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Share-Based Compensation
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation Share-Based Compensation
Description of the Incentive Plans
Our employees and non-employee directors are eligible to receive share, share-based and other types of awards under the Marathon Petroleum Corporation 2021 Incentive Compensation Plan (“MPC 2021 Plan”). The MPC 2021 Plan authorizes the Compensation and Organization Development Committee of our board of directors (“Committee”) to grant nonqualified or incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, share and share-based awards (including restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards), cash awards and performance awards to our employees and non-employee directors. The maximum number of shares of our common stock available for awards under the MPC 2021 Plan is 20.5 million shares. The MPC 2021 Plan became effective upon shareholder approval on April 28, 2021. Prior to that date, our employees and non-employee directors were eligible to receive share, share-based and other types of awards under the Amended and Restated Marathon Petroleum Corporation 2012 Incentive Compensation Plan (“MPC 2012 Plan”), effective April 26, 2012, and prior to that date, the Marathon Petroleum Corporation 2011 Second Amended and Restated Incentive Compensation Plan (“MPC 2011 Plan”). Shares issued as a result of awards granted under these plans are funded through the issuance of new MPC common shares.
Share-Based Awards under the Plans
Stock Options
Prior to 2021, we granted stock options to certain officer and non-officer employees under the MPC 2011 Plan and the MPC 2012 Plan. Stock options represent the right to purchase shares of our common stock at an exercise price equal to the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant. Stock options generally vest over a service period of three years and expire ten years after the grant date. We expensed stock options based on the grant date fair value of the awards over the requisite service period, adjusted for estimated forfeitures. We used the Black Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of stock options granted, which requires the input of subjective assumptions.
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units
We grant restricted stock units to certain employees and to our non-employee directors. Prior to 2021, we granted restricted stock to certain employees and to our non-employee directors. In general, restricted stock and restricted stock units granted to employees vest over a requisite service period of three years. Restricted stock awards and restricted stock unit awards granted to officers prior to 2022 are subject to an additional one-year holding period after the three-year vesting period. Restricted stock recipients have the right to vote such stock; however, dividends are accrued and when vested are payable at the dates specified in the awards. The non-vested shares are not transferable and are held by our transfer agent. Restricted stock units granted to non-employee directors are considered to vest immediately at the time of the grant for accounting purposes, as they are non-forfeitable, but are not issued until the director’s departure from the board of directors. Restricted stock unit recipients do not have the right to vote any shares of stock and accrue dividend equivalents which when vested are payable at the dates specified in the awards. We expense restricted stock and restricted stock units based on the grant date fair value of the awards over the requisite service period, adjusted for estimated forfeitures. The fair values of restricted stock and restricted stock units are equal to the market price of our common stock on the grant date.
Performance Share Units
We grant performance share unit awards to certain officer and non-officer employees. At grant, a performance share unit has a target value equal to the MPC common stock average 30-day closing price prior to the grant date. The actual payout value of a performance share unit is based on company performance (which can range from 0 percent to 200 percent) for the three-year performance period beginning January 1 of the year of grant, multiplied by, for the awards granted in 2021 and 2022, MPC’s closing share price on the date the Committee certifies performance; and for the awards granted in 2023 and 2024, MPC’s average closing share price for the final thirty calendar days at the end of the performance period. Company performance for purposes of payout will be determined by the relative ranking of the total shareholder return (“TSR”) of MPC common stock over the three-year performance period compared to the TSR of a select group of peer companies, the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index, the Alerian MLP Index, as well as the median of MPC’s compensation reference group applicable for the year the award is granted. These awards settle 100 percent in cash and are accounted for as liability awards. We expense liability-classified performance share unit awards at fair value over the requisite service period, with mark-to-market adjustments made each quarter until payout occurs. The fair value is determined using a Monte Carlo valuation model.
Significant assumptions used in our Monte Carlo valuation models include: 1) risk free interest rate, for which we utilize the treasury rate for the time period closest to the remaining performance period of the award being valued; 2) look-back period (in years), for which we utilize the remaining performance period of the award being valued; and 3) expected volatility, for which we utilize the historical volatility of our own stock and the stock of our peer group for the look-back period previously discussed.
In general, performance share units granted to officers have a vesting service period beginning on the grant date and ending on the last day of the three-year performance period, and performance share units granted to employees outside of our senior management vest in one-third increments at the end of each calendar year of the performance period. However, certain employees are eligible to vest in some awards earlier, subject to reaching certain age and employment milestones, with payout still occurring at the end of the original performance period.
Total Share-Based Compensation Expense
The following table reflects activity related to our share-based compensation arrangements:
(Millions of dollars)202420232022
Share-based compensation expense$137 $211 $153 
Tax benefit recognized on share-based compensation expense33 51 37 
Cash received by MPC upon exercise of stock option awards25 62 243 
Tax benefit received for tax deductions for stock awards exercised28 49 53 
Stock Option Awards
The following is a summary of our common stock option activity in 2024: 
Number of SharesWeighted Average Exercise Price
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Terms (in years)
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (Millions of dollars)
Outstanding at December 31, 20231,044,011 $52.07 
Exercised(537,951)46.97 
Outstanding at December 31, 2024(a)
506,060 57.50 3.9$41 
(a)    All options outstanding at December 31, 2024 are fully vested and exercisable.
The intrinsic value of options exercised by MPC employees during 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $75 million, $136 million and $247 million, respectively.
As of December 31, 2024, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to stock option awards.
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit Awards
The following is a summary of restricted stock unit award activity of our common stock in 2024:
 Restricted Stock Units
 Number of
Units		Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 20231,192,704 $98.16 
Granted496,894 171.55 
Vested(606,774)80.86 
Forfeited(49,555)130.29 
Unvested at December 31, 20241,033,269 142.08 
The following is a summary of the values related to restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards held by MPC employees and non-employee directors:
Restricted StockRestricted Stock Units
Intrinsic Value of Awards Vested During the Period (Millions of dollars)
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value of Awards Granted During the Period
Intrinsic Value of Awards Vested During the Period (Millions of dollars)
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value of Awards Granted During the Period
2024$— $— $102 $171.55 
2023— — 144 133.94 
202217 — 99 75.81 
As of December 31, 2024, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock awards. Unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock unit awards was $90 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years.
Performance Awards
The following is a summary of performance share unit awards activity in 2024:
Number of Performance Share Units
Unvested at December 31, 2023580,666 
Granted255,290 
Vested(393,862)
Forfeited(14,746)
Unvested at December 31, 2024427,348 
We paid $169 million, $14 million and $26 million during the years ended 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, to settle performance awards.
As of December 31, 2024, unrecognized compensation cost related to performance awards was $22 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.3 years. As of December 31, 2024, the total liability associated with performance awards was $184 million.
MPLX Awards
Compensation expense for awards of MPLX units are not material to our consolidated financial statements for 2024.