NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Operations

LiquidValue Development Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in the State of Nevada on December 10, 2009. On December 29, 2017, the Company, acquired Alset EHome Inc. (“Alset EHome”) by reverse merger. Alset EHome, a Delaware corporation, was formed on February 24, 2015. Alset EHome is principally engaged in developing, selling, managing, and leasing residential properties in the United States in current stage and may expand from residential properties to other property types, including but not limited to commercial and retail properties. The Company is 99.99% owned by SeD Intelligent Home Inc., which is wholly owned by Alset International Limited (“Alset International”), a multinational public company, listed on the Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited.

The Company was also in the business of renting homes, however, on December 9, 2022, Alset EHome entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Alset International Limited and Alset Inc., pursuant to which Alset EHome agreed to sell all of the shares of American Home REIT Inc., the company holding 112 rental properties, to Alset Inc. The closing of this transaction was completed on January 13, 2023. For further details on this transaction, refer to Note 4 to the Company’s Financial Statements – Related Party Transactions and Note 6 – Discontinued Operations.

The Company’s chief operating decision makers are the two Co-CEOs, who review and assess the performance of the Company as a whole. The Company reports its segment information to reflect the manner in which the chief operating decision makers (the “CODMs”) review and assess performance. Both land development projects and rental business are included in our only reporting segment – real estate.

The primary financial measures used by the CODMs to evaluate performance and allocate resources are net income (loss) and operating income (loss). The CODMs use net income (loss) and operating income (loss) to evaluate the performance of the Company’s ongoing operations and as part of the Company’s internal planning and forecasting processes. Information on net income (loss) and operating income (loss) is disclosed in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Segment expenses and other segment items are provided to the CODMs on the same basis as disclosed in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

The CODMs do not evaluate performance or allocate resources based on segment assets, and therefore such information is not presented in the Notes to the Financial Statements.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had cash in the amount of $2,762,935, compared to $1,774,314 as of December 31, 2023.

The Company sold the remainder of its lots during 2024, leaving no significant revenue-generating assets to fund ongoing operations. While the Company continues to generate some income from two rental homes, this revenue is insufficient to sustain operations. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. However, this doubt is alleviated by expected cash flow from reimbursements and ongoing financial support from Alset Inc., which management believes will be sufficient to meet the Company’s obligations for the foreseeable future.

The Company is entitled to receive certain developer reimbursements for the Lakes at Black Oak and Alset Villas projects. The Company expects that approximately $4.7 million of the receivable will be collected within the next twelve months.

The Company has obtained a letter of financial support from Alset Inc., an indirect owner of the Company. Alset Inc. committed to provide any additional funding required by the Company and would not demand repayment for the next twelve months from the filing of this Form 10-K.

These financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts, or amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from this uncertainty.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include all accounts of the entities as of the reporting period ending dates and for the reporting periods as follows:

Name of consolidated subsidiary	State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization	Date of incorporation or formation	Attributable interest as of December 31, 2023			Attributable interest as of December 31, 2024
Alset EHome Inc.	Delaware	February 24, 2015		100	%		100	%
SeD USA, LLC	Delaware	August 20, 2014		100	%		100	%
150 Black Oak GP, Inc.	Texas	January 23, 2014		100	%		100	%
SeD Development USA, Inc.	Delaware	March 13, 2014		100	%		100	%
150 CCM Black Oak Ltd.	Texas	January 23, 2014		100	%		100	%
SeD Ballenger, LLC	Delaware	July 7, 2015		100	%		100	%
SeD Maryland Development, LLC	Delaware	October 16, 2014		83.55	%		83.55	%
SeD Development Management, LLC	Delaware	June 18, 2015		85	%		85	%
AHR Black Oak One, LLC	Delaware	September 29, 2021		100	%		100	%

All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Non–controlling interest represents the minority equity investment in the Company’s subsidiaries, plus the minority investors’ share of the net operating results and other components of equity relating to the non–controlling interests.

The Company’s subsidiary Alset Solar Inc. was closed on June 21, 2024. The Company’s subsidiary SeD REIT Inc. was closed on August 26, 2024. The Company’s subsidiary SeD Builder LLC was closed on September 2, 2024. The closing of these three companies did not have any effect on the Company’s financial statements.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the aggregate non-controlling interest was $65,672 and $79,959, respectively, which are separately disclosed on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Basis of Presentation

The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”).

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Income (Loss) per Share

Basic income (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to the common stockholders by weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Fully diluted income (loss) per share is computed similar to basic income (loss) per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common shares had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive. There were no dilutive financial instruments issued or outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2024 or 2023.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying value of cash, restricted cash, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and short-term borrowings, as reflected in the balance sheets, approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. All other significant financial assets, financial liabilities and equity instruments of the Company are either recognized or disclosed in the consolidated financial statements together with other information relevant for making a reasonable assessment of future cash flows, interest rate risk and credit risk. Where practicable the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities have been determined and disclosed; otherwise only available information pertinent to fair value has been disclosed. Fair value is defined as the exit price, or the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. The authoritative guidance establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about the factors market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available in the circumstances. The categorization of financial assets and liabilities within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Company classifies and discloses assets and liabilities carried at fair value in one of the following three categories:

● Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities;

● Level 2 – observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data; and

● Level 3 – significant unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at the date of acquisition to be cash equivalents. There were no cash equivalents as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Restricted Cash

As a condition to the loan agreement with the Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company (“M&T Bank”), the Company was required to maintain a minimum of $2,600,000 in an interest-bearing account maintained by the lender as additional security for the loans. The fund was required to remain as collateral for the loan and outstanding letters of credit until the loan and letters of credit are paid off in full and the loan agreement is terminated. The loan has expired during 2022 and only letters of credit are outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. On March 15, 2022 approximately $2,300,000 was released from collateral. On December 14, 2023 additional $201,751 was released from collateral. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the total balance of this account was $107,874 and $107,767, respectively.

Other Receivables

Other receivables mostly include funds due from a title company and federal tax refund receivable.

Reimbursement Receivable, Net

Reimbursement receivable includes developer reimbursements for Lakes at Black Oak and Alset Villas projects. The Company records an allowance for credit losses based on previous collection experiences, the creditability of the organizations that are supposed to reimburse us, the forecasts from the third-party engineering company and Moody’s credit ratings. The allowance amount for these reimbursements was immaterial at December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Fixed Assets, Net

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Expenditures for major additions and betterments are capitalized. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method (after taking into account their respective estimated residual values) over the estimated useful lives, which are 3 years.

Real Estate Assets

● Land Development Assets

Real estate assets are recorded at cost, except when real estate assets are acquired that meet the definition of a business combination in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 805, “Business Combinations,” which acquired assets are recorded at fair value. Interest, property taxes, insurance and other incremental costs (including salaries) directly related to a project are capitalized during the construction period of major facilities and land improvements. The capitalization period begins when activities to develop the parcel commence and ends when the asset constructed is completed. The capitalized costs are recorded as part of the asset to which they relate and are reduced when lots are sold.

In addition to our annual assessment of potential triggering events in accordance with ASC 360, the Company applies a fair value-based impairment test to the net book value assets on an annual basis. The Company would also apply a fair value-based impairment test to the net book value assets in the interim if certain events or circumstances indicate that an impairment loss may have occurred.

The Company did not record impairment on any of its projects during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.

On October 28, 2022, 150 CCM Black Oak Ltd. (“Black Oak”), a Texas Limited Partnership and subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Contract for Purchase and Sale and Escrow Instructions (the “Century Agreement”) with Century Land Holdings of Texas, LLC, a Colorado limited liability company (the “Buyer”). Pursuant to the terms of the Century Agreement, Black Oak agreed to sell approximately 242 single-family detached residential lots comprising a residential community in the city of Magnolia, Texas known as the “Lakes at Black Oak.” On November 28, 2022, the parties to the Century Agreement entered into an amendment to the Century Agreement (the “Amendment”). Pursuant to the Amendment, the parties agreed that the Buyer would purchase approximately 131 single-family detached residential lots, instead of 242 lots. This transaction closed on April 13, 2023.

On March 16, 2023, 150 CCM Black Oak Ltd. entered into a Purchase and Sale Agreement (the “Rausch Coleman Agreement”) with Rausch Coleman Homes Houston, LLC, a Texas limited liability company. Pursuant to the terms of the Rausch Coleman Agreement, Black Oak agreed to sell approximately 110 single-family detached residential lots which comprise a section of the Lakes at Black Oak. The transaction closed on May 15, 2023.

On March 17, 2023, 150 CCM Black Oak Ltd. entered into a Purchase and Sale Agreement (the “Davidson Agreement”) with Davidson Homes, LLC, an Alabama limited liability company. Pursuant to the terms of the Davidson Agreement, Black Oak agreed to sell approximately 189 single-family detached residential lots developed within section 2 of Lakes at Black Oak project. The sale of the first 94 lots closed on May 30, 2023. The sale of remaining lots closed on January 4, 2024.

On November 13, 2023, the Company entered into two Contracts for Purchase and Sale and Escrow Instructions (each an “Agreement,” collectively, the “Agreements”) with Century Land Holdings of Texas, LLC, a Colorado limited liability company (the “Buyer”). Pursuant to the terms of one of the aforementioned Agreements, the Seller agreed to sell approximately 142 single-family detached residential lots comprising a section of a residential community in the Lakes at Black Oak. The selling price of these lots was anticipated to equal approximately $7.4 million. Pursuant to the other Agreement, the Seller agreed to sell 63 single-family detached residential lots in the city of Magnolia, Texas. In 2021, our subsidiary Alset EHome Inc. acquired approximately 19.5 acres of partially developed land near Houston, Texas which was used to develop a community named Alset Villas. Alset EHome was in the process of developing the 63 lots at Alset Villas in 2023. The closing of the transactions described above depended on the satisfaction of certain conditions. On July 1, 2024, the Seller closed the sale of 70 of the lots contemplated by that certain Agreement, generating approximately $3.8 million. The sale of the remaining 72 lots at Lakes at Black Oak closed on October 10, 2024 generating approximately $3.9 million. The sale of 63 lots at Alset Villas closed on December 16, 2024 generating approximately $3.8 million.

● Rental of Model Houses

In May 2023, the Company entered into a lease agreement for one of its model houses located in Montgomery County, Texas. This lease agreement was terminated in February 2025.

On July 14, 2023, 150 CCM Black Oak Ltd entered into a model home lease agreement with Davidson Homes, LLC (“Davidson”). On August 3, 2023, Black Oak entered into a development and construction agreement with Davidson to build a model house located in Montgomery County, Texas. On January 4, 2024, Black Oak paid $220,076 to Davidson as reimbursement for final construction cost and the contractor’s fee. The model home lease commenced on January 1, 2024, lease term is twenty-four (24) full months and annual base rent equals to twelve percent (12%) of the total of the final cost of construction costs and the contractor’s fee.

Revenue Recognition

● Land Development Revenue Recognition

ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), establishes principles for reporting information about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the entity’s contracts to provide goods or services to customers.

In accordance with ASC 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled to receive in exchange for these goods or services. The provisions of ASC 606 include a five-step process by which we determine revenue recognition, depicting the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts reflecting the payment to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ASC 606 requires us to apply the following steps: (1) identify the contract with the customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when, or as, we satisfy the performance obligation. A detailed breakdown of the five-step process for the revenue recognition of our Lakes at Black Oak and Alset Villas projects, which earned the majority of the Company’s revenue in 2024 and 2023, is as follows:

a) Identify the contract with a customer.

The Company has signed agreements with the builders for developing the raw land to ready to build lots. The contract has agreed upon prices, timelines, and specifications for what is to be provided.

b) Identify the performance obligations in the contract.

Performance obligations of the company include delivering developed lots to the customer, which are required to meet certain specifications that are outlined in the contract. The customer inspects all lots prior to accepting title to ensure all specifications are met.

c) Determine the transaction price.

The transaction price is specified in the contract. Any subsequent change orders or price changes are required to be approved by both parties.

d) Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract.

Each lot is considered to be a separate performance obligation, for which the specified price in the contract is allocated to.

e) Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.

The builders do the inspections to make sure all conditions/requirements are met before taking title of lots. The Company recognizes revenue when title is transferred. The Company does not have further performance obligations once title is transferred. Revenue is recognized at a point in time.

● Rental Revenue Recognition

The Company leases real estate properties to its tenants under leases that are predominately classified as operating leases, in accordance with ASC 842, Leases (“ASC 842”). Real estate rental revenue is comprised of minimum base rent and revenue from the collection of lease termination fees.

Rent from tenants is recorded in accordance with the terms of each lease agreement on a straight-line basis over the initial term of the lease. Rental revenue recognition begins when the tenant controls the space and continues through the term of the related lease. Generally, at the end of the lease term, the Company provides the tenant with a one year renewal option, including mostly the same terms and conditions provided under the initial lease term, subject to rent increases.

The Company defers rental revenue related to lease payments received from tenants in advance of their due dates. These amounts are presented within deferred revenue on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

Rental revenue is subject to an evaluation for collectability on several factors, including payment history, the financial strength of the tenant and any guarantors, historical operations and operating trends of the property, and current economic conditions. If our evaluation of these factors indicates that it is not probable that we will recover substantially all of the receivable, rental revenue is limited to the lesser of the rental revenue that would be recognized on a straight-line basis (as applicable) or the lease payments that have been collected from the lessee. Differences between rental revenue recognized and amounts contractually due under the lease agreements are credited or charged to straight-line rent receivable or straight-line rent liability, as applicable. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, deferred revenue was $0 and $2,100, respectively.

Cost of Revenue

● Cost of Real Estate Sale

All of the costs of real estate sales are from our land development business. Land acquisition costs are allocated to each lot based on the area method, the size of the lot comparing to the total size of all lots in the project. Development costs and capitalized interest are allocated to lots sold based on the total expected development and interest costs of the completed project and allocating a percentage of those costs based on the selling price of the sold lot compared to the expected sales values of all lots in the project.

If allocation of development costs based on the projection and relative expected sales value is impracticable, those costs could also be allocated based on area method, the size of the lot comparing to the total size of all lots in the project.

● Cost of Rental Revenue

Cost of rental revenue consists primarily of the costs associated with management and leasing fees to our management company, repairs and maintenance, depreciation, property taxes and other related administrative costs. Utility expenses are paid directly by tenants.

Income Taxes

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the estimated future tax effects of net operating loss and credit carry-forwards and temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts measured at the current enacted tax rates. The differences relate primarily to net operating loss carryforward from date of acquisition and to the use of the cash basis of accounting for income tax purposes. The Company records an estimated valuation allowance on its deferred income tax assets if it is more likely than not that these deferred income tax assets will not be realized.

The Company recognizes a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company has not recorded any unrecognized tax benefits.

The Company’s tax returns for 2023, 2022 and 2021 remain open to examination.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”), which requires an enhanced disclosure of significant segment expenses on an annual and interim basis. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, the guidance should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company adopted ASU 2023-07 on December 31, 2024 on a retrospective basis. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. 

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) – Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires that an entity, on an annual basis, disclose additional income tax information, primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The amendment in the ASU is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The ASU’s amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that adoption of ASU 2023-09 will have on its financial statements.

 In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03 (“ASU 2024-03”), Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which is intended to improve disclosures about a public business entity’s expenses, primarily through additional disaggregation of income statement expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2024-03 should be applied either prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date or retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the ASU to determine the impact on the Company’s disclosures.