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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"). The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for interim financial reporting. In the opinion of management of the Company, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and include all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary for a fair presentation. The results of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2018 or for any other period.
The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 9, 2018.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Significant items subject to such estimates include allowance for doubtful accounts, stock-based compensation, contingent consideration, acquired intangible assets, the useful lives of intangible assets and property and equipment, and income taxes. In accordance with GAAP, management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Management regularly evaluates its estimates and assumptions using historical experience and other factors; however, actual results could differ from those estimates.
Concentrations of Credit Risk and Significant Customers
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are placed with high-quality financial institutions, which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in these accounts, and the Company does not believe it is exposed to any significant credit risk related to cash and cash equivalents. The Company provides credit, in the normal course of business, to a number of its customers. The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers and generally does not require collateral. No individual customer represented more than 10% of total revenues in the three months ended June 30, 2018 or for the year ended December 31, 2017, or more than 10% of accounts receivable as of June 30, 2018 or December 31, 2017.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company’s financial instruments consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable, and long–term debt. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate fair value, primarily due to short maturities. The carrying values of the Company’s debt instruments approximated their fair value based on rates currently available to the Company.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted
In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 related to reporting comprehensive income, which gives entities the option to reclassify to retained earnings the tax effects resulting from the Tax Act related to items in Additional Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI) that the FASB refers to as having been “stranded” in AOCI.  The guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and is applicable to the Company in fiscal year 2019; however, early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of ASU 2018-02 will have on its financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. The new standard supersedes the present U.S. GAAP standard on leases and requires substantially all leases to be reported on the balance sheet as right-of-use assets and lease obligations. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted and in the original guidance the modified retrospective application was required, however, in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11 which permits entities with another transition method in which the effective date would be the date of initial application of transition. Under this optional transition method, we would recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. We expect to elect the optional transition method. We plan to adopt the new standard on its effective date of January 1, 2019. We anticipate adoption of the standard will not significantly impact results. We plan to elect the practical expedients upon transition that will retain the lease classification and initial direct costs for any leases that exist prior to adoption of the standard. We will not reassess whether any contracts entered into prior to adoption are leases. We are in the process of cataloging our existing lease contracts and implementing changes to our systems.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which changes the impairment model for most financial assets. The new model uses a forward-looking expected loss method, which will generally result in earlier recognition of allowances for losses. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and early adoption is permitted for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have on its financial statements.
Recently adopted accounting pronouncements
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07 which simplifies the accounting for share-based payments to nonemployees by aligning it with the accounting for share-based payments to employees, with certain exceptions. For public business entities, the guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those annual periods, however, early adoption is permitted.  Although nonemployee directors do not satisfy the definition of employee, under FASB guidance, the Company's nonemployee directors acting in their role as members of a board of directors are treated as employees as those directors were elected by the Company's shareholders. Therefore, awards granted to these nonemployee directors for their services as directors already were accounted for as employee awards.  The Company adopted ASU 2018-07 during the second quarter of 2018. We adopted ASU 2018-07 during the second quarter of 2018 with no impact on our financial statements.
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Updated (“ASU”) 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, to replace existing revenue recognition rules with a single comprehensive model to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. Under this ASU and the associated subsequent amendments (collectively, “ASC 606”), revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services for an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, ASC 606 requires expanded disclosure of the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers.
The Company adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 for all contracts using the modified retrospective method.  We recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. We expect the impact of the adoption of the new revenue standard to be immaterial to our net income on an ongoing basis.
A majority of our sales revenue continues to be recognized ratably over the applicable term of the respective subscription or maintenance contracts. For most sales commissions formerly expensed as incurred, other than for perpetual license commissions which will continue to be expensed as incurred, we are now amortizing these costs to the consolidated statements of income over the shorter of 1) the expected life of our customer relationships, which we have determined to be approximately 6 years, or 2) the life of the related technology.
For further discussion about changes to Significant Accounting Policies impacted by the adoption of 2014-09 (Topic 606), see Note 10. Revenue.
The cumulative effect of the changes made to our consolidated January 1, 2018 balance sheet for the adoption of ASC 606 were as follows (in thousands):
Balance Sheet
 Balance at December 31, 2017
 
 Adjustments Due to ASC 606
 
 Balance at January 1, 2018
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred commissions, current
$

 
$
2,070

 
$
2,070

Deferred commissions, noncurrent

 
4,447

 
4,447

 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred revenue (current)
43,807

 
225

 
44,032

 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated deficit
$
(81,128
)
 
$
6,292

 
$
(74,836
)

In accordance with the new revenue standard requirements, the disclosure of the impact of adoption on our consolidated income statement and balance sheet for the periods ended June 30, 2018 was as follows (in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Income statement
 As Reported
 
 Balances Without Adoption of ASC 606
 
 Effect of Change
Higher/ (Lower)
 
 As Reported
 
 Balances Without Adoption of ASC 606
 
 Effect of Change
Higher/ (Lower)
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Perpetual license
683

 
752

 
(69
)
 
2,309

 
2,059

 
250

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales & marketing
5,248

 
5,610

 
(362
)
 
9,656

 
10,239

 
(583
)
During the three months ended June 30, 2018 and the six months ended June 30, 2018, the effect on earnings per share of the adoption of ASC 606 was an increase in earnings per share of $0.01 and $0.04, respectively.
 
As of June 30, 2018
Balance Sheet
As Reported
 
Balances Without Adoption of ASC 606
 
Effect of Change
Higher/ (Lower)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred commissions, current
$
2,185

 
$
(239
)
 
$
2,424

Deferred commissions, noncurrent
5,023

 
347

 
4,676

 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred revenue (current)
44,388

 
44,140

 
(248
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated deficit
$
(83,227
)
 
$
(88,686
)
 
$
(5,459
)

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Clarifying the Definition of a Business, which revises the definition of a business and assists in the evaluation of when a set of transferred assets and activities is a business. ASU 2017-01 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and should be applied prospectively. Early adoption is permitted under certain circumstances. The Company adopted ASU 2017-01 during the first quarter of 2018. No impact on the financial statements was recorded as a result of the adoption of ASU 2017-01.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. ASU 2017-04 eliminates step two of the goodwill impairment test and specifies that goodwill impairment should be measured by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. Additionally, the amount of goodwill allocated to each reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount of net assets should be disclosed. ASU 2017-04 is effective for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests performed in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019; early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2017-04 during the first quarter of 2018. No impact on the financial statements was recorded as a result of the adoption of ASU 2017-04.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. ASU 2016-15 is intended to add or clarify guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows and to eliminate the diversity in practice related to such classifications. The guidance in ASU 2016-15 is required for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2016-15 during the first quarter of 2017. No additional disclosure was deemed necessary upon the adoption of ASU 2016-15. No impact on the financial statements was recorded as a result of the adoption of ASU 2016-15.