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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2021
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common Stock

The Company has authorized the issuance of Class A common stock and Class B common stock. Holders of shares of Class A common stock are entitled to one vote per share, while holders of shares of Class B common stock are entitled to ten votes per share. Shares of the Company's Class B common stock are convertible into an equivalent number of shares of its Class A common stock and generally convert into shares of its Class A common stock upon transfer. The holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock have no preemptive or other subscription rights and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions with respect to such shares. Class A common stock and Class B common stock are referred to as "common stock" throughout these Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, unless otherwise noted. As of March 31, 2021, the Company was authorized to issue 1,000,000,000 shares of Class A common stock and 500,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, each with a par value of $0.0000001 per share. As of March 31, 2021, there were 390,680,544 shares of Class A common stock and 63,987,897 shares of Class B common stock outstanding. Options and awards granted following the Company's initial public offering are related to underlying Class A common stock. 

Warrants

In conjunction with the 2022 Notes offering, the Company sold the 2022 warrants whereby the counterparties have the option to purchase a total of approximately 19.2 million shares of the Company’s Class A common stock at a price of $31.18 per share, and expire on June 1, 2022. None of the warrants were exercised as of March 31, 2021.
In conjunction with the 2023 Notes offering, the Company sold the 2023 warrants whereby the counterparties have the option to purchase a total of approximately 11.1 million shares of the Company’s Class A common stock at a price of $109.26 per share, and expire on August 15, 2023. None of the warrants were exercised as of March 31, 2021.

In conjunction with the 2025 Notes offering, the Company sold the 2025 warrants whereby the counterparties have the option to purchase a total of approximately 8.3 million shares of the Company’s Class A common stock at a price of $161.34 per share, and expire on June 1, 2025. None of the warrants were exercised as of March 31, 2021.

In conjunction with the 2026 Notes offering, the Company sold the 2026 warrants whereby the counterparties have the option to purchase a total of approximately 1.9 million shares of the Company’s Class A common stock at a price of $368.16 per share, and expire on August 1, 2026. None of the warrants were exercised as of March 31, 2021.

In conjunction with the 2027 Notes offering, the Company sold the 2027 warrants whereby the counterparties have the option to purchase a total of approximately 1.9 million shares of the Company’s Class A common stock at a price of $414.18 per share, and expire on February 1, 2028. None of the warrants were exercised as of March 31, 2021.

Conversion of Notes and Exercise of Convertible Note Hedges

In connection with the conversion of the 2022 Notes, the Company issued 16.3 million shares of Class A common stock, of which 0.2 million shares were issued in the three months ended March 31, 2021. The Company also exercised a pro-rata portion of the 2022 convertible note hedges and received 14.7 million shares of Class A common stock from the 2017 Counterparties to offset the shares issued, of which 5.3 million shares were received in the three months ended March 31, 2021.

In connection with the conversion of the 2023 Notes, the Company issued an immaterial amount of shares of Class A common stock in the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Stock Plans

The Company maintains two share-based employee compensation plans: the 2009 Stock Plan (2009 Plan) and the 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (2015 Plan). The 2015 Plan serves as the successor to the 2009 Plan. The 2015 Plan became effective as of November 17, 2015. Outstanding awards under the 2009 Plan continue to be subject to the terms and conditions of the 2009 Plan. Since November 17, 2015, no additional awards have been nor will be granted in the future under the 2009 Plan.

Under the 2015 Plan, shares of the Company's Class A common stock are reserved for the issuance of incentive and nonstatutory stock options (ISOs and NSOs, respectively), restricted stock awards (RSAs), restricted stock units (RSUs), performance shares, and stock bonuses to qualified employees, directors, and consultants. The awards must be granted at a price per share not less than the fair market value at the date of grant. Initially, 30,000,000 shares were reserved under the 2015 Plan and any shares subject to options or other similar awards granted under the 2009 Plan that expire, are forfeited, are repurchased by the Company or otherwise terminate unexercised, will become available under the 2015 Plan. The number of shares available for issuance under the 2015 Plan has been and will be increased on the first day of each fiscal year, in an amount equal to the least of (i) 40,000,000 shares, (ii) 5% of the outstanding shares on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year, or (iii) such number of shares determined by the administrator of the Plan. The administrator consists of the Board of Directors who then delegates the responsibilities to the Compensation Committee. As of March 31, 2021, the total number of shares subject to stock options, RSAs and RSUs outstanding under the 2015 Plan was 16,874,534, and 121,543,822 shares were available for future issuance. As of March 31, 2021, the total number of shares subject to stock options, RSAs and RSUs outstanding under the 2009 Plan was 8,404,227.
A summary of stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2021 is as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):
Number of Stock Options Outstanding
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price		Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(in years)		Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Balance at December 31, 202013,630,882 $17.84 3.84$2,723,394 
Exercised(2,592,301)12.69 
Balance at March 31, 202111,038,581 $19.06 4.18$2,295,969 
Options exercisable as of March 31, 20219,605,627 $12.66 3.51$2,059,368 

Restricted Stock Activity
Activity related to RSAs and RSUs during the three months ended March 31, 2021 is set forth below:
Number of
shares		Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Unvested as of December 31, 202015,622,645 $71.71 
Granted571,632 202.58 
Vested(1,744,585)53.27 
Forfeited(209,512)78.71 
Unvested as of March 31, 202114,240,180 $79.12 

Share-Based Compensation
The fair value of stock options and employee stock purchase plan rights are estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model. The fair value of RSAs and RSUs is determined by the closing price of the Company’s common stock on each grant date. 
The following table summarizes the effects of share-based compensation on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
Three Months Ended
March 31,
20212020
Cost of revenue$99 $76 
Product development86,895 57,400 
Sales and marketing10,880 6,407 
General and administrative20,749 13,420 
Total$118,623 $77,303 
    
The Company recorded $8.8 million and $4.7 million of share-based compensation expense related to the Company's 2015 Employee Stock Purchase Plan during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, which are included in the table above.

The Company capitalized $3.4 million and $2.3 million of share-based compensation expense related to capitalized software costs during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
As of March 31, 2021, there was $1.1 billion of total unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards that are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.76 years.