vesting date. Dividend equivalents are generally paid out in ordinary shares upon vesting of the underlying RSUs. Historical amounts disclosed within this note include amounts attributable to the Company's discontinued operations, unless otherwise noted.
Board of Director Awards
On April 25, 2013, Delphi granted 37,674 RSUs to the Board of Directors at a grant date fair value of approximately $2 million. The grant date fair value was determined based on the closing price of the Company's ordinary shares on April 25, 2013. The RSUs vested on April 2, 2014, and 38,179 ordinary shares, which included shares issued in connection with dividend equivalents, were issued to members of the Board of Directors at a fair value of approximately $3 million4,656 ordinary shares were withheld to cover the minimum U.K. withholding taxes.
On April 3, 2014, Delphi granted 24,144 RSUs to the Board of Directors at a grant date fair value of approximately $2 million. The grant date fair value was determined based on the closing price of the Company's ordinary shares on April 3, 2014. The RSUs vested on April 22, 2015, and 24,482 ordinary shares, which included shares issued in connection with dividend equivalents, were issued to members of the Board of Directors at a fair value of approximately $2 million. 2,673 ordinary shares were withheld to cover the minimum U.K. withholding taxes.
On April 23, 2015, Delphi granted 20,347 RSUs to the Board of Directors at a grant date fair value of approximately $2 million. The grant date fair value was determined based on the closing price of the Company's ordinary shares on April 23, 2015. The RSUs vested on April 27, 2016, and 24,542 ordinary shares, which included shares issued in connection with dividend equivalents, were issued to members of the Board of Directors at a fair value of approximately $2 million. 1,843 ordinary shares were withheld to cover the minimum U.K. withholding taxes.
On April 28, 2016, Delphi granted 27,238 RSUs to the Board of Directors at a grant date fair value of approximately $2 million. The grant date fair value was determined based on the closing price of the Company's ordinary shares on April 28, 2016. The RSUs will vest on April 26, 2017, the day before the 2017 annual meeting of shareholders.
Executive Awards
Delphi has made annual grants of RSUs to its executives in February of each year beginning in 2012. These awards include a time-based vesting portion and a performance-based vesting portion, as well as continuity awards in certain years. The time-based RSUs, which make up 25% of the awards for Delphi’s officers and 50% for Delphi’s other executives, vest ratably over three years beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date. The performance-based RSUs, which make up 75% of the awards for Delphi’s officers and 50% for Delphi’s other executives, vest at the completion of a three-year performance period if certain targets are met. Each executive will receive between 0% and 200% of his or her target performance-based award based on the Company’s performance against established company-wide performance metrics, which are:
Metric
2016 Grant
 
 
2013 - 2015 Grants
 
 
2012 Grant
Average return on net assets (1)
50%
 
 
50%
 
 
50%
Cumulative net income
25%
 
 
N/A
 
 
30%
Cumulative earnings per share (2)
N/A
 
 
30%
 
 
N/A
Relative total shareholder return (3)
25%
 
 
20%
 
 
20%
(1)
Average return on net assets is measured by tax-affected operating income divided by average net working capital plus average net property, plant and equipment for each calendar year during the respective performance period.
(2)
Cumulative earnings per share is measured by net income attributable to Delphi divided by the weighted average number of diluted shares outstanding for the respective three-year performance period.
(3)
Relative total shareholder return is measured by comparing the average closing price per share of the Company’s ordinary shares for all available trading days in the fourth quarter of the end of the performance period to the average closing price per share of the Company’s ordinary shares for all available trading days in the fourth quarter of the year preceding the grant, including dividends, and assessed against a comparable measure of competitor and peer group companies.
The details of the executive grants were as follows:
Grant Date
 
RSUs Granted
 
Grant Date Fair Value
 
Time-Based Award Vesting Dates
 
Performance-Based Award Vesting Date
 
 
(in millions)
 
 
 
 
February 2012
 
1.88

 
$
59

 
Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2013 - 2015
 
December 31, 2014
February 2013
 
1.45

 
60

 
Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2014 - 2016
 
December 31, 2015
February 2014
 
0.78

 
53

 
Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2015 - 2017
 
December 31, 2016
February 2015
 
0.90

 
76

 
Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2016 - 2018
 
December 31, 2017
February 2016
 
0.71

 
48

 
Annually on anniversary of grant date, 2017 - 2019
 
December 31, 2018

Any new executives hired after the annual executive RSU grant date may be eligible to participate in the PLC LTIP. Any off cycle grants made for new hires are valued at their grant date fair value based on the closing price of the Company's ordinary shares on the date of such grant.
The grant date fair value of the RSUs is determined based on the target number of awards issued, the closing price of the Company’s ordinary shares on the date of the grant of the award, including an estimate for forfeitures, and a contemporaneous valuation performed by an independent valuation specialist with respect to the relative total shareholder return awards.
In February 2014, under the time-based vesting terms of the 2012 and 2013 grants, 365,930 ordinary shares were issued to Delphi executives at a fair value of approximately $23 million, of which 131,913 ordinary shares were withheld to cover minimum withholding taxes.
In February 2015, under the time-based vesting terms of the 2012, 2013 and 2014 grants, 535,345 ordinary shares were issued to Delphi executives at a fair value of approximately $42 million, of which 199,211 ordinary shares were withheld to cover minimum withholding taxes. The performance-based RSUs associated with the 2012 grant vested at the completion of a three-year performance period on December 31, 2014, and in the first quarter of 2015, 1,364,966 ordinary shares were issued to Delphi executives at a fair value of $107 million, of which 545,192 ordinary shares were withheld to cover minimum withholding taxes.
In February 2016, under the time-based vesting terms of the 2013, 2014 and 2015 grants, 395,744 ordinary shares were issued to Delphi executives at a fair value of approximately $24 million, of which 146,726 ordinary shares were withheld to cover minimum withholding taxes. The performance-based RSUs associated with the 2013 grant vested at the completion of a three-year performance period on December 31, 2015, and in the first quarter of 2016, 1,265,339 ordinary shares were issued to Delphi executives at a fair value of approximately $77 million, of which 512,371 ordinary shares were withheld to cover minimum withholding taxes.
A summary of activity, including award grants, vesting and forfeitures is provided below:
 
RSUs
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
 
 
Nonvested, January 1, 2014
2,918

 
$
36.55

Granted
1,278

 
57.27

Vested
(1,736
)
 
33.14

Forfeited
(186
)
 
41.69

Nonvested, December 31, 2014
2,274

 
50.38

Granted
1,683

 
72.30

Vested
(1,774
)
 
42.45

Forfeited
(203
)
 
64.75

Nonvested, December 31, 2015
1,980

 
74.66

Granted
1,219

 
68.35

Vested
(1,241
)
 
65.91

Forfeited
(218
)
 
74.10

Nonvested, December 31, 2016
1,740

 
76.54


As of December 31, 2016, there were approximately 764,000 performance-based RSUs, with a weighted average grant date fair value of $70.07, that were vested but not yet distributed.
Delphi recognized compensation expense of $68 million ($59 million, net of tax), $72 million ($62 million, net of tax) and $76 million ($66 million net of tax) based on the Company’s best estimate of ultimate performance against the respective targets during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Delphi will continue to recognize compensation expense, based on the grant date fair value of the awards applied to the Company’s best estimate of ultimate performance against the respective targets, over the requisite vesting periods of the awards. Based on the grant date fair value of the awards and the Company’s best estimate of ultimate performance against the respective targets as of December 31, 2016, unrecognized compensation expense on a pretax basis of approximately $78 million is anticipated to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2 years. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, approximately $40 million, $59 million, and $8 million of cash was paid and reflected as a financing activity in the statements of cash flows related to the minimum statutory tax withholding for vested RSUs.