10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

ý QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2017

OR

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ______________ to _______________

Commission File Number 001-36216

IDEAL POWER INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	14-1999058
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Identification No.)

4120 Freidrich Lane, Suite 100

Austin, Texas 78744

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(512) 264-1542

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period than the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer  ¨	Accelerated filer ¨
Non-accelerated filer  ¨	Smaller reporting company  x
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
	Emerging growth company  x

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark whether the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the issuer is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No ý

As of August 7, 2017, the issuer had 13,996,782 shares of common stock, par value $.001, outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Condensed Financial Statements	1
	Balance Sheets at June 30, 2017 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2016	1
	Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 (Unaudited)	2
	Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 (Unaudited)	3
	Notes to Unaudited Financial Statements	4
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	11
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	17
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	17
PART II	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	18
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	18
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	18
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	18
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	19
Item 5.	Other Information	19
Item 6.	Exhibits	19
SIGNATURES		20

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

IDEAL POWER INC.

Balance Sheets

	June 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	13,335,908		$	4,204,916
Accounts receivable, net	205,646			378,658
Inventories, net	366,535			1,245,147
Prepayments and other current assets	252,532			312,593
Total current assets	14,160,621			6,141,314
Property and equipment, net	751,138			936,486
Intangible assets, net	2,099,182			1,905,556
Other assets	—			17,920
Total Assets	$	17,010,941		$	9,001,276
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	212,984		$	346,767
Accrued expenses	1,180,282			1,149,129
Total current liabilities	1,393,266			1,495,896
Other long-term liabilities	489,941			265,418
Total liabilities	1,883,207			1,761,314
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 8)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; 1,518,430 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2017	1,518			—
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 13,998,465 shares issued and 13,996,782 shares outstanding at June 30, 2017 and 9,560,896 shares issued and 9,559,213 shares outstanding at December 31, 2016, respectively	13,998			9,561
Additional paid-in capital	66,471,006			52,310,481
Treasury stock, at cost; 1,683 shares at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016	(5,915		)	(5,915		)
Accumulated deficit	(51,352,873		)	(45,074,165		)
Total stockholders’ equity	15,127,734			7,239,962
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	17,010,941		$	9,001,276

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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IDEAL POWER INC.

Statements of Operations

(unaudited)

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2017			2016			2017			2016
Product revenue	$	253,370		$	322,116		$	529,040		$	818,760
Cost of product revenue	764,609			298,937			1,475,539			793,691
Gross profit (loss)	(511,239		)	23,179			(946,499		)	25,069
Operating expenses:
Research and development	1,108,368			1,203,179			2,298,537			2,683,164
General and administrative	1,170,415			881,659			2,076,378			1,801,990
Sales and marketing	427,336			412,433			968,869			824,963
Total operating expenses	2,706,119			2,497,271			5,343,784			5,310,117
Loss from operations	(3,217,358		)	(2,474,092		)	(6,290,283		)	(5,285,048		)
Interest income, net	7,034			6,615			11,575			15,224
Net loss	$	(3,210,324	)	$	(2,467,477	)	$	(6,278,708	)	$	(5,269,824	)
Net loss per share – basic and fully diluted	$	(0.23	)	$	(0.26	)	$	(0.50	)	$	(0.55	)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding – basic and fully diluted	13,989,282			9,547,747			12,443,076			9,546,864

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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IDEAL POWER INC.

Statements of Cash Flows

(unaudited)

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2017			2016
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(6,278,708	)	$	(5,269,824	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Allowance for doubtful accounts	273,727			15,475
Write-down of inventory	712,083			12,590
Depreciation and amortization	224,926			184,279
Write-off of capitalized patents	202,343			48,773
Write-off of fixed assets	15,036			1,215
Stock-based compensation	498,006			763,326
Decrease (increase) in operating assets:
Accounts receivable	(100,715		)	446,261
Inventories	166,529			(627,650		)
Prepayments and other current assets	77,981			60,427
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:
Accounts payable	(133,783		)	(234,486		)
Accrued expenses	(5,627		)	(405,761		)
Net cash used in operating activities	(4,348,202		)	(5,005,375		)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment	(18,146		)	(297,095		)
Acquisition of intangible assets	(171,134		)	(203,500		)
Net cash used in investing activities	(189,280		)	(500,595		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net proceeds from issuance of stock	13,657,331			—
Exercise of options and warrants	11,143			35,536
Net cash provided by financing activities	13,668,474			35,536
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	9,130,992			(5,470,434		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	4,204,916			15,022,286
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	13,335,908		$	9,551,852

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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Ideal Power Inc.

Notes to Financial Statements

(unaudited)

Note 1 – Organization and Description of Business

Ideal Power Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Texas on May 17, 2007 under the name Ideal Power Converters, Inc. The Company changed its name to Ideal Power Inc. on July 8, 2013 and re-incorporated in Delaware on July 15, 2013. With headquarters in Austin, Texas, it develops power conversion solutions with a focus on solar + storage, microgrid applications and stand-alone energy storage. The principal products of the Company are power conversion systems, including 2-port and multi-port products.

Since its inception, the Company has generated limited revenues from the sale of products and has financed its research and development efforts and operations through the sale of common stock and, prior to its initial public offering, the issuance of convertible debt. 

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission for Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The Balance Sheet at December 31, 2016 has been derived from the Company’s audited financial statements.

In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all normal recurring, and other adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of operating results for an entire fiscal year or any other future periods.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), requiring an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The FASB has recently issued several amendments to the standard, including clarification on accounting for licenses of intellectual property and identifying performance obligations. The standard will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective and permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. The updated standard becomes effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and early adoption is permitted. The Company will not early adopt and the standard is not expected to have a significant effect on the Company’s financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet. Most prominent among the amendments is the recognition of assets and liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous U.S. GAAP. Under the new standard, disclosures are required to meet the objective of enabling users of financial statements to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The new standard will be effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. While the Company is continuing to assess the potential impact of this standard, it expects its lease commitment will be subject to the updated standard and recognized as a lease liability and right-of-use asset upon adoption.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), in order to address eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice. The updated standard is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years with early adoption permitted. The adoption of the standard will not have a significant effect on the Company’s financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting. This ASU provides clarity and reduces both (1) diversity in practice and (2) cost and complexity when applying the guidance in Topic 71 to a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. The amendments in this ASU

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are effective for public entities for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The ASU should be applied prospectively on and after the effective date. The Company is evaluating the impact of this ASU.

Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if adopted, would have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Note 3 – Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Trade receivables	$	392,686		$	430,278
Other receivables	102,147			33,755
	494,833			464,033
Allowance for doubtful accounts	(289,187		)	(85,375		)
	$	205,646		$	378,658

At June 30, 2017, the allowance for doubtful accounts represents trade receivables from three customers which were fully reserved as it was determined that the probability of collection is remote. During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company collected $15,475 and wrote-off $69,900 of its allowance for doubtful accounts. These changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts are reflected within the sales and marketing line item of the statement of operations.

Note 4 – Inventories

Inventories, net consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Raw materials	$	288,650		$	363,195
Finished goods	149,055			941,921
	437,705			1,305,116
Reserve for obsolescence	(71,170		)	(59,969		)
	$	366,535		$	1,245,147

During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company recorded a non-cash inventory charge of $712,083, of which$708,204 is related to excess finished goods inventory of its legacy 125kW battery converter and its end-of-life IBC-30 battery converter and is reflected within the cost of product revenue line item of the statement of operations.

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Note 5 – Property and Equipment

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Machinery and equipment	$	890,264		$	894,228
Building leasehold improvements	395,335			395,335
Furniture, fixtures, software and computers	215,993			228,011
	1,501,592			1,517,574
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(750,454		)	(581,088		)
	$	751,138		$	936,486

Note 6 – Intangible Assets

Intangible assets, net consisted of the following: 

	June 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Patents	$	1,524,994		$	1,556,204
Other intangible assets	732,175			470,870
	2,257,169			2,027,074
Accumulated amortization	(157,987		)	(121,518		)
	$	2,099,182		$	1,905,556

At June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had capitalized $554,216 and $678,410, respectively, for costs related to patents that have not been awarded.

In June 2017, a U.S. patent was issued associated with licensing agreements and the Company recorded an intangible asset and corresponding long-term liability for the estimated present value of future payments of $261,303. The Company is amortizing the capitalized costs over the remaining term of the agreements. For further discussion of the licensing agreements, see Note 8.

Amortization expense amounted to $18,594 and $36,469 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, and $15,705 and $29,067 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively. Amortization expense for the succeeding five years and thereafter is approximately $45,000 (2017), $91,000 (2018-2021) and $1,136,000 (thereafter).

Note 7 – Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Accrued compensation	$	423,819	$	519,485
Warranty reserve	398,079		335,893
Other	358,384		293,751
	$	1,180,282	$	1,149,129

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Note 8 – Commitments and Contingencies

Lease

The Company has entered into a lease for 14,782 square feet of office and laboratory space located in Austin, Texas. The triple net lease has a term of 48 months and commenced on June 1, 2014. The annual base rent in the first year of the lease was $154,324 and increases by $3,548 in each succeeding year of the lease. In addition, the Company is required to pay its proportionate share of operating costs for the building.

At June 30, 2017, the remaining annual base rent commitments under the lease are as follows: 

Year Ended December 31,	Amount
2017	$	82,484
2018	68,736
Total	$	151,220

The Company incurred rent expense of $59,418 and $117,074 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, and $55,719 and $111,324 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively.

License Agreement

In 2015, the Company entered into licensing agreements which expire on February 7, 2033. Per the agreements, the Company has an exclusive royalty-free license which enhances its intellectual property portfolio related to semiconductor power switches. The agreements include both fixed and variable payments. The variable payments are a function of the number of associated patent filings pending and patents issued under the agreements. The Company will pay $10,000 for each patent filing pending and $20,000 for each patent issued within 20 days of December 21, 2017 and each subsequent year of the agreement, up to a maximum of $100,000 per year (i.e. five issued patents).

In June 2017, a U.S. patent was issued associated with the agreements and the Company recorded an intangible asset and corresponding long-term liability for the estimated present value of future payments of $261,303. This long-term liability incurred in connection with the patent issuance is a non-cash investing activity with regard to the Company’s statements of cash flows. At June 30, 2017, two patents associated with the agreements had been issued and the estimated present value of future payments under the licensing agreement is $529,941, of which $40,000 is due within 20 days of December 21, 2017 and is included in accrued expenses in the Company's balance sheet. The Company is accruing interest for future payments related to the issued patents associated with the agreement.

Litigation

On May 17, 2017, the Company provided its prior contract manufacturer (CM) notice that it was in breach of the Master Supply Agreement (MSA) between the parties. On May 19, 2017, the Company received notice from CM that the Company was allegedly in breach of the MSA. On June 23, 2017, the Company received a Notice of Arbitration from CM alleging claims against the Company and demanding recovery for alleged damages. On July 13, 2017, the Company responded to CM with a Notice of Defense and Counterclaim. On August 2, 2017, CM provided their response to the Company's Notice of Defense and Counterclaim. The parties are in the process of appointing an arbitrator. At this time, the Company is unable to estimate the possible loss, if any, associated with this proceeding.

Note 9 — Equity

On March 3, 2017, the Company closed on a definitive securities purchase agreement, or Private Placement, to sell the Company’s common stock and preferred stock together with warrants to purchase shares of common stock. In the Private Placement, each share of common stock or preferred stock was sold together with a warrant to purchase one share of common stock at a collective price of $2.535. Investors purchased an aggregate of 5,220,826 shares of common stock and 708,430 shares of preferred stock together with warrants to purchase 5,929,256 shares of common stock in the Private Placement for aggregate gross proceeds of $15 million. Net cash proceeds were $13,657,331 after offering fees and expenses, including the placement agent fee of approximately $1.1 million. The Company expects to utilize net proceeds from the offering for working capital and general corporate purposes.

In February 2017, the Company's Board of Directors authorized Series A Convertible Preferred Stock consisting of 3,000,000 shares. Each share of the preferred stock has a par value of $0.001 and a stated value of $2.535 and is convertible at any time at the option of the holder into one share of common stock. The holder cannot convert the preferred stock to the extent its beneficial ownership would exceed 4.99% of the Company's common stock outstanding, subject to adjustment as provided

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in the Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. The shares have no voting power, no liquidation preference or additional dividend entitlements. In the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company issued 1,518,430 shares of the Company's Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.

Note 10 — Equity Incentive Plan

On May 17, 2013, the Company adopted the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) and reserved shares of common stock for issuance under the Plan. The Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors. At June 30, 2017, 708,953 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the Plan.

During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company granted 83,625 stock options to Board members and 84,100 stock options to employees under the Plan. The estimated fair value of these stock options, calculated using the Black-Scholes option valuation model, was $296,107, of which $84,368 was recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2017.

During the six months ended June 30, 2017, 96,000 performance stock units (“PSUs”) were forfeited by employees as the continued service conditions were not achieved. The PSUs were initially granted in 2015 and, due to the forfeiture, the Company reversed $174,804 of stock-based compensation expense in the three months ended June 30, 2017.

During the six months ended June 30, 2017, 26,743 options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock were exercised resulting in net proceeds of $11,143.

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information is as follows:

	Stock Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2016	1,385,204		$	6.89	7.5
Granted	167,725		$	2.99
Exercised	(26,743	)	$	0.42
Forfeited/Expired/Exchanged	(125,551	)	$	7.39
Outstanding at June 30, 2017	1,400,635		$	6.50	7.3
Exercisable at June 30, 2017	829,623		$	6.55	6.9

At June 30, 2017, there was $1,739,406 of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested equity awards granted under the Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years.

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Note 11 — Warrants

In connection with the Private Placement, investors received warrants to purchase 5,929,256 shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $2.41 per share, are non-exercisable for the first six months and will expire three years from the date of issuance. The placement agent also received 237,170 warrants to purchase shares of common stock as part of its placement agent fee. The placement agent warrant has an exercise price of $2.89 per share, is non-exercisable for 12 months and has a three-year term. The warrants contain a provision to protect investors from potential future dilutive events, or a down-round provision. The Company estimated the fair value of the down-round provision by utilizing a Monte Carlo valuation model and determined the fair value associated with the down-round provision was immaterial.

A summary of the Company’s common stock warrant activity and related information is as follows:

	Warrants		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2016	1,398,653		$	4.57	2.5
Granted	6,166,426		$	2.43
Forfeited/Expired/Exchanged	(84,000	)	$	6.25
Outstanding at June 30, 2017	7,481,079		$	2.79	2.6

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND OTHER INFORMATION

CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and the provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements give our current expectations or forecasts of future events. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. You can find many (but not all) of these statements by looking for words such as "approximates," "believes," "expects," "anticipates," "estimates," "projects," "intends," "plans," "would," "should," "could," "may" or other similar expressions in this report. In particular, these include statements relating to future actions, prospective products, applications, customers, technologies, future performance or results of anticipated products, expenses, and financial results. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our historical experience and our present expectations or projections. Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

• our history of losses;

• our ability to achieve profitability;

• our limited operating history;

• our ability to successfully market and sell our products;

• the size and growth of markets for our current and future products;

• our expectations regarding the growth and expansion of our customer base;

• regulatory developments that may affect our business;

• our ability to successfully develop new technologies, including our bi-directional bipolar junction transistor, or B-TRAN™;

• our expectations regarding the completion of testing of new products under development and the timing of the introduction of those new products;

• the expected performance of new and existing products, including future products incorporating our B-TRAN™;

• the performance of third-party manufacturers who supply and manufacture our products;

• our expectations of the reliability of our products over the applicable warranty term and the future costs associated with warranty claims;

• our ability to cost effectively manage product life cycles, inclusive of product launches and end of product life situations;

• the rate and degree of market acceptance for our current and future products;

• our ability to successfully obtain certification for our products, including in new markets, and the timing of the receipt of any necessary certifications;

• our ability to successfully license our technology;

• our ability to obtain, maintain, defend and enforce intellectual property rights protecting our current and future products;

• our expectations regarding the decline in prices of battery energy storage systems;

• general economic conditions and events and the impact they may have on us and our potential customers;

• our ability to obtain adequate financing in the future, as and when we need it;

• our success at managing the risks involved in the foregoing items; and

• other factors discussed in this report.

The forward-looking statements are based upon management’s beliefs and assumptions and are made as of the date of this report. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements included in this report. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

Unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires, the terms "Ideal Power," "we," "us," "our" and the "Company" refer to Ideal Power Inc.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as well as our audited 2016 financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition to historical information, the discussion and analysis here and throughout this Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including, but not limited, to those set forth under “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A of this report.

OVERVIEW

Ideal Power is located in Austin, Texas. We design, market and sell electrical power conversion products using our proprietary technology called Power Packet Switching Architecture™, or PPSA™. PPSA™ is a power conversion technology that improves upon existing power conversion technologies in key product metrics, such as size and weight while providing built-in isolation and bi-directional and multi-port capabilities. PPSA™ utilizes standardized hardware with application specific embedded software. Our products are designed to be used in both on-grid and off-grid applications. Our advanced technology is important to our business and we make significant investments in research and development and protection of our intellectual property. Our PPSA™ and bi-directional switch technologies are protected by a patent portfolio of 58 US and 13 foreign issued patents at June 30, 2017.

We sell our products primarily to systems integrators as part of larger turn-key systems which enable end users to manage their electricity consumption by reducing demand charges or fossil fuel consumption, integrating renewable energy sources and forming their own microgrid. Our products are made by contract manufacturers to our specifications, enabling us to scale production to meet demand on a cost-effective basis without requiring significant expenditures on manufacturing facilities and equipment. As our products establish a foothold in key power conversion markets, we may begin to focus on licensing our proprietary PPSA™-based product designs to OEMs to reach more markets and customers. We may seek to build a portfolio of relationships that generate license fees and royalties from OEMs for sales of their products which integrate PPSA™.

We were founded on May 17, 2007. To date, operations have been funded primarily through the sale of common stock and, prior to our initial public offering, the issuance of convertible debt. Total revenue generated from inception to date as of June 30, 2017 amounted to $12,494,885 with approximately a quarter of that revenue coming from government grants. We may pursue additional research and development grants, if and when available, for the purpose of developing new products and improving current products. 

Our Technology

PPSA™ uses indirect power flow in which power flows through input switches and is temporarily stored in our proprietary AC link inductor. Our proprietary fast switching algorithms enable the transfer of quantum packets of power between ports in our system. As the AC link becomes charged, it disconnects from its input switches, resonates without being connected to either the input or output switches, and then reconnects to its output switches when it reaches the correct voltage and frequency for the application. PPSA™ is a power conversion technology that differentiates itself from traditional power conversion technology in key product metrics, such as size and weight while providing built-in isolation and bi-directional and multi-port capabilities. At June 30, 2017, we have been granted 36 US patents and seven foreign patents related to PPSA™.

Products

We have developed products commercializing PPSA™ and make these products available for sale both directly to customers and through distributors. We currently sell several power conversion systems, or PCS, utilizing our patented PPSA™ technology. These products are described as follows:

• The 30kW SunDial™ and the 30kW SunDial™ Plus, which are UL-1741 certified and are intended to be used for the commercial and industrial grid-tied solar and solar + storage market. The SunDial™ is a photovoltaic (PV) string inverter which is field upgradable through the addition of a drop-in second DC port to connect batteries to a solar PV array. The SunDial™ Plus includes the PV inverter and the second DC battery port in one package. The products operate in both 50Hz and 60Hz environments and include a built-in 6 string PV combiner and DC disconnects and are grid-tied, AC export only.

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• The 30kW Stabiliti™ series has two product offerings, two-port (AC-DC) and multi-port (AC-DC-DC) models, which are both UL-1741 certified. These products are intended to be used in the stand-alone storage and microgrid markets. They are bi-directional and operate in both grid-tied and grid-forming modes with near seamless transfer between operating modes. Grid-forming mode provides customers the ability to form and manage a microgrid which is also desirable for the solar + storage market. The products operate in both 50Hz and 60Hz environments.

Future Innovations

Bi-Directional Switches

Our existing products incorporate multiple insulated gate bipolar transistors, or IGBTs, which are power switches used in the process to convert power from one current form to another. IGBTs switch power in only one direction (DC to AC or AC to DC) and require the use of a blocking diode to prevent power from flowing back through the system. To enable our existing products to perform bi-directional power conversion, for each IGBT and diode used in our products, we must include a second IGBT and diode. These additional components have slight voltage drops that affect the electrical efficiency of our products and generate excess heat that must be dissipated. We have patented and are developing a new, highly efficient silicon switch called a bi-directional bipolar transistor, or B-TRAN™, that we believe will allow us to substitute one B-TRAN™ for two pairs of IGBTs and diodes used in our current products and is also a potential replacement for conventional power switches in certain segments of the broader power semiconductor market.

Based on third party device software simulations, we believe that the B-TRAN™ may significantly improve electrical efficiency in our power converters and that higher efficiency would substantially reduce the heat generated by the operation of our products. As a result, products incorporating our B-TRAN™ would require less space for heat dissipation which would allow us to increase power density, or power per pound, and reduce material costs.

In 2016, one of our semiconductor fabricators successfully tested single-sided B-TRAN™ silicon dies and the results were consistent with third party simulations that predict significant performance and efficiency improvements over conventional power switches such as SCRs, IGBTs and MOSFETs. Our current focus has shifted to de-risking the proof of concept phase of the B-TRAN development timeline, as this phase of development is taking longer than anticipated due to the complexity of manufacturing complicated, two-sided power semiconductor devices. To facilitate this, we have now engaged a second semiconductor fabricator, on a parallel path, to produce a simplified, easier to manufacture B-TRAN on an accelerated schedule for proof of concept and initial testing. The testing is intended to show key qualities of the B-TRAN over IGBTs including reduced losses, both switching and conduction losses, and increased speed. The next major milestone towards commercialization will be to complete, package and test prototype B-TRAN™ devices. The results of the testing and characterization of these prototype B-TRAN™ devices will be utilized to guide our further development and optimization efforts including potential changes in how the devices are manufactured or driven in an actual circuit.

We plan to first utilize the B-TRAN™ in our own power conversion products and then introduce it into the rapidly growing power semiconductor market, estimated to be $19 billion in 2017 according to research firm IHS Technology, or IHS, utilizing a licensing model. We believe our new B-TRAN™ technology may potentially address a significant portion of the power semiconductor market that currently relies on power semiconductor devices such as IGBTs. Potential addressable markets for B-TRAN™-based products include very low loss solid-state DC and AC contactors, electric vehicle drivetrains, variable frequency drives, solar PV inverters, bi-directional energy storage and microgrid power conversion systems, matrix converters and other power conversion products. At June 30, 2017, we have 22 US and six foreign issued patents covering the operation, control and manufacturing of the B-TRAN™ device.

EV Fast Chargers

Electric vehicles, or EVs, are emerging as a fast growth area of the overall automotive sector in the US and abroad. As EVs become a more significant section of the automotive market, the infrastructure to support them will need to be developed. Our PPSA™ technology can be a natural power conversion choice for system integrators looking for a highly efficient and compact system for an DC EV fast charger. In 2018, we expect to begin the development of products based on our existing product family to directly target this fast-growing market segment.

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Business Strategy

Our business strategy is to promote and expand the uses of PPSA™ initially through product development and product sales. To bring our products to market, we will seek out best-in-class partners who will distribute, white-label or integrate our innovative products into higher value systems resulting in multiple strategic sales channels for our PPSA™-based products and product designs. Although our primary market is the United States, we expect to begin targeting markets outside the United States as early as 2018. As our products gain broader acceptance in the power conversion market, we intend to license our proprietary PPSA™-based product designs to OEMs within our target markets, as well as license our technologies for other markets which we do not plan to enter directly. The basis for this approach is the belief that OEMs may achieve higher product margins and gain more market share by providing PPSA™-based products, which are differentiated from the traditional product offerings in the industry, to their customers. We believe such strategic relationships with key OEM licensees would enable us to reap the benefits of PPSA™ and gain market share more quickly than by strictly manufacturing and distributing our products.

Target Markets

Currently, our primary markets are solar + storage and, to a lesser extent, microgrids. We also intend to be opportunistic with regards to the stand-alone storage market. Until recently, our primary market was the stand-alone storage market but we have shifted our strategic focus to solar + storage as that market leverages the mature and global solar market and the stand-alone storage market has been slow to develop.

Solar + Storage and Microgrid Markets

Solar PV has one of the lowest levelized costs of energy for new electrical generation capacity and we expect this to remain true in the near term. We expect distributed PV to continue to be a high growth business as system costs have fallen dramatically over the past several years. As such, the economics of generating PV for local consumption is expected to remain strong for several more years, especially given the investment tax credit, or ITC, extension passed by Congress and signed into law in 2015 for solar energy production. Our SunDial™ products were launched to directly address this market.

One shortcoming of distributed, behind-the-meter PV systems is that they require connection to the utility power grid in order to operate. For example, a business with PV on its roof will not, in most cases, benefit from the ability to generate power should the utility power grid go down. Another shortcoming of distributed PV systems is the instability they cause on the local power lines. Utility power grids were not designed to manage power inflow from the end of the lines. As such, distributed generation sources can lead to wide swings in line voltages when clouds pass and power output falls off, requiring the utility to ramp up its central power stations to make up for the shortfall in solar. We believe the proliferation of PV, its intermittency and the elimination of net metering in many states may drive growth in the solar + storage market.

Whether for emergency backup power or for baseload generation in remote locations with weak or no electric grids, microgrids are an emerging business case for solar paired with storage. A distributed PV system connected to a BESS that includes one of our Stabiliti™ multi-port PCS may enable a business to benefit from the ability to form and manage a local microgrid powered by the PV system and BESS even when the utility power grid is down. This capability is attractive to electricity consumers who need to power critical loads even in a blackout. Our Stabiliti™ PCS are also equipped to meet evolving utility requirements for low voltage ride-through and other key operating parameters, which may enable the PV and BESS it connects to the grid to help stabilize the utility power grid when voltage or frequency fluctuates due to imbalances in load and supply. In remote locations where there is no reliable electric grid, which may be as diverse as a military battlefield or remote tropical island resort, or in locations where local electric rates are high due to aging and inefficient generation technology, a trend towards self-generation microgrids is developing. These sites can use solar, batteries and other forms of generation all brought together by one or more of our Stabiliti™ PCS to form and manage a microgrid using maximum solar generation for lowest cost. As such, we believe our products may become increasingly attractive to co-locate BESS with distributed PV.

According to their research, IHS believes that systems will be deployed in two principal configurations. The present configuration is to have separate BESS and PV systems tied together through the AC wiring, which is supported by all of our current products. A second, emerging configuration will be to place the BESS and the PV system behind a single PCS with two DC inputs. Our Stabiliti™ and SunDial™ Plus were designed specifically to enable this configuration which we believe is the lower cost and more efficient configuration. A key unique feature of the SunDial™’s patented technology is its ability to be deployed first as a standard commercial PV inverter and later be upgraded in the field to bring storage into the PV system using the same inverter. We believe this is the only product in the market today to have this unique field-upgrade capability for pairing solar with storage in one inverter.

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Also according to IHS, the global commercial PV industry is projected to grow to over 33GW annually by 2020. IHS further forecasts that these commercial systems will have a 2% storage attachment rate by 2020, providing for a nearly 700MW annual commercial solar + storage market. These new solar + storage markets include providing backup power during blackouts, improving grid stability in high penetration PV areas and reducing fossil fuel consumption in remote and off-grid microgrids.

Stand-Alone Storage Market

The stand-alone storage market is served by battery energy storage systems, or BESS. BESS are racks of batteries coupled with a system controller and a power conversion system, such as those manufactured by us, to enable electric power to be captured, stored, and used in conjunction with electric power grids. These systems can be large, megawatt-scale systems operated by utilities to better manage their system resources, or smaller kilowatt-scale systems used by businesses and designed to enable these businesses to manage their power use and mitigate utility imposed "peak demand charges", which are charges utilities levy on their business customers for delivery of power at peak usage times of the day, such as mid-afternoons in the summer. The growth of peak demand charges has been substantial over the past decade and now can make up 50% or more of a commercial utility bill in certain markets. This is a trend that may continue as more intermittent resources are added to the utility power grid causing grid instability. Utilities and aggregators of distributed generation resources are also expected to adopt BESS due to the proliferation of renewables and to take advantage of additional value streams such as energy arbitrage, frequency regulation and ancillary services, infrastructure upgrade deferral and locational capacity.

There are strong economic incentives available to commercial and industrial consumers in major US markets such as California and New York in the form of reduced demand charges for installing a BESS and reducing peak consumption. There is also strong regulatory support for such systems. For example, California has issued a mandate for over 1,800 megawatts of new energy storage to be installed by 2020. Although we believe the economic incentives and regulatory support are expected to accelerate growth in this market over coming years, to date the slow pace of realization of these economic incentives has actually hindered market growth.

We expect the cost of commercial and industrial BESS to continue to decline due primarily to lower battery costs and, as a result, expect significant expansion in the addressable market for these systems. We also believe the combination of lower BESS costs, third-party financing, increases in utility demand charges, and the entrance of large, established companies to the BESS space may contribute to accelerating market growth for the nascent stand-alone storage market.

Other Markets

Although our technology may be suitable for other vertical markets within the global power conversion market landscape, we do not currently offer products for sale directly to other power conversion markets such as the VFD, uninterruptible power supply, rail, wind or EV traction drive markets.

In addition to the markets discussed above, we may also have opportunities for market expansion into fast electric vehicle chargers in certain applications where our products’ compact size and multi-port capabilities can unlock value for the system integrator particularly in locations where battery storage is coupled with the charging system to eliminate demand charges or expand the charging systems response capabilities.

We plan to continue to monitor all power conversion markets for opportunities to create solutions for customers and unlock the broader value of our patented technology.

Critical Accounting Policies

There have been no significant changes during the six months ended June 30, 2017 to the critical accounting policies disclosed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.

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Results of Operations

Comparison of the three months ended June 30, 2017 to the three months ended June 30, 2016

Revenues.   Revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2017 of $253,370 were $68,746, or 21%, lower than the $322,116 we earned in revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2016. Our revenue has been negatively impacted by a lack of growth in our initial target market of stand-alone storage. We have shifted our focus primarily to solar + storage as we believe this market is already transacting and meaningful revenue growth is achievable for us in this market in the near term.

Cost of Revenues.   Cost of revenues increased for the three months ended June 30, 2017 to $764,609 compared to $298,937 for the three months ended June 30, 2016. The increase was primarily due to non-cash write-down of inventory of $358,988 and an unfavorable $98,457 adjustment to the Company's warranty accrual both related to our first generation products. By the end of the quarter, we had completed the transition from our legacy products, including both our first and second generation products, to our third generation SunDial™ and Stabiliti™ products.

Gross Profit (Loss).   Gross loss for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $511,239 compared to a gross profit of $23,179 for the three months ended June 30, 2016.

Research and Development Expenses.   Research and development expenses decreased by $94,811, or 8%, to $1,108,368 in the three months ended June 30, 2017 from $1,203,179 in the three months ended June 30, 2016. The decrease was due primarily to the timing of costs associated with bi-directional power switch development. For the balance of the year, our PPSA™ research and development efforts will be focused on our SunDial™ and Stabilit™ products including firmware development for, and certification to, the new UL1741 SA (a new standard required in most US markets beginning in October 2017) and a further cost-reduced version of our SunDial™ and Stabiliti™ products with an improved form factor.

General and Administrative Expenses.   General and administrative expenses increased by $288,756, or 33%, to $1,170,415 in the three months ended June 30, 2017 from $881,659 in the three months ended June 30, 2016. The increase was primarily due to higher non-cash patent impairments of $177,764 as we abandoned certain patent filings to focus on filings with the highest strategic value, as well as higher legal and consulting fees of $63,637.

Sales and Marketing Expenses.   Sales and marketing expenses increased by $14,903, or 4%, to $427,336 in the three months ended June 30, 2017 from $412,433 in the three months ended June 30, 2016. Higher bad debt expense of $197,549 and placement costs of $63,116 were largely offset by lower stock-based compensation costs of $243,750 due to forfeitures. We have seen an increase in both our bad debt expense and days sales outstanding as many companies, including certain of our customers, are having difficulty securing financing or generating sufficient working capital due to the lack of growth in the stand-alone storage market.

Loss from Operations.   Our loss from operations for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $3,217,358 compared to $2,474,092 loss from operations for the three months ended June 30, 2016.

Interest Income, net.    Net interest income was $7,034 for the three months ended June 30, 2017 compared to $6,615 for the three months ended June 30, 2016.

Net Loss.   Our net loss for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $3,210,324 as compared to a net loss of $2,467,477 for the three months ended June 30, 2016. The increase is attributable to higher non-cash charges associated with inventory write-downs, patent impairments and bad debt expense.

Comparison of the six months ended June 30, 2017 to the six months ended June 30, 2016

Revenues.   Revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2017 of $529,040 were $289,720, or 35%, lower than the $818,760 we earned in revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2016. The decrease in revenue was driven by a contraction in the early market for stand-alone storage.

Cost of Revenues.   Cost of revenues increased by $681,848, or 86%, to $1,475,539 for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to $793,691 for the six months ended June 30, 2016. The increase was due to non-cash write-down of inventory of $708,204 and an unfavorable $115,000 adjustment to the Company's warranty accrual both related to legacy products, partially offset by lower sales volumes.

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Gross Profit (Loss).   Gross loss for the six months ended June 30, 2017 was $946,499 compared to a gross profit of $25,069 for the six months ended June 30, 2016.

Research and Development Expenses.   Research and development expenses decreased by $384,627, or 14%, to $2,298,537 in the six months ended June 30, 2017 from $2,683,164 in the six months ended June 30, 2016. The decrease was due primarily to the timing of costs associated with bi-directional power switch development.

General and Administrative Expenses.   General and administrative expenses increased by $274,388, or 15%, to $2,076,378 in the six months ended June 30, 2017 from $1,801,990 in the six months ended June 30, 2016. The increase was primarily due to higher non-cash patent impairments of $153,570 as we abandoned certain patent filings to focus on filings with the highest strategic value, as well as higher legal and consulting fees of $69,998.

Sales and Marketing Expenses.   Sales and marketing expenses increased by $143,906, or 17%, to $968,869 in the six months ended June 30, 2017 from $824,963 in the six months ended June 30, 2016. The increase was due primarily to the higher bad debt expense of $258,253, consulting costs of $69,640 and placement costs of $59,116, offset partially by lower stock-based compensation costs of $246,217 due to forfeitures.

Loss from Operations.   Our loss from operations for the six months ended June 30, 2017 was $6,290,283 compared to $5,285,048 loss from operations for the six months ended June 30, 2016.

Interest Income, net.    Net interest income was $11,575 for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared to $15,224 for the six months ended June 30, 2016.

Net Loss.   Our net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2017 was $6,278,708 as compared to a net loss of $5,269,824 for the six months ended June 30, 2016. The increase is attributable to higher non-cash charges associated with inventory write-downs, patent impairments and bad debt expense.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We do not currently generate enough revenue to sustain our operations. We have funded our operations through the sale of common stock and, prior to our initial public offering, the issuance of convertible debt.

At June 30, 2017, we had cash and cash equivalents of $13,335,908. Our net working capital and long-term debt at June 30, 2017 were $12,767,355 and $0, respectively.

Operating activities in the six months ended June 30, 2017 resulted in cash outflows of $4,348,202, which were due primarily to the net loss for the period of $6,278,708, partly offset by non-cash items of $1,926,121, related primarily to inventory write-downs of $712,083, stock-based compensation of $498,006, bad debt expense of $273,727, depreciation and amortization of $224,926 and patent impairments of $202,343. Operating activities in the six months ended June 30, 2016 resulted in cash outflows of $5,005,375, which were due primarily to the net loss for the period of $5,269,824 and negative working capital changes of $761,209, partly offset by non-cash items of $1,025,658, related primarily to stock-based compensation of $763,326 and depreciation and amortization of $184,279.

Investing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 resulted in cash outflows of $189,280 and $500,595, respectively, for the acquisition of fixed assets and intangible assets.

In the three months ended June 30, 2017, we implemented a cost reduction plan with the goal of reducing our cash outflows for operating and investing activities. This plan included the simplification of our product roadmap for the balance of 2017 to focus on our 30kW SunDial™ and Stabilti™ products for the solar + storage and microgrid markets and eliminate activities that did not present significant near-term revenue opportunities. In addition, we discontinued our legacy products, including our 125kW product, and postponed our development and certification efforts related to international markets and electric vehicle fast charging. We believe these changes will result in a reduced cash burn in advance of our expected revenue growth.

Financing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2017 resulted in cash inflows of $13,668,474 related primarily to our Private Placement net proceeds of $13,657,331. In the Private Placement, each share of common stock or preferred stock was sold together with a warrant to purchase one share of common stock at a collective price of $2.535. Investors purchased an aggregate of 5,220,826 shares of common stock and 708,430 shares of preferred stock together with warrants to purchase 5,929,256 shares of common stock in the Private Placement for aggregate gross proceeds of $15.0 million. Net cash proceeds

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are after offering fees and expenses, including the placement agent fee of $1.1 million. Financing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 resulted in cash inflows of $11,143 and $35,536, respectively, from the exercise of stock options and warrants.

On December 1, 2014, we filed a Form S-3 shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The registration statement allows us to offer up to an aggregate $75 million of common stock, preferred stock, warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock or any combination thereof and provides us with the flexibility over three years to potentially raise additional equity in public or private offerings on commercial terms. At June 30, 2017, our availability under this registration statement is $58 million.

Off-Balance Sheet Transactions

We do not have any off-balance sheet transactions.

Trends, Events and Uncertainties

The early market for stand-alone storage has been, and continues to be, heavily dependent on California’s Self Generation Incentive Program, or SGIP. The pace and deployment of the SGIP has been slow and, despite in excess of 800 projects being submitted in the first two program stages in 2016 and the first quarter of 2017, few projects have reached the reservation stage where funding has been approved for the specific projects.

Historically, most of our backlog has related to orders for the stand-alone storage market and this backlog has not translated into revenue at the pace we have expected due to the stagnation in stand-alone storage deployments in California. There is significant uncertainty around the pace and timing of growth in this market and we believe the customer representing a majority of our backlog over the last several quarters may have exited the system integration business for commercial and industrial stand-alone storage. This customer exit has had a material adverse impact on our backlog and we are currently evaluating whether we have any recourse against this customer for unfulfilled orders.

In addition, funding has been difficult to secure for many system integration companies in the stand-alone storage market. We are monitoring the financial health and payment history of our customers but a bankruptcy or market exit by any one or more of our customers could further materially and adversely impact our backlog and revenue in this market.

To address the uncertainty surrounding the stand-alone storage market, we have transitioned our focus to the solar + storage market. This market leverages the far larger, and more mature, global solar market and we believe our products solve key customer problems in this market such as demand management, backup power and critical load support that solar only solutions are not capable of addressing. In the next several quarters we expect our revenue growth to be driven by growth in the solar + storage market and, to a lesser extent, the microgrid market.

Other than as discussed above and elsewhere in this report, we are not aware of any trends, events or uncertainties that are likely to have a material effect on our financial condition.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

As a smaller reporting company we are not required to provide this information.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and our Chief Financial Officer (principal financial and accounting officer), has concluded that, as of June 30, 2017, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no other material changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2017 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls

Control systems, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control systems’ objectives are being met. Further, the design of any system of controls must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of all controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of error or mistake. Control systems can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

On May 17, 2017, we provided our prior contract manufacturer (CM) notice that it was in breach of the Master Supply Agreement (MSA) between the parties. On May 19, 2017, we received notice from CM that we were allegedly in breach of the MSA. On June 23, 2017, we received a Notice of Arbitration from CM alleging claims against us and demanding recovery for alleged damages. On July 13, 2017, we responded to CM with a Notice of Defense and Counterclaim. On August 2, 2017, CM provided their response to our Notice of Defense and Counterclaim. The parties are in the process of appointing an arbitrator. At this time, we are unable to estimate the possible loss, if any, associated with this proceeding.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There are no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

On March 3, 2017, we closed on a definitive securities purchase agreement to sell to certain accredited investorsour common stock and preferred stock together with warrants to purchase shares of common stock, or the Private Placement. In the Private Placement, each share of common stock or preferred stock was sold together with a warrant to purchase one share of common stock at a collective price of $2.535. Investors purchased an aggregate of 5,220,826 shares of common stock and 708,430 shares of preferred stock together with warrants to purchase 5,929,256 shares of common stock in the Private Placement for aggregate gross proceeds of $15.0 million. The warrants have an exercise price of $2.41 per share, are non-exercisable for the first six months and will expire three years from the date of issuance. We filed a Registration Statement on Form S-3 covering the resale of the registrable securities on March 31, 2017 with the Commission which was declared effective on April 21, 2017.

Net cash proceeds were $13.7 million after offering fees and expenses, including the placement agent fee of $1.1 million. The placement agent also received 237,170 warrants to purchase shares of common stock as part of its placement agent fee. The placement agent warrant has an exercise price of $2.89 per share, is non-exercisable for 12 months and has a three-year term. We expect to utilize net proceeds from the offering for working capital and general corporate purposes.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.

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ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number	Document
10.1*†	Amendment No. 2 to Employment Agreement between the Company and R. Daniel Brdar dated June 5, 2017
10.2†	Separation and Release Agreement, dated June 2, 2017, between the Company and Ryan O'Keefe (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on June 6, 2017)
31.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule, 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
31.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule, 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*
32.1	Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002**
101.INS	XBRL Instant Document *
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document *
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document *
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document *
10.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document *
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document *

*	Filed herewith
**	Furnished herewith
†	Management contract or compensatory agreement

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant, has duly, caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Dated August 11, 2017	IDEAL POWER INC.
	By:	/s/ R. Daniel Brdar
		R. Daniel Brdar
		Chief Executive Officer
	By:	/s/ Timothy W. Burns
		Timothy W. Burns
		Chief Financial Officer

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EX-10.1

Exhibit 10.1

AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

THIS AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT (this “Amendment”) is made and entered into effective as of June 5, 2017 (the “Effective Date”), by and between Ideal Power Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and R. Daniel Brdar (“Executive”).

WHEREAS, the Company and Executive have agreed to amend that certain Employment Agreement between the Company and Executive, dated January 8, 2014, as amended (the “Agreement”);

WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) has determined, and the parties hereto agree, that it is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders to amend the Agreement as set forth herein in order to remove references to Executive’s former role as Chairman of the Board of the Company; and

WHEREAS, capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the same meanings as set forth in the Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and agreements contained herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Executive and the Company hereby agree as follows:

1.Amendment of Recitals. The first recital of the Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirely to read as follows:

“WHEREAS, Company wishes to retain the services of Executive, and Executive wishes to render services to Company, as its Chief Executive;”

2.Amendment of Section 2. The last paragraph of Section 2 of the Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety.

3.Approval of Amendment. By their signatures below, the Company and Executive hereby adopt this Amendment.

4.Necessary Acts. Each party to this Amendment hereby agrees to perform any further acts and to execute and deliver any further documents that may be necessary or required to carry out the intent and provisions of this Amendment and the transactions contemplated hereby.

5.Governing Law. This Amendment shall be governed in all respects by the internal laws of the State of Texas, without reference to principles of choice of law.

6.Continued Validity. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.

7.Facsimile; Counterparts. This Amendment may be executed by facsimile or other electronic means and in any number of counterparts by the parties hereto, all of which together shall constitute one instrument.

[Signature page follows]

1

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Amendment No. 2 to Employment Agreement effective as of the Effective Date.

		R. Daniel Brdar
Dated:	6/5/2017	/s/ Dan Brdar
		IDEAL POWER INC.
Dated:	6/5/2017	By:	/s/ Timothy Burns
		Name:	Timothy Burns
		Title:	Chief Financial Officer

2

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302(a) OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, R. Daniel Brdar, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Ideal Power Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15-d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 11, 2017

/s/ R. Daniel Brdar

R. Daniel Brdar

Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302(a) OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Timothy W. Burns, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Ideal Power Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15-d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 11, 2017

/s/ Timothy W. Burns

Timothy W. Burns

Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the periodic report of Ideal Power Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), we, R. Daniel Brdar, Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Timothy W. Burns, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) of the Company, hereby certify as of the date hereof, solely for purposes of Title 18, Chapter 63, Section 1350 of the United States Code, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of our knowledge:

(1)         The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and

(2)         The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company at the dates and for the periods indicated.

Date: August 11, 2017

/s/ R. Daniel Brdar

R. Daniel Brdar

Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Timothy W. Burns

Timothy W. Burns

Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2017	Aug. 07, 2017
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Registrant Name	Ideal Power Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0001507957
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Smaller Reporting Company
Trading Symbol	IPWR
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2017
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2017
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		13,996,782

XML

Balance Sheets - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 13,335,908	$ 4,204,916
Accounts receivable, net	205,646	378,658
Inventories, net	366,535	1,245,147
Prepayments and other current assets	252,532	312,593
Total current assets	14,160,621	6,141,314
Property and equipment, net	751,138	936,486
Intangible assets, net	2,099,182	1,905,556
Other assets	0	17,920
Total Assets	17,010,941	9,001,276
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	212,984	346,767
Accrued expenses	1,180,282	1,149,129
Total current liabilities	1,393,266	1,495,896
Other long-term liabilities	489,941	265,418
Total liabilities	1,883,207	1,761,314
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 8)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; 1,518,430 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2017	1,518	0
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 13,998,465 shares issued and 13,996,782 shares outstanding at June 30, 2017 and 9,560,896 shares issued and 9,559,213 shares outstanding at December 31, 2016, respectively	13,998	9,561
Additional paid-in capital	66,471,006	52,310,481
Treasury stock, at cost; 1,683 shares at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016	(5,915)	(5,915)
Accumulated deficit	(51,352,873)	(45,074,165)
Total stockholders’ equity	15,127,734	7,239,962
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$ 17,010,941	$ 9,001,276

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Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Preferred Stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	10,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	1,518,430
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	1,518,430
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized	50,000,000	50,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	13,998,465	9,560,896
Common stock, shares outstanding	13,996,782	9,559,213
Treasury stock, shares	1,683	1,683

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Statements of Operations (unaudited) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2016	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2016
Income Statement [Abstract]
Product revenue	$ 253,370	$ 322,116	$ 529,040	$ 818,760
Cost of product revenue	764,609	298,937	1,475,539	793,691
Gross profit (loss)	(511,239)	23,179	(946,499)	25,069
Operating expenses:
Research and development	1,108,368	1,203,179	2,298,537	2,683,164
General and administrative	1,170,415	881,659	2,076,378	1,801,990
Sales and marketing	427,336	412,433	968,869	824,963
Total operating expenses	2,706,119	2,497,271	5,343,784	5,310,117
Loss from operations	(3,217,358)	(2,474,092)	(6,290,283)	(5,285,048)
Interest income, net	7,034	6,615	11,575	15,224
Net loss	$ (3,210,324)	$ (2,467,477)	$ (6,278,708)	$ (5,269,824)
Net loss per share – basic and fully diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.23)	$ (0.26)	$ (0.50)	$ (0.55)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding – basic and fully diluted (in shares)	13,989,282	9,547,747	12,443,076	9,546,864

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Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2016
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (6,278,708)	$ (5,269,824)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Allowance for doubtful accounts	273,727	15,475
Write-down of inventory	712,083	12,590
Depreciation and amortization	224,926	184,279
Write-off of capitalized patents	202,343	48,773
Write-off of fixed assets	15,036	1,215
Stock-based compensation	498,006	763,326
Decrease (increase) in operating assets:
Accounts receivable	(100,715)	446,261
Inventories	166,529	(627,650)
Prepayments and other current assets	77,981	60,427
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:
Accounts payable	(133,783)	(234,486)
Accrued expenses	(5,627)	(405,761)
Net cash used in operating activities	(4,348,202)	(5,005,375)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment	(18,146)	(297,095)
Acquisition of intangible assets	(171,134)	(203,500)
Net cash used in investing activities	(189,280)	(500,595)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net proceeds from issuance of stock	13,657,331	0
Exercise of options and warrants	11,143	35,536
Net cash provided by financing activities	13,668,474	35,536
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	9,130,992	(5,470,434)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	4,204,916	15,022,286
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$ 13,335,908	$ 9,551,852

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Organization and Description of Business

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Organization and Description of Business

Organization and Description of Business

Ideal Power Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Texas on May 17, 2007 under the name Ideal Power Converters, Inc. The Company changed its name to Ideal Power Inc. on July 8, 2013 and re-incorporated in Delaware on July 15, 2013. With headquarters in Austin, Texas, it develops power conversion solutions with a focus on solar + storage, microgrid applications and stand-alone energy storage. The principal products of the Company are power conversion systems, including 2-port and multi-port products.

Since its inception, the Company has generated limited revenues from the sale of products and has financed its research and development efforts and operations through the sale of common stock and, prior to its initial public offering, the issuance of convertible debt.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission for Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The Balance Sheet at December 31, 2016 has been derived from the Company’s audited financial statements.

In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all normal recurring, and other adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of operating results for an entire fiscal year or any other future periods.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), requiring an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The FASB has recently issued several amendments to the standard, including clarification on accounting for licenses of intellectual property and identifying performance obligations. The standard will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective and permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. The updated standard becomes effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and early adoption is permitted. The Company will not early adopt and the standard is not expected to have a significant effect on the Company’s financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet. Most prominent among the amendments is the recognition of assets and liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous U.S. GAAP. Under the new standard, disclosures are required to meet the objective of enabling users of financial statements to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The new standard will be effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. While the Company is continuing to assess the potential impact of this standard, it expects its lease commitment will be subject to the updated standard and recognized as a lease liability and right-of-use asset upon adoption.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), in order to address eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice. The updated standard is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years with early adoption permitted. The adoption of the standard will not have a significant effect on the Company’s financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting. This ASU provides clarity and reduces both (1) diversity in practice and (2) cost and complexity when applying the guidance in Topic 71 to a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public entities for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The ASU should be applied prospectively on and after the effective date. The Company is evaluating the impact of this ASU.

Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if adopted, would have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

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Accounts Receivable

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Receivables [Abstract]

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Trade receivables	$	392,686		$	430,278
Other receivables	102,147			33,755
	494,833			464,033
Allowance for doubtful accounts	(289,187		)	(85,375		)
	$	205,646		$	378,658

At June 30, 2017, the allowance for doubtful accounts represents trade receivables from three customers which were fully reserved as it was determined that the probability of collection is remote. During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company collected $15,475 and wrote-off $69,900 of its allowance for doubtful accounts. These changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts are reflected within the sales and marketing line item of the statement of operations.

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Inventories

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Inventories

Inventories

Inventories, net consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Raw materials	$	288,650		$	363,195
Finished goods	149,055			941,921
	437,705			1,305,116
Reserve for obsolescence	(71,170		)	(59,969		)
	$	366,535		$	1,245,147

During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company recorded a non-cash inventory charge of $712,083, of which$708,204 is related to excess finished goods inventory of its legacy 125kW battery converter and its end-of-life IBC-30 battery converter and is reflected within the cost of product revenue line item of the statement of operations.

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Property and Equipment

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Machinery and equipment	$	890,264		$	894,228
Building leasehold improvements	395,335			395,335
Furniture, fixtures, software and computers	215,993			228,011
	1,501,592			1,517,574
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(750,454		)	(581,088		)
	$	751,138		$	936,486

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Intangible Assets

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets, net consisted of the following: 

	June 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Patents	$	1,524,994		$	1,556,204
Other intangible assets	732,175			470,870
	2,257,169			2,027,074
Accumulated amortization	(157,987		)	(121,518		)
	$	2,099,182		$	1,905,556

At June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had capitalized $554,216 and $678,410, respectively, for costs related to patents that have not been awarded.

In June 2017, a U.S. patent was issued associated with licensing agreements and the Company recorded an intangible asset and corresponding long-term liability for the estimated present value of future payments of $261,303. The Company is amortizing the capitalized costs over the remaining term of the agreements. For further discussion of the licensing agreements, see Note 8.

Amortization expense amounted to $18,594 and $36,469 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, and $15,705 and $29,067 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively. Amortization expense for the succeeding five years and thereafter is approximately $45,000 (2017), $91,000 (2018-2021) and $1,136,000 (thereafter).

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Accrued Expenses

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]

Accrued Expenses

Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Accrued compensation	$	423,819	$	519,485
Warranty reserve	398,079		335,893
Other	358,384		293,751
	$	1,180,282	$	1,149,129

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Commitments and Contingencies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

Lease

The Company has entered into a lease for 14,782 square feet of office and laboratory space located in Austin, Texas. The triple net lease has a term of 48 months and commenced on June 1, 2014. The annual base rent in the first year of the lease was $154,324 and increases by $3,548 in each succeeding year of the lease. In addition, the Company is required to pay its proportionate share of operating costs for the building.

At June 30, 2017, the remaining annual base rent commitments under the lease are as follows: 

Year Ended December 31,	Amount
2017	$	82,484
2018	68,736
Total	$	151,220

The Company incurred rent expense of $59,418 and $117,074 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, and $55,719 and $111,324 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively.

License Agreement

In 2015, the Company entered into licensing agreements which expire on February 7, 2033. Per the agreements, the Company has an exclusive royalty-free license which enhances its intellectual property portfolio related to semiconductor power switches. The agreements include both fixed and variable payments. The variable payments are a function of the number of associated patent filings pending and patents issued under the agreements. The Company will pay $10,000 for each patent filing pending and $20,000 for each patent issued within 20 days of December 21, 2017 and each subsequent year of the agreement, up to a maximum of $100,000 per year (i.e. five issued patents).

In June 2017, a U.S. patent was issued associated with the agreements and the Company recorded an intangible asset and corresponding long-term liability for the estimated present value of future payments of $261,303. This long-term liability incurred in connection with the patent issuance is a non-cash investing activity with regard to the Company’s statements of cash flows. At June 30, 2017, two patents associated with the agreements had been issued and the estimated present value of future payments under the licensing agreement is $529,941, of which $40,000 is due within 20 days of December 21, 2017 and is included in accrued expenses in the Company's balance sheet. The Company is accruing interest for future payments related to the issued patents associated with the agreement.

Litigation

On May 17, 2017, the Company provided its prior contract manufacturer (CM) notice that it was in breach of the Master Supply Agreement (MSA) between the parties. On May 19, 2017, the Company received notice from CM that the Company was allegedly in breach of the MSA. On June 23, 2017, the Company received a Notice of Arbitration from CM alleging claims against the Company and demanding recovery for alleged damages. On July 13, 2017, the Company responded to CM with a Notice of Defense and Counterclaim. On August 2, 2017, CM provided their response to the Company's Notice of Defense and Counterclaim. The parties are in the process of appointing an arbitrator. At this time, the Company is unable to estimate the possible loss, if any, associated with this proceeding.

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Equity

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Equity [Abstract]

Equity

Equity

On March 3, 2017, the Company closed on a definitive securities purchase agreement, or Private Placement, to sell the Company’s common stock and preferred stock together with warrants to purchase shares of common stock. In the Private Placement, each share of common stock or preferred stock was sold together with a warrant to purchase one share of common stock at a collective price of $2.535. Investors purchased an aggregate of 5,220,826 shares of common stock and 708,430 shares of preferred stock together with warrants to purchase 5,929,256 shares of common stock in the Private Placement for aggregate gross proceeds of $15 million. Net cash proceeds were $13,657,331 after offering fees and expenses, including the placement agent fee of approximately $1.1 million. The Company expects to utilize net proceeds from the offering for working capital and general corporate purposes.

In February 2017, the Company's Board of Directors authorized Series A Convertible Preferred Stock consisting of 3,000,000 shares. Each share of the preferred stock has a par value of $0.001 and a stated value of $2.535 and is convertible at any time at the option of the holder into one share of common stock. The holder cannot convert the preferred stock to the extent its beneficial ownership would exceed 4.99% of the Company's common stock outstanding, subject to adjustment as provided in the Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. The shares have no voting power, no liquidation preference or additional dividend entitlements. In the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company issued 1,518,430 shares of the Company's Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.

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Equity Incentive Plan

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Equity Incentive Plan

Equity Incentive Plan

On May 17, 2013, the Company adopted the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) and reserved shares of common stock for issuance under the Plan. The Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors. At June 30, 2017, 708,953 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the Plan.

During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company granted 83,625 stock options to Board members and 84,100 stock options to employees under the Plan. The estimated fair value of these stock options, calculated using the Black-Scholes option valuation model, was $296,107, of which $84,368 was recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2017.

During the six months ended June 30, 2017, 96,000 performance stock units (“PSUs”) were forfeited by employees as the continued service conditions were not achieved. The PSUs were initially granted in 2015 and, due to the forfeiture, the Company reversed $174,804 of stock-based compensation expense in the three months ended June 30, 2017.

During the six months ended June 30, 2017, 26,743 options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock were exercised resulting in net proceeds of $11,143.

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information is as follows:

	Stock Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2016	1,385,204		$	6.89	7.5
Granted	167,725		$	2.99
Exercised	(26,743	)	$	0.42
Forfeited/Expired/Exchanged	(125,551	)	$	7.39
Outstanding at June 30, 2017	1,400,635		$	6.50	7.3
Exercisable at June 30, 2017	829,623		$	6.55	6.9

At June 30, 2017, there was $1,739,406 of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested equity awards granted under the Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years.

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Warrants

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Warrants and Rights Note Disclosure [Abstract]

Warrants

Warrants

In connection with the Private Placement, investors received warrants to purchase 5,929,256 shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $2.41 per share, are non-exercisable for the first six months and will expire three years from the date of issuance. The placement agent also received 237,170 warrants to purchase shares of common stock as part of its placement agent fee. The placement agent warrant has an exercise price of $2.89 per share, is non-exercisable for 12 months and has a three-year term. The warrants contain a provision to protect investors from potential future dilutive events, or a down-round provision. The Company estimated the fair value of the down-round provision by utilizing a Monte Carlo valuation model and determined the fair value associated with the down-round provision was immaterial.

A summary of the Company’s common stock warrant activity and related information is as follows:

	Warrants		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2016	1,398,653		$	4.57	2.5
Granted	6,166,426		$	2.43
Forfeited/Expired/Exchanged	(84,000	)	$	6.25
Outstanding at June 30, 2017	7,481,079		$	2.79	2.6

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission for Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The Balance Sheet at December 31, 2016 has been derived from the Company’s audited financial statements.

In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all normal recurring, and other adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of operating results for an entire fiscal year or any other future periods.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), requiring an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The FASB has recently issued several amendments to the standard, including clarification on accounting for licenses of intellectual property and identifying performance obligations. The standard will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective and permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. The updated standard becomes effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and early adoption is permitted. The Company will not early adopt and the standard is not expected to have a significant effect on the Company’s financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet. Most prominent among the amendments is the recognition of assets and liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous U.S. GAAP. Under the new standard, disclosures are required to meet the objective of enabling users of financial statements to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The new standard will be effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. While the Company is continuing to assess the potential impact of this standard, it expects its lease commitment will be subject to the updated standard and recognized as a lease liability and right-of-use asset upon adoption.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), in order to address eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice. The updated standard is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years with early adoption permitted. The adoption of the standard will not have a significant effect on the Company’s financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting. This ASU provides clarity and reduces both (1) diversity in practice and (2) cost and complexity when applying the guidance in Topic 71 to a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public entities for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The ASU should be applied prospectively on and after the effective date. The Company is evaluating the impact of this ASU.

Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if adopted, would have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

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Accounts Receivable (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Receivables [Abstract]

Schedule of Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Trade receivables	$	392,686		$	430,278
Other receivables	102,147			33,755
	494,833			464,033
Allowance for doubtful accounts	(289,187		)	(85,375		)
	$	205,646		$	378,658

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Inventories (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Inventories, Net

Inventories, net consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Raw materials	$	288,650		$	363,195
Finished goods	149,055			941,921
	437,705			1,305,116
Reserve for obsolescence	(71,170		)	(59,969		)
	$	366,535		$	1,245,147

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Property and Equipment (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Machinery and equipment	$	890,264		$	894,228
Building leasehold improvements	395,335			395,335
Furniture, fixtures, software and computers	215,993			228,011
	1,501,592			1,517,574
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(750,454		)	(581,088		)
	$	751,138		$	936,486

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Intangible Assets (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Intangible Assets, Net

Intangible assets, net consisted of the following: 

	June 30, 2017			December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Patents	$	1,524,994		$	1,556,204
Other intangible assets	732,175			470,870
	2,257,169			2,027,074
Accumulated amortization	(157,987		)	(121,518		)
	$	2,099,182		$	1,905,556

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Accrued Expenses (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]

Schedule of Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following:

	June 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
	(unaudited)
Accrued compensation	$	423,819	$	519,485
Warranty reserve	398,079		335,893
Other	358,384		293,751
	$	1,180,282	$	1,149,129

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Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Annual Base Rent

At June 30, 2017, the remaining annual base rent commitments under the lease are as follows: 

Year Ended December 31,	Amount
2017	$	82,484
2018	68,736
Total	$	151,220

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Equity Incentive Plan (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Stock Option Activity and Related Information

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information is as follows:

	Stock Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2016	1,385,204		$	6.89	7.5
Granted	167,725		$	2.99
Exercised	(26,743	)	$	0.42
Forfeited/Expired/Exchanged	(125,551	)	$	7.39
Outstanding at June 30, 2017	1,400,635		$	6.50	7.3
Exercisable at June 30, 2017	829,623		$	6.55	6.9

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Warrants (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2017

Warrants and Rights Note Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Warrants

A summary of the Company’s common stock warrant activity and related information is as follows:

	Warrants		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2016	1,398,653		$	4.57	2.5
Granted	6,166,426		$	2.43
Forfeited/Expired/Exchanged	(84,000	)	$	6.25
Outstanding at June 30, 2017	7,481,079		$	2.79	2.6

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Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Receivables [Abstract]
Trade receivables	$ 392,686	$ 430,278
Other receivables	102,147	33,755
Accounts receivable, gross, current	494,833	464,033
Allowance for doubtful accounts	(289,187)	(85,375)
Accounts receivable, net, current	$ 205,646	$ 378,658

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Accounts Receivable - Textual (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($)
Receivables [Abstract]
Collection of doubtful accounts	$ 15,475
Write-off of allowance for doubtful accounts receivable	$ 69,900

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Inventories (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Raw materials	$ 288,650	$ 363,195
Finished goods	149,055	941,921
Inventory, gross	437,705	1,305,116
Reserve for obsolescence	71,170	59,969
Inventory, net, total	$ 366,535	$ 1,245,147

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Inventories - Textual (Details) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2016
Inventory [Line Items]
Write-down of inventory	$ 712,083	$ 12,590
125kW and IBC-30 battery converters
Inventory [Line Items]
Write-down of inventory	$ 708,204

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Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 1,501,592	$ 1,517,574
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(750,454)	(581,088)
Property and equipment, net	751,138	936,486
Machinery and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	890,264	894,228
Building leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	395,335	395,335
Furniture, fixtures, software and computers
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 215,993	$ 228,011

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Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets, gross	$ 2,257,169	$ 2,027,074
Accumulated amortization	(157,987)	(121,518)
Intangible assets, net	2,099,182	1,905,556
Patents
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets, gross	1,524,994	1,556,204
Other intangible assets
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets, gross	$ 732,175	$ 470,870

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Intangible Assets - Textual (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2016	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangibles	$ 2,257,169		$ 2,257,169		$ 2,027,074
Long-term liability for estimated present value of future payments under licensing agreement, non-current	529,941		529,941
Amortization of intangible assets	18,594	$ 15,705	36,469	$ 29,067
Remainder of 2017	45,000		45,000
2018	91,000		91,000
2019	91,000		91,000
2020	91,000		91,000
2021	91,000		91,000
Thereafter	1,136,000		1,136,000
Patents
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Capitalized costs for costs related to patents that have not been awarded			554,216		678,410
Finite-lived intangibles	1,524,994		1,524,994		$ 1,556,204
Licensing agreements
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangibles	261,303		261,303
Long-term liability for estimated present value of future payments under licensing agreement, non-current	$ 261,303		$ 261,303

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Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]
Accrued compensation	$ 423,819	$ 519,485
Warranty reserve	398,079	335,893
Other	358,384	293,751
Accrued expenses, total	$ 1,180,282	$ 1,149,129

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Commitments and Contingencies (Details)	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
2017	$ 82,484
2018	68,736
Total	$ 151,220

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Commitments and Contingencies - Textual (Details)		1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 01, 2014 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($) ft²	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($) ft²	Jun. 30, 2016 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($) ft² patent	Jun. 30, 2016 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($) patent	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Rent expense			$ 59,418	$ 55,719	$ 117,074	$ 111,324
Payment for each patent issued					171,134	$ 203,500
Maximum number of patents that may be issued each year (in patents) | patent							5
Finite-lived intangibles		$ 2,257,169	2,257,169		$ 2,257,169			$ 2,027,074
Number of patents issued | patent					2
Long-term liability for estimated present value of future payments under licensing agreement, non-current		529,941	529,941		$ 529,941
Long-term liabilitiy for estimated present value of future payments, current		$ 40,000	40,000		40,000
License agreements payment period		20 days
Licensing agreements
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangibles		$ 261,303	261,303		261,303
Long-term liability for estimated present value of future payments under licensing agreement, non-current		261,303	261,303		261,303
Patents
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangibles		$ 1,524,994	$ 1,524,994		$ 1,524,994			$ 1,556,204
Licensing agreements | Patents
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Payment for each patent filing pending							$ 10,000
Payment for each patent issued							$ 20,000
License agreements payment period							20 days
Licensing agreements | Patents | Maximum
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Payment for each patent issued							$ 100,000
Office and laboratory space
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Square feet of office and laboratory space leased | ft²		14,782	14,782		14,782
Term of triple net lease	48 months
Annual base rent in the first year	$ 154,324
Increase in base rent each succeeding year		$ 3,548	$ 3,548		$ 3,548

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Equity - Textual (Details)		1 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 03, 2017 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Feb. 28, 2017 $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2016 USD ($)
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Net proceeds from the issuance of stock | $			$ 13,657,331	$ 0
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)			10,000,000
Preferred Stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares			$ 0.001
Private Placement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares called by each warrant (in shares)	1
Sale of stock and warrants (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 2.535
Number of shares called by warrants (in shares)	5,929,256
Gross proceeds from the issuance of equity | $	$ 15,000,000
Net proceeds from the issuance of stock | $	13,657,331
Payments of stock issuance costs | $	$ 1,100,000
Private Placement | Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued in transaction (in shares)	5,220,826
Private Placement | Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares issued in transaction (in shares)	708,430
Convertible preferred stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)		3,000,000
Preferred Stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 0.001
Preferred Stock, stated value, per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 2.535
Conversion ratio		1
Maximum beneficial ownership, percentage		4.99%
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)			1,518,430

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Equity Incentive Plan - Textual (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Net proceeds from issuance of stock		$ 13,657,331	$ 0
Employee stock option
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock options granted (in shares)		167,725
Options exercised (in shares)		26,743
Employees | Phantom share units (PSUs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Compensation expense (reversal of) associated with grants	$ (174,804)
Shares forfeited in period (in shares)		96,000
Equity Incentive 2013 Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share of common stock available for issuance under the Plan (in shares)	708,953	708,953
Unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangement	$ 1,739,406	$ 1,739,406
Weighted average period for recognition		1 year 9 months 18 days
Equity Incentive 2013 Plan | Employee stock option
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Value of options granted		$ 296,107
Compensation expense (reversal of) associated with grants		$ 84,368
Options exercised (in shares)		26,743
Net proceeds from issuance of stock		$ 11,143
Equity Incentive 2013 Plan | Director
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock options granted (in shares)		83,625
Equity Incentive 2013 Plan | Employees
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock options granted (in shares)		84,100

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Equity Incentive Plan (Details) - $ / shares	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share):
Outstanding term	2 years 7 months 6 days	2 years 6 months
Employee stock option
Stock Options (in shares):
Outstanding, beginning of period (in shares)	1,385,204
Granted (in shares)	167,725
Exercised (in shares)	(26,743)
Forfeitures/Expired/Exchanged (in shares)	(125,551)
Outstanding, ending of period (in shares)	1,400,635	1,385,204
Exercisable at June 30, 2017 (in shares)	829,623
Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share):
Outstanding, beginning of period (in dollars per share)	$ 6.89
Granted (in dollars per share)	2.99
Exercised (in dollars per share)	0.42
Forfeitures/Expired/Exchanged (in dollars per share)	7.39
Outstanding, ending of period (in dollars per share)	6.50	$ 6.89
Exercisable at June 30, 2017 (in dollars per share)	$ 6.55
Outstanding term	7 years 3 months 18 days	7 years 6 months
Exercisable at June 30, 2017	6 years 10 months 24 days

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Warrants - Textual (Details) - Private Placement	Mar. 03, 2017 $ / shares shares
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of shares called by warrants (in shares) | shares	5,929,256
Definitive securities purchase agreement
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants exercise price of warrants (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 2.41
Warrants non-exercisable period of warrants	6 months
Warrants expiration period	3 years
Placement agent warrant
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of shares called by warrants (in shares) | shares	237,170
Warrants exercise price of warrants (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 2.89
Warrants non-exercisable period of warrants	12 months

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Warrants (Details) - $ / shares	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years)
Outstanding term	2 years 7 months 6 days	2 years 6 months
Warrant
Warrants (in shares):
Outstanding, beginning of period (in shares)	1,398,653
Granted (in shares)	6,166,426
Forfeited/Expired/Exchanged (in shares)	(84,000)
Outstanding, ending of period (in shares)	7,481,079	1,398,653
Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share):
Outstanding, beginning of period (in dollars per share)	$ 4.57
Weighted average exercise price, granted (in dollars per share)	2.43
Weighted average exercise price, forfeited/expired/exchanged (in dollars per share)	6.25
Outstanding, ending of period (in dollars per share)	$ 2.79	$ 4.57