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FAIR VALUE
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value
NOTE 12.
 
FAIR VALUE
 
The framework
 
for using
 
fair value
 
to measure
 
assets and
 
liabilities
 
defines fair
 
value as the
 
price that
 
would be received
 
to sell an
asset or paid
 
to transfer
 
a liability
 
(an exit price).
 
A fair value
 
measure should
 
reflect the
 
assumptions
 
that market
 
participants
 
would use
 
in
pricing the
 
asset or liability,
 
including
 
the assumptions
 
about the
 
risk inherent
 
in a particular
 
valuation
 
technique,
 
the effect of
 
a restriction
on the sale
 
or use of
 
an asset and
 
the risk of
 
non-performance.
 
Required disclosures
 
include stratification
 
of balance
 
sheet amounts
measured at
 
fair value
 
based on
 
inputs the
 
Company uses
 
to derive
 
fair value
 
measurements.
 
These stratifications
 
are:
 
 
 
Level 1 valuations,
 
where the
 
valuation
 
is based on
 
quoted market
 
prices for
 
identical assets
 
or liabilities
 
traded in
 
active markets
(which include
 
exchanges and
 
over-the-counter
 
markets with
 
sufficient volume),
 
 
Level 2 valuations,
 
where the
 
valuation
 
is based on
 
quoted market
 
prices for
 
similar instruments
 
traded in
 
active markets,
 
quoted
prices for
 
identical or
 
similar instruments
 
in markets
 
that are not
 
active and
 
model-based
 
valuation
 
techniques
 
for which
 
all
significant
 
assumptions
 
are observable
 
in the market,
 
and
 
Level 3 valuations,
 
where the
 
valuation
 
is generated
 
from model-based
 
techniques
 
that use significant
 
assumptions
 
not
observable
 
in the market,
 
but observable
 
based on Company-specific
 
data. These
 
unobservable
 
assumptions
 
reflect the
Company’s own
 
estimates for
 
assumptions
 
that market
 
participants
 
would use
 
in pricing
 
the asset or
 
liability. Valuation
techniques
 
typically
 
include option
 
pricing models,
 
discounted
 
cash flow
 
models and
 
similar techniques,
 
but may also
 
include the
use of market
 
prices of assets
 
or liabilities
 
that are not
 
directly comparable
 
to the subject
 
asset or liability.
 
The Company's
 
RMBS, interest
 
rate swaps,
 
interest rate
 
swaptions,
 
U.S. Treasury
 
securities
 
and TBA securities
 
are valued
 
using
Level 2 valuations,
 
and such valuations
 
currently are
 
determined
 
by the Company
 
based on independent
 
pricing sources
 
and/or third
 
party
broker quotes,
 
when available.
 
Because the
 
price estimates
 
may vary, the Company
 
must make
 
certain judgments
 
and assumptions
 
about
the appropriate
 
price to use
 
to calculate
 
the fair values.
 
The Company
 
and the independent
 
pricing sources
 
use various
 
valuation
techniques
 
to determine
 
the price
 
of the Company’s
 
securities.
 
These techniques
 
include observing
 
the most recent
 
market for
 
like or
identical assets,
 
spread pricing
 
techniques
 
(option adjusted
 
spread, zero
 
volatility
 
spread, spread
 
to the U.S.
 
Treasury curve
 
or spread to
 
a
benchmark such
 
as a TBA),
 
and model driven
 
approaches
 
(the discounted
 
cash flow
 
method, Black
 
Scholes and
 
SABR models
 
which rely
upon observable
 
market rates
 
such as the
 
term structure
 
of interest
 
rates and
 
volatility).
 
The appropriate
 
spread pricing
 
method used
 
is
based on market
 
convention.
 
The pricing
 
source determines
 
the spread
 
of recently
 
observed trade
 
activity or
 
observable
 
markets for
assets similar
 
to those being
 
priced. The
 
spread is then
 
adjusted based
 
on variances
 
in certain
 
characteristics
 
between the
 
market
observation
 
and the asset
 
being priced.
 
Those characteristics
 
include: type
 
of asset, the
 
expected life
 
of the asset,
 
the stability
 
and
predictability
 
of the expected
 
future cash
 
flows of the
 
asset, whether
 
the coupon
 
of the asset
 
is fixed or
 
adjustable,
 
the guarantor
 
of the
security if
 
applicable,
 
the coupon,
 
the maturity, the
 
issuer, size of
 
the underlying
 
loans, year
 
in which
 
the underlying
 
loans were
 
originated,
loan to value
 
ratio, state
 
in which the
 
underlying
 
loans reside,
 
credit score
 
of the underlying
 
borrowers
 
and other
 
variables if
 
appropriate.
The fair value
 
of the security
 
is determined
 
by using the
 
adjusted spread.
 
 
RMBS (based
 
on the fair
 
value option),
 
interest rate
 
swaps, interest
 
rate swaptions,
 
U.S. Treasury
 
securities
 
and TBA securities
 
were
recorded at
 
fair value
 
on a recurring
 
basis during
 
the nine and
 
three months
 
ended September
 
30, 2020 and
 
2019. When
 
determining
 
fair
value measurements,
 
the Company
 
considers the
 
principal or
 
most advantageous
 
market in which
 
it would transact
 
and considers
assumptions
 
that market
 
participants
 
would use
 
when pricing
 
the asset.
 
When possible,
 
the Company
 
looks to active
 
and observable
markets to
 
price identical
 
assets.
 
When identical
 
assets are
 
not traded
 
in active markets,
 
the Company
 
looks to market
 
observable
 
data
for similar
 
assets.
 
The following
 
table presents
 
financial assets
 
(liabilities)
 
measured
 
at fair value
 
on a recurring
 
basis as of
 
September
 
30, 2020 and
December 31,
 
2019.
(in thousands)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Significant
Markets for
Other
Significant
Identical
 
Observable
Unobservable
Assets
Inputs
Inputs
(Level 1)
(Level 2)
(Level 3)
September 30, 2020
Mortgage-backed securities
$
-
$
3,540,367
$
-
Interest rate swaps
-
(26,636)
-
Interest rate swaptions
-
7,827
-
TBA securities
-
(246)
-
December 31, 2019
Mortgage-backed securities
$
-
$
3,590,921
$
-
Interest rate swaps
-
(20,146)
-
TBA securities
-
(512)
-
During the nine and three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, there were no transfers
 
of financial assets or liabilities
between levels 1, 2 or 3.