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Equity-Based Compensation
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Equity-Based Compensation  
Equity-Based Compensation

Note 9                    Equity-Based Compensation

 

For the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, we recognized stock-based compensation expense of $4.6 and $1.6, respectively.

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2012, there were 794,000 RSUs granted to certain directors and employees of our Company.  RSUs awarded to employee participants are accounted for as liability instruments and recorded in accrued expenses in our consolidated balance sheets.   RSUs awarded to non-employee directors are accounted for as equity instruments.

 

There were no stock options granted in the three months ended March 31, 2012.   Stock options awarded to employees or non-employee directors are accounted for as equity instruments.

 

In connection with the Successor Company grant of stock-based compensation awards, we perform a valuation of our common stock equity.  Our valuation analysis consists of a combination of the income and market comparable approach, discounted for lack of marketability based on an options pricing method proposed by John Finnerty (“Finnerty Model”) under Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.  We also consider, but have not used, the market transaction approach due to the lack of relevant transactions.  The income approach utilizes cash flows based on our long-term outlook through the valuation date.  Terminal value was calculated using a modified Gordon growth formula.  Market multiples of peer companies were calculated and utilized in application of a market comparable approach.  We applied multiple ranges for revenue and EBITDA.

 

The table below sets forth the key assumptions utilized in the valuation of our common stock equity:

 

 

 

Successor Company

 

 

 

Valuation Date

 

 

 

March 31, 2012

 

Income approach

 

 

 

Discount rate

 

16.0

%

Perpetual growth rate

 

2.0

%

Market comparable approach

 

 

 

EBITDA market multiples

 

5.50 to 6.00

 

Revenue market multiples

 

0.50 to 0.55

 

Finnerty model

 

 

 

Discount for lack of marketability

 

20.0

%

Volatility (a)

 

50.0

%

Risk-free rate (b)

 

0.3

%

Dividend yield (c)

 

0.0

%

Estimated fair value of our common stock

 

$

12.27

 

 

(a)          Volatility is calculated based on comparable public company volatilities.

 

(b)         Risk-free rate is calculated based on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon security yields.

 

(c)          Dividend yield is based on our historical and expected dividends.

 

A summary of RSUs activity under the 2010 Plan was as follows:

 

 

 

Successor Company

 

 

 

RSUs

 

 

 

Shares
(000’s)

 

Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair Value

 

Nonvested at December 31, 2011

 

54

 

$

22.80

 

Granted, total

 

794

 

11.97

 

Granted, vested

 

(350

)

11.91

 

Nonvested at March 31, 2012

 

498

 

$

13.19