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Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
Notes  
Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

 

Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of our 85% owned subsidiary, Gulf + Western Industries, Inc. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.  Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the period presented.

 

We make our estimate of the ultimate outcome for these items based on historical trends and other information available when the financial statements are prepared. Changes in estimates are recognized in accordance with the accounting rules for the estimate, which is typically in the period when new information becomes available. We believe that our significant estimates, assumptions and judgments are reasonable, based upon information available at the time they were made. Actual results could differ from these estimates, making it possible that a change in these estimates could occur in the near term.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

We value our financial assets and liabilities using fair value measurements. Our financial instruments primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, amounts due to related parties and notes payable to related parties.  Fair value is based on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, notes payable to related parties and other amounts due to related parties approximates fair value because of the short-term nature of these financial instruments.

 

Concentrations of Credit Risk

 

Our financial instruments which potentially subject us to credit risk are our cash and cash equivalents. We maintain our cash and cash equivalents at reputable financial institutions and currently, we are not exposed to significant credit risk.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

We consider all amounts on deposit with financial institutions and highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

 

Mineral Rights

 

We have determined that our mineral rights meet the definition of mineral rights, as defined by accounting standards, and are tangible assets. As a result, our direct costs to acquire or lease mineral rights are initially capitalized as tangible assets. Mineral rights include costs associated with: leasing or acquiring patented and unpatented mining claims; leasing mining rights including lease signature bonuses, lease rental payments and advance minimum royalty payments; and options to purchase or lease mineral properties.

 

If we establish proven and probable reserves for a mineral property and establish that the mineral property can be economically developed, mineral rights will be amortized over the estimated useful life of the property following the commencement of commercial production or expensed if it is determined that the mineral property has no future economic value or if the property is sold or abandoned. For mineral rights in which proven and probable reserves have not yet been established, we assess the carrying values for impairment at the end of each reporting period and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

 

The net carrying value of our mineral rights represents the fair value at the time the mineral rights were acquired less accumulated depletion and any abandonment or impairment losses. Proven and probable reserves have not been established for mineral rights as of December 31, 2015.  At December 31, 2015 mineral rights totaling $323,200 were net of $117,857 of impairment and abandonment charges.

 

Impairment of Long-lived Assets and Mining Rights

 

We continually monitor events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that our carrying amounts of long-lived assets, including mineral rights, may not be recoverable. When such events or changes in circumstances occur, we assess the recoverability of long-lived assets by determining whether the carrying value of such assets will be recovered through their undiscounted expected future cash flow. If the future undiscounted cash flow is less than the carrying amount of these assets, we recognize an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets.

 

Notes Payable – Related Parties

 

Notes payable to related parties are classified as current liabilities as the note holders have the ability to control the repayment dates of the notes.

 

Exploration Costs    

 

Mineral exploration costs are expensed as incurred. When it has been determined that it is economically feasible to extract minerals and the permitting process has been initiated, exploration costs incurred to further delineate and develop the property are considered pre-commercial production costs and will be capitalized and included as mine development costs in our balance sheets.

 

Income Taxes

 

We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and the amounts at which they are carried in the financial statements and the effect of net operating losses based upon the enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. As at December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company had no uncertain tax positions.

 

Net Loss per Common Share

 

We compute basic net loss per common share by dividing our net loss attributable to common shareholders by our weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Computation of diluted net loss per common share adds the weighted-average number of potential common shares outstanding to the weighted-average common shares outstanding, as calculated for basic net loss per share, except for instances in which there is a net loss. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2015, potential common shares associated with convertible notes payable have been omitted from the net loss per common share computation as they are anti-dilutive due to the net loss for these years. 

 

Stock-based Compensation 

 

The Company determines the fair value of stock option awards granted to employees in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 – 10 and to non-employees in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 505 – 50. Compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the value of the award and is recognized over the service period, which is usually the vesting period.

 

New Accounting Standards

 

From time to time, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standards setting bodies issue new accounting pronouncements. Updates to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification are communicated through issuance of an Accounting Standards Update. Unless otherwise discussed, we believe that the impact of recently issued guidance, whether adopted or to be adopted in the future, is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements upon adoption.

 

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases: Topic 842 (ASU 2016-02)", to supersede nearly all existing lease guidance under GAAP. The guidance would require lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets as lease liabilities with corresponding right-of-use assets. ASU 2016-02 is effective for the Company in the first quarter of our fiscal year ending December 31, 2019 using a modified retrospective approach with the option to elect certain practical expedients. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of its pending adoption of ASU 2016-02 on its consolidated financial statements.

 

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company elected to early adopt Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-10, Development Stage Entities (Topic 915): Elimination of Certain Financial Reporting Requirements. The adoption of this ASU allowed the Company to remove the inception to date information and all references to development stage.