The significant accounting policies used in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are as follows:

These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries disclosed in note 1. All inter-company balances, transactions, revenues and expenses have been eliminated on consolidation.

Control exists where the parent entity has power over the investee and is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. Subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date control commences until the date control ceases.

In preparing the financial statements of each individual group entity, transactions in currencies other than the entity's functional currency (“foreign currencies”) are translated at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At the end of each reporting period, monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rates prevailing at that date. Exchange gains and losses are recognized on a net basis in earnings or loss from operations for the period.

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash in the statements of financial position are comprised of cash and highly liquid investments having maturity dates of three months or less from the date of purchase, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash.

The Company's primary product is gold. Other metals, such as silver, produced as part of the extraction process are considered to be by-products arising from the production of gold. Revenue relating to the sale of metals is recognized when control of the metal is transferred to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for the metal.

When considering whether the Company has satisfied its performance obligation, it considers the indicators of the transfer of control, which include, but are not limited to, whether: the Company has a present right to payment; the customer has legal title to the metal; the Company has transferred physical possession of the metal to the customer; and the customer has the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the metal.

The Company predominantly produces gold and silver by-product. Inventories consist of ore in process, finished metal inventory (doré), and operational supplies. Doré represents a bar containing predominantly gold by value which must be refined into its saleable metals.

These inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value (“NRV”) after consideration of additional processing, refining and transportation costs. NRV represents the estimated future sales price of the product based on prevailing and long-term metals prices, less the estimated costs to complete production and bring the product to saleable form.

Write-downs of inventory are recognized in earnings or loss from operations as incurred. The Company reverses write-downs in the event that there is a subsequent increase in NRV.

The recovery of gold and silver from the ore is achieved through heap leaching processes. Costs are added to ore on leach pads based on current mining and processing costs, including applicable overhead, depletion and depreciation relating to mining operations. Costs are removed from ore on leach pads as ounces are recovered, based on the average cost per ounce of recoverable gold in ore in process inventory.

Supplies include consumables used in operations such as fuel, grinding material, chemicals, and spare parts. NRV is estimated as replacement cost.

Major spare parts and standby equipment are included in plant and equipment when they meet the definition of property, plant and equipment.

Mineral property development costs, including reclassified mineral property acquisition costs and capitalized exploration and evaluation costs, are stated at cost less accumulated depletion and accumulated impairment losses. Costs associated with the commissioning of new assets, net of incidental revenues, are capitalized as mineral property costs in the period before they are operating in the manner intended by management.

The Company capitalizes the cost of acquiring, maintaining, exploring, and developing mineral properties until such time as the properties are placed into production, abandoned, sold or considered to be impaired in value.

Costs of producing properties are amortized using the UOP method based on estimated proven and probable reserves forecast to be extracted over the life of the mine and the costs of abandoned properties are written off in the period in which that decision is made by management.

Proceeds received on the sale of interests in mineral properties are credited to the carrying value of the mineral properties, with any excess included in earnings or loss as incurred. Write-offs due to impairment in value are charged to earnings or loss as incurred.

In open pit mining operations, it is necessary to remove overburden and other waste in order to access the ore body. Stripping costs incurred prior to commercial production are capitalized and deferred as part of the cost of constructing the mine.

Mining costs associated with stripping activities during the production phase of a mine are variable production costs that are included in the costs of the inventory during the period that the stripping costs are incurred, unless the stripping activity can be shown to represent future benefits to the mineral property, in which case stripping costs are capitalized.

Future benefits to the mineral property are demonstrated when stripping activity results in either immediate usable ore to produce finished gold doré bar inventory or improved access to sources of gold reserves that will be produced in future periods that would otherwise not have been accessible. Stripping activity occurs on separately identifiable components of the open pit and the amount capitalized is calculated by multiplying the tonnes removed for stripping purposes from each identifiable component during the period by the mining cost per tonne.

The Company includes stripping costs in its production costs using a strip ratio based on tonnes of material removed compared to the estimated strip ratio per each separately identifiable component. Periods where the actual strip ratio for the identifiable component exceeded the average life of phase strip ratio for that component resulted in deferral of the excess stripping costs as an asset recorded within mineral properties (note 11).

Plant and equipment is measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. Cost includes the purchase price, any costs directly attributable to bringing plant and equipment to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management and the estimated site reclamation and closure costs associated with removing the asset, and, where applicable, borrowing costs.

Upon sale or abandonment of any plant and equipment, the cost and related accumulated depreciation and impairment losses are written off and any gains or losses thereon are recognized in earnings or loss for the period. When the parts of an item of plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of plant and equipment.

The cost of replacing or overhauling a component of an item of plant and equipment is recognized in the carrying amount of the item if it is probable that the future economic benefits embodied within the component will flow to the Company and its cost can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of the replaced component is derecognized. Maintenance and repairs of a routine nature are charged to earnings or loss as incurred.

Acquisition costs for exploration and evaluation stage properties are capitalized. Exploration and evaluation expenditures incurred on a mineral property are capitalized where management determines there is sufficient evidence that the expenditure will result in a future economic benefit to the Company. All other exploration and evaluation expenditures are expensed as incurred.

Exploration and evaluation expenditures comprise costs that are directly attributable to:

•

activities in relation to evaluating the technical feasibility and commercial viability of extracting a mineral resource.

Subsequent to completion of a positive economic analysis on a mineral property, capitalized acquisition costs and exploration and evaluation expenditures are reclassified to mineral properties. The Company is in the process of exploring and developing many of its exploration and evaluation properties and has not yet determined the amount of reserves available.

Management reviews the carrying value of mineral properties at each reporting date and will recognize impairment in value based upon current exploration results, the prospect of further work being carried out by the Company and the assessment of future probability of profitable revenues from the property, or from the sale of the property. Amounts shown for properties represent costs incurred net of impairments and recoveries.

Mineral property costs, including deferred stripping costs, are depreciated when commercial production begins using the UOP method based on estimated proven and probable reserves.

Plant and equipment, including major components, are depreciated using the following depreciation methods and rates for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017:

Computer equipment	30% straight line method
Leasehold improvements	20% straight line method
Office furniture and equipment	10% straight line method
Vehicles	25% straight line method or straight line method over expected life
Vehicles - right-of-use assets	straight line method over expected life
Mine equipment and buildings	UOP method or straight line method over expected life (2 - 7 years)
Plant and equipment	UOP method

A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event, the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation.

Constructive obligations are obligations that derive from the Company’s actions where:

•

by an established pattern of past practice, published policies or a sufficiently specific current statement, the Company has indicated to other parties that it will accept certain responsibilities; and,

•

as a result, the Company has created a valid expectation on the part of those other parties that it will discharge those responsibilities.

Provisions are reviewed at the end of each reporting period and adjusted to reflect management’s current best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period. If it is no longer probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, the provision is reversed.

Provisions are reduced by actual expenditures for which the provision was originally recognized. Provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects the current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The accretion of the discount is charged to earnings or loss for the period.

The Company’s mining and exploration activities are subject to various laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment. The Company records the fair value of a provision for site reclamation and closure as a liability in the period in which it incurred a legal or constructive obligation associated with the reclamation of the mine site and the retirement of tangible long-lived assets that result from the acquisition, construction, development, and/or normal use of the assets.

The obligation is measured initially at present value based on estimated future cash flows derived using internal information and third party reports. The estimated cost is capitalized and included in the carrying value of the related mineral properties and is depreciated using either the straight-line method or UOP method, as appropriate.

The provision is initially discounted using a current market-based pre-tax discount rate and subsequently increased for the unwinding of the discount. The unwinding of the discount is charged to earnings or loss for the period.

At each reporting date, the Company reviews its provision for site reclamation and closure to reflect the current best estimate. The provision for site reclamation and closure is adjusted for changes in factors such as the amount or timing of the expected underlying cash flows, or the market-based pre-tax discount rate, with the offsetting amount recorded to the site reclamation and closure asset included in mineral properties which arises at the time of establishing the provision. The site reclamation and closure asset is depreciated on the same basis as the related asset.

Certain employees and directors of the Company receive a portion of their remuneration in the form of share options. The fair value of the share options, determined at the date of the grant, is charged to earnings or loss, with an offsetting credit to share-based payment reserve, over the vesting period. If and when the share options are exercised, the applicable original amounts of share-based payment reserve are transferred to issued capital.

The fair value of a share-based payment is determined at the date of the grant. The estimated fair value of share options is measured using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires the input of subjective assumptions, including the expected term of the option and share price volatility. The expected term of options granted is determined based on historical data on the average hold period before exercise, expiry or cancellation. Expected volatility is estimated with reference to the historical volatility of the share price of the Company.

These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgement. The costs of share-based payments are recognized over the vesting period of the option. The total amount recognized as an expense is adjusted to reflect the number of options expected to vest at each reporting date. At each reporting date prior to vesting, the cumulative compensation expense representing the extent to which the vesting period has passed and management’s best estimate of the share options that are ultimately expected to vest is computed. The movement in cumulative expense is recognized in earnings or loss with a corresponding entry to share-based payment reserve.

Share-based payments to non-employees are measured at the fair value of the goods or services received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued if it is determined that the fair value of the goods or services cannot be reliably measured and are recorded at the date the goods or services are received.

No expense is recognized for share options that do not ultimately vest. Charges for share options that are forfeited before vesting are reversed from share-based payment reserve and credited to earnings or loss. For those share options that expire unexercised after vesting, the recorded value remains in share-based payment reserve.

Cash-settled awards are measured at fair value initially using the market value of the underlying shares on the day preceding the date of the grant of the award and are required to be remeasured to fair value at each reporting date until settlement. The cost is then recorded over the vesting period of the award. This expense, and any changes in the fair value of the award, is charged to earnings or loss. The cash-settled awards are recorded within liabilities until settled. The Company offers cash-settled awards (Deferred Share Units (“DSU”), Restricted Share Units (“RSU”), and Performance Share Units (“PSU”)) to certain employees and Directors of the Company.

Under the DSU plan, each DSU has the same value as one common share listed on the TSX. DSUs will be retained until the Director leaves the Board, at which time the cash value of the DSUs is paid out. At each reporting date and on settlement, the liability is remeasured, with any change in fair value recorded as compensation expense in the period.

Under the RSU plan, selected employees are granted RSUs where each RSU has a value equal to one common share listed on the TSX. RSUs fully vest at the end of three years and settle in cash at that time.

A liability for the RSUs is measured at fair value and is adjusted for changes in fair value at each reporting period. At each reporting date and on settlement, the liability is remeasured, with any change in fair value recorded as compensation expense over the vesting period.

Under the PSU plan, selected employees are granted PSUs. PSUs fully vest at the end of a performance period and settle in cash at that time. Vesting, and therefore the liability, is based on the achievement of performance goals and target settlement.

The value of each PSU reflects the value of a common share listed on the TSX and the expected target settlement percentage which is dependent on the underlying share’s relative performance against certain competitors and other internal financial performance measures. Therefore, the fair value of the PSUs is determined with reference to the closing stock price at each revaluation date multiplied by the target settlement percentage which is estimated using a Monte Carlo valuation model.

A liability for the PSUs is measured at fair value and is adjusted for changes in fair value at each reporting period. At each reporting date and on settlement, the liability is remeasured, with any change in fair value recorded as compensation expense over the vesting period.

US dollar denominated share purchase warrants are recognized at fair value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model or the listed trading price at the date of issue. Share purchase warrants are initially recorded in equity.

Share purchase warrants are classified as a warrant liability under the principles of IFRS 9 - Financial Instruments. As the exercise price of the share purchase warrant is fixed in Canadian dollars (C$) and the functional currency of the Company is the US dollar, the share purchase warrants are considered a derivative liability in accordance with IAS 32 - Financial Instruments: Presentation as a variable amount of cash in the Company’s functional currency will be received upon exercise.

These types of share purchase warrants are recognized at fair value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model or the listed trading price at the date of issue. Share purchase warrants are initially recorded as a liability at fair value with any subsequent changes in fair value recognized in earnings or loss as finance expense.

Upon exercise of the share purchase warrants with exercise prices in a currency other than the Company’s functional currency, the share purchase warrants are revalued at the date of exercise and the total fair value of the exercised share purchase warrants is reallocated to equity. The proceeds generated from the payment of the exercise price are also allocated to equity.

Common shares are classified as issued capital. Costs directly attributable to the issue of common shares are recognized as a deduction from issued capital, net of any tax effects.

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized in the Company’s statement of financial position when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. On initial recognition, all financial assets and financial liabilities are recorded at fair value, net of attributable transaction costs, except for financial assets and liabilities classified as at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”). The directly attributable transaction costs of financial assets and liabilities classified as at FVTPL are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

Subsequent measurement of financial assets and liabilities depends on the classifications of such assets and liabilities.

Financial assets that meet the following conditions are measured subsequently at amortized cost:

•

The financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows; and,

•

The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

The amortized cost of a financial asset is the amount at which the financial asset is measured at initial recognition minus the principal repayments, plus the cumulative amortization using effective interest method of any difference between that initial amount and the maturity amount, adjusted for any loss allowance. Interest income is recognized using the effective interest method.

•

The financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets, and,

•

The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

The Company does not currently hold any financial instruments designated as FVTOCI.

On initial recognition, the Company may make an irrevocable election (on an instrument-by-instrument basis) to designate investments in equity instruments that would otherwise be measured at fair value through profit or loss to present subsequent changes in fair value in other comprehensive income. Designation at FVTOCI is not permitted if the equity investment is held for trading or if it is contingent consideration recognized by an acquirer in a business combination. Investments in equity instruments at FVTOCI are initially measured at fair value plus transaction costs. Subsequently, they are measured at fair value with gains and losses arising from changes in fair value recognized in other OCI. The cumulative gain or loss is not reclassified to profit or loss on disposal of the equity instrument, instead, it is transferred to retained earnings.

The Company does not currently hold any equity instruments designated as FVTOCI.

The Company, at initial recognition, may also irrevocably designate a financial asset as measured at FVTPL if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that would otherwise arise from measuring assets or liabilities or recognizing the gains and losses on them on different bases.

Financial assets measured at FVTPL are measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period, with any fair value gains or losses recognized in profit or loss to the extent they are not part of a designated hedging relationship. Fair value is determined in the manner described in note 3. The Company's financial assets at FVTPL include the reclamation bonds (note 12).

Debt and equity instruments are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognized at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs. Repurchase of the Company’s own equity instruments is recognized and deducted directly in equity. No gain or loss is recognized in profit or loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Company’s own equity instruments.

Financial liabilities that are not contingent consideration of an acquirer in a business combination, held for trading or designated as at FVTPL, are measured at amortized cost using effective interest method.

The Company does not currently apply nor have a past practice of applying hedge accounting to financial instruments.

The Company recognizes a loss allowance for expected credit losses on its financial assets. The amount of expected credit losses is updated at each reporting period to reflect changes in credit risk since initial recognition of the respective financial instruments.

At each reporting date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its non-financial assets to determine whether there are any indications of impairment. If any such indication exists such as decreases in metal prices, an increase in operating costs, a decrease in mineable reserves or a change in foreign exchange rate, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment, if any. In determining the recoverable amount, the Company also considers the net carrying amount of the asset, the ongoing costs required to maintain and operate the asset, and the use, value and condition of the asset.

Where the asset does not generate cash inflows that are independent with other assets, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit (“CGU”) to which the asset belongs. A CGU is the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or group of assets. This generally results in the Company evaluating its non-financial assets on a property by property basis.

The recoverable amount is determined as the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and the asset’s value in use. Fair value is determined with reference to discounted estimated future cash flow analysis or to recent transactions involving dispositions of similar properties. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value.

The pre-tax discount rate applied to the estimated future cash flows measured on a value in use basis reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the future cash flow estimates have not been adjusted.

If the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the carrying amount of the asset or CGU is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognized as a charge to earnings or loss. Non-financial assets that have been impaired are tested for possible reversal of the impairment whenever events or changes in circumstance indicate that the impairment may have reversed.

Where an impairment subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset or CGU is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but only so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of depletion and depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset or CGU in prior periods. A reversal of impairment is recognized as a gain in earnings or loss.

Current tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable earnings or loss for the period.

Current tax for each taxable entity in the Company is based on the local taxable income at the local statutory tax rate enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date, and includes adjustments to tax payable or recoverable in respect of previous periods.

Deferred tax is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method, providing for the tax effect of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and their respective tax bases.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences except where the deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill, or the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting earnings nor taxable earnings or loss.

Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, carry forwards of unused tax losses and tax credits, to the extent that it is probable that taxable earnings will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax losses can be utilized, except where the deferred tax asset related to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting earnings nor taxable earnings or loss.

The carrying amounts of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are adjusted to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable earnings will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be utilized. To the extent that an asset not previously recognized fulfills the criteria for recognition, a deferred tax asset is recorded.

Deferred tax is measured on an undiscounted basis using the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realized, based on tax rates and tax laws enacted or substantially enacted at the reporting date. Current and deferred tax relating to items recognized directly in equity are recognized in equity and not in earnings or loss.

Mining taxes and certain royalties are treated and disclosed as current and deferred taxes if they have the characteristics of an income tax. This is considered to be the case when they are imposed under government authority and the amount payable is calculated by reference to a form of net income after adjustment for items comprising temporary differences.

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing the earnings and comprehensive income of the Company by the basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. For purposes of calculating diluted EPS, the proceeds from the potential exercise of dilutive share options and share purchase warrants with exercise prices that are below the average market price of the underlying shares are assumed to be used in purchasing the Company’s common shares at their average market price for the period.

Share options and share purchase warrants are included in the calculation of diluted EPS only to the extent that the market price of the common shares exceeds the exercise price of the share options or share purchase warrants except where such conversion would be anti-dilutive.

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. Qualifying assets include the cost of developing mineral properties and constructing new facilities.

Borrowing costs are capitalized at the rate of interest applicable to the specific borrowings financing the assets under construction, or, where financed through general borrowings, at a capitalization rate representing the weighted average interest rate on such borrowings. Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalization.

All other borrowing costs are recognized in earnings or loss in the period in which they are incurred.

New and amended IFRS standards that are effective for the year ended December 31, 2019

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted IFRS 16 - Leases ("IFRS 16") which superseded IAS 17 - Leases. IFRS 16 applies a control model to the identification of leases, distinguishing between a lease and a service contract on the basis of whether the customer controls the asset. Control is considered to exist if the customer has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of an identified asset and the right to direct the use of that asset. For those assets determined to meet the definition of a lease, IFRS 16 introduces significant changes to the accounting by lessees, introducing a single, on balance sheet accounting model that is similar to the finance lease accounting, with limited exceptions for short-term leases or leases of low value assets.

The Company adopted IFRS 16 on January 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective approach, in accordance with the transitional provisions in IFRS 16. This did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements with the exception of additional disclosures included in notes 8, 11 and 15 regarding assets, liabilities, and expenses recognized in the period in connection with leases.

The new Standard has been applied using the modified retrospective approach, with the cumulative effect of adopting IFRS 16 being recognised in equity as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings for the current period. There was $nil impact to opening retained earnings with the Company’s adoption of IFRS 16. Prior periods have not been restated.

The Company also used the following practical expedients to account for leases at January 1, 2019:

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Applied recognition exemptions for operating leases when the underlying asset was of low value or the lease term ends within 12 months. The payments associated with these leases are recognized as an expense in operating expenses.

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Applied a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases with similar characteristics. Relied on the Company’s assessment of whether leases are onerous immediately before January 1, 2019 and adjusted the right-of-use asset by this amount. Excluded initial direct costs when measuring the lease asset. Used hindsight to determine the lease term when the contract contained options to extend or terminate the lease.

•

These policies apply to contracts entered into or changed on or after January 1, 2019. A contract is a lease or contains a lease if it conveys the right to control the use of an asset for a time period in exchange for consideration.

•

The Company has elected not to include initial direct costs in the measurement of the right-of-use asset for operating leases in existence at the date of initial application of IFRS 16, being January 1, 2019. At this date, the Company has also elected to measure the right-of-use assets at an amount equal to the lease liability adjusted for any prepaid or accrued lease payments that existed at the date of transition.

•

Instead of performing an impairment review on the right-of-use assets at the date of initial application, the Company has relied on its historic assessment as to whether leases were onerous immediately before the date of initial application of IFRS 16.

•

For those leases previously classified as finance leases, the right-of-use asset and lease liability are measured at the date of initial application at the same amounts as under IAS 17 immediately before the date of initial application.

•

On transition to IFRS 16 the weighted average incremental borrowing rate applied to lease liabilities recognised under IFRS 16 was 10%.

The Company has benefited from the use of hindsight for determining the lease term when considering options to extend and terminate leases.

As a result of the initial application of IFRS 16, in relation to the leases that were previously classified as operating leases, the Company recognized right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of $557 as at January 1, 2019. The determination was based on having operating lease commitments of $557 at December 31, 2018. The impact on IFRS 16 inception was a $nil change in deficit.

Following adoption, the IFRS 16 policies apply to contracts entered into or changed on or after January 1, 2019. A contract is a lease or contains a lease if it conveys the right to control the use of an asset for a time period in exchange for consideration.

For any new contracts entered into on or after January 1, 2019, the Company considers whether a contract is, or contains a lease. A lease is defined as ‘a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to use an asset (the underlying asset) for a period of time in exchange for consideration’.

To apply this definition the Company assesses whether the contract meets two key evaluations which are whether:

•

the contract contains an identified asset, which is either explicitly identified in the contract or implicitly specified by being identified at the time the asset is made available to the Company; and

•

the Company has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the identified asset throughout the period of use, considering its rights within the defined scope of the contract the Company has the right to direct the use of the identified asset throughout the period of use.

When assessing the lease term, management considers all facts and circumstances that create an economic incentive to exercise an extension option or to not exercise a termination option. This judgment is based on factors such as contract rates compared to market rates, economic reasons, significance of leasehold improvements, termination and relocation costs, installation of specialized assets, residual value guarantees, and any sublease term.

The Company assesses whether it has the right to direct ‘how and for what purpose’ the asset is used throughout the period of use.

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid. The Company elected to not separate non-lease components from lease components and to account for the non-lease and lease components as a single lease component. Lease payments generally include fixed payments less any lease incentives receivable. The lease liability is discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. The Company estimates the incremental borrowing rate based on the lease term, collateral assumptions, and the economic environment in which the lease is denominated. The lease liability is subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The lease liability is remeasured when the expected lease payments change as a result of new assessments of contractual options and residual value guarantees.

The right-of-use assets are recognized at the present value of the liability at the commencement date of the lease less any incentives received from the lessor. Added to the right-of-use asset are initial direct costs, payments made before the commencement date, and estimated restoration costs. The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated on a straight-line basis from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.

For leases previously classified as operating leases, lease liabilities were measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using the Company’s weighted-average incremental borrowing rate, calculated in accordance with IFRS 16, at January 1, 2019, of 10%. Associated right-of-use for certain property leases, elected on a lease-by-lease basis, were measured retrospectively as though IFRS 16 had been applied since the commencement date. Other lease assets were measured at the amount equal to the lease liabilities. The right-of-use assets were adjusted by the amount of any prepaid, accrued lease payments, or acquisition lease advantages or disadvantages relating to that lease and recognized in the statements of financial position as at December 31, 2018. The provision for onerous lease contracts recognized as at December 31, 2018, was also adjusted to the lease asset at the date of initial application.

On adoption of IFRS 16, the Company analyzed its contracts to identify whether they are or contain a lease arrangement and did not identify any leases which qualify for recognition under IFRS 16, except office leases. The Company has elected to apply the available exemptions as permitted by IFRS 16 to recognize a lease expense on a straight-line basis for short-term leases (lease term of 12 months or less) and low value leases. The Company has also elected to apply the practical expedient whereby leases whose term ends within 12 months of the date of initial application would be accounted for in the same way as short-term leases.

Subsequent to initial measurement, the liability will be reduced for payments made and increased for interest. It is remeasured to reflect any reassessment or modification, or if there are changes in in-substance fixed payments. When the lease liability is remeasured, the corresponding adjustment is reflected in the right-of-use asset, or profit and loss if the right-of-use asset is already reduced to zero.

On the statement of financial position, right-of-use assets have been included in mineral properties, plant and equipment, and exploration and evaluation (note 11) and lease liabilities (note 15) and have been presented separately.