424B4 1 d258108d424b4.htm PROSPECTUS Prospectus
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Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(4)
Registration No. 333-179556

Prospectus

6,660,000 shares

 

LOGO

Ordinary shares

This is the initial public offering of ordinary shares by Caesarstone Sdot-Yam Ltd. Caesarstone is selling 6,660,000 ordinary shares. The initial public offering price is $11.00 per share.

Our ordinary shares have been approved for listing on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “CSTE”.

 

        Per share        Total  

Initial public offering price

     $ 11.00         $ 73,260,000   

Underwriting discounts and commissions

     $ 0.715         $ 4,761,900   

Proceeds to Caesarstone, before expenses

     $ 10.285         $ 68,498,100   

Caesarstone has granted the underwriters an over-allotment option for a period of 30 days to purchase up to 999,000 additional ordinary shares at the initial public offering price.

Investing in our ordinary shares involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk factors” beginning on page 14.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The underwriters expect to deliver the ordinary shares to purchasers on March 27, 2012.

 

 

 

J.P. Morgan   Barclays   Credit Suisse
Baird     Stifel Nicolaus Weisel

March 21, 2012


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LOGO

We all know that a home is more than just a space; it’s a place to make your own. At Caesarstone, we’re here to make that possible. We do that by getting creative with our quartz. We’ve created more colors, more styles and more combinations. So however you want to express yourself, With Caesarstone- you can. back front wing caesarstone


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Table of Contents

Table of contents

 

    Page  

Prospectus summary

    1   

Risk factors

    14   

Special note regarding forward-looking statements

    43   

Functional currency and exchange rate information

    44   

Use of proceeds

    45   

Dividend policy

    46   

Capitalization

    47   

Dilution

    49   

Selected consolidated financial and other data

    51   

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

    57   

Business

    92   

Management

    113   

Principal shareholders

    138   

Certain relationships and related party transactions

    140   

Description of share capital

    150   

Shares eligible for future sale

    157   

Taxation and government programs

    159   

Underwriting

    172   

Legal matters

    179   

Experts

    179   

Enforceability of civil liabilities

    180   

Where you can find additional information

    182   

Index to consolidated financial statements

    F-1   

 

 

Neither we nor any of the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide information different from that contained in this prospectus, any amendment or supplement to this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus prepared by us or on our behalf. When you make a decision about whether to invest in our ordinary shares, you should not rely upon any information other than the information in this prospectus and any free writing prospectus prepared by us or on our behalf. Neither the delivery of this prospectus nor the sale of our ordinary shares means that information contained in this prospectus is correct after the date of this prospectus. This prospectus is not an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to buy these ordinary shares in any circumstances under which the offer or solicitation is unlawful.

Our functional currency is the New Israeli Shekel (NIS); however, our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. Our consolidated financial statements have been translated into U.S. dollars using the current rate method as follows: assets and liabilities are reflected using the exchange rate at the balance sheet date; revenues and expenses are reflected at the average exchange rate for the

 

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relevant period; and equity accounts are reflected using the exchange rate at the relevant transaction date. All other balance sheet accounts are reflected using the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Translation gains and losses are reported as a component of shareholders’ equity. Other financial data appearing in this prospectus that are not included in our consolidated financial statements and that relate to transactions that occurred prior to December 31, 2011 are reflected using the exchange rate on the relevant transaction date. With respect to all future transactions, U.S. dollar translations of New Israeli Shekel amounts presented in this prospectus are translated at the rate of $1.00 = NIS 3.821, the representative exchange rate published by the Bank of Israel as of December 30, 2011.

Market and industry data and forecasts

This prospectus includes data, forecasts and information obtained from industry publications and surveys and other information available to us. Some data is also based on our good faith estimates, which are derived from management’s knowledge of the industry and independent sources. Forecasts and other metrics included in this prospectus to describe the countertop industry are inherently uncertain and speculative in nature and actual results for any period may materially differ. We have not independently verified any of the data from third-party sources, nor have we ascertained the underlying assumptions relied upon therein. While we are not aware of any misstatements regarding the industry data presented herein, estimates and forecasts involve uncertainties and risks and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under the headings “Special note regarding forward-looking statements” and “Risk factors” in this prospectus. We believe our internal research is reliable, even though such research has not been verified by any independent sources. Unless otherwise noted in this prospectus, Freedonia Custom Research, Inc. (“Freedonia”) is the source for third-party industry data and forecasts. The Freedonia Report, dated June 29, 2011, that we commissioned for this offering, represents data, research opinion or viewpoints developed on our behalf and does not constitute a specific guide to action. In preparing the Freedonia Report, Freedonia used various sources, including publicly available third-party financial statements; government statistical reports; press releases; industry magazines; and interviews with manufacturers of related products (including us), manufacturers of competitive products, distributors of related products, and government and trade associations. The Freedonia Report speaks as of its final publication date and not as of the date of this prospectus, and the opinions and forecasts expressed in the Freedonia Report are subject to change by Freedonia without notice. We have inquired of Freedonia, and been informed by Freedonia that as of the date of this prospectus, there has been no change in the Freedonia Report.

 

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Prospectus summary

This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary does not contain all the information that you should consider before deciding to invest in our ordinary shares. You should read the entire prospectus carefully, including “Risk factors” and our consolidated financial statements and notes to those consolidated financial statements, before making an investment decision.

Caesarstone overview

We are a leading manufacturer of high quality engineered quartz surfaces sold under our premium Caesarstone brand. Although the use of quartz is relatively new, it is the fastest growing material in the countertop industry and continues to take market share from other materials, such as granite, manufactured solid surfaces and laminate. Between 1999 and 2010, global engineered quartz sales to end-consumers grew at a compound annual growth rate of 16.4% compared to a 4.4% compound annual growth rate in total global countertop sales to end-consumers during the same period. We believe that our strong brand awareness, leading market position, broad and innovative product offering and comprehensive market support provide us with substantial competitive advantages.

Founded in 1987, Caesarstone is a pioneer in the engineered quartz surfaces industry. Our products consist of engineered quartz slabs that are currently sold in 42 countries through a combination of direct sales in certain markets and indirectly through a network of independent distributors in other markets. In 2011, we acquired our former U.S. distributor and now generate the substantial majority of our revenues in the United States from direct distribution of our products. Our products are primarily used as kitchen countertops in the renovation and remodeling end markets. Other applications include vanity tops, wall panels, back splashes, floor tiles, stairs and other interior surfaces that are used in a variety of residential and non-residential applications. Our products’ hardness, as well as their non-porous characteristics, offer superior scratch, stain and heat resistance, making them extremely durable and ideal for kitchen and other applications relative to competing products such as granite, manufactured solid surfaces and laminate. Through our innovative design and manufacturing processes we are able to offer a wide variety of colors, styles, designs and textures.

From 2005 to 2007, our revenue grew at a compound annual growth rate of 37.9%, and during the more challenging global economic environment from 2007 to 2011, at a compound annual growth rate of 18.7%. In 2011, we generated revenue of $259.7 million, net income attributable to controlling interest of $29.1 million, adjusted EBITDA of $58.8 million and adjusted net income of $34.8 million. See “—Summary consolidated financial and other data” for a description of how we define adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income and reconciliations of net income to adjusted EBITDA and net income attributable to controlling interest to adjusted net income. In 2011, our three largest markets, Australia, the United States and IsraeI, accounted for 34.0%, 23.0% and 14.9% of our total revenue, respectively.

 

 

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Industry overview

The global countertop industry generated $68.0 billion in sales to end-consumers in 2010 based on average installed price, which includes installation and other related costs. Sales to end-consumers include sales to the end-consumers of countertops as opposed to sales at the wholesale level from manufacturers to fabricators and/or distributors. The largest countertop markets by sales are Asia Pacific, Western Europe and North America, each with sales to end-consumers of between $16.2 billion and $17.6 billion in 2010. Laminate accounted for the largest portion of global countertop sales by volume in 2010, followed by manufactured solid surfaces and granite. Countertops have both residential and non-residential applications. We believe they are primarily installed in residential kitchens and bathrooms in new construction and home renovation and remodeling projects. In 2010, the majority of countertops were used in residential applications.

The strength, durability and appearance of engineered quartz, as well as the low maintenance it requires, make it ideal for kitchen and bathroom applications, as well as for other applications such as floors, sinks, stairs and walls. In July 2011, quartz received the highest overall score among countertop materials from Consumer Reports Magazine, a leading provider of third-party consumer product reviews, based on performance in several tests, including resistance to staining, heat, cutting and abrasions, as well as price. Between 1999 and 2010, global engineered quartz sales to end-consumers grew at a compound annual growth rate of 16.4%. In comparison, global countertop sales to end-consumers grew at a compound annual growth rate of 4.4% during the same period. As of 2010, engineered quartz had penetrated only 4.3% of the global countertop market by volume and is in the early stages of penetration in most markets compared to other countertop materials, such as granite, manufactured solid surfaces and laminate. Engineered quartz penetration of the global countertop market by sales increased from 2% in 1999 to 7% in 2010. We believe that growth in the engineered quartz surfaces market is being driven by increasing awareness of the material’s superior quality and characteristics.

Current penetration of engineered quartz surfaces by geographic region varies considerably. For example, in the United States, which accounted for 20% of global countertop sales to end-consumers in 2010, engineered quartz surfaces have penetrated approximately 5% of the countertop market by volume. In certain markets, including Australia and Israel, engineered quartz surfaces have already significantly penetrated the market and represented 32% and 82% of the total countertop market by volume in these countries in 2010, respectively. These levels highlight the penetration opportunity available to engineered quartz.

The engineered quartz surface manufacturing industry is highly fragmented. Engineered quartz surface manufacturers usually sell quartz slabs to a network of distributors that resell primarily to fabricators. Typically, fabricators are hired by contractors, developers and end-consumers to install the slabs at a project site. The engineered quartz surfaces manufacturing industry is characterized by limited vertical integration with few manufacturers controlling their own distribution or pursuing a global brand strategy.

Demand for countertops is primarily driven by the renovation and remodeling of existing homes and the construction of new homes, which are affected by changes in national and local economic conditions, demographics and unemployment levels. Despite the recent economic downturn, we believe that the home building and renovation and remodeling market will

 

 

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recover and drive long-term demand for countertops. We also believe that rising incomes in developing areas such as China and Latin America will contribute to growing long-term demand for countertops.

Competitive strengths

Our competitive strengths include:

 

 

Global market leader in the high growth engineered quartz surfaces market.    In 1987, we introduced the first engineered quartz surface to the countertop marketplace. We have grown to become the largest provider of engineered quartz surfaces for countertops in Australia, Canada, Israel, France and South Africa, and have significant market share in the United States and Singapore. Our products accounted for approximately 13% of global engineered quartz sales by volume in 2010. As a leading global manufacturer, we believe that we are well positioned to benefit from attractive growth and substantial penetration opportunities in the engineered quartz countertop segment.

 

 

Premium global brand with superior product characteristics.    We have invested considerable resources to position Caesarstone as a premium brand and our products as the “ultimate surface” within the global countertop market. We developed our premium brand through our product’s innovative designs, aesthetics, quality and strength. By regularly offering new designs and frequently being the first to introduce them to the marketplace, we have fostered our brand image as a leading design innovator in the global engineered quartz surfaces industry. The installation of a Caesarstone surface is often viewed as a statement about the quality of an entire kitchen or home, thereby adding value beyond the Caesarstone surface itself.

 

 

Proven ability to enter, develop and lead markets.    We have a proven track-record of achieving leading positions in our key markets, Australia, the United States, Israel and Canada, and entering new markets. We have accelerated the penetration and growth of Caesarstone products by specifically targeting markets with an existing demand for stone products with stone installation capabilities. We are implementing our business model in key growth markets, including the United States and Canada. We have a successful track record of penetrating our markets. For example, when we entered the Australian market in 1998 engineered quartz surfaces represented a de minimis share of the overall countertop market. We have helped increase engineered quartz surfaces to approximately 32% of the Australian countertop market by volume and achieved a 59% share by volume of the Australian engineered quartz market in 2010.

 

 

Strong global distribution platform.    We have developed a strong global distribution platform in 42 countries worldwide. Our sales strategy is tailored to the dynamics of each market in which we operate. In select markets, we have pursued a third-party distribution strategy to accelerate our entry into, and penetration of, multiple markets more rapidly. As a result of our investments in our distribution platform and our success in penetrating markets, we have a significant number of product displays globally, including displays at over 8,000 locations in the United States. We believe that our market infrastructure and significant experience are difficult for competitors to replicate.

 

 

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Superior manufacturing capabilities.    With 25 years of manufacturing experience, we have established our position as a leading manufacturer recognized for quality, innovation and design. We have customized our manufacturing processes in order to maximize the consistency, durability, flexibility and crack resistance of our products, while increasing the efficiency of our production lines. Together with our research and development capabilities, our manufacturing expertise has enabled us to develop a number of aesthetically distinct product collections.

 

 

Attractive financial profile.    We have enjoyed strong growth metrics, margins and free cash flow as a result of our proven business model, the success of our Caesarstone branded products, attractive market dynamics for quartz surfaces, our diverse geographic presence and our efficient manufacturing facilities. Despite the challenging global economic conditions, our revenues grew at a compound annual growth rate of 18.7% from 2007 to 2011. According to Freedonia, the global countertop market remained flat from 2007 to 2010. From 2007 to 2011, our gross profit margins grew from 27.4% to 40.2%, adjusted EBITDA margins grew from 18.4% to 22.6% and adjusted net income margins grew from 9.2% to 13.4%. We attribute this sales and margin growth to the acquisition of the business of our former Australian and U.S. distributors, and our transition to direct distribution in Canada, our penetration of new markets, increasing operational efficiencies and a change in our product mix. While our margins are subject to short-term pressure due to recent raw material price increases, we believe we have an attractive long-term financial profile.

 

 

Experienced management team.    Our senior management has extensive experience in manufacturing and global product branding and has an average of 18 years of executive management experience. In addition to substantial operational, marketing and research and development experience, many of our senior executives, including our Chief Executive Officer, Yosef Shiran, have significant experience leading public companies with a global presence.

Our strategy

We intend to pursue the following strategies in order to enhance our product brand and market share, build economies of scale in our business, and grow our revenues and net income:

 

 

Expand awareness of our premium brand.    We intend to continue to strengthen our brand primarily through continued investment in product innovation supported by strong research and development initiatives, marketing activities and the establishment of long-term relationships with distribution partners around the world. Since 2003, we have launched multiple new product collections, including Concetto, Motivo and Supremo, in order to further enhance the profile of our brand and expand our product line within the high end consumer segment. We intend to continue developing engineered quartz surfaces with new and innovative characteristics related to color, design, texture and thickness as well as promoting other applications for our products, such as high-end flooring and bathroom wall cladding.

 

 

Focus on key markets.    We believe that a significant portion of our future growth will come from continued penetration in our key growth markets, particularly the United States and Canada, which together accounted for 34.4% of our total sales in 2011 and which we have prioritized as key growth markets. We are considering expanding our direct distribution coverage to the remaining regions of the United States. We also intend to continue focusing on Australia, our largest market, which accounted for 34.0% of our total sales in 2011. In 2010,

 

 

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engineered quartz countertops represented 32%, 9% and 5% of the overall countertop market by volume in Australia, Canada and the United States, respectively. We believe that we are a leader in these markets with approximately 59%, 29% and 14% market share based on volume in 2010, respectively. We believe the penetration rates of engineered quartz in these key growth markets and our market share in the United States and Canada can reach considerably higher levels in the future.

 

 

Expand our global presence.    We currently distribute our products in 42 countries worldwide. In addition to our key existing markets of Australia, the United States, Israel and Canada we plan to continue to further penetrate existing markets where we have already developed a presence. We have also identified new markets for future growth that meet our criteria, which may include an existing demand for stone products supported by stone installation capabilities, strong economic growth rates and a high gross domestic product per capita. We intend to continue to invest in educating end-consumers on the benefits of engineered quartz surfaces and strengthening the Caesarstone brand to support our growth.

 

 

Pursue selective acquisitions.    Given the highly fragmented nature of the global engineered quartz surfaces market, we intend to continue to evaluate strategic acquisitions. For example, we may seek to acquire manufacturers, raw material suppliers or third-party distributors. As demonstrated by the acquisition of the business of our former Australian distributor in 2008, the business combination with our Eastern Canada distributor in 2010, the acquisition of the business of our former Western Canada distributor, the acquisition of the remaining 75% equity interest in our U.S. distributor and the acquisition of the business of our former Singaporean distributor in 2011, there may be an advantage to us obtaining control over the distribution of our products in existing markets. Acquiring a distributor gives us a higher degree of control over sales operations, which may enable us to accelerate penetration of our products and increase our growth and margin profile. These acquisitions could also extend our existing sales channels, help us accelerate our global expansion, increase our market share or give us access to new products or technologies as a platform for growth.

Risk factors

Investing in our ordinary shares involves risks. You should carefully consider the risks described in “Risk factors” before making a decision to invest in our ordinary shares. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations would likely be materially adversely affected. In such case, the trading price of our ordinary shares would likely decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. The following is a summary of some of the principal risks we face:

 

 

Downturns in the home renovation and remodeling and new residential construction sectors or the economy generally and a lack of availability of consumer credit could adversely impact end-consumers and lower demand for our products, which in turn could cause our revenues and net income to decrease.

 

 

Our revenues are subject to significant geographic concentration and any disruption to sales within one of our key existing markets could materially and adversely impact our results of operations and prospects.

 

 

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We face intense competition and competitive pressures, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

 

 

Changes in the prices of our raw materials, particularly polyester and other polymer resins and pigments, have increased our costs and decreased our margins and net income in the past and may do so again in the future.

 

 

We have experienced quarterly fluctuations in revenues and net income as a result of seasonal factors and building construction cycles which are hard to predict with certainty. We expect that such quarterly fluctuations will increase in the future as we shift to selling through direct channels, which may increase the volatility of our share price and cause declines in our share price.

 

 

Silicosis claims and other legal proceedings could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

 

 

Our results of operations may be adversely affected by fluctuations in currency exchange rates and we may not have adequately hedged against them.

 

 

We may encounter delays in manufacturing if we are required to change the suppliers for the quartz used in the production of our products.

Our principal shareholders

Kibbutz Sdot-Yam is a communal society located in Israel that was established in 1940 and founded our company in 1987. Kibbutz Sdot-Yam beneficially owns 70.1% of our outstanding shares. Affiliates of Tene Investment Funds, an Israeli private equity firm (“Tene”), invested in our company in 2006 and beneficially own 29.9% of our outstanding shares.

Following the completion of this offering, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam will beneficially own approximately 56.1% of our outstanding ordinary shares, or 54.5% if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full, and Tene will beneficially own approximately 24.0% of our outstanding ordinary shares, or 23.3% if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full.

Corporate information

Our principal executive offices are located at Kibbutz Sdot-Yam, MP Menashe, Israel and our telephone number is +972 (4) 636-4555. Our website address is www.caesarstone.com. The information contained therein or connected thereto shall not be deemed to be incorporated into this prospectus or the registration statement of which it forms a part.

Throughout this prospectus, we refer to various trademarks, service marks and trade names that we use in our business. Caesarstone® is one of our registered trademarks. Supremo™ is one of our trademarks. We also have several other registered trademarks, service marks and pending applications relating to our products. Other trademarks and service marks appearing in this prospectus are the property of their respective holders.

In this prospectus, the terms “Caesarstone,” “we,” “us,” “our” and “the company” refer to Caesarstone Sdot-Yam Ltd. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

 

 

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The offering

 

Ordinary shares offered by us

6,660,000 shares

 

Ordinary shares to be outstanding after this offering

33,366,250 shares

 

Use of proceeds

We estimate that we will receive net proceeds, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, of approximately $65.4 million from the sale by us of ordinary shares in this offering.

 

  We intend to use $25.6 million of the net proceeds of this offering to pay a special dividend to our existing shareholders immediately following the closing of this offering. See “Dividend policy.”

 

  We intend to use $6.5 million of the net proceeds of this offering to pay the balance of the acquisition price for the remaining 75% equity interest in our U.S. distributor, Caesarstone USA, in which we acquired a 25% interest in January 2007. We acquired the remaining interest in May 2011 and the balance of the purchase price is payable following the closing of this offering.

 

  We may use a portion of the net proceeds to expand our production capacity during the next one to two years. We estimate that an additional production line would require an investment of approximately $30 million. We may choose to expand our production capacity by several means, including an acquisition, and the funds required may be greater or less.

 

  We intend to use the balance of the net proceeds of this offering for working capital and other general corporate purposes. We may also use all or a portion of the remaining net proceeds to acquire or invest in complementary companies, products or technologies. We are not currently a party to, or involved with, discussions regarding any other material acquisition that is probable, although we routinely engage in discussions with distributors and suppliers regarding potential acquisitions.

 

 

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Dividend policy

We do not intend to declare or pay any cash dividends on our ordinary shares until at least one year following this offering. After that time, payments of dividends may be made from time to time, based on the recommendation of our board of directors, after taking into account legal limitations and contractual limitations under our credit agreements, and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.

 

  In addition to the special dividend described above, we also intend to pay to our preferred shareholders an additional dividend of $0.8 million prior to the closing of this offering. Investors in this offering will not receive any portion of the foregoing dividends to our existing shareholders.

 

  See “Dividend policy.”

 

Risk factors

See “Risk factors” and other information included in this prospectus for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in our ordinary shares.

 

Nasdaq Global Select Market symbol

“CSTE”

The number of ordinary shares to be outstanding after this offering excludes 2,375,000 ordinary shares reserved for issuance under our equity incentive plan. This amount includes options to purchase 1,461,442 of our ordinary shares that we granted to our key employees, including our executive officers, immediately following the pricing of this offering with an exercise price equal to the initial public offering price. If we issue additional shares pursuant to the underwriters’ exercise of their over-allotment option, we will further adjust the amount so that it represents 4.38% of our ordinary shares outstanding following the exercise of the over-allotment option.

Unless otherwise indicated, this prospectus:

 

 

reflects the conversion of all outstanding preferred shares into 7,141,250 ordinary shares, which will occur automatically immediately prior to the closing of this offering;

 

 

assumes no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase up to an additional 999,000 ordinary shares from us to cover over-allotments; and

 

 

gives effect to a share dividend of nine ordinary shares for every one outstanding ordinary share and preferred share distributed on February 27, 2012, immediately followed by a one-for-25 share split of our ordinary shares and preferred shares (with an overall effect of a one-for-250 share split and resulting par value per ordinary and preferred share of NIS 0.04).

 

 

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Summary consolidated financial and other data

The following tables set forth our summary consolidated financial and other data. You should read the following summary consolidated financial and other data in conjunction with “Selected consolidated financial and other data,” “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. Historical results are not indicative of the results to be expected in the future.

The summary consolidated statements of income data for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2011 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2011 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.

Our functional currency is the New Israeli Shekel (NIS); however, our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. As a result, our financial statements have been translated into U.S. dollars using the current rate method. Under the current rate method, assets and liabilities are translated using the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the fiscal year or other applicable period. Equity accounts are translated using the historical exchange rate at the relevant transaction date. All other balance sheet accounts are translated using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Gains and losses resulting from the translation of financial statements are reported as a component of shareholders’ equity.

 

 

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(in thousands, except
dividends declared and per share data)

   Year Ended December 31,  
   2009     2010     2011  

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Consolidated Income Statement Data:

      

Revenues

   $ 162,634      $ 198,791      $ 259,671   

Cost of revenues

     108,853        120,503        155,377   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross profit

     53,781        78,288        104,294   

Operating expenses:

      

Research and development, net(1)

     1,964        2,273        2,487   

Marketing and selling

     12,960        16,048        34,043   

General and administrative

     18,729        20,896        30,018   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     33,653        39,217        66,548   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating income

     20,128        39,071        37,746   

Finance expenses, net

     8,693        2,370        4,775   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income before taxes on income

     11,435        36,701        32,971   

Taxes on income

     3,752        7,399        3,600   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income after taxes on income

     7,683        29,302        29,371   

Equity in losses of affiliate(2)

     293        296        67   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

   $ 7,390      $ 29,006      $ 29,304   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest

            348        252   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to controlling interest

     7,390        28,658        29,052   

Dividend attributable to preferred shareholders

   $ (2,337   $ (8,312   $ (8,376
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income attributable to the Company’s ordinary shareholders

   $ 5,053      $ 20,346      $ 20,676   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Basic and diluted net income per ordinary share

   $ 0.26      $ 1.04      $ 1.06   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average number of shares used in computing basic and diluted income per ordinary share

     19,565        19,565        19,565   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Dividends declared per share:

      

Shekels

     NIS 1.42        NIS 2.32        NIS 0.50   

Dollars

   $ 0.38      $ 0.65      $ 0.14   

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

      As of December 31, 2011  
(in thousands)    Actual      Pro
Forma(3)
     Pro Forma As
Adjusted(4)
 

 

 

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

        

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 11,950       $       $ 42,531   

Working capital(5)

     28,592         2,192         66,006   

Total assets

     246,317         234,367         275,552   

Total debt

     23,632         38,082         23,632   

Total liabilities

     103,661         118,111         95,482   

Redeemable non-controlling interest

     6,205         6,205         6,205   

Shareholders’ equity

     136,451         110,051         173,865   

 

 

 

 

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      Year Ended December 31,  
(in thousands)    2009     2010     2011  

 

 

Consolidated Cash Flow Data:

      

Net cash provided by operating activities

   $ 42,066      $ 46,649      $ 28,224   

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

     635        (5,920     (27,367

Net cash used in financing activities

     (26,970     (20,969     (31,833

Other Financial Data:

      

Adjusted EBITDA(6)

   $ 34,397      $ 50,489      $ 58,774   

Adjusted net income(6)

     16,013        29,763        34,765   

Capital expenditures

     4,765        5,486        8,785   

Depreciation and amortization

     9,497        10,034        14,615   

 

 

 

(1)   Research and development expenses are presented net of grants that we receive from the Office of the Chief Scientist of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the State of Israel.

 

(2)   Reflects our proportionate share of the net loss of our U.S. distributor, Caesarstone USA, in which we acquired a 25% equity interest on January 29, 2007. We accounted for our investment using the equity method. In 2011, the amount represents a loss through May 18, 2011, the date on which we acquired the remaining 75% equity interest in Caesarstone USA and began to consolidate its results of operations.

 

(3)   Pro forma gives effect to the payment of a special dividend to our existing shareholders of $25.6 million immediately following the closing of this offering and an additional dividend to our preferred shareholders of $0.8 million that we intend to pay prior to the closing of this offering.

 

(4)   Pro forma as adjusted additionally gives effect to (i) our receipt of the net proceeds from the sale by us of 6,660,000 ordinary shares in this offering, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, and the application of such proceeds as described in “Use of proceeds,” (ii) the payment of $1.3 million to our Chief Executive Officer in connection with the automatic exercise upon the closing of this offering of his right to receive payment with respect to the increase in value of 175,000 of our shares granted to him in January 2009 based on the increase in value of our company at the date of this offering (see “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations—Equity incentive plan—Grant of stock options to chief executive officer”) and (iii) the payment of $1.7 million to certain of our employees and $0.25 million to our Chairman for their contribution to our success. Pro forma as adjusted does not reflect the receipt of $11.4 million from Kibbutz Sdot-Yam in connection with the anticipated sale and leaseback of our facilities in the Bar-Lev Industrial Park, which we expect to occur following the closing of this offering subject to receipt of approvals from certain Israeli governmental authorities (see “Certain relationships and related party transactions—Relationship and agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam— Land purchase agreement and leaseback”). The adjustments to our as adjusted cash and cash equivalents are calculated as follows (in thousands):

 

Net Proceeds:

  

Gross company proceeds

   $ 73,260   

Less underwriting discounts and commissions

     4,762   

Less estimated offering expenses(a)

     1,754   
  

 

 

 
   $ 66,744   
  

 

 

 

Use of Proceeds:

  

Less dividend to existing shareholders

   $ 26,400   

Less payment to Caesarstone USA for the remaining balance of the acquisition price(b)

     6,500   
  

 

 

 
   $ 33,844   

Additional Reductions in Cash and Cash Equivalents:

  

Less payment to the Chief Executive Officer in connection with the increase in value of 175,000 of the Company’s shares granted to him in January 2009(c)

   $ 1,313   

Less payment of bonus to our employees and our former Chairman

     1,950   
  

 

 

 
   $ 30,581   

 

  (a)   While offering expenses are estimated to total $3,100, $1,346 of such expenses were pre-paid through December 31 2011.
  (b)   $6,242 of the payment to Caesarstone USA for the remaining balance of the acquisition price was accrued in our accounts payable balance as of December 31, 2011.
  (c)   $1,937 of the payment to our Chief Executive Officer was accrued in our accounts payable balance as of December 31, 2011.

 

(5)   Working capital is defined as total current assets minus total current liabilities.

 

 

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(6)   The following tables reconcile net income to adjusted EBITDA and net income attributable to controlling interest to adjusted net income for the periods presented and are unaudited:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
(in thousands)   2009     2010     2011  

 

 

Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA:

     

Net income

  $ 7,390      $ 29,006      $ 29,304   

Finance expenses, net

    8,693        2,370        4,775   

Taxes on income

    3,752        7,399        3,600   

Depreciation and amortization

    9,497        10,034        14,615   

Equity in losses of affiliate, net(a).

    293        296        67   

Excess cost of acquired inventory(b) .

                  4,021   

Litigation gain(c).

                  (1,783

Microgil loan and inventory write down(d) .

                  2,916   

Share-based compensation expense(e).

    4,772        1,384        1,259   
 

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $ 34,397      $ 50,489      $ 58,774   

 

 
  (a)   Consists of our portion of the results of operations of Caesarstone USA prior to its acquisition by us in May 2011.

 

  (b)   Consists of the difference between the higher carrying cost of Caesarstone USA’s inventory at the time of acquisition and the standard cost of our inventory, which adversely impacts our gross margins until such inventory is sold. The majority of the acquired inventory was sold in 2011.

 

  (c)   Consists of a mediation award in our favor pursuant to two trademark infringement cases brought by Caesarstone Australia Pty Limited.

 

  (d)   Relates to our writing down to zero the cost of inventory provided to Microgil Agricultural Cooperative Society Ltd. (“Microgil”), our former third-party quartz processor in Israel, in 2011 in the amount of $1.8 million and our writing down to zero our $1.1 million loan to Microgil, in each case, in connection with a dispute. See “Business—Legal proceedings.”

 

  (e)   Share-based compensation consists primarily of changes in the value of share-based rights granted in January 2009 to our Chief Executive Officer, as well as changes in the value of share-based rights granted in March 2008 to the former chief executive officer of Caesarstone Australia Pty Limited.

 

      Year Ended December 31,  
(in thousands)    2009      2010      2011  

 

 

Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Controlling Interest to Adjusted Net Income:

        

Net income attributable to controlling interest

   $ 7,390       $ 28,658       $ 29,052   

Tene option revaluation(a) .

     8,062                   

Excess cost of acquired inventory(b) .

                     4,021   

Litigation gain(c).

                     (1,783

Microgil loan and inventory write down(d) .

                     2,916   

Share-based compensation expense(e).

     4,772         1,384         1,259   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total adjustments before tax

     12,834         1,384         6,413   

Less tax on above adjustments(f)

     4,211         279         700   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total adjustments after tax

     8,623         1,105         5,713   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Adjusted net income

   $ 16,013       $ 29,763       $ 34,765   

 

 

 

  (a)   Represents the change in the fair value of an option to purchase preferred shares representing 5% of our share capital that we granted to Tene in December 2006. See “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations—Application of critical accounting policies and estimates—Fair value measurements.”

 

 

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  (b)   Consists of the difference between the higher carrying cost of Caesarstone USA’s inventory at the time of acquisition and the standard cost of our inventory, which adversely impacts our gross margins until such inventory is sold. The majority of the acquired inventory was sold in 2011.

 

  (c)   Consists of a mediation award in our favor pursuant to two trademark infringement cases brought by Caesarstone Australia Pty Limited.

 

  (d)   Relates to our writing down to zero the cost of inventory provided to Microgil, our former third-party quartz processor in Israel, in 2011 in the amount of $1.8 million and our writing down to zero our $1.1 million loan to Microgil, in each case, in connection with a dispute. See “Business—Legal proceedings.”

 

  (e)   Share-based compensation consists primarily of changes in the value of share-based rights granted in January 2009 to our Chief Executive Officer, as well as changes in the value of share-based rights granted in March 2008 to the former chief executive officer of Caesarstone Australia Pty Limited.

 

  (f)   Tax adjustments reflect the increase in taxes on income that would have been reflected in our consolidated income statement for the applicable period if the adjustments set forth in the table were not applied in computing net income. The tax effect is based on effective tax rate for each relevant year.

 

       Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income are metrics used by management to measure operating performance. Adjusted EBITDA represents net income excluding finance expenses, net, taxes on income, depreciation and amortization, equity in losses of affiliate, net, share-based compensation expenses and other unusual income or expenses. Adjusted net income represents net income attributable to controlling interest excluding share-based compensation expenses and other unusual income or expenses, plus adjustment for the related tax impact. We present adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental performance measure because we believe it facilitates operating performance comparisons from period to period and company to company by backing out potential differences caused by variations in capital structures (affecting interest expenses, net), changes in foreign exchange rates that impact financial asset and liabilities denominated in currencies other than our functional currency (affecting finance expenses, net), tax positions (such as the impact on periods or companies of changes in effective tax rates) and the age and book depreciation of fixed assets (affecting relative depreciation expense). Adjusted EBITDA also excludes equity in losses of affiliate, net, because we believe it is helpful to view the performance of our business excluding the impact of our U.S. distributor, which we did not control, and because our share of the net income (loss) of the U.S. distributor includes items that have other been excluded from adjusted EBITDA (such as finance expenses, net, tax on income and depreciation and amortization). In addition, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income exclude the non-cash impact of share-based compensation and a number of unusual items that we do not believe reflect the underlying performance of our business. Because adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income facilitate internal comparisons of operating performance on a more consistent basis, we also use adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income in measuring our performance relative to that of our competitors. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net Income are not measures of our financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to net income, operating income or any other performance measures derived in accordance with GAAP or as alternatives to cash flow from operating activities as measures of our profitability or liquidity. We understand that although adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income are frequently used by securities analysts, lenders and others in their evaluation of companies, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income have limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider them in isolation, or as substitutes for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

 

   

adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income do not reflect our cash expenditures or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;

 

   

adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;

 

   

although depreciation is a non-cash charge, the assets being depreciated will often have to be replaced in the future, and adjusted EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements; and

 

   

other companies in our industry may calculate adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income differently than we do, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.

 

 

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Risk factors

This offering and an investment in our ordinary shares involve a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully the risks described below and all other information contained in this prospectus, before you decide to buy our ordinary shares. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of our ordinary shares would likely decline and you might lose all or part of your investment.

Risks related to our business and our industry

Downturns in the home renovation and remodeling and new residential construction sectors or the economy generally and a lack of availability of consumer credit could adversely impact end-consumers and lower demand for our products, which in turn could cause our revenues and net income to decrease.

Our products are primarily used as countertops in residential kitchens and are mostly sold into the home renovation and remodeling end markets. As a result, our sales depend significantly on home renovation and remodeling spending, as well as new residential construction spending, and to a lesser degree, on non-residential construction spending. Spending in each of these sectors declined significantly in 2009 compared to 2008 in most of the markets in which we operate and, in 2010 and 2011, many of these markets, including the United States and Europe, did not recover or recovered only to a small degree. Spending on home renovation and remodeling and new residential construction depends significantly on the availability of consumer credit, as well as other factors such as interest rates, consumer confidence, government programs and unemployment. Any of these factors could result in a tightening of lending standards by financial institutions and reduce the ability of consumers to finance renovation and remodeling expenditures or home purchases. Consumers’ ability to access financing varies across our operating markets. Declining home values, increased home foreclosures and tightening of credit standards by lending institutions in certain markets have negatively impacted the home renovation and remodeling and the new residential construction sectors in several of our key existing markets since 2008. The European and the U.S. economies continue to be significantly impacted today. If these trends continue, we may be unable to grow our business and our revenues and net income may be adversely affected.

Our revenues are subject to significant geographic concentration and any disruption to sales within one of our key existing markets could materially and adversely impact our results of operations and prospects.

Our sales are currently subject to significant geographic concentration. In 2011, sales in Australia accounted for 34.0% of our revenues, sales in the United States accounted for 23.0% of our revenues and sales in Israel accounted for 14.9% of our revenues. Our operations depend significantly upon general economic and other conditions in these countries. Each country has different characteristics and our results of operations could be adversely impacted by a range of factors, including local competitive changes, changes in consumers’ quartz surface or countertop preferences, and regulatory changes that specifically impact these markets. A downturn in levels of home renovation and remodeling or new residential construction spending in Australia, the United States or Israel, in particular, could adversely affect our revenues and net income. In Australia, our largest market, the renovation and remodeling market accounted for

 

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approximately 48% of our total sales in this country in 2010. General economic conditions and our sales in Australia could be adversely impacted by an increase in imports from Asian manufacturers into Australia, future increases in interest rates placing pressure on the affordability of home renovation and remodeling and new residential construction projects, and the strength of the Australian dollar making lower priced and lower quality imported goods more competitive than our products, which may not be offset by any increased profitability we may experience from a stronger Australian dollar. In the United States, our second largest market, consumers are continuing to experience difficulty in securing financing for home renovation and remodeling projects and the purchase of new homes. According to CoreLogic, a provider of consumer, financial and property information, it is estimated that as of the end of the third quarter of 2011, 22.1% of all U.S. residential properties with mortgages were underwater, meaning that the home is worth less than the amount owed by the homeowner on the mortgage. This could result in a disincentive to invest in renovation and remodeling projects in such homes. Although we face different challenges and risks in each of these markets, due to the existence of a high level of geographic concentration, should an adverse event occur in any of these jurisdictions, our results of operations and prospects could be impacted disproportionately.

We face intense competition and competitive pressures, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Our quartz surface products compete with a number of other surface materials such as granite, laminate, marble, manufactured solid surface, concrete, stainless steel and wood. We compete with these surface materials and other quartz surfaces on a range of factors, including brand awareness, product quality, new product development and time to market, pricing, customer service and breadth of product offerings. Since we seek to position our products as a premium alternative to other surface materials and other quartz surfaces, the perception among end-consumers of the quality of our products is a key competitive differentiator. Our revenues and net income may be adversely affected if manufacturers of other surface materials or other quartz manufacturers successfully brand their products as premium products or consumers place less value on premium branded quartz surfaces. In addition, changes in any of these competitive factors may be sufficient to cause a distributor to change manufacturers, which would harm our sales in that jurisdiction.

The manufacturers of other surface products consist of a number of regional and global competitors. The quartz surface market is highly fragmented and is also comprised of a number of regional and global competitors. Large multinational companies have also invested in quartz surface production capabilities. We believe that we are likely to encounter strong competition from these multinational companies and other larger manufacturers as a result of consolidation in the industry in the future. Such consolidation is likely to occur as a result of the economies of scale associated with quartz manufacturing that are becoming important to remain competitive in an increasingly global quartz surface market and will be increasingly important as the quartz market matures in the future.

The number of our direct competitors and the intensity of competition may increase as we expand into other markets or applications, or as other companies expand into our operating markets or applications. Some of our competitors may be able to adapt to changes in consumer preferences and demand more quickly, devote greater resources to design innovation and establishing brand recognition, manufacture more versatile slab sizes, implement processes to

 

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lower costs, acquire complementary businesses, such as raw material suppliers, and expand more rapidly or adopt more aggressive pricing policies than we can. Competitors may have incorporated or may in the future incorporate more advanced technology in their manufacturing processes, including more advanced automation techniques. A number of our competitors have greater financial and capital resources than we do and continue to invest heavily to achieve increased production efficiencies and brand recognition. Competitors may also be in a better position to access emerging sales channels in various markets. Our inability to meet these challenges could result in a loss of distributors, customers, end-consumers and/or market share, and pricing pressures caused by such competition could reduce the sales of our products, our revenues and margins thereby adversely affecting our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We face competition from providers of quartz surfaces that set prices considerably lower than the prices of our premium products, which could adversely impact our sales and margins.

We have invested considerable resources to position our quartz surface products as premium branded products. Due to our products’ high quality and positioning, we generally set our prices at a higher level than alternate surfaces and quartz surfaces provided by other manufacturers. We face competition in several markets, particularly in Australia and the United States, primarily from manufacturers located in the Asia-Pacific region that market quartz surface products at lower price points. Manufacturers in China, Vietnam and other countries in the Asia-Pacific region frequently benefit from labor and energy costs that are significantly lower than our costs and enable them to price their products lower than our products. Under these circumstances, we can face direct competition that significantly undercuts the prices that we are able to charge and that we seek to charge our distributors, as well as the prices that our distributors and stonemasons are able to charge consumers. Even if we seek to lower the prices that we charge for our products in certain markets, we may be unable to achieve the same labor and energy costs in order to maintain current margins on our products. Some of these competitors have developed know-how and technical capabilities to manufacture products similar to our products and other competitors may do so in the future. We have also experienced instances, particularly in Australia, of our competitors marketing products with similar appearances and similar model names to some of our products. Competition of this nature may increase in the markets in which we operate and may develop in new markets. Even if these competitors are unable to compete with us in all markets in which we sell, the introduction of similar products may result in lowering or eliminating the value that distributors and end-consumers place on our premium brand and products. Such competition or change in perception could result in significantly lower sales and reduced profit margins.

Changes in the prices of our raw materials, particularly polyester and other polymer resins and pigments, have increased our costs and decreased our margins and net income in the past and may increase our costs and decrease our margins in the future.

Polyester and other polymer resins, which act as a binding agent in our products, accounted for approximately 42% of our raw material costs in 2011. Accordingly, our cost of sales and overall results of operations are impacted significantly by fluctuations in resin prices. For example, if the price of polyester and other polymer resins was to rise by 10%, and we were not able to pass along any of such increase to our customers or achieve other offsetting savings, we would experience a decrease of approximately 1.3% in our gross profit margin. The cost of polyester and other polymer resins is a function of, among other things, manufacturing capacity, demand

 

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and the price of crude oil. The cost of polyester and other polymer resins has fluctuated significantly over the past two years. We do not have long-term supply contracts with our suppliers of polyester and other polymer resins. We generally purchase polyester and other polymer resins on a quarterly basis and have found that increases in their prices are difficult to pass on to our customers. The cost of these resins has risen significantly since December 2009. During 2010, polyester prices increased by 33%, and, even though prices decreased overall by 1.3% in 2011, our average cost of polyester in 2011 increased by approximately 18%. In the past, we managed to offset a portion of these cost increases through advance purchase orders up to one quarter ahead. However, manufacturers are currently unwilling to agree to preset prices for periods longer than one or two months. These increases adversely impacted our margins in 2011. Any such further increases in polyester prices may adversely impact our margins and net income.

Pigments are also used to manufacture our quartz surface products. Although pigments account for a significantly lower percentage of our raw material costs than polyester and other polymer resins, fluctuations in pigments prices may also adversely impact our margins and net income. For example, the price of titanium dioxide, our principal white pigmentation agent increased by 38% during 2010. Such increases began to impact our margins in 2011. In 2011, titanium dioxide prices increased by an additional 42%, and currently, we anticipate further increases in the future due to an ongoing supply shortage, which may impact our margins. If the price of titanium dioxide were to increase by 10% and we were unable to pass along such increase to our customers or achieve other offsetting savings, we estimate that we would experience a decrease of approximately 0.3% in our margins.

We have experienced quarterly fluctuations in revenues and net income as a result of seasonal factors and building construction cycles which are hard to predict with certainty. We expect that such quarterly fluctuations will increase in the future as we shift to selling through direct channels, which may increase the volatility of our share price and cause declines in our share price.

Our results of operations are impacted by seasonal factors, including construction and renovation cycles. We believe that the third quarter of the year exhibits higher sales volumes than other quarters because demand for quartz surface products is generally higher during the summer months in the northern hemisphere when the weather is more favorable for new construction and renovation projects, as well as the impact of efforts to complete such projects before the beginning of the new school year. Conversely, the first quarter is impacted by a slowdown in new construction and renovation projects during the winter months as a result of adverse weather conditions in the northern hemisphere, and, depending on the date of the spring holiday in Israel in a particular year, the first or second quarter is impacted by a reduction in sales in Israel due to such holiday. Similarly, sales during the first quarter in Australia are negatively impacted by fewer construction and renovation projects due to public holidays. In the third quarter of 2010, we generated 10.3% more revenues than the average revenue generated in the first and second quarters of 2010. In the third quarter of 2011, we generated 22.2% more revenue than in the first quarter of 2011, excluding the impact of the Caesarstone USA acquisition. Our adjusted EBITDA was 29.8% higher in the third quarter of 2011 than in the first quarter of 2011, excluding the impact of the Caesarstone USA acquisition.

We expect that seasonal factors will have a greater impact on our revenue, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income in the future due to our recent shift to direct distribution in the United States and Canada, and as we continue to increase direct distribution as a percentage of our total revenues in the future. This is because we generate higher average selling prices in the markets

 

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in which we have direct distribution channels and, therefore, our revenues are more greatly impacted by changes in demand in these markets. Direct sales accounted for 59.4% of our total sales for the year ended December 31, 2010 and 86.8% of our total sales in the second half 2011, after our shift to direct distribution in the United States and Western Canada. At the same time, our fixed costs have also increased as a result of our shift to direct distribution and, therefore, the impact of seasonal fluctuations in our revenues on our profit margins, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income will likely be magnified in future periods. In addition, adverse weather in a particular quarter or a prolonged winter period could further impact our quarterly results. Our future results of operations may experience substantial fluctuations from period to period as a consequence of these factors. Increased or unexpected quarterly fluctuations in our results of operations may increase the volatility of our share price and cause declines in our share price even if they do not reflect a change in the overall performance of our business.

We recently acquired our U.S. distributor and formed a joint venture in Canada to distribute our products, and may face challenges as we integrate these entities and implement our sales strategies in these markets. In addition, as a result of these changes, our historical results may not be indicative of our future results.

Our direct markets historically included Australia and Israel, while our indirect markets included, among others, Canada and the United States. In October 2010, we began to distribute our products exclusively in Eastern Canada through a joint venture in which we own a 55% interest. In May 2011, we acquired our U.S. distributor and expanded our Canadian joint venture to exclusively distribute our products throughout Canada. We must successfully integrate and manage both of these operations in order to successfully implement our growth strategies. For example, in Canada under a joint venture arrangement with our former third-party distributor in Eastern Canada, we share certain rights and benefits, including board nomination rights. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in our efforts to integrate our recent acquisitions in the United States and Canada.

The results of operations of our U.S. subsidiary and Canadian joint venture are fully consolidated in our results of operations for a portion of 2011. While this impacted our revenue and gross margins favorably, it also increased our operating expenses significantly as we added each entity’s cost of operations to our costs. Prior to May 2011 and, in the case of Eastern Canada, October 2010, our historical financial information reflects our results of operations prior to the establishment of these direct distribution channels. Consequently, it may also be difficult for investors to compare our future results to our historical results or to evaluate our relative performance or trends in our business.

Consolidation in our industry may increase the competitive pressures to which we are subject and may enhance our competitors’ manufacturing, sales and marketing capabilities.

Due to the highly fragmented nature of the quartz surface market, we believe that consolidation is likely and a smaller number of large companies may take leading market positions. We believe we would encounter strong competition from any such larger companies following their consolidation. Larger companies are likely to benefit from economies of scale associated with quartz manufacturing that are becoming important to remain competitive in an increasingly global quartz surface market. Such economies of scale will be increasingly important as the quartz market matures in the future. In addition, larger companies may have significantly greater resources than we do to penetrate markets, in particular, by investing significant sums in raising awareness for their brand among end-consumers in order to drive sales of their products, as well as by operating manufacturing facilities closer to customers

 

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and end-consumers in various regions worldwide. If we are unable to grow our business organically or undertake our own acquisitions, we may lose market share, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Silicosis and related claims could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

Since 2008, fifteen lawsuits have been filed against us or named us as third party defendants in Israel and we have received a number of additional letters threatening lawsuits on behalf of certain fabricators of our products in Israel or their employees in Israel alleging that they contracted illnesses, including silicosis, through exposure to fine silica particles when cutting, polishing, sawing, grinding, breaking, crushing, drilling, sanding or sculpting our products. Each of the lawsuits which has been filed names defendants in addition to us, including, in certain cases, fabricators that employed the plaintiff, the Israeli Ministry of Industry, Trade and Employment, distributors of our products and insurance companies. Silicosis is an occupational lung disease that is progressive and sometimes fatal, and is characterized by scarring of the lungs and damage to the breathing function. Inhalation of dust containing fine silica particles as a result of not well protected and not well controlled, or unprotected and uncontrolled, exposure while processing quartz, granite, marble and other materials can cause silicosis. Various types of claims are raised in these lawsuits and in the letters submitted to us, including product liability claims such as claims related to failure to provide warnings regarding the risks associated with silica dust. We believe that we have valid defenses to the lawsuits pending against us and to potential claims and intend to contest them vigorously. Damages totaling $6.3 million are specified in the lawsuits currently filed; however, the amount of general damages, which includes items such as pain and suffering and loss of future earnings, has not yet been specified in most of the lawsuits. As a result, there is uncertainty regarding the total amount of damages that may ultimately be sought. At present, we do not believe that it is reasonably possible that the lawsuits filed against us to date will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows, in part due to the current availability of insurance coverage. Nevertheless, all but one of the lawsuits are at a preliminary stage and no material determinations, including those relating to attribution of fault or amount of damages, have been made. There can also be no assurance that our insurance coverage will be adequate or that we will prevail in these cases. We are party to a settlement agreement that is pending court approval with respect to one of the lawsuits filed. In that instance, the total settlement is for NIS 275,000 ($71,970) of which we have agreed to pay NIS 10,000 ($2,617) without admitting liability. Substantially all of the balance is payable by the fabricator that employed the individual in question and insurance companies. We can provide no assurance that other lawsuits will be settled in this manner or at all.

Our current liability insurance provider renewed our product liability insurance policy in October 2011 through November 2012. However, there is no assurance that we will be able to obtain product liability insurance in the future on the same terms, including with the premium under our current policy, or at all. If our current insurance provider does not renew our product liability insurance policy in the future, it is uncertain at this time whether we will be able to obtain insurance coverage from other insurance providers in the future. We are not currently subject to any claims from our employees related to silicosis; however, we may be subject to such claims in the future. Our employer liability insurance policy excludes silicosis claims by our employees and, to the extent we become subject to any such claims, we may be liable for claims in excess of the portion covered by the National Insurance Institute of Israel. If our insurance providers refuse to

 

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renew our insurance, we are unable to obtain coverage from other providers, our policy is terminated early or we become subject to silicosis claims excluded by our employer liability insurance policy, we may incur significant legal expenses and become liable for damages, in each case, that are not covered by insurance, and our management could expend significant time addressing such claims. These events could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Consistent with the experience of other companies involved in silica-related litigation, there may be an increase in the number of asserted claims against us. Such claims could be asserted by claimants in jurisdictions other than Israel, including the United States where we recently acquired our former U.S. third-party distributor, Canada where we recently established a joint venture for the distribution of products there and Australia and could result in significant legal expenses and damages. Existing or future claimants against us, in Israel or elsewhere, may seek to have their claims certified as class actions on behalf of a defined group. We believe that claimants in future silica-related claims involving us, if any, should be limited to persons involved in the fabrication of our products, including, but not limited to, cutting, polishing, sawing, grinding, breaking, crushing, drilling, sanding or sculpting, and those in the immediate vicinity of fabrication activities, but may potentially include our employees. Any pending or future litigation, including any future litigation in the United States, where in May 2011 we acquired our former third-party distributor, Caesarstone USA, formerly known as U.S. Quartz Products, Inc., is subject to significant uncertainty. We cannot determine the amount of potential damages, if any, in the event of an adverse development in a pending or future case, in part because the defendants in these types of lawsuits are often numerous, the claims generally do not specify the amount of damages sought, our product’s involvement may be speculative, and the degree to which our product may have caused the alleged illness may be unclear. In addition, punitive damages may be awarded in certain jurisdictions.

Furthermore, we may face future engineering and compliance costs to enhance our compliance with existing standards relating to silica, or to meet new standards if such standards are heightened. Such costs may adversely impact our profitability.

Our results of operations may be adversely affected by fluctuations in currency exchange rates and we may not have adequately hedged against them.

We conduct business in multiple countries, which exposes us to risks associated with fluctuations in currency exchange rates between the NIS (our functional currency), the U.S. dollar (our reporting currency) and the other currencies in which we conduct business. In 2011, 34.0% of our revenues were denominated in Australian dollars, 24.7% in U.S. dollars, 15.0% in Euros, 14.8% in NIS and 11.4% in Canadian dollars. Conversely, in 2011, the majority of our expenses were denominated in NIS, U.S. dollars and Euros, and a smaller proportion in Australian and Canadian dollars. As a result, fluctuations of the Australian, U.S. and Canadian dollar against the NIS present the most significant risk to us if these currencies weaken relative to the NIS. Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may impact our business significantly; for example, the Australian dollar appreciated 7.6% against the NIS in 2011 compared to 2010, which resulted in our operating profit increasing by $4.6 million, or 1.8% of our revenues, compared to 2010. Although we currently engage in derivatives transactions such as forward contracts to minimize our currency risk, future currency exchange rate fluctuations that we have not adequately hedged could adversely affect our profitability. See “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations—Quantitative and qualitative disclosure about market risk.”

 

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We may encounter delays in manufacturing if we are required to change the suppliers for the quartz used in the production of our products.

Our principal raw materials are quartz, polyester and other polymer resins and pigments. We acquire quartz from quartz manufacturers, primarily in Turkey, India, Portugal and Israel. We typically transact business with our quartz suppliers on a purchase order basis. We cannot be certain that any of our current suppliers will continue to provide us with the quantities of quartz that we require or satisfy our anticipated specifications and quality requirements. We may also experience a shortage of quartz if, for example, demand for our products increases. Approximately two-thirds of our quartz is imported from suppliers in Turkey. There have recently been significant tensions between Turkey and the State of Israel that have raised questions as to whether commercial arrangements between companies in these countries would be adversely impacted. If tensions between Turkey and Israel continue or worsen, our Turkish suppliers may not provide us with quartz shipments. In addition, our products incorporate a number of types of quartz, including quartzite. One supplier in Turkey, Mikroman Madencilik San ve TIC.LTD.STI (“Mikroman”), supplies approximately 76% of our quartzite. Mikroman has committed to supply us at agreed upon prices through the end of 2012 and, thereafter, at prices that will be agreed upon based on then effective market prices through the end of 2014. If Mikroman ceases supplying us with quartzite or if our supply of quartz generally from Turkey is adversely impacted, we would need to locate and qualify alternate suppliers, which could take time, increase costs and require adjustments to the appearance of our products. As a result, we may experience a delay in manufacturing, which could materially and adversely impact our reputation and results of operations.

We are subject to litigation, disputes or other proceedings, which could result in unexpected expense of time and resources that could have a material adverse impact on our results of operation, profit margins, financial condition and liquidity.

In the past, claims have arisen from our relationships with distributors, service providers and employees. We are currently involved in the following material disputes:

 

 

In November 2011, Kfar Giladi Quarries Agricultural Cooperative Society Ltd., or Kfar Giladi, and Microgil Agricultural Cooperative Society Ltd., or Microgil, an entity we believe is controlled by Kfar Giladi, initiated arbitration proceedings against us that are scheduled to commence in April 2012. We refer to Kfar Giladi and Microgil as the claimants. The arbitration arises out of a dispute related to a quartz processing agreement (the “Processing Agreement”) pursuant to which Kfar Giladi committed to establish a production facility at its own expense within 21 months of the date of the agreement. Pursuant to the Processing Agreement, we committed to pay fixed prices for quartz processing services related to agreed upon quantities of quartz over a period of ten years from the date set for the claimants to commence operating the production facility. We estimate that the total amount of such payments would have been approximately $55 million. It is our position that the production facility established by the claimants was not operational until approximately two years after the date required by the Processing Agreement, and as a result, we were unable to purchase minimum quantities set forth in the Processing Agreement. It is also our position that the Processing Agreement was terminated by us following its breach by the claimants. In addition, we contend that once production began, the claimants failed to consistently deliver the required quantity and quality of ground quartz as agreed by the parties following the termination of the Processing

 

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Agreement. Our positions are disputed by the claimants. To date, the claimants have not specified the amount of their claim against us; however, we expect that they may seek significant damages that may amount to tens of millions of dollars that, in their view, represent the entire cost of the production facility and the profits that they would have realized but for our alleged breach. The claimants could also seek damages for other losses. The claimants previously informed us that the amount they had invested in establishing their production facility was more than NIS 40 million ($10.5 million). We cannot currently estimate the profits, if any, that the claimants would have made based on the purchase commitment contemplated by the Processing Agreement.

 

 

In July 2010, the former chief executive officer of Caesarstone Australia (“CSA”) commenced legal proceedings against us in the Supreme Court of Victoria in Australia regarding an agreement to grant him restricted shares of CSA. The former executive claims that the conduct of the business of CSA was oppressive or unfairly prejudicial to, or unfairly discriminatory against, him as a minority shareholder. As of September 30, 2009, the last date on which we performed a valuation analysis prior to termination of the former executive, for financial reporting purposes, we determined that the fair value of the restricted stock that would have been granted to him under the agreement was $1.9 million. The former chief executive officer has not specified the amount that he is claiming.

 

 

In December 2007, we terminated our agency agreement with our former South African agent, World of Marble and Granite (“WOMAG”) on the basis that it had breached the agreement. In the same month, we filed a claim for NIS 1.0 million ($0.3 million) in the Israeli District Court in Haifa based on such breach. WOMAG has contested jurisdiction of the Israeli District Court, but subsequent appellate courts have dismissed WOMAG’s contest. In January 2008, WOMAG filed suit in South Africa seeking 15.7 million ($22.3 million). A court session was held in February 2012 to determine whether the South African Court had jurisdiction over the proceedings. The South African Court has held that it has jurisdiction to hear WOMAG’s claim, but we are appealing this decision.

An adverse ruling in these proceedings could have a material adverse effect on us. If we are unsuccessful in defending a claim or elect to settle a claim, we could incur material costs that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. See “Business—Legal proceedings.”

A key element of our strategy is to expand our sales in certain markets, such as the United States and Canada, which will require a substantial effort to build awareness and develop the quartz surface market, and our failure to do so would have a material adverse effect on our future growth and prospects.

A key element of our strategy is to grow our business by expanding sales of our products in certain existing markets that we believe have high growth potential, but in which we have a limited presence, as well as in select new markets. In particular, we intend to focus our growth efforts on the United States and Canada. Our success will depend, in large part, upon consumer acceptance and adoption of our products in these markets. Consumer tastes and preferences differ in the markets into which we are expanding as compared to those in which we already have substantial sales. In particular, quartz surfaces in Australia and Israel account for a significantly larger percentage of total countertops sold in these markets than in the United States or Canada. In 2010, we estimate that engineered quartz surfaces represented only 5% of the total countertops by volume installed in the United States. We may also seek to expand into additional markets in the future. We will face several challenges in achieving consumer acceptance and adoption of our products in the United States, Canada or other markets, including consumers’ desire to use quartz

 

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surfaces for their kitchen countertops and other interior settings. If the market for quartz surfaces does not develop as we expect or develops more slowly than we expect, our future growth, business, prospects, financial condition and operating results will be harmed.

We face risks of litigation and liability claims on environmental, product liability and other matters, the extent of such exposure can be difficult or impossible to estimate and which can negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations.

Our manufacturing facilities and operations are subject to numerous laws and regulations of the State of Israel relating to pollution and the protection of the environment, including those governing emissions to air, discharges to water, soil and water contamination, import, purchase, use, storage and transport of hazardous materials, storage, treatment and disposal of waste and protection of worker health and safety. Liability under these laws involves inherent uncertainties. Violations of environmental, health and safety laws are subject to civil, and, in some cases, criminal sanctions. We may not have been, or may not be, at all times, in complete compliance with all requirements, and we may incur material costs or liabilities in connection with such requirements, or in connection with remediation at sites we own, or third-party sites where it has been alleged that we have liability, in excess of the amounts we have accrued. We may also incur unexpected interruptions to our operations, administrative injunctions requiring operation stoppages, fines and other penalties. From time to time, we face environmental compliance issues related to our two manufacturing facilities in Israel. At present, we are reviewing plans to address environmental regulatory issues related to the emission of styrene gas, disposal of waste, waste water treatment and discharge and fire protection measures. Continued government and public emphasis on environmental issues can be expected to result in increased future investments for environmental controls at ongoing operations, which could negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations.

From time to time, we are involved in other legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business related to a range of matters, including environmental, contract, employment claims, product liability and warranty claims, and claims related to modification and adjustment or replacement of product surfaces sold. We use various substances in our products and manufacturing operations which have been or may be deemed to be hazardous or dangerous. We cannot predict whether we may become liable under environmental and product liability statutes, rules, regulations and case law of the countries in which we operate. The amount of any such liability in the future could be significant and may adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations.

A significant portion of our revenues is derived from the distribution of our products by third-party distributors, and our distributors’ actions may have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Sales to third-party distributors accounted for 13.2% of our revenues in the second half of 2011 after our transition to direct distribution in the United States and Western Canada. In indirect markets where we rely on third-party distributors, we depend on the success of their selling and marketing efforts and we may be unable to devote adequate resources to selling, marketing and servicing our products through our distributors. In addition, we have less control in markets where we sell through distributors than in markets where we distribute directly. The actions of our distributors could also harm our brand and company reputation in the marketplace. Any disruption in our distribution network could have a negative effect on our ability to sell our products or market our brand, which could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

 

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Some of our initial engagements with our distributors are pursuant to a memorandum of understanding granting such distributor one year of exclusivity in consideration for meeting minimum sales targets. After the initial one-year period, we may enter into a distribution agreement for a three- to five-year period. However, in the majority of cases, we continue to operate on the basis of the memorandum of understanding, with or without its extension in writing, or without an operative agreement. We supply our products to distributors upon the receipt of a purchase order. Some of our distributors operate on nonexclusive terms of sale agreements or without any written agreements. The lack of a written agreement with many of our distributors may lead to ambiguities, costs and challenges in enforcing our rights. Our distribution agreements generally include annual sales targets, and if any distributor fails to meet its sales targets, we may attempt to terminate our distribution agreement with that distributor. Unless otherwise indicated in a specific agreement, if we terminate a distribution engagement without cause, we may be required to provide reasonable prior notice, although the exact period may not be specified. We have experienced difficulties, including litigation, in connection with the termination of certain of our distributors due to disputes regarding their terms of engagement. See “Business—Legal proceedings.” We may be unable to distribute our products through another distributor within the territory during the notice period, which may have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations, our relationships with our customers and end-consumers, and our brand reputation. This may also result in our loss of market share to competitors. Upon termination, we may experience difficulties in identifying and retaining new distributors. Distributors may generally terminate a distribution agreement with us upon reasonable notice (although our written agreements and memorandums of understanding with distributors, where applicable, provide for termination without cause only after the initial period). As a result, distributors may distribute a competitor’s quartz surfaces or other surface materials, which may cause us to lose market share. We may be unable to develop an alternative distribution network in a region. The termination of distribution arrangements may result in litigation. We may have to incur significant legal fees and management may have to devote significant effort, time and resources to defending litigation-related issues, which may detract from their ability to run our business.

We depend on our third-party distributors for the timely and accurate reporting of information related to the distribution of our products.

Generally, our distributors disclose to us sales volumes and other information on a monthly or quarterly basis. Among other things, the purpose of these disclosures is to enable us to monitor the level of sales to end-consumers and ensure that our distributors are not accumulating excessive quantities of our products in their inventory. We do not have audit rights with respect to these reports by our third-party distributors and, therefore, cannot verify their accuracy. An inaccurate report as to sales volumes could result in a significant and unexpected decline in sales to a distributor during a particular quarter. Even if the reports are accurate, a distributor may make subsequent revisions to the information it has provided or we may fail to understand the future sales prospects of a distributor. Either of these events could result in the accumulation of excess inventory by that distributor and unexpected fluctuations in our sales. Any of these events could adversely affect or cause unexpected fluctuations in our results of operations.

We sell our products through subsidiaries and distributors in 42 countries. Our operating results may suffer if we are unable to manage our international operations effectively.

We sell products in 42 countries throughout the world, and we therefore are subject to risks associated with having international operations. In 2011, 71.8% of our revenues were derived

 

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from sales in Australia, the United States and Israel. We anticipate that sales from operations outside of Israel will continue to represent a significant portion of our total sales. Our sales and operations outside of Israel are subject to risks and uncertainties, including:

 

 

fluctuations in exchange rates;

 

fluctuations in transportation costs and transportation and time-to-market delays;

 

unpredictability of foreign currency exchange controls;

 

compliance with unexpected changes in regulatory requirements;

 

compliance with a variety of local regulations and laws;

 

difficulties in collecting accounts receivable and longer collection periods;

 

changes in tax laws and the interpretation of those laws; and

 

difficulties enforcing intellectual property and contractual rights in certain jurisdictions.

In addition, certain jurisdictions could impose tariffs, quotas, custom duties, trade barriers and other similar restrictions on our sales. Moreover, our business operations could be interrupted and negatively affected by economic changes, geopolitical regional conflicts, terrorist activity, political unrest, civil strife, acts of war, and other economic or political uncertainties. All of these risks could also result in increased costs or decreased revenues, either of which could adversely affect our profitability. Our business is also expected to subject us and our representatives, agents and distributors to laws and regulations of the jurisdictions in which we operate or our products are sold. We may depend on distributors and agents outside of Israel for compliance and adherence to local laws and regulations. As we continue to expand our business globally, we may have difficulty anticipating and effectively managing these and other risks that our global operations may face, which may adversely affect our business outside of Israel and our financial condition and results of operations.

We may have exposure to greater than anticipated tax liabilities.

We have entered into transfer pricing arrangements that establish transfer prices for our inter-company operations. However, our transfer pricing procedures are not binding on the applicable taxing authorities. No official authority in any country has made a determination as to whether or not we are operating in compliance with its transfer pricing laws. The amount of income tax that we pay could be adversely affected by earnings being lower than anticipated in jurisdictions where we have lower statutory rates and higher than anticipated in jurisdictions where we have higher statutory rates. Our facilities in Israel receive different tax benefits as “Approved Enterprises,” “Beneficiary Enterprises” or “Preferred Enterprise” under the Israeli Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959, referred to as the Investment Law, with our production lines qualifying to receive different grants and/or reduced company tax rates and/or tax exemption periods. Therefore, some of our production lines also receive tax benefits based on our revenues and the allocation of those revenues between the two facilities in Israel. As a result, the Israeli taxing authorities could challenge our allocation of income between these two facilities and contend that a larger portion of our income is subject to higher tax rates. Taxing authorities outside of Israel, particularly in Australia, could challenge our allocation of income between us and our subsidiaries and contend that a larger portion of our income is subject to tax in their jurisdictions, which may have higher tax rates than the rates applicable to such income in Israel. Any change to the allocation of our income as a result of review by such taxing authorities could have a negative effect on our operating results and financial condition.

The determination of our worldwide provision for income taxes and other tax liabilities requires significant judgment and there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. We have applied the guidance in ASC 740, “Income Taxes”

 

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(previously reported as FIN 48 “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes”) in determining our accrued liability for unrecognized tax benefits, which totaled $0.8 million as of December 31, 2011. Although we believe our estimates are reasonable, the ultimate outcome may differ from the amounts recorded in our financial statements and may materially affect our financial results in the period or periods for which such determination is made.

Our business may be affected by changes in consumer preferences or the development of alternative surface products.

The majority of our end-consumers are those refacing or replacing kitchen countertops, and to a lesser extent, bathroom countertops and surfaces and other applications. Factors that strongly affect consumer purchasing decisions include popular home interior design trends, product quality, price, slab width, product line breadth, design leadership, time to market, customer service and distribution coverage. If we are unable to anticipate or react quickly to changes in consumer preferences in these areas, we may lose market share and our results of operations may suffer. In the future, consumers may not place as much value on branded quartz surfaces, which could reduce our market share or require us to lower our prices. End-consumers’ preferences may change in response to poor installations of our products by third parties, including fabricators and installers, which we do not control. Widespread or publicized inferior installations of our products could have a material adverse impact on our brand. End-consumers’ demand for our products could change if a serial manufacturing defect is identified in our products, which could harm our reputation in the marketplace. The development of a new surface material that decreases consumers’ demand for quartz products may also result in a loss of market share and our results of operations may suffer. If we are unsuccessful in competing against a new surface material, we could lose future sales and market share, which would have an adverse impact on our revenues, profitability and cash flows.

The steps that we have taken to protect our brand and other intellectual property may not be adequate and we may not succeed in preventing others from appropriating our intellectual property.

We have obtained trademark registrations that we consider material to the marketing of our products, all of which are marketed under the trade name Caesarstone, including CAESARSTONE®, CONCETTO®, and our Caesarstone logo. We have filed trademark applications for additional marks related to our product collections, including SUPREMO™ and MOTIVO™. We believe that our trademarks are important to our brand, success and competitive position. In the past, some of our trademark applications for certain classes of applications of our products have been rejected or opposed in certain markets and may be rejected for certain application classes in the future. This may result in our inability to use our brand for certain applications of products, which could harm our competitive position and adversely impact our results of operations. We anticipate that, as the quartz surface market becomes increasingly competitive, maintaining and enhancing our brand may become more difficult and expensive. If we are unsuccessful in challenging a party’s products on the basis of trademark infringement, continued sales of these products could adversely affect our sales and our brand and result in the shift of consumer preference away from our products. We are currently subject to opposition proceedings with respect to applications for registration of our trademarks in certain jurisdictions with respect to certain trademark classifications. We have also in the past been, and may in the future be, subject to opposition proceedings with respect to applications for registration of our intellectual property, including but not limited to our trademarks. Barriers to registering our brand names and trademarks in various countries may restrict our ability to promote and maintain a cohesive brand throughout our key markets.

 

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We have recently started to seek patent protection for some of our technologies. We have obtained a patent for certain of our technologies and have several pending patent applications that were filed in various jurisdictions, including the United States, Europe, Australia and Israel, which relate to our manufacturing technology and certain products. There can be no assurance that pending applications will be approved in a timely manner or at all, or that such patents will effectively protect our intellectual property. There can be no assurance that we will develop patentable intellectual property in the future, and we may choose not to pursue patents or other protection for innovations that subsequently become material to our business.

To protect our know-how and trade secrets, we customarily require our senior management and certain key employees to execute confidentiality agreements or otherwise agree to keep our proprietary information confidential when their relationship with us begins. Typically, our employment contracts also include clauses requiring these employees to assign to us all inventions and intellectual property rights they develop in the course of their employment and agree not to disclose our confidential information. Despite our efforts, our know-how and trade secrets could be disclosed to third parties, which could cause us to lose any competitive advantage resulting from such know-how or trade secrets, as well as related intellectual property protections in certain cases.

The actions we take to establish and protect trademarks may not be adequate to prevent imitation of our products by others or to prevent others from seeking to block sales of our products as violations of proprietary rights. In addition, the laws of certain foreign countries may not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. For example, historically, China has not protected intellectual property rights to the same extent as the United States and infringement of intellectual property rights continues to pose a serious risk to doing business in China. We may face significant expenses and liability in connection with the protection of our intellectual property rights outside the United States. Any litigation could be unsuccessful, may result in substantial cost and require significant attention by our management and technical personnel. If we are unable to successfully protect our rights or resolve intellectual property conflicts with others, our business or financial condition may be adversely affected.

Third parties have claimed and may from time to time claim that our current or future products infringe their patent or other intellectual property rights. Under such circumstances, we may be required to expend significant resources in order to contest such claims and, in the event that we do not prevail, we may be required to seek a license for certain technologies, develop non-infringing technologies or stop the sale of some of our products. In addition, any future intellectual property litigation, regardless of its outcome, may be expensive, divert the efforts of our personnel, and disrupt or damage relationships with our customers.

We depend on our senior management team and other skilled and experienced personnel to operate our business effectively, and the loss of any of these individuals could adversely affect our business and our future financial condition or results of operations.

We are dependent on the skills and experience of our senior management team and other skilled and experienced personnel. These individuals possess managerial, sales, marketing, manufacturing, logistical, financial and administrative skills that are important to the operation of our business. The loss of any of these individuals or an inability to attract, retain and maintain additional personnel could prevent us from implementing our business strategy and could adversely affect our business and our future financial condition or results of operations. We do not carry key man insurance with respect to any of our executive officers or other employees. We cannot assure you that we will be able to retain all of our existing senior management personnel or to attract additional qualified personnel when needed.

 

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Our limited resources and significant competition for business combination or acquisition opportunities may make it difficult for us to complete a combination or acquisition, and any combination or acquisition that we complete may disrupt our business and fail to achieve our intended objectives.

We expect to encounter intense competition from other participants in our industry, including quartz surface manufacturers, suppliers and distributors, for business combination or acquisition opportunities in the highly fragmented global quartz surfaces market. Many of these participants are well-established and have significant experience identifying and effecting acquisitions of companies. These participants may possess greater technical, human and other resources, or more local industry knowledge than we do, and our financial resources may be relatively limited compared to many of them. In addition, while we believe there are a number of target businesses we might consider acquiring, including, in certain instances, our distributors, we may be unable to persuade those targets of the benefits of a combination or acquisition. Our ability to compete with respect to a combination with or acquisition of certain larger target businesses will be determined by, among other factors, our available financial resources. This inherent competitive limitation may give others an advantage in pursuing such combinations or acquisitions.

Any combination or acquisition that we effect, such as our recent acquisition of Caesarstone USA, formerly known as U.S. Quartz Products, Inc., will be accompanied by a number of risks, including the difficulty of integrating the operations and personnel of the acquired business, the potential disruption of our ongoing business, the potential distraction of management, expenses related to the acquisition and potential unknown liabilities associated with acquired businesses. For example, in connection with our recent acquisition of Caesarstone USA, we may encounter liabilities in the future associated with its business that we did not experience prior to the acquisition or that were unknown at the time of acquisition that could have an adverse impact on our results of operations. Any inability to integrate completed combinations or acquisitions in an efficient and timely manner could have an adverse impact on our results of operations. In addition, we may not recognize the expected synergies or benefits in connection with a future combination or acquisition. If we are not successful in completing combinations or acquisitions that we pursue in the future, we may incur substantial expenses and devote significant management time and resources without a successful result. In addition, future combinations or acquisitions could require use of substantial portions of our available cash or result in dilutive issuances of securities.

Any difficulties with, or interruptions of, our manufacturing could delay our output of products and harm our relationships with our customers. If we are unable to continue to manufacture our existing products, our results of operations and future prospects will suffer.

Any difficulties with or interruptions of our manufacturing operations could delay our output of products and harm our relationships with our customers. We manufacture all of our products at our two facilities in Israel. Due to the specialized nature of our manufacturing equipment and the quartz surface industry, we have limited ability to outsource any part of our manufacturing to third parties. Our manufacturing production lines are comprised almost entirely of machinery from Breton S.p.A., the largest supplier of a limited number of companies that sell engineered stone manufacturing equipment. We depend on Breton S.p.A. for certain spare parts for our production line equipment and anticipate we will continue to do so in the future. Delays in obtaining machinery or specialty machine components from Breton S.p.A. could delay our output of products and any future production line expansion plans.

 

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Damage to our manufacturing facilities caused by human error, software or hardware failures, physical or electronic security breaches, power loss or other failures or circumstances beyond our control, including acts of God, fire, explosion, flood, war, insurrection or civil disorder, acts of, or authorized by, any government, terrorism, accident, labor trouble or shortage, or inability to obtain material, equipment or transportation could interrupt or delay our manufacturing or other operations. We may also encounter difficulties or interruption as a result of the application of enhanced manufacturing technologies or changes to production lines to improve our throughput, or to upgrade or repair our production lines. Labor disputes could result in a work stoppage or strikes by employees that could delay or interrupt our output of products. Our insurance policies have limited coverage in case of significant damage to our manufacturing facilities and may not fully compensate us for the cost of replacement and any loss from business interruption. As a result, we may not be adequately insured to cover losses in the case of significant damage to our manufacturing facilities. Any damage to our facilities or interruption in manufacturing, whether due to limitations in manufacturing capacity or arising from factors outside our control, could result in delays in meeting contractual obligations and could have a material adverse effect on our relationships with our distributors and on our revenues.

We have not yet determined whether our existing internal controls over financial reporting systems are compliant with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

We will be required to comply with the internal control, evaluation and certification requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ending December 31, 2013. We have not yet commenced the process of determining whether our existing internal controls over financial reporting systems are compliant with Section 404. This process will require the investment of substantial time and resources, including by our Chief Financial Officer and other members of our senior management. As a result, this process may divert internal resources and take a significant amount of time and effort to complete. In addition, we cannot predict the outcome of this determination and whether we will need to implement remedial actions in order to implement effective control over financial reporting. The determination and any remedial actions required could result in us incurring additional costs that we did not anticipate. Irrespective of compliance with Section 404, any failure of our internal controls could have a material adverse effect on our stated results of operations and harm our reputation. As a result, we may experience higher than anticipated operating expenses, as well as higher independent auditor fees during and after the implementation of these changes. If we are unable to implement any of the required changes to our internal control over financial reporting effectively or efficiently, it could adversely affect our operations, financial reporting and/or results of operations and could result in an adverse opinion on internal controls from our independent auditors.

Risks related to our relationship with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam

Our headquarters and principal manufacturing facility are located on lands leased by Kibbutz Sdot-Yam from the Israel Lands Administration and the Edmond Benjamin de Rothschild Caesarea Development Corporation Ltd. If we are unable to continue to use such lands, our results of operations and future prospects will suffer.

Following the completion of this offering, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam will beneficially own approximately 56.1% of our ordinary shares (54.5% if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full). One of our two manufacturing facilities (as well as our headquarters and our research and development facilities) is located on lands leased by Kibbutz Sdot-Yam pursuant to two lease

 

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agreements between Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and the Israel Lands Administration, or ILA, and an additional lease agreement between Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and the Edmond Benjamin de Rothschild Caesarea Development Corporation Ltd. (“Caesarea Development Corporation”). Pursuant to underlying lease agreements with the ILA and with the Caesarea Development Corporation, the ILA and the Caesarea Development Corporation may terminate their leases in certain circumstances, including if Kibbutz Sdot-Yam commences proceedings to disband or liquidate. If the leases were terminated, we may be unable to use the land where our headquarters and one of our manufacturing facilities are located, which would adversely affect our operations.

The first lease agreement between Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and the ILA expired in 2011 and Kibbutz Sdot-Yam has requested an extension pursuant to an option in the lease agreement for an additional 49 years through 2060. The second agreement between Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and the ILA was extended on several occasions for three- to five-year periods and most recently expired in late 2009. This agreement permits Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to use the property only for agriculture, residential and other internal community purposes, and previous agreements between Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and the ILA with respect to this property contained similar restrictions. In addition, this agreement required Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to receive the ILA’s approval before entering into the land use agreement with us permitting us to use the land and facilities, and no such approval was obtained. Our current use of the property and the rights granted to us by Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to use the land pursuant to the land use agreement may give the ILA the right to terminate the rights of Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to the property. Kibbutz Sdot-Yam is currently negotiating a long-term lease agreement with the ILA to replace the second lease agreement, which, among other things, would formally permit us to use the property in accordance with its present use and would permit Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to transfer its rights in the property to a third party.

The agreements between Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and the Caesarea Development Corporation permit Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to use the property for the community needs of Kibbutz Sdot-Yam. In addition, at least one of the agreements requires Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to receive Caesarea Development Corporation’s approval before entering into the land use agreement with us permitting us to use the land and facilities, and no such approval was obtained. Our current use of the property and the rights granted to us by Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to use the land pursuant to the land use agreement may give the Caesarea Development Corporation the right to terminate the rights of Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to the property. If the rights of Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to use the property were terminated, we may be unable to maintain our operations on these lands, which would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. However, Caesarea Development Corporation charges Kibbutz Sdot-Yam based on the use of the relevant portion of the property for industrial purposes, and thus, has provided recognition to Kibbutz Sdot-Yam’s use of such portion of the property for industrial purposes.

Pursuant to new agreements between us and Kibbutz Sdot-Yam that will be effective immediately following this offering, we will depend on Kibbutz Sdot-Yam in the future with respect to acquiring new land as well as building additional facilities should we need them.

Pursuant to the new land use agreement with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to be effective immediately following the closing of this offering, we may not terminate the operation of either of the two production lines at our plant in Kibbutz Sdot-Yam as long as we continue to operate production lines elsewhere in Israel, and our headquarters must remain at Kibbutz Sdot-Yam. As a result of these restrictions, our ability to reorganize our manufacturing operations and headquarters in Israel is limited. In addition, pursuant to the new land use agreement, subject to certain exceptions, if we need additional facilities on the land that we are permitted to use, subject to obtaining the

 

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permits required by law, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam will build such facilities for us by using the proceeds of a loan that we will make to Kibbutz Sdot-Yam, which loan shall be repaid to us by off-setting the additional monthly payment that we would pay for such new facilities and, if not fully repaid during the lease term, upon termination thereof. As a result, in the future we may depend on Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to build such facilities in a timely manner. While Kibbutz Sdot-Yam is responsible under the agreement for obtaining various licenses, permits, approvals and authorizations necessary for use of the property, we have waived any monetary recourse against Kibbutz Sdot-Yam for failure to receive such licenses, permits, approvals and authorizations.

Pursuant to a new agreement with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to be effective immediately following the closing of this offering through October 2017, if we wish to acquire or lease any additional lands, whether on the grounds of our Bar-Lev facility, or elsewhere in Israel, for the purpose of establishing new plants or production lines: (i) Kibbutz Sdot-Yam will purchase the land and build the required facilities on such land at its own expense in accordance with our needs; (ii) we will perform any necessary building adjustments at our expense; and (iii) Kibbutz Sdot-Yam will lease the land and the facility to us under a long-term lease agreement with terms to be negotiated in accordance with the then prevailing market price. As a result, in the future we may depend on Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to act in connection with the expansion of our facilities. We may also incur greater costs associated with the purchase of additional land or the construction of additional facilities than we could obtain from a third-party due to our arrangement with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam. For more information with respect to these agreements, see “Principal shareholders” and “Certain relationships and related party transactions.”

Regulators and other third parties may challenge the conclusion that our agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam are no less favorable to us than if they had been negotiated with unaffiliated third parties.

Our headquarters, research and development facilities and one of our two manufacturing facilities are located on lands leased by Kibbutz Sdot-Yam, which beneficially owns a majority of our shares. We have entered into certain agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam pursuant to which Kibbutz Sdot-Yam provides us with, among other things, a portion of our labor force, electricity, maintenance, security and other services as well as management services, including strategic, operational, and technical advisory services, and the use of our land. We believe that they represent terms no less favorable than those that would have been obtained from an unaffiliated third party. Nevertheless, regulators and other third parties may challenge these conclusions. Such conclusions require subjective judgments regarding valuations, and others may consider the terms of these agreements to be less favorable than the terms that would have been included had these agreements been negotiated with unaffiliated third parties. As a result, the accounting and tax treatment for these transactions may be called into question. See “Certain relationships and related party transactions.”

Our directors and executive officers who are members of Kibbutz Sdot-Yam may have conflicts of interest with respect to matters involving the company.

Three members of our board of directors, including our Chairman, one of our executive officers and a number of our key employees are members of Kibbutz Sdot-Yam, which beneficially owns a majority of our shares. Some of these individuals are also members of the management board of Kibbutz Sdot-Yam. These persons will have fiduciary duties to both us and Kibbutz Sdot-Yam. As a result, they may have real or apparent conflicts of interest on matters affecting both us and Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and in some circumstances may have interests adverse to ours. See “Management.”

 

 

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Recent changes in Israeli law may require our board, audit committee and shareholders to reapprove certain of our agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and Tene every three years, and their failure to do so may expose us to liability and cause significant disruption to our business.

The Israeli Companies Law was recently amended to require the authorized corporate organs of a public company approve every three years any extraordinary transaction in which a controlling shareholder has a personal interest and that has a term of more than three years unless a company’s audit committee, constituted in accordance with the Israeli Companies Law, determines, solely with respect to agreements that do not involve compensation to a controlling shareholder or his or her relatives, in connection with services rendered by any of them to the company or their employment with the company, that a longer term is reasonable under the circumstances. This requirement is new and there is uncertainty regarding its implementation. Accordingly, it may also be necessary to obtain the approval of our board and shareholders of any such determination by the audit committee. Our audit committee to be formed upon the pricing of this offering will not be constituted in accordance with the Israeli Companies Law until our external directors are appointed by our general meeting of shareholders no later than three months following the completion of this offering. As a result, we cannot be sure that our audit committee, once constituted, and our board and shareholders, if required, will determine that the terms of our agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam, our controlling shareholder, which are longer than three years, are reasonable under the circumstances. These agreements include our land use agreement (20-year term from the day of the first month following this offering), land purchase agreement and leaseback (10-year term from the date of the closing of this offering), manpower agreement (10-year term from January 1, 2011), services agreement (eight-year term from the date of the closing of this offering) and registration rights agreement between us, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and Tene (seven-year term from the date of the closing of this offering). Absent such a determination, then our board, audit committee and shareholders will be required to reapprove these agreements every three years. The approval of our shareholders must fulfill one of the following requirements:

 

 

a majority of the shares held by shareholders who have no personal interest in the transaction and are voting at the meeting must be voted in favor of approving the transaction, excluding abstentions; or

 

 

the shares voted by shareholders who have no personal interest in the transaction who vote against the transaction represent no more than 2.0% of the voting rights in the company.

If our board, audit committee and shareholders do not reapprove the agreements, we will be required to terminate them, which may be considered a breach under the terms of the agreements, and could expose us to damage claims and legal fees, and cause significant disruption to our business since the agreements relate to core aspects of our manufacturing activities and to the uninterrupted operation of our business. In addition, we would be required to find suitable replacements for the services provided to us by Kibbutz Sdot-Yam, which may take time and we can provide no assurance that we will achieve the same or better terms than those we have agreed with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam.

 

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Risks related to our ordinary shares and the offering

Our share price may be volatile, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

The initial public offering price for the ordinary shares sold in this offering was determined by negotiation between us and representatives of the underwriters. This price may not reflect the market price of our ordinary shares following this offering and the price of our ordinary shares may decline. In addition, the market price of our ordinary shares could be highly volatile and may fluctuate substantially as a result of many factors, including:

 

 

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our results of operations;

 

 

variance in our financial performance from the expectations of market analysts;

 

 

announcements by us or our competitors of significant business developments, changes in distributor relationships, acquisitions or expansion plans;

 

 

changes in the prices of our raw materials or the products we sell;

 

 

our involvement in litigation;

 

 

our sale of ordinary shares or other securities in the future;

 

 

market conditions in our industry;

 

 

changes in key personnel;

 

 

the trading volume of our ordinary shares;

 

 

changes in the estimation of the future size and growth rate of our markets; and

 

 

general economic and market conditions.

In addition, the stock markets have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations. Broad market and industry factors may materially harm the market price of our ordinary shares, regardless of our operating performance. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against that company. If we were involved in any similar litigation we could incur substantial costs and our management’s attention and resources could be diverted.

There has been no prior public market for our ordinary shares, and an active trading market may not develop.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our ordinary shares. An active trading market may not develop following completion of this offering or, if developed, may not be sustained. The lack of an active market may impair your ability to sell your shares at the time you wish to sell them or at a price that you consider reasonable. The lack of an active market may also reduce the fair market value of your shares. An inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital by selling shares of capital stock and may impair our ability to acquire other companies by using our shares as consideration.

 

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If equity research analysts do not publish research or reports about our business or if they issue unfavorable commentary or downgrade our ordinary shares, the price of our ordinary shares could decline.

The trading market for our ordinary shares will rely in part on the research and reports that equity research analysts publish about us and our business. The price of our ordinary shares could decline if one or more securities analysts downgrade our ordinary shares or if those analysts issue other unfavorable commentary or cease publishing reports about us or our business.

The controlling share ownership position of Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and the significant share ownership position of Tene will limit your ability to influence corporate matters.

Following the completion of this offering, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam will beneficially own approximately 56.1% of our ordinary shares and Tene will beneficially own 24.0% of our ordinary shares. If the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option, these percentages will decrease to 54.5% and 23.3%, respectively. Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and Tene have entered into an agreement pursuant to which they have agreed to vote for each other’s nominees for our board of directors. Pursuant to the voting agreement, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and Tene will vote together for six of the 11 members of our board of directors with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam nominating six nominees, and, for as long as Tene holds more than 8.25% of our outstanding share capital, for a seventh nominee selected by Tene. Our board of directors immediately following this offering will consist of 10 members. Kibbutz Sdot-Yam has the right to propose for nomination an additional member to our board of directors. Once Kibbutz Sdot-Yam proposes such member, and he or she is elected at a general meeting of our shareholders, our board of directors will consist of 11 members. In addition, Tene will vote for such nominees as nominated by Kibbutz Sdot-Yam for the other four positions, provided these nominees are qualified in accordance with applicable law. The voting agreement will terminate if Tene’s holdings in our company decrease below 8.25%. As a result of this concentration of share ownership, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam acting on its own has, and in the future, should Kibbutz Sdot-Yam’s beneficial ownership of our shares be reduced, acting together with Tene, will have, sufficient voting power to effectively control all matters submitted to our shareholders for approval that do not require a special majority, including:

 

 

the composition of our board of directors (other than external directors);

 

approving or rejecting a merger, consolidation or other business combination; and

 

amending our articles of association, which govern the rights attached to our ordinary shares.

This concentration of ownership of our ordinary shares could delay or prevent proxy contests, mergers, tender offers, open-market purchase programs or other purchases of shares of our ordinary shares that might otherwise give you the opportunity to realize a premium over then-prevailing market price of our ordinary shares. The interests of Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and Tene may not always coincide with the interests of our other shareholders. This concentration of ownership may also adversely affect our share price.

We are a “controlled company” within the meaning of Nasdaq listing standards and, as a result, will qualify for, and intend to rely on, exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements.

As a result of the number of shares beneficially owned by Kibbutz Sdot-Yam, after the completion of this offering, we will be a “controlled company” under the Nasdaq corporate governance rules. A “controlled company” is a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, group or another company. Pursuant to the “controlled company” exemption, we are not required to comply with the requirements that: (1) a majority

 

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of our board of directors consist of independent directors, and (2) we have a compensation committee and a nominating committee composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing each committee’s purpose and responsibilities. See “Management—Corporate governance practices.” Accordingly, you will not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the Nasdaq Stock Market.

As a foreign private issuer whose shares are listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, we may in the future follow certain home country corporate governance practices instead of certain Nasdaq requirements.

As a foreign private issuer whose shares will be listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, we are permitted to follow certain home country corporate governance practices instead of certain requirements of the rules of Nasdaq. This will be the case even if we cease to be a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq listing standards. As permitted under the Israeli Companies Law, our articles of association to be effective following the closing of this offering will provide that the quorum for any ordinary meeting of shareholders shall be the presence of at least two shareholders present in person, by proxy or by a voting instrument, who hold at least 25% of the voting power of our shares instead of 33  1/3% of the issued share capital required under Nasdaq requirements. For an adjourned meeting at which a quorum is not present, the meeting may generally proceed irrespective of the number of shareholders present at the end of half an hour following the time fixed for the meeting. We also intend to approve the adoption of, and material changes to, equity incentive plans in accordance with the Israeli Companies Law, which does not impose a requirement of shareholder approval for such actions. In the future, we may also choose to follow Israeli corporate governance practices instead of Nasdaq requirements with regard to, among other things, the composition of our board of directors, compensation of officers, director nomination procedures and quorum requirements at shareholders’ meetings. In addition, we may also choose to follow Israeli corporate governance practice instead of Nasdaq requirements to obtain shareholder approval for certain dilutive events (such as for the establishment or amendment of certain equity-based compensation plans, issuances that will result in a change of control of the company, certain transactions other than a public offering involving issuances of a 20% or more interest in the company and certain acquisitions of the stock or assets of another company). Accordingly, our shareholders may not be afforded the same protection as provided under Nasdaq corporate governance rules. Following our home country governance practices as opposed to the requirements that would otherwise apply to a United States company listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market may provide less protection than is accorded to investors of domestic issuers. See “Management—Corporate governance practices.”

In addition, as a foreign private issuer, we will be exempt from the rules and regulations under the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, related to the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our officers, directors, and principal shareholders will be exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we will not be required under the Exchange Act to file annual, quarterly and current reports and financial statements with the Securities and Exchange Commission as frequently or as promptly as domestic companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act.

 

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Our United States shareholders may suffer adverse tax consequences if we are characterized as a passive foreign investment company.

Generally, if for any taxable year 75% or more of our gross income is passive income, or at least 50% of our assets are held for the production of, or produce, passive income, we would be characterized as a passive foreign investment company for United States federal income tax purposes. There can be no assurance that we will not be considered a passive foreign investment company for any taxable year. If we are characterized as a passive foreign investment company, our United States shareholders may suffer adverse tax consequences, including having gains realized on the sale of our ordinary shares treated as ordinary income, rather than capital gain, the loss of the preferential rate applicable to dividends received on our ordinary shares by individuals who are United States holders, and having interest charges apply to distributions by us and the proceeds of share sales. See “Taxation and government programs—United States federal income taxation—Passive foreign investment company considerations.”

The market price of our ordinary shares could be negatively affected by future sales of our ordinary shares.

After this offering, there will be 33,366,250 ordinary shares outstanding. Sales by us or our shareholders of a substantial number of our ordinary shares in the public market following this offering, or the perception that these sales might occur, could cause the market price of our ordinary shares to decline or could impair our ability to raise capital through a future sale of, or pay for acquisitions using, our equity securities. Of our issued and outstanding shares, all the ordinary shares sold in this offering will be freely transferable, except for shares, if any, purchased by our “affiliates,” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933. Following completion of this offering, approximately 80.0% of our outstanding ordinary shares (or 77.7% if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full) will be beneficially owned by Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and Tene, and can be resold into the public markets in the future in accordance with the requirements of Rule 144, including volume. See “Shares eligible for future sale.”

We and our executive officers, directors, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and Tene, holding collectively 100% of our outstanding ordinary shares, have agreed with the underwriters that, subject to limited exceptions, for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus, we and they will not directly or indirectly offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase or otherwise dispose of any ordinary shares or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for ordinary shares, or in any manner transfer all or a portion of the economic consequences associated with the ownership of ordinary shares, or cause a registration statement covering any ordinary shares to be filed, without the prior written consent of J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and Barclays Capital Inc. J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and Barclays Capital Inc., may, in their sole discretion and at any time without notice, release all or any portion of the shares subject to these lock-up agreements.

Starting six months after the closing of this offering, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and Tene are entitled to require that we register their 26,706,250 shares under the Securities Act of 1933 for resale into the public markets. All shares sold pursuant to an offering covered by such registration statement will be freely transferable. See “Certain relationships and related party transactions—Registration rights agreement.”

In addition to these registration rights, 1,461,442 ordinary shares will be issuable under stock options granted to employees immediately following the pricing of this offering. If we issue additional shares pursuant to the underwriters’ exercise of their over-allotment option, we will

 

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further adjust the amount so that it represents 4.38% of our ordinary shares outstanding following the exercise of the over-allotment option. Following this offering, we intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act registering 2,375,000 shares under our stock incentive plans. Shares included in such registration statement will be available for sale in the public market immediately after such filing except for shares held by affiliates who will have certain restrictions on their ability to sell.

We cannot provide assurances regarding the amount or timing of dividend payments and may decide not to pay dividends in the future.

We do not intend to declare or pay any cash dividends on our ordinary shares until at least one year following this offering. After that time, payments of dividends will be made from time to time, based on the recommendation of our board of directors, after taking into account legal limitations and contractual limitations under our credit agreements, and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. Accordingly, we cannot provide assurances regarding the amount or timing of dividend payments and may decide not to pay dividends in the future. As a result, you should not rely on an investment in our ordinary shares to provide dividend income.

You will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of the ordinary shares you purchase in this offering.

The initial public offering price of our ordinary shares substantially exceeds the net tangible book value per share of our ordinary shares immediately after this offering. Therefore, based on the initial public offering price of $11.00 per share, if you purchase our ordinary shares in this offering, you will suffer, as of December 31, 2011, immediate dilution of $7.68 per share in net tangible book value after giving effect to (1) the sale of 6,660,000 ordinary shares in this offering at an initial public offering price of $11.00 per share less underwriting discounts and commissions and the estimated expenses payable by us, and the application of the net proceeds as described in “Use of proceeds” and (2) the payment of a special dividend of $25.6 million that we intend to pay immediately following the closing of this offering to our existing shareholders prior to this offering and an additional dividend of $0.8 million that we intend to pay to our preferred shareholders prior to the closing of this offering. As a result of this dilution, as of December 31, 2011, investors purchasing ordinary shares from us in this offering will have contributed 56.8% of the total amount of our total gross funding to date but will own only 20.0% of our equity. If outstanding options to purchase our ordinary shares are exercised in the future, you will experience additional dilution. See “Dilution.”

We have broad discretion in the use of the significant majority of the net proceeds from this offering and may not use them effectively.

We intend to use $25.6 million of the net proceeds of this offering to pay a special dividend to our existing shareholders immediately following the closing of this offering and to use $6.5 million of the net proceeds of this offering to pay the balance of the acquisition price for the remaining 75% equity interest in our U.S. distributor, Caesarstone USA, formerly known as U.S. Quartz Products, Inc. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to expand our production capacity during the next one to two years. We estimate that an additional production line would require an investment of approximately $30 million. See “Use of proceeds” and “Dividend policy.” Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the balance of the net proceeds from this offering, including any amounts not applied to expand our production capacity, and you will be relying on the judgment of our management regarding the application

 

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of these proceeds. Our management may not apply the net proceeds in ways that ultimately increase the value of your investment. In addition, we may use a portion of the net proceeds to acquire or invest in complementary companies, products or technologies. If we do not invest or apply the net proceeds from this offering in ways that enhance shareholder value, we may fail to achieve expected financial results, which could cause the price of our ordinary shares to decline.

Risks relating to our incorporation and location in Israel

Conditions in Israel could adversely affect our business.

We are incorporated under Israeli law and our principal offices and manufacturing facilities are located in Israel. Accordingly, political, economic and military conditions in Israel directly affect our business. Since the State of Israel was established in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have occurred between Israel and its Arab neighbors. Although Israel has entered into various agreements with Egypt, Jordan and the Palestinian Authority, there has been an increase in unrest and terrorist activity, which began in September 2000 and has continued with varying levels of severity into 2012. In mid-2006, Israel was engaged in an armed conflict with Hezbollah in Lebanon, resulting in thousands of rockets being fired from Lebanon and disrupting most day-to-day civilian activity in northern Israel. Starting in December 2008, for approximately three weeks, Israel engaged in an armed conflict with Hamas in the Gaza Strip, which involved missile strikes against civilian targets in various parts of Israel and negatively affected business conditions in Israel. Our facilities in the Bar- Lev Industrial Park are located in northern Israel and are in range of rockets that were fired during 2006 from Lebanon into Israel. In the event that our facilities are damaged as a result of hostile action or hostilities otherwise disrupt the ongoing operation of our facilities, our ability to deliver products to customers could be materially adversely affected.

Several countries, principally in the Middle East, still restrict doing business with Israel and Israeli companies, and additional countries may impose restrictions on doing business with Israel and Israeli companies if hostilities in Israel or political instability in the region continues or increases. These restrictions may limit materially our ability to obtain raw materials from these countries or sell our products to companies in these countries. Any hostilities involving Israel or the interruption or curtailment of trade between Israel and its present trading partners, or significant downturn in the economic or financial condition of Israel, could adversely affect our operations and product development, cause our revenues to decrease and adversely affect the share price of publicly traded companies having operations in Israel, such as us.

Our operations may be disrupted by the obligations of personnel to perform military service.

As of December 31, 2011, we had 838 employees of whom 533 were based in Israel, including 72 kibbutz members, with whom we do not have a direct employment relationship and who are engaged under a Manpower Agreement with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam. Our employees in Israel, generally males, including executive officers, may be called upon to perform up to 36 days (in some cases more) of annual military reserve duty until they reach the age of 45 (and in some cases, up to 49) and, in emergency circumstances, could be called to active duty. In response to increased tension and hostilities, there have been since September 2000 occasional call-ups of military reservists, including in connection with the mid-2006 war in Lebanon and the December 2008 conflict with Hamas, and it is possible that there will be additional call-ups in the future. Our operations could be disrupted by the absence of a significant number of our male employees

 

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related to military service or the absence for extended periods of one or more of our key employees for military service. Such disruption could materially adversely affect our business and results of operations. Additionally, the absence of a significant number of the employees of our Israeli suppliers and contract manufacturers related to military service or the absence for extended periods of one or more of their key employees for military service may disrupt their operations, in which event our ability to deliver products to customers may be materially adversely affected.

Our operations may be affected by negative economic conditions or labor unrest in Israel.

General strikes or work stoppages, including at Israeli sea ports, have occurred periodically or have been threatened in the past by Israeli trade unions due to labor disputes. These general strikes or work stoppages may have an adverse effect on the Israeli economy and on our business, including our ability to deliver products to our customers and to receive raw materials from our suppliers in a timely manner. These general strikes or work stoppages may prevent us from shipping our products by sea or otherwise to our customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

The tax benefits that are available to us require us to continue to meet various conditions and may be terminated or reduced in the future, which could increase our costs and taxes.

Some of our Israeli facilities have been granted “Approved Enterprise” status by the Investment Center in the Israeli Ministry of Industry Trade and Labor or have the status of a “Beneficiary Enterprise” or “Preferred Enterprise,” which provided us with investment grants (in respect of certain Approved Enterprise programs) and made us eligible for tax benefits under the Israeli Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959, referred to as the Investment Law.

In order to remain eligible for the tax benefits of an “Approved Enterprise,” a “Beneficiary Enterprise” and/or a “Preferred Enterprise,” we must continue to meet certain conditions stipulated in the Investment Law and its regulations, as amended, which may include, among other things, making specified investments in fixed assets and equipment, financing a percentage of those investments with our capital contributions, filing certain reports with the Investment Center, complying with provisions regarding intellectual property and the criteria set forth in the specific certificate of approval issued by the Investment Center or the Israel Tax Authority. If we do not meet these requirements, the tax benefits would be canceled and we could be required to refund any tax benefits and investment grants that we received in the past. Further, in the future these tax benefits may be reduced or discontinued. If these tax benefits are cancelled, our Israeli taxable income would be subject to regular Israeli corporate tax rates. The standard corporate tax rate for Israeli companies in 2010 was 25% of their taxable income and was reduced to 24% in 2011. It was scheduled to fall to 23% in 2012 and ultimately to 18% by 2016. However, this scheduled gradual reduction in corporate tax rates was repealed with the enactment of the Law for Changing the Tax Burden in Israel in late 2011 and instead the corporate tax rate will increase to 25% in 2012 and thereafter.

Effective January 1, 2011, the Investment Law was amended. Under the amended Investment Law, the criteria for receiving tax benefits were revised. In the future, we may not be eligible to receive additional tax benefits under this law. The termination or reduction of these tax benefits would increase our tax liability, which would reduce our profits. Additionally, if we increase our activities outside of Israel through acquisitions, for example, our expanded activities might not be eligible for inclusion in future Israeli tax benefit programs. Finally, in the event of a

 

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distribution of a dividend from the abovementioned tax-exempt income, in addition to withholding tax at a rate of 15% (or a reduced rate under an applicable double tax treaty), we will be subject to tax at the corporate tax rate applicable to our Approved Enterprise’s and Beneficiary Enterprise’s income on the amount distributed in accordance with the effective corporate tax rate which would have been applied had we not enjoyed the exemption. See “Taxation and government programs—Israeli tax considerations and government programs—Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959.”

It may be difficult to enforce a U.S. judgment against us, our officers and directors and the Israeli experts named in this prospectus in Israel or the United States, or to assert U.S. securities laws claims in Israel or serve process on our officers and directors and these experts.

We are incorporated in Israel. None of our directors nor our independent registered public accounting firm, are residents of the United States. None of our executive officers other than one executive officer is resident in the United States. The majority of our assets and the assets of these persons are located outside the United States. Therefore, it may be difficult for an investor, or any other person or entity, to enforce a U.S. court judgment based upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against us or any of these persons in a U.S. or Israeli court, or to effect service of process upon these persons in the United States. Additionally, it may be difficult for an investor, or any other person or entity, to assert U.S. securities law claims in original actions instituted in Israel. Israeli courts may refuse to hear a claim based on a violation of U.S. securities laws on the grounds that Israel is not the most appropriate forum in which to bring such a claim. Even if an Israeli court agrees to hear a claim, it may determine that Israeli law and not U.S. law is applicable to the claim. If U.S. law is found to be applicable, the content of applicable U.S. law must be proved as a fact which can be a time-consuming and costly process. Certain matters of procedure will also be governed by Israeli law. There is little binding case law in Israel addressing the matters described above. See “Enforceability of civil liabilities.”

Your rights and responsibilities as our shareholder will be governed by Israeli law which may differ in some respects from the rights and responsibilities of shareholders of United States corporations.

Since we are incorporated under Israeli law, the rights and responsibilities of our shareholders are governed by our articles of association and Israeli law. These rights and responsibilities differ in some respects from the rights and responsibilities of shareholders in United States-based corporations. In particular, a shareholder of an Israeli company has a duty to act in good faith and in a customary manner in exercising its rights and performing its obligations towards the company and other shareholders and to refrain from abusing its power in the company, including, among other things, in voting at the general meeting of shareholders on certain matters, such as an amendment to the company’s articles of association, an increase of the company’s authorized share capital, a merger of the company and approval of related party transactions that require shareholder approval. A shareholder also has a general duty to refrain from discriminating against other shareholders. In addition, a controlling shareholder or a shareholder who knows that it possesses the power to determine the outcome of a shareholders’ vote or to appoint or prevent the appointment of an office holder in the company or has another power with respect to the company, has a duty to act in fairness towards the company. However, Israeli law does not define the substance of this duty of fairness. See “Management—Fiduciary duties and approval of specified related party transactions under Israeli law—Duties of shareholders.” Because Israeli corporate law underwent extensive revisions approximately ten years ago, the parameters and

 

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implications of the provisions that govern shareholder behavior have not been clearly determined. These provisions may be interpreted to impose additional obligations and liabilities on our shareholders that are not typically imposed on shareholders of United States corporations.

Provisions of Israeli law may delay, prevent or make undesirable an acquisition of all or a significant portion of our shares or assets.

Israeli corporate law regulates mergers and requires that a tender offer be effected when more than a specified percentage of shares in a company are purchased. Further, Israeli tax considerations may make potential transactions undesirable to us or to some of our shareholders whose country of residence does not have a tax treaty with Israel granting tax relief to such shareholders from Israeli tax. With respect to mergers, Israeli tax law allows for tax deferral in certain circumstances but makes the deferral contingent on the fulfillment of numerous conditions, including a holding period of two years from the date of the transaction during which certain sales and dispositions of shares of the participating companies are restricted. Moreover, with respect to certain share swap transactions, the tax deferral is limited in time, and when such time expires, the tax becomes payable even if no actual disposition of the shares has occurred. See “Description of share capital—Acquisitions under Israeli law.”

Under Israeli law, our two external directors have terms of office of three years. In addition, our board of directors is entitled pursuant to our articles of association to designate two of our independent directors in office at the time of this offering (in addition to our external directors) to have an initial term of three years in office. As a result, four of the 10 members of our board of directors following the IPO will be subject to election after three years (with the two external directors continuing in the future to be subject to election every three years).

These provisions of Israeli law and our articles of association could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control and may make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us or our shareholders to elect different individuals to our board of directors, even if doing so would be beneficial to our shareholders, and may limit the price that investors may be willing to pay in the future for our ordinary shares.

Under Israeli law, we could be considered a “monopoly” and therefore subject to certain restrictions that may limit our ability to freely conduct our business to which our competitors may not be subject.

Sales in Israel accounted for 14.9% of our revenues in 2011. Our products account for a significant portion of kitchen countertop sales in Israel, but a relatively minor share of sales of all countertops and surface covers in Israel. Under the Israeli Restrictive Trade Practices Law, 1988, (the “Israeli Anti-Trust Law”), a company that supplies more than 50% of any product or service in Israel or in a specific area in Israel is deemed to be a monopoly. The determination of monopoly status depends on an analysis of the relevant product or service market.

Depending on the analysis and the definition of the relevant product market in which we operate, we may be deemed to be a “monopoly” under Israeli law. Under the Israeli Anti-Trust Law, a monopoly is prohibited from participating in certain business practices, including discriminating between customers or charging what are considered to be unfair prices, and from engaging in certain other practices in order to protect against unfair competition. The General Director of the Israeli Antitrust Authority has the right to determine that a company is a monopoly (including a determination that it is a monopoly that has abused its position in the

 

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market) and has the right to intervene by ordering such a company to change its conduct in matters that may adversely affect the public, including imposing business restrictions on a company determined to be a monopoly and giving instructions with respect to the prices charged by the monopoly. If the General Director determines that we are a monopoly and also finds that we have abused our position in the market by taking anti-competitive actions, such as those described above, it would serve as prima facie evidence in private actions against the company alleging that we have engaged in anti-competitive behavior. Furthermore, the General Director may order us to take or refrain from taking certain actions, which could limit our ability to freely conduct our business. To date, the General Director has not made a determination that we are a monopoly. We do not believe that our operations constitute a violation of the provisions of the Israeli Anti-Trust Law even if we were found to be a monopoly under the Israeli Anti-Trust Law, but we cannot guarantee this to be the case.

We have a significant market position in certain other jurisdictions and cannot assure you that we are not, or will not become, subject to the laws relating to the use of dominant product positions in particular countries, which laws could limit our business practices and our ability to consummate acquisitions.

 

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Special note regarding forward-looking statements

We make forward-looking statements in this prospectus that are subject to risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements include information about possible or assumed future results of our business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, plans and objectives. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “believe,” “may,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “should,” “plan,” “expect,” “predict,” “potential,” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. The statements we make regarding the following subject matters are forward-looking by their nature:

 

 

our ability to respond to new market developments;

 

our intent to penetrate further our existing markets and penetrate new markets;

 

our belief in the sufficiency of our cash flows to meet our needs for the next year;

 

our plans to invest in developing future product families;

 

our plans to establish an additional production line;

 

our plans to invest in research and development for the development of new quartz products;

 

our ability to increase quartz’s penetration in our existing markets and new markets;

 

our ability to acquire third-party distributors, manufacturers and raw material suppliers;

 

our plans to continue to expand our international presence;

 

our expectations regarding future prices of polyester and other polymer resins;

 

our expectations regarding our future product mix; and

 

our intended use of proceeds of this offering.

The preceding list is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all of our forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements are based on our beliefs, assumptions and expectations of future performance, taking into account the information currently available to us. These statements are only predictions based upon our current expectations and projections about future events. There are important factors that could cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from the results, level of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. In particular, you should consider the numerous risks provided under “Risk factors” in this prospectus.

You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee that future results, levels of activity, performance and events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or will occur. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason after the date of this prospectus to conform these statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations.

 

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Functional currency and exchange rate information

Our functional currency is the New Israeli Shekel (NIS); however, our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. As a result, our financial statements have been translated into U.S. dollars using the current rate method. Under the current rate method, assets and liabilities are translated using the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the fiscal year or other applicable period. Equity accounts are translated using the historical exchange rate at the relevant transaction date. All other balance sheet accounts are translated using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Gains and losses resulting from the translation of financial statements are presented as part of shareholders’ equity.

The following table sets forth, for each period indicated, the low and high exchange rates for New Israeli Shekels expressed in U.S. Dollars, the exchange rate at the end of such period and the average of such exchange rates on the last day of each month during such period, based upon the representative rate of exchange as published by the Bank of Israel. The exchange rates set forth below demonstrate trends in exchange rates, but the actual exchange rates used throughout this prospectus may vary.

 

      Year Ended December 31,  
     2007      2008      2009      2010      2011  

 

 

High

     0.261         0.310         0.271         0.282         0.297   

Low

     0.230         0.249         0.235         0.257         0.262   

Period end

     0.260         0.263         0.264         0.282         0.262   

Average rate

     0.244         0.280         0.255         0.268         0.279   

 

 

The following table sets forth, for each of the last six months, the low and high exchange rates for New Israeli Shekels expressed in U.S. Dollars, the exchange rate at the end of the month and the average of such exchange rates, based on the daily representative rate of exchange as published by the Bank of Israel.

 

      Last Six Months  
    

September

    

October

    

November

    

December

     January      February  
  

 

 

 
                          2011             2012  

 

 

High

     0.280         0.278         0.274         0.268         0.268         0.270   

Low

     0.268         0.266         0.263         0.262         0.259         0.263   

End of month

     0.269         0.277         0.264         0.262         0.268         0.266   

Average rate

     0.272         0.273         0.268         0.265         0.263         0.267   

 

 

As of December 30, 2011, the representative exchange rate last published by the Bank of Israel was $1.00 = NIS 3.821.

 

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Use of proceeds

We estimate that our net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $65.4 million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

We intend to use $25.6 million of the net proceeds of this offering to pay a special dividend to our existing shareholders immediately following the closing of this offering. See “Dividend policy.”

We intend to use $6.5 million of the net proceeds of this offering to pay the balance of the acquisition price for the remaining 75% equity interest in our U.S. distributor, Caesarstone USA, in which we acquired a 25% interest in January 2007. We acquired the remaining interest in May 2011 and the balance of the purchase price is payable following the closing of this offering.

We may use a portion of the net proceeds to expand our production capacity during the next one to two years. We estimate that an additional production line would require an investment of approximately $30 million. We may choose to expand our production capacity by several means, including an acquisition, and the funds required may be greater or less.

We intend to use the balance of the net proceeds of this offering for working capital and other general corporate purposes. We may also use all or a portion of the remaining net proceeds to acquire or invest in complementary companies, products or technologies. We are not currently a party to, or involved with, discussions regarding any other material acquisition that is probable, although we routinely engage in discussions with distributors and suppliers regarding potential acquisitions.

We will have broad discretion in the way that we use the balance of the net proceeds of this offering. Pending use of the net proceeds, we intend to invest the net proceeds in interest-bearing, investment-grade instruments or deposit the net proceeds in bank accounts.

 

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Dividend policy

We have declared a special dividend of $25.6 million that we intend to pay immediately following the closing of this offering to our existing shareholders prior this offering, and we also intend to pay to our preferred shareholders an additional dividend of $0.8 million prior to the closing of this offering. Investors in this offering will not receive any portion of the foregoing dividends to our existing shareholders. See “Use of proceeds.”

We did not pay any dividends in fiscal years 2006 and 2008. We paid dividends equating to $2.6 million in fiscal year 2007, $9.9 million in fiscal year 2009, $14.0 million in fiscal year 2010 and $6.9 million in fiscal year 2011. Our dividends were denominated in NIS and have been translated into U.S. dollars at the applicable exchange rate prevailing on the date each dividend was distributed.

We do not intend to declare or pay any cash dividends on our ordinary shares until at least one year following this offering. After that time, payments of dividends may be made from time to time, based on the recommendation of our board of directors, after taking into account legal limitations and contractual limitations under our credit agreements, and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. We may only pay dividends if we are in compliance with the financial covenants contained in the agreements for our loans and credit lines both before and after payment of any dividend. We are currently in compliance with all such covenants. See “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations—Liquidity and capital resources—Credit facilities.”

Under Israeli law, we may declare and pay dividends only if, upon the determination of our board of directors, there is no reasonable concern that the distribution will prevent us from being able to meet the terms of our existing and foreseeable obligations as they become due. The distribution of dividends is further limited by Israeli law to the greater of retained earnings and earnings generated over the two most recent years. In the event that we do not have retained earnings or earnings generated over the two most recent years legally available for distribution, we may seek the approval of the court to distribute a dividend. The court may approve our request if it is convinced that there is no reasonable concern that a payment of a dividend will prevent us from satisfying our existing and foreseeable obligations as they become due. See “Description of share capital—Dividend and liquidation rights.”

To the extent we declare a dividend, we do not intend to distribute dividends from earnings related to our Approved/Beneficiary Enterprise programs. The taxable income exemption provided under the Approved/Beneficiary Enterprise program is valid exclusively for undistributed earnings, and as a result, a distribution of earnings related to our Approved/Beneficiary Enterprise programs would subject us to additional tax payments upon a distribution of these earnings as dividends.

The payment of dividends may be subject to Israeli withholding taxes. See “Taxation and government programs—Israeli tax consideration and government programs—Taxation of our shareholders—Dividends.”

 

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Capitalization

The following table sets forth our total capitalization as of December 31, 2011, as follows:

 

 

on an actual basis;

 

 

on a pro forma basis to reflect (1) the automatic conversion of all outstanding preferred shares into ordinary shares upon the closing of this offering, and (2) the payment of a special dividend of $25.6 million that we intend to pay immediately following the closing of this offering to our existing shareholders and an additional dividend of $0.8 million that we intend to pay to our preferred shareholders prior to the closing of this offering; and

 

 

on a pro forma as adjusted basis to give additional effect to (1) our issuance and sale of ordinary shares in this offering at the initial public offering price of $11.00 per share, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, and the application of such proceeds as described in “Use of proceeds,” (2) the payment of $1.3 million to our Chief Executive Officer in connection with the automatic exercise upon the closing of this offering of his right to receive payment with respect to the increase in value of 175,000 of our shares granted to him in January 2009 based on the increase in value of our company at the date of this offering (see “Management—Equity incentive plan—Grant of stock options to chief executive officer”), (3) the payment of $1.7 million to certain of our employees and $0.25 million to our Chairman for their contribution to our success, and (4) the amendment and restatement of our articles of association as of the closing date of this offering.

 

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You should read this information in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes appearing at the end of this prospectus, the “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations” section and other financial information contained in this prospectus.

 

      As of December 31, 2011  
(in thousands except share data)    Actual      Pro Forma     

Pro Forma

As Adjusted(1)

 

 

  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
            (unaudited)  

Total debt

   $ 23,632       $ 38,082       $ 23,632   

Redeemable non-controlling interest(2)

   $ 6,205       $ 6,205       $ 6,205   

Ordinary shares, par value NIS 0.04 per share; 126,158,750 shares authorized, 19,565,000 shares issued and outstanding, actual; 133,300,000 shares authorized, 26,706,250 issued and outstanding, pro forma; 133,300,000 shares authorized, 33,366,250 shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted(3)

     192         278         348   

Preferred shares, par value NIS 0.04 per share; 7,141,250 shares authorized; 7,141,250 shares issued and outstanding, actual; no shares authorized and no shares issued or outstanding, pro forma and pro forma as adjusted(3)

     86              

Additional paid-in capital

     55,338         55,338         120,666   

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     6,306         6,306         6,306   

Foreign currency translation adjustments

     7,376         7,376         7,376   

Retained earnings

   $ 67,153       $ 40,753       $ 39,169   
  

 

 

 

Total shareholders’ equity

   $ 136,451       $ 110,051       $ 173,865   
  

 

 

 

Total capitalization

   $ 166,288       $ 154,338       $ 203,702   

 

  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)   Pro forma as adjusted does not reflect the receipt of $11.4 million from Kibbutz Sdot-Yam in connection with the anticipated sale and leaseback of our facilities in the Bar-Lev Industrial Park, which we expect to occur following the closing of this offering subject to receipt of approvals from certain Israeli governmental authorities (see “Certain relationships and related party transactions—Relationship and agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam—Land purchase agreement and leaseback”).

 

(2)   Redeemable non-controlling interest consists of 45% of the common stock of our Canadian joint venture, Caesarstone Canada Inc., in which we own a 55% interest. The 45% interest that we do not own is subject to a put option exercisable by the holder to us. Following the formation of our joint venture in October 2010, we measured all of the assets contributed to Caesarstone Canada Inc. by our former distributor in Eastern Canada, Canadian Quartz Holdings Inc., at their fair value to determine the redeemable non-controlling interest due to the put option granted to Canadian Quartz Holdings Inc. to sell its 45% ownership interest in Caesarstone Canada Inc. to us.

 

(3)   Our articles of association to be effective following this offering will provide that our authorized share capital will consist of 200,000,000 ordinary shares.

 

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Dilution

If you invest in our ordinary shares in this offering, your ownership interest will be immediately diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per share and the net tangible book value per ordinary share after this offering. Our pro forma net tangible book value as of December 31, 2011 was $47.0 million, corresponding to a net tangible book value of $1.76 per ordinary share. Pro forma net tangible book value per share represents our total tangible assets reduced by the amount of our total liabilities, divided by the total number of ordinary shares outstanding after giving effect to the conversion of all outstanding preferred shares upon the closing of this offering.

After giving effect to (1) the sale of ordinary shares that we are offering at the initial public offering price of $11.00 per share and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, and the application of such proceeds as described in “Use of proceeds” and (2) the payment of a special dividend of $25.6 million that we intend to pay immediately following the closing of this offering to our existing shareholders and an additional dividend of $0.8 million that we intend to pay to our preferred shareholders prior to the closing of this offering, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2011 would have been approximately $3.32 per ordinary share. This amount represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value of $1.56 per ordinary share to our existing shareholders and an immediate dilution in pro forma net tangible book value of approximately $7.68 per ordinary share to new investors purchasing ordinary shares in this offering. We determine dilution by subtracting the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering from the amount of cash that a new investor paid for an ordinary share.

The following table illustrates this dilution:

 

 

 

Initial public offering price per share

     $ 11.00   

Net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2011

   $ 2.75     

Increase per share attributable to this offering

     1.56     
  

 

 

   

Decrease in pro forma net tangible book value per share attributable to the special dividend discussed above

     0.99     
  

 

 

   

Pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering

       3.32   
    

 

 

 

Dilution per share to new investors

     $ 7.68   

 

 

If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional ordinary shares in full in this offering, the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value after the offering would be

 

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$3.32 per share, the increase in pro forma net tangible book value per share to existing shareholders would be $1.56 and the dilution per share to new investors would be $7.68 per share.

The following table summarizes, as of December 31, 2011, the differences between the number of shares purchased from us, the total consideration paid to us in cash and the average price per share that existing shareholders and new investors paid. The calculation below is based on the initial public offering price of $11.00 per share before deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

 

      Shares purchased      Total consideration      Average price  
     Number      Percent      Amount      Percent      per share  

 

 

Existing shareholders

     26,706,250         80.0%       $ 55,616,000         43.2%       $ 2.08   

New investors

     6,660,000         20.0             73,260,000         56.8             11.00   
  

 

 

    

Total

     33,366,250         100.0%       $ 128,876,000         100.0%      

 

 

The foregoing tables and calculations exclude 2,375,000 ordinary shares reserved for issuance under our equity incentive plan. We granted to our key employees, including our executive officers, options to purchase 1,461,442 ordinary shares immediately following the pricing of this offering with an exercise price equal to the initial public offering price. Since these options were granted with an exercise price equal to the initial public offering price, there will be no further dilution to investors in this offering upon their exercise. If we issue additional shares pursuant to the underwriters’ exercise of their over-allotment option, we will further adjust the amount so that it represents 4.38% of our ordinary shares outstanding following the exercise of the over-allotment option.

If the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full the pro forma consolidated net tangible book value after this offering would be $3.54 per share, and the dilution in pro forma consolidated net tangible book value per share to investors in this offering would be $7.46 per share.

 

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Selected consolidated financial and other data

The following table sets forth our selected consolidated financial and other data. You should read the following selected consolidated financial and other data in conjunction with “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. Historical results are not indicative of the results to be expected in the future. Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or U.S. GAAP.

The consolidated statements of income data for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2011 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2011 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. The consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements that are not included in this prospectus.

Our functional currency is the New Israeli Shekel (NIS); however, our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. As a result, our financial statements have been translated into U.S. dollars using the current rate method. Under the current rate method, assets and liabilities are translated using the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the fiscal year or other applicable period. Equity accounts are translated using the historical exchange rate at the relevant transaction date. All other balance sheet accounts are translated using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Gains and losses resulting from the translation of financial statements are presented as part of shareholders’ equity.

 

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     Year Ended December 31,  
(in thousands of dollars, except
dividends declared and per share data)
  2007     2008     2009     2010     2011  

 

 

Consolidated Income Statement Data:

         

Revenues

  $ 130,816      $ 169,203      $ 162,634      $ 198,791      $ 259,671   

Cost of revenues

    94,998        121,325        108,853        120,503        155,377   
 

 

 

 

Gross profit

    35,818        47,878        53,781        78,288        104,294   

Operating expenses:

         

Research and development, net(1)

    956        2,147        1,964        2,273        2,487   

Marketing and selling

    7,279        12,934        12,960        16,048        34,043   

General and administrative

    8,267        14,816        18,729        20,896        30,018   
 

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

    16,502        29,897        33,653        39,217        66,548   
 

 

 

 

Operating income

    19,316        17,981        20,128        39,071        37,746   

Finance expenses, net

    2,710        6,206        8,693        2,370        4,775   
 

 

 

 

Income before taxes on income

    16,606        11,775        11,435        36,701        32,971   

Taxes on income

    1,948        453        3,752        7,399        3,600   
 

 

 

 

Income after taxes on income

    14,658        11,322        7,683        29,302        29,371   

Equity in losses of affiliate, net(2)

    1,739        3,554        293        296        67   
 

 

 

 

Net income

  $ 12,919      $ 7,768      $ 7,390      $ 29,006      $ 29,304   
 

 

 

 

Net income attributable to
non-controlling interest

                         348        252   
 

 

 

 

Net income attributable to controlling interest

  $ 12,919      $ 7,768      $ 7,390      $ 28,658      $ 29,052   

Dividend attributable to preferred shareholders

    (3,073     (1,837     (2,337     (8,312     (8,376
 

 

 

 

Net income attributable to the Company’s ordinary shareholders

  $ 9,846      $ 5,931      $ 5,053      $ 20,346      $ 20,676   
 

 

 

 

Basic and diluted net income per ordinary share

  $ 0.50      $ 0.30      $ 0.26      $ 1.04      $ 1.06   
 

 

 

 

Weighted average number of shares used in computing basic and diluted income per ordinary share

    19,565        19,565        19,565        19,565        19,565   
 

 

 

 

Dividends declared per share:

         

Shekels

  NIS 0.41      NIS      NIS 1.42      NIS 2.32      NIS 0.50   

Dollars

  $ 0.10      $      $ 0.38      $ 0.65      $ 0.14   

 

 

 

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    Actual     Pro
Forma
(3)
    Pro
Forma As
Adjusted
(4)
 

 

 
     As of December 31,  
    2007     2008     2009     2010           2011  

 

 

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

             

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 535      $ 2,990      $ 20,527      $ 43,737      $ 11,950      $        42,531   

Working capital(5)

    (1,416     22,411        35,885        40,201        28,592        2,192        66,006   

Total assets

    150,282        187,426        193,444        236,403        246,317        234,367        275,552   

Total debt

    42,698        64,923        44,330        40,049        23,632        38,082        23,632   

Total liabilities

    82,420        110,099        99,025        115,450        103,661        118,111        95,482   

Redeemable
non-controlling interest

                         5,662        6,205        6,205        6,205   

Shareholders’ equity

    67,862        77,327        94,419        115,291        136,451        110,051        173,865   

 

 

 

      Year Ended December 31,  
(in thousands)    2007     2008     2009     2010     2011  

 

 

Consolidated Cash Flow Data:

          

Net cash provided by operating activities

   $ 9,346      $ 27,221      $ 42,066      $ 46,649      $ 28,224   

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

     (40,530     (52,845     635        (5,920     (27,367

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

     22,103        27,007        (26,970     (20,969     (31,833

Other Financial Data:

          

Adjusted EBITDA(6)

   $ 24,053      $ 27,353      $ 34,397      $ 50,489      $ 58,774   

Adjusted net income(6)

     12,006        6,760        16,013        29,763        34,765   

Capital expenditures

     33,024        10,079        4,765        5,486        8,785   

Depreciation and amortization

     4,737        9,235        9,497        10,034        14,615   

 

 

 

(1)   Research and development expenses are presented net of grants that we receive from the Office of the Chief Scientist of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the State of Israel.

 

(2)   Reflects our proportionate share of the net loss of our U.S. distributor, Caesarstone USA, in which we acquired a 25% equity interest on January 29, 2007. We accounted for our investment using the equity method. In 2008, we recorded an impairment loss of $3.7 million with respect to this investment. In 2011, the amount represents a loss through May 18, 2011, the date on which we acquired the remaining 75% equity interest in Caesarstone USA and began to consolidate its results of operations.

 

(3)   Pro forma gives effect to the payment of a special dividend to our existing shareholders of $25.6 million immediately following the closing of this offering and an additional dividend to our preferred shareholders of $0.8 million that we intend to pay prior to the closing of this offering.

 

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(4)   Pro forma as adjusted additionally gives effect to (i) our receipt of the net proceeds from the sale by us of 6,660,000 ordinary shares in this offering at the initial public offering price of $11.00 per share, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, and the application of such proceeds as described in “Use of proceeds,” (ii) the payment of $1.3 million to our Chief Executive Officer in connection with the automatic exercise upon the closing of this offering of his right to receive payment with respect to the increase in value of 175,000 of our shares granted to him in January 2009 based on the increase in value of our company at the date of this offering (see “Management—Equity incentive plan—Grant of stock options to chief executive officer”) and (iii) the payment of $1.7 million to certain of our employees and $0.25 million to our Chairman for their contribution to our success. Pro forma as adjusted does not reflect the receipt of $11.4 million from Kibbutz Sdot-Yam in connection with the anticipated sale and leaseback of our facilities in the Bar-Lev Industrial Park, which we expect to occur following the closing of this offering subject to receipt of approvals from certain Israeli governmental authorities (see “Certain relationships and related party transactions—Relationship and agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam—Land purchase agreement and leaseback”). The adjustments to our as adjusted cash and cash equivalents are calculated as follows (in thousands):

 

Net Proceeds:

        

Gross company proceeds

   $ 73,260   

Less underwriting discounts and commissions

     4,762   

Less estimated offering expenses(a)

     1,754   
  

 

 

 
   $ 66,744   

Use of Proceeds:

  

Less dividend to existing shareholders

   $ 26,400   

Less payment to Caesarstone USA for the remaining balance of the acquisition price(b)

     6,500   
  

 

 

 
   $ 33,844   

Additional Reductions in Cash and Cash Equivalents:

  

Less payment to the Chief Executive Officer in connection with the increase in value of 175,000 of the Company’s shares granted to him in January 2009(c)

   $ 1,313   

Less payment of bonus to our employees and our former Chairman

     1,950   
  

 

 

 
   $ 30,581   

 

  

 

 

 

 

  (a)   While offering expenses are estimated to total $3,100, $1,346 of such expenses were pre-paid through December 31 2011.
  (b)   $6,242 of the payment to Caesarstone USA for the remaining balance of the acquisition price was accrued in our accounts payable balance as of December 31, 2011.
  (c)   $1,937 of the payment to our Chief Executive Officer was accrued in our accounts payable balance as of December 31, 2011.

 

 

(5)   Working capital is defined as total current assets minus total current liabilities.

 

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(6)   The following tables reconcile net income to adjusted EBITDA and net income attributable to controlling interest to adjusted net income for the periods presented and are unaudited:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
(in thousands)   2007      2008      2009      2010      2011  

 

 

Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA:

             

Net income

  $ 12,919       $ 7,768       $ 7,390       $ 29,006       $ 29,304   

Finance expenses, net

    2,710         6,206         8,693         2,370         4,775   

Taxes on income

    1,948         453         3,752         7,399         3,600   

Depreciation and amortization

    4,737         9,235         9,497         10,034         14,615   

Equity in losses of affiliate, net(a).

    1,739         3,554         293         296         67   

Excess cost of acquired inventory(b) .

                                    4,021   

Litigation gain(c).

                                    (1,783

Microgil loan and inventory write down(d)

                                    2,916   

Share-based compensation expense(e).

            137         4,772         1,384         1,259   
 

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA

  $ 24,053       $ 27,353       $ 34,397       $ 50,489       $ 58,774   

 

 

 

  (a)   Consists of our portion of the results of operations of Caesarstone USA prior to its acquisition by us in May 2011.

 

  (b)   Consists of the difference between the higher carrying cost of Caesarstone USA’s inventory at the time of acquisition and the standard cost of our inventory, which adversely impacts our gross margins until such inventory is sold. The majority of the acquired inventory was sold in 2011.

 

  (c)   Consists of a mediation award in our favor pursuant to two trademark infringement cases brought by Caesarstone Australia Pty Limited.

 

  (d)   Relates to our writing down to zero the cost of inventory provided to Microgil, our former third-party quartz processor in Israel, in 2011 in the amount of $1.8 million and our writing down to zero our $1.1 million loan to Microgil, in each case, in connection with a dispute. See “Business—Legal proceedings.”

 

  (e)   Share-based compensation consists primarily of changes in the value of share-based rights granted in January 2009 to our Chief Executive Officer, as well as changes in the value of share-based rights granted in March 2008 to the former chief executive officer of Caesarstone Australia Pty Limited.

 

      Year Ended December 31,  
(in thousands)    2007     2008     2009      2010      2011  

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Controlling Interest to Adjusted Net Income:

            

Net income attributable to controlling interest

   $ 12,919      $ 7,768      $ 7,390       $ 28,658       $ 29,052   

Tene option revaluation(a)

     (1,034     (1,185     8,062                   

Excess cost of acquired inventory(b)

                                   4,021   

Litigation gain(c).

                                   (1,783

Microgil loan and inventory write
down(d)

                                   2,916   

Share-based compensation expense(e)

            137        4,772         1,384         1,259   
  

 

 

 

Total adjustments before tax

     (1,034     (1,048     12,834         1,384         6,413   

Less tax on above adjustments(f)

     (121     (40     4,211         279         700   
  

 

 

 

Total adjustments after tax

     (913     (1,008     8,623         1,105         5,713   
  

 

 

 

Adjusted Net Income

   $ 12,006      $ 6,760      $ 16,013       $ 29,763       $ 34,765   

 

 

 

  (a)   Represents the change in the fair value of an option to purchase preferred shares representing 5% of our share capital that we granted to Tene in December 2006. See “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations—Application of critical accounting policies and estimates—Fair value measurements.”

 

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  (b)   Consists of the difference between the higher carrying cost of Caesarstone USA’s inventory at the time of acquisition and the standard cost of our inventory, which adversely impacts our gross margins until such inventory is sold. The majority of the acquired inventory was sold in 2011.

 

  (c)   Consists of a mediation award in our favor pursuant to two trademark infringement cases brought by Caesarstone Australia Pty Limited.

 

  (d)   Relates to our writing down to zero the cost of inventory provided to Microgil, our former third-party quartz processor in Israel, in 2011 in the amount of $1.8 million and our writing down to zero our $1.1 million loan to Microgil, in each case, in connection with a dispute. See “Business—Legal proceedings.”

 

  (e)   Share-based compensation consists primarily of changes in the value of share-based rights granted in January 2009 to our Chief Executive Officer, as well as changes in the value of share-based rights granted in March 2008 to the former chief executive officer of Caesarstone Australia Pty Limited.

 

  (f)   Tax adjustments reflect the increase in taxes on income that would have been reflected in our consolidated income statement for the applicable period if the adjustments set forth in the table were not applied in computing net income. The tax effect is based on effective tax rate for each relevant year.

 

         Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income are metrics used by management to measure operating performance. Adjusted EBITDA represents net income excluding finance expenses, net, taxes on income, depreciation and amortization, equity in losses of affiliate, net, share-based compensation expenses and other unusual income or expenses. Adjusted net income represents net income attributable to controlling interest excluding share-based compensation expenses and other unusual income or expenses, plus adjustment for the related tax impact. We present adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental performance measure because we believe it facilitates operating performance comparisons from period to period and company to company by backing out potential differences caused by variations in capital structures (affecting interest expenses, net), changes in foreign exchange rates that impact financial asset and liabilities denominated in currencies other than our functional currency (affecting finance expenses, net), non-cash impairment charges related to our investment in our U.S. distributor, tax positions (such as the impact on periods or companies of changes in effective tax rates) and the age and book depreciation of fixed assets (affecting relative depreciation expense). Adjusted EBITDA also excludes equity in losses of affiliate, net, because we believe it is helpful to view the performance of our business excluding the impact of our U.S. distributor, which we did not control, and because our share of the net income (loss) of the U.S. distributor includes items that have other been excluded from adjusted EBITDA (such as finance expenses, net, tax on income and depreciation and amortization). In addition, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income exclude the non-cash impact of share-based compensation and a number of unusual items that we do not believe reflect the underlying performance of our business. Because adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income facilitate internal comparisons of operating performance on a more consistent basis, we also use adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income in measuring our performance relative to that of our competitors. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net Income are not measures of our financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to net income, operating income or any other performance measures derived in accordance with GAAP or as alternatives to cash flow from operating activities as measures of our profitability or liquidity. We understand that although adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income are frequently used by securities analysts, lenders and others in their evaluation of companies, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income have limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider them in isolation, or as substitutes for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

 

   

adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income do not reflect our cash expenditures or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;

 

   

adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;

 

   

although depreciation is a non-cash charge, the assets being depreciated will often have to be replaced in the future, and adjusted EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements; and

 

   

other companies in our industry may calculate adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income differently than we do, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.

 

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Management’s discussion and analysis of

financial condition and results of operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Actual results and the timing of events may differ significantly from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those set forth in the section entitled “Risk factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. You should read the following discussion in conjunction with “Special note regarding forward-looking statements” and “Risk factors.”

Company overview

We are a leading manufacturer of high quality engineered quartz surfaces sold under our premium Caesarstone brand. The substantial majority of our quartz surfaces are used as countertops in residential kitchens and sold primarily into the renovation and remodeling end markets. Other applications for our products include vanity tops, wall panels, back splashes, floor tiles, stairs and other interior surfaces that are used in a variety of residential and commercial applications.

Founded in 1987, Caesarstone is a pioneer in the engineered quartz surface industry. We have grown to become the largest provider of quartz surfaces in Australia, Canada, Israel, France and South Africa, and have significant market share in the United States and Singapore. Our products accounted for approximately 13% of global engineered quartz by volume in 2010. Our sales in Australia, the United States and Israel, our three largest markets, accounted for 34.0%, 23.0% and 14.9% of our revenues in 2011, respectively. We believe that our revenues will continue to be highly concentrated among a relatively small number of geographic regions for the foreseeable future.

We have direct sales channels in Australia, the United States Israel, Canada and Singapore. In Australia, we distribute directly to stonemasons and fabricators, and in January 2012, we expanded our direct distribution to Southern and Western Australia thereby expanding our direct distribution to all of Australia. Since acquiring our U.S. distributor in May 2011, we now generate the substantial majority of our revenues in the United States from direct distribution of our products, including in the Mid-Atlantic where we commenced direct distribution in January 2012. In Israel, we distribute our products directly to several local distributors who in turn sell to fabricators. In October 2010, we began selling our products in Eastern Canada through a joint venture in which we hold a 55% interest. We commenced selling our products through the joint venture in Western Canada in May 2011. In October 2011, following the acquisition of our former Singaporean distributor’s business, we began selling our products directly in Singapore. In our remaining markets, we distribute our products through third-party distributors. In each of these indirect markets, fabricators typically sell our products to end consumers, contractors, developers and builders who are generally advised by architects and designers regarding the use of our products. Our strategy is to generate demand from all groups in our product supply chain.

Despite the global economic downturn that began in 2008 and continues to impact European and U.S. economies today, we experienced annual compound revenue growth of 11.5% from 2007 to 2009 and 26.2% from 2009 to 2011. From 2007 to 2011, our gross profit margins improved from 27.4% to 40.2%, adjusted EBITDA margins increased from 18.4% to 22.6%, and adjusted net income increased from 9.2% to 13.4% over the same period. We attribute this sales

 

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and margin growth to the acquisition of the business of our former Australian and U.S. distributors, our transition to direct distribution in Canada our penetration of new markets, increased operational efficiencies and a change in product mix.

Our strategy is to continue to be a global market leader in quartz surface products. We continue to invest in developing our premium brand worldwide. We intend to continue to expand our sales network by further penetrating our existing markets as well as entering new markets. We believe that a significant portion of our future growth will come from continued penetration of our U.S., Australian and Canadian markets. We believe our expansion into new markets that exhibit an existing demand for stone products and stone installation capabilities will contribute to our future growth in the long term. We believe there will be consolidation in the quartz surface industry in the future and to remain competitive in the long term, we will need to grow our business both organically and through the acquisition of third-party distributors, manufacturers and/or raw material suppliers.

Our functional currency is the New Israeli Shekel (NIS); however, our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. The financial data presented in the following discussion has been translated into U.S. dollars using the method of conversion used to translate our financial statements, the current rate method, see “Selected consolidated financial and other data” and “Prospectus summary—Summary consolidated financial and other data.”

Factors impacting our results of operations

We consider the following factors to be important in analyzing our results of operations:

 

 

Our sales are impacted by home renovation and remodeling and new residential, and to a lesser extent, commercial and construction spending trends. Spending in each of these sectors declined significantly in 2009 compared to 2008 in most of the markets in which we operate and, in 2010 and 2011, many of these markets, including the United States and Europe, did not recover or recovered only to a small degree. Spending in our three largest markets, Australia, the United States and Israel, depends significantly on consumer credit availability, as well as other factors such as general economic conditions. Despite prevailing weak economic conditions, we experienced compound annual revenue growth of 18.7% between 2007 and 2011 through increased penetration of quartz in kitchen countertop applications, market share gains in some of our key markets and an increase in average selling prices associated with our establishment of new direct distribution channels. Direct sales accounted for 59.4% of our total sales in 2010 and 86.8% of total sales in the second half of 2011, after our shift to direct distribution in the United States and Western Canada. In 2010, our revenue increased in all regions, except the United States, and sales in Australia increased by 31% from 2009 largely as a result of the Australian government housing stimulus packages. In 2011, our revenue increased in all regions, except Europe due to ongoing macroeconomic challenges in this region, with significant growth in sales in the United States and Canada where we increased the volume and average selling prices of our products due to our transition to direct distribution in these countries.

 

 

Our gross profit margins have improved significantly over recent years, increasing from 33.1% in 2009 to 40.2% in 2011. The primary reason for these gross profit margin improvements is our transition to direct distribution in Canada in October 2010 and in the United States in May 2011, which enabled us to retain the full margin on our sales in these markets. Product quality

 

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improvements, resulting in higher average selling prices for our products, general operational cost reduction strategies and favorable volume impact, which lowered costs per unit on fixed and semi-variable costs of goods sold, also contributed to the improvement.

Our gross profit margins have recently experienced pressure due to significant increases in raw material costs, particularly polyester and polymer resin and pigment costs. During 2010, our average cost of polyester increased by 11% compared to 2009, and in 2011, our average cost of polyester increased by 18% compared to 2010. In addition, the price of titanium dioxide, our principal white pigmentation agent, increased by 38% during 2010. Such increases began to impact our margins in 2011. In 2011, titanium dioxide prices increased an additional 42%.

 

 

Our operating income margins were 14.8% in 2007, 10.6% in 2008, 12.4% in 2009, 19.7% in 2010 and 14.5% in 2011. Lower operating income margins in 2008 and 2009 compared to 2007 resulted from increased initial operating costs incurred in 2008 and 2009 in connection with the acquisition of our Australian distributor. The significant improvement in our operating income margins in 2010 compared to 2009 is primarily attributable to improved gross profit margins during this period combined with positive volume impact relative to operating costs. Lower operating income margin in 2011 compared to in 2010 resulted primarily from an increase in operating expenses related to our direct distribution in the United States and Canada, increased marketing expenses associated with brand-building investments, raw material cost increases and higher inventory carrying costs in the amount of $4.0 million in connection with our acquisition of Caesarstone USA. In 2012, we anticipate that our operating expenses will increase due to our direct distribution in the United States. If raw material prices remain at current price levels, we expect that our direct distribution in the United States and volume increases, if any, will improve gross profit margins and may reduce the impact of increased operating expenses. In the long-term, revenue growth, stable raw material costs, additional cost reduction measures and improved manufacturing efficiencies should result in improved operating income margins.

 

 

In 2005, we commenced operations with a third manufacturing line at a new manufacturing facility in the Bar-Lev Industrial Park in northern Israel. We subsequently established a fourth production line in 2007 with the addition of a second line at our Bar-Lev plant. Based on our current projections, we expect that we will need additional production lines in the future to meet growing customer demand. We anticipate that we will invest in an additional production line in approximately one or two years, which will require an investment of approximately $30 million. Alternatively, we may choose to expand our production capacity by other means, including an acquisition, in which case the funds required may be greater or less.

 

 

Commencing in 2010, and to a greater extent in 2011, as an increasing portion of our revenues began to be sold through direct channels, our revenues and results of operations have started to exhibit some quarterly fluctuations as a result of seasonal influences which impact construction and renovation cycles. Due to the fact that certain of our operating costs are fixed, the impact on our adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income and net income of a change in revenues is magnified. We believe that the third quarter tends to exhibit higher sales volumes than other quarters because demand for quartz surface products is generally higher during the summer months in the northern hemisphere with the effort to complete new construction and renovation projects before the new school year. Conversely, the first quarter is impacted by the winter slowdown in the northern hemisphere in the construction industry and depending on the date of the spring holiday in Israel in a particular year, the first or second quarter is

 

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impacted by a reduction in sales in Israel due to such holiday. Similarly, sales in Australia during the first quarter are negatively impacted by fewer construction and renovation projects. The fourth quarter is susceptible to being impacted from the onset of winter in the northern hemisphere.

 

 

We conduct business in multiple countries in North America, South America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Australia and the Middle East and as a result, we are exposed to risks associated with fluctuations in currency exchange rates between the NIS, the U.S. dollar and certain other currencies in which we conduct business. A significant portion of our revenues is generated in Australian dollars and U.S. dollars with the balance denominated in Euros, NIS and Canadian dollars. In 2011, 34.0% of our revenues were denominated in Australian dollars, 24.7% in U.S. dollars, 15.0% in Euros, 14.8% in NIS and 11.4% in Canadian dollars. As a result, devaluations of the Australian dollar and U.S. dollar relative to the NIS may impact our profitability. Our expenses are largely denominated in NIS, U.S. dollars and Euros, with a smaller portion in the Australian dollars and Canadian dollars. We attempt to limit our exposure to foreign currency fluctuations through forward contracts, which are not designated as hedging accounting instruments under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (originally issued as SFAS 133). As of December 31, 2011, we had outstanding contracts with a notional amount of $86.6 million. These transactions were for a period of up to 12 months. The fair value of these foreign currency derivative contracts was ($3.2) million, which is included in current liabilities, at December 31, 2011.

Impact of acquisition of Caesarstone USA

In May 2011, we acquired the remaining 75% equity interest in our U.S. distributor, Caesarstone USA, formerly known as U.S. Quartz Products, Inc., in which we had acquired a 25% equity interest in January 2007. Since our acquisition of that interest in January 2007, we have accounted for our interest in Caesarstone USA on an equity basis. See”—Components of statements of income—Equity in losses of affiliate, net.” The following table sets forth summary historical results of operations of Caesarstone USA on a standalone basis:

 

      Year ended December 31,      Three months ended
March 31,
 
(in thousands)    2008      2009      2010              2010(2)              2011(2)  

 

 

Revenues

   $ 72,225       $ 58,217       $ 65,331       $ 14,635       $ 15,361   

Gross profit(1)

     29,973         25,589         29,508         6,667         7,159   

Net income

     2,103         859         1,493         187         190   

 

 

 

(1)   Gross profit does not include the costs associated with Caesarstone USA’s warehouse operations which were classified in operating costs by Caesarstone USA. Beginning May 18, 2011, Caesarstone USA was fully consolidated into our financial statements and such costs were reclassified as a cost of revenues. Giving effect to such reclassification for Caesarstone USA’s historical results of operations, gross profit would have been reduced by $3.4 million, $2.9 million, $3.6 million, $0.8 million and $1.0 million in 2008, 2009, 2010 and the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2011, respectively. The reclassification has no impact on net income.

 

(2)   We completed the acquisition of Caesarstone USA on May 18, 2011. As a result, the last completed quarter for Caesarstone USA for which separate financial data is available is the quarter ended March 31, 2011.

Caesarstone USA’s results are impacted significantly by changes in sales volumes due to a high level of fixed operating costs. As a result, its historical results of operations have fluctuated significantly. In 2008, increased penetration of quartz surfaces generally in the United States and of our products within that market resulted in higher sales volumes and positive net income. In 2009, the global economic downturn impacted sales significantly resulting in a decrease in revenues and in net income. In 2010, revenue grew by 12% with volume growing by 5% during

 

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the same period as Caesarstone USA increased its average selling prices and expanded its direct distribution, with sub-distributors accounting for 20% of total Caesarstone USA revenue in 2010. Despite these fluctuations in annual results, Caesarstone USA, prior to the May 2011 acquisition, increased its gross profit margins each year as it has expanded its U.S. presence and shifted most of its sales from distributors to direct channels. That strategy also helped to increase Caesarstone USA’s market share.

We believe that the acquisition of Caesarstone USA and the shift to direct sales in the United States will increase our average selling prices significantly and favorably impact our revenue and gross margins as we retain the full margin on our sales in this market. The acquisition will also increase our operating expenses significantly as we add the cost of Caesarstone USA’s operations to our cost structure. In the future, we believe that the acquisition will positively impact our operating profit and net income although our operating profit margins may decrease slightly due to higher revenue. In 2011, however, the acquisition of Caesarstone USA’s impact on our operating profit and net income was less favorable mainly due to Caesarstone USA’s inventory held upon its acquisition having a higher carrying cost than our inventory. As a result, we recognized lower gross margins relative to future sales by Caesarstone USA during 2011 when the majority of this inventory was sold.

Components of statements of income

Revenues

We derive our revenues from sales of quartz surfaces to fabricators in our direct markets and third-party distributors in our indirect markets. In Australia, Eastern Canada (as of October 2010), Western Canada (as of May 2011), the United States (as of May 2011) and Singapore (as of October 2011) the initial purchasers of our products are stonemasons and fabricators. Direct sales accounted for 59.4% of our total sales for the year ended December 31, 2010 and 86.8% of our total sales in the second half of 2011, after our shift to direct distribution in the United States and Western Canada. In Israel, the initial purchasers are local distributors who in turn sell to fabricators. In Australia and the United States, we also sell our products to a small number of sub-distributors. We consider Israel to be a direct market due to the warranty we provide to end-consumers, our local fabricator technical instruction programs and our robust local sales and marketing activities. The initial purchasers of our products in our other markets are our third-party distributors who in turn sell to sub-distributors and fabricators.

We recognize revenues upon sales to an initial purchaser when persuasive evidence of an agreement exists, delivery of the product has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable and collection is probable. Delivery occurs when title is transferred under the applicable international commerce terms, or Incoterms, to the purchaser. In general, we do not grant rights of return, except for customers in Australia to whom we grant a right of return for a limited period of time. We do not maintain a provision for such product returns, as historical returns have been immaterial, and we do not anticipate any material returns in the future.

The warranties that we provide vary by market. In our indirect markets, we provide all of our distributors with a limited direct manufacturing defect warranty. In all of our indirect markets, distributors are responsible for providing warranty coverage to end-customers. In Australia, Canada, the United States and Singapore, we provide end-consumers with a limited warranty on our products for interior countertop applications. In Israel, we typically provide end-consumers

 

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with a direct limited manufacturing defect warranty on our products. Based on historical experience, warranty issues are generally identified within one and a half years after the shipment of the product and a significant portion of defects are identified before installation. We record a reserve on account of possible warranty claims, which increases our cost of revenues. Historically, warranty claims have been low, accounting for approximately 0.1% of our total goods sold in 2011.

The following table sets forth the geographic breakdown of our revenues during the periods indicated:

 

      Year ended December 31,  
     2009      2010      2011  

 

 
                      

Australia

     38.7%         41.4%         34.0%   

United States

     19.3         15.6         23.0   

Israel

     17.3         15.9         14.9   

Europe

     11.9         12.1         8.8   

Canada

     7.0         6.9         11.4   

Rest of World

     5.9         8.1         7.9   
  

 

 

 

Total

     100.0%         100.0%         100.0%   

 

 

We were able to increase our revenue from Australia between 2009 and 2011 by 40.3% as a result of general growth in the demand for quartz countertops and increased market share. Revenues in the United States remained stable at $31.0 million in 2009 and 2010 when we sold our products to our now former U.S. third-party distributor. Revenues in the United States increased by 93.2% in 2011 due to our transition to direct distribution in May 2011, which resulted in an increase of 9.8% in sales volume and a significant increase in average selling prices. In Canada, from 2009 to 2011, the housing market remained relatively strong and quartz’s penetration of the countertop industry grew. We increased our revenue by 20.6% from 2009 to 2010 and by 117.3% from 2010 to 2011 in Canada after our transition to direct distribution in this market. Our shift to direct distribution in Canada resulted in an increase in sales volume of 25.3% from 2010 to 2011 and an increase in average selling prices. Our revenues in Europe in 2010 and 2011 have declined significantly compared to 2007 and 2008 and have not recovered due to challenging macroeconomic conditions in Europe. The European markets, in particular, and the U.S. markets to a lesser extent, continued to face challenging conditions through 2011. The rate of revenue growth in Israel is less than other regions due to the significant penetration of quartz in Israel and our large market share. Rest of world revenues increased period over period due to our expansion into new markets between 2008 and 2011. As we expand our operations, part of our strategy is to increase the percentage of revenue contributed by the United States and Canada and reduce our historical dependence on the Australian and Israeli markets.

We do not have any customers that account for more than 5% of our revenues after the acquisition of now former U.S. distributor, Caesarstone USA, which accounted for 100% of our sales in the United States and 15.6% of our overall sales in 2010. We acquired the remaining 75% ownership interest in our U.S. distributor in May 2011. Sales to our former U.S. distributor, prior to its acquisition in May 2011, accounted for 5.0% of our revenue in 2011.

Some of our initial engagements with distributors are pursuant to a memorandum of understanding granting that distributor one year of exclusivity in consideration for meeting

 

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minimum sales targets. After the initial one-year period, we may enter into a distribution agreement for a three- to five-year period. However, in the majority of cases, we continue to operate on the basis of the memorandum of understanding or without an operative agreement. Some distributors operate on nonexclusive terms of sale agreements or entirely without agreements. In all cases, we only supply our products to distributors upon the receipt of a purchase order from the distributor.

Cost of revenues and gross profit margin

Approximately 50% of our cost of revenues is raw material costs. Our principal raw materials are quartz, polyester and other polymer resins and pigments. In 2011, quartz and polyester and polymer resins jointly accounted for approximately 75% of our total raw material cost, with quartz accounting for approximately one-third of our total raw material cost. The balance of our cost of revenues consists primarily of manufacturing costs and related overhead. Cost of revenues in our direct distribution channels also includes the cost of delivery from our manufacturing facilities to our warehouses, warehouse operational costs, as well as additional delivery costs associated with the shipment of our products to customer sites in certain markets. In the case of our indirect distribution channels, our distributors bear the cost of delivery from our manufacturing facilities to their warehouses.

One of our principal raw materials, quartz, is acquired from quartz manufacturers primarily in Turkey, India, Portugal and Israel. We typically transact business with our quartz suppliers on a purchase order basis. Our products incorporate a number of types of quartz, including quartzite. One supplier in Turkey, Mikroman, supplies approximately 76% of our quartzite. Mikroman has committed to supply us at agreed upon prices through the end of 2012 and, thereafter, at prices that will be agreed upon based on then effective market prices through the end of 2014. We typically transact business with our other suppliers also on a purchase order basis. Prior to the manufacturing process, boulder quartz and processed crushed quartz must be processed into finer grades of fractions, granules and powder. Until January 2012, we received quartz processing services from our quartz suppliers and from Microgil, a third-party processor in Israel, although our quartz suppliers now exclusively perform this service for us.

We purchase polyester and other polymer resins based on monthly and up to quarterly purchase orders with several suppliers outside of Israel. Given the significance of polyester and other polymer resins costs relative to our total raw material expenditures, our cost of sales and overall results of operations are impacted significantly by fluctuations in their price, which generally correlates with oil prices and has fluctuated significantly over the past two years. If the price of polyester and other polymer resins was to rise by 10%, and we were not able to pass along any of such increase to our customers or achieve other offsetting savings, we would realize a decrease of approximately 1.3% in our gross profit margins. We have found that increases in prices are difficult to pass on to our customers. The price of these resins has risen significantly from December 2009 through April 2011, although prices have subsequently declined moderately.

The gross profit margins on sales in our direct markets are generally higher than in our indirect markets in which we use third-party distributors, due to the elimination of the third-party distributor’s margin. In many markets, our expansion strategy is to work with third-party distributors who we believe will be able to increase sales more rapidly in their market than if we distributed our products directly. However, in several markets we distribute directly, including Australia, the United States and Canada. In the future, we intend to evaluate other potential markets to distribute directly.

 

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Research and development, net

Our research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and related personnel costs, as well as costs for subcontractor services and costs of materials consumed in connection with the design and development of our products. We expense all of our research and development costs as incurred. Our research and development expenses are partially offset by financing through grants from the Office of the Chief Scientist of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the State of Israel (the “OCS”). We recognize such participation grants at the time at which we are entitled to such grants on the basis of the costs incurred and include these grants as a deduction from research and development expenses.

The Israeli law under which OCS grants are made requires royalty payments and limits our ability to manufacture products, or transfer technologies developed using these grants outside of Israel. Based on statements by the OCS, we believe that our development project operated under the OCS funding will be exempted from any royalty payment obligation. If we were to seek approval to manufacture products, or transfer technologies developed using these grants, outside of Israel, we could be subject to additional royalty requirements or be required to pay certain redemption fees. If we were to violate these restrictions, we could be required to refund any grants previously received, together with interest and penalties, and may be subject to criminal charges. Our development project operated under the OCS funding arrangement began in August 2009. We recognized OCS funding of $0.1 million in 2009 and $0.2 million in each of 2010 and 2011.

Marketing and selling

Marketing and selling expenses consist primarily of compensation and associated costs for personnel engaged in sales, marketing, distribution, customer service and advertising and promotional expenses. As we intend to invest in increasing our penetration of our existing and new markets, particularly our existing U.S. and Canadian markets, we expect marketing and selling expenses in general, and advertising expenses in particular, to increase in both absolute and percentage terms in the short term as we increase the number of sales and marketing professionals and expand our marketing activities, but to remain constant or decrease as a percentage of revenues in the long term.

General and administrative

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and associated costs for personnel engaged in finance, human resources and administrative activities, as well as legal and accounting fees. General and administrative expenses also include management fees paid to Kibbutz Sdot-Yam in the amount of $1.8 million in 2009, $3.4 million in 2010 and $3.1 million in 2011 and to Tene Investment Funds in the amount of $0.4 million in 2009 and $0.9 million in each of 2010 and 2011. The management service agreement with Tene and the Kibbutz Sdot-Yam will expire upon closing of this offering. As described below, effective upon the closing of this offering, certain of our other agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam will be terminated and a new set of agreements will become effective. See “—Other factors impacting our results of operations—Agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam” and “Certain relationships and related party transactions.”

We expect our general and administrative expenses to increase in absolute dollars as we establish new subsidiaries in additional markets, hire additional personnel, adopt an employee stock option plan and incur additional costs related to the growth of our business, as well as the costs associated with being a public company, including compliance under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and rules implemented by the SEC and the Nasdaq Stock Market and director and officer liability insurance.

 

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Finance expenses, net

Finance expenses, net, consist primarily of borrowing costs, losses on derivative instruments and exchange rate differences arising from changes in the value of monetary assets and monetary liabilities stated in currencies other than the functional currency of each entity. These expenses are partially offset by interest income on our cash balances and gains on derivative instruments. We expect financial income to increase as we invest the proceeds of this offering in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities pending their application to grow our business assuming limited exchange rate fluctuations. During 2007 through the end of 2009, we recorded finance income and expenses associated with fluctuations of the fair market value of Tene’s call option granted pursuant to an investment agreement between Tene and us executed in December 2006. The finance income recorded was $1.0 million and $1.2 million in 2007 and 2008, respectively, followed by a charge of $8.1 million in 2009. The option was exercised on December 25, 2009 and will not have an impact on our financial results in the future. See “Certain relationships and related party transactions.”

Corporate taxes

As we operate in a number of countries, our income is subject to taxation in different jurisdictions with a range of tax rates. Our effective tax rate was 32.8% in 2009, 20.2% in 2010 and 10.9% in 2011. Our tax rate in 2009 was significantly higher than other periods due to the exercise by Tene of a call option, which was not deductible under local reporting rules, and an associated $8.1 million finance expense, which resulted in our recognition of a tax charge of $2.1 million.

The standard corporate tax rate for Israeli companies in 2010 was 25% of their taxable income and was reduced to 24% in 2011. It was scheduled to fall to 23% in 2012 and ultimately to 18% by 2016. However, this scheduled gradual reduction in corporate tax rates was repealed with the enactment of the Law for Changing the Tax Burden in Israel in late 2011 and instead the corporate tax rate will increase to 25% in 2012 and thereafter. Our non-Israeli subsidiaries are taxed according to the tax laws in their respective country of organization. Until the end of the 2010 tax year, we operated under two “Approved Enterprise” programs and one “Beneficiary Enterprise” program. Until the end of the 2010 tax year, we were in the operational stage of a program under the alternative track as part of the “Approved Enterprise” program for the facility in Kibbutz Sdot-Yam, which was defined in the Investment Law. This program provided seven consecutive years of tax benefits, of which the first two years are at a zero percent tax rate on taxable income produced by the approved assets, and the remaining five years are at a tax rate of not more than 25% on such taxable income. Given the 2010 standard corporate tax rate of 25%, this program did not provide any tax benefit during the 2010 tax year.

Until the end of the 2010 tax year, we were in the operational stage of another “Approved Enterprise” program under the grants track, as defined in the Investment Law, related to the establishment of our third production line, the first one established at Bar-Lev Industrial Park. This program provided grants of 24% of the investment value in approved assets and seven consecutive years of tax benefits, of which the first two years are at a 0% tax rate on undistributed taxable income produced by the approved assets and the remaining five years are at a tax rate of not more than 25% on such taxable income. Under this and other Israeli legislation, we are entitled to accelerated depreciation and amortization rates for tax purposes on certain of our assets. We have already utilized the grants and tax exemption benefits, and given the new amendment to the Investment Law (“Amendment No. 68”), this program is no longer effective.

 

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Both of our Israeli facilities were under a consolidated “Beneficiary Enterprise” status under the Investment Law prior to Amendment No. 68. This program provided the portion related to the Bar-Lev facility with an exemption from taxable income generated from assets, which were approved under this program for a ten-year period beginning with the first year in which taxable income was generated by these assets. For the portion related to the Kibbutz Sdot-Yam facility, the active program provided two years of tax exemption and five additional years of no more than a 25% tax rate. The exempt income is calculated based on the increase in the Beneficiary Enterprise’s revenues during each benefit year compared with base revenue for each respective program. This tax benefit period expired in 2010 due to Amendment No. 68, which went into effect on January 1, 2011. This exemption is valid only for undistributed earnings and we are subject to additional tax payments upon their distribution as dividends. To the extent we declare a dividend, we do not intend to distribute dividends from earnings related to our Approved/Beneficiary Enterprise programs.

Effective January 1, 2011, both of our Israeli facilities are under a consolidated “Preferred Enterprise” status under the Investment Law as formulated after Amendment No. 68 went into effect. The “Preferred Enterprise” status provides the portion related to the Bar-Lev facility with the potential to be eligible for grants of up to 24% of the investment value in approved assets and a reduced flat corporate tax rate, which applies to the industrial enterprise’s entire preferred income, which will be gradually reduced over a five-year period as follows: 2011-2012—10%, 2013-2014—7%, and 2015 and thereafter—6%. For the portion related to the Kibbutz Sdot-Yam facility, this status provides us with a reduced flat corporate tax rate, which applies to the industrial enterprise’s entire preferred income, which will be gradually reduced over a five-year period as follows: 2011-2012—15%, 2013-2014—12.5%, and 2015 and onwards—12%.

For more information about the tax benefits available to us as an Approved Enterprise or as a Beneficiary Enterprise, see “Taxation and government programs.”

We have entered into a transfer pricing arrangement that establishes transfer prices for our inter-company operations.

Because of our multi-jurisdictional operations, we apply significant judgment to determine our consolidated income tax position. We estimate our effective tax rate for the coming years based on our planned future financial results in existing and new markets and the key factors affecting our tax liability, particularly our transfer pricing policy. Accordingly, we estimate that our effective tax rate will range between 17% and 21% of our income before income tax through 2012, reducing by two to three percent in 2013. In the long-term, we anticipate that our effective tax rate will increase as the portion of our income attributed to subsidiaries grows; however, this will be offset by a reduction in our effective corporate tax rate in Israel as a result of our “Preferred Enterprise” status under the Investment Law described above. We cannot provide any assurance that our plans will be realized and that our assumptions with regard to the key elements affecting tax rates will be accepted by the tax authorities. Therefore, our actual effective tax rate may be higher than our estimate.

Equity in losses of affiliate, net

In January 2007, we acquired a 25% equity interest in our U.S. distributor, Caesarstone USA. We accounted for this investment using the equity method. Consequently, the results of operations of the distributor directly impacted our net income during the period we accounted for this investment using the equity method. In 2008, we recorded an impairment loss of $3.7 million with respect to our investment, which was also reflected in our statements of operations and

 

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adversely impacted our net income for that period. The impairment resulted from the credit crisis and other negative indicators that affected the U.S. market in which the U.S. distributor operates and was based in part on a valuation report that we received from Variance Economic Consulting Ltd. (“Variance”), an independent third-party valuation firm we engaged. We did not record any equity income or losses beginning May 18, 2011 as a result of our acquisition of Caesarstone USA on such date. The results of operations and financial position of Caesarstone USA have been fully consolidated in our financial statements since May 18, 2011.

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest

In October 2010, we closed a transaction for the establishment of a joint venture with our former third-party distributor in Eastern Canada, Canadian Quartz Holdings Inc. (“Ciot”). Ciot acquired a 45% ownership interest in the new subsidiary, Caesarstone Canada Inc., and 45% of Caesarstone Canada Inc.’s net income is attributed to Ciot.

Other factors impacting our results of operations

Payment of compensation and grant of options upon the pricing of this offering

We intend to pay the following amounts: (1) $1.3 million to our Chief Executive Officer in connection with the automatic exercise upon the closing of this offering of his right to receive payment with respect to the increase in value of 175,000 of our shares granted to him in January 2009 based on the increase in value of our company at the date of this offering (see “Management—Equity incentive plan—Grant of stock options to chief executive officer”), and (2) $1.7 million to certain of our employees and $0.25 million to our Chairman for their contribution to our success. These amounts will be recorded as an expense in the quarter during which this offering closes.

In addition, immediately following the pricing of this offering, we granted certain of our key employees, including our executive officers, options to purchase 1,461,442 ordinary shares with an exercise price equal to the initial public offering price. If we issue additional shares pursuant to the underwriters’ exercise of their over-allotment option, we will further adjust the amount so that it represents 4.38% of our ordinary shares outstanding following the exercise of the over-allotment option. After giving effect to the issuance and sale of 6,660,000 ordinary shares in this offering at the initial public offering price of $11.00 per share, we will record share-based compensation expenses related to this grant of $1.3 million in the second quarter of 2012, $2.1 million during the third and fourth quarters of 2012 and $3.9 million over approximately the following three years.

Agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam

We are party to a series of agreements with our largest shareholder, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam, that govern different aspects of our relationship. Pursuant to these agreements, in consideration for using facilities licensed to us or for services provided by Kibbutz Sdot-Yam, we paid to the Kibbutz an aggregate of $8.9 million in 2009, $11.9 million in 2010 and $12.6 million in 2011.

Effective upon the closing of this offering, certain of our current agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam will be terminated and, other than with respect to the current management services agreement, which will not be renewed, a new set of agreements will become effective. The new agreements provide for similar services to those that are currently provided to us by Kibbutz Sdot-Yam, except that following the closing of this offering and subject to the receipt of approvals from certain Israeli governmental authorities as disclosed in “Certain relationships and related party transactions—Relationships and agreements with a Kibbutz Sdot-Yam—Land

 

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purchase agreement and leaseback,” we have agreed that Kibbutz Sdot-Yam will acquire from us our rights in the lands and facilities of the Bar-Lev Industrial Center, (the “Bar-Lev Grounds”) in consideration for NIS 43.7 million ($11.4 million). Assuming the completion of such transfer, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam has agreed to permit us to use the Bar-Lev Grounds for a period of ten years commencing on the closing date of this offering that will be automatically renewed unless we give two years prior notice, for a ten-year term in consideration for an annual fee of NIS 4.1 million ($1.1 million) to be linked to increases in the Israeli consumer price index. See “Certain relationships and related party transactions.”

We expect that the new agreements will result overall in a reduction of approximately $3.1 million in payments to Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and Tene in 2012 compared to 2011 primarily as a result of the elimination of the management fee. We expect operating expenses will be reduced by an additional approximately $1.1 million due to the Bar-Lev sale-leaseback arrangement that will be accounted for as a financing arrangement generating approximately $0.7 million in annual interest expense.

In addition, we have committed to fund the cost of the construction, up to a maximum of NIS 3.3 million ($0.9 million) plus value added tax (VAT), required to change the access road leading to Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and our facilities, such that the entrance to our facilities will be separated from the entrance into Kibbutz Sdot-Yam. The current rate of VAT in Israel is 16%.

Comparison of period to period results of operations

The following table sets forth our results of operations as a percentage of revenues for the periods indicated:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
    2009     2010           2011  
 

 

 

 
(in thousands, except percentages)   Amount     % of
Revenue
    Amount     % of
Revenue
    Amount     % of
Revenue
 

 

 

Revenues

  $ 162,634        100.0%      $ 198,791        100.0%      $ 259,671        100.0%   

Cost of revenues

    108,853        66.9        120,503        60.6        155,377        59.8   

Gross profit

    53,781        33.1        78,288        39.4        104,294        40.2   

Operating expenses:

           

Research and development, net

    1,964        1.2        2,273        1.1        2,487        1.0   

Marketing and selling

    12,960        8.0        16,048        8.1        34,043        13.1   

General and administrative

    18,729        11.5        20,896        10.5        30,018        11.6   
 

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

    33,653        20.7        39,217        19.7        66,548        25.6   
 

 

 

 

Operating income

    20,128        12.4        39,071        19.7        37,746        14.5   

Finance expenses, net

    8,693        5.3        2,370        1.2        4,775        1.8   
 

 

 

 

Income before taxes on income

    11,435        7.0        36,701        18.5        32,971        12.7   

Taxes on income

    3,752        2.3        7,399        3.7        3,600        1.4   
 

 

 

 

Income after taxes on income

    7,683        4.7        29,302        14.7        29,371        11.3   

Equity in losses of affiliate, net

    293          296          67     
 

 

 

 

Net income

  $ 7,390        4.5      $ 29,006        14.6      $ 29,304        11.3   
 

 

 

 

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest

                  348        0.2        252        0.1   

Net income attributable to controlling interest

  $ 7,390        4.5      $ 28,658        14.4      $ 29,052        11.2   

 

 

 

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Year ended December 31, 2011 compared to year ended December 31, 2010

Revenues

Revenues increased by $60.9 million, or 30.6%, to $259.7 million in 2011 from $198.8 million in 2010. The increase in revenues primarily resulted from a 6% increase in volumes and a 23.3% increase in average selling prices primarily due to the shift to direct distribution in the United States and Canada. The Caesarstone USA acquisition contributed $23.7 million in revenues (for the seven and a half month period following the acquisition). Favorable exchange rates also contributed to the increase in average selling prices. The increase in volume resulted primarily from sales in the United States, Israel, Canada and rest of world while sales in Europe experienced a 16% decline compared to 2010 due to the weak home renovation and remodeling and new residential construction end markets in Europe.

Cost of revenues and gross profit margins

Cost of revenues increased by $34.9 million, or 28.9%, to $155.4 million in 2011 from $120.5 million in 2010. Cost of revenues increased primarily due to an increase in volume, an increase in raw material costs, and in particular, polyester and other polymer resin costs, which increased by 18% in 2011. In addition, the increase in cost of revenues was due to the direct distribution in Canada and the United States (for the seven and a half month period following the acquisition in the case of the United States). From May 18, 2011 through December 31, 2011, we recorded a $4.0 million increase in cost of revenues related to Caesarstone USA’s inventory held at the time of its acquisition, which had a higher carrying cost than our inventory. We also recorded a charge of $1.8 million related to our write down to zero of the cost of the quartz inventory provided to Microgil, our former third-party quartz processor. However, despite this write down, gross profit margins increased from 39.4% in 2010 to 40.2% in 2011. The increase in raw material cost decreased margins by 3.2% while the increase in volume decreased our costs per unit on fixed and semi-variable costs of goods sold, which resulted in an increase in our margins of 0.4%. Our direct distribution channel in Canada improved our margins by 2.2% while the Caesarstone USA acquisition contributed 2.0% to our margins due in part to the high carrying costs of its inventory held at the time of acquisition.

Operating expenses

Research and development, net.    Research and development expenses, net of grants received, increased by $0.2 million, or 9.4%, to $2.5 million in 2011 from $2.3 million in 2010. The increase was mainly due to foreign currency translations of NIS to the U.S. dollar, which were offset by OCS grants that increased $0.04 million in 2011 compared to 2010. OCS grants recorded amounted to $0.21 million in 2011 compared to $0.17 million recorded in 2010.

Marketing and selling.    Marketing and selling expenses increased by $18.0 million, or 112%, to $34.0 million in 2011 from $16.0 million in 2010. This increase resulted primarily from the establishment of a direct distribution channel in the United States, which was consolidated into our results of operations for the last four and a half months of the period, and added $7.8 million to expenses, and our direct distribution in Canada, which increased expenses by $5.1 million. In addition, the increase in marketing and selling expenses was due to significant investment in advertising and the expansion of our corporate marketing department that we began in the beginning of 2010, including its separation from our corporate sales department.

General and administrative.    General and administrative expenses increased by $9.1 million, or 43.7%, to $30.0 million in 2011 from $20.9 million in 2010. This increase was primarily the result

 

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of the introduction of a new cost structure to operate our subsidiaries in the United States (for the last seven and a half months of the period), which increased expenses by $6.2 million, and Canada, which increased expenses by $2.6 million, as well as an increase in corporate professional services and labor costs. Non-recurring items incurred in 2011 include a credit of $1.8 million in connection with the settlement of two trademark infringement lawsuits with two competitors in Australia that was partially offset by an expense of $1.1 million related to the write down to zero of a loan made to Microgil the recoverability of which we determined to be not probable.

Finance expenses, net

Finance expenses, net increased by 101.5% to $4.8 million in 2011 from $2.4 million in 2010. This increase resulted primarily from an increase of $2.0 million in finance expenses, net, related to foreign exchange rate impact. In 2011, we experienced $3.3 million of finance expenses, net, related mainly to losses on our Australian dollar derivatives as a result of the appreciation of the Australian dollar during 2011. Our interest expenses and bank charges, net increased by $0.4 million due primarily to finance charges from Caesarstone USA and our new Canadian joint venture, as well as a reduction in cash and deposit balances as a result of funding of the Caesarstone USA acquisition.

Taxes on income

Taxes on income decreased by $3.8 million to $3.6 million in 2011 from a $7.4 million tax expense in 2010, primarily as a result of a new tax benefit regulation in Israel that went into effect in the beginning of 2011, which reduced our local effective tax rate to 15% on income attributable to our Sdot-Yam facility and 10% on income attributable to our Bar-Lev facility. As a result, in the first quarter of 2011, we recorded a non-recurring credit of $1.8 million from adjusting our deferred taxes to the newly enacted tax rate that will be in effect when the temporary differences are expected to reverse. In addition, we recorded $3.7 million reduced tax on our ongoing pre-tax profit as a result of the newly lowered tax rates. An audit of our 2007 through 2009 tax assessments by the Israeli tax authorities resulted in a tax charge of $0.8 million. Excluding the impact of these three factors, our effective tax rate for 2011 would have been 25.2%, similar to current Israeli corporate tax rate of 24%. In 2010, we recognized a significant approved enterprise tax benefit in connection with the operation of our Bar-Lev production lines with no taxes incurred on its attributed income, which resulted in a tax benefit of $2.0 million. Without the Approved Enterprise tax benefit, our effective tax rate for that period would have been 25.7%, similar to the statutory tax rate of 25% that year.

Equity in losses of affiliate, net

Equity in losses of affiliate, net decreased by $0.2 million from $0.3 million in 2010 to $0.1 million in 2011, primarily as a result of the discontinuance of equity accounting upon the acquisition of Caesarstone USA on May 18, 2011. We will not record any equity income or losses in connection with Caesarstone USA following May 18, 2011. Beginning in May 2011, financial information related to Caesarstone USA was fully consolidated into our financial statements.

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest decreased by $0.1 million from $0.4 million in 2010 to $0.3 million in 2011. This decrease was due to higher net income generated by Caesarstone Canada Inc. during its two and a half months of operations in 2010 compared to 2011. Caesarstone Canada Inc.’s net income was higher during this two-and-a-half-month-period

 

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in 2010 than 2011 because the entity generated revenue temporarily without any significant costs during this period. Since such time, the newly-created entity has built its structure to permit it to expand its distribution capabilities and operations in the long term.

Year ended December 31, 2010 compared to year ended December 31, 2009

Revenues

Revenues increased by $36.2 million, or 22.2%, to $198.8 million in 2010 from $162.6 million in 2009. This increase was primarily due to a volume increase of 12.7% and an 8.4% increase in average selling prices due to increased direct distribution sales in Australia and Eastern Canada, favorable exchange rates, particularly as a result of the Australian dollar which averaged 10.6% above 2009 rates against the NIS, and an increase in sales of high-grade slabs. Revenues from Australia increased by 31% from 2009 largely as a result of the Australian government housing stimulus package, as well as the appreciation of the Australian dollar. Revenues from Europe increased by 24% mainly as a result of greater market share in some countries after improved sales performance due to distributor replacements and enhanced relationships with certain other distributors in this region. We were also able to grow revenues to a lesser extent in Israel, due to increases in volume, and in Canada due to our shift to direct distribution in Eastern Canada. Rest of the world revenue, excluding Canada, increased by 70% reflecting penetration of new markets.

Cost of revenues and gross profit margins

Cost of revenues increased by $11.6 million, or 10.7%, to $120.5 million in 2010 from $108.9 million in 2009. This increase resulted primarily from an increase in revenues. Gross profit margins increased to 39.4% in 2010 from 33.1% in 2009. Approximately 34% of this increase resulted from foreign exchange rate impact, primarily increases in the Australian dollar exchange rate compared to the NIS and approximately 28% resulted from an increase in direct distribution sales resulting in higher average selling prices. Gross profit margins also benefited from higher volumes, which lowered costs per unit on fixed and semi-variable cost of goods sold, and operational improvements, such as a reduction in slab thickness and improved slab quality. An offsetting factor was an increase in cost of raw materials, primarily polyester and other resins that reduced gross profit by $4.1 million.

Operating expenses

Research and development, net.    Research and development expenses increased by $0.3 million, or 15.7%, to $2.3 million in 2010 from $2.0 million in 2009 despite an increase of OCS grants from $0.08 in 2009 to $0.17 million in 2010. Gross expenses increased by $0.4 million primarily from increased labor costs, a 5% increase in headcount and the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the NIS.

Marketing and selling.    Marketing and selling expenses increased by $3.1 million, or 23.8%, to $16.0 million in 2010 from $13.0 million in 2009. This increase resulted from $1.2 million in increased advertising and marketing costs associated with the expansion of our global distribution platform, $0.5 million associated with the establishment of a direct distribution channel in Eastern Canada, and $0.4 million related to the expansion of our sales force in Australia. Other notable increases relate to an increase in the Australian dollar exchange rate against the NIS and a weakened U.S. dollar against expenses denominated in NIS.

 

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General and administrative.    General and administrative expenses increased by $2.2 million, or 11.6%, to $20.9 million in 2010 from $18.7 million in 2009 despite a reduction of $3.4 million in total share-based compensation as a result of our Chief Executive Officer notifying us of his decision to exercise his right to receive an award bonus with respect to 335,000 vested shares as well as the employment termination of our former Australian subsidiary’s CEO. This increase was primarily the result of an increase of $2.1 million in management fees payable to Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and Tene, an increase in professional services costs, the introduction of our new subsidiary in Canada, an increase in the Australian dollar exchange rate against the NIS and a weakened U.S. dollar against expenses denominated in NIS.

Finance expenses, net

Finance expenses, net decreased to $2.4 million in 2010 compared to finance expenses, net of $8.7 million in 2009. The decrease in financial and other income in 2010 resulted primarily from an $8.1 million expense recorded during 2009 associated with the mark-to-market accounting of Tene’s call option granted pursuant to an investment agreement between us and Tene, which was exercised in December 2009. Excluding this non-recurring cost, 2010 finance expenses, net were $1.7 million above 2009. The increase is primarily a result of $1.2 million in losses on certain derivative instruments following significant declines in the Euro exchange rate compared with a foreign exchange transaction gain of $1.2 million in 2009. This increase was offset by a reduction in interest expenses, net of $0.7 million due to our reduced debt balance, and significant increased cash balance in 2010.

Taxes on income

Taxes on income expense increased to $7.4 million in 2010 from $3.8 million in 2009 primarily as a result of improved profitability. Our effective tax rate decreased from 32.8% in 2009 to 20.2% in 2010. During this period, the Israeli statutory tax rate decreased from 26% in 2009 to 25% in 2010. In 2010, we recognized a $2.0 million tax exemption related to our Approved Enterprise program with a zero percent tax rate. Without this credit, our 2010 effective tax rate would have been 25.7%, similar to the statutory tax rate. In 2009, in connection with the exercise by Tene of a call option, which was not deductible under local tax rules, and had an associated $8.1 million finance expense, we recognized a tax charge of $2.1 million. This tax impact was offset primarily by a $1.7 million tax credit related to differences in the basis of measurement for tax purposes, principally related to our Approved Enterprise program. Additionally, we recorded a $0.4 million tax expense associated with a non-deductible expense. Excluding these three factors, our effective tax rate in 2009 would have been 26%, in line with the statutory tax rate of 26%.

Equity in losses of affiliate, net

Equity in losses of affiliate, net was $0.3 million in both 2009 and 2010 primarily as a result of a $0.3 million amortization expense related to intangible assets associated with the investment in our U.S. distributor. We recognized $0.4 million and $0.2 million of net income associated with our 25% interest in Caesarstone USA in 2010 and 2009, respectively; however, those amounts were offset by similar amounts of unrealized gains in inter-company transactions.

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest

In 2010, Caesarstone Canada Inc. generated net income of $0.7 million with $0.3 million attributable to Ciot. Caesarstone Canada Inc. began operations in October 2010.

 

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Quarterly results of operations and seasonality

The following table presents our unaudited condensed consolidated quarterly results of operations for the eight quarters in the period from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2011. We also present reconciliations of net income to adjusted EBITDA and net income attributable to controlling interest to adjusted net income for the same periods. This information should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. We have prepared the unaudited condensed consolidated quarterly financial information for the quarters presented below on the same basis as our audited consolidated financial statements. The historical quarterly results presented below are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future quarters or periods.

 

     Three Months Ended  
(in thousands, except
percentages)
  Mar. 31,
2010
    Jun. 30,
2010
    Sept. 30,
2010
    Dec. 31,
2010
    Mar. 31,
2011
    Jun. 30,
2011
    Sept. 30,
2011
    Dec. 31,
2011
 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Consolidated Income Statement Data:

               

Revenues

  $ 48,990      $ 44,439      $ 51,503      $ 53,859      $ 52,394      $ 66,045      $ 74,151      $ 67,081   

Revenues as a percentage of annual revenue

    24.6%        22.4%        25.9%        27.1%        20.2%        25.4%        28.6%        25.8%   

Gross profit

  $ 19,623      $ 17,628      $ 20,069      $ 20,968      $ 20,036      $ 26,630      $ 31,446      $ 26,182   

Operating income

    11,130        7,760        11,979        8,202        8,082        9,901        13,601        6,162   

Net income

    8,635        4,205        9,902        6,264        7,904        7,600        10,151        3,649   

Other Financial Data:

               

Adjusted EBITDA

    14,143        11,463        12,934        11,949        11,510        15,793        18,025        13,446   

Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of annual adjusted EBITDA

    28.0%        22.7%        25.6%        23.7%        19.6%        26.9%        30.7%        22.8%   

Adjusted net income

    9,022        5,248        8,751        6,742        8,475        9,265        10,438        6,587   

Adjusted net income as a percentage of annual adjusted net income

    30.3%        17.6%        29.4%        22.7%        24.4%        26.7%        30.0%        19.0%   

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

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     Three Months Ended  
(as a % of revenues)   Mar. 31,
2010
    Jun. 30,
2010
    Sept. 30,
2010
    Dec. 31,
2010
    Mar. 31,
2011
    Jun. 30,
2011
    Sept. 30,
2011
    Dec. 31,
2011
 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Consolidated Income Statement Data:

               

Revenues

    100.0%        100.0%        100.0%        100.0%        100.0%        100.0%        100.0%        100.0%   

Gross profit

    40.1        39.7        39.0        38.9        38.2        40.3        42.4        39.0   

Operating income

    22.7        17.5        23.3        15.2        15.4        15.0        18.3        9.2   

Net income

    17.6        9.5        19.2        11.6        15.1        11.5        13.7        5.4   

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

     Three Months Ended  
(in thousands)   Mar. 31,
2010
    Jun. 30,
2010
    Sept. 30,
2010
    Dec. 31,
2010
    Mar. 31,
2011
    Jun. 30,
2011
    Sept. 30,
2011
    Dec. 31,
2011
 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA:

               

Net income

  $ 8,635      $ 4,205      $ 9,902      $ 6,264      $ 7,904      $ 7,600      $ 10,151      $ 3,649   

Finance expenses, net

    305        2,392        (747     420        263        659        834        3,019   

Taxes on income

    1,894        985        3,021        1,499        (168     1,658        2,616        (506

Depreciation and amortization

    2,528        2,397        2,397        2,712        2,857        3,702        4,008        4,048   

Equity in losses of affiliate, net(a)

    296        178        (197     19        83        (16              

Excess cost of acquired inventory(b)

                                       1,822        1,979        220   

Litigation gain(c)

                                              (1,783       

Microgil loan and inventory write
down(d)

                                                     2,916   

Share-based compensation expense(e)

    485        1,306        (1,442     1,035        571        368        220        100   

Adjusted EBITDA(a)

  $ 14,143      $ 11,463      $ 12,934      $ 11,949      $ 11,510      $ 15,793      $ 18,025      $ 13,446   

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(a)   Consists of our portion of the results of operations of Caesarstone USA prior to its acquisition by us in May 2011.

 

(b)   Consists of the difference between the higher carrying cost of Caesarstone USA’s inventory at the time of acquisition and the standard cost of our inventory, which adversely impacts our gross margins until such inventory is sold. The majority of the acquired inventory was sold in 2011.

 

(c)   Consists of a mediation award in our favor pursuant to two trademark infringement cases brought by Caesarstone Australia Pty Limited.

 

(d)   Relates to our writing down to zero the cost of inventory provided to Microgil, our former third-party quartz processor in Israel, in 2011 in the amount of $1.8 million and our writing down to zero our $1.1 million loan to Microgil, in each case, in connection with a dispute. See “Business—Legal proceedings.”

 

(e)   Share-based compensation consists primarily of changes in the value of share-based rights granted in January 2009 to our Chief Executive Officer, as well as changes in the value of share-based rights granted in March 2008 to our former chief executive officer of Caesarstone Australia Pty Limited.

 

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      Three Months Ended  
(in thousands)    Mar. 31,
2010
     Jun. 30,
2010
     Sept. 30,
2010
    Dec. 31,
2010
     Mar. 31,
2011
     Jun. 30,
2011
     Sept. 30,
2011
    Dec. 31,
2011
 

 

  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Controlling Interest to Adjusted Net Income:

                     

Net income attributable to controlling interest

   $ 8,635       $ 4,205       $ 9,902      $ 5,916       $ 7,966       $ 7,314       $ 10,067      $ 3,705   

Excess cost of acquired inventory(a)

                                            1,822         1,979        220   

Litigation gain(b)

                                                    (1,783       

Microgil loan and inventory write down(c)

                                                           2,916   

Share-based compensation expense(d)

     485         1,306         (1,442     1,035         571         368         220        100   
  

 

 

 

Total adjustments before tax

     485         1,306         (1,442     1,035         571         2,190         416        3,236   

Less tax on above adjustment(e)

     98         263         (291     209         62         239         45        354   
  

 

 

 

Total adjustments after tax

     387         1,043         (1,151     826         509         1,951         371        2,882   
  

 

 

 

Adjusted net income

   $ 9,022       $ 5,248       $ 8,751      $ 6,742       $ 8,475       $ 9,265       $ 10,438      $ 6,587   

 

  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(a)   Consists of the difference between the higher carrying cost of Caesarstone USA’s inventory at the time of acquisition and the standard cost of our inventory, which adversely impacts our gross margins until such inventory is sold. The majority of the acquired inventory was sold in 2011.

 

(b)   Consists of a mediation award in our favor pursuant to two trademark infringement cases brought by Caesarstone Australia Pty Limited.

 

(c)   Relates to our writing down to zero the cost of inventory provided to Microgil, our former third-party quartz processor in Israel, in 2011 in the amount of $1.8 million and our writing down to zero our $1.1 million loan to Microgil, in each case, in connection with a dispute. See “Business—Legal proceedings.”

 

(d)   Share-based compensation consists primarily of changes in the value of share-based rights granted in January 2009 to our Chief Executive Officer, as well as changes in the value of share-based rights granted in March 2008 to the former chief executive officer of Caesarstone Australia Pty Limited.

 

(e)   Tax adjustments reflect the increase in taxes on income that would have been reflected in our consolidated income statement for the applicable period if the adjustments set forth in the table were not applied in computing net income. The tax effect is based on effective tax rate for each relevant period.

Our results of operations are impacted by seasonal factors, including construction and renovation cycles. We believe that the third quarter of the year exhibits higher sales volumes than other quarters because demand for quartz surface products is generally higher during the summer months in the northern hemisphere, when the weather is more favorable for new construction and renovation projects, as well as the impact of efforts to complete such projects before the beginning of the new school

 

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year. Conversely, the first quarter is impacted by a slowdown in new construction and renovation projects during the winter months as a result of adverse weather conditions in the northern hemisphere and, depending on the date of the spring holiday in Israel in a particular year, the first or second quarter is impacted by a reduction in sales in Israel due to such holiday. Similarly, sales in Australia during the first quarter are negatively impacted due to fewer construction and renovation projects.

We expect that seasonal factors will have a greater impact on our revenue, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income in the future due to our recent shift to direct distribution in the United States and Canada, and as we continue to increase direct distribution as a percentage of our total revenues in the future. This is because we generate higher average selling prices in the markets in which we have direct distribution channels and, therefore, our revenues are more greatly impacted by changes in demand in these markets. At the same time, our fixed costs have also increased as a result of our shift to direct distribution and, therefore, the impact of seasonal fluctuations in our revenues on our profit margins, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income will likely be magnified in future periods.

The first quarter of 2010 does not reflect typical seasonal impacts due to increased sales to third-party distributors to maintain their inventories. Third-party distributor revenue currently accounts for a lower portion of our revenues and is expected to decrease further in the future as we shift to direct distribution in additional markets. Consistent with our expectations, sales volume was highest in 2010 during the third quarter, with sales volume 7% higher in the third quarter than the fourth quarter. However, revenue was highest in the fourth quarter and increased from the third quarter primarily due to the commencement of direct distribution in Eastern Canada (which contributed an additional $2.0 million to revenues). In 2011, sales volume increased by 9% from the first quarter to the second quarter and by 6% from the second quarter to the third quarter. The increase in revenue in 2011 was higher due to our acquisition of Caesarstone USA in the middle of the second quarter. We expect in the future that our adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income will correlate with sales volume and will be highest in the third quarter, as indicated by the quarterly results for 2010 and 2011 shown above, and lowest in the first quarter, as indicated by the quarterly results for 2011 shown above.

Liquidity and capital resources

Our primary capital requirements have been to fund production capacity expansions, as well as investments in and acquisitions of third-party distributors, such as our acquisition of the business of our former Australian distributor and our investment in and acquisition of Caesarstone USA, formerly known as U.S. Quartz Products, Inc. Our other capital requirements have been to fund our working capital needs, operating costs, meet required debt payments and to pay dividends on our capital stock.

Capital resources have primarily consisted of cash flows from operations, borrowings under our credit facilities, shareholder loans, equity investments by Tene, and cash and cash equivalents on hand. Our working capital requirements are affected by several factors, including demand for our products, raw material costs and shipping costs.

Our inventory strategy is to maintain sufficient inventory levels to meet anticipated customer demand for our products. Our inventory is significantly impacted by sales in Australia, our largest market, due to the 60 days required to ship our products to this location. In addition, our establishment of direct distribution channels has and will impact our inventory. In September

 

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2010, we signed an agreement to establish a joint venture, Caesarstone Canada Inc., with our third-party distributor in Eastern Canada, Ciot. In May 2011, we executed an agreement to purchase the remaining 75% equity interest in Caesarstone USA. Our inventory level increased by $3.0 million due to the purchase of Ciot’s inventory by Caesarstone Canada Inc. with proceeds from shareholder loans. Our inventory level increased by $12.7 million as a result of our purchase of Caesarstone USA’s inventory and Caesarstone Canada Inc.’s purchase of the inventory of our former third-party distributor in Western Canada. This increase in inventory, due to the establishment of direct distribution operations in these markets, will continue in the future due to the need to maintain available inventory for our direct distribution activities in those markets and the time required to ship between Israel and the United States or Canada by sea. We continue to focus on meeting market demand for our products while improving our inventory efficiency over the long term by implementing procedures to improve our production planning process.

We minimize working capital requirements through our distribution network that allows sales and marketing activities to be provided by third-party distributors. Giving effect to the transactions occurring upon the closing of this offering, and in particular the payment of a special dividend to our existing shareholders prior to this offering of $25.6 million immediately following the closing of this offering and an additional dividend of $0.8 million to our preferred shareholders that we intend to pay prior to the closing of this offering, we believe that, based on our current business plan, the proceeds of this offering, our cash and cash equivalents on hand, cash from operations and borrowings available to us under our revolving credit, short-term and long-term debt facilities, we will be able to meet our capital expenditure and working capital requirements, and liquidity needs for at least the next twelve months. We may require additional capital to meet our longer term liquidity and future growth requirements. Continued instability in the capital markets could adversely affect our ability to obtain additional capital to grow our business and would affect the cost and terms of such capital.

Cash flows

The following table presents the major components of net cash flows used in and provided by operating, investing and financing activities for the periods presented:

 

      Year Ended December 31,  

(in thousands)

   2009     2010     2011  

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

   $ 42,066      $ 46,649      $ 28,224   

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

     635        (5,920     (27,367

Net cash (used in) financing activities

     (26,970     (20,969     (31,833

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash provided by operating activities

Operating activities consist primarily of net income adjusted for certain non-cash items. Adjustments to net income for non-cash items include depreciation and amortization, share-based compensation and deferred taxes. In addition, operating cash flows are impacted by changes in operating assets and liabilities, principally inventories, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses.

Cash provided by operating activities grew by $4.6 million from 2009 to 2010 but decreased by $18.4 million from 2010 to 2011. In 2009, we generated cash flow from operations of $42.0 million despite significantly lower net income of $7.4 million primarily due to a $9.7 million

 

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reduction in inventory levels as a result of an operational focus on inventory reduction given our relative flat revenue levels and the non-cash impact of the Tene option valuation and share-based compensation. In 2010, we generated $46.6 million in cash from operations, or 60% greater than net income, primarily as a result of $10.0 million in depreciation and amortization and an increase in accrued expenses. Despite net income for 2011 remaining flat relative to 2010, cash provided by operating activities decreased by $18.4 million in 2011 compared to 2010. This decrease was mainly the result of an increase of $10.5 million in trade and other account receivables in 2011 compared to an increase of $1.5 million in trade and other account receivables in 2010 and a decrease of $4.5 million in accrued expenses and other liabilities in 2011 compared to an increase of $16.6 million in accrued expenses and other liabilities in 2010, primarily associated with management fees and dividends declared to related parties that were both accrued at December 31, 2010 and paid during 2011. The increase in trade and other account receivables during 2011 resulted from increased revenues in the fourth quarter of this period compared to the fourth quarter of 2010. Inventory decreased by $4.1 million in 2011 compared to an increase of $4.8 million in 2010, which partially offset the decrease in cash provided by operating activities in 2011. Depreciation and amortization expenses increased by $4.6 million, or 45.7%, from 2010 to 2011 due to our increased amortization expenses related to the intangible assets acquired in connection with the acquisitions of our U.S. and Singapore distributors, our establishment of a joint venture in Eastern Canada and the acquisition of the business of our former Western Canadian distributor.

Cash provided by (used in) investing activities

We decreased our capital expenditures related to the purchase of property, plant and equipment year over year from 2007 to 2009 following the establishment of our fourth production line. Capital expenditures totaled $33.0 million, $10.1 million and $4.8 million in 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively. We have resumed moderate capital expenditure growth since 2009 due to our increased sales growth and our expansion of our direct distribution channels. In 2010 and 2011, our capital expenditures totaled $5.5 million and $8.8 million, respectively. Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2010 and 2011 were $0.6 million, $(5.9) million and $(27.4) million, respectively. Our 2009 investing activities consisted primarily of a payment we received in the amount of $7.5 million as repayment of a shareholder loan given in the previous period to Kibbutz Sdot-Yam. In 2011, our cash used in investing activities was $(27.4) million including cash for acquisitions totaling $18.7 million consisting of $16.2 million invested in connection with the Caesarstone USA acquisition, $1.9 million invested in connection with the acquisition of the business of Whitewood, our former distributor in Western Canada, and $0.6 million related to the acquisition of our Singapore distributor.

The majority of our investment activities have historically been related to the purchase of manufacturing equipment and components for our production lines, as well as the acquisition of the business of our former Australian distributor and our investment in Caesarstone USA. In order to support our overall business expansion, we will continue to invest in manufacturing equipment and components for our production lines. Moreover, we may spend additional amounts of cash on acquisitions from time to time, if and when such opportunities arise.

On October 15, 2010, we closed an agreement to establish a joint venture, Caesarstone Canada Inc., with our former distributor in Eastern Canada. In connection with the formation of the joint venture, we granted Ciot a put option and Ciot granted us a call option for its interest, each exercisable any time between July 1, 2012 and July 1, 2023. Exercise of the put option requires six months prior notice. Exercise of the call option does not require prior notice. The purchase price

 

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following such an exercise is to be determined in accordance with the call and put formulas, which are based on multiples that are subject to change based on the number of slabs sold and adjustments related to changes in price per slab for Caesarstone Canada Inc. The put option may only be exercised for at least $5 million plus an additional amount equal to interest at a yearly rate of 3.75%. The exercise of the put or call option would result in an increase in our ownership interest from 55% to 100%.

Cash used in financing activities

Beginning in the second half of 2009 through April 2010, as a result of an improvement in our financial results and cash provided by operating activities, we repaid all of our revolving credit line balances and repaid $4.6 million in loans prior to maturity. This, along with scheduled loan repayments, reduced our debt balance from $64.9 million in 2008 to $23.6 million in 2011, during which period we funded several acquisitions with cash on hand and limited short-term borrowings that were repaid during the year, including our acquisition of Caesarstone USA. The exercise by Tene in December 2009 of their call option pursuant to an investment agreement between us and Tene generated $7.8 million in cash proceeds to us. At the end of 2010, we used our revolving credit line to pay an $8.4 million dividend to our shareholders. During 2011, we repaid $7.4 million of the revolving credit line. Net cash used in financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2010 and 2011 was $27.0 million, $21.0 million and $31.8 million, respectively, which included loan repayments, net of $25.2 million, $7.0 million and $27.2 million in 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively, and dividend payments of $9.9 million in 2009, $14.0 million in 2010 and $6.9 million in 2011.

Credit facilities

Our long term debt is comprised largely of long-term secured loans from Israeli banks. The loans provide for terms of between five to six years and are denominated in various currencies. The remaining terms on our existing debt range between approximately six to 18 months. Our long-term debt, net of the current portion, was $5.4 million as of December 31, 2011. Additionally, on January 17, 2011, a loan in the amount of CAD$4.0 million ($4.1 million) was made to Caesarstone Canada Inc. by its shareholders, Ciot and ourselves, on a pro rata basis. The loan bears an interest rate until repayment at a per annum rate equal to the Bank of Canada’s prime business rate plus 0.25%, with the interest accrued on the loan paid on a quarterly basis. The loan must be repaid two years following the date of its granting. The loan balance as of December 31, 2011 was $1.8 million.

As of December 31, 2011, we had short-term and revolving credit lines with total availability of $21.3 million, consisting of $15.4 million from Israeli banks and $5.9 million from Canadian banks. As of that date, we had short-term borrowings of $3.9 million under the Canadian facility only. In addition, we had short-term borrowings of $12.5 million consisting of long-term borrowings with current maturities.

Of our long-term debt and short-term loans (including current maturities of long-term debt) as of December 31, 2011, $8.4 million was denominated in Australian dollars with interest rates of between LIBOR plus 1.1% to LIBOR plus 1.25%, $7.1 million was denominated in U.S. dollars with an interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.75% to LIBOR plus 1.4%, $1.8 million was denominated in NIS with interest rates of between prime plus 0.2% to prime plus 0.25% and $0.7 million was denominated in Canadian dollars with an interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.1%. Our revolving and short-term credit lines are primarily denominated in NIS, with the majority bearing annual interest at prime less 0.25%.

 

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The loans and credit lines are secured with general floating and fixed charges on our assets. The agreements governing the loans and credit lines contain a number of covenants, including the following:

 

 

a commitment not to repay loans to our shareholders;

 

limitations on mergers, acquisitions and dispositions not in the ordinary course of business; and

 

restrictions on changes in control or ownership and dividends.

In addition, we are required to satisfy the following financial covenants:

 

 

a maximum ratio of total financial indebtedness to EBITDA (defined in the governing agreements as operating income plus depreciation and amortization);

 

 

a minimum ratio of EBITDA (defined in the governing agreements as operating income plus depreciation and amortization) to debt service (defined as the aggregate amount of principal and interest for long-term and short-term loans); and

 

 

a minimum ratio of tangible shareholders’ equity (defined as outstanding share capital, undistributed surpluses and subordinated shareholders’ loans less any deferred charges, amounts owed to the company by related parties and, in the case of one loan agreement, intangible assets) to total assets.

Furthermore, we are not permitted to incur a net loss for five consecutive quarters or two consecutive calendar years.

As of December 31, 2011, we were in compliance with all of the foregoing covenants and would have been in compliance with such covenants after giving effect to this offering and the related transactions occurring upon its completion.

Capital expenditures

Our capital expenditures have included the expansion of our manufacturing capacity and capabilities, and investment and improvements in our information technology systems. In 2009, 2010 and 2011, our capital expenditures were $4.8 million, $5.5 million and $8.8 million, respectively. We anticipate that our next major capital expenditure will be in 2013 for the establishment of an additional production line that we anticipate will be operational within one year of the project’s commencement. We also expect to incur $1.8 million of capital expenditures over the next two years in connection with implementing a new global enterprise resource planning system.

Land purchase agreement and leaseback

Pursuant to a land purchase agreement entered into on March 31, 2011, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam will acquire from us, subject to the closing of this offering and the receipt of certain third-party consents described below, our rights in the lands and facilities of the Bar-Lev Industrial Park in consideration for NIS 43.7 million (approximately $11.4 million). The expected carrying value of the Bar-Lev Grounds at the time of closing this transaction is NIS 40.3 million (approximately $10.5 million). Pursuant to the land purchase agreement, we are required to obtain certain third-party consents, among others, from the Israeli Tax Authorities, within 120 days following the closing of this offering (or a longer period in certain circumstances). In addition, both parties are required to cooperate to obtain the consent from the Israeli Investment Center. The land purchase agreement was executed simultaneously with the execution of a land use agreement.

 

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Pursuant to the land use agreement, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam will permit us to use the Bar-Lev Grounds for a period of ten years commencing on the date of this offering that will be automatically renewed, unless we give two years’ prior notice, for a ten-year term in consideration for an annual fee of NIS 4,146,000 (approximately $1.1 million) to be linked to increases in the Israeli consumer price index. The fee is subject to adjustment following January 1, 2021 and every three years thereafter at the option of Kibbutz Sdot-Yam if Kibbutz Sdot-Yam chooses to obtain an appraisal that supports such an increase. The appraiser would be mutually agreed upon or, in the absence of agreement, will be chosen by Kibbutz Sdot-Yam from a list of assessors recommended at that time by Bank Leumi.

Our equipment that resides within the premises is considered integral equipment (as defined in ASC 360-20-15-4) due to the significant costs involved in relocating such equipment. Since we did not sell this equipment to Kibbutz Sdot-Yam as part of the transaction, the transaction is considered a partial sale and leaseback of real estate. As a result, the transaction does not qualify for “sale lease-back” accounting as defined under the relevant provisions of ASC 360-20, and we will record the entire amount to be received as consideration as a liability while the land and building will remain on our balance sheet until the end of the lease term under the provisions of ASC 840-40. As the amount to be paid under the sale lease back agreement using our incremental borrowing rate would not cover the anticipated depreciated cost of the building and land at the end of the lease the entire amount paid will be accreted to the anticipated book value of the land and building at the end of the lease term using the effective interest method.

Off-balance sheet items

We do not currently engage in off-balance sheet financing arrangements. In addition, we do not have any interest in entities referred to as variable interest entities, which includes special purposes entities and other structured finance entities.

Contractual commitments and contingencies

Our significant contractual obligations and commitments as of December 31, 2011 are summarized in the following table:

 

      Payments Due by Period  
(in thousands)    2012      2013      2014      2015      2016      2017 and
thereafter
     Other      Total  

 

  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
     (unaudited)  

Long-term debt

   $ 12,541       $ 7,225       $       $       $       $       $       $ 19,766   

Interest

     515         81                                                 596   

Operating lease obligations

     7,398         5,758         2,054         1,462         742         540                 17,954   

Purchase obligations(1)

     8,364                                                         8,364   

Accrued severance pay, net(2)

                                                     642         642   

Uncertain tax positions(3)

                                                     755         755   

Other long-term liabilities(4)

                                                     11,137         11,137   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 28,818       $ 13,064       $ 2,054       $ 1,462       $ 742       $ 540       $ 12,534       $ 59,214   

 

  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

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(1)   Consists of purchase obligations to suppliers. Does not include purchase obligations to Microgil, our former third-party quartz processor in Israel, based on a quartz processing agreement entered into between us and Kfar Giladi that was subsequently assigned to Microgil, an entity that we believe is controlled by Kfar Giladi. It is our position that the production facility established by Kfar Giladi and Microgil was not operational until approximately two years after the date required by the Processing Agreement, and as a result, we were unable to purchase minimum quantities set forth in the Processing Agreement. It is also our position, which is disputed by Kfar Giladi and Microgil, that the Processing Agreement was terminated by us following its breach by Kfar Giladi and Microgil. See “Business—Legal proceedings.”

 

(2)   Severance pay relates to accrued severance obligations to our Israeli employees as required under Israeli labor law. These obligations are payable only upon termination, retirement or death of the relevant employee and there is no obligation if the employee voluntarily resigns. See also Note 2 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for further information regarding accrued severance pay.

 

(3)   Uncertain income tax positions under ASC 740 (formerly FIN 48) guidelines for accounting for uncertain tax positions are due upon settlement and we are unable to reasonably estimate the ultimate amounts or timing of settlement. See note 16 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for further information regarding our liability under ASC 740.

 

(4)   Includes other long-term balance sheet liabilities.

Application of critical accounting policies and estimates

Our accounting policies affecting our financial condition and results of operations are more fully described in our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2010 and 2011, included elsewhere in this prospectus. The preparation of our financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reflected in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We base our estimates upon various factors, including past experience, where applicable, external sources and on other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, and could have a material adverse effect on our reported results.

In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction, event or activity is specifically dictated by accounting principles and does not require management’s judgment in its application, while in other cases, management’s judgment is required in the selection of the most appropriate alternative among the available accounting principles, that allow different accounting treatment for similar transactions.

We believe that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to our financial results and to the understanding of our past and future performance as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management’s estimates and assumptions. We consider an accounting estimate to be critical if: (1) it requires us to make assumptions because information was not available at the time or it included matters that were highly uncertain at the time we were making our estimate; and (2) changes in the estimate or different estimates that we could have selected may have had a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

Allowance for doubtful accounts

Our trade receivables are derived from sales to customers located mainly in Australia, the United States, Israel and Europe. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and to date have not experienced any material losses. In certain circumstances, we may require letters of credit or prepayments. We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses from the inability of our customers to make required payments that we have determined to be doubtful of collection. We determine the adequacy of this allowance by regularly reviewing our accounts receivable and evaluating individual customers’ receivables, considering customers’ financial condition, credit history and other current economic conditions. If a customer’s financial

 

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condition were to deteriorate which might impact its ability to make payment, then additional allowances may be required. Provisions for doubtful accounts are recorded in general and administrative expenses. Our allowance for doubtful accounts was $0.7 million as of December 31, 2009, $0.3 million as of December 31, 2010 and $0.7 million as of December 31, 2011.

Inventory valuation

The majority of our inventory consists of finished goods and substantially all of the balance consists of raw materials. Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market, with cost of finished goods determined on the basis of direct manufacturing costs plus allocable indirect costs representing allocable operating overhead expenses and manufacturing costs and cost of raw materials determined using the “standard cost” method. Raw material is valued using the “weighted average” method. We assess the valuation of our inventory on a quarterly basis and periodically write down the value for different finished goods and raw material categories based on their quality classes and aging. If we consider specific inventory to be obsolete, we write such inventory down to zero. Inventory write-offs are provided to cover risks arising from slow-moving items, discontinued products, excess inventories and market prices lower than cost. The process for evaluating these write-offs often requires us to make subjective judgments and estimates concerning prices at which such inventory will be able to be sold in the normal course of business. Accelerating the disposal process or incorrect estimates of future sales potential may cause actual results to differ from the estimates at the time such inventory is disposed of or sold. Inventory provision was $2.1 million, $3.1 million and $4.9 million as of December 31, 2009 and 2010 and 2011, respectively. The increase in inventory provision in 2011 results primarily from the write down to zero of inventory held at the facilities of Microgil, our former third party quartz processor. See “Business—Legal proceedings.”

Goodwill and other long-lived assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of businesses acquired over the fair value of the net assets in the acquisition. In accordance with ASC Topic 350, “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other,” we do not amortize goodwill, but test for goodwill impairment by comparing the fair values and carrying values of our reporting units during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year (or more frequently if impairment indicators arise). We estimate fair value using the discounted cash flows method. This valuation approach considers a number of factors that include, but are not limited to, expected future cash flows, growth rates, discount rates, and comparable multiples from publicly traded companies in our industry, and require us to make certain assumptions and estimates regarding industry economic factors and future profitability of our business. It is our policy to conduct impairment testing based on our most current business plans, projected future revenues and cash flows, which reflect changes we anticipate in the economy and the industry. The cash flow projections are based on financial forecasts developed internally by management and are discounted to a present value using discount rates that properly account for the risk and nature of our business’s cash flows and the rates of return market participants would require to invest their capital in such a business. If the carrying value exceeds the fair value, we would then calculate the implied fair value of goodwill as compared to its carrying value to determine the appropriate impairment charge.

We operate in one operating segment that has five reporting components: Caesarstone Sdot-Yam Ltd. (the Israeli parent company), our subsidiary in Australia, our subsidiary in the United States, our subsidiary in Canada (a joint venture in which we have a 55% interest) and

 

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Singapore. Each component of the single operating segment is engaged in selling and marketing our products. The goodwill that we have recorded with respect to our reporting units relates to the acquisition of the business of our former Australian distributor in March 2008, the joint venture with Ciot, our former Eastern Canada third-party distributor, in October 2010 the acquisitions of our former Western Canada distributor’s business and Caesarstone USA in May 2011, and the acquisition of the business of our former Singapore distributor in October 2011. The goodwill assigned to Caesarstone Canada Inc. was generated from our Canadian business combination with the former distributor in Eastern Canada during the fourth quarter of 2010 and the acquisition of the business of our former distributor in Western Canada in May 2011. Each component could be considered to be a reporting unit, however, we have concluded that all of our components should be deemed a single reporting unit for the purpose of performing the goodwill impairment test in accordance with ASC 350-20-35-35 because they have similar economic characteristic. There was no impairment of goodwill during any period presented.

We also evaluate the carrying value of all long-lived assets, such as property and equipment and intangibles, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable, in accordance with ASC Topic 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment.” We will record an impairment loss when the carrying value of the underlying asset group exceeds its estimated fair value. In determining whether long-lived assets are recoverable, our estimate of undiscounted future cash flows over the estimated life of an asset is based upon our experience, historical operations of the asset, an estimate of future asset profitability and economic conditions. The future estimates of asset profitability and economic conditions require estimating such factors as sales growth, inflation and the overall economics of the countertop industry. Our estimates are subject to variability as future results can be difficult to predict. If a long-lived asset is found to be non-recoverable, we record an impairment charge equal to the difference between the asset’s carrying value and fair value. During all periods presented no impairment losses were identified.

Fair value measurements

The performance of fair value measurements is an integral part of the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell the asset or paid to transfer the liability in an orderly transaction between market participants to sell or transfer such an asset or liability. Selection of the appropriate valuation techniques, as well as determination of assumptions, risks and estimates used by market participants in pricing the asset or liability requires significant judgment. Although we believe that the inputs used in our evaluations techniques are reasonable, a change in one or more of the inputs could result in an increase or decrease in the fair value for example, of certain assets and certain liabilities and could have an impact on both our consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income.

 

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In December 2006, we granted Tene Investment Funds an option to purchase preferred shares representing 5% of our share capital. In determining the fair value of the option, our board of directors engaged an independent valuation firm, Laor Consulting and Investments Ltd. (“Laor”), to determine the fair value of the option. The fair value was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing methodology. The fair value of a preferred share was determined using the comparable multiples method based on eight other public companies. The following table sets forth the key assumptions used in the valuation:

 

      As of
September 30,
2009
     As of
December 25,
2009(1)
 

 

 

Volatility(2)

     52.79%         56.42%   

Risk-free interest rate(3)

     0.14%         0.20%   

Expected option life (years)

     0.25         n/a   

Liquidity and small company discount

     32.5%         30%   

Aggregate fair value of options (thousands)

   $ 2,017       $ 8,367   

 

 

 

(1)   Exercise date of the option.

 

(2)   Based on a comparison to comparable companies.

 

(3)   Based on U.S. government bonds with a similar term to the remaining term of the awards on the valuation date.

The differences in value from period to period primarily resulted from significant changes in the comparable companies’ market capitalizations during 2009 due to instability in the global markets, which caused significant declines in these companies’ market capitalization.

Business Combinations

In accordance with ASC 805 “Business Combinations,” we are required to allocate the purchase price of acquired companies to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on their estimated fair values. In allocating the purchase price of acquired companies to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, we developed the required assumptions underlying the valuation work. Critical estimates in valuing certain of the intangible assets include but are not limited to future expected cash flows from customer relationships and distribution agreements, and discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable. Assumptions may be incomplete or inaccurate, and unanticipated events and circumstances may occur. Management estimated the fair values with the assistance of a third-party valuation firm in connection with our acquisition of the remaining 75% equity interest in Caesarstone USA, our acquisition of the business of our former Western Canada distributor and our acquisition of the business of our former Singapore distributor. See Note 1 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for further information regarding the purchase price allocation for these acquisitions.

Accounting for contingencies

We are subject to contingencies, including legal proceedings and claims arising out of our business that cover a wide range of matters, including, in particular product liability. We are required to provide accruals for direct costs associated with the estimated resolution of such contingencies at the earliest date at which it is deemed probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of such liability can be reasonably estimated. Future results of operations for any particular future period could be materially affected by changes in our assumptions or strategies related to these contingencies or changes out of our control.

 

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Income taxes

We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be recognized using enacted tax rates for the effect of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of recorded assets and liabilities. ASC 740 also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. We have recorded a valuation allowance to reduce our subsidiaries’ deferred tax assets to the amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. Our assumptions regarding future realization may change due to future operating performance and other factors.

In June 2006, the FASB issued an amendment to ASC 740 (formerly FIN 48), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes. The amendment guidance requires that companies recognize in their consolidated financial statements the impact of a tax position if that position is not more likely than not of being sustained on audit based on the technical merits of the position. ASC 740 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods and disclosure. The provisions of ASC 740 were effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. We accrue interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in our tax expenses.

We establish reserves for tax-related uncertainties based on estimates of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. These reserves are established when we believe that certain positions might be challenged despite our belief that our tax return positions are in accordance with applicable tax laws. As part of the determination of our tax liability, management exercises considerable judgment in evaluating tax positions taken by us in determining the income tax provision and establishes reserves for tax contingencies in accordance with ASC 740 guidelines. We adjust these reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the closing of a tax audit, new tax legislation, or the change of an estimate based on new information. To the extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts recorded, such differences will affect the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made. The provision for income taxes includes the effect of reserve provisions and changes to reserves that are considered appropriate, as well as the related net interest and penalties.

We file income tax returns in Australia, Canada, Israel, Singapore and the United States. The Israeli tax authorities audited our income tax returns for fiscal years 2007, 2008 and 2009. We may therefore only be subject to examination by the Israel tax authorities for income tax returns filed for fiscal year 2010 and any subsequent years. Management’s judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. The provision for income tax is calculated based on our assumptions as to our entitlement to various benefits under the applicable tax laws in the jurisdictions in which we operate. The entitlement to such benefits depends upon our compliance with the terms and conditions set out in these laws. Although we believe that our estimates are reasonable and that we have considered future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax strategies in estimating our tax outcome, there is no assurance that the final tax outcome will not be different than those which are reflected in our historical income tax provisions and accruals. Such differences could have a material effect on our income tax provision, net income and cash balances in the period in which such determination is made.

 

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As of December 31, 2011, we recognized approximately $0.8 million of liability for unrecognized tax benefits.

Share-based compensation

We have made share-based awards in the past that are considered liability awards and have required the measurement and recognition of compensation expense based on estimates of fair values in accordance with ASC 718 (formerly: SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment”). We determined the fair value of each award at the end of each fiscal quarter and recognized any change in value in our income statement. The determination of the fair value of these awards requires the use of highly subjective assumptions.

In January 2009, we granted our current Chief Executive Officer (the “CEO”) the right to a bonus payment based on the increase in our company’s value pursuant to which the CEO is entitled to receive in cash the difference between $4.60 per share, subject to adjustment for dividend distributions before payment of the bonus, and the value of 685,000, of our outstanding shares with such bonus right vesting over a three-year period in increments of 1/12 on a quarterly basis. However, upon the occurrence of an “exercise event,” the entire award, or any part thereof that was not previously exercised, fully vests immediately and the CEO is required to exercise his right to receive the cash value of the award. There are four defined “exercise events” under the award, including an initial public offering. The value of the rights upon an exercise event depends on the value ascribed to us in such transaction. If the right to the bonus is exercised upon an initial public offering, the bonus will be calculated based on the difference between $4.60 per share, subject to adjustment for dividend distributions declared before this offering, and the initial public offering price. In the absence of an exercise event, the terms of the rights themselves state that our value is to be based on a 6.5 multiple of our EBITDA (defined as operating income plus depreciation and amortization) less net debt (the “SBC EBITDA”) over four consecutive quarters, two preceding the exercise notice and two following it, minus net debt as of the end of the last quarter.

In September 2010, our CEO notified us of his decision to exercise his right to receive an award bonus with respect to 335,000 vested shares calculated based on our SBC EBITDA. The award bonus amount relating to the 335,000 shares exercised was calculated based on our SBC EBITDA for 2010 and totaled $2.8 million, which we paid in June 2011. In October 2011, our CEO notified us of his decision to exercise his right to receive an award bonus with respect to a further 175,000 vested shares. The calculation of the award bonus amount was based on SBC EBITDA for 2011 and is estimated to total $1.7 million. The award bonus is expected to be paid 30 days after the approval of the 2011 audited financial statements by the board of directors.

 

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Pursuant to ASC 718, we account for this share-based compensation as a liability award. We engaged Laor to determine the fair value of the award as of December 31, 2009 and 2010. Laor determined the fair value of the award based upon the sum of the “exercise event” and the “non-exercise event” multiplied by the probability of occurrence. The “exercise event” valuation estimated our value as of the exercise event at the exercise price based on our management’s internal assessment of the probability of an “exercise event” (e.g., an initial public offering) and our estimated value at the “exercise event.” Upon a “non-exercise event,” the fair value of the liability award with respect to the 1,400 unexercised shares was measured by Laor using the binomial model. In each case, the binomial model used the following assumptions:

 

      As of
December 31,
 
    
2009
    
2010
 

 

 

Volatility(1)

     53.82%         57.69%   

Risk-free interest rate(2)

     2.2%         0.8%   

Dividend yield

     0%         0%   

Probability of an IPO

     50%         85%   

Expected life (years)

     4         3   

 

 

 

(1)   Based on a comparison to comparable companies.

 

(2)   Based on U.S. government bonds with a similar term to the remaining term of the awards on the valuation date.

Based on the foregoing valuation by Laor, we determined the fair value of the award and we recorded a liability balance for the award of $3.8 million at December 31, 2009 and $5.2 million at December 31, 2010.

In order to determine the fair value of the unexercised award at December 31, 2011, we determined that the probability of an IPO remained at 85% and estimated our enterprise value using multiplies of EBITDA and an IPO discount based on discussions regarding market conditions that we had with the underwriters. The fair value of the award upon a non-exercise event (e.g., remaining private) was determined using the SBC EBITDA multiple set forth in the award agreement. Based on these considerations, we determined that the fair value of the award for the unexercised 175,000 shares was $1.9 million and, when added to the amount accrued for the 175,000 exercised shares, the total accrual was $3.7 million at December 31, 2011. Based on the initial public offering price of $11.00, we will make a payment of $1.3 million to our CEO in connection with the automatic exercise of the award.

Since the award will be exercised in connection with this offering, we will cease to recognize expenses in connection with the award following this offering.

In March 2008, we granted the former chief executive officer of our Australian subsidiary, Caesarstone Australia Pty Limited (“CSA”), share-based rights in CSA, including restricted shares subject to a five-year vesting period, subject to our or CSA’s right to repurchase all of the unvested shares upon termination of his employment, and put and call options for such shares that are vested at the time of the termination of his employment.

 

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The fair value of the share-based payment was determined by Variance. Variance used the Monte Carlo Simulation option pricing model based on a determination of CSA’s EBITDA using with the following assumptions:

 

      As of
December 31,
2008
     As of
September 30,
2009
 

 

 

Liquidity and small company discount(1)

     44%         44%   

Risk-free interest rate(2)

     3.36%         4.97%   

Dividend yield

     0%         0%   

Expected life (years)

     4         3.25   

 

 

 

(1)   The discount was applied because the nearest comparable companies used to determine CSA’s fair value were large, public companies.

 

(2)   Based on Australian government bonds with a similar term to the remaining term of the awards on the valuation date.

The last valuation obtained by us from Variance for the vested and unvested portions of the award was $1.9 million as of September 30, 2009. See “Business—Legal proceedings.”

Quantitative and qualitative disclosure about market risk

We conduct business in a large number of countries and, as a result, we are exposed to foreign currency fluctuations. The significant majority of our revenues are generated in Australian dollars, U.S. dollars, NIS and Euros. Sales in Australian dollars accounted for 41.4% and 34.0% of our revenues in 2010 and 2011, respectively. As a result, a devaluation of the Australian dollar relative to the NIS could reduce our profitability significantly. Our expenses are largely denominated in NIS, U.S. dollars and Euros. Since a significant portion of our expenses (primarily personnel costs) are incurred and will continue to be incurred in NIS, our NIS related costs, as expressed in U.S. dollars, are influenced by the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar, our reporting currency, and the NIS.

The following table presents information about the changes in the exchange rates of the principal currencies that impact our results of operations:

 

Changes in average exchange during period    Australian dollar
against NIS
    

U.S. dollar

against NIS

 

 

 

2009

     1.9         9.6   

2010

     10.7         (5.1

2011

     7.6         (4.1

 

 

As indicated above, the Australian dollar appreciated by approximately 1.9%, 10.7% and 7.6% against the NIS in 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. In 2009, the Israeli consumer price index increased at a rate of 3.9%, thereby further escalating the increase in the U.S. dollar cost of our Israeli operations. The NIS appreciated 5.1% and 4.1% against the U.S. dollar in 2010 and 2011, respectively.

Assuming a 10% decrease in the Australian dollar relative to the NIS and assuming no other change, our operating income would have decreased by $6.4 million in 2010 and by $6.5 million in 2011. Since our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar, there is no further impact on our operating income as reported in U.S. dollars.

 

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Given that our functional currency is the NIS but our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar, the impact on our operating income of a change in the exchange rate between these currencies impacts our operating income denominated in NIS and there is a further impact on our operating income as reported in U.S. dollars. A decrease of the U.S. dollar relative to the NIS, assuming no other change, would decrease our revenues in NIS due to the customer base to which we sell in U.S. dollars. However, our expenses generated in U.S. dollars would decrease as well, such that there would be a minor impact on our results of operations. A decrease of the U.S. dollar relative to the NIS, assuming no other change, would increase our revenues reported in U.S. dollars due to revenues generated in NIS. However, our operating costs denominated in U.S. dollars would increase to a greater extent resulting in lower operating income. As a result, assuming a 10% decrease in the U.S. dollar relative to the NIS and assuming no other change, our operating income, as reported in U.S. dollars, would decrease by $4.2 million in 2010 and $3.7 million in 2011.

Our exposure related to exchange rate changes on our net asset position denominated in currencies other than the NIS varies with changes in our net asset position. Net asset position refers to financial assets, such as trade receivables and cash, less financial liabilities, such as loans and accounts payable. The impact of any such transaction gains or losses is reflected in finance expenses, net. Our exposure was reduced when we obtained new loans in 2009 in Australian, U.S. and Canadian dollars, however, as the loan balances have been reduced the exposure has increased. Our most significant exposure relates to a potential change in the exchange rates of the Australian dollar, the U.S. dollar and the Euro. Assuming a 10% decrease in the Australian dollar relative to the NIS, and assuming no other change, our finance expenses would have increased by $0.3 million in 2010 and by $0.8 million in 2011 due to our current positive net asset position denominated in Australian dollars. Assuming a 10% increase in the U.S. dollar relative to the NIS, and assuming no other change, our finance expenses would have increased by $0.4 million in 2010 and by $0.1 million in 2011 due to our current negative net asset position denominated in U.S. dollars. Assuming a 10% increase in the Euro relative to the NIS, and assuming no other change, our finance expenses would have increased by $0.4 million in 2010 and by $0.3 million in 2011 due to our current negative net asset position denominated in Euros.

We use forward contracts to manage currency risk with respect to those currencies in which we generate revenues or incur expenses. Beginning in December 2010, we have used Australian dollar/NIS, EUR/NIS and Canadian dollar/NIS forward contracts, and prior to December 2010, we used U.S. dollar/other currency options combined with U.S. dollar/NIS forward contracts. The derivatives instruments partially offset the impact of foreign currency fluctuations. Therefore, we are less exposed to the risk that the NIS may appreciate relative to these currencies. We may in the future use derivative instruments to a greater extent or engage in other transactions or invest in market risk sensitive instruments if we determine that it is necessary to offset these risks. Currency options are not designated as hedging accounting instruments under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (originally issued as SFAS 133). Therefore, we have been incurring financial loss or income as a result of these derivatives.

 

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As of December 31, 2011, we had the following foreign currency hedge portfolio:

 

(in thousands except average rates)     

AUD/

NIS

      

CAD/

NIS

      

EUR/

NIS

       TOTAL  

 

 
              
 

Notional

Average rate

Notional

       65,264           10,259                75,523   

Forward sell

         3.6341           3.6545             
         5,074                4,523           9,597   

Forward buy

 

Average rate

         3.7250                4.9239        
  Notional             715                715   

Buy put option

 

Average strike

            3.6000             
  Notional             715                715   

Sell call option

 

Average strike

              3.7443             

Total notional value

                        86,551   
                     

 

 

 

Fair value

       $ (2,968      $ (221      $       26         $   (3,163

 

 

For the year ended December 31, 2010, net embedded losses on our foreign currency open derivative transactions were $0.3 million. For the year ended December 31, 2011, net embedded loss on our foreign currency derivatives transactions totaled $3.2 million for open derivative transactions. For the year ended December 31, 2010, our financial expenses generated from derivatives and foreign exchange rate transactions totaled $1.2 million. For the year ended December 31, 2011, our finance expenses generated from derivatives and foreign exchange rate transactions were $3.3 million.

Interest rates

In 2006, we entered into credit agreements with three lenders for NIS-denominated loans in an aggregate amount of $11.6 million. In 2008, we raised our foreign currency-denominated loans from the same commercial banks in an aggregate amount of $49.4 million. Our NIS loans are generally indexed to the prime interest rate and our foreign-denominated loans are primarily indexed to LIBOR. We had cash and cash equivalents totaling $11.95 million at December 31, 2011. Our cash and cash equivalents are held for working capital and other purposes. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes. Due to the short-term nature of the investments in cash equivalents and our relatively low debt balances, we do not believe that changes in interest rates will have a material impact on our financial position and results of operations and, therefore, we believe that a sensitivity analysis would not be material to investors. However, declines in interest rates will reduce future investment income.

Inflation

Inflationary factors such as increases in the cost of our labor may adversely affect our operating results. Although we do not believe that inflation has had a material impact on our financial position or results of operations to date, a high rate of inflation in the future may have an adverse effect on our ability to maintain current levels of gross profit margins and operating expenses as a percentage of revenues if the selling prices of our products do not increase in line with increases in costs.

 

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Business

We are a leading manufacturer of high quality engineered quartz surfaces sold under our premium Caesarstone brand. Although the use of quartz is relatively new, it is the fastest growing material in the countertop industry and continues to take market share from other materials, such as granite, manufactured solid surfaces and laminate. Between 1999 and 2010, global engineered quartz sales to end-consumers grew at a compound annual growth rate of 16.4% compared to a 4.4% compound annual growth rate in total global countertop sales to end-consumers during the same period. We believe that our strong brand awareness, leading market position, broad and innovative product offering and comprehensive market support provide us with substantial competitive advantages.

Founded in 1987, Caesarstone is a pioneer in the engineered quartz surfaces industry. Our products consist of engineered quartz slabs that are currently sold in 42 countries through a combination of direct sales in certain markets and indirectly through a network of independent distributors in other markets. In 2011, we acquired our former U.S. distributor and now generate the substantial majority of our revenues in the United States from direct distribution of our products. Our products are primarily used as kitchen countertops in the renovation and remodeling end markets. Other applications include vanity tops, wall panels, back splashes, floor tiles, stairs and other interior surfaces that are used in a variety of residential and non-residential applications. Our products’ hardness, as well as their non-porous characteristics, offer superior scratch, stain and heat resistance, making them extremely durable and ideal for kitchen and other applications relative to competing products such as granite, manufactured solid surfaces and laminate. Through our innovative design and manufacturing processes we are able to offer a wide variety of colors, styles, designs and textures.

From 2005 to 2007, our revenue grew at a compound annual growth rate of 37.9%, and during the more challenging global economic environment from 2007 to 2011, at a compound annual growth rate of 18.7%. In 2011, we generated revenue of $259.7 million, net income attributable to controlling interest of $29.1 million, adjusted EBITDA of $58.8 million and adjusted net income of $34.8 million. See “Prospectus summary—Summary consolidated financial and other data” for a description of how we define adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income and reconciliations of net income to adjusted EBITDA and net income attributable to controlling interest to adjusted net income. In 2011, our three largest markets, Australia, the United States and Israel, accounted for 34.0%, 23.0% and 14.9% of our total revenue, respectively.

Industry overview

The global countertop industry

The global countertop industry generated $68.0 billion in sales to end-consumers in 2010 based on average installed price, which includes installation and other related costs. Sales to end-consumers include sales to the end-consumers of countertops as opposed to sales at the wholesale level from manufacturers to fabricators and/or distributors. The largest countertop markets by sales are Asia Pacific, Western Europe and North America, each with sales to end-consumers totaling between $16.2 billion and $17.6 billion in 2010. Laminate accounted for the largest portion of global countertop sales by volume in 2010, followed by manufactured solid

 

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surfaces and granite. The following charts show the largest countertop markets by end-user sales in 2010 and global demand for laminates, solid surface, engineered quartz, granite, marble and other materials by end-user sales in 2010.

 

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Countertops have both residential and non-residential applications. We believe they are primarily installed in residential kitchens and bathrooms in new construction and home renovation and remodeling projects. In 2010, the majority of countertops were used in residential applications.

The quartz countertop industry

Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth and one of the hardest naturally occurring materials. The strength, durability and appearance of engineered quartz, as well as the low maintenance it requires, make it ideal for kitchen and bathroom applications, as well as for other applications such as floors, sinks, stairs and walls. In July 2011, quartz received the highest overall score among countertop materials from Consumer Reports Magazine, a leading provider of third-party consumer product reviews, based on performance in several tests, including resistance to staining, heat, cutting and abrasions, as well as price. Engineered quartz surfaces are relatively easy to fabricate and install, and current manufacturing techniques allow for the addition of colors and patterns to pure quartz, which is naturally colorless. This innovation has enabled manufacturers to offer end-consumers engineered quartz surfaces with a wide variety of colors, styles, designs and textures. As a result of the superior qualities of engineered quartz surfaces, they are typically priced in most of our markets at a premium to granite, manufactured solid surfaces, laminate and other countertop materials.

Between 1999 and 2010, global engineered quartz sales to end-consumers grew at a compound annual growth rate of 16.4%. In comparison, global countertop sales to end-consumers grew at a compound annual growth rate of 4.4% during the same period. As of 2010, engineered quartz had penetrated only 4.3% of the global countertop market by volume and is in the early stages of penetration in most markets compared to other countertop materials, such as granite, manufactured solid surfaces and laminate. Engineered quartz penetration of the global countertop market by sales increased from 2% in 1999 to 7% in 2010. We believe that growth in the engineered quartz surfaces market is being driven by increasing awareness of the material’s superior quality and characteristics.

Current penetration of engineered quartz surfaces by geographic region varies considerably. For example, in the United States, which accounted for approximately 20% of the global countertop sales to end-consumers in 2010, engineered quartz surfaces have penetrated approximately 5% of the countertop market by

 

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volume. In certain markets, including Australia and Israel, engineered quartz surfaces have already significantly penetrated the market and represented 32% and 82% of the total countertop market by volume in these countries in 2010, respectively. These levels highlight the penetration opportunity available to engineered quartz.

The engineered quartz surface manufacturing industry is highly fragmented. Engineered quartz surface manufacturers usually sell quartz slabs to a network of distributors that resell primarily to fabricators. Typically, fabricators are hired by contractors, developers and end-consumers to install the slabs at a project site. The engineered quartz surfaces manufacturing industry is characterized by limited vertical integration with few manufacturers controlling their own distribution or pursuing a global brand strategy.

Demand for countertops is primarily driven by the renovation and remodeling of existing homes and the construction of new homes, which are affected by changes in national and local economic conditions, demographics and unemployment levels. Notably, the renovation and remodeling industry has remained significantly more stable than the home building industry over the last several years. Despite the recent economic downturn, we believe that the home building and renovation and remodeling will recover and drive long-term demand for countertops. We also believe that rising incomes in developing areas such as China, the Middle East and Latin America will contribute to growing long-term demand for countertops.

Competitive strengths

Our competitive strengths include:

 

 

Global market leader in the high growth engineered quartz surfaces market.    In 1987, we introduced the first engineered quartz surface to the countertop marketplace. We have grown to become the largest provider of engineered quartz surfaces for countertops in Australia, Canada, Israel, France and South Africa, and have significant market share in the United States and Singapore. Our products accounted for approximately 13% of global engineered quartz sales by volume in 2010. We have achieved this success through continuous investment in our premium brand, a strong understanding of consumer preferences that helps us recognize and address local trends in the markets we serve and through superior customer service and support. As a leading global manufacturer, we believe that we are well positioned to benefit from attractive growth and substantial penetration opportunities in the engineered quartz countertop segment. From 1999 to 2010, global sales of engineered quartz to end-consumers grew from $900 million to $4.8 billion, representing a 16.4% compound annual growth rate over the same time period. We believe that the continued growth of the global engineered quartz countertop market represents a significant future growth opportunity for our branded products, as we continue to increase end-consumers’ awareness of Caesarstone and penetrate new and existing markets.

 

 

Premium global brand with superior product characteristics.    We have invested considerable resources to position Caesarstone as a premium brand and our products as the “ultimate surface” within the global countertop market. We developed our premium brand through our product’s innovative designs, aesthetics, quality and strength. We sell a comprehensive range of products targeting multiple price points consisting of our original Classico collection and our specialty collections, Concetto, Motivo and Supremo. We believe our specialty product collections increase our brand’s exposure to the entire product supply chain and, through

 

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unique aesthetics, raise the profile of all of our products among end-consumers. By regularly offering new designs and frequently being the first to introduce them to the marketplace, we have fostered our brand image as a leading design innovator in the global engineered quartz surfaces industry. We have also developed advanced eco-friendly products, and our products are certified by the International Certification Network and the Standards Institution of Israel as complying with ISO 14001 for environmental preservation regulations. Our products have won prestigious industry awards, including named one of “the 12 most mentioned brands by designers” by Interior Design Magazine in March 2010 and the “Product Design Award—Internal Surface Finishes” for our Motivo collection at the 2010 Designex Exhibition, one of the largest interior design and architecture exhibitions in Australia. The installation of a Caesarstone surface is often viewed as a statement about the quality of an entire kitchen or home, thereby adding value beyond the Caesarstone surface itself.

 

 

Proven ability to enter, develop and lead markets.    We have a proven track-record of achieving leading positions in our key markets, Australia, the United States, Israel and Canada, and entering new markets. We have accelerated the penetration and growth of Caesarstone products by specifically targeting markets with an existing demand for stone products with stone installation capabilities. We believe that in our home market of Israel, we have helped drive adoption of engineered quartz surfaces from 0% in 1987 to approximately 82% of the countertop market by volume in 2010 and have captured approximately 89% market share. We are implementing our business model in key growth markets, including the United States and Canada. We have a successful track record of penetrating our markets. For example, when we entered the Australian market in 1998 engineered quartz surfaces represented a de minimis share of the overall countertop market. We have helped increase engineered quartz surfaces to reach approximately 32% of the Australian countertop market by volume and have achieved a market share of approximately 59%. We accomplished this by educating the Australian market about engineered quartz’s superior product characteristics and building awareness and demand for our branded products through multiple marketing channels. In addition, we increased our market share by customizing our designs and colors to address the market’s preferences. We believe that our approach will enable us to capture additional market share from competitors, further penetrate and convert existing key markets, and help us enter new markets.

 

 

Strong global distribution platform.    We have developed a strong global distribution platform with distribution in 42 countries worldwide. Our sales strategy is tailored to the dynamics of each market in which we operate. In select markets, we have pursued a third-party distribution strategy to accelerate our entry into, and penetration of, multiple markets more rapidly. We differentiate ourselves from other engineered quartz surfaces manufacturers by the level of education and customer service that we provide to our distributors and fabricators, including marketing materials, robust warranties and technical support. For example, we educate our distributors through programs at our “Caesarstone University,” which provides distributors and fabricators with a comprehensive understanding of our engineered quartz products, their applications and installation techniques. As a result of our investments in our distribution platform and our success in penetrating markets, we have a significant number of product displays globally, including displays at over 8,000 locations in the United States. We believe that our market infrastructure and significant experience are difficult for competitors to replicate.

 

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Superior manufacturing capabilities.    With 25 years of manufacturing experience, we have established our position as a leading manufacturer recognized for quality, innovation and design. We have customized our manufacturing processes in order to maximize the consistency, durability, flexibility and crack resistance of our products, while increasing the efficiency of our production lines. Together with our research and development capabilities, our manufacturing expertise has enabled us to develop a number of aesthetically distinct product collections. We continually work to ensure that we acquire high quality raw materials for our engineered quartz slabs and ensure that our high standards are met by conducting ongoing quality control checks at raw material supplier sites and at our manufacturing facilities.

 

 

Attractive financial profile.    We have enjoyed strong growth metrics, margins and free cash flow as a result of our proven business model, the success of our Caesarstone branded products, attractive market dynamics for engineered quartz surfaces, our diverse geographic presence and our efficient manufacturing facilities. For example, despite the challenging global economic conditions, our revenues grew at a compound annual growth rate of 18.7% from 2007 to 2011. According to Freedonia, the global countertop market remained flat from 2007 to 2010. From 2007 to 2011, our gross profit margins grew from 27.4% to 40.2%, adjusted EBITDA margins grew from 18.4% to 22.6%, and adjusted net income margins grew from 9.2% to 13.4%. We attribute this sales and margin growth to the acquisition of the business of our former Australian and U.S. distributors, and our transition to direct distribution in Canada, our penetration of new markets, increasing operational efficiencies and a change in our product mix. Our existing manufacturing capacity, modest maintenance capital expenditures, favorable tax rates and capital structure have allowed us to invest in our business and generate strong, consistent free cash flow while significantly growing our business. While our margins are subject to short-term pressure due to recent raw material price increases, we believe we have a